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Detailed Teacher Instructions: Inheritance, X-Linkage, Evolution Over Multiple Generations, Genetic Hitchhiking
Revised Laboratory on Molecular Evolution Gredler et al. (2015) Detailed Teacher Instructions: Inheritance, X-linkage, Evolution over Multiple Generations, Genetic Hitchhiking Objectives: Between the laboratory exercise and the associated lectures, students will be able to: Explain the process of evolution by natural selection in terms of fitness-related traits and allele frequencies Describe the concept of X-linked inheritance Perform DNA extractions, PCR, and gel electrophoresis Analyze molecular data as a means of understanding an evolutionary process Explain the concepts of selective sweeps, hitchhiking, and linkage Materials: Drosophila melanogaster heat shock white-eyed strain 60739 Drosophila melanogaster heat shock white-eyed strain 60740 Drosophila melanogaster Zimbabwe (wild type) strain 60741 Culture vials, plugs, and food (media) for Drosophila rearing Carolina Biological FlyNap® Anesthetic Kit: 173010 (Optional but strongly preferred) CO2 anesthetization facilities for Drosophila DNA extraction buffer and proteinase-K for DNA isolation Sorting brushes "Squishing buffer" and proteinase-K for DNA isolation Equipment and reagents for polymerase chain reaction including oligonucleotides for "NEAR" and "FAR" markers Equipment and reagents for agarose gel electrophoresis Magnifying glasses Sharpie markers Custom PowerPoints and projector, if desired 1 Revised Laboratory on Molecular Evolution Gredler et al. (2015) This exercise allows students to view evolution over multiple generations, experiment with molecular techniques, and learn concepts of molecular evolution. This exercise requires considerable advance preparation (must be started approximately 6 weeks before planned class start date, with initial white- eyed fly crosses starting approximately 4 weeks before the planned class start date). The supplies and directions are listed out so that you may purchase or use supplies you already have. -
Acetate-Promoted Aldol-Type Reaction: of Acetates and Aldehydes
Acetate PromotedAldol-Condensation Bull. Korean Chem. Soc. 2009, Vol. 30, No. 4 797 Acetate-Promoted Aldol-Type Reaction: Scope and Reactivity of Acetates and Aldehydes Dong Hyeon Kim, A. F. M. Motiur Rahman, Byeong-Seon Jeong, Eung Seok Lee, and Yurngdong Jahng* College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, Korea. * E-mail: [email protected] Received November 24, 2008, Accepted February 11, 2009 Potential of acetates and related compounds in glacial acetic acid as a catalyst for aldol-type condensation reactions was examined. Reactions of cycloalkanones or selected heteroaromatics with aldehydes in presence of 10 mol% of various acetates in acetic acid afforded a,a'-bis(substituted-benzylidene)cycloalkanones and substituted-benzyl- idene-mackinazolinones, respectively, in good yields. Among the compounds tested, ammonium acetate is the best and effective especially towards the reactions of mackinazolinone and aliphatic aldehydes to afford 6-alkylidene- mackinazolinones. Key Words: Ammonium acetate, Aldol, 2,5-Bis-benzylidenecyclopentanone, 2,6-Bis-benzylidenecyclo- hexanone, Mackinazolinone Introduction that these were not suitable for a,a'-bis(alkylidene) cyclo- alkanones.21 Previous studies revealed that the reaction of The compounds with a,a'-bis(alkylidene)- and a,a'-bis- cyclopentanone with propionaldehyde in the presence of 0.5 (arylidene)-compounds such as a,a'-bis(benzylidene)cyclo- M NaOH afforded 2,5-bis(ethylidene)cyclopentanone in 19% alkanones (7)1 have been attracting much attention due to not yield21a while the reaction of cyclohexanone with butyralde only their intriguing biological activities such as anti- hyde afforded 3,4-tetramethylene-2-propylbicyclo [3.3.1]no- angiogenic,2 quinine reductase inducer,3 cytotoxic,4 and chole nan-4-ol-9-one (5aa) instead of the expected 2,6-bis(butyl- sterol-lowering activity,5 but also their potentials for nonlinear idene)cyclohexanone (3aa) or 2-butylidenecyclohexanone optical materials.6 They are also the important precursors for (4aa). -
Characterization and Enzyme Engineering of Laccases Towards Lignin Valorization in Aqueous Ionic Liquids
