WAGON TRACKS

S:r~N ~ A I ~ i:~IL !=~sso~=:= r~F \~/SI E ~ i ~ ; ~ VOLUME 3 NOVEMBER 1988 NUMBER 1 NATIONAL TRAILS 1989 DUES DUE SOON JOINT MEETING WITH CONFERENCE REPORT Those who have not already sub­ OCTA DISCUSSED SFTA representatives Ruth Olson mitted SFTA dues for 1989 will During the recent Western His­ find that their membership ex­ and Bonita Oliva attended the Na- . tory Association annual confer­ Fo~yourco~­ tional Trails Conference,hosted pires Dec. 31.1988. ence in Wichita, members of OCTA Nation~l Sce~ic venience, a membershIp form IS and SFTA broached the possibility by the Ice Age enclosed in this issue. You may Trail near Hartland, WIsconsIn, of a joint meeting of the two trail want to avoid the post-holiday­ Sept. 27-30. John Leamon, mem­ groups, perhaps atIndependence, season ru'sh and send your dues ber of OCTA and SFTA, was there MO. after the' new Three Trails now. If you have already paid for and filed a report. David Gaines Centeris completedthere. Althou­ ~e 1989, use the form to recruit a new gh many details must be worked and J ere Krakow of Santa.Fe member. There is strength in num­ National Historic Trad Planmng out if such a meeting is to occur, bers and SFTA will only be as Team also attended. There were and the proposed gathering is four strong as its membership. We about 75 participants present, or more years down the road don't want to lose anyone and representing many of the 16 Na­ because each group has already treasure yourmembership. Please tional Scenic and National Histor­ scheduled meetings several renew by Jan. 1. Thank you. ic trails throughout the US; in­ years in advance. the idea has cluding the IditarodNational His­ received an enthusiastic re­ toric Trail, Alaska. This was the SPNHT UPDATE sponse from some board members of bothgroups. Views ofmembers, first annual conference to bring The Santa Fe National Historic National Scenic Trail and National pro and con, should be sentto the Trail Planning Team, headed by Historic Trail groups together. respective presidents of the as­ John Paige, has completed most sociations. If interestpersists, a The conference was sponsored of the field work. and the new by the National Park Service, Bur­ joint committee will likely be for­ maps of the route and the propos­ med to pursue arrangements. eau of Land Management, and the ed management and use plan are Forest Service. The purpose was expected to be circulated for pu~­ to bring people together from the lic review in February 1989. AddI­ FRANKLIN OR BUST federal agencies and the private tional public meetings will be SEEKS NEW CENTER sector to increase awareness of scheduled to gatherfurther infor­ At a mass meeting in New Frank­ the National Trails System and to mation at that time. To obtain a improve communication through copy of the Santa Fe Trail Com­ lin, MO, on September 15, Franklin the exchange of ideas on promo­ prehensive Management and Use or Bust, Inc.• was formed as a tion funding, and liability. A ses­ Plan. contact David Gaines, Na­ private. non-profit, civic group to sior: was held on working with tional Park Service, Southwest preserve and commemorate Frank­ private landowners to secure Region, Branch ofTrails, P. O. Box lin as the starting point of the rights-of-way, and there was a 728, Santa Fe, NM 87504-0728. Santa Fe Trail. H. Denny Davis of "how to" session on lobbying. Fayette, MO. was elected presi­ Appointments to the SFNHT Advi­ dent and the new group immedi­ Information was pr.esented by sory Council were being announ­ panels of. representatives from atel; joined SFTA as an institu­ ced by Sec. of Interior Donald tional member. both National Scenic and National Hodel as WT was going to press. Historic trails, from the sponsor­ A list of council members will be The immediate goal of Franklin ing federal agencies, and from the included in the nextissue. A logo or Bust is to persuade the National Nature Conservancy. American has been designed to mark the Park Service and the Missouri . Farmland Trust, and the Sierra historic trail. featuring a freight State Division of Parks and His- . Club. wagon pulled by oxen. Any toric Sites to place the main During the last day a session suggestions for the planningteam federal-state cooperative inter­ was held to set goals for the fu­ maybe sentto JohnPaige, Nation­ pretive center for the eastern end ture of the National Trails System al Park Service. Denver Service of the Santa Fe Trail at Franklin and to formulate recommended ac­ Center, P. O. Box 25287, Denver, instead of at another location tions on the issues discussed CO 80225-0287. which was proposed. during the conference. A steering This initiative was decided committee was named to explore Because of operator error, upon because it was learnedthat the possiblity of a second confer­ some mailing labels were mis­ the state parks division already ence in 1989, to be held near a printed for the May 1988issue owns a 5.5-acre tract. above the National Historic Trail. The com­ of WAGON TRACKS (Vol. II, No. flood plain. only two blocks froCll mittee will also considerthe for­ 3). If you did not receive that where the courthouse square mation of a National Trails or­ issue, please notify the editor stood in the original town of ganization. and a copy will be sent. Franklin. At that historic court- (continued on page 13) (continued on page 2) PRESIDENT'S COLUMN UD ALL TO KEYNOTE a report of its findings and Thank goodness the summer is prepare an exhibit relating to the StewartL. Udall has justaccept­ discovery. The remains of those over! Owing to my full schedule ed an invitation to deliver the Confederate dead, some as young this one was particularly hectic. keynote address at the next Santa as 15 years, will have a final rest­ I made about twenty appearances Fe Trail Symposium, September ing place of honor in Santa Fe if in five different states, speaking 29, 1989, in Santa Fe. His speech not back at the battlefield. on various aspects of the Trail. will be given at the SweeneyCon­ That included the rededication of vention Center near the main The Battle of Glorieta Pass was a DAR marker and one of the Pion­ plaza at 7:30 p.m. and will be the most important Civil War en­ eer Mother statues. open to the public. gagement on the Santa Fe Trail. The controversy between Texas But it was all worth it, because Udall was elected to the U.S. and New Mexico over the fate of House of Representatives and in everywhere I was able to observe the remains has been called "the 1961 was appointed Secretary of the keen interest in the Santa Fe second Battle of Glorieta Pass." Trail on the part of our members Interior by PresidentKennedy and and the general public. That was reappointed by President J ohn­ reflected in the formation of our son. He is a dedicated conserva­ FRANKLIN OR BUST first two chapters, one combining tionist and author ofthe environ­ (continued from page 1) members in Colorado, Kansas, Ok­ mental classic The Quiet Crisis. house square, now long-since lahoma, and New Mexico, and the His newest book is the highly vanished, the Boonslick Road other in Texas, and movement to­ praised To the Inland Empire, from St.Charles ended and the ward forming others in Council Coronado and Our Spanish Lega­ Santa Fe Trail began. Grove and Ulysses, Kansas. cy. In its pages. the authortraces Franklin or Bust, Inc.. includes The National Park Service is al­ Coronado's route across the plains and includes numerous members from Howard and Cooper so making strides in developing counties and from the cities of its management plan for the Trail. references to the later Santa Fe Trail. ' Franklin, New Franklin, Fayette. A handsome logo for the NPS signs Glasgow, Armstrong, and Boon­ to be installed on the Trail has Udall's address will amplify the ville. The Franklin site has been been selected, with consultation themes of the Symposium, which endorsed by the Boonville Cham­ of SFTA members. Several of our are "Trails That Tie Us Together" ber of Commerce, the Howard members, led by Greg Franzwa, and "Hispanic Culture at the End County Commission, and the met for two days in Santa Fe dur­ of the Santa Fe TraiL" mayors of Boonville, New Frank­ ing September to review the offi­ lin, and Franklin. The new organ­ cial maps of the Trail to be used FATE OF CONFEDERATE ization has started a petition in the plan. SOLDIERS DECIDED drive to gather signatures from And speaking of Greg. in rapid people who want the proposed succession he has produced three The Museum of New Mexico re­ location reconsidered. There has beautiful Trail books through his gents voted unanimously to rein­ been considerable newspaper Patrice Press of St. Louis. They ter in New Mexico the remains of space devoted to the new group are noted elsewhere in this issue. 31 Confederate soldiers exhumed and its efforts. The organization These splendid titles should at­ from their Civil War battlefield is seeking statewide membership tract even more people to a ser­ graves at Glorieta lastyear. Alth­ and support. Anyone interested ious study ofourfavorite historic ough Texas Gov. William Cle­ may contact Franklin or Bust, Trail. All members should make a ments requested that the remains Inc., P. O. Box 32, Fayette, MO , point 9f acquiring these books be returned to Texas, from which '65248-0032. and urging their local libraries to the soldiers originated, the. get copies. Hats off to Greg! regents decided that the skeletal Wagon Tracks is the official publication remains would be reinterred at of the Santa Fe Trail Association, a non­ I intend to adopt a low profile profit organization incorporated under the this winter and stay close to the Santa Fe's National Cemetery af­ laws of the State of Colorado. Letters are ter museum researchers complete welcome, but they become the property typewriter, in order to finish a of WT and may be edited or abridged at book I have due at the University their investigations. the editor's discretion. All rights reserved. The motion also requests that inquiries can be directed to the approp(iate of Oklahoma' Press. But I won't be addresses below. Annual subscriptions are far from the doings of the Trail, federal officials consider trans­ obtained through membership in the As­ especially the on-going planning ferring those remains from the sociation, whose dues are fixed per calen­ dar year. Checks should be made payable for next year's Symposium. cemetery to the site of the Battle to the santa Fe Trail Association and sent The winter months are a good of Glorieta Pass if the battlefield to the secretary-treasurer. time for reading. So I urge all of becomes a national historic site. Membership Categori.a L.egislation to achieve that sta­ Benelactor $1,000 you to include a few Trail books Patron $100/year on your "To Be Read" list. tus, introduced by Sen. Jeff Bin­ Institutional $25/year ,-Marc Simmons gaman (D-NM) and Rep. Bill Rich­ Family $15/yea r ardson (D-NM) in 1987, failed to Individual $10/year receive approval but will be in­ Editor. Leo E, Oliva, RR 1, Box 31, Woodston, JOY POOLE HONORED KS 67675 troduced again. Albuquerque his­ Pr.aident Marc Simmons, Box 51, Cerrillos, SFTA Director Joy Poole receiv­ torian Don Alberts, president of NM 87010 ed a Certificate of Commendation the Glorieta Battlefield Preserva­ Vice-Preaident Joseph W. Snell, 630 Walnut tion Society, expects the site to Lane, Topeka, KS 66617 from the American Association for Secretary-Treaaurer. Ruth Olson, Santa Fe State and Local History in Sept. receive historic statuswithin the Trail Center, RR 3, Larned, KS 67550 for promoting the Santa Fe Trail. next two years, and he especially 1989 Sympoaium Coordinator. Adrian Bus­ requested the regents to keep the tamante, Santa Fe Community College, P. She organized the first Santa Fe O. Box 4187, Santa Fe, NM 87502-4187 Trail Symposium at Trinidad in remains in New Mexico. Publicity Coordinator. Michael' E. Pitel, Tano 1986 at which SFTA was founded. When research is finished, the Rd., At. 4, Box 240, Santa Fe, NM 87501 Cong:-atulations Joy! <1 Museum of New Mexico will issue -2- MADONNA STATUES CAf\10NCITO DEDICATION REDEDICATED On the afternoon of Sept. 17 a The Daughters of the American crowd about 50 people gathered Revolution (DAR) are rededicating at Caffoncito on the Trail 15 miles the twelve Madonna of the Trail east of Santa Fe to dedicate two statues in the U.S. which were markers. One was a new official erected and dedicated sixtyyears New Mexico State Highwaymarker ago. Four of these magnificent whose text recounts important statues, honoring the role ofpio­ events that occurred at this site neer women inthe greatwestward on the Santa Fe Trail. movement, were on the Santa Fe The other was the long lost Trail at Lexington, MO, Council Caffoncito DAR marker thatdisap­ Grove, KS, Lamar, CO, and Albu­ peared from this location some querque, NM. The othereightwere time in the 1940s. It was dis­ located at Bethesda, MD, Wash­ covered last year in an Albuquer­ ington, PA, Wheeling, WV, Spring­ que back yard. SFTAmember John field, OH, Richmond, IN, Vandalia, Hunner moved the 300-pound IL, Springersville, AZ, and Up­ stone to Santa Fe until it could land, CA. be restored to its original site. Rededication ceremonies were Mike Pitel of the New Mexico scheduled on the sixtieth an­ State Tourism Dept., who is also niversary of the original dedica­ pubilicity coordinator for SFTA. tion (Council Grove on Sept. 7, presided over the roadside cer­ Lexington on Sept. 17, Lamar on emonies. State Historian Robert Sept.. 24, and Albuquerque on Torrez and SFTA President Marc Scene at the rededication of Sept. 27). At Lamar SFTA member Madonna of the Trail statue at Simmons spoke. Mrs. Blanche Mary B. Gamble was chairman of Lamar, CO, Sept. 24, 1988. (Photo Goldsmith, State Regent of the the event and spoke at the cere­ by Leo E. Gamble.) New Mexico DAR, cut the ribbon monies at Santa Fe Railway Park rededicating the restored marker about the Santa Fe National His­ and introduced the many DAR toric Trail. At Albuquerque SFTA officers and members who were President Marc Simmons was the present. featured speaker atthe rededica­ For those traveling the Santa Fe tion in McClellan Park. He noted Trail, these markers canbe found that these 10-foot, 5-tonPioneer at the end of the westbound off­ Mother statues, showing a woman ramp, at exit 294 on 1-25. Abrief dressed in a homespun dress and history of the place is given on boots with a baby in one armand page 187 of Simmons's guide­ a musket inthe otherwith a yOung book. boy clinging to her skirt, is a reminder "of the contribution of the women ofAmerica to the build­ ing of this nation." He praisedthe DAR for honoring women with "a truly heroic statue." The New Mexico Madonna Statue was originally to be placed inthe Kathy Self, Springfield, CO, vice­ Santa Fe Plaza at the end of the regent of Fort William Bent Chapter, Santa Fe Trail. Because local DAR, models a "Madonoa of the politics intervened, with some· Trail" dress as she holds her arguing that the statue was not "baby." Mary B.Gamble, Springfield, appropriate on the plaza, Albu­ chairman of the event, portrays a querque took advantage of the op­ traveler of 1866. Mark Gardner, portunity to obtain the statue for Trinidad, Is director of the Bloom/ one of its parks. Baca and Pioneer Museum. Mrs. Gamble and Gardner are both SFTA Mary Moorehead of Santa Fe, charter members. (Photo by Leo E. author of a book-length manu­ Gamble.) script on her great-aunt (Clara Blinn) who was captured by father had a love affair with the Indians in Colorado in 1868 and automobile, and in 1916 he, my died along with her captive son grandmother, my mother, and two during Custer's attack on Black other families camped and patch­ Kettle's village on the Washita ed tires along the Trail, through River later that year, shared the Lamar and over Raton Pass onthe following story with SFTAAmbas­ way to California. My grandmother sador Paul Bentrup, who kindly didn't mention her sister [Clara sent it to WT. It seems appro­ Blinn] on that trip or any journey Mrs. Blanche Goldsmith, State priate to include this story here. until the DAR put up the statue, Regent of the New Mexico DAR, ''The Blinns went west to a stage and then she stood before it and cuts the ribbon at September tears rolled down her cheeks. For rededication ceremonies at Canon­ station near Lamar, and Clara was cito. captured there in 1868. My grand- her, it. was Clara."

The excellent article on the Cimarron Crossing by J esse Scott, Jr. (February 1988 Wagon Tracks) o Uayam brings to mind twomore crossings of the Arkansas River that were used by early travelers to and from Santa. Fe. One of these is located near the mouth of Walnut Creek at Great Bend, the other below Great Bend near the mouth of Rattlesnake Creek. The latter is probably the crossingmention­ ed inScott's article thatwas used by William Becknell in 1822. It was a major crossing pointofthe o Etzanoa river that was old in 1822, and Great Settlement it is possible that Becknell had a map showing its location. Now, it may sound odd to say that the ford was old in the second year of use of the Santa FeTrail, but there is ample evidence for this. Long before the Santa Fe ~e/ Trail proper came into use, a net­ <{.oo/ work of Indiantrails crisscrossed 't!l ,/ the plains, and many early Span­ ~e /' ~f>. /' ish, French, and Americantravel­ "../' Cochpane ers used them. The crossing atthe mouth of Rattlesnake Creek was -;guacapac~ g~ ~Chizca in use as early as 1601 and ___ - - _ provided a ford of the river for a trail that led south into present Osan Gabriel salina ~~ OYahulcacha Oklahoma and east to the present . Ahaccache Ahaccapa~. Kansas City area. xuhuani ca The crossing is depicted onthe Miguel map of 1602 (Map 1). Map 1: Miguel Map Miguel was a Plains Indian taken to Mexico by the Juan de Oerate Kansas. Other trails, streams, and expedition. He drew a crude map settlements are shown. for the Spaniards that depicts A second map showing th.e Quiviran and other settlements in crossing was published by what are now Kansas and Ok­ Zebulon Montgomery Pike. It re­ lahoma (Vehik 1986). They are flects information gathered dur­ shown in relationship to Derate's ing his 1806 expedition through route from San Gabriel, NewMex­ Kansas. It is this map that Wil­ ico, to Quiviran settlements inthe liam Becknell might have used in vicinity of presentArkansas City, 1822; others, including the Mc­ Kansas. Knight party of 1812, definitely The river that runs diagonally had used it to reach this pointon across the Miguel map is clearly the river. the Arkansas, and the Great Set­ On this Pike map, the ford is tlement is near the mouth of the labeled the "Kansa Crossing." Walnut River. The lower river is "Great Osage" and "Little Osage" probably the Salt Fork of the Ar­ crossings are shown below the kansas. Map 2 shows an interpre­ site of present Wichita. The tation of the Miguel map interms Wichita tribe had moved south 1. Big Salt Marsh of modem place names and ar­ sometime during the period from 2. Pike's Kansa Ford chaeological sites. 1680 to 1718. This left their for­ 3. Saxman site, Rice County The Miguel map shows a north­ mer homeland, which was prime 4. Country Club Site, Cowly County south trail thatruns from the Great bison-hunting territory, open for 5. Great Salt Plain Salt Plain in Oklahoma past the use by othertribes, and the Kansa Great Salt Marsh in Kansas to the and Osage both took advantage of Map 2: Miguel Map Interpretation Arkansas River and then northeast this. to a village named Tancoa. The The Walnut Creek crossing also formation received from some latter is presumably one of the shows up on another Pike map. French fur traders, Polite Cardi­ Quiviran settlements visited by This one was drawn by Pike prior nal, Joseph Marie Cardinal, and Coronado in the vicinity of Lyons, to the expedition and drew on in- a Tibeau or Fibeau. The original -4- N

20 L.

XA rocky cave in which 500 men might sleep

Map 3: Pike Map map shows a trail from the Platte From the Walnut Creek crossing, At the same time, however, this River in Nebraska to Santa Fe and the trail is shown following the kind of study can lead to further provides information about dis­ south bank of the river to another mysteries. The second Pike map tances and stream crossings. The ford. The second, western cross­ depicts a cave on the north bank version shown here (Map 3) has ing between the Smoky Hill and of the Arkansas a bit to the west been rotated so that north is at the Arkansas reaches the latter of the crossing, and the label the top, and some ofthe captions stream at the same point and says "a rocky cave in which 500 have been omitted for elarity. crosses it. This must be one of men might sleep." Pawnee Rock is Two alternate routes are shown the Cimarron crossings of the Ar­ in the general location indicated, for part of the journey, between kansas, as the trail runs south­ but no other sources make men­ the Smoky Hill and the Arkansas. west from there to the settlements tion of any large cave in the area. The Cheyenne Bottoms are depict­ of New Mexico. WilliamBecknell, Perhaps Pike misunderstood his ed on the map, with the eastern in 1822, probably followed the informants; perhaps they misin­ route running past the western south bank of the Arkansas frOm formed him. edge of the Bottoms. this is the Rattlesnake Creek crossingto precisely the route- ofthe Pawnee the Walnut Creek crossing and SOURCES Trail that came down from the then merely followed this trail to Santa Fe. Donald Jackson and Mary Lou Spence (eds.). Ex­ Platte River, across the Arkansas, peditions of John Chatles Fremont. lXbana: and onto the Canadian. The north­ While Becknell was credited University of Illinois Press. 1970. ern portion of this trail was both with opening the Santa Fe Edwin James, Account of an Expedition from Pitts­ Trail and with discovering the burgh to the Rocky Mountains. Ann Arbor: Univer­ recorded by John Charles Fremont sity of Michigan Press, 1966. reprint of 1823 in 1842 (Jackson and Spence Cimarron Cutoff; both trails were edition. 1970), and the southern part can old when he followed them. Susan C. Vehik. "OI'Iate's Expedition to the Souther!" Plains: Routes, Destinations, and Implications be found on the Edwin J ames map Tracing outthe Indian trails that for Late Prehistoric Cultural Adaptations; Plains of the Stephen H. Long expedition preceded historic routes canhelp Anthropologist. 31 (1986) 13-34. (James 1823). Portions of this us understand better the course trail were used by many early of the early history ofthe region. [Donald ]. Blakeslee is,Profes­ travelers, including the Mallet Becknell's route in 1822has been sor of Anthropology at Wichita brothers in 1739, Pike in 1806, something of a mystery, and the State University and is especial­ George Sibley in 1811, and David Indian trails show the mostprob- ly interested in the Indian trails Meriwether in 1820. ,"able route. throughout the Great Plains.] -5- CAVE SPRING: HISTORIC LANDMARK ON THE SANTA FE TRAIL by ·Sylvia D. Mooney

