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Rhetorics of Civil Rights Memory in Detroit's Urban Landscape

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Rhetorics of Civil Rights Memory in Detroit's Urban Landscape Wayne State University Wayne State University Dissertations 1-1-2018 Constitutive Memories Of City Space: Rhetorics Of Civil Rights Memory In Detroit’s Urban Landscape Scott itM chell Wayne State University, Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/oa_dissertations Part of the Communication Commons, History Commons, and the Rhetoric Commons Recommended Citation Mitchell, Scott, "Constitutive Memories Of City Space: Rhetorics Of Civil Rights Memory In Detroit’s Urban Landscape" (2018). Wayne State University Dissertations. 2050. https://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/oa_dissertations/2050 This Open Access Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@WayneState. It has been accepted for inclusion in Wayne State University Dissertations by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@WayneState. CONSTITUTIVE MEMORIES OF CITY SPACE: RHETORICS OF CIVIL RIGHTS MEMORY IN DETROIT’S URBAN LANDSCAPE by SCOTT A. MITCHELL DISSERTATION Submitted to the Graduate School of Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY 2018 MAJOR: COMMUNICATION Approved By: ____________________________________ Advisor Date ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS As I reached the finish line on this dissertation and my graduate studies, a friend recently asked me to describe what earning my Ph.D. was like and the challenges that came along with these past four years. When I started the doctoral program at Wayne State, I thought I had this whole process figured out. From classes and teaching to qualifying exams and the dissertation, I thought I knew what I was doing. I could not have been more wrong. As I told my friend, these last few years, particularly during the dissertation-writing phase, were the loneliest, draining, and exhausting times of my life. While we often remind ourselves of clichés during these low points like “It’s a marathon, not a sprint,” “It always seems impossible until its done,” or “The best dissertations are done dissertations,” the truth for me was that this final stage took a toll on me, pushing me to my limits emotionally, mentally, and physically. But in the toughest moments, I have been lucky to have people at my side to pick me up, dust me off, and remind me that I belong here, that I have a place in a field that I love and am passionate about researching and teaching about. To each of you, I am deeply indebted to your support, and want to take this moment to express my gratitude for sacrificing your own time not out of obligation or pity, but from positions of friendship and love. It was your support that got me through this and while my name is the one atop this dissertation, I truly consider this a collective effort. Without you all, none of this would have been possible. I would like to start by thanking the incredible faculty and staff at Wayne State University’s Communication Department. When I look back on my time here, these wonderful people believed in my ideas for both the classroom and my research, strange, as they may have been at times. In particular however, I would like to especially thank the members of my ii dissertation committee, Professors Kelly Young, Kelly Jakes, Anita Mixon, and Danielle McGuire. I also owe a great deal of thanks to Dr. James Cherney for his service during the early points of my dissertation and his thoughtful tutelage as my instructor. To Anita, thank you for agreeing to serve on my committee at such a late stage and most of all, thank you for your advice as I anxiously worked my way through the job market. Wayne State is incredibly lucky to have you and I am sincerely thankful for your willingness to listen to me in times where I felt unsure of myself. My thanks also extend to Dr. McGuire, whose Civil Rights class in my first year changed the direction of my research program and my perspective of history as a whole. While taking Danielle’s Civil Rights class, I realized how little I actually knew about the depth of projects I was passionate about, which while intimidating at first, reminds me that I have a lot of work left to do and that there’s an entire world of history yet to be uncovered. But most of all, Danielle has been the perfect resource to remind me life does not revolve around this career and that balance comes before any project I put on paper or publish in academia. Next, to Dr. Kelly Jakes, I cannot express how fortunate I feel to have had your support these last four years. Since the year we both stepped onto Wayne State’s campus, Kelly Jakes has been a mentor, a role model, and a friend every step of the way. Kelly’s sharp analysis and thoughtful feedback since day one have unquestionably made me a better researcher and for that, I will always admire and appreciate her mentorship. Moreover, Kelly’s uncanny ability to include the term ‘Jaunty’ in research or presentations, and her library of knowledge about French pastries and wine is in my estimation unrivaled and has made for some of the more joyous points of my time here. iii Finally, to Dr. Kelly Young, I must say that I look back on this whole experience, I could not have asked for a better fit as my advisor. My experience at Wayne has been taxing on occasion, and what I admire most about Kelly is his ability to recognize my unique struggles and challenge me to find my own solutions rather than hand me the answers. As an advisor, Kelly’s tutelage has extended the classroom or dissertation, and his guidance has challenged me to see myself as a more independent scholar, an academic citizen, and an agent of change for my students. Kelly’s commitment to this university, the forensics community, and his family that is not only admirable, it is downright incredible. Further, Kelly’s tireless editing as the deadline for this dissertation crept closer is one of the more impressive feats I’ve ever seen in graduate school and I am indebted to him for sacrificing his time for me. As I was leaving Illinois State University, I remember Dr. Z specifically recommending Wayne State more than any other program I was considering because he said Kelly would be the best advisor to help me grow. Four years later and I see Kelly for more than his unfortunate St. Louis Cardinals fandom or his formal role as my advisor. Instead, he is a friend, a role model of what I hope to become one day in this field, and the Obi-Wan Kenobi of my padawan training. So, Jedi master, thank you. At conferences, workshops, and similar gatherings, I received feedback on branches of this project from some of the best and brightest in our discipline. To that end, I would like to thank Dr. Greg Dickinson, Dr. Carole Blair, Dr. Linda Horowitz, Dr. Jason Black, and Dr. Robert DeChaine. Your insightful comments and incredible bodies of work continue to transform my research. Next, I would be remiss if I did not thank my remarkable cohort and colleagues who worked with me in the trenches of Manoogian 508 and suffered through my incessant complaining the last four years. So to Ashleigh, Carrie, Jaclyn, Jade, Jamie, Lukas, Rob, Sarah, iv and Sydney: I owe you one. Most of all, thank you to Jake Nickell. Since our days at Illinois State, Jake and I have assumed connected roles of co-workers, roommates, co-authors, office neighbors, co-teachers, and traveling companions. But most of all, Jake is like my brother. I will be the first to confess that I have been unbearably unpleasant during the final stretch of this process. But Jake recognizes my faults like few can and always works to help me move forward. My gratitude especially goes out to my family and I hope I make all of you proud. Jason, thank you for always being my best friend, for always pushing my mind, and for always being the lone source of joy, laughter, and love in the darkest points of our lives. Above all things, I value our bond. To Michael, I am eternally grateful for your love and support. And to Jess and Maggie, thank you for accepting my brothers for everything they are, I am lucky to have you both as sisters. I also wish to thank my Grandmother, Eileen Mitchell, for your warmth, generosity, ferocity, and wisdom. Grandma, you are absolutely perfect. My earliest memory in life is when I was very young, just learning to read on my own, and I sat on your living room sofa, reading Shel Silverstein’s The Giving Tree aloud. I remember the entire family watching me read, and the happiness I felt when I finished the book and you told me how proud you were of me. I cherish that memory. Since that day, you introduced me to Harry Potter, Barnes and Noble, and the endless possibilities that an education offers. I owe my curiosity to you. To my parents, Kathy and Lloyd, Mom and Dad: I do not have words to express how important you have been in my graduate work and how thankful I am for everything you both do. What a ride it’s been, and how incredible that a dream I told mom when I wasn’t even a teenager has actually come true: I am about to become Doctor Scott Andrew Mitchell. Thank you, Mom for instilling in me sentiments of learning, imagination, and integrity.
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