University of Kentucky UKnowledge Theses and Dissertations--Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering 2020 CHARACTERIZATION AND ENZYME ENGINEERING OF LACCASES TOWARDS LIGNIN VALORIZATION IN AQUEOUS IONIC LIQUIDS Joseph Stevens University of Kentucky, [email protected] Author ORCID Identifier: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2595-9256 Digital Object Identifier: https://doi.org/10.13023/etd.2020.346 Right click to open a feedback form in a new tab to let us know how this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Stevens, Joseph, "CHARACTERIZATION AND ENZYME ENGINEERING OF LACCASES TOWARDS LIGNIN VALORIZATION IN AQUEOUS IONIC LIQUIDS" (2020). Theses and Dissertations--Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering. 72. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/bae_etds/72 This Doctoral Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering at UKnowledge. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations--Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering by an authorized administrator of UKnowledge. For more information, please contact [email protected]. STUDENT AGREEMENT: I represent that my thesis or dissertation and abstract are my original work. Proper attribution has been given to all outside sources. I understand that I am solely responsible for obtaining any needed copyright permissions. I have obtained needed written permission statement(s) from the owner(s) of each third-party copyrighted matter to be included in my work, allowing electronic distribution (if such use is not permitted by the fair use doctrine) which will be submitted to UKnowledge as Additional File. I hereby grant to The University of Kentucky and its agents the irrevocable, non-exclusive, and royalty-free license to archive and make accessible my work in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. -
(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2015/0285765 A1 Chung Et Al
US 20150285765A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2015/0285765 A1 Chung et al. (43) Pub. Date: Oct. 8, 2015 (54) ACTIVE TRANSPORT OF CHARGED (52) U.S. Cl. MOLECULES INTO, WITHIN, AND/OR FROM CPC. G0IN 27/44756 (2013.01); G0IN 27/44704 CHARGED MATRICES (2013.01); G0IN 27/44708 (2013.01) (71) Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA (US) (57) ABSTRACT (72) Inventors: Kwanghun Chung, Cambridge, MA (US); Sung-Yon Kim, Cambridge, MA Articles and methods for the active transport of molecules (US); Kimberly Ohn, Boston, MA (US); into, within, and/or from a matrix are generally described. In Evan Murray, Cambridge, MA (US); some embodiments, an electric field may be used to alter the Jae Hun Cho, Cambridge, MA (US) position of the molecule with respect to the matrix. The elec tric field may be used to move the molecule to a new location (73) Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, within the matrix, remove the molecule from the matrix, or Cambridge, MA (US) infuse the molecule into the matrix. For instance, the electric field may be used to move a molecule having a binding (21) Appl. No.: 14/678,660 partner within the matrix into or away from the vicinity of the binding partner. In some embodiments, the position of the (22) Filed: Apr. 3, 2015 molecule may be altered by exposing the molecule to an electrodynamic field. In some Such embodiments, the mol Related U.S. Application Data ecule exposed to the dynamic electric field may have (60) Provisional application No. -
2019 KSFE Product Catalogue
Laboratory Chemicals 209 Description Brand Reference Packing Acacia powder, “Biochem”. R&M 2924-00 500g Acenaphthene, C.P. R&M 0003-00 500g ACES, “Biochem”. [N-(Acetomido)-2-aminoethanesulfonic acid] R&M 2340-00 25g Acetamide, C.P. (Ethanamide) R&M 0004-00 500g Acetanilide, A.R. (N-Phenylacetamide) R&M 0006-50 500g Acetate Buffer, for chlorine (pH-4), “READIL”. R&M 1560-00 500ml Acetate Buffer, pH-5.50, “READIL”. R&M 1560-55 500ml Acetic Acid, glacial, A.R. (Ethanoic acid) R&M 1410-58 2.5Lt Acetic Acid, 95%, A.R. (Ethanoic acid) R&M 1410-59 2.5Lt Acetic Acid, 5% (W/V), "READIL”. (Vinegar) R&M 1411-05 1Lt Acetic Acid, 10% (W/V), "READIL”. R&M 1411-10 1Lt Acetic Acid, 30% (W/V), "READIL”. R&M 1410-53 1Lt Acetic Acid, 50% (W/V), "READIL”. R&M 1410-50 1Lt Acetic Acid, 0.05mol/l (0.05), "READIL”. R&M 1410-51 1Lt Acetic Acid, 0.1mol/l (0.1), "READIL”. R&M 1410-52 1Lt Acetic Acid, 0.5mol/l (0.5), "READIL”. R&M 1410-53 1Lt Acetic Acid, 1.0mol/l (1.0), "READIL”. R&M 1410-54 1Lt Acetic Alcohol, “READIL”. R&M 1410-30 1Lt Acetoacetanilide, C.P. R&M 5298-50 500g Aceto-Carmine, “Biochem”. R&M 0063-80 100ml Aceto-Orcein, “Biochem”. (Connective tissue stain) R&M 0299-80 100ml Acetone, A.R. R&M 1412-50 2.5Lt Acetone, C.P. R&M 9108-50 2.5Lt Acetone, HPLC. R&M 9108-20 2.5Lt Acetone:Alcohol, “READIL”. -