[Ed. note: This is the eighth in The Santa Fe trade began in 1821 the southwest corner of Section a series on museums andhistoric in the Boonslick town ofFranklin. 8 where it bordered on the eastern sites along the Trail. Sylvia D. Missouri. when William Becknell edge of what was clearly marked Mooney is the former director led a group of riders and pack the "Road to Santa Fe." Cave of Cave Spring and a member of animals loaded with American dry Spring was north of this fann on the SFTA board of directors.} goods to Santa Fe. A lucrative ex­ the west side ofthe Road to Santa Cave Spring. so simply stated. change of Mexican silver and Fe. located inSection 7. Mter Oc­ but what does it mean? That is mules resulted and proved a sig­ tober 1844 the springbecame part all there is on the large pinkgran­ nificant factor in the economic of Barnes's enclosure which con­ ite marker placed along Blue growth of Missouri and the West. tained 800 acres. Ridge Blvd. by the DAR and the Independence became the start­ Susan Magoffin traveled down State of Missouri in 1909. ing point for the Santa Fe trade the Trail in 1846. the bride of The DAR undertook the monumen­ by 1827. Riverboats traveled up­ Samuel Magoffin. She wrote in her tal task of marking the historic stream on the Missouri River from now famous diary: "Andafterdin­ Santa Fe Trail from Franklin. Mis­ St. Louis to the landing at Blue ner between the hours of 3 and souri. to Santa Fe between 1909 Mills. which is presently owned 4 we.left the little village ofI[n­ and 1913. These wonderful gran­ by the Portland Cement Company. dependence] for the residence of ite markers secured the path of Independence was the outfitting Mr. Barns. a gentleman some ten the Trail for countless genera­ headquarters for more than two miles this side ofthatplace. Here tions and for local historians to decades and then gave way to we procured a night's lodging research. document. and follow. Westport located some twelve preparatory to a final departure. In 1975. prompted by the upcom­ miles to the west. They were very kind to us. Mrs. ing bicentennial of our beloved As the fertile land around In­ Barns claims a relationship with nation. interested citizens began dependence became enclosed by me through the Harts; be it so or a quest for information about the small farms. and the troublesome not I can'ttell. On Thursdaymorn­ history of Cave Spring. They dis­ Big Blue River crossing could be ing we left Mr. B's at an early covered that Cave Spring is a sig­ avoided. departures from West­ hour. They had us up by day-light. nificant surviving Santa Fe Trail port grew. Two main branches of gave us breakfast almost as soon. landmark. a campground fortrad­ the Trail developed in Jackson and by 7 0'clock we were on the ers and travelers from 1821 until County: one going southwest from road." 1872 on the primary route of the Independence and the other from J. S. Chick. who came to West­ Road to Santa Fe in Jackson Coun­ Westport. These trails merged port in 1836. recalled years later ty. Missouri. It is located approx­ near Lone Elm near present that from Blue Mills Landing. imatelytenmUes southwestofIn:­ Olathe. Kansas. trains passed through IndepEm­ dependence on the original Trail Cave Spring was located on the dence then southwesterly by the that George Sibley surveyed in Independence branch of the Trail Barnes and Rice fanns. Two of 1825-1826. in Township 48. Range 32. which Jesse Barnes sons. C. R. and S. In its time. this site possessed followed the high ridge (Blue S. Barnes. were engaged in the no unique significance. It was Ridge) separating the Big Blue Santa Fe trade andtraveled on the one of many campsites. This par­ River on the west and the Little Oregon Trai1. C. R. Barnes carved ticular site had a stream ofwater Blue River on the east. . his nlJme on Register Rock on the surrounded by tallgrass prairie. A historic map of Jackson Conty Oregon Trail (photo of signature The land fell away to the stream depicts Cave Spring as a camp­ in author's possession). where the trees grew along the ground with covered wagons en­ Cave Spring. a landmark onthree banks to the Big Blue River west circling it. Dean Earl Wood. in The major trails (Santa Fe. Oregon. of Cave Spring. which is now Old Santa Fe Trail from the Mis­ and California). was remembered Swope Park. The burning of the saud River. mentioned the in 1906 by a surviving plainsman. prairie. both from natural causes spring. stating that traders cam­ W. H. Brady. who journeyed to and fires set by Indians. main­ ped there. Local newspaper Santa Fe in 1855. He recollected tained the diverse ecosystem. accounts describe the campsite that. starting from Independence. Water was very abundant along as the farthest point reached by the first point was "Barnes' the first ten miles of the Trail for most caravans in a day. a stop­ Spring." the wagon trains and traders. A ping place to water cattle and W. Z. Hickman was not only a nearby road was named Spring horses. Sid J. Hare. who livedon veteran of the Trail. but also an Valley. The one distinguishing adjoining property by 1921. was author of a 1920 history ofJack­ feature of the area was the cave. featured in a 1926 newspaper arti­ son County. Hickman was the with a great spring bursting forth cle claiming travelers often cam­ authority to whom the DAR turned from the ledge of Argentine lime­ ped to eat and refresh themselves to document and mark the sites stone rock. with cool draughts of spring along the Trail in Jackson County In the Diary of a Forty-Niner water. from 1909-1913. He wrote of entry for April 29. 1849. Hugh Mor­ The area was surveyed in 1843. J esse Barnes: "On his tract was gan Price and Franklin Price de­ much later than the original sur­ a magnificent spring that burst scribed the area as they followed vey of nearby areas in 1826. It out from a great ledge of rock in the Trail: "8 miles south of In­ was known as the "Lost Town­ such a way as to leave a cave. dependence the country is beauti­ ship." Jesse Barnes. who came and it is known to this day as 'The fully interspersed with prairie from Kentucky in, 1839. was the Cave Spring,' and it has never and timber. Well watered with first landowner in the area in been known'to fail from that day fine springs. Limestone soi1." 1843. "Barn's Incios~e" began at to this." -6- 1970s. granite marker was placedbeside The musuem is open Tuesday Aunt Sophia's cabin in 1913. through Saturday from 10 am to 5 Two of the Lowe sisters, Flor­ pm and on Sunday from 1:30-5:00 ence and Mildred, granddaughters p.m. It is closed major holidays of judge Lowe, have recently don­ and December 25 through]anuary ated $1 ,000 each to help in pur­ 1. The parI,< is open daily from 8 cha~ing the property from Mrs. am until nightfall. There is no fee Glona Tremonti, who has lived but donations are welcomed: there since 1931. Guided walking tours can be ar­ The Friends of the Rice-Tre­ ranged as well as guided bus mon~i Home Association,led by , tours ofthe historic trails through PreSIdent Whitson j. Kirk, has the area. For further information. formally signed a contractto pur­ contact Lynn Sloan. Director. chase the property for $370,000. 8701 E. Gregory. Kansas City. MO The Raytown Kiwanis have com­ 64133. phone (816) 358-CAVE. mitted $63,000 to the project with a $10,000 advance paymen~ RICE-TREMONTI HOME which made the down paymenton the Rice home possible. The City PRESERVATION EFFORTS ?f Raytown has setaside $10,000 by Sylvia D. Mooney 10 its budget for 1989 for the Rice Progress is being made in the project. efforts to save the historic Rice­ The Raytown Park Board has Tremonti home in Raytown Mis­ been approached by the Friends souri. The Rice home was built in to consider purchasi~g a tract of 1844 on the Santa FeTrail beside land on the site for $100,000 to Cave Spring. Aunt Sophia's cabin. which pre­ build an activity center at that This is the only cave site used dated the 'home by eight years. location. Members of the Board as a campground along the entire The Archibald Rice family left sc::em interested in cooperating Santa Fe Trai1. The Oregon Trail North Carolina in 1826 and spent WIth the Association. Both the has a spring and cave site also the next six years living in the historic home and activity center at Ash Hollow in Nebraska. eastern part of Jackson County would mutually benefitby sharing Missouri. near Buckner. By 1837 the site. The Friends group made Today, Cave Spring is a 36-acre farmer Rice settled on landinthe it clear that they look forward to historic site on the National "Lost Township" one-half mile the Park Departmentmanaging the R~gister of Historic Places, and a Rice property, with volunteer sup­ ,ri.~ture north of Cave Spring and erected preserve located i'n the three log cabins for the Negroes port services and renovation Wiliam M. Klein Park. William and had land under cultivation. provided by the Association. Klein gave a parcel of landworth Matt Field. a traveling reporter [Sylvia D. Mooney is a trustee $100,000 to expedite the acquisi­ and treasurer of the Friends of tion process. There is a small mu­ from 1839 to 1841, wrote of a visit the Rice-Tremonti Home Associa­ seum, the Cave Spring Interpre­ to the Rice farm: "About half a day's travel brings the Santa Fe tion. 'She expresses special tive Center, with changing ex­ thanks to Roberta Bonnewitz and hibits about the historic trails bound traveler past the flourish­ ing pla?tation of farmer Rice. James Denny 'for their research and the natural environment. Ava­ and information provided for riety of educational programs for where leIsure travellers often lin­ ger to enjoy his sweet bacon. this and the article on Cave all ages is available, including Spring. Anyone interested in living-history demonstrations. fresh eggs, newmilk and othernu­ tritious and unsophisticated lux­ helping with the Rice-Tremonti The museum houses a! gift shop project should contact Mrs. and the administrative office for uries that always appease appe­ tite without encumbering diges­ Mooney, 7120 Harecliff Dr., the Cave Spring Association, a Kansas City, MO 64133.] I!0n-profit organization that sup­ tion." ports and manages the county­ The Rice farm had become a owned land. camping site on the Trai1. It had TRAIL FEATURED IN There is a shelter house 'with space forwagons, springs forwa­ NATIONAL MAGAZINE tering. and corn and prairie grass picnic tables. and hiking trails The November 1988 issue of through a beautifufwoodland area for feeding animal/>. After Archibald Rice's death, the Travel and Leisure features an of hackberry, walnut. elm, per­ article by Douglas Preston, ''The simmon, redbud. locust. and house was sold. Between 1906 Way to Santa Fe: Following New and 1922 the land was owned by sycamo.re trees. Cattails and Mexico's Pioneer Trai1." It calls judge joseph M. Lowe and his young willows are distributed attention to the major historic around a small marshy pond. The son, john Lowe. The judge be­ Trail sites in New Mexico, par­ came presidentofthe National Old natural plant succession from ticularly from Fort Union to Santa Trails Association and recorded prairie to forest continues to Fe, with a few recommendations progress. his recollections in the book. The about places to stay and eat. With Remains of seven chimneys can National Old Trails Road, the a national circulation of 1.1 mil­ Great Historic Highway of be seen along the woodchipped lion, Travel and Leisure carries trails, remnants of 1926-1948 America. the story of the Santa Fe Trail to when there was a private country judge Lowe and the Missouri an expanding audience, which club and golf course with a small chapters ofthe DAR began a move­ will increase travel along the lake for swimming and fishing. ment in 1908 to mark the Santa route and visitation at the histor­ The lake drained away in the Fe Trail across Missouri. A pink ic sites.

r CAMP TALES Texas Panhandle POTENTIAL CHAPTERS by Dennis C. Clayton -CHAPTER REPORTS- Meetings have been held in SFTA President Marc Simmons Cimarron Cutoff Council Grove and Ulysses, KS, to came to Amarillo on August 19 to discuss possible SFTA chapters by Mary B. Gamble present the Texas Panhandle in those areas.. No word was David Hutchison, president of Chapter its charterand give a lec­ received about the Council Grove the Cimarron Cutoff Chapter, ture on the Trail. He spoke to a meeting. group of 82 people, all of whom received the chapter charter from At Ulysses the formation of the SFTA President Marc Simmons at were inspired by his talk. There followed an autograph party for Wagonbed Spring Chapter, includ­ Clayton, NM, on the evening of ing members from Grant and August 18. Simmons made the pre­ Simmons. Prior to the program, Simmons was hosted at a recep­ Stevens counties, has been dis­ sentation at the Albert W. Thomp­ cussed at a couple of meetings. son Memorial Library, following tion in the home of Mr. and Mrs. Enos jones, and the chapter ex­ Fern Bessire was elected pre­ his lecture on "Adventure and sident of the group. Tragedy on the Santa Fe tends a hearty thanks to themfor Trail." This was the first lecture their hospitality. There maybe otherplaces think­ in the Monroe Lectureship Series Simmons's visit was heavily ing about or in the process of sponsored by the library. promoted in the Panhandle. Chap­ forming a chapter. Please send ter President Charles Pitts ap­ news about any chapterplans and The Cimarron Cutoff Chapterwas developments to WT. the first to be organized, and it peared on local television sta­ was accepted at the june 2 Board tions to promote the organization meeting of SFTA at Lamed. and the visitby Simmons. Channel HISTORIC MARKERS Prior to Dr. Simmons's lecture, 4, the local NBC affiliate, inter­ during a dinner at the Eklund Ho­ viewed Simmons and Pitts on the tel, Hutchison conducted a brief campus of Palo Duro High School business meeting of the chapter. in front of a marker which desig­ Chapter members from Boise City, nates the route of josiahGregg's Elkhart, and Springfield joined Fort Smith to Santa Fe branch of those from Clayton for this meet­ the Trail. At the Fifth Season Inn ing and the program. where Simmons gave his presen­ tation, the electronic marquee of the motel high over 1-40 read Ii continuous message: "WELCOME MARC SIMMONS, THE SANfA FE TRAIL LIVES ONII" SFTA Ambassador Paul Bentrup Have you seen one of these accompanied Simmons to Amarillo signs along the Santa Fe Trail? and blessed the gathering with They were placed on or n~ar his wit and good spirit. The chap­ schools located near the Trail on ter is looking forward to bigger November 16, 1948, by the Amer­ and betterthings nextyear. Look­ ican Pioneer Trails Association ing to the year allead. President with headquarters in Kansas City, Pitts hopes to create excitement MO. At that time judge Henry A. over the Gregg trail from Fort Bundschuwas presidentofthe As­ Smith through the Texas Panhan­ sociation, and Thornton Cooke dle to Santa Fe. This route was was chairman ofthe special com­ a part of westward expansion and mittee that designed this plan for David Hutchison. left. receives the should be considered as one marking the historic Santa Fe Cimarron Cutoff Chapter Charter branch of the Santa Fe Trail. Trail. Blevins Davis, Indepen­ from SFTA President Marc Sim­ mons. (Photo by Leo E. Gamble.) dence, MO, donated funds to pro­ vide the artistic plaques formark­ ing the route. IrvinShope was the artist. The Association provided a plaque for every school alongthe Trail and suggested a dedication program for November 16, 1948. Students were to conduct the cere- mony and give the address­ es. They were encouraged to dress in pioneer costumes for the occasion. The suggested program included singing ''The Star Span­ gled Banner," an address on the reason for the ceremony, unveil­ ing the marker by the Boy Scouts, an address on the history of the Santa FeTrail, singing some pion­ Officers and board members of the Cimarron Cutoff Chapter who attended eer songs, an address on local in­ presentation of the charter, I to r: D. Ray Blakeley. Edgar White. Brooks Littrell,' Mary B,., Gamble, David Hutchison. Juanita Anderson.. a~d Joan cidents connect.ed with the Santa Walton. (Photo by Leo E. Gamble.) . Fe Trail, ,and singing "God Bless -8- Amerilj:a." It was reconunended THE ARMSTRONGS-ALL-AMERICAN TRAIL BUFFS that parents, patriotic societies, old inhabitants, andthe public be by Betty Ann Parker invited to attend the dedication. A colored map of the Santa Fe Trail was provided by the As­ sociation with the reconunenda­ tion that it be framed and hung in the school before the dedica­ tion. Does anyone know where a copy of that map may be found? This was the most thorough ef­ fort to mark the Trail since the DAR granite markers were erected earlier in the century. The mar­ kers. were placed on or near schools, but only a few remain where originally placed. There is one on a tree atShawnee Mission in Kansas City and one at Lakin, KS, high school on the flagpole. There is one at the Mahaffie House in Olathe, KS, another at the Coronado-Quivira Museum in Lyons, KS, and one hangs in the window ofan antique shop inTrin­ idad, CO. If anyone knows of the location of one of these signs, please send informationto WT. Be sure to note if it is still in its original location or if ithas been moved (if moved, trYtodetermine where it was originally erected). Aaron and Ethel Armstrong in their library. The National Park Service will Aaron and Ethel Armstrong mayor may noteat Wheatiesforbreakfast soon be providing new signs to like the famous jack Armstrong of radio fame, but calling them the mark the Trail. This will be the most extensive markerprogramto Dy?amic Duo of the present-day Santa Fe Trail is no exaggerration. ~lS exuberant couple haye been over all or part of the Trail eight date, but the earlier markers, in­ times to date and have a hbrary of approximately 170 items, including cluding those of the DAR and the books, pamphlets, and machine copies, relating to it. American Pioneer Trails Associa­ tion, should be remembered and Aaron is from Colorado, Ethel is from Illinois, and the two met in preserved when possible. Santa Fe in the mid-forties. Both are educators and taught in Colorado, Guam, and California before retiring to Roswell in 1979. Theirinterest [Special thanks to John K. Riddle in the Santa Fe Trail evolved from their reading of books like Susan for thIs information found in a Magoffin's Down the Santa Fe Trail and into Mexico, Kate L. Gregg's copy of the American Pioneer The Road to Santa Fe: The Journals and Diaries of George C. Sibley, Trails Association program from and Marian Russell's Land of Enchantment. the col1ection of his late father, Kenyon Riddle.] Their first trip was in 1982 after they had beenreading HobartStock­ ing's Road to Santa Fe. After a trip to Iowa and Illinoisto visitrelatives they used Stocking's book to follow the Trail back to New MeXico: PIONEER STATUE They recall, "Since we'd read some of the classics about the Trail, SFTA member jane Mallinson, we enjoyed finding and photographing landmarks andTrail sites men­ chairman of the Friends ofthe Na-. tioned in these books. Mter that first trip, we were 'hooked.' Later tipnal Three Trails Interpretive that year we talked to Marc Sinunons and compared notes about the Center, states that the City ofIn-' Trail. We found that he was writing a modern guide to the Trail [Fol­ dependence is raising. funds for lowing the Santa Fe Trail: A. Guide for Modern Travelers]. Our next a statue of a Pioneer Woman to trip we used his manuscript to guide us since the book was in press be placed in the Sculptor Garden and not available when we left. We began acquiring more journals at the new Center. Your pioneer and books about the Trail and reading more about it. You know how ancestor's name will be placed in one thing leads to anotherl" a permanentrecord book for a don­ If anyone is wondering why the Armstrongs keep going ov'er the same ation of $25.00 to $1,999.00. Don­ territory with no ind;'cation of ever being through, they say they find ations of $2,000.00 or more will somethingnew eachtime theymake the journey. Theirlasttrip, Septem­ put your ancestor's name on the ber 1987, they found some new DAR markers they had not been able base of the statue. Donations are to locate before. Meeting Trail "buffs" along the way and talkingwith also accepted to honorthose liv­ old-timers who live near the Trail is another incentive. ing. The new Trails Interpretive The love of reading and exploring feeds their hobbies of collecting Center is scheduled for comple­ and trail-hunting. jackRittenhouse's The Santa Fe Trail: An Historical tion by April 1990. Send donations Bibliography is a companion as they use the annotations to help to Pioneer Women's Fund, Stan­ ~em pick out pertinent items about theTrail. Publishers' catalogues, dard State Bank, 10801 East 23rd boo~stores, and book reviews keep them abreast of the new material St., Independence, MO 64052~ David Lavender's Bent's Fort, retirement means pursuing every house's brief history of the road Joan Myers and Marc Simmons's facet of their literary interests to Santa Fe. Along the Santa Fe Trail. and, with all the energy and inqenuity August G.Schmuhl since Aaron is a fan ofKit Carson, of a lifetime. Besides actively 1007 Paseo DeLaCuma M. Morgan Estergreen's Kit Car­ searching the Santa Fe Trail and Santa Fe, NM 87501 son: A Portrait in Courage. its artifacts, they teach an adult Ethel says Aaron likes to photo­ education class titled "Books of Editor: graph Trail sites. crossings, ruts. the Southwest" at the Roswell I am seeking information about landmarks. stage station ruins, Adult Center. Itis a survey course my husband's family who traveled old forts-anything to give a wherein they discuss thirty or the Santa Fe Trail in the 1800s. feeling of the Trail as itis today. more books in eachtwo-hour ses­ Jonathan Barton was my hus­ "Through research inourbook col­ sion. They tell something about band's g-g-g-grandfather, and lection, we use journals and the author, give a brief review of traveled with other members of memoirs to create the feeling of each book, and read a paragraph his family. We are surmisingthat yesterday-of the actual events to indicate style, particularly for his oldest boys went along and on the Trail. Combining these two the New Mexico classics. perhaps some ofhis in-laws, Car­ facets, we've made up a trave­ They have written a bibliogra­ lews and Holtons. We have a logue about the Trail whichwe've phy, Discover N ewMexico, which large family history. If anyone presented to various groups. Be­ they use with the class. The has information about these sides slides, we collect pamph­ Roswell Public Library sells itfor folks, it would be so welcome. lets written by county and local a small fee. As a service to their Thank you. historians or Trail buffsthatgive students, the Armstrongs also Helen Ann Hancock us bits of information about that search for out-of-print books 58 Via Morella specific small area. We've found they review in their class under San Lorenzo, CA 94580 many of these in our travels. some the business name ofA&EBooks. Editor: in print and others out-of-print." Being with Ethel and Aaron is I am interested in finding more The Armstrongs throw them­ sometimes akin to entertaining a information about the traders, selves into their Trail Odysseys group of children just returned drivers, and stores of the Trail with tenacity, enthusiasm, and from the circus. They are both so era. My great-grandfather from the abandon of children off on a alive, so interested in the new Missouri was a driver of a mule holiday. At the same time they Trail maeker they justdisovered, train from Franklin, MO, to Santa never lose the joy of thoroughly so full ofthe tales aboutthe flood Fe in the late 1820s or early researching the areas they travel. they got caught in and how they 1830s. His name was Rice Patter­ It hasn't been all fun, though. "On almost didn't get the trailer tur­ son, and he was hired by JohnR. our first .trip in 1982 we signed ned around on an abandoned trail, White to drive a teamto Santa Fe, up for an overnight wagon ride that their stories come tumbling where he remained for 3 years through the Flint Hills south of out as they try to tell it all at clerking and selling goods. He the Trail. A thunderstorm hit us once. If this is retirement,letme crossed the plains on the SFTrail at the overnight camp spot about at it! 6 times as a hireling, a merchant, dark, drenching everything. Not [Betty Ann Parker operates a a captain of a company, and a being very hardy pioneers, we as­ bookstore, Parker Books of the traveler. By 1838 he was back in ked to be taken with ourwetgear West. in Santa Fe. The Arm­ Missouri, married, and had taken back to the ranch where we'd left strongs are scheduled to show up farming on the family farm. the car. We spent the nextmorn­ their slides of the Trail during Where can I find more about the ing at the local laundromat get­ the Symposium in Santa Fe in time he was on the Trail and in ting everything dried out." 1989.] Santa Fe? Were there any stores There have beenmore serendipi­ in Santa Fe bearing the name of tous experiences than unpleasant TRAIL ROMANCE LEADS White or Patterson? Are their ones: "On our 1984 trip we were records of the drivers and traders using Mrs. T. A. Cordry's The TO TRAIL ROMANCE of Trail days? Story of Marking the Santa Fe ''The Santa Fe Trail Lives On," I have been in Santa Fe many Trail (by the DAR in Kansas) to and romance on the Trail is not times and found my grandfather's find the familiar red granite mar­ dead either. SFTA board member name. Alexander Denny, on the kers placed in 1906-1908 along Mark Gardner and Katie Davis of . mail call list in an 1849 newspap­ the Trail. Stopping in Lakin for our membership committee were er as he traveled to Calif. during gas, we asked the attendant for married in Colorado Springs on the Gold Rush. He was also there directions to Hartland-a once­ September 4. They firstmetat the in the Mexican War in 1846 as a thriving town along the Arkansas Trinidad Symposium in 1986 and Missouri Volunteer. Thank you. in 1908 when the marker was discovered they had more in com­ Mary Denny Ellerman dedicated. He looked puzzled and mon than just a love for the Santa 45055-21 E. Florida Ave. asked, 'Why do you want to go Fe Trail. Congratulations and Best Hemet, CA 92344 to Hartland? Nothing there but an Wishes!

