Introduction
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
1 Introduction This Hand Book in Agriculture with reference to Sikkim 2014-15 provides wide range of data on demographic set up and certain aspects of Agriculture in Sikkim regarding data on Crop Area, Production & Productivity of Agriculture & Horticulture across the State. The book also highlights the progress report on Sikkim Organic Mission and details of Block Administrative Centers along with the no. of Gram Panchayat Units under their Jurisdiction in Sikkim. The idea behind publishing of this book is to highlight the activities of the Department for the benefit of the field functionaries. It may also prove helpful for other Departments & Students enrolling in the field of Agriculture. This book also can be of certain help to the planners of the Department for future reference. Besides these, the extension workers will also have fair knowledge about Sikkim. 2 SIKKIM AT A GLANCE - 2014-15. ADMINSTRATIVE CUM DEMOGRAPHIC SET UP Sikkim India 1. Total Geographical Area 7096 sq. km North 4226 sq.km (59.56%) 32, 87, 263 sq.km. East 954 sq. km. (13.44%) South 750 sq.km (10.57%) West 1166 sq.km (16.43%) Latitude 27.28’ North Longitude 88.89’ East 2. Population 6,10,577 1210.20 million A. Male 3,23,070 623.70 million B. Female 2,87,507 586.50 million 3. Density of Population(per Sq. km) 86 382 4. Literacy (%) 81.40 74.04 Male 86.60 82.14 Female 75.60 65.46 5. No. of Districts 4 6. No. of Sub- division 16 7. No. of Block Administrative Centers 31 8. GPUs 176 9. No. of wards 1,001 HOUSE HOLD NUMBER, OPERATIONAL HOLDING & CATEGORY OF FARMERS. 1. No of Operational holdings 74,928 2. Total Operated Area (Ha) 1,06,682.75 3. Marginal farmer (Below 1.0 Ha) 40,476 54.01% 4. Small Farmer (1.0-2.0 Ha) 16,941 22.60% 5. Medium Farmer (2.0-10.0 Ha) 16,731 22.33% 6. Large Farmer (10.0 & above) 780 1.06% CAPITAL OF SIKKIM IN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER Sl.No. Name Year of Establishment 1. Yuksom 1642 2. Rabdentse 1670 3. Tumlong 1793 4. Gangtok (Present) 1894 3 SIKKIM: PROFILE OF LAND ELEVATION TYPE OF LAND LEVEL OF ELEVATION Lower Hills Altitude ranging from 270 to 1500 mtrs. Mid Hills Altitude ranging from 1500mtrs to 2000 mtrs. Higher Hills Altitude ranging from 2000 mtrs to 3000 mtrs. Alpine Zone Altitude above 3900 mtrs with vegetation. Snow Bound Land Very High Mountains without Vegetation and with Perpetual Snow cover upto 8580 mtrs. 4 LAND USE & STATISTICS 1. Net Area Sown ( Ha) 77,179.41 2. Area under current fallow (Ha) 6,980.50 3. Culturable waste (Ha) 4,230.51 4. Land not available for cultivation (Ha) 10,204.18 5. Fallow other than current fallow (Ha) 4,454.41 CLIMATIC ZONE OF SIKKIM 1. Sub – Tropical Humid (1500m above mean sea level) 2. Semi- Temperate (1500 to 2000m amsl) 3. Temperate (2000 to 3000m amsl) 4. Alpine Snow- Forest (3000 to 4000m amsl) 5. Alpine Meadow or Tundra (above 4000m amsl) 6. Arctic (above 6000m amsl) GLACIERS & LAKES IN SIKKIM 1. No. of Glaciers 21 2. Largest Glacier Zemu Glacier 3. No. of Lakes 150 4. Biggest Lake Gurudongmar Lake SACRED LAKES OF SIKKIM 1. North i. Gurudongmar Lake ii. Cholamu Lake iii. Green Lake 2. East i. Tsongmo Lake 3. South - 4. West i. Khacheodpalri Lake ii. Omechho iii. Lamchho NO. OF BPL HOUSEHOLD & POPULATION Sl.No. District Household Population 1. North 1,382 6,813 2. East 6,755 31,093 3. South 6,508 30,528 4. West 6,973 33,282 Total 21,618 1,01,716 5 AREA, PRODUCTION AND PRODUCTIVITY OF DIFFERENT AGRICULTURAL CROPS FROM 20010-11 TO 2014-15. Area in 000’ha. Production in 000’tonnes Productivity in Kg/ha. CROPS PARTICULARS 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-2015 I. CEREALS 1.PADDY AREA 12.14 12 11.92 11.16 11.04 PRODUCTION 20.97 21.08 21.34 20.26 20.07 PRODUCTIVITY 1727.63 1757 1790.27 1815.74 1817.93 2.WHEAT AREA 2.65 2.5 0.52 0.36 0.39 PRODUCTION 2.71 2.65 0.55 0.38 0.42 PRODUCTIVITY 1022.68 1060 1057.69 1069.44 1066.84 3.MAIZE AREA 40.17 40.17 39.97 39.93 