:x^'' © Copyright Australian Museum, 2000 Records of the Australian Museum (2000) Vol. 52: 137-149. ISSN 0067-1975

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A New Species of (Crustacea: : ) from the Cape d'Aguilar Marine Reserve, Hong Kong

LI LI

The Swire Institute of Marine Science, Department of Ecology and Biodiversity, The University of Hong Kong, Cape d'Aguilar, Shek O, Hong Kong [email protected]

ABSTRACT. A new species of sphaeromatid isopod, Dynoides daguilarensis n.sp., is described from intertidal black mussel {Septifer virgatus) beds in the Cape d'Aguilar Marine Reserve, Hong Kong. This species has been previously misidentified as D. serratisinus and D. dentisinus. It is characterized by a pleotelsonic apex with an open, sub-parallel slit, both edges of which are serrated from the bottom to the two sides of the apex; uropod endopods which are sub-apically notched externally; and a tubercle on the ventral side of the pleonal process. The composition of Dynoides and its relationships to Ciianella are reviewed. A revised composition of Dynoides with a key to the species is provided.

LI, LI, 2000. A new species of Dynoides (Crustacea: Isopoda: Sphaeromatidae) from the Cape d'Aguilar Marine Reserve, Hong Kong. Records of the Australian Museum 52(2): 137-149.

In this paper, Dynoides daguilarensis n.sp. is described from Dynoides Barnard, 1914 the Cape d'Aguilar Marine Reserve, Hong Kong. The new Dynoides Barnard, 1914: 407; Nierstrasz, 1931:198; Pillai, 1954: species is common in the intertidal beds of the black mussel, 11; Loyolae Silva, 1960: 91; Pillai, 1965: 79, 80; Bruce, 1980: Septifer virgatus. This contribution is part of an ongoing 199, 208, 210; Iverson, 1982: 250; Bruce, 1982; 447; Harrison study of the biology—including population dynamics, & Holdich, 1984: 370. reproductive biology and behaviour of this species. Because Paradynoides Loyola e Silva, 1960: 101. of similarities with other species of Dynoides, this species Dynoidella Pillai, 1965: 78. Dynoidella Nishimura, 1976: 275; Bruce, 1980: 199; Iverson, has been wrongly identified in the past. More descriptive 1982: 250; Bruce, 1982: 447 (non Dynoidella Pillai, 1965). information on the species is needed. A key to all species in Ciianella Boone, 1923:152; Menzies & Glynn, 1968: 58; Iverson, the is also presented. 1982: 250; Harrison & Holdich, 1984: 363. 138 Records of the Australian Museum (2000) Vol. 52