[Ed. note: This is the seventh in a series on merchants and the Santa Fe trade. Marc Simmons is the leading authority on the his­ tory of the Trail and president of SFTA.] . In the period after 1850 a number of J ewish irmnigrants from Ger­ many entered the Santa Fe trade. freighting overthe Trail from Mis­ souri and becoming prominent in the economic and political life of New Mexico. Aleading example of such men who became involved in the cormnerce of the prairies was Bernard Seligman. Born near the Rhine River on November 23. 1837. Bernard Sel­ igman received a good education and learnea to speak six lan­ guages fluently. Before leaving Germany. he was associatedwith the great banking house of the Rothschilds at Frankfort-on-the- . Main. Mter coming to the United States, he located briefly in the Philadelphia area where he was involved in the manufacture of cotton goods.1 In 1856. Bernard. notyettwenty• went west and traveled the Santa ~rnard Sengm~n (left) and friends Zadoc Staab and Lehman Speigelberg Fe Trail to New Mexico. He was With Kiowa Indians. (Courtesy Museum of New Mexico, Neg. No. 7890.) going to join his older brother. ing purchases for the firm and ar- Surviving bills of lading and Sigmund, who had settled inSanta ranging for their shipment to the invoices indicate thatOtero. Sel- Fe in 1849 and since thatyearhad been active in merchandising. head of the Santa FeTrail in Mis- lar & Co.• Commission and For- soOO.4 How many other trips he warding Merchants. was receiv- Sigmund Seligman. then 43. had may have made in these years is iog consignments of goods des- forme~ a partnership in 1855with unknown. Thus far no diaries or tined for Seligman Bros. and another German Jew. Charles P. journals ofBernard'sTrail travels freighting them to the New Mex- Cleaver from Cologne. Their firm have come to light. ican capital. was known as Seligman& Cleaver which was said to have "engaged One item of record notes that Some of the wares carried, as extensively in a flourishing trade Seligman Brothers loaded in one revealed in these documents, over the Santa Fe Tratl.',2 day in Kansas City 83wagons with were clothing. stationery, car­ an average of 5.000 pounds each pets. tobacco. cheese, vinegar, Young Bernard went to work for for their store in Santa Fe which mace, pepper. oils, buckets, the company and by 1862 was a at times earned in stock as much tubs, washboards. lamp wicks. full partner. By then Cleaver had as $200,000 worth of merchan- and barrels and half-barrels of withdrawn. going on to a career dise. A freightbillof$30.000was whiskey. One shipment also in- in law and politics. and the firm paid by the firm to one wagon train eluded two ox yokes and wagon took the name SeligmanBros. One carrying $1'25.000 worth of their covers.6 In 1872 the Seligmans of their many advertisements in goods. This delivery was sold had a government contractto sup- the local Santa Fe New Mexican. within three weeks upon arrival ply grain to IndIan agencies in the dated December 5, 1863. conveys atthe Santa Fe store. and the prof- Southwest, and the yokes and an idea of the nature of their it made on that single consign- covers may have been intended business: ment was $51.000. Total sales of for use of theirdeliverywagons.7 Look Herel Look Herel $10 million were reported to have Both Seligman brothers took an The place to get good bargains been reached duringthe life ofthe active role in the civic life ofthe is at Seligman Bros. We are con­ company.5 Santa Fe community. As early as tinually receiving by express from From this it would appear that 1859, Bernard, along with his New York and other eastern cities and have continually on hand the Seligmans relied primarily' good friend Zadoc Staab, joined every description of staple and upon private contractors to trans- with other municipal leaders to fancy dry goods: Domestics, port their freight to New Mexico. found the Historical Society of calicos, cloaks, mantillas, boots, This was clearly the case by the New Mexico, the first such organ- shoes, hats, caps, hardware early 1870s when the Kansas ization west of the Mississippi.s groceries, stationery, etc. etc.! Pacific Railway reached Kit Car- An accomplished public speaker, It is known that Bernard was in son. Colorado, the latest Trail Bernard soon gained political in- New York in 1866. probably mak- head forwa~ontralfie to Santa Fe. fluence and served in·bo.th houses -11- . of the territorial legislature. He Floyd S. Fierman. Guts and Ruts, The Jewish sion. This is a good source for Pioneer on the Trail in the American Southwest was also treasurerofthe territory (New York: KTAV Pub!. House, 1985). 66-85. members who don't live near from 1886 to 1891. Sigmund devot­ 3. From a microfilm copy In the New Mexico bookstores. State Records Center and Archives, Santa Fe ed most of his time to the busi­ (NMSRCA). ••• •• ness, although he was appointed 4. His presence in New York is mentioned in Secretary-Treasurer Ruth Olson a Santa Fe County Commissioner Seligman vs Baca, 1866, District Court, Mora of Lamed has been shepherding 9 County, Civil Case #37a In NMSRCS. in 1876, the year of his death. 5. Figures are from an original advertisin9 cir­ the SFTA's request for tax exempt CUlar, undated, issued by Seligman Bros. Co., status through the bureaucratic Before the first bank was char­ In possession of the author. tered in Santa Fe in 1870, Selig­ 6. Bills of lading, dated August 17 and November maze of the IRS. man Bros., in addition to itsmer­ 4, 1872, in Seligman Papers, NMSRCA. ••••• 7. See, for example, Receipts for delivery of cantile activities, engaged in com and wheat to Agency at Fort Defiance, The American Hiking Society in private banking. Thatwas a valu­ Arizona, May 25, 1872, ,n ibid., NMSRCA. cooperation with the National 8. Jacqueline Dorgan Meketa, Louis Felsenrhal able service for Santa Fe freight­ (Albuquerque: University of New Mexico, 1982), Park Service now publishes a ers and others who were accus­ 20. handsome newsletter, PATHWAYS 9. Daily New Mexican, March 14, 1876. tomed to carry thousands of dol­ 10. "ObItuary of Arthur Seligman; 306-307. AcrossAmerica. Itfocuses on Na­ lars on theirpersons. The firm al­ 11. Twitchell, Old Santa Fe, 477-478. tional Scenic and Historic Trails. 12. The story of the coach is related in 80az For a free copy of the first issue, so helped finance construction of Long, "Stagecoach Traveling; EI Palacio, 60 the Denver and Rio Grande Rail­ (December 1953) 403-408. write the Society at 1015 31stSt. road.1o NW, Washington, D.C. 20007. At the end of his life, Bernard •• •• • Seligman returned to live in Betsy Crawford Gore recently Philadelphia. where he died on left her position as archivist and February 3, 1903. He left a wife educational director at the Santa and four children. His son Arthur. Fe Trail Center., Lamed, and now born at Santa Fe in 1871. had en­ h resides in Wisconsin. HOOF PRINTS tered the family business as a -TRAIL TIDBITS- ••• • • bookkeeper in his youth. and took The new archivist and educa­ over its management upon the re­ SFTA Ambassadors Paul Bentrup tional director at the Santa Fe tirement of his father. He served of Deerfied, KS. and Les Vilda of Trail Center is 10n Zwink, a new as mayor of Santa Fe, 1910-1912. Wilbur, NE, both have their pic­ member of SFTA and, incidentally, and two terms as state governor tures in GregFranzwa's newbook. the brother of SFTA board member 11 from 1930 to 1933. Images of the Santa Fe Trail. Tim Zwink. Arthur' Seligman had two inter­ • ••• • • • •• • esting connections with the Santa The mid-summer event at Fort A dedicated company ofcyclists Fe Trail. First, as mayor ofSanta Union National Monument known pedaled across Kansas, August Fe he participated in the dedica­ as Founder's Day has been re­ 14-19. on the Kansas Santa Fe tion ceremonies of the DAR "End named and is now calledSoldier­ Trail Bicycle Tour. Will it be of the Trail" marker on the Santa ing on the Santa Fe Trail. This skate boards over the Trail next? Fe plaza, August 21, 1911, ac­ year's attendance was 1,030, and • • • • • cepting it on behalf of the city. WT editor Oliva was a speaker. The Cave Spring Interpretive Second, he acquired the last • •• • •• Center is nowofferingguide serv­ surviving Barlow and Sanderson The National Park Service has ice over the Santa Fe Trail in the stagecoach that had traveled the contracted with WT editor Oliva Kansas City area. It is intended Trail in the 1860s and 1870s. It for a history of Fort Union, NM, for school groups, clubs, and was the one involved in a famous to be completed in three years. organizations. Call (816) holdup on Raton Pass in 1867 by ••••• 358-CAVE. the Kid Barton gang. The express Individuals are invited to join • ••• • messenger and two passengers the Lewis & Clark Trail Heritage Good NewsI Grant County, KS, had been killed and $60,000 Foundation. Annual dues are $15. plans to build an access road to taken. Lawmen pursued the gang Write: 1001 Upper River Dr./RR the Wagonbed Spring site. The and in a shoot-out a sheriff and 4433. Great Falls, MT 59401. new gravel road should be com­ two deputies had been slain. But •••• • pleted this winter. In the course Kid Barton was captured and han­ has im­ of the work, historical markers ged from a railroad bridge near Recent landscaping to Arrow there will be relocated. Tucumcari. proved the entrance Rock, MO, site of the 1991 SFTA • • • •• Arthur Seligman for many years Symposium. The candlelight tours of Fort rode in the coach duringSanta Fe • • •• • Lamed National Historic Site, on parades and pageants. In 1935, Apparently the congressional October 28, featuring a living­ two years after his death. it was bill to bring the Glorieta Battle­ history enactment ofthe attack on presented by his widow to the field and Pigeon's Ranch Stage the post by a rabid wolf in 1868, Historical Society ofNew Mexico. Station, on the Trail 15 miles east was well attended. Today it remains on display in the of Santa Fe, under federal juris­ • • ••• historic Governors Palace on the diction is not dead as we pre­ Greg Franzwa is traveling the Santa Fe plaza.12 viously reported. It is just tem­ Santa Fe Trail, showing slides of porarily buried. the NPS survey work last spring, NOTES •• • • • and selling and autographing his 1. Bi09raphical sketch of Bernard Seli9man in 1 efferson National Expansion books. He intends to have the new Ralph Emerson Twitchell, Old santa Fe (Dan­ Historical Association at 11 No. book of maps of the Trail availa­ Ville, illinois: Interstate Printers, 1925). 477. 2. Quoted in "Obituary of Arthur Seligman; New 4th, St. Louis, MO 63102, offers ble early in 1989· and his auto­ Mexico Historical Review, 8 (October 1933) a free catalog listing hundreds of tour guidebook out later in the 306. For a sketch of Charles P. Cleaver, see titles relatedto Westward Expan- year. Comanche, Loups, and item from the Fayette Missouri ico, in 1842, with a table ofdis­ Eutaw Indians, all of whom are at lntelligencer, May 24, 1827: tances attached. This item was war with each other, meet and The following interesting letter was found and contributed by Marc smoke the pipe one a year in received by us, a few days since, Simmons. The original spelling peace. Every person and every from our friend and fellow-citizen, has not been changed, and the thing are held sacred for many Col. Augustus Storrs, one of the miles around this peaceful grove. gentlemen composing the party distances are somewhat exagger­ This custom has been handed whicn lately left this vicinity, on a ated. Because ofthe length ofthis down for many centuries among commercial expedition to NEW document, the firstpart is printed the red men, and here their chiefs MEXICO: here and the second partwill ap­ and great men are brought from Santa Fe Trace, 120 miles west pear in the next issue. hundreds of miles around to be in­ of Franklin, May 18, 1827. I left Vincennes on the 23d April terred. The numerous camps DEAR SIR-Agreeably to previous for St. Louis, with a view of ascer­ every- where to be seen around arrangement, the Santa Fe com­ taining the object of the visit by here, at once convince the trave­ pany generally arrived at the Blue the company raising for the Pacific ller that this is the great rendez­ Springs, the place of rendezvous, ocean. When I arrived at St. Louis, vous of thousands annually. From on the 15th inst. We have in com­ I found I had to proceed to Indepen­ hence onward for 400 miles, there pany about ONE HUNDRED FIVE MEN, dence, the upper country on the is nothing to be seen but one eter­ and FIFTY-THREE WAGf2lJNS and Missouri river and adjoining the nal desert, without a solitary stick PLEASURE CARRIAGES. Our line of Indian boundary, 400 miles farther. of timber to cheer the eye for thirty march is at least ONE MILE in length, There I found three different car­ days. Nothing here is to be had but and is said to be extremely beauti­ avans busily recruiting; the Rev. Bi­ buffalo dung to cook the food that ful to the eye of a spectator, and shop Smith with a caravan to es­ is used, but with this the whQle certainly must appear formidable in tablish a mission amongst the prairies are covered, and it is an the estimation of Indians. The com­ Blackfeet Indians, in the valley of excellent substitute. pany is the largest which has the Columbia river; who left with the We overtook the caravan in sight traversed this route, are in fine caravan to California by the way of the Arkansas, about 400 miles spirits, and do not entertain a of the head waters of the Columbia from the line of the United States, doubt of going through in perfect river, commanded by Col. Bartleson and 800 from ~t. Louis, without be­ safety. We have adopted our form and Richma, composed of about ing troubled by the Indians, and at­ of government, and elected offic­ ninety persons, male and female. tached ourselves thereto for duty ers to carry it into effect and oper­ The second to California, com­ in crossing the river, which is much ation. The following is a list of the posed of about 100 men and 30 larger than at the mouth, and officers which have been appoint­ women and children; and the third, always mUddy, and rolling her ed. We have elected the Rev. John the yearly caravan, composed of quicksands into bars almost every Pearson, Chaplin, who is a gentle­ merchants, to this city [Santa Fe], hour, so that fords and crossings man of very agreeable manners Chihuahua, and Sel'lora, consisting are dangerous and uncertain. and of very handsome scientifi9 of about 80 men and 40 wagons, (concluded next issue) -14- HELP WANTED Dr., Farmington, NM 87401 Esta Morgan, 2130 SW High St., Terry & Carolyn Brown, P. O. Box Topeka, KS 66611 Weare looking for the names of 1531, Liberal, KS 67905 Joe Nardone,. 25082 Southport, James&JudithBudde, 12816Smal­ persons who came through In­ Laguna Hills, CA 92653 ley, Grandview, MO 64030 Phyllis B. Norman, 6118 Edith Blvd. dependence, MO, on either the Donald & Arlene Buttel, 3324 W. NE #197, Albuquerque, NM 87107 California, Oregon, or Santa Fe Scott Pl., Denver, CO 80211 Joseph H. Pool, 7409 Lynnlee, trails. Our plan is to create a li­ Muriel F. Cleverdon, P. O. Box 446, Amarillo, TX 79121 brary and genealogy center to as­ Lexington, MO 64067 Anne W. Rea, 900A Winchester Dr., sist those who are researching Rebecca & Clark Coan, 307 Park Hill Sedalia, MO 65301 their families who followed a trail Terr., Lawrence, KS 66046 Beryl Cain Roper, 1910 3rd Ave., west. Robert & Nancy Dean, 1221 E. 18th Canyon, TX 79015 St., Farmington, NM 87401 Lynn F. Sipe, 8175GouldAve.,Los Please share any information M/M Marc Dorsett, Box 5033, Angeles, CA 90046 you may have so when our Nation­ Topeka, KS 66605 A. Janice Sivils, Box 641, Lakin, KS al Three Trails Interpretive Center Joseph & Mary Crane Gorman, 1258 67860 is opened in April 1990 we will Atwood Ct., Longmont, CO 80501 Hardeman Smyer, Star Rt. 2, P. O. have a start on this project. At Gerald L. Harris, 3321 Old Mallard Box 165, Jourdanton, TX 78026 the recent OCTA annual meeting, Rd., Enid, OK 73703 Joe P; Smyer, 13411 Lobelia, San I was askedmany times where one M/M. Roger C. Jones, Rt. 1 Box 25, Antonio, TX 78232 Johnson, KS 67855 could go forthis information. This Lenore Stober, 8906 Cordova Ave Baldwin & Ormie Lamson, 4706 Bal­ NE, Albuquerque, NM 87112 service will fill a need. Send boa Ave., Encino, CA 91316 Corinne Surface, 537 E. Euclid, information to me. Thank you. Vernon & Hazel Michael, P. O. Box McPherson, KS 67460 Jane Mallinson, Chairman 12, Baldwin City, KS 66006 Wilbur Zink, Box 38, AppletonCity, Friends of Three Trails Richard K. Moores, 2321 Atkinson, MO 64724 ' Interpretive Center Amarillo, TX 79106 Jon Zwink, Box 236, Macksville, KS Box 8604 M/M Jimmie L. Shields, Rt. 1 Box 67557 15, Stinnett, TX 79083 Sugar Creek, MO 64054 Ralph & Mary D. Smith, 3621 12th All matters relating to Wagon • •••• St. NW, Albuquerque, NM 87107 Tracks should be addresed to It would be helpful for all ofus William & Martha Stewart, 1675 the editor: Hickory Knoll, Deerfield, IL 60015 working with site planning and Leo E. Oliva promotion of the Trail to have INDIVIDUAL MEMBERSHIPS RR 1, Box 31 information about the number of Woodston, KS 67675 visitors the various sites have. Gladys P. Anderson, 1042 S. Quail (913) 9~4-6253 These records will also help Way, Lakewood, CO 80226 anyone seeking to showthe econ­ William Aull, P. O. Box 280, Lexing­ All inquiries regarding 'mem­ omic impact of visitors along the ton, MO 64067 bership should be directed to Trail. If someone at each of the Mickey Blake, Box 4008, Taos, NM the secretary-treasurer: 87571 historic sites, museums, etc., Mary Ann Ponder Brady, 14 Villa Dr., Ruth Olson located on or near the Trail, will Pueblo, CO 81001 Santa Fe Trail Center send this information(annual vis­ F. Robert Dodson, 5336 Canada RR 3 itors over the past several years Vista PI. NW, Albuquerque, NM Larned, KS 67550 would be helpful, but the most 87120 (316) 285-2054 recent year is most important) to Mary D. Ellerman, 45055-21 E. Flor­ me before January 15, 1989, I will ida Ave., Hemet, CA 92344 compile it for a report inthe next Ethel M. Evans, Rt. 2 Box 131A, WT. Thanks for your help. Ulysses, KS 67880 Judy K. Fell, Box 506, Holly, CO Leo E. Oliva 81047 RR 1, Box 31 Charles E. Franson, 5806 Jamieson Woodston, KS 67675 Ave., St. Louis, MO 63109 Robert Fuit, 3806 N. Lowell Ave., Chicago, IL 60641 INEW SfTA MEMBERS I Mary Ellen Sappington Good, 2809 This list includes newmember­ Mills Rd., Prescott, Ml 48756 $5.00 Audrey Gordon, 300 NW 43 Terr., ships received since the lastis­ Kansas City, MO 64116 BEST WESTERN ,sue up to November 15. Those Paul Graham, 1400 Pond Rd., Glen­ : received after this printing will coe, MO 63030 BENT'S FORT INN appear in the next i~sue. Ifthere Helen Ann Hancock, 58 Via Morella, East Highway 50 San Lorenzo, CA 94580 is an error in this information, Las Animas, CO 81054 please send corrections to the William Higt"on, 6217 Ralston, Ray­ editor. If you know ofpeople who town, MO 64133 (719) 456-0011 may be interested inthe Associa­ Donald C. Hill, 621 San Juan Ave., La Junta, CO 81050 Quarter up at Bent's tion and are not a member, please Lloyd Holbrook, 516 E. 15th, Good­ Fort Inn on the SFT urge them to join. We thank you land, KS 67735 ' and visit for your support. Mary J. Kadlec, 1283 Jamison Ct., Bent's Old Fort INSTITUTIONAL MEMBERSHIPS Belcamp, MD 21017 Rose M. Lee, Rt. 1 Box 139, Elk­ Boggsville Franklin or Bust, Inc., P. O. Box 32, hart, KS 67950 Zebulon Pike Sighting Fayette, MO 65248-0032. Lucille R. Lewis, 614 N. Sullivan, Kit Carson Museum Heirloom Shop, P. O. Box 1225, Ra­ Ulysses, KS 67880 Kit Carson Chapel ton, NM 88740 James W. Merchant, 203 Yorkshire Present this coupon for Dr., Lawrence, KS 66044 FAMILY MEMBERSHIPS Mary F. Moorehead, 917 Calle Vis­ $5.00 room discount Mark &Ursula Bevan, 5501 Foothills toso, Santa Fe, NM 87501 -15- TRAIL CALENDAR the eastern endwhere it all began such decisions before the facts in the early 1820s. We all need are in. the process of public Everyone is invited to send no­ to be cooperating. rather than involvement is meaningless. tices for this section; provide competing. in the preservation The controversy is so unneces­ location. date(s). time(s) and ac­ and promotion of the historic sary, even though it gets some of tivity. Remember this is a quarter­ route. It is. however, acceptable the public involved to a degree ly. The next issue should appear behavior for local leaders to seek thatwould nothave happened oth­ in February. so send information the location of an interpretive erwise and brings forth a plethora for March and later to arrive be­ center at their site. of information that may not have fore January 20. Thank you. What disturbs me most about been available to the Planning this controversy. from what I've Team. Even so. if the premature Dec. 9-10, 16-17,1988: An 1846 been able to gather inmy isolated announcement still stands after Christmas. Bent's Old Fort NHS. setting (mostly newspaper re­ the dust has settled. charges of 35110 Hwy 194 East, La Junta, ports). is the way this was appar­ procedural subversion and favori­ CO 81050 (719) 384- 2596. ently touched off by a premature tism will continue. If that an­ Jan. 29, 1989: Kansas Day Cele­ announcement from the National nouncement is changed after the bration. 9 am to 5 pm. special activities and free admission. Park Service. facts are all in. there will be other Santa Fe Trail Center. RR 3, Lar­ The SFNHT Planning Team. as I embarrassed and unhappypeople. ned. KS (316) 285-2054. understand it. is charged by C0I.1­ Meantime, much time and ink is April 12-14, 1989: Conference at gress to gather information and devoted to statements which too University of N~braska-Lincoln. prepare a report with recommen­ often shed more heat than light. "From Spanish Explorers to dations (the power and decisions Regardless of the outcome after Plains Settlers: The Hispanic Pre­ to commit funds apparently still the controversy, the NPS has a sence on the Great Plains." reside with Congress). Proce­ black eye and many along the Sept. 28-Oct. 2, 1989: SFTASym­ dures prescribed include public Trail who have fears of whatwill posium. Santa Fe. NM. Contact meetings in preparationofthat re­ happen with the federal govern­ Sympoisum Coordinator Adrian port and in the review ofit. Itap­ ment involved have those fears Bustamante. P. O. Box 4182. pears to be a subversion of the Santa Fe. NM 87502 (505) confirmed. Then all suppporters 471-8200. process for anyone to announce of the Trail. including SFTA. suf­ where a federal-state coopera­ fer. Whether what happened was tive center will probably be es­ intentional or not. which no ob­ FROM THE EDITOR tablished or where. a shelterwith server can determine. the results One ofthe many benefits ofmem­ interpretive signs will be built. are the same and so is the public bership in SFTA is the freidns we rather than just gathering infor­ judgment. make along the way. In recent mation about possible sites. be­ My plea is simple. Letthe estab­ weeks we have had the piesure fore a plan for management and lished process work. gather the of several SFTA movers and sha­ use has even been drafted and be­ facts before making recommenda­ kers as ovemite guests in our fore the SFNHT Advisory Council tions, and be constantly vigilant home, including Sec.-Treas. Ruth has been appointed. Was this an­ that decisions are made for his­ Olson. Director Joy Poole. and nouncement a Planning Team de­ torical and not political reasons. Ambassador Paul Bentrup. It is cision? Then. when final decisions are always good to share ideas about It is one thing to gatherinforma­ announced and funds are commit­ SFTA and the Trail. tion for that plan and another to ted to projects. we all will know Many good things are happening give an indication ofwhere a cen­ everyone received a fair hearing. along the Trail, but I am disturbed ter will probably be located be­ We should expect andacceptno­ by the "controversy brewing over fore the gathering is done. If thing less. the location of a federal-state those charged with finding the Happy trails! cooperative visitors' center at facts possess the power to make -Leo E. Oliva

