C Ore S Trategy B Ackground P Aper

No. 1

Travel to Work Patterns

(January 2007)

LOCAL DEVELOPMENT LDF FRAMEWORK Core Strategy Background Paper Core Strategy Selby District Local Development Framework Core Strategy Background Paper No.1 Analysis of Travel to Work Patterns **************************************************************************************** Core Strategy Background Paper No.1

Analysis of Travel to Work in Selby District

Contents

Introduction

Analysis Results

Outward Commuting Inward Commuting

Tables

Table A Journeys to Work in the Yorkshire and Humber Region Table B Journeys to Work in the Yorkshire and Humber Region - percentages

Table 1 Outward Work Journeys from SDC Area 1 Table 2 Outward Work Journeys from SDC Area 2 Table 3 Outward Work Journeys from SDC Area 3 Table 4 Outward Work Journeys from SDC Area 4 Table 5 Outward Work Journeys from SDC Area 5

Table 6 Inward Work Journeys to SDC Area 1 Table 7 Inward Work Journeys to SDC Area 2 Table 8 Inward Work Journeys to SDC Area 3 Table 9 Inward Work Journeys to SDC Area 4 Table10 Inward Work Journeys to SDC Area 5

All figures are taken from tables produced by North Yorkshire County Council for Selby District Council, from 2001 Census Workplace and Migration Data

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Introduction

Since the 2001 Census Journey to Work statistics became available in 2004, it has been realised that Selby was unique amongst the Yorkshire and Humber authorities in that almost half (49%) of its population work outside the District. This is 10% higher than the second highest authority (Rotherham). Tables A and B indicate that the number travelling into the District was only 60% of the number travelling out of the District (7449 fewer). Selby’s location as a rural authority with a number of larger towns and cities within easy travelling distance around its periphery explain the high out-commuting but work undertaken by the York and North Yorkshire Partnership Trust1 also shows that Selby District had the longest average journey to work of any District in the York and North Yorkshire sub-region; and the highest proportion of car based commuters. These movement patterns are considered to be relatively unsustainable and a matter which should be addressed through the Core Strategy in order to try to reduce the phenomenon if possible.

The outward commuting patterns provide an indicator of the relative sustainability of areas to receive new housing development - areas with the highest levels of out-commuting are the least sustainable. Secondly, inward commuting patterns aid consideration of the location of new economic development. Areas whose workers have the most localised patterns of journey to work are the most sustainable from the travel to work aspect.

In order to refine the analysis for the purposes of the Core Strategy, the District was divided into 5 geographical areas (See Map), and the patterns of journey to work as recorded in the 2001 Census were analysed for each. The five areas are:

Area 1 Tadcaster and surrounding villages Area 2 Sherburn-in-Elmet and surrounding villages Area 3 North-east Selby villages Area 4 Selby and surrounding villages Area 5 Southern Selby villages

1 Rural Evidence Base for York and North Yorkshire - York and North Yorkshire Partnership Unit **************************************************************************************** Page 2 of 17 January 2007

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**************************************************************************************** Reproduced from the Ordnance Survey mapping with the permission of the controller of Her Majesty’s Stationary Office. ©Crown Copyright. Unauthorised reproductionPage infringe3 of 17s Cro wn copyrig ht and ma y lead t o prosecution or civil proceedings .January Selby District 20 07Council: 100018656

Analysis Results

Out Commuting Tables 1-5 show the outward commuting patterns for the 5 areas. The main features are: • In Areas 1,2,3 and 5 between 55 and 59% of residents work outside the District of Selby. • Area 4 is the most self-contained with only 37.8% of workers travelling outside the District. • Leeds is the most popular work destination from Areas 1 and 2. (57% and 51% respectively of those travelling outside the District) • York dominates Area 3 (57.3%) and Wakefield (48.5%) is the most prominent destination from Area 5. • Area 4 is divided more equally between Leeds and York. (26% and 32% respectively of those travelling outside the District) Conclusion on Outward Commuting Commuting patterns shown by the Census have tended to reinforce previous subjective assessments. However, in the event, the distinctiveness of Area 4, ‘Selby and Adjoining Villages’ area is particularly striking. The Selby area is clearly shown to be the most self-sufficient in terms of homes and jobs - a fact, which reinforces the policies of the Draft Regional Spatial Strategy, in terms of focussing new development in that area. Area 4 Selby is the only one of the 5 areas that could be described as a sustainable location for new housing development in relation to the journey to work factor, as it has a majority of residents living and working within the same area. The other locations do not have a majority of residents even working within the District. Provided the local economy grows in parallel with (and preferably in advance of) new housing growth, the area will provide the most appropriate location for new housing development.

Inward Commuting Tables 6-10 show the inward commuting patterns for the Core Strategy areas. The main features are: • In Areas 1 and 2, a small majority of those working in those areas live within Selby District. The percentages are 57 and 60% respectively. • Employment in Areas 3 and 4 utilises a higher percentages of workers living in Selby District - 68 and 74% respectively*

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Selby District Local Development Framework Core Strategy Background Paper No.1 Analysis of Travel to Work Patterns **************************************************************************************** *It should be noted that these high levels of local participation occur in spite of the fact that in 2001 there were still substantial in- commuting flows from Barnsley, Doncaster and Wakefield Districts to the Selby Mine complex. Those particular movements no longer exist which means that the areas are likely to show higher local worker percentages even though the overall number of jobs may have been reduced. • Area 5 is particularly weak in terms of local worker utilisation with only 39.5% of workers living within Selby District.

Conclusion on Inward Commuting

The inward commuting patterns are a useful indicator when considering the impact of the location of new employment opportunities. The above analysis indicates that, unlike the generally negative impact of new housing on out-commuting trends, other than in Area 4, there is a wider range of relatively sustainable locations for employment development. The in-commuting patterns demonstrate that, other than in Area 5, local industries obtain their workforce primarily from within Selby District, with Area 4, ‘Selby and Adjoining Villages’ demonstrating particularly sustainable characteristics in this regard. Area 4 is the only one where there is also a slight majority of workers living and working in that same area, not just within the District.

The relative sustainability of the five areas as location for new employment development, from a journey to work perspective may be ranked as follows: Areas 4 Very sustainable Area 3 Sustainable Areas 1&2 Fairly Sustainable Area 5 Unsustainable

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Table B

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Origin Area 1 % Total Workforce 5105 Living & Working Area 1 1937 37.94 Working Area 2 117 Working Area 3 15 Working Area 4 60 Working Area 5 9 Working elsewhere in Selby District 201 3.94 Working Outside Selby District 2967 58.12 Working In: Barnsley 15 *0.51 Doncaster 15 0.51 Rotherham 6 0.2 Sheffield 18 0.61 Bradford 42 1.42 Calderdale 6 0.20 Kirklees 30 1.10 Leeds 1685 56.79 Wakefield 129 4.35 Hull 6 0.20 East Riding 45 1.52 N E Lincolnshire 3 0.10 N Lincolnshire 0 0.00 York 690 23.26 Craven 12 0.40 Hambleton 42 1.42 Harrogate 174 5.86 Richmondshire 9 0.30 Rydale 18 0.61 Scarborough 12 0.40