Type species. Dynoides serratisinus Barnard, 1914. as the endopod and strongly reflexed. Bruce has concluded that the generic name Clianella should be suppressed and Generic diagnosis. Cephalon broader than long; mandible that Dynoides, a genus with an unambiguous definition, with highly-ridged molar process, all pereopods with one should be used for the taxon (Bruce, pers. comm.). Dynoides strong secondary unguis on the dactyl. Clypeus in inverted is polymorphic for the pleonal process character. V-shape; lobes of labium slightly rounded, distal portion The author agrees with this interpretation and supports strongly setose. Maxillipeds with 2nd, 3rd and 4th segments Bruce's conclusions. All species of Clianella can be of palps inwardly produced. Anterior pereopods without placed in Dynoides. natatory setae, ventral margins more strongly setulose. Pereopodal coxal margins with membrane-like setae. Penes Composition of Dynoides. Eighteen species of the fused along proximal half of length. Appendix masculina sphaeromatid isopod genus Dynoides Barnard, 1914 are elongate, twice as long as endopod, strongly reflexed. Pleon known to date. Clianella globicauda (Dana, 1853) has been with or without median dorsal process. Pleotelson in form placed variously in Dynamenella Hansen or Exosphaeroma of bilobed dome, convex in centre, flat near margins and Stebbing (Harrison & Holdich, 1984). Its identity remains apex; apex with variable slit to sinus, notch or foramen, unknown (Bruce, pers. comm.), and it is excluded here. with or without denticulate sides, with or without small inwardly directed, lobe at anterior end projecting into slit. Dynoides amblysinus Pillai, 1954: 11 (n.comb. Clianella Uropods with both rami broad and lamellar, subequal in amblysina)—from India. length extending some distance beyond pleotelson; exopod Dynoides artocanalis Nunomura, 1997:73—^from the intertidal folded at right angle to plane of uropod. Ovigerous female zone of Tachibana Bay, Tokushima Prefecture, Japan. with brood pouch formed from three pairs of oostegites Dynoides barnardi Baker, 1928:56—from the coast of New arising from pereonites 2, 3 and 4, overlapping well in the South Wales, Australia. midline. Female with exopod of pleopod 3 segmented. Dynoides brevicornis Kussakin & Malyutina, 1987: 51— Uropods lamellar, not extending beyond pleotelson. from Furugelm Island, Bochkov Cape, lower horizon of Pleotelsonic apex with posterior, simple, rounded dome. the rocky intertidal among Laminaria and Costaria; Eastern Cape of Severnaya Bay; Sivuchia Bay, Cape Relationships of Dynoides to Clianella. The question Ostrovok, Falshivigi, Russia. of whether or not the absence of a pleonal process should Dynoides brevispinaBruce, 1980:119—from Japan (Kwon, be regarded as a critical feature separating Dynoides 1990: 174) and Korea. (Barnard, 1914) from Clianella (Boone, 1923) has been Dynoides castroi Loyola e Silva, 1960: 91 (n.comb. much discussed. Clianella castroi)—from Brazil. Harrison & Holdich (1984) argued that the presence or Dynoides crenulatus Carvacho & Haasmann, 1984: 23— absence of pleonal processes is an important character from the Pacific coast of Mexico. separating Dynoides from Clianella, and should be Dynoides daguilarensis n.sp.—from Hong Kong. considered a consistent generic character, thereby upholding Shen, 1929: 65—from Peidaiho, Clianella Boone, with four species: C. amblysina (Filial, China, below low tide mark, Japan (Nunomura & 1954), C. castroi (Loyola e Silva, 1960), C. elegans (Boone, Nishimura, 1976: 21; Bruce, 1980: 200) and Korea 1923) and C. globicauda (Dana, 1853). The only (Kwon, 1990: 174). distinguishing character for Clianella is the absence of a Dynoides elegans (Boone, 1923: 152) n.comb., {Clianella pleonal process, an apomorphic character state which exists elegans)—from California. in varying degrees of development in mature males, from Dynoides harrisoni Kussakin & Malyutina, 1993: 1175— absent to elongate (Bruce, pers. comm.). In some species from the intertidal zone of Kat-Ba Island, Gulf of of Dynoides, e.g., D. brevispina Bruce, D. brevicornis Tonkin, South China Sea. Kussakin & Malyutina, D. saldanai Carvacho & Haasmann Dynoides hoonsooi Kwon, 1990: 180—from Korea. and D. hoonsooi Kwon, all of which have a very short, wide Dynoides indicus Miiller, 1991: 313—from a sabellariid reef or blunt pleonal process or it cannot be termed a process in in Sri Lanka. D. hoonsooi. Thus, intermediate stages exist (Bruce, pers. Dynoides longisinus Kwon, 1990: 175—from Korea. comm.). The ontogenic evidence also suggests that the Dynoides saldanai Carvacho & Haasmann, 1984:27—from dorsal process is absent in juvenile males and therefore Puerto Escondido, Pacific coast of Mexico. immature individuals of the two "genera" cannot be Dynoides serratisinus Bamard, 1914: 407—^from Shepstone, differentiated (Bruce, pers. comm.). These two taxa, Natal, South Africa, in the low intertidal. however, share some unique characters such as a Dynoides spinipodus Kwon & Kim, 1986: 43—from the pleotelsonic slit that may or may not have an anterior lobe south coast of Korea. and internal teeth; a penial process basally fused for half its Dynoides viridis Bruce, 1982: 447—from Heron Island, length and an appendix masculina elongate, twice as long Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Li Li: a new species of Dynoides 139

A key to the known species of Dynoides