Wagon Tracks BULK RATE Santa Fe Trail Association U.S. RR 1, Box 31 POSTAGE Woodston, KS 67675 PAID PERMIT NO. 20 ELLSWORTH, KS 67439 WAGON TRACKS

s=A:r~ ~ ;=~ ~ : ;~~ssoc~ VOLUME 3 FEBRUARY 1989 NUMBER 2 SFNHT ADVISORY COUNCIL APPOINTED 1989 DUES REMINDER Secretary of the Interior Donald Daniel T. Kipp, 121 E. Pikes Peak If you have not paid 1989dues, Hodel announced the appointment Ave. #221, Colorado Springs. CO this could be your last newslet­ of the Santa Fe National Historic 80903 ter. The bylaws state that April Trail Advisory Council late last 1 is the deadline for renewals. Jane Mallinson, Box 8604. Sugar Please continue your membership year. Two members, William de Creek, MO 64054 Buys and David Sandoval, were and support SFTA projects. Ifyou designated co-chairmen. Tenta­ Karen McClure. Red River Ranch, have not done so, send a check tive plans call for the first meet­ Box 338. Springer, NM 87747 today to Ruth Olson, Sec-Treas. ing of the Council to be held in Dr. Michael A. Olsen. 1729 Eighth SFTA, Santa Fe Trail Center. RR 3, April. The National Park Service St., Las Vegas, NM 87701 Larned, KS 67550. Thank you. coordinator for the Advisory Coun­ JOY L. Poole, 503 E. La Plata. cil is David M. Gaines, Chief, Farmington. NM 8'7401 SYMPOSIUM UPD ATE Branch ofTrail Programs, P. O. Box Dr. Ramon Powers, Kansas State by Adrian Bustamante 728, Santa Fe, NM 87504-0728. Historical Society. 120 West The members are: 10th St.. Topeka, KS 66612 Plans are moving forward for the next Trail Symposium to be held Dr. Don Alberts, 2430 Juan Tabo Dr. Constance Ramirez. Historic in Santa Fe's downtown Conven­ NE, Box 220, Albuquerque, NM Preservation Officer, Depart­ tion Center, September 28 to Oc­ 87112 ment of the Army, Washington, tober 2. Interest is already high DC 20314-1000 William Aull, P. O. Box 280, Lex­ and a good turnout is expected. ington, MO 64067 J. Richard Salazar, P. O. Box 3762, A Symposium announcement is Fairview, NM 87533 Don Berg, Wootton Ranch, Star included as an insert in this issue Route, Trinidad, CO 81082 Dr. David A. Sar doval (Co-Chair­ of WT. Members are asked to post Edward B. Boyd, RR I, Larned, KS man), 26 Churchill Rd., Pueblo, it on a public bulletin board, at 67550 CO 81001 a library, museum, etc., where it John E. Cook, Director, Southwest Jack Earl Sewell, 9 Magnolia St.. will receive wide exposure. Ifyou Region, National Park Service, Clayton, NM 88415 can find a place for them, more P. O. Box 728, Santa Fe, NM Dan Sharp, West Star Route, Box posters may be obtained by con­ 87504-0728 83, Boise City, OK 73933 tacting WT editor. William de Buys (Co-Chairman), Joseph W. Snell, 630 Walnut The program committee hopes to 1511 Don Gaspar, Santa Fe, NM Lane, Topeka, KS 66617 send out the first mailing soon, 87501 Marvin B. Spears, HCR 62, Box with registration and lodging in­ Edmundo R. Delgado, P. O. Box 210. Raton, NM 87740 formation. Be advised that motel reservations must be made early 1906, Santa Fe, NM 87504 Dr. George C. Stone, 644 Arnold since Santa Fe, even in Septem­ Malcom Disimone, 2400 Republic Dr., Lyons, KS 67554 ber, is a popular Mecca for visi­ Bank Tower, Dallas, TX 75201­ Robert Carr Vincent, HCR 1, Box 3802 tors. Thus, it is not too early to 87, Boise City, OK 73933 start planning for the Symposium Dr. Virgina L. S. Fisher, Arrow Dr. Timothy Zwink, 807 N. Sunset (see related article on lodging Rock, MO 65320 Dr., Alva, OK 73717 within). Pauline Fowler, 3122 Santa Fe Because of a contract with the Appropriately, this meetingwill Rd., Independence, MO 64055 National Park Service, one nomin­ focus on two related themes: Ellis Freeny, P. O.Box82395,Ok­ ee has resigned to avoid an ap­ "Trails That Tie Us Together," the lahoma City, OK 73108 pearance of a conflict of interest, subject ofSFTApresident's open­ Mark L. Gardner, P. O. Box 472, and a replacement has been ing speech, and "Where Cultures Trinidad. CO 81082 nominated for consideration by Meet," a good description of Santa Greer Garson Fogelson, 2400 Re­ new Secretary of Interior Manuel Fe itself, since evidence of public Bank Tower, Dallas, TX Lujan. Reports of Advisory Coun­ Indian, Hispano, and Anglo cul­ 75201-3802 cil activities will appear in future tures can be seen on every hand. issues as information is made Stanley Hordes, 1375 Santa Rosa If you've never seen Santa Fe, available. Meanwhile, if anyone Dr., Santa Fe, NM 87501 prepare to be dazzled. Even if wishes to receive a draft of the you're familiar with the city, get David Jolly, U.S. Forest Service, SFNHT management and use plan, ready from some unusual events 517 Gold Ave. SW, Albuquerque, when it is available in a few that will give you a new apprecia­ NM 87102 weeks, and the locations, dates, tion for this historic place at the Helen Judd, 605 Columbia, Coun- and times for the public meetings end of the Trail. A tour of Trail­ cil Grove, KS 66846 . to discuss the plan, contact David related sites will include Las Dr. Stanley B. Kimball, 745 Saddle M. Gaines at the above address Vegas and Fort Union National Dr., Florissant, MO 63033 or phone (505) 988-6886.

-2- SYMPOSIUM PLANS 777-CITY. Santa Fe Detours Hotel Hotline at Symposium Coordinator Adrian Then they should ordert ; 1989 (800) 338-6877. Bustamante has released tenta­ New Mexico Vacation Guide and Symposium participants may tive plans for the September 28­ an official highway map of New stay.where they desire, but SFTA October 2 conference at the west­ Mexico from the New Mexico Tour­ President Marc Simmons has es­ ern end of the Trail. The program ism & Travel Division, Room 751, tablished the colorful EI Rey Inn will begin with registration at the Joseph M. Montoya Bldg., 1100 St. as the anchor lodging facility for Sweeny Convention Center late Francis Dr., Santa Fe, NM 87503 members. It is attractively built (800) 545-2040. Thursday afternoon, Sept. 28, fol­ in traditional Santa Fe style with lowed that evening by a reception "They're pragmatic as well as beam ceilings, corner fireplaces and entertainment at the Palace pretty," Pitel explained. "Last Spanish tiles, and gardens. Th~ of the Governors, Santa Fe plaza. year, Santa Fe's annual supply of management will be happy to On Friday, Sept. 29, SFTAPresi­ guides was depleted by June, and make your arrangements and send dent Simmons will speak on the state tourism office had an 80 you a handsome color brochure. "Trails that Tie Us Together," to percent increase in inquiries that The address is 1862 Cerrillos Rd., made supplies tight by Septem­ be followed by sessions on "His­ Santa Fe, NM 87501; phone (505) panic Culture at the End of the ber. By ordering these things this 982-1931. Rates start at $42 for Trail," "Western Branches of the far in advance, people can have ~ room with double bed and that Santa Fe Trail," and an introduc­ them in hand as well as have them 1nC?ludes a continental breakfast. SU1t~S tory slide presentation on the to help plan the symposium trip." are available that sleep up Trail. A portion of the afternoon Pitel also recommends early mo­ to SIX people. providing a saving for groups. will be available for visits to mu­ tel reservations for Santa Fe not­ seums and historic sites in Santa ing that there was an 82 pe'rcent The EI Rey has only 56 units and Fe, with a late afternoon recep­ ~oom occupancy rate in the city should fi 11 rapidly. Two other tion at the National Park Service m September 1988. This rate is adjacent lodges are recommend­ headquarters building and an typical of the "City Different" in ed: Alamo Lodge, next door at update on the SFNHT plan. The the fall; other cities have much 1842 Cerillos Rd., phone (505) keynote address will be given Fri­ lower rates. "Our capital is riding 982-1841, where rates start at day evening by StewartUdall, for­ the crest of a wave of domestic $28 for a single; and Garrett's mer Secretary ofInterior and auth­ and international popularity the Thunderbird Inn, across the street or of To the Inland Empire. size of a tsunami," he explained. and down half a block from EI Rey Saturday, Sept. 30, will begin "People who want to come here of­ at 1821 Cerillos Rd.. phone (505) with a theatrical presentation, ten book their room reservations 983-4397, where rates start at months in advance." "Susan Shelby Magoffin," by ac­ $24 for a double. Both places are tress VanAnn Moore. The SFTA Pitel explained that the average also built in Santa Fe style but business meeting will follow. Af­ rate of most of the hotels in the a little less elegant. As a bac'kup, Motel 6 with 104 rooms can be ter free time to visit Santa Fe historic district exceeds $75 a recommended one mile south at sites, we will journey to EI Ran­ night. However, many of the out­ lying properties have rates below 3007 Cerrillos Rd., phone (505) cho de las Golondrinas Harvest ~73-1380, Festival, 15 miles southwest of $45 a night. The lodgers' tax rate where the single rate IS $21 and the double is $27. Santa Fe, with an evening dinner in this city of 56,000, the oldest and fandango at Golondrinas. (founded in 1609) and highest­ According to Simmons, "those elevation (7,000 feet above sea persons planning to attend the en­ On Sunday, October 1, we wi11 level) capital in the U.S., is al­ tire Symposium should make re­ tour Trail sites between Santa Fe most 9.7 percent. servations for Sept. 28, 29, 30. and Las Vegas in the morning, vis­ ~he opening event is the recep­ it Watrous and Fort Union National "For those who like historic hon at the Palace of the Governors Monument during the afternoon, properties, there's the l60-room on the plaza at 7:30 p.m.. Sept. and have an evening session on La Fonda, a former Fred Harvey 28. First-timers to Santa Fe "The Railroad and the Santa Fe property built in 1920," Pitel said. should come a day early to do Trail" in Las Vegas. For those Its rates begin at $75 for a single some general touring before the staying over in Las Vegas, there and $85 for a double. The Hotel St. Francis, an 82-room property Symposium starts. Members of the will be a walking tour on Monday hospitality committee will be at morning, October 2, which will built in 1922, has rates beginning the EI Rey to provide assistance. conclude the symposium. at $50 for a single and $60 for a double. "Both are on the National The El Rey also has parking for Additional information and reg­ Register of Historic Places. Both buses." istration forms will be sentto all are a 10-minute walk away from The Symposium moves to Las SFTA members soon. You are the convention center and spill Vegas on October I, and those encouraged to register and make onto streets full of shops, gal­ wishing to reserve a room there motel reservations early. leries, and gourmet restaurants." might contact the Plaza Hotel, The La Fonda, like the Plaza Ho­ 230 on the Old Town Plaza, Las TRAVEL AND LODGING tel in Las Vegas, is a member of Vegas, NM 87701 (505)425-3591. For a free brochure about Las Those planning to attend the the Association of Historic Ho­ Vegas, contact the Chamber of Symposium in Santa Fe can re­ tels of the Rocky Mountain West. Pitel recommends two toll-free Commerce, 727 Grand Ave., Las quest free tourist information, Vegas, NM 87701. according to SFTAPublicity Coor­ room-reservation services that dinator Mike Pitel. They should are linked to more than 40 of Santa Additional information on lodg­ ask for the 1989 Santa Fe Visitor Fe's 50 lodging facilities (there ing and restaurants will be sent Guide by contacting the Santa Fe is no price markup passed on to out with registration materials. Convention & Visitor Bureau, P. O. travelers): Santa Fe Central Re­ Make plans now to be in Santa Fe Box 909, Santa Fe, NM 87504 (800) servations at (800) 982-7669 and this fall. cowboy structures before any more deter­ ed. Hats off to Pitel, Franzwa, band Horse Sense will perform on ioration can take place. The com­ Powers, Governor Hayden, and the the Bloom House grounds, former mittee meets twice a month and departments of transportation in home of Trinidad cattleman Frank has made some headway. Recent­ all five states. G. Bloom. Horse Sense is famous ly, the open window frames of the for a scholarly and entertaining Boggs house were covered, thus PRAIRIE MONUMENT IS look at the historic music of the preventing snow and rain from en­ AUDUBON SOCIETY PLAN cowpuncher. Many herds ofTexas tering the home. cattle were driven north through The committee has made an The National Audubon Society Raton Pass, and this concert will agreement with Dr. William has signed an option to buy a be a fitting reminder of those Buckles of the University of 10,894-acre Kansas Flint Hills days. Southern Colorado whereby a team Ranch and hopes that Congress During both daysofthefestival, of student archeologists will con­ will appropriate funds to create booths will line Trinidad's Main duct an archeological survey of a prairie national monument. and Commercial streets, offering the Boggsville site this summer. Located south of Council Grove, traditionaI foods, antiques, and Once the survey is completed, only a few miles from the route handcrafted items. The ninth an­ work crews will be allowed to in­ of the Santa Fe Trail, the Spring nual Quilt Show, always well at­ stall protective braces against Hill Ranch (also known as the Z tended, will again coincide with the leaning north wall of the Bar Ranch) contains a large block other festival activities. of pristine tallgrass prairie, fine Prowers house. For further information about hills, and a flowing stream. There Much work still awaits the com­ events and requirements for booth is a large stone house, stone mittee. For those interested in space, contact Trinidad Down­ barn, a one-room schoolhouse, contributing volunteer hours or town Area Development Corp.. 100 and other buildings. donations, contact Marge Huff­ E. Main #304, Trinidad, CO 81082 man, Chair, Boggsville Restora­ Ron Klataske, regional vice­ (719) 846-4550. See the flyer en­ tion Committee, P. O. Box 68, Las president of the Audubon Society, closed in this issue of WT. Animas, CO 81054 or call (719) would like to see the ranch pre­ 456-1131. served and developed into a na­ tional monument with a living­ TRAIL ISSUE DUE SOON history ranching operation, his­ LAS VEGAS EXHIBIT torical exhibits, and areas desig­ The April 1989 issue of Journal of the West will be devoted to A special exhibit, "Las Vegas nated for hiking and horseback riding. Other possibilities in­ "The Mexican Road: Trade, Travel and the Santa Fe Trail ," comprised and Confrontation on the Santa Fe of historic photographs and ar­ clude wildlife management and nature trai 1s. The major portion of Trail." Edited by Mark L. Gardner, tifacts from the area, including the issue will include articles by Fort Union, will be on display un­ the ranch could continue to be used for livestock grazing. Marc Simmons, David Sandoval, til the end of March 1989 at the Jere Krakow, Katie Davis Gardner, The Society is seeking support Antonio Sanchez Cultural Center and six others. in Las Vegas, NM. The Center, at for this project and plans to raise 166 Bridge, is just off the Old the money to purchase the ranch Additional details and ordering Town Plaza in Las Vegas and on if Congress does not. For further information will be provided in the next WT. Later, in time for the the route of the Santa Fe Trail information, contact Ron Kla­ through the city. It is open taske, West Central Regional Of­ Symposium, a book edition of these articles plus two more will Monday-Friday, 9 am to 1 pm and fice, National Audubon Society, be released by the publishers of 2:45 to 5 pm. The exhibit demon­ 200 Southwind Place, Manhattan, strates the importance of the Trail KS 66502 (913) 537-4385.

-6- JOSEPHINE LOUISE BARRY the Society's manuscript division its value as a resource to histori­ which was then considered a li­ ans and dreamed of publishing the TRAIL SCHOLAR brary position. parts as a single volume. He had by Joseph W. SneIl Within the next 15 months five little success in obtaining an ap­ [Joseph W. SneIl is Emeritus more articles appeared in The propriation for the project, how­ Executive Director of the Kansas Kansas Historical Quarterly but ever, and at times it seemed as State Historical Society and suddenly they stopped. for Louise if it were doomed. One year, how­ SFTA vice-president.] had obtained a commission in the ever, Nyle found some "extra" Serious students of the history United States Naval Reserve and money in the Society's budget and of the Santa Fe Trail. and of the spent the next three years on ac­ ordered, without legislative auth­ development of the American tive duty in Washington. Denver. ority. that typesetting begin. West. are familiar with Louise and California. With that underway he went to Barry's Beginning of the West. A It was during her military serv­ the governor, the division of the ponderous volume of 1.296 pages. ice that Louise contracted the budget, and the legislature to it is actually a detailed annals disease which plagued her the plead for funds with which to com­ of the area that would become remainder of her life. I understand plete the project. Though he was Kansas. from 1540 to June 30, she was in both naval and Veter­ gently chastised for exceeding 1854. ans Administration hospitals un­ his authority, his reputation for Those same students know that til 1947. when she returned to the integrity among state leaders car­ Barry was also the author of Kansas State Historical Society ried the day and. in 1972, the vol­ several articles dealing with ear­ as a part-time staff member. Al­ ume appeared. ly road ranches and Trail cross­ most immediately her articles Though there were those on the ings inKansas. but few know any­ began appearing in the Quarterly staff, I particularly, who thought thing about the author. her back­ again. the ponderous and difficult style ground. or her credentials.ltwas Her illness forced her to take of the book would make it unac­ my pleasure to be on the staff of another leave of absence from ceptable to the general public. the Kansas State Historical 1951 until May 1954, when she re­ historians lauded its content. Don Society with Louise Barry from turned to the staff as a half-time Russell. the grand old man of ama­ 1957 until herdeath in early 1974. worker under the conditions men­ teur historians, wrote that itwas To the newcomers on the staff tioned above. From that point on a book "no library can afford to Louise was somewhat of a mys­ she began to produce prodigious be without." The Tri-State Trad­ tery because she did not work the amounts of work. er, a genealogical publication, same hours or in the same place In addition to her duty of prepar­ predicted it would become "a as the rest of us. We never saw ing the annual index of The K an­ 'classic' source book of Western her but her reputation permeated sas Historical Quarterly. Louise Americana." The Missouri Histor­ the Society like an all-encom­ was assigned the task of compil­ ical Review called it "a fascinat­ passing spirit. Some mornings, ing a detailed index of all the ing volume ... [Which] has to when we came to work. we would Society's periodic publications be examined before one can really see evidences of her presence but which were issued from its found­ appreciate the tremendous range we never saw her. Because of an ing in 1875 until the Quarterly and scope of its content." illness she had been fighting for began publication in 1931. Called The American Association for some years, the director of the the Comprehensive Index, 1875­ State and Local History recog­ Society scheduled Louise's work 1930, to CoIlections, Biennial Re­ nized the book as a "monumental as half-time and directed that it ports, and Publications of the annals" which embraced over 300 be performed at home and in what Kansas State Historical Society. years of the Trans-Mississippi is now the Kansas Center for His­ it was published in 1959. (Col­ West and presented Louise an torical Research after hours. With lections referred to the Kansas award. that schedule. no telephones to Historical CoIlections, an annual Good as it was, though, sales bother her, and a strictwork eth­ journal which preceded the Quar­ dragged and we were all disap­ ic, Louise produced a prodigious terly.) Three years earlier the pointed that the 6.000-volume amount of historical research and Society had published the second inventory seemed to remain con­ writing. volume of its Annals of Kansas, stant when it reached the 4,000 Born near Manhattan, Kansas. in 1886-1925. which Louise had al­ mark. Even today the Society's 1910. she obtained a bachelor's so indexed. makeshift storerooms devote a degree from whatwas then Kansas In1961 began the publication of great deal of space to this excel­ State College in 1931 and three her material which was later de­ lent source book which few peo­ years later earned a B.S. in library scribed by the Colorado Magazine ple buy. science from the University of Il­ as "a tremendous historical pag­ With the publication of the linois. It was as a librarian that eant of the early farwestern fron­ book, Louise began writing arti­ she joined the staff of the Kansa s tier." The first installmentofwhat cles for the Quarterly once more State Historical Society in May would later become The Beginning and in the next few months 1936. of the West appeared in the produced a series of them which Though she performed her duties Spring 1961 issue of the Quarter­ were offshoots from her Beginning well, she gave little indication of ly as "Kansas Before 1854: A Revi­ of the West research. her future status as an historian sed Annals." It continued without Then suddenly, as though her until 1942, when herfirstarticle, pause for a total of 24 install­ life's work was completed, dealing with the military road ments (six annual volumes) of the Louise Barry died in February from Fort Leavenworth to FortGib­ journal. 1974. I was then curator of manu­ son. appeared in the Society's As the publication continued, scripts for the Kansas State His­ journal. It was about this same Kansas State Historical Society torical Society. With Nyle Miller, time that she was made head of Director Nyle Miller recognized I went to Louise's west-side

