International Academic Journal of Applied Bio-Medical Sciences ISSN Print : 2709-328X | ISSN Online : 2709-3298 Frequency : Bi-Monthly Language : English Origin : Kenya Website : https://www.iarconsortium.org/journal-info/iajabms Review Article

The Relationship between Pituitary Dysfunctions and T3

Article History Abstract: 20 samples were collected from patients in the . The aim Received: 22.01.2021 of this research was to take a measurement of the T3 levels in blood of Revision: 9.02.2021 patients with the pituitary gland and investigate the severity of the manifestations Accepted: 22. 02.2021 of disorders in patients with pituitary gland All the necessary Published: 10.03.2021 requirements and medical tests were performed to know the emerging relationship Author Details between the pituitary gland and and the method was depend on The VIDAS (T3) test is planned for use on the instruments of the VIDAS family Aldujaili Hussein Ali Khadim (VITEK Immunodiagnostic Assay System) as a mechanized catalyst connected Authors Affiliations fluorescent immunoassay for the quantitative assurance of (T3) Students Master at Yanka Kupala (Grodno fixation in serum or plasma (heparin) It is expected for use as a guide in the State University), Belarus determination and treatment of thyroid issues like . Corresponding Author* Keywords: Hyperthyroidism, triiodothyronine, VIDAS, . Aldujaili Hussein Ali Khadim How to Cite the Article: Ali Khadim, A.H. (2021). The INTRODUCTION relationship between pituitary dysfunctions and T3. The thyroid hormone is well known for controlling metabolism, Int Aca. J App Biomed Sci. 2(2) 1-6. growth, and many other body functions. The thyroid gland, anterior Copyright @ 2021: This is an open-access article pituitary gland, and comprise a self-regulatory circuit distributed under the terms of the Creative called the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis. The main hormones Commons Attribution license which permits produced by the thyroid gland are thyroxine or tetraiodothyronine (T4) unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium for non commercial use and triiodothyronine (T3). Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) from (NonCommercial, or CC-BY-NC) provided the hypothalamus, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) from the anterior original author and source are credited. pituitary gland, and T4 work in synchronous harmony to maintain a proper feedback mechanism and homeostasis. Hypothyroidism, caused by an underactive thyroid gland, typically manifests as bradycardia, cold intolerance, constipation, fatigue, and weight gain. In contrast, hyperthyroidism caused by increased thyroid gland function manifests as weight loss, heat intolerance, diarrhea, fine tremor, and muscle weakness.

Iodine is an essential trace element absorbed in the small intestine. It is an integral part of T3 and T4. Sources of include iodized table salt, seafood, seaweed, and vegetables. Decreased iodine intake can cause iodine deficiency and decreased thyroid hormone synthesis. Iodine deficiency can cause cretinism, goiter, myxedema coma, and hypothyroidism.

Regulation of thyroid hormone starts at the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus releases thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) into the hypothalamic-hypophyseal portal system to the gland. TRH stimulates thyrotropin cells in the anterior pituitary to the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). TRH is a peptide hormone created by the cell bodies in the p