39.88 PRODUCTION 66.19 67.52 67.95 68.825 68.89 PRODUCTIVITY 1647.82 1680.85 1700.03 1723.64 1727.51 4.BARLEY AREA 0.64 0.65 0.59 0.58 0.49 PRODUCTION 0.61 0.63 0.59 0.592 0.50 PRODUCTIVITY 951.1 965.52 1000 1020.69 1031.13 5.B/WHEAT AREA 4.39 5 3.56 3.63 3.69 PRODUCTION 4.06 4.72 3.38 3.49 3.55 PRODUCTIVITY 924.03 945 949.44 961.57 962.60 6.FINGER AREA 3 3.5 2.98 2.96 2.96 MILLET PRODUCTION 2.89 3.45 2.96 2.96 2.97 PRODUCTIVITY 964.33 985.71 993.29 1002.03 1004.39 TOTAL AREA 62.99 63.82 59.54 58.618 58.45 CEREALS PRODUCTION 97.44 100.15 96.77 96.519 96.4 PRODUCTIVITY 1546.91 1569.26 1625.29 1646.58 1649.27 II. PULSES 1.URD AREA 3.7 3.7 3.27 3.28 3.23 PRODUCTION 3.21 3.24 2.91 2.954 2.914 PRODUCTIVITY 867.3 877 890 900.61 902.17 2.OTHER AREA 3 3.08 3.1 3.02 3.03 PULSES PRODUCTION 2.77 2.87 2.92 2.88 2.89 PRODUCTIVITY 922.3 932 941.94 953.64 955.12 TOTAL AREA 6.70 6.78 6.37 6.30 6.26 PULSES PRODUCTION 5.98 6.11 5.83 5.834 5.81 PRODUCTIVITY 892.54 901.18 915.23 926.03 927.80 6 TOTAL FOOD AREA 69.69 70.6 65.91 64.918 64.70 GRAINS PRODUCTION 103.42 106.26 102.6 102.353 102.21 PRODUCTIVITY 1484.00 1505.10 1556.67 1576.65 1579.67 III. OILSEEDS 1.SOYBEAN AREA 4.2 4.2 3.86 3.88 4.06 PRODUCTION 3.75 3.82 3.61 3.673 3.85 PRODUCTIVITY 892.48 910 935.23 946.65 949.01 2.RAPE & AREA 5.26 5.3 4.38 4.07 3.86 MUSTARD PRODUCTION 4.16 4.29 3.5 3.38 3.21 PRODUCTIVITY 791.54 810 799.09 831.45 832.38 TOTAL AREA 9.46 9.50 8.24 7.95 7.92 OILSEEDS PRODUCTION 7.91 8.11 7.11 7.053 7.07 PRODUCTIVITY 836.15 853.68 862.86 887.17 892.17 7 GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION UNDER AREA OF FIELD CROPS (2010-15) 45 40 35 30 25 2010-11 20 2011-12 AREA AREA IN 000' HA. 2012-13 2013-14 15 2014-15 10 5 0 8 GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION UNDER PRODUCTION OF FIELD CROPS (2010-15) 80 70 60 50 2010-11 40 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 30 PRODUCTION PRODUCTION IN 000'TONNES 2014-15 20 10 0 9 GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION UNDER PRODUCTIVITY OF FIELD CROPS (2010-15) 2000 1800 1600 1400 1200 2010-11 1000 2011-12 2012-13 800 2013-14 PRODUCTIVITY PRODUCTIVITY IN KG/HA. 2014-15 600 400 200 0 10 SEED PROCESSING UNIT The Food security and Agriculture Dev. Department have one seed processing Unit at Majitar and one at Jorethang (South). It is the routine work of the Department that seed processing is done throughout the year. Seed processing is an important phase of certification process and is responsible for upgrading seed quality by removing foreign materials, inert matter, and undersized seeds off sized and deteriorated and damaged seeds and by improving the planning condition of the seed. IMPROVED VARIETIES BEING USED IN SIKKIM CROPS VARIETIES PADDY PD-10, PD-12,PD-16,PD-18 VL-82,VL-206 VL-85, VL-209,VL-65 CAU-R1,CAUR3,CAU-R4 KRH-II (Hybrid) Ns-27 (Pvt) MAIZE C1415, DMH-849,NAVJOY (COMPOSITE) APARANJI (COMP) HQPM- 5,VIVEK-QPM-9 / NMH-51(Pvt) SOYBEAN PK-1042,PK-1024,VLSOYA-47, VL-SOYA -BHATT BLACKBOLD RAJMASH VARUN, JWALA, HARC, BOMDILA, KINNAURI, MUSTARD PUSA BOLD, PUSA AGRANI B-9 URAD SK-PD-3 FINGER MILLET GPU-28, MR-1, INDAF-7 AND 9 11 SEED PROCUREMENT External Source 2014-15. SL. Name of Variety Ouantity in Source of Seed Type of Sector No. Crop Qtls 1. Paddy PD-12/PD-18/CAUR-I 718.56 NSC Public Sector 2. Soyabean PS-1024/1042/1029/ 450.00 NSC -do- Black Bold/VL-47 3. Millet GPU-28/MR-I 180.00 NSC -do- 4. Rajma Bongdilla/Varun 200.00 NSC -do- 5. Maize NMH-51 345.00 Nirmal Seed PVT. Private Sector Ltd. (Private Sector) 6. Mustard B-9 30.00 NSC Public Sector TOTAL 1923.56 Internal Source: 2014-15 Sl. No. Name of Crop Variety Quantity in Qtls. Supplied by 1. Paddy PD-12/PD_16/PD- 330.94 Registered Grower 18/CAUR-I/VL-82 2. Rajma Jwala/Varun/Chakrata 219.16 -do- 3. Maize Swan-composite 4.65 -do- 4. Soyabean Blackbold/VL-47 33.663 -do- 5. Millet GPU-28/MR-I/Indef-7 40.87 -do- 6. Paheli Dal SKPD-3 39.77 -do- 7. Buckwheat Meethey 92.52 -do- 8. Mustard B-9 0.43 -do- 9.