-7- Topeka home to collect her gust 1951):269-286. POST OFFICE OAK papers. Thinking we would find a With joyce Farlow, "Vincent B. -LETTERS- mountain of notes from which doz­ Osborne's Civil War Exper­ ens of articles could be written, iences," Kansas Historical Editor: we were actually appalled at the Quarterly, 20 (May & August I am interested in joining the dearth of material we found. Ap­ 1952):108-133, 187-223. SFTA. I had a lot of ancestors who parently she had written all she "With the First U.S. Cavalry in came from Madison County, Ken­ intended to write and had, indeed, Indian Country, 1859-1861," tucky, in 1817andsettledinwhat reached the end of her career. Kansas Historical Quarterly, is now Howard and Boone coun­ Through the pages of The Begin­ 24 (Autumn & Winter 1958): ties, Missouri. Several of them ning of the West Louise Barry 257-284, 399-425. engaged in merchandising in San­ achieved an immortality few of us "Kansas Before 1854: A Revised ta Fe over the Santa Fe Trail. Most will ever obtain. Every time Annals," a 24-part series, Kan­ of them lived out the restoftheir anyone consults the volume, his­ sas Historical Quarterly, 27 lives in and around Howard Coun­ tory will be saying a silent"thank (Spring 1961) through 33 (Au­ ty and are buried in the cemetery yOU" to one of the most outstand­ tumn 1967). at Roanoke, MO, which is near Old ing historical researchers who Franklin. the st.arting point of the "Charles Robinson-Yankee '4ger: ever lived. Trail. His journey to California," Kansas Historical Quarterly, My great-grandfather Rice Pat­ Articles by Louise Barry appear­ 34 (Summer 1968): 179-188. terson made eight trips over the Trail. He started before he was ing in Kansas State Historical "A Kansas Cattle Ranch: The Amer­ Society publications: of age and had to get permission ican Cattle Company's 23,000 from his father. He started about ''The Fort Leavenworth-Fort Gib­ Acres in Clark County," Kan­ 1826 as a mule skinner and next son Military Road and the sas Historical Quarterly, 35 as a merchant. He took thirty or Founding of Fort Scott," Kansas (Spring 1969):46-49. forty wagons in a caravan loaded Historical Quarterly, 11 (May "The Ranch at Walnut Creek Cross­ with goods for sale in Santa Fe 1942):115-129. ing," Kansas Historical Quar­ and as far as Chihuahua. He "Overland to the Gold Fields of terly, 37 (Summer 1971):121­ stayed in Santa Fe three years and California in 1852: The journal 147. learned to read, write, and speak of john Hawkins Clark, Expand­ "The Ranch at Little Arkansas Spanish fluently. He was an in­ ed and Revised From Notes Crossing," Kansas Historical terpreter for the Spanish servants Made During the journey," Kan­ Quarterly, 38 (Autumn 1972): of Antonio jose Chavez, in his sas Historical Quarterly, 11 287-294. murder trial at St. Louis in 1844. (August 1942):227-296. ''The Ranch at Cow Creek Crossing I am also ~elated to the Gentry "Albert D. Richardson's Letters on (Beach Valley. P.O.)," Kansas family that was active in the San­ the Pike's Peak Gold Region; Historical Quarterly. 38(Win­ ta Fe trade. Richard Gentry made Written to the Editor of the Law­ ter 1972):416-444. several trips beginning in 1827. rence Republican, May 22­ "The Ranch at the Great Bend," Reuben Gentry made his first trip August 25, 1860," KansasHis­ Kansas Historical Quarterly, in 1832 and was active for the torical Quarterly, 12 (Febru­ 39 (Spring 1973):96-100. next fourteen years. Nicholas ary 1943):14-57. "Fort Aubrey," Kansas Historical Gentry made his first trip in 1825 ''The Emigrant Aid Company Par­ Quarterly, 39 (Summer 1973): and was actively engaged in the ties of 1854," Kansas Histor­ 188-199. Santa Fe trade for the next thirty ical Quarterly, 12 (May 1943): years. 115-155. ''The Ranch at Cimarron Crossing," Thad Patterson Kansas Historical Quarterly, Box 1295 "The New England Emigrant Aid 39 (Autumn 1973):345-366. Company Parties of 1855," Kan­ Seagraves, TX 79359 ''The Kansa Indians and the Cen­ sas Historical Quarterly, 12 Welcome to SFTA Mr. Patterson. (August 1943):227-268. sus of 1843," Kansas Histor­ ical Quarterly, 39 (Winter I hope you will share further de­ "Circuit-Riding in SouthwestKan­ 1973):478-490. tails about your trading ances­ sas in 1885 and 1886: The Let­ tors with our readers. An article ters of jeremiah Evarts Platt," about Richard Gentry appeared Kansas Historical Quarterly, The Beginning of the West is in the August 1987 WT. Would you 12 (November 1943):378-389. available from the Kansas State provide similar pieces about the Historical Society, Center for "William Clark's Diary, May, others you mentioned for future Historical Research, 120 West issues? Thanks for your interest 1826- February, 1831," Kansas Tenth, Topeka, KS 66612 for Historical Quarterly, 16 and the information. $10.95 each. A shipping charge of Editor (1948):1-39, 136-174, 274­ $1.00 is made for mail orders. and 305, 384-410. Kansas residents should add $.55 Editor: ''The Renaming of Robidoux Creek, sales tax. Louise Barry articles In the last WT Don Blakeslee's Marshall County," Kansas His­ are available from the same article, ''The Rattlesnake Creek torical Quarterly, 17 (May source. and Walnut Creek Crossings of the 1950):159-163. Arkansas," states that William "Legal Hangings in Kansas," Kan­ Becknell probably crossed the Ar­ sas Historical Quarterly, 17 kansas near the mouth of Rattle­ (August 1950):279-301. snake Creek on his second trading mission in 1822. At the Coronado­ "A British Bride in Manhattan, 1890-1891: The journal of Mrs. Quivira Museum in Lyons there is Stuart james Hogg," Kansas a large Rice County map which shows a "Kanses crossing Place" Historical Quarterly, 19 (Au- -8- near the mouth of Rattlesnake before seen the dress and governor-general and all the Creek. This map is the excellent eqUipage of the white man. officers of state, are of the mixed work of the late Parker F. Parish After leaving these friendly blood of Montezuma. In this place and is extremely accurate in Indians, we were cheered in 8 or there is but one officer of justice, every detail. This crossing is pro­ 10 days with the far distant ap­ the alcalde, and he has nothing to bably the same one referred to by pearance of the Rocky Mountains. do. Prof. Blakeslee. From day to day, as we approa­ The commerce of Santa Fe is cer­ ched them, the beauty of the scen­ tainly very considerable; and al­ While showing a photographer ery increased, and when within though there is but one gold mine around the Trail remains in my twenty miles, the reflection of the worked here now, and one copper area, I recently discovered on sun through the snow that eternal­ mine, yet the daily receipts afford private property south of Plum ly crowns their highest peaks, is about 600 or 700 dollars nett. The Buttes, at the "gunsight notch," splendid beyond description. Here number of hands employed at work ruts that are even more profound the traveller beholds a chain of IS from 100 to 220. The revolution and dramatic than those on my many hundred, nay, thousands of has set every thing back here in miles, varied with nothing but the the mining departments, as they property. There are four ruts that white caps of snow and rou~h and are generally held by natives of old converge into two deep ruts up the terrific precipices, until you reach .Spain, and accounted forfeits to east slope of the ridge, giving a the crossings of Red River, at the the general government after the whole new concept of the volume foot of the mountains; and here the revolution. of traffic that obviously traveled pine and cedar tree on the moun­ I start in two or three days for the Trail. They cross the ridge tain side and in the valley again California. Our company consists of very close together and separate greet the eye. On this plain we about 200 Americans and Span­ and become four ruts again on the encountered about 300 Eutaw war­ iards, to co-operate with the west slope of the ridge. I'm still riors; but after repeated skirmish­ Columbia caravan on 1st January, ing, they were fain to retreat with­ amazed at all the Trail evidence 1842, at Monterey, on the bay of out effecting any damage of con­ St. Francisco. We expect the that remains in Rice County. sequence. From here to the good Ralph Hathaway governor will allow us to settle, and town of Bogas, we found water, concede to us certain lands. RR I, Box 28 wood, and good cheer. We arrived Chase, KS 67524 in this city on the 2d JUly, all in Table of distances on the route good health, in less than two from Independence, (Missouri,) to months, the quickest trip ever Santa Fe. COUNCIL TROVE made over the desert. Miles. To Camp Grove, 16 -DOCUMENTS­ Santa Fe is situated in a valley Big Blue river ford, 16 10 miles long, and from 2 to 5 wide, Round Grove, 14 TRAIL TRIP, 1841 surrounded by immense mountains (concluded from last issue) Belmont, 20 covered with pine and cedar trees, Left-hand Grove, 18 The first part of this journal by and affords the most beautiful Right-hand Grove, 18 an unidentified traveler, original­ scene the eye can conceive, or the Elk Creek, 5 ly printed in Charles J. Folsom's mind imagine. It is the seat of gov­ Marie des Cignes, 11 ernment of New Mexico, and is Rock Creek, 5 Mexico (1842), appeared in the commanded by a governor-gen­ last WT. It covered the trip to the Prairie Camp, ...... 13 eral. It is also a military post, port Indian Camp, 9 crossing of the Arkansas. The of entry, and depository of all the concluding part. with the table of High-water Creek, 15 ancient archives of the neighboring Council Grove on Neosho, 8 distances. follows. The original states. The houses are built of Plain Creek, 5 spelling has not been changed, unburnt bricks, two feet long, six Diamond Spring, 8 and the distances are somewhat inches deep, and one foot· wide, Prairie Spring 8 exaggerated (the total mileage made with straw and mud, and Hook's Spring (in prairie), 8 given is approximately lOOmiles dried in the sun; and such is their Cotton-wood Grove, 18 durabilty, that many houses are Lake Camp, 13 farther than the actual distance). standing more than 200 years old, This list of distances was pub­ Small Creek. .. 20 and look well; they are only one Little Arkansas, 18 lished two years before Josiah story high, handsomely white­ Gregg's famous table and has dif­ Branch of Cow Creek, 12 washed inside, with dirt floors. Main Cow Creek, 13 ferent names formany campsites. Even the palace in which his excel­ Arkansas river, 15 From the Arkansas river, the lency resides, has no other than Walnut Creek, 20 scarcity of water commences, and a dirt floor. but they are generally Ash Creek 24 even the little to be had is so deeply covered with carpets; the houses Pawnee fork of Arkansas, 8 impregnated with salt, sulphur, are covered with stones and dirt, Plain Camp, 15 &c., that stern necessity alone and are flat-roofed, perfectly Little Pond, 21 brings the traveller to the use of weather-proof. The town contains Small Drain, 20 it. On the Simerone river there are six churches, generally richly fitted Anderson's Caches, on the one or two good springs, at one out. The population is about 8,000, Arkansas, 20 of which we met 500 warriors of all rigid Roman Catholics. It is situat­ Pond Camp, west of the the Arapahoe Indians, who treated ed on a small branch of the Rio Arkansas river, 7 us with a proper friendship, being Grande del Norte. about 14 miles The Two Ponds, 22 elated with their success ten days from the main river, which is here Several Ponds, 19 before, when in battle they killed near the size of the Wabash, at The Lake, 12 seventy-six Pawnees. We grati­ Vincinnes. Sandy Creek, 12 fied them by encamping on the The inhabitants are honest-per­ Zone Pond, 14 battle-ground, where the unburied haps more so than those of the Small Pool, 22 bodies were yet almost unbroken. same class in the United States; The Semiron , 8 The next day we visited their lodge, and proud and vain of their blood, Nitre Camp, 21 six miles from the battle-ground, both the descendants of the an­ The Willows, 7 where we had a full view of savage cient Spaniards of unmixed de­ Saltpetre Camp, in view of life in a perfect state of nature; scent, and those of the Spaniards Sugar-house mound 10 amongst 500 women and children, and Indians. The pure blood cannot Upper Semiron Spring, 10 there were but few who had ever hold office here; the present Seven Mile Creek, 7 -9- Drain Camp, 8 The journey was made in the early ed into these conferences to act Two Pools, 17 autumn and the millions of yellow as interpreter. Finally, at the Rocky Pool, 8 blossoms bordering the white and youthful age of 16, he was appoint­ Bad Water, 7 dusty road impressed Addison ed official interpreter at a salary Sugar Loaf, 5 Stubbs greatly. of $400 a year. He thus became the youngest official Indian in­ Kiawa Camp, 10 Young Stubbs was walking ahead terpreter America ever had. Sabine Camp, 15 of the wagons with Miss Mattie Round Mound, 4 Townsend, who later became a When Mahlon Stubbs left his farm Rocky Branch, 12 teacher in the mission school, near Lawrence to resume his work Summit Level, in view of when he had his first sight of as Indian agent near Council Grove, Rocky Mountains, 8 Indians. he invited his younger brother to Hart's Camp, 6 come from Iowa and take care of Point of Rocks, 10 A woman and boy were crossing the land. With this brother came Deep Hollow, 7 the trail ahead. The boy's head his son, W. R. StUbbs, who later was shaved and was painted a Canadian Fork, 15 on became governor of Kansas. bright red. It looked like blood and Mule Creek, 6 A. W. Stubbs again made the trip Pilot Knobs, 19 young Stubbs was so frightened he ran back to the wagons screaming. over the Santa Fe trail to Council Tar Kiln Grove, 20 Grove. While driving along they EI Moro 10 He learned afterward that the wo­ man was one of the wives of AI­ began to notice how numerous EI Sapioto 2 grasshoppers were and young Rio las Guienas, 18 legawahu, later head chief of the Kanzas, and the boy was their son. Stubbs amused himself by flicking San Magil, (village,) 25 them with the long whip he carried. Santa Fe, 40 The mission included two build­ Before they reached their destin­ [Total] 877 ings, each 30 by 60 feet, two stories high. One was the re­ ation they saw that every sprig of •••• • sidence of the missionary and his vegetation had been eaten clean TRAIL & INDIAN RECOLLECTIONS helpers. The other was the school by the vastly increased number of OF ADDISON W. STUBBS, 1927 with sleeping rooms for the India~ grasshoppers, with the exception Don Cress at Council Grove sent pupils on the second floor. of sorghum. The insects would not touch that. This was the first visi­ this item from the Kanas City It was necessary for the elder tation of grasshoppers in the his­ Journal-Post, March 20, 1987. Stubbs to ride over a wide territory tory of Kansas. Cress reports that, "as a boy I bef<:>re he could enlist enough played in the old Indian cabins pupils for the school and when it Government officials came from Washington to the Quaker mission that were built for them [Kaws] by opened there were forty Indian children in attendance, all but two at Council Grove, calling together the government. With my uncle I a great array of Indian chiefs and have stopped at Fremont Spring of them boys. A. W. Stubbs attend­ ed school with the Indians, joined head men to negotiate treaties for for a drink of cold water." in their sports and games and dur­ the removal of the tribes to Indian A broad highway between 100 ing the three years of this exper­ territory. The 16-year-old in­ and 300 feet wide, beaten by hoofs ience, became proficient in their terpreter acted as intermediary and wheels until hardly a blade of language. and his work went into the public grass reared its head over the en­ ... Mahlon Stubbs served as records. tire route and lined on both sides head of the Quaker mission at ... Addison W. StubbS wrote a with millions of wild sunflowers. Council Grove for three years, at romance of the Kanza Indians in Such was the historical old Santa the end of which time he was ap­ verse, which was published in book Fe trail of the Civil War period as pointed federal Indian agent. He form by the Gorham Press, Boston. recalled by Addison W. StubbS, . held the position for one year, It traces the removal of the Kaw Kansas City, Kas. when he was succeeded by a Indians from the junction of the Mis­ Graphic word pictures of the fa­ Democrat appointed by President souri and Kaw rivers to their reser­ mous route to the Southwest are Andrew Johnson. Then the family vation near Council Grove. A love painted by Mr. Stubbs, who as a removed to a farm near Lawrence. story is interwoven in the narra­ tive. Of the old Santa Fe trail, as youth attended an Indian school at In 1869 Ulysses S. Grant ... he learned of it from the Indians Council Grove, Kas, on the Santa inaugurated the Grant plan for the Fe trail, and who also was the treatment of Indians. General Grant themselves before white men had come to use it extensively, Mr. youngest official Indian interpreter was convinced from reports made Stubbs wrote: In the history of this country. to him that the Indian troubles in Day by day the mighty concourse, Mr. Stubbs officiated in the con­ the West during and after the Civil Moving slowly to the westward, ferences that led to the removal war were provoked largely by white Crossed the gently rolling prairie. of the redmen from the trails and persons (a conclusion with which Camped at night on rippling brooklets A. W. Stubbs fully agrees) and de­ Where they feasted on the wild deer, from all of Kansas to Indian terri­ Antelope and swift jaCk rabbits tory. He is a first cousin of former termined to turn over the manage­ That were brought in by the hunters Gov. W. R. Stubbs of Kansas and ment of the Indians to the church­ Skining either side the old trail now is 72 years old. es, in the hope they might be treat­ That was afterward made famous ed more fairly. The Kanzas fell to By Freemont, the old pathfinder. Addison Stubbs came to Kansas And the freight trains heavy laden with his parents in 1863, when he the supervision of the Quakers. Bearing goods to mountain regions, The churches were asked to Bringing back the gold and silver was 8 years old. His father, Mahlon That the paleface had discovered Stubbs, had been chosen at the select their own agents. For the In the gorges and the canons yearly meeting of the Friends (Qua­ Kanzas, they selected Mahlon Of the rugged Roc k y mountains. kers) .of .Indiana to take charge of Stubbs.... The headquarters of Six days out they reached a river, Largest one they had encountered. the miSSion for Kanza Indians near the new Indian agent was Kaw Here they found in countless thousands Council Grove. agency, near Council Grove. Herds of bison in the valley, Then began a series of confer­ On the border of the river After reaching Leavenworth in a Which they called, still call, Neosho, long journey partly by boat' and ences with the Indians to bring Meaning there is water in It. partly by rail, the company, in two about more amicable relations with Here they camped and long they feasted. wagons, proceeded to the Santa the white invaders, and because More might be quoted from The Fe trail and then moved westward Addison W. Stubbs had gone to Indian Princes, Me-Nung-Gah, con­ over that historic highway to the school and played with Indians from cerning the Santa Fe trail in the old mission bUildings near Council the time he was 8 years old until days, ... but this excerpt gives Grove. he was 16, he frequently was call- the outline of the picture.

-10- Panoramic view of Fort Larned National Historic Site, December 1988. FORT LARNED NATIONAL HISTORIC SITE by George Elmore

[Ed. note: This is the ninth in a consisted of an officer's quar­ and Plains Apache, and Colonel series on museums and historic ters. two combination store­ Jesse Leavenworth, for the Kiowa sites along the Trail. George houses and barracks, a guard­ and Comanche, located their of­ Elmore is a resource manage­ house, two laundresses' quar­ fices at Fort Lamed. After 1868, ment specialist at Fort Larned ters, and a hospital. Later addi­ when the Indians were placed on NHS.] tions included a bakery, meat­ reservations in present Ok­ house, and shops building. For lahoma, the agencies were re­ In the heart of the vast rolling the most part these buildings located to Fort Cobb. Indian Ter­ prairie of Kansas, near Pawnee were poorly constructed and inad­ ritory. Fork, is located the best-pre­ equate. However, with the erup­ The foundations for peace were served 1860s-1870s military post tion of the Civil War in 1861. laid throughout the 1860s with the on the Santa Fe Trail, FortLamed these structures were to remain 1861 Treaty of Fort Wise and sub­ National Historic Site. Today the until appropriations for new per­ sequent treaties of the Little Ar­ nine original sandstone struc­ manent structures could be made kansas in 1865 and Medicine tures have been restored on the in 1866. Lodge in 1867. However, contin­ exterior to their appearance in The Civi1 War affected Fort Lar­ ued Indian raids, coupled with ru­ 1868. The reconstructed block­ ned in several ways. The immedi­ mors and false reports of Indian house and flagstaff help complete ate effect was the removal of reg­ uprisings being planned, caused the feeling that you have stepped ular army troops from the post, the military to withhold some an­ back into time. who were sentto fight in the East, nuities such as arms and ammuni­ Fort Lamed came into existence and the gradual replacement of tion. This withholding of annui­ on October 22, 1859, in response them with volunteer troops from ties, which had been promised in to the need to protect the con­ Kansas. Colorado. and Wiscon­ return for a peace settlement, stantly increasing traffic and the sin. caused the Indians to conclude recently-established stage sta­ The Plains Indians took advan­ the treaties were not being honor­ tions on the Trail from the resist­ tage of the opportunity to strike, ed by the United States. ance of the Plains Indians. The while the Civil Wardivertedmili­ In the spring of 1867, in an at­ post was first called "Camp on tary attention to the East. Indian tempt to defeat the Plains Indians Pawnee Fork." On February I, raids and harassment of travelers who had not moved onto their as­ 1860, orders were issued chang­ along the Trail increased. forcing signed reservations. Major Gener­ ing the name to "Camp Alert" travelers to seek protection at al Winfield S. Hancock organized because the small garrison of Fort Lamed. On July 17,1864, a force of 1,400 troops to march about 50 men had to remain con­ Kiowa Indians raided Fort Lamed along the Santa Fe TraiI and deal stantly alert for Indians. and were able to steal 172 horses with Indians as necessary to In May 1860 the garrison was in­ and mules from the corral. They enforce the treaties. His com­ creased to 160 men, and Captain were pursued butnever caught. In mand included four companiesof Henry W. Wessells arrived with 1865 a system of escorting wagon the newly-organized Seventh orders to build a permanent post. trains was established. and all Cavalry under Lieutenant Colonel He selected a new site about 2~ merchants were forbidden travel (Brevet Major General) George A. miles upstream and requested the westward beyond Fort Larned Custer. This campaign was Cus­ name to be changed to Fort Lamed without an armed escort. ter's and the Seventh's introduc­ to honor Colonel Benjamin F. Lar­ Starting in 1862 and lasting un­ tion to Plains Indian warfare. The ned, U. S. Army PaymasterGeneral til 1868, Fort Lamed served as an campaign resulted in General (1854-1862). The new name be­ agency of the Indian Bureau and Hancock's burning a Cheyenne came official on May 29, 1860. a distribution point for annuities. and Sioux village of about 300 By the year's end the soldiers Indian agents Edward W. Wyn­ lodges, located approximately 30 had constructed an adobe fort. It koop, for the Cheyenne. Arapaho. miles up the Pawnee Fork from

-11- Fort Larned. As a result of Major General Philip H. Sheridan's winter cam­ paign in 1868, including Custer's destruction of Black Kettle's Cheyenne village at the Washita on November 27,1868,mostofthe Indians in the Fort Larned area were forced onto reservations. From 1866 to 1868 the sod and adobe structures at Fort Larned were replaced by the sandstone buildings that survive today. Henry M. Stanley, later well­ known for his rescue of David Liv­ ingstone in Africa, wrote after his second visit to Fort Larned inOc­ tober 1867, "a complete change has been effected at Fort Larned. ... The shabby, vermin-breeding adobe and wooden houses have been torn down, and new and stately buildings of hewn sand­ stone stand in their stead." When compared to many of the other Living-history soldiers in front of barracks at Fort Larned NHS. frontier posts in the late 1860s and 1870s, Fort Larned was an impressive military complex. By 1871 escorts were not needed for wagon trains using the Santa Fe Trail. However, survey and construction crews of the Atchi­ son, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad were given protection. The road of iron rails, with its cheaper and faster transportation, quickly re­ placed the wagon road of dust and mud. By the end of 1872 the Santa Fe Railroad had pushed all the way across Kansas. With the military importance of Fort Larned gone, the post was abandoned on July 13, 1878, except for a small guard force to protect the buildings. On March 26, 1883, the Fort Lamed Military Reservation was transferred from the War Department to the General Land Office, Department of the In­ terior. The buildings and land were sold at public auction in 1884. For the next 80 years the old fort was utilized in ranching and farm­ ing operations. The buildings were altered to meet the needs of Even in the 1860s paper work was endless. Living-historian Charles the private landowners. Fortun­ Smith in the orderly room at Fort Larned NHS. ately they realized the historic Today, as you visit Fort Lamed watch and listen as soldiers drill value of the place and did much NHS, you can still experience o~ the parad.e g~ound.' an.d talk to preserve the structures. many of the same sights and WIth an offIcer s WIfe In her Attention was drawn to the his­ sounds that greeted travelers on quarters. torical significance ofthe post in the Santa Fe Trail. Through resto- The park's museum exhibits, 1957 when the Fort Larned Histor­ ration of the extant buildings and audio-visual program, furnished ical Society was founded to reconstruction of the well buildings, and book sales area all develop and open the site as a houses, fences, flagstaff, and help commemorate the history of tourist attraction. In 1961 Fort blockhouse, the post has as- this military post. It takes only Larned was designated a National sumed its 1868 appearance. a little imagination to capture a Landmark. In 1964 Congress auth­ Through the park's living-history feeling of what the soldiers and orized the National Park Service programs, today's visitor can the travelers, traders, merchants, to incorporate Fort Larned as a catch the aroma of meals being buffalo hunters, miners, and oth- unit of the National Park System. prepared in the barracks kitchen, ers who traveled the Santa Fe