Journal of Undergraduate Research, Volume 9
U.S. Department of Energy Journal of Undergraduate Research 1 http://www.scied.science.doe.gov JOURNAL EDITORS CO-EDITOR AND PROGRAM MANAGER SHANNON DUNPHY LAZO CO-EDITOR AND ALBERT EINSTEIN FELLOW LORNA T. V ÁZQUEZ PRODUCTION EDITOR DEBBIE MAYER CONSULTING EDITOR JEFFERY DILKS TECHNICAL REVIEW BOARD DIEDRE ADAMS BRENDA HAENDLER, PH.D. EINSTEIN FELLOW AAAS S&T POLICY FELLOW NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION BOOZ ALLEN HAMILTON AMORET L. BUNN MARK S. HANNUM, NBCT, EINSTEIN FELLOW PACIFIC NORTHWEST NATIONAL LABORATORY NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION DIVISION OF GRADUATE EDUCATION JAMES CHERRY EASTERN CONNECTICUT STATE UNIVERSITY JEFFREY A. HOLMES OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY ALICE CIALELLA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT KERA JOHNSON BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LABORATORY EINSTEIN FELLOW NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION RAM DEVANATHAN PACIFIC NORTHWEST NATIONAL LABORATORY KIRK E. LAGORY, PH.D. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE DIVISION JEFFERY DILKS ARGONNE NATIONAL LABORATORY U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY DON LINCOLN SHANNON DUNPHY LAZO FERMI NATIONAL ACCELERATOR LABORATORY PROGRAM MANAGER U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY DEBBIE MAYER U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY PAUL F. FISCHER ARGONNE NATIONAL LABORATORY JULIE MITCHELL UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN BRADLEY G. FRITZ PACIFIC NORTHWEST NATIONAL LABORATORY ANTHONETTE W. PEÑA, NBCT EINSTEIN FELLOW DOUGLAS FULLER NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY KITCHKA PETROVA, PH.D., NBCT DAVID B. GEOHEGAN EINSTEIN FELLOW OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION KOHL S. GILL TORKA S. POET AAAS S&T POLICY FELLOW PACIFIC NORTHWEST NATIONAL LABORATORY U.S. DEPARTMENT OF STATE 2 U.S. Department of Energy Journal of Undergraduate Research http://www.scied.science.doe.gov TECHNICAL REVIEW BOARD TED M. POSTON KAREN SUE STINER ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT DIRECTORATE EINSTEIN FELLOW PACIFIC NORTHWEST NATIONAL LABORATORY U.S. -
Riedel-De Haentm
Riedel-deRdH HaenTM z BBurdickJa + HoneywellHw = PProroductivity 2 & JacksonTM FlkFlukaTM Discover the perfect formula EMEA, Russia & CIS Product Catalog Trusted Supplier of Chemicals and Reagents At Honeywell, we know that working on the cutting edge is never simple. To be successful you need a range of consistent high-quality products, access to flexible solutions, and expert support. That’s why we are committed to providing more high-quality products, custom capabilities and technical help that meet our customers’ requirements. Consistent, High Quality Products Over 200 years of experience and innovation in producing high quality solvents and reagents enables us to reliably manufacture consistent products for every lot we produce. The vast majority of our products are produced in Seelze, Germany or Muskegon, Michigan, USA. Both sites are certified to meet ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 which helps us guarantee the quality and consistency of our products. Customization and Choice We offer a comprehensive and growing range of solvents and reagents, from industry leading brands such as Honeywell Fluka™, Honeywell Support When You Need It Burdick & Jackson™, and Honeywell Riedel-de We take product and customer support Haën™, suitable for use in a broad range of seriously. All of our customer service applications. With our new state-of-the-art representatives are trained to be responsive, distribution centers and extensive network of helpful and knowledgeable about our products. distributor partners, we can now deliver our Whether you want to place an order, track a portfolio to almost anywhere in the world. delivery or simply contact us to ask a question, Because of our global footprint, we are well you will receive a courteous and accurate positioned to listen to our customers and response. -
Recycling of Superfine Resolution Agarose Gel
Recycling of superfine resolution agarose gel T.-Y. Seng1,2, R. Singh3, Q.Z. Faridah2,4, S.-G. Tan4,5 and S.S.R.S. Alwee1 1Federal Land Development Authority Biotechnology Centre, FELDA Agricultural Services Sdn. Bhd., Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 2Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia 3Advanced Biotechnology and Breeding Centre, Malaysian Palm Oil Board, Bandar Baru Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia 4Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia 5Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia Corresponding author: T.-Y. Seng E-mail: [email protected] Genet. Mol. Res. 12 (3): 2360-2367 (2013) Received February 2, 2012 Accepted September 25, 2012 Published March 11, 2013 DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.4238/2013.March.11.1 ABSTRACT. Genetic markers are now routinely used in a wide range of applications, from forensic DNA analysis to marker-assisted plant and animal breeding. The usual practice in such work is to extract the DNA, prime the markers of interest, and sift them out by electrically driving them through an appropriate matrix, usually a gel. The gels, made from polyacrylamide or agarose, are of high cost, limiting their greater applications in molecular marker work, especially in developing countries where such technology has great potential. Trials using superfine resolution (SFR) agarose for SSR marker screening showed that it is capable of resolving SSR loci and can be reused up to 14 times, thus greatly reducing the cost of each gel run. Furthermore, for certain applications, low concentrations of agarose sufficed and switching to lithium borate buffer, instead of the conventional Tris- borate-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid buffer, will further save time and cost. -
Video: Cell Culture Techniques (See Website)
1 of 11 In this module, the structure and operation of different laboratory equipment are shown, for example, centrifugation, chromatography and spectrophotometry. Some laboratory techniques, for example, preparation of buffer, gel electrophoresis and use of laboratory stains are also included. You will find yourself gaining better lab techniques after going through this module. Video: Cell Culture Techniques (see website) A buffer is a solution that can resist the change in pH when limited quantities of acid or base are added to it. It consists of a mixture of a weak acid with its conjugate base, or a weak base with its conjugate acid, at equilibrium. This combination allows the solution to neutralize the added acid/base with the conjugate base/conjugate acid, respectively. However, this characteristic only holds true within the buffer's capacity; exceeding the limit causes significant pH change. A buffer works in balancing the concentrations of acid and base to restore desired equilibrium, a principle which is governed by Le Chatelier's principle. Buffers are necessary in maintaining pH levels to prevent denaturing of proteins, and degradation of pH sensitive biomolecules that allow for biological reactions to occur consistently. - For example, carbonic acid (CH2CO3) and bicarbonate (HCO3 ) are present in blood plasma as a buffer system to maintain a pH level of 7.35-7.45 in the human body for function. When calculating pH, we are determining the negative logarithm of the concentration of protons [H+] in a solution. Strong acid/base HCl - -> H+ + Cl- Strong acid/base dissociates completely when reacted with water. The number of moles of H+ (protons) should be equivalent to the number of moles of H+ in the acid. -
Nucleoside Analogues for Positron Emission Tomography Imaging and to Study Radiation Mediated Generation of Radicals from Azides
Florida International University FIU Digital Commons FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations University Graduate School 6-27-2019 Nucleoside Analogues for Positron Emission Tomography Imaging and to Study Radiation Mediated Generation of Radicals from Azides Maria E. de Cabrera Florida International University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd Part of the Nucleic Acids, Nucleotides, and Nucleosides Commons Recommended Citation de Cabrera, Maria E., "Nucleoside Analogues for Positron Emission Tomography Imaging and to Study Radiation Mediated Generation of Radicals from Azides" (2019). FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 4229. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/4229 This work is brought to you for free and open access by the University Graduate School at FIU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of FIU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY Miami, Florida NUCLEOSIDE ANALOGUES FOR POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY IMAGING AND TO STUDY RADIATION MEDIATED GENERATION OF RADICALS FROM AZIDES A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR IN PHILOSOPHY in CHEMISTRY by Maria de Cabrera 2019 To: Dean Michael R. Heithaus College of Arts, Sciences and Education This dissertation, written by Maria de Cabrera, and entitled Nucleoside Analogues for Positron Emission Tomography Imaging and to Study Radiation Mediated Generation of Radicals from Azides, having been approved in respect to style and intellectual content, is referred to you for judgment. We have read this dissertation and recommend that it be approved. __________________________________________ Raphael Raptis __________________________________________ Kathleen Rein __________________________________________ Jose Almirall __________________________________________ M. -
Thesis Fulltext.Pdf (4.757Mb)
Design, synthesis and testing of β-strand mimics as protease inhibitors . A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Biochemistry at the University of Canterbury by Steve Aitken . University of Canterbury 2006 i TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS i PUBLICATION LIST v ABSTRACT vi ABBREVIATIONS viii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS xi CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1.1: Introduction to peptidomimetics and proteases 1 1.2: Protease inhibitors in the clinic 2 1.3: Importance of the β-strand in protease inhibitor design 5 1.4: Calpain as the prototype protease for the testing of β-strand mimics 8 CHAPTER TWO: DESIGN AND SYNTHESIS OF ACYCLIC β-STRAND MIMICS 2.1: Current calpain inhibitors in the scientific literature 15 2.2: Use of molecular modelling to design β-strand calpain inhibitors 19 2.3: Patentability evaluation 23 2.4: Design, synthesis and testing of N-heterocyclic dipeptide aldehyde 2.5: calpain inhibitors 26 2.5: Conclusions and future work 30 CHAPTER THREE: DESIGN AND SYNTHESIS OF CONFORMATIONALLY CONSTRAINED β-STRAND MIMICS 3.1: Conformational constraint of peptidomimetics 35 3.2: History of RCM 36 3.3: Mechanism elucidation and metathesis catalyst development 37 3.4: The advent of well defined single-component catalysts 39 3.5: Design and synthesis of N-N conformationally constrained SJA analogues 48 3.6: Design and synthesis of β-amino acid C-N carbocycles 53 ii 3.7: Conclusions and future work 60 CHAPTER FOUR: DESIGN AND SYNTHESIS OF MACROCYCLIC β-STRAND MIMICS 4.1: Use of macrocyclisation -
Electrochemical Sensor Development for Fluoride Molten Salt Redox Control
Electrochemical Sensor Development for Fluoride Molten Salt Redox Control THESIS Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Nikolas W. Shay Graduate Program in Mechanical Engineering The Ohio State University 2017 Master's Examination Committee: Jinsuo Zhang, Co-advisor Marat Khafizov, Co-advisor Copyrighted by Nikolas William Shay 2017 Abstract Investment in nuclear technology is experiencing a revitalization as nuclear power becomes uniquely poised to take the burden left by phasing out fossil fuels to meet climate change goals. The United States Department of Energy is investing in research and development of the Fluoride salt-cooled High-temperature Reactor (FHR) with the ultimate goal of a 2030 deployment. One challenge presented by this reactor is corrosion of the reactor’s structural materials by the molten salt due to foreign and generated impurities. These impurities will shift the reduction-oxidation (redox) potential of the salt beyond the equilibrium potential of candidate structural materials, causing accelerated corrosion. This issue demands control of the molten salt’s redox condition in order to prevent unacceptable levels of corrosion. Research has been conducted on methods for redox control and electrochemical measurement techniques. The limited research that has been conducted related to measurement apparatus either lack certain characteristics specific to application for the FHR reactor or appropriate comparison to demonstrate first rate performance. The primary issue presented by an electrochemical sensor for this application is the selection of an appropriate reference electrode. This report investigates candidate reference electrodes with the purpose of identifying a leading candidate and proposing a holistic electrochemical sensor design which possesses high performance, durability, and ii ease of use.