-12- Trail experienced. in the village. This handsome vol­ The first of the three roads con­ Fort Larned NHS has several ume contains 78 illustrations. siderd in this book is the Santa special events each year, 0e • • • • • Fe Trail. But only a brief overview foremost occurring on Memonal Sharon Niederman, A Quilt of is provided. up to the year 1846. Day, Fourth of July, and Labor Day Words: Women's Diaries, Let­ Those versed in the Trail's his­ weekends. On these weekends the ters 8f Original Accounts of Life tory will find no surprises ornew fort comes alive with living­ in the Southwest, 1860-1960. information. The second road is history activities and demonstra­ Boulder: Johnson Books. 1988. the one pioneered by merchant tions. During the summer months Pp. 221. lllus. Cloth, $15.95, plus Henry Connelley's party in 1839. park rangers and vo~u?teer~ pre­ $2 postage. Order from Johnson from Chihuahua City diagonally sent a variety of hVIng-hlstory Books, 1800 So. 57th Court. Boul­ across Texas to Fort Towson in programs, talks, and gUi.d~d der, CO 80301. southeast Oklahoma. It never tours. Throughout the year VISI­ caught on. partly because ofwa­ tors may choose to explore the All fifteen accounts ofwomen's ter shortages. fort on their own and/or take a experiences in the Southwest pre­ sented here are useful and read­ The story of the third road walk through Kansas prairie along begins on page 43 and engages able, butthe one that will interest the park's one-mile "history the authors' attention for the rest trail." Only a short drive from the SFTA members is Flora Spiegel­ berg, "Reminiscences ofa Jewish of the book. Starting at Indianola fort visitors can see extensive on the Texas Gulf coast. this route Bride of the Santa Fe Trail." Mrs. San~a Fe Trail wagon ruts in a 44­ went to San Antonio. then wound acre detached section ofthe park. Spiegelberg traveled the Trail by stagecoach and army ambulance through western Texas, crossing To obtain more information the Rio Grande in the Big Bend. in 1875 in the company of her new a bout Fort Larned or make and following Connelley's earlier husband, Willi. She says that she advance arrangements for a visit, was the eighth American woman trail to Chihuahua City. The auth­ you can write to Superintendent. ors call this "The Chihuahua Road" to take up residence in Santa Fe. Fort Larned NHS, RR 3, Larned, KS and claim it carried more traffic Most of the chapter deals with her between 1850 and 1877 than the 67550 or call (316) 285-6911. En­ life there. This volume has no Santa Fe Trail! trance fees are $1.00 for individu­ notes nor index. als 17 to 61 years of age or $3.00 • • • • • • • • • • per carload. The park is open John M. Townley, Howard Bryan, Wildest of the The Trail every day of the year, except on West: A Bibliography-Index to Thanksgiving, Christmas, and Wild West: True Tales of a Fron­ tier Town on the Santa Fe Trail. Western American Trails, 1841­ New Year's day. Park hours are Reno: Great Basin Studies Santa Fe: Clear Light Publishers, 1869. 8:00 am to 6:00 pm from Memorial Center, 1988. Pp. 309. Map, index. 1988. Pp. 269. Illus., maps. bib­ Day weekend to Labor Day week­ Cloth, $29.95, plus $1.50 pos­ liog., index. Cloth. $17.95, plus end and 9:00 am to 5:00 pm the tage. Order from Great Basin $2 postage. Order from Clear Light remainder of the year. Fort Larned Studies Center, 7115 Pembroke Publishers. 823 Don Diego, Santa is located six miles west ofLar­ Dr .. Reno, NV 89502. ned on Highway 156. Fe. NM 87501. Over 7,500 diaries, journals. This handsome book contains recollections, books, articles, short tales that form part of the and graduate theses have been early history of Las Vegas, NM. comprehensively indexed in this Many of the episodes deal direct­ new bibliography. This is a ly with the Santa FeTrail. includ­ straight listing with no annota­ ing events surrounding Kearn.y's tions. Still western scholar Dr. march and its aftermath, the kIll­ Gene Gressley of the University of CONVERSE OF THE ing of an Apache maiden at the Wyoming calls it a magnificent PRAIRIES Wagon Mound, adventures of Kit accomplishment. Main emphasis Carson, and arrival of the AT&SF -BOOK NOTICES- is on the Oregon and California in 1879. Virginia Lee Fisher, et al., Arrow trails, but otherroutes are cover­ The latter part of the volume Rock Places: The Architectu.re ed for the inclusive dates men­ focuses on the many colorful out­ tioned in the title. Among them are and Environs ofArrow Rock, MIS­ laws who plagued Las Vegas citi­ souri a National Historic Land­ the Santa Fe Trail, Gila Trail. Old zens in the post-railroad days. Il­ Spanish Trail. Pikes Peak Trails. mark: Arrow Rock: Historic Arrow lustrations are vintage black­ Rock Council, 1988. Pp. 98. Illus. and Mexican Trails. This is a use­ and-white photographs from his­ ful reference work. Paper, $8.00 postpaid. Order from torical photo archives. (Note: ~e • • • • • HARC/PLACES, Arrow Rock, MO author will be on hand to SIgn 65320. copies at the book exhibit during Jack Schaefer, Company of Arrow Rock Places is a visual the next Symposium.) Cowards. Reprint, New York: Ban­ and narrative description of the • • • • • tam Books, 1988. Pp. 166. Paper, present village of Arrow Rock, $2.95. See your bookstore or Roy L. Swift and Leavitt Corning. order, add $2 for postage. from founded in 1829, in terms of the Jr.. Three Roads to Chihuahua, environment in space and over Bantam Books, 414 East Golf Rd., The Great Wagon Roads That Des Plaines. IL 60016. time. It includes the role of Arrow Opened the Southwest, 1823­ Rock in westward expansion and 1883. Austin: Eakin Press, 1988. This novel. by the author of the history of Missouri. Architec­ Pp. 398. I11us.. maps. notes. bib­ Shane, was first pUblish~d in tural features of buildings, some liog.. index. Cloth. $24.95. ph~s 1957 and ha s been out of pnnt for 150 years old, and cha.nges ?ver $2 postage. Order from Eakin some time. This fiction will be of time are noted. Histoncal hIg.h­ Press. P. o. Box23069,Austin,TX interest to many SFTA members lights include old records of bu~l­ 78735. because the "company of cow­ ders and of the Black commumty ards" travel the Santa Fe Trail. are -13- stationed at Fort Union, and par­ who will be a featured speaker at of the Overland Journal. SFTA ticipate in Kit Carson's fight at the next Symposium, published an members may want to obtain the Adobe Walls in 1864. Descrip­ article, "Woven Across Time, The Spring, Summer. and Fa111986 i s­ tions of the Trail, Fort Union, and Rich Legacy of Colorado's His­ sues of OJ which contain a three­ the campaign are historically panic Textile Tradition," in Colo­ part article by Marc Simmons, accurate, and the story of the fic­ rado Heritage (1988, no. 3). "The Old Santa Fe TraiL" For a ca­ tional unit is told well. Excellent •••• • talog or membership in OCTA, writing like this can stimulate SFTA Ambassador Les Vilda write P. O. Box 1019, Indepen­ readers to want to know more recently spoke to the Omaha Cor­ dence. MO 64051-0519. about the history in which the fic­ ral of the Westerners about his • • • • • tional characters participated. So trips by donkey and by wagon over Bent's Old Fort Historical As­ enjoy a good story about honor the Trail. sociation publishes a quarterly and courage and stimulate your •• • • • newsletter, The FortReport. They historical interests. SFTA Ambassador Paul Bentrup also publish a mail-order ca­ • ••• • published an article, "Nun's Grave talog. For information or to join, Leo E. and Bonita M. Oliva, Santa Research." in The Sequoyan write Bent's Old Fort Historical Fe Trail Trivia. Third edition, (Sept. 1988). newsletter of the Association. 35110 Highway 194 Woodston: Western Books, 1989. Finney County Kansas Historical East, La Junta, CO 81050-9523. Pp. 68. Map, bibliog. Paper, Society. On Jan. 30, 1989,hewas •• •• • $2.95, plus $1 postage. Orderfrom a guest on KANZ-FM. public radio Among changes at Bent's Old Western Books. P. O. Box I, Wood­ station at Pierceville, KS, talking Fort NHS are additions to the Su­ ston, KS 67675 (quantity dis­ about and answering questions san Magoffin room. including a counts available). about the Santa Fe Trail. He extol­ blue and white wool bed coverlet The third edition contains more led the virtues of membership in and a decorated chamber pot. than 600 questions and answers SFTA. • • • • • about the Trail. almost a 20% in­ • •••• Fifteen La Junta. CO, juniorhigh crease over the last version. The SFTA board member Mark L. Gard­ students in the gifted and talent­ list of suggested readings is ex­ ner. Trinidad, recently attended a ed program are involved in a spe­ panded, and information and mem­ week-long banjo seminar in cial project to learn about life at bership applications for SFTA are Tennessee. We will draft him to Bent's Fort. They spend one day included. The compilers hope the play a historical number Or two a month at the site. What a way material will encourage readers at the Symposium fandango. to study history! to seek more information about • • •• • ••• • • the Trail by reading historic Joan Myers presented a lecture SFTA Ambassador Paul Bentrup accounts and visitingTrail sites. at the Nelson-Atkins Museum of reports that visitors to "Charlie's Art in Kansas City in connection Ruts." the name given to the Trail with the Smithsonian exhibit of remains Bentrup donated to the her Trail photographs there. Kearny County Historical Society. have been signing the guest book ••••• and taking SFTA brochures. Ben­ The Wichita Eagle-Beacon. Dec. trup has available a nice post­ HOOFhPRINTS 29, 1988, carried a feature article card. "Shadows of the Past." fea­ -TRAIL TIDBITS- about the Trail and the exhibitof turing artwork of the sitebyDiane Joan Myers's photographs atKan­ Bentrup. Paul hasn't said the The Friends of Arrow Rock put sas City. Included in the article cards are for sale, but he likely out a handsome and professional­ were recommendations of books could be persuaded to sell some looking "Newsletter." They also to read about the Trail, places if you are interested. Contact him print and sell a beautiful George where Trail ruts may be visited. at Box 11, Deerfield, KS 67838. Caleb Bingham calendar, the 1989 how to obtain information about •••• • edition of which features a Bing­ the SFNHT plan. and how to join Ralph Hathaway reports that ham "character study" each the SFTA. Herb Tappan identified the spot month. For information write them ••••• where the Trail crossed Cow Creek at Box 124. Arrow Rock, MO 65320 The Wyoming Centennial Com­ in Rice County. KS. It was just or call (816) 837-3231 or 3350. mission is raising funds by sell­ south of the present bridge, where • •• • • ing square-foot plots of a Centen­ faint ruts may still be identified Member Mike McDonald has writ­ nial Acre near Independence Rock on the west bank. During the ten a book. his first, called New on the Oregon Trail for $10. Hyou drought of 1988 it was possible Mexico Trivia, due in May. Count wish to invest, write the WCC. 122 to see rocks placed in the muddy on finding numerous items therein W. 25th. 1st Floor East. Chey­ bottom by travelers to preventwa­ dealing with the Trail. We'll hope enne. WY 82002. gons from becoming mired. to see copies at the Symposium • •• • • book exhibit. SFTA board member David Dary RV PARKS IN SANTA FE •• • •• has been appointed head of the Those with recreational vehi­ The Kansas State Historical University of Oklahoma School of Society will be submitting a pro­ Journalism and will be moving cles planning to attend the fall posal to the legislature recom­ from Kansas to Oklahoma in May. Symposium in Santa Fe should mending construction of a new Congratulations Dave! know there are two nice parks Center for Historical Research • • ••• located on Cerrillos Road: Trailer Ranch (505) 471-9970 and Los near the Museum in Topeka. Good The Oregon-California Trails As­ Campos (505 473-1949. There are luck to the Society in this effort. sociation (OCTA) has published a several other parks in the Santa • • • gift catalog, including books. • • Fe area.

-14- [ HELP WANTED roster within a reasonable time, BACK ISSUES AVAILABLE please send word so the problem Every member is to receive all Before the members of the SFTA can be rectified. New member­ ships received after the roster is issues of WT printed during the Awards Committee can enjoy the year of membership. If you have warmth and hospitality of Santa printed will be included in the next WT. not received your issues, contact Fe this fall, we need your help. the editor. While they last, addi­ (Although I cannot speak for the tional copies of back issues may other members of the committee, All matters relating to Wagon be purchased for $1.00 per copy I feel that after spending a winter Tracks should be addresed to postpaid. in Wisconsin I deserve a few days the editor: in New Mexico.) We need you to Leo E. Oliva look around in your communities RR 1, Box 31 TRAIL CALENDAR and to spend some time deep in Woodston, KS 67675 thought for people, business, and (913) 994-6253 Everyone is invited to send no­ organization who deserve to be tices for this section; provide recognized by the Santa Fe Trail All inquiries regarding mem­ location, date(s}, time(s) and ac­ Association. Did a local Scout bership should be directed to tivity. Remember this is a quarter­ troop clean up a nearby section the secretary-treasurer: ly. The next issue should appear of the Trail? Did a downtown busi­ Ruth Olson in May, so send information for ness raise money for a monument? Santa Fe Trail Center June and later to arrive by April Can you think of a person who has RR 3 25. Thank you. Larned, KS 67550 dedicated time to preservingTrail (316) 285-2054 sites? If so, please let us know. Jan. 20-March 31, 1989: Exhibit "Las Vegas and the Santa Fe To nominate a candidate for an Trail," Antonio Sanchez Cultural SFTA Award or an Ambassador Center, 166 Bridge, Las Vegas Award, please send the name, ad­ NM, Mon-Fri 9 am to 1 pm and dress, and phone number, ifpos­ Corollado-Quivira Museum 2:45 to 5 pm. sible, and a short paragraph on 105 West lyon Jan. 28-Feb. 26, 1989: Petroleum LYONS, KANSAS 67554 why they are worthy of recogni­ (316) 257·3941 Museum, Midland, TX, Smithson­ tion. Send the nominations to me, Sponsored by ian Traveling Exhibition-"The Awards Committee Chairman. Rice County Historical Soci'J'Y Santa Fe Trail: Photographs by Thank you for your help and we Joan Myers." hope to see you in Santa Fe this ~ March 18-19, 1989:"HistoricCook­ fall. 8etty L. Romero ery on the Santa Fe Trail," Barton CoroMOO DircC10r County Community College. Con­ Betsy Crawford-Gore tact Elaine Simmons, BCCC, Great 9343 Wood Road Bend, KS 67530 (316) 792-2701, Shullsburg, WI 53586 ext. 214. • ••• • March 18-April 16, 1989: Milwau­ This is a repeat request for kee Public Museum, Milwaukee RALPH HATHAWAY WI, Smithsonian Traveling EXhi~ information about the number of Roule 1. Box 28 visitors at sites along the Trail. CHASE. KANSAS 67524 bition-"The Santa Fe Trail: Pho­ Will someone at each site send (318) 93B·2504 tographs by Joan Myers." actual figures or a reliable esti­ March 23-26,1989: Bent'sOld Fort Winter Quarters. Teachers, writ­ mate of visitor numbers? Please. ers, historians, and fur-trade If you are not connected with a re-enactors spend four days site but know someone there, ~"\~ and nights at the fort and exper­ bring this request their attention. "'~ From Chase· 4 miles W., 1 mile N, 'I, mife E. ience first hand what life was like Information for the last several on the frontier. Contact Superin­ years would be helpful but data tendent, Bent's Old Fort National for 1988 is most important. Iwill Monument, 35110 Hwy 194 E, La compile what arrives by April 25 Junta, CO 81050 (719) 384­ for the May issue. Thanks for your $5.00 2596. help. April 14-15, 1989: "Hancock Ex­ BEST WESTERN pedition Tour," Barton County Leo E. Oliva BENT'S FORT INN Community College. Contact RR1,Box31 Elaine Simmons, BCCC, Great Woodston, KS 67675 East Highway 50 Bend, KS67530 (316) 792-2701, (913) 994-6253 Las Animas, CO 81054 ext. 214. April 22, 1989: Fort Larned Old (719) 456-0011 Guard Annual Meeting, Senator ROSTERS OUT SOON Nancy Kassebaum featured Quarter up at Bent's speaker. Fort Larned NHS, RR 3, The new roster ofSFTAmembers Fort Inn on the SFT will be mailed within a few days Larned, KS 67550 (316) 285­ and visit 6911. after this issue is sent. Because Bent's Old Fort all new memberships received May 6-7, 1989: "The Fort Hays­ Boggsville Fort Dodge Road Tour," Barton since the last WT will be in the Zebulon Pike Sighting County Community College. Con­ roster, no Iisting of new members Kit Carson Museum tact Elaine Simmons, BCCC, Great is included here. When the roster Kit Carson Chapel Bend, KS 67530 (316) 792-2701, arrives, please check to see that ext. 214. your listing is correct. If not, Present this coupon for June 3-4, 1989: Las Vegas, NM, send corrections to WT editor. If $5.00 room discount "Trails and Rails" Celebration. you do not receive a copy of the Contact Chamber of Commerce,

-15- 727 Grand Ave., Las Vegas, NM Dragoon Encampment. Dragoon 194 E, La Junta,C081050(719) 87701. re-enactment featuring some of 384-2596. June 3-4, 1989: Fort Union Living­ the finest military historians. Sept. 28-Oct. 2, 1989: Santa Fe History Demonstrations, includ­ Contact Superintendent, Bent's Trail Symposium, Santa Fe and ing musket demonstrations, wo­ Old Fort National Monument, Las Vegas, NM. Contact Adrian men on the frontier, infantry, 35110 Hwy 194 E, La Junta, CO Bustamante, Symposium Coordi­ cavalry, Civil War, and the Santa 81050 (719) 384-2596. nator, P. O. Box 4182, Santa Fe, Fe Trail. Contact Superintend­ July 29-30, 1989: Fort Union, "Sol­ NM 87502 (505) 471-8200. ent, Fort Union National Monu­ diering on the Santa Fe Trail." Sept. 30-Oct. 29, 1989: Canon ment, Watrous, NM 87753 (505) Historians and re-enactors will Communications, Hermitage, PA, 425-8025. portray garrison life in the Smithsonian Traveling Exhibition June 3-4, 1989: Santa Fe Trail 1860s. Contact Superintendent, -"The Santa Fe Trail: Photo­ Daze, Boise City, OK. Contact Fort Union National Monument, graphs by Joan Myers." Joan Walton, Chamber of Com­ Watrous, NM 87753 (505) 425­ merce, Boise City, OK 73933. 8025. FROM THE EDITOR June 10-11, 1989: Santa Fe Trail August 12, 1989: Bent's Old Fort Festival, Trinidad, CO, see article Kid's Quarters. A program for Everything points to an out­ on p. 5. Contact TDAD, 100 E. children, featuring skills,games, standing Symposium in Santa Fe Main H304, Trinidad, CO 81082 and activities of another era. and Las Vegas this fall. It is my (719) 846-4550. Contact Superintendent, Bent's hope that you will be able to fol­ June 10-11,1989: Bent's OldFort Old Fort National Monument, 35110 Hwy 194 E, La Junta, CO low the Trail to New Mexico in Artists in the Park. A number of September and enjoy the flavor of the West's finest artists will be 81050 (719) 384-2596. August 12-Sept. 10, 1989:- the Southwest. The location is at the fort to paint, exhibit, and ideal and the program is excel­ interpret their work. Contact Su­ Western Illinois Library, Gales­ perintendent, Bent's Old Fort Na­ burg, IL, Smithsonian Traveling lent. Adrian Bustamante and the tional Monument, 35110 Hwy 194 Exhibition-"The Santa Fe Trail: many who have worked with him E, La Junta, CO 81050 (719) Photographs by Joan Myers." obviously know the value of care­ 384-2596. August 26, 1989: "An Evening at ful planning. When you receive June 24, 1989: Fort Union, "The old Fort Union." Participate in the advance registration informa­ Santa Fe Trail, the Early Years." vignettes from Fort Union's tion within the next few days, Dragoons, infantrymen, and past; reservations required and make your plans early to attend. traders will tell the story of the will be accepted beginning June You wi11 not be sorry. early days along the Trail. Con­ 1. Contact Superintendent, Fort tact Superintendent, Fort Union Union National Monument, Wa­ Because of other commitments National Monument, Watrous, trous, NM 87753 (505) 425­ our Heritage Tours will not be NM 87753 (505) 425-8025. 8025. offering a bus tour on the Trail June 24-July 23, 1989: Museum of Sept. 1-4, 1989: Bent's Old Fort this year. We intend to do another the Great Plains, Lawton, OK, Fur Trade Encampment. The in 1990 if there is sufficient Smithsonian Traveling Exhibition eighth annual encampment, in­ interest. -"The Santa Fe Trail: Photo­ terpreting the Rocky Mt. Fur The office ofWagon Tracks will graphs by Joan Myers." Trade. Contact Superintendent, be closed and the Olivas will be July 4, 1989: Bent's Old Fort Old Bent's Old Fort National Monu­ ment, 35110 Hwy 194 E, La Jun­ gone until late March. Please con­ Time Fourth of July. Frontier­ tinue to send items for the next style celebration with period ta, CO 81050 (719) 384-2596. Sept. 16, 1989: Bent'sOld Fort Diez issue, but do not expect a reply speeches, games, activities, to any inquiries until April. This and living-history demonstra­ y Seis de Septiembre. Acelebra­ tions. Contact Superintendent, tion of Mexico's independence also means that book orders for Bent's Old Fort National Monu­ from Spain in 1821, with special SFTA and Western Books will not ment, 35110 Hwy 194 E, La Jun­ programs for children. Contact be filled until April. ta, CO 81050 (719) 384-2596. Superintendent, Bent's Old Fort Happy trails! July 28-30, 1989: Bent's Old Fort National Monument, 35110 Hwy -Leo E. Olh'a

Wagon Tracks Nonprofit Organization o Santa Fe Trail Association w U.S. POSTAG E ~ RR 1, Box 31 § PAID w Woodston, KS 67675 ~ PERMIT NO.119 SALINA, KANSAS 67401 WAGON TRACKS

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VOLUME 3 MAY 1989 NUMBER 3 SFNHT PLANS 1989 SYMPOSIUM David M. Gaines, Chief, Branch SANTA FE & LAS VEGAS of Trail Programs, P. O. Box 728, SEPTEMBER 28-0CTOBER 2 Santa Fe, NM 87504-0728 (505) MAKE RESERVATIONS NOW 988-6886, has announced that the Draft Santa Fe National Historic Trail Comprehensive Management BONUS SESSION and Use Plan is tentatively set for ADDED AT SANTA FE distribution during the week of An extra session has been added May 8,1989. Those who requested to the Symposium program. Itdoes Search team, April 17, 1989 seek­ a copy of the draft plan should not appear on the preliminary pro­ ing site of the capture of Cla'ra Blinn receive one; those who have not gram sent out with the registra­ in 1868, I-r, Paul Bentrup Ava requested a copy may do so by tion mailing but will be listed on Betz, Edith Birchler, Tom Th'oma­ contacting Gaines. The map sup­ the final schedule to be included son, and Mary Moorehead. plement will not be sent with the in registration packets. plan, but the maps will be availa­ SEARCH FOR THE 1868 ble atmany points along the Trail, The new session is titled "Ar_ including selected public librar­ cheologists View the Trail," and CAPTURE SITE OF ies and municipal offices, for the has been set for Saturday, Sep­ MRS. CLARA BLINN public to peruse. tember 30, 1:00-2:00 p.m. Board by Mary Moorehead member Mark L. Gardner will Approximately ten public hear­ preside. Clara Izibell Harrington Blinn's ings on the draft plan will be time on the Santa Fe Trail was Donald J. Blakeslee, arche­ scheduled along the Trail, with brief but intense. Her tiny figure ologist at Wichita State Universi­ half tentatively planned for the embodied the loyalty, determi­ ty, will present a talk entitled week of May 22 and the remainder nation, and resourcefulness we "First Trail to Santa Fe: The Mallet tentatively planned for the week moderns hope forin the historical Expedition, 1739." It was exactly of June 5. Watch for further an­ pioneer wife and mother. Clara 250 years ago that the French Mal­ nouncements from Gaines's of­ and her baby were victims of the fice. These meetings provide an let brothers crossed the plains to long, grinding clash of cultures Santa Fe. Dr. Blakeslee will be re­ opportunity for interested groups on the Plains-a product of tracing much of their route on the and individuals to present their cultural arrogance and xeno­ views for consideration. ground this summer. phobia on both sides. The second talk will be present­ The SFNHT Advisory Council will Clara Blinn was not a stereotype ed by WilliamG. Buckles, profes­ meet in Santa Fe, June 21-22, at though. Twenty years old in 1868 sor of anthropology at the Univer­ the Howard Johnson Plaza Hotel. she was petite with dark chestnu~ sity ofSouthern Colorado, Pueblo. This initia1 meeting ofthe Council hair and a dimple in her chin-a will be concerned primarily with His title is "Multidisciplinary Re­ middle-class wife and mother search in ColoradO Concerning the the draft plan. The meetings of the whose clear soprano voice had Santa Fe Trail System." Described Council are open to the public. earned a modest reputation in Per­ Sessions will begin at 8:30 a.m. will be the various methods he rysburg, Ohio. She had a sense of on Wednesday, June 21, and end has used to locate the route of fun, too, and played April Fools'~ at noon on June 22. the Mountain Branch of the Trail. jokes on other members of the wa­ gon train that took her to Colorado VANDALS HIT TRAIL SITE REGISTRATION PACKETS Territory. At a Southern Overland AVAILABLE NOW Mail stage station that summer An adobe structure near Glorie­ Clara cooked for the drivers and ta, NM, the last remaining build­ Registration packets for the passengers at the station, wa­ ing of Pigeon's Ranch, was 1989 Symposium, "Where Trails shed clothes in water from Sand recently damaged by vandals. and Cultures Meet," were sent out Creek, cared for her child, and They may have been looking for in late April. Ifyou did not receive bolstered an ailing husband-all hidden treasure and cut large a packet, please contact Sympo­ under the rapidly increasing holes in two walls. The structural sium Coordinator Adrian Bus­ threat of Indian attack. integrity of the building apparent­ tamante, Santa Fe Community Col­ When Clara and her two-year­ ly was not destroyed and repairs lege, P. O. Box 4187, Santa Fe, old son were taken from a wagon are being made. Pigeon's Ranch NM 87502-4187. Everyone plan­ train by Cheyennes and Arapahoes was a stage station on the Trail ning to attend should register ear­ in Octoberofthat year, she decid­ and figured prominently in the ly (to take advantage of the spe­ ed not to listen to Victorian stric­ Civil War Battle of Glorieta Pass. cial fee) and make roomreserva­ tures and die for her honor but to The only treasure there is the his­ tions in Santa Fe as soon as (continued on page 17) toric value of the building. Smoky Hill Trail, six stream state museum planned for Arrow 1867 to transport military sup­ crossings (Smoky Hill River, Big Rock and that the construction of plies from the Union Pacific Rail­ Timbers Creek, Walnut Creek, thatmuseumdid notpreclude con­ road, Eastern Division, atnewly­ struction of an appropriate Trail Pawnee Fork, Buckner Creek, and founded Hays City, to Fort Dodge Sawlog Creek), and one pronoun­ museum in the Franklin area. The and other forts farther west. This organization will continue to ced set of ruts in Ness County. route also carried most of the ci­ The markers will be appropriately seek its original goal and work vilian freight destined for Santa with the National Park Service and inscribed bronze plaques mount­ Fe and beyond for a time. The road ed on limestone fence posts. other agencies. was used for five years by the David Clapsaddle of Larned, co­ Davis was re-elected president, army, until the Atchison, Topeka ordinator for the projects, reports and other officers include vice­ and Santa Fe reached Dodge City that approximately half of the president Bill J. Crigler, secre­ in 1872. $900 needed for the projects has tary Doris Markland, treasurer Bill This important branch is inclUd­ been donated. Anyone interested Rudloff, and board members ed in the SFNHT plans. Much Melissa Alsop Megas, Pam Huff­ in contributing to the fund may evidence ofthe route remains, in­ make their checks payable to the stutter, and J erre Lugeanbeal. An­ cluding six stream crossings, Fort Hays-Fort Dodge Road Fund. nual dues were set at $10 for indi­ where cutdowns can still be easi­ viduals, $25 for institutions, c/o Jan Martin, 609 East 13th, ly observed, and numerous ruts in Larned, KS 67550. Mrs. Martin is $100 for patrons, and $1,000 for pasture land. Excellent ruts and treasurer of Xi Zeta Mu, a Larned "Trail Blazers." Anyone interested the crossing of Sawlog Creek are in joiningorobtaining more infor­ sorority which has assumed the found on the Warner Ranch north­ financial transactions as a serv­ mation should contact Franklin or east of Dodge City, where the War­ ice project. Bust, Inc., P. O. Box 32, Fayette, ner family has erected several On May 6-7 Clapsaddle conduct­ MO 65248. markers. ed a traveling seminar on the Fort Along this road three trading Hays-Fort Dodge Road, sponsored FORT LARNED OLD ranches were established at the by the Barton County Community GUARD MEETING crossings of Walnut Creek, Paw­ College at Great Bend. This impor­ nee Fork, and Buckner Creek. Pro­ tant branch of the Santa Fe Trail The Fort Larned Old Guard held prietors at each of the ranches system is receiving long-due its first annual encampment at operated toll bridges. Although no recognition. Fort Larned National Historic Site evidence of the ranches remains, on April 22. Speakers included the town of Alexander in Rush TRAIL DAZE IN BOISE David Dary, T. Lindsey Baker, County developed from the ranche Robert Utley, and Senator Nancy on Walnut Creek operated by Alex­ CITY, MAY 31-JUNE 4 Kassebaum. Living-history ander Harvey, a former Sixth Boise City, Oklahoma, will host demonstrations, including buf­ Cavalryman stationed at Fort its annual Santa Fe Trail Daze May falo hunters as well as military Dodge. 31-June 4, 1989. A free bus tour personnel, were featured during At the Pawnee Fork crossing, a of the Kenton area will be offered the day, and a buffalodinnerwas monument was erected in 1929 by this year, and reservations are enjoyed in the evening. An invita­ the Hodgeman Community Ladies required. Events include a Miss tion to join this support group is Aid Society to commemorate the Santa Fe Trail Daze Pageant. bike enclosed in this issue. historic site where John O'Lough­ ride, team roping, watermelon lin (later the founder ofLakin, KS) feed, musical show, dances, par­ GLORIETA BATTLEFIELD operated a trading ranche before ade, fiddling contest, and post­ REENACTMENT CHANGED selling out to George Duncan in hole digging contest. For informa­ 1872. The monument, much in tion and a complete schedule of The new leadership of the Civil need of repair, has recently activities, contact Boise City War Reenactors of New Mexico become the focus () local history Chamber of Commerce, P. O. Box has decided to host the annual buffs in the area. Plans are now 1027, Boise City, OK 73933 (405) Glorieta Battlefield renactment on underway to restore the monument 544-3344.

-3- AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHIC and the City of Pueblo are cooper­ the many other exhibits dealing ating in the archeological and with the history of Trinidad and PROJECT IN COLORADO other investigations at the loca­ Southern Colorado. The Colorado Endowment for the tion. and excavations directed by Humanities is aiding the Univer­ William G. Buckles will begin NRA TRAIL RENDEZVOUS sity of Southern Colorado in con­ June 5 of this summer. part of an ducting aerial photographic tests archeological field school of the The fifteenth annual NRA Santa of selected parts of the Santa Fe university. It is probable that a Fe Trail Rendevous is scheduled Trail System in southeastern Col­ number of years of research will for June 13-18 atthe Whittington orado. The research is supported be conducted. Center near Raton. NM. Good Trail also by funds from the Pike-San The project will incorporate remains may be seen on the Isabel National Forest for re­ public involvements as much as 33,OOO-acre Center. Each year a search in the Comanche National possible. and visitors to the ceremony of historical signifi­ Grasslands. Research will be con­ excavation are welcome. Some cance is conducted to commemor­ ducted by a multidisciplinary members of local historical and ate the mountain man days. Camp­ team comprised of anthropologist archeological societies will be ing is available atthe Center. For William Buckles and biologist involved in the investigations as further information, contact Pa­ Neal Osborne of the Univ. of So. excavators and in other capac­ trick Boyle. NRA Whittington Cen­ Colorado. and James Grady. an ities. ter. P. O. Box 700. Raton, NM anthropologist and photointerpre­ 87740. ter at the Univ. of Colorado in SANDOVAL TO SPEAK Denver. AT TRINIDAD FESTIVAL FORT UNION EVENTS The project will investigate In addition to all the activities Fort Union National Monument specific methods for using aerial offers two special events this photograpy for mapping the Santa planned for the Santa Fe Trail Fes­ tival at Trinidad. CO. June 10-11. summer. On June 24 the site will Fe Trail. It involves selection of host the second annual "Santa Fe target areas of historically­ noted in the last WT. Professor David A. Sandoval ofthe Universi­ Trail-The Early Years." with identified trail routes. aerial pho­ guest speakers. demonstrations. tographs of those areas. and com­ ty of Southern Colorado. Pueblo, will present a lecture on "Freight and other activities focusing on paring photointerpretations with the Trail in the area. on-the-ground archeological and Wagon Manifest Destiny." This ecological research. The on-the­ will occur at 1:30 p.m.• Saturday. On July 29-30 the Monument's ground tests and subsequent June 10. at the Baca/Bloom and traditional event. "Soldiering on records will be made with the aid Pioneer Museum. the Santa Fe Trail," will provide of an archeological field school Dr. Sandoval serves onthe board a weekend of activities commem­ of the Univ. of So. Colorado. of directors of SFTA and is co­ orating the militaryperiod,1851­ Buckles will report on this project chairman of the SFNHT Advisory 1891. Demonstrations will in­ at the Symposium in Santa Fe. Council. His presentation will be clude firing of everything from free to the public. muskets to field pieces and an army uniform review. The 44th SEARCH FOR EL PUEBLO KIT CARSON'S COAT Army Band, New Mexico Army Na­ An archeological project has tional Guard. will present a con­ by Mark L. Gardner been initiated in Pueblo. CO. to cert of historic and contemporary locate the remains of EI Pueblo The Colorado Historical Society military music. an important trading post which has the unusual distinction of Both events will offer historic was the namesake for the modern owning two leather coats once be­ "theme lunches" for a nominal city and was located in the heart longing to famed frontiersman Kit charge. For a schedule of activi­ of present-day Pueblo. Itwas pro­ Carson. Both are on permanent ties planned. write Supt., Fort bably constructed in 1842 and display, one at the Colorado His­ Union National Monument. Wa­ abondoned in 1854. following a tory Museum in Denver and the trous. NM 87753. Entrance fees massacre by Indians of most of other at the Pioneer Museum in are suspended for these events. its inhabitants. Trinidad. The highly decorated coat at the Pioneer Museum was The Pueblo area. where several acquired from Carson by Dan ANNUAL BEAN DAY major tributaries join the Arkan­ Taylor. an early Trinidad settler, AT WAGON MOUND sas River and where theTaos Trail and has remained on display at The 79th annual Bean DayCele­ crossed that river. containedoth­ the museum since 1960. er nineteenth-century trading bration will be held in Wagon posts and occupations. dating as Because of signs of deteriora­ Mound, NM, September 2-4, 1989. early as 1822. El Pueblo was vis­ tion. the Trinidad coat was sent The festival includes rodeos. ited and used by many well­ to the Rocky Mountain Regional dances, five- and one-mile runs, known frontier characters and Conservation Center in Denver for as well as a softball tournament. western explorers. treatment. With a clean bill of On Labor Day a morning parade and health. it will return to Trinidad The Colorado Historical Society free barbecue lunch are featured. by summer and be installed in a Contact Wagon Mound Bean Day museum in Pueblo has a frontier new display case with a new in­ theme and a full-size replica of Association. Wagon Mound, NM terpretive label. Travelers and 87752 (505) 666-2245. how El Pueblo may have appeared. Trail buffs following the Mountain The museum is some distance ,..f! r __"' Branch this summer are encour­ ~-~ from the site of the original post. '-":'~- "':"'~:;,:":'..." aged to stop at the Baca House, /"171-"--.-C~... - tentatively identified from ar­ Bloom House. and Pioneer Mu­ I.ti,', , \W chival. historical. and other re­ I\ """" •• seum. 300 East Main, Trinidad. It " 1("')1 ~ Ii search. The Univ. of So. Colorado ~/J "=:" \. J' and examine Carson's coat and -.- ~::'~ -4- TRAIL ELDERHOSTEL stored to its prime around 1855. traveling days and 27 rest days. Unfortunately there wasn'ttime to It rained on me 32 of the 90 days. by Pat Heath tour Cave Spring, but we did stop For comparison, in 1984, four of On April 16, 1989, at Avila Col­ at some very fine ruts near the us and my pack donkey walked lege in Kansas City, MO, I and 37 Blue Ridge golf course. from Ft. Osage near Indepen­ others started a five-day Elder­ On the way home Saturday, I dence, MO, to Santa Fe, a distance hostel experience, my first but used Marc Simmons's reliable of about 980 miles in 91 days, 80 not my last. The three subjects Following the Santa Fe Trail and walking days and 11 rest days. offered were (1) Wagons West: collected several more snapshots It rained on us only two days, both The Santa Fe Trail (my reason for for my album. By the time Ineared in the last week of travel. enrolling), (2) Wildflowers and Fort Larned, however, thoughts of I left New Franklin, MO, with my Wildlife Along the Trail, and (3) home took over and it was non­ faithful donkey Joker, who went Tracing Your Heritage Through stop to Lakin-but not to stay. I'm lame at Buckner, MO, about 100 Oral History. preparing for my second Elderhos­ miles distance. I had walked this Imagine my surprise and delight tel in Trinidad in May. My sister section ofthe trip using jokeron­ to find that Sylvia Mooney was to is going on this one with me, and ly to pack his food and mine, wa­ conduct the Wagons West course. I hope to make a ''Trail Junkie" ter, and equipment. Equipment at We spent three days learningthe out of her. We'll see! this point consisted of a diamond history and route of the Santa Fe fly, bed roll, cooking pot, camera. Trail as well as the the Oregon, A MODERN ENCOUNTER change of clothes, and a brush, Mormon, and California trails. WITH THE TRAIL hoof pick, and watering bucketfor Sylvia showed several slide pre­ joker. sentations, one of which in­ by Les Vilda When joker went lameIhadhim troduced us to the basics of the The Santa Fe Trail has an allur­ trailered back to Nebraska. I Trail's history. The others were ing quality about it. Marian Sloan brought back to Kansas City a of trips over the Trail several Russel called it the "Land of En­ small covered wagon, about four years apart, the latter of the trip chantment" and declared that, as feet wide and six feet long, which she made last year with two com­ early as the 1850's, it had powers was built by a friend of mine in panions on horseback. Ittook the over hermotherwho never seemed Wilber, NE. The rear wheels are full six weeks she had allowed to be happy unless she was steel dump rake wheels four feet for and presented many notable traveling over the Trail. Mter my in diameter and the front ones are experiences. Many were compara­ first walking trip on the Trail in also steel, two feet in diameter. ble to ones I'm sure the early trav­ 1984, I knew what this enchant­ The bows are made of small well elers endured. ment "bug" was all about. I cannot pipe. I also brought a set ofhar­ We had two field trips during the explain it, but of all the places ness, parts of which were once week that were very interesting. I have traveled the Santa Fe Trail used by my grandfather when he On Wednesday morning we visited is the one that beckons me back. farmed with horses nearly 60 the Prairie Center Nature Pre­ In 1987 I returned to the Trail years ago. serve. a privately owned preserve with my pack donkey joker. My In Kansas City I bought a horse, on the outskirts of Kansas City. intentions were to make a round Zulu, who was already broke to There you can view the wild­ trip, but circumstances beyond by harness. The horse was broke but flowers and vegetation native to control (which I will explain lat­ I was not. For several days I Missouri and in some cases a lit­ er) prevented that and I traveled received pointers and lessons on tle of its wildlife. only one way. I started from New how to harness, hitch, and drive. From there we visited Mahaffie Franklin, MO, and followed the This was done on the streets of Farmstead and Stagecoach stop. Mountain Branch for a reason ear­ Kansas City, and I probably lear­ The house was built in 1865 by ly travelers chose it--more wa­ ned quicker than most people j. B. Mahaffie and was used as ter. Even though the Mountain because of the fear ofgetting kil­ a stage stop until 1869. Three Branch adds close to 100 extra led had I done something wrong. main stage lines stopped here miles, the assurace of something It took close to a week before I during that time. One line ran from to drink is a comforting thought. felt confident enough to set out Westport to Lawrence and back, The historic Trail ran about850 on my own on the Trail. stopping twice a day; anotherline miles from Westport to Santa Fe Traveling by wagon had both its ran from Westport to Fort Scott by way of the Mountain Branch. good points and bad. One of the twice a week; and the third ran Starting better than 100 miles better points was that I could now from Westport to Santa Fe twice east of Westport, I traveled close carry some luxuries that I a month. The house and two out­ to 1100 miles before reaching couldn't before. I was able to car­ buildings are original and are be­ Santa Fe. I had to be satisfied ry more food with me, which meant ing restored. Last year they had with travel ing the nearest road to that I could stock up at a grocery an unusual archeological dig. the actual Trail, thus putting on store that had good bargains in­ Volunteers did the digging under the extra miles. Practically the stead of having to shop town to the supervision of a professional entire Trail is privately owned, town as I had to do while traveling archeologist. I understand a great requiring permission from owners with the donkey. I was also able many artifacts were recovered. to cross their property. to carry a straw filled mattress Thursday we toured Indepen­ My trip began on April 20, 1987, with me. I would stretch the mat­ dence where the old courthouse and ended on September 10, 1987. tress out inside the wagon which and the Truman Home were point­ I took a few weeks off in the mid­ kept me off the ground and out of ed out. While there we toured the dle of the trip to help set up a the rain in the evenings. I would Bingham-Waggoner Estate. This Mountain Man Program at a Boy roll the mattress and my wool is a lovely old three-story brick Scout camp on the Spanish Peaks blankets together and store them house containing twenty-six in southern Colorado. Overall my under the wagon seat while I was rooms. It has been beautifully re- trip took 90 days to complete: 63 traveling during the day. -5- Probably the best point about better traction to hold the wagon. trip was a fantastic experience. traveling by wagon was that I The temperature dropped to the Between the knowledge I gained could ride instead ofwalk. During point that it felt like a wintery of the Trail and of all the wonder­ an average 20-mile day, I would day in Nebraska, and it began to ful people I met, it made all the still getoutofthe wagon and walk hail. All of this happened within obstacles I needed to overcome three to ten miles, depending about the first 15 seconds of the worthwhile. One day I know I will upon the terrain. Itgave the horse storm. The hail came down as be traveling the Santa Fe Trail a lighter load to pull andgaveme though it was just dumped from again-I still have the "bug." a little exercise at the same time. the sky, but the wind blew it so On top of that, the wooden seat hard that the pea-size hailstones MORE MARKERS I had to sit on became somewhat were blowing nearly parallel to uncomfortable after a few hours. the ground. Zulu was protected Wagon travel also presented its from the hail because of the wa­ problems. It seemed there was gon behind her. The wagon creat­ always something coming loose, ed the perfect shelter for her. falling apart, or breaking. Bolts Even though the horse was pro­ came loose, grease zerks came tected, I wasn't. The hail blewin loose and fell out of the wagon the small window hole in the rear wheels, or welds broke on the of the wagon and was beatingme shafts or undercarriage ofthe wa­ in the back ofthe head. I was able gon. On many occasions I wonder­ to protect my face with my arm ed how the early trail travelers as I reached behind my seat for ever made a journey without a a blanket to help protect me from good supply of baling wirel One the hail. The stormwas so intense day, near Pawnee Rock, KS, I that it stopped all the traffic on Several more markers have been heard a sound like breakingmet­ the Interstate. After nearly 10 reported. Ruth Schibbelhut at the al. As I looked to the side of the minutes of this the storm left at Hamilton County Historical wagon I found that I no longer had the same speed ithad arrived. The Society in Syracuse. KS, reports a rear wheel. All of the spokes sun came back out and the rest one has been in their museum broke away from the hub. Luckily of the day was great. , since the early 1970s or before. the wheel wedged itself between As I mentioned, I had intended Its original location is unknown. the rear spring and the frame of to make a round trip, returning by Aaron Armstrong checked his pho­ the wagon. Even though the wheel way of the Cimarron Cutoff. By the tos to confirm that there is one was setting perpendicular to the time I reached Santa Fe I realized on the stone schoolhouse at Wil­ wagon, it didn't allow the wagon a return trip was completely out mington, KS. and Katharine Kelley to turn over on its side. It took of the question. Mter experienc­ sent a photo of that one and two me nearly three days to locate ing "horseless carriage" traffic on others (one at the Hays House in another set of rear wheels and to the highways I consider myself Council Grove and the other on a get back on the Trail. VERY lucky to have made itto San­ post on Santa Fe Road [old U.S. There were very few "Ho-Hum" ta Fe in one piece. I didn't want 50] northeast of Olathe). Charlie days on the Trail. I could always my luck to run out trying to make and Helen Judd ofthe Hays House count on either Zulu or Mother Na­ it back to Missouri. at Council Grove wrote that they ture to come up with something Unfortunately I had to stay on had purchased the one there "at to make the day exciting, espe­ the pavement of the stretches of J arneson's Antique Shop in Madi­ cially Mother Nature with her highway I traveled. Even though son, KS. 15 years ago."They also heat, cold, rain, hail, wind, or there was a grassy shoulderwide mentioned the one northeast of combinations of any ofthe above. enough for me to travel on, itwas Olathe. Probably the most intense storm matted with broken glass and Kelley sent information about I encountered on the trip was near shredded aluminum and tin. Such others. A copy ofp. 27 of Margaret Tecolote, NM. The stormonly last­ materials could have found their Long's The Santa Fe Trail shows ed 10 minutes, but it was a storm way into Zulu's feet and made her a sign on a tree at Lanesfield in that will remain with me for years lame within a few hours. The Johnson County. KS. and tells that to come. When I left Las Vegas, horseless carriages were very im­ there were 27 of the signs "instal­ NM, that morning it was a beauti­ patient with a slow-moving vehi­ led on electric light poles on the ful sunny day. There was a light cle blocking their normal path of route of the Santa Fe Trail across breeze which helped add to what travel. I had vehicles pass me, Kansas City from Westport Land­ I thought was going to be a great forcing oncoming traffic to take ing to the state line." Another is day for traveling. I was traveling the ditch to avoid a head-on colli­ located inside the west door of in a westerly direction. I pulled sion. I had vehicles pass me that the log cabin at Black Jack Park and tied the canvas (which was ended up in the opposite ditch east of Baldwin City. The latter. usually tied to the center bow so because their operators contin­ according to Philip Barnthouse that I could see from side to side ued to look at me as they passed. (president of the Santa Fe Trail of the wagon) to the front bow so I had vehicles pass me on the Historical Society at Baldwin Ci­ I wouldn't get completely dren­ right-hand side (through the ty). was originally on a tree near ched when the storm hit. Then it ditch). I had vehicles passing me St. Luke's Hospital in Kansas Ci­ camel The wind changed from the on the left AND right sides at the ty, MO. north to the east with almost same time. And then there were This now accounts for the pre­ tornado-like force. Zulu had tro­ the vehicles that wanted to see sent location of a total of 13 uble keeping the wagon from run­ just how close they could get to signs. Thanks to all who respond­ ning over the top of her. I got her the wagon as they passed me, ed. Are there more? Please send off the pavement into the ditch blowing their horns as they did. word if you know of any others. where I was hoping she could get Overall, my 1987 Santa Fe Trail

[Ed. note: This is the tenth in a series on museums and historic sites along the Trail. Joy Poole is former administrator of the Baca/Bloom complex and is cur­ rently the curator at the Farm­ ington, NM, Museum. Mark L. Gardner is current administra­ tor of Baca/Bloom complex. Both are members of the SFTA board of directors.] For a quarter century. there has been a trend toward preserving historic structures and small ar­ chitectural districts across the United States. In the Corazon de Trinidad, a national historic dis­ trict located in downtown Trin­ idad, two historic house museums of the Colorado Historical Society present excellent examples of two prominent and strikingly dif­ - ferent styles of architecture along the Santa Fe Trail. .~ .- The adobe Baca House and Pio­ neer Museum and the brick Victor­ Baca House. (Courtesy Colorado Historical Society.) ian Bloom House next door origin­ Felipe Baca was one of the Empire style of French architec­ ally were preserved through the primary forces in shaping Trin­ ture. Some people may remember efforts of the Trinidad Historical idad's early settlement. Baca led the Bloom House from the movie Society andthe Friends of Histor­ 12 Hispanic families from Mora. Badlands. for which the exterior ical Trinidad. The Colorado His­ New Mexico, into the Purgatoire of the building was filmed as the torical Society has administered River Valley in 1862. Besides home of a wealthy businessman. the Baca, Bloom, and Pioneer Mu­ sheep ranching, he was involved Others may be familiar with two seum complex since the early in territorial politics, and the romantic novels. Twin of Ice and 1960s. when the properties were lumber and mercantile business­ Twin of Fire. written by Santa Fe given to the state. es. The Bacas purchased the home author Jude Deveraux. who incor­ The Baca House is a fine exam­ and its furnishings for $7.000, porated the picturesque mansion ple of the "meeting of cultures" supposedly paid in wool. into her stories. In reality, itwas which the Santa Fe Trail brought Today. the Baca House is inter­ the home ofTrinidad pioneerbusi­ about. Its architecture, known as preted as the home of a prominent nessman Frank G. Bloom and his territorial style, represents a Hispanic family of the 1870s. It family. combination of Anglo design and is furnished with a mixture of Vic­ During his lifetime. Bloom Hispanic construction. Built in torian pieces and handcrafted engaged in a variety of occupa­ 1870 by merchant John S. Hough. Hispanic textiles and furniture tions, from merchant to cattleman it is made of adobe bricks and artifacts. Some of the furniture is to a bank vice-president. In 1882, wood materials which were readi­ original to the home. including a 15 years after he first made Trin­ ly available in the region. Other bed which is documented as hav­ idad hi s home. Bloom erected hi s materials, such as the standing ing been shipped over the Santa mansion along the Santa Fe Trail seam terneplate roof and and Fe Trail for John Hough (the ship­ adjacent to Trinidad's business glass windowpanes were freight­ ping information can still be seen district. ed in once transportation systems written on the back of the The Second Empire style was started to improve along the Trail. headboard). popular in America after the Ci viI Territorial architecture was in­ Behind the Baca House is a long. War, a time inwhich Trinidad and fluenced by Greek Revival ele­ one-story adobe structure called Colorado boomed. The elaborate ments. This is especially evident the Pioneer Museum. It is more Bloom House is symbolic of an era in the white triangularpediments typical of Hispanic architecture of growth. Its mansard roof. the above the Baca House's doorways with its linear row of self­ cupola atop its central pavilion, and double-hung windows. Other contained rooms, each with a door and the symmetry ofits design are Anglo influences can be seen in to the outside. Originally used as all strong elements ofSecond Em­ the structure's hipped roof (com­ living quarters for household pire construction. plete with widow's walk), two­ staff, ranch hands, and guests of The builder of the Bloom House story plan, and front porch. In lat­ the Baca family, it now contains was Charles Innis, a stone con­ er years, Hough called it "a fine history exhibits related to Trin­ tractor who is said to have used residence for them days." idad and Southern Colorado. bricks manufactured in Trinidad In 1873 Hough sold his home to The adobe Baca House andPio­ in construction ofthe house. Out­ Maria Baca, wife of prominent neer Museum contrast sharply standing details include inset sheep rancher Felipe Baca. Don with the Bloom House's Second quoins of white native sandstone -7- No report received. Texas Panhandle by Dennis C. Clayton As of March 1 of this year, the Texas Panhandle Chapter had 19 paid-up members with several more still expected to come in. The chapter is working on a logo and is hoping to design and put out a brochure some time this year. Chapter President Charles Pitts will be relinquishing his du­ ties as president this spring and may possibly be moving to New Mexico. All are looking forward to the Santa Fe Symposium in September. Wagonbed Spring Bloom House. (Courtesy Colorado Historical Society.) by Fern Bessire which emphasize the corners of on a seasonal basis, from Mem­ It is now possible to reach the the building and enrich the over­ orial Day weekend to Labor Day Wagonbed (Lower) Spring site ea­ all structure. The different tex­ weekend. Hours are Monday sily in a passenger car. Access tures of various woods used in the through Saturday', 10:00 a.m. to to the National Historic Landmark bracketed cornices and linear 4:00 p.m. Admission is $2.50 for on the Cimarron River in Grant dentils add decorative details. adults and $1.25 for children and County, KS, has been a problem The Bloom House is elaborately senior citizens. Formore informa­ for years, but thanks to the county furnished with Victorian pieces of tion write to the administrator at commissioners the road is being the period. Unlike the whitewa­ P. O. Box 472, Trinidad, Colorado. improved. shed walls of the Baca House. 81082. Or call (719) 846-7217. Wagonbed Spring Chapter mem­ however, the walls of the Bloom bers had a work day at the site House are covered with colorful VISITATION REPORTS on Saturday, April 22, the first wallpaper of several designs. physical step in restoring the These additional reports arrived once-famous watering place and Combination gas and electric and are much appreciated. We are lights hang from the ceilings and creating an oasis on the now-dry waiting to hear from the remaining river. ornate carpets cover the floors. sites. Please help. Plans include drilling a water Besides the chance to view two Ralph's Ruts. 1986-1988: distinct styles of historic archi­ well, returning the DAR and NPS tecture, a tour through the Baca, 1986 275 markers to the original location, Bloom, Pioneer Museum complex 1987 290 building a pipe fence enclosure. offers the opportunity to observe, 1988 347 planting trees, erecting signs. in one city block, over a decade Fort Larned NHS, 1979-1988: providing picnic facilities, and of transition in Colorado and 1979 22,908 (naturally) sinking a wagon bed Southwestern History. From the 1980 24,036 in the "spring." Baca House to the Bloom House 1981 22.616 Minter-Wilson Drilling of Ulys­ visitors pass from territorial days 1982 24,419 ses is donating the well; Mesa Pe­ to statehood and from the era of 1983 60,788 troleum has given the pipe; Mobil wagon and stage roads to that of 1984 67,292 Oil Foundation and Dr. Steven the railroad. One can also com­ 1985 56,761 Joyce (landowner) have donated pare the lifestyles oftwo cultures 1986 55,138 some funds. living side by side, one Hispanic 1987 43,565 The chapter, which now has 45 and one Anglo, perhaps the great­ 1988 48,012 members in six area counties, est legacy of the Santa Fe Trail. Baca/Bloom & Pioneer Museum, was conditionally approved by The Baca House, Bloom House 1987-1988: SFTA in November 1988. We look and Pioneer Museum complex is 1987 4,733 forward to the Symposium and located on 300 East Main Street. 1988 5,709 complete acceptance into the The complex is opento the public Ewing Young was on land grant. In the spring of 1836 Yount's ancestors (then jundt), this trip (Barry). Yount was given title to Caymus Pallatinates from Alsace lefttheir In 1826 the trade atSanta Fe was Rancho in the heart of Napa Val­ homeland in 1731 to arrive in at a standstill due to an excess ley. To qualify forhis 8,OOO-acre Philadelphia and were among of foreign goods and lack of capi­ grant, he became a Mexican citi­ immigrants sponsored by William tal. Yount gave up his plan to re­ zen and was baptized in the Cath­ Penn (Camp, Wood). Later the turn to Missouri and began a ten­ olic faith as jorge da la Concep­ family moved to North Carolina. year odyssey of the West. He set cion Yount. George was born there in 1794, the off with a band of free trappers Caymus Rancho was named for sixth of eleven children. By 1800 in 1827. With two horses, two the family trekked westward to the native Indians and surrounded mules, and traps, he headed for the present site of Yountville. Bollinger County in southeast the Gila River to catch beaver. Re­ Missouri, west of Cape Girardeau Yount, taking his little Indian girl turning to Taos, Yount cached and his rifle, pitched his tent and and the Mississippi River. With eight thousand dollars worth of other German families they clear­ entertained his first guest, a beaver skins. American trappers 1S00-pound grizzly bear. After ed land and established farms. In operated on the fringes of legali­ 1812, when George was 18, the dispatching the bear, Yount built ty, at best; a year's catch of furs a substantial timber blockhouse. area suffered a disastrous earth­ could be confiscated by Mexican quake. Land and river channels officials. At Taos Yount found his Yount setup grist and sawmills, changed and disrupted farming. partners, from whom he expected raised wheat and com, horses, George enlisted in the state payment of his share of profits, cattle and sheep, and established militia and traversed the Missouri pleading hard times. Yount was orchards and vineyards. His River territory. By 1814 hewasin talked into bringing in his furs. flouring mill was the first in the Boonslick area. In his He lost again. California. memoirs he tells of swimming the Yount was planning a trip to Cal­ In 1843 Yount received an addi­ Missouri River at Arrow Rock and ifornia to purchase mules and tional grant of 40,000 acres atLa traveling west to the Miami Fort drive them back to Missouri. He jota on Howell Mountain east of to quell Indians (Camp). Later he had sentletters to hi s wife in Mi s­ Napa Valley (Dutton). Among the ventured west, past Lexington to souri, which may have been inter­ many visitors who enjoyed Fort Osage, then returned to cepted by his father-in-law. Yount's hospitality were joseph Cooper's Fort across the river Eliza filed for divorce in 1829. and William Chiles, old neighbors from Arrow Rock. In 1816 he raised Yount joined an expedition of six­ from Missouri and Trail travelers. a corn crop on rented land; in 1817 teen men led by his friend from They brought news of Yount's he returned to Cape Girardeau and Arrow Rock, William Wolfskill family at the Boonslick and offer­ drove cattle back to the Boonslick (Wilson). They arrived in Califor­ ed to bring them to California. where he bought land. He later nia near Los Angeles in 1830, and They returned in 1843 with some recalled that he paid for the land Yount, now at loose ends, decided of his children. twice, but the sale was invalid. to remain in California. By 1848, as California became -10- REFERENCES U. S. Army in the early 1980s and Barry Louise. The Beginning of the West. Topeka, the present study has its roots in K~nsas: Kansas State Historical Society, 1972. an earlierhistorical report funded Camp, Charles L., ed. George C. Yount: His Chronicle by the Army under the National of the Wesr. Denver, Colorado: Old West Publish­ ing Company, 1966. Historic Preservation Act. Constant, Alberta Winston. PaintbOx on the Frontier; Friedman's Valley of Lost Souls The Life and Times of George Caleb Bmgham. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell, 1974. contains extensive research into Dutton, Joan Parry. They Left Their Mark: Famous local records and also draws on Passages Though Wine Country. 51. Helena, interviews with former area re­ California: Illumination Press, 19B3. sidents. It is perhaps most valu­ History of Saline County. St. Louis, Missouri: Mis­ souri Historical Company, 1881. able for its accountofsettlement Wood, Ellen LaMont. George Yount,.the Kindly Host and use of this region from about of Caymus Valley. San FranCISco: Grabhorn 1870 through the early 1900s. Press, 1941. Trail buffs will find chapter two, Wilson, Iris Hi9bie. William Woifskill, Frontier Trap­ per to California Ranchero. Glendale, CalIfornIa: "Destitute Ravines. Early Explor­ Arthur H. Clark Company, 1965. ers. and the Santa Fe Trail." espe­ cially interesting. •• •• • Mark L. Gardner, ed. The Mexican Road: Trade, Travel, and Con­ frontation on the Santa FeTrail. Manhattan: Sunflower University "Country Squire" by George Caleb CONVERSE OF THE Press, 1989. 111us.• notes. maps. Bingham (c. 1847). PRAIRIES index. $12.00 postpaid. Order part of the United States. Yount from Sunflower University Press, was affluent and well establi­ -BOOK NOTICE5- P. O. Box 1009. Manhattan. KS shed. In 1849. after gold was dis­ William Mills, The Arkansas-An 66502-4228 (order form inserted with this mailing). covered at Sutter's mill, Yount's American River. Fayetteville: rancho, like others, was oV~lTUn University of Arkansas Press, The April issue ofJournal of the with squatters who appropnated 1988. 111us. Cloth. $30; paper. West. available now from the livestock and crops atwill. In the $20. above address for $10 postpaid. transition of Spanish land titles This history of the river along contains an introduction by the through the California courts. which a fair portion of the Santa editor and ten articles on the San­ there were constant legal battles Fe Trail ran, is recommended to ta Fe Trail: "To the Westward: to maintain claims against the everyone interested in the region. William Becknell and the Begin­ squatters. SFTA Ambassador Paul Bentrup, ning ofthe Santa Fe Trade" by Lar­ Yount's wife in Missouri. Eliza, who contributed information and ry Mahon Beachum; ''The Glas­ died in 1850. In 1855 he married whose photo appears in the vol­ gows: Missouri Merchants in the Elisabeth Gashwiler, widow of a ume. declared: ''This is a wonder­ Mexican Trade" by Mark L. Gard­ minister. She took over manage­ ful book, there isn't anything else ner; "Gnats. Goods. and Greasers: ment of his financial and legal like it. He doesn't mess around Mexican Merchants on the Santa affairs (Dutton). His holdings, with flow charts and all that stuff Fe Trail" by David A. Sandoval; with no debts. were worth over that nobody would be interested "Conn and Hays: Council Grove's $350,000 at that time. in anyway. Instead, he tells about Trail Merchants" by Kathryn Davis Yount died in 1865 at Caymus the river's history and its wild­ Gardner; "Westward to Health: Rancho and was buried at Yount­ life. It's his way of helping peo­ Gentlemen Health-Seekers on the ville cemetery which he had don­ ple understand what the river Santa Fe Trail" by Barton H. Bar­ ated. Photographs of Yount in lat­ really means. A lotof people think bour; "The Wagon Mound Mas­ er life (c. 1855) portrayhis portly water is the only important thing sacre" by Marc Simmons; "The frame and sterndemeanor (Camp). about the river. butit's more than Santa Fe Trail in Wartime: Expan­ At about the same time, George that. It's a part of us." sion and Preservation of the Caleb Bingham. Missouri artist • • • • • Union/l by Leo E. Oliva; "Redis­ who had lived in Arrow Rock. was covering the Fort Leavenworth Paul D. Friedman, VaHey of Lost rendering sketches for his genre Military Branch of the Santa Fe Souls: A History of the Pii'i.on paintings of boatmen. trappers, Trail/l by StanleyB. Kimball; "Pre­ Canyon Region of Southeastern and pioneers and the "ElectionSe­ servation Efforts on the Santa Fe Colorado. Denver: Colorado His­ Trail" by Jere L. Krakow; and "The ries." For the latter he sketched torical Society. 1989. Monograph ''The Country Squire" (Constant). Santa Fe Trail System" by William 3 of Essays and Monographs in George Yount. the "kindly host of G. Buckles. Colorado History. Pp. 122. Maps, These articles and three more Caymus Rancho," who had gone notes, index. Paper only, $4.95, west over the Santa Fe Trail, ("Conestogas on the Santa Fe plus $1.50 postage. Order from Trail." "Kate Kingsbury: ADeath on could have been the subject. Colorado Historical Society Mu­ It should be noted that Bing­ the Santa Fe Trail." and "A Photo­ seum Store. 1300 Broadway, Den­ grapher Explores the Santa Fe ham's sketches for his famous ver. CO 80203. paintings of Missouri River and Trail") will appear in the book edi­ pioneer 1ife and politics were pur­ This study has as its primary tion cited above. This is an excel­ chased by the people of Missouri focus a 380-square-mile tract of lent collection of Trail material. in 1975. They are now at the land along the Purgatoire River in including many fine illustrations, Nelson-Atkins gallery in Kansas Las Animas County now known as which appeaIs to buffs and ser­ City and the St. Louis Art Museum. the Fort Carson-Pinon Canyon ious scholars alike. The editor Maneuver Area. This controver­ and many ofthe authors are active sia 1 parcel was taken over by the members of SFTA. Manuel Armijo for a grant of land at La 1unta. The grant received. Scolly and the others colonized the triangular valley at the junction by Novem­ ber 1843. But the Scolly grantees were not the first to settle in the valley. In 1841 an Englishman by the name of James Boney. with his 10 Gol.o.lo...""G.....,...... ltl.... Mexican wife. settled and began ...~oM~ to cultivate the land and build an irrigation ditch. Lt. W. H. Emory. with Brig. Gen. Stephen W. Kear­ ny's Army of the West in 1846. reported: "Six miles brought us to the first settlement we had yet seen in 775 miles. The first object I saw was a pretty Mexican wo­ man. with clean white stocking. who very cordially shook hands with us and asked for tobacco. In the next house lived Mr. Boney. an American. who has been some associated with Bent's Fort. the garrison at Fort Union and travel­ time in this country. and is the two built a trading post on the ers on the Trail. When the railroad owner of a large number ofhorses Mora about a mile above the junc­ came in 1879, Watrous donated and cattle. which he manages to tion of the rivers. During the land for a townsite. Because the keep in defiance of wolves. 1850's Barclay's Fort. resembling railroad already had another La Indians. and Mexicans. He is a Bent's Old Fort. became a well­ Junta in Colorado. Watrous's perfect specimen of a generous known stopping place on the name was given to the new rail­ open-hearted adventurer. and in Trail. Only scattered foundation road town. The Watrous house appearance what. I have pictured stones are now left to mark this still sits in the valley immediate­ to myself. Daniel Boone. of Ken­ once important trading establish­ ly north of the town of Watrous. tucky. must have been likeinhis ment and stage station. A portion of the original house day. He drove his herd of cattle Samuel B. Watrous. who came was torn down in the late 1950s. into camp and picked out the lar­ to New Mexico from Vermont in However it was faithfully recon­ gest and fattest. which he pre­ 1837. settled with his family at structed from Historic American sented to the army." Boney was La Junta in 1849. He bought one­ Building Survey drawings done in killed shortly thereafter by seventh interest in the Scolly 1940. The house today is the Indians and his family moved out Grant and built a great adobe headquarters of the Doolittle of the valley. ranch house and store at the junc­ Ranch. In 1849 Alexander Barclay. an tion of the Mora and Sapello Watrous had several daughters Englishman. and 1. B. Doyle. an rivers. He amassed large herds of who married and settled in the American, came to La lunta. For­ cattle. engaged in trade on the valley. George Gregg married one merly Indian traders on the plains Trail. and sold merchandise to the and became the manager of the -12- Barlow-Sanderson Stage Station cross pasture land and head into at an intersection of the trails Tiptonville and Watrous. Fort COUNCIL TROVE just above the crossing of the Union was declared a National -DOCUMENTS­ Monument in 1956. It is now Sapello River. This station, CAMP NICHOLS known as the Gregg Stage Station administered by the National Park or the Sapello Stationwas a "home Service and is open each day of Maurine S. Fletcher providedthe station" where stages made half­ the year except Christmas and following material on Camp Ni­ hour meal stops. On New Mexico New Year's Day. chols: the order to Kit Carson to SR 161 south of Watrous and west South of Fort Union on SR 161 establish the camp, an artist's of 1-25, the stage station still one passes two ponds. These are conception of how Camp Nichols exists looking much as itdid dur­ Los Pozos where Kearny and the appeared, and the reminiscences ing the 1860s and 1870s when Army of the West camped in 1846. of Mrs. R. D. (Marian) Russell. stagecoaches stopped there. Itis Continuing on, the Army occupied Marian Sloan Russell's book, The now a private residence. Santa Fe for the United States Land of Enchantment, contains without firing a shot. information about herlife atCamp Another Watrous daughter mar­ Nichols, butthis version presents At mile marker 26 on SR 161 are ried William Tipton in 1849, who additional material. These two ar­ probably the most evident set of with his brother came through La ticles and others about Camp Ni­ junta in 1846 with the Army ofthe ruts. They come over the hill and chols were printed in the Boise West. Tipton went into partner­ head straight into Tiptonville. City News Historical Edition, Erosion has deepened these ruts ship with his father-in-law and Summer 1968. settled about a mile above Bar­ to a depthof six feetormore. just clay's Fort in the valley. By 1870 before the junction of SR 161 and Department of New Mexico he had laid out a townsite around 1-25 ruts may be seen comingover Assistant Adjutant General's Office his ranch. Tiptonville contained the hill and heading into the Wa­ Santa Fe, N.M. stores, saloons, a church, and a trous Store. Black Willow Trees, May 7, 1865 school. On the Mountain Branch it reportedly planted by Watrous, Colonel Christopher Carson with became a stopping place for car­ line the old Trail, funnelingtrav­ Major Albert H. Pfeiffer and Com­ avans on the Trail and a gathering elers almost to the front door of panies C and L of his regiment, and Company F., First Cavalry California place for the soldiers from Fort the store. As a stretch of the Volunteers will proceed from Ft. Union. Although Tipton's impres­ Mountain Branch ran straight from Union, New Mexico, starting on the sive ranch house burned, founda­ Fort Union to Watrous, bypassing 20th inst. to Cedar Bluffs or Cold tions of it remain alongwith what Tiptonville, this is considered an Springs on the Cimarron route to is reputed to be his store and a intersection of the two branches. the States where, at or near one stage stop. The adobe remains of If you follow the road into Wa­ of these places, Colonel Carson will ten largely unaltered buildings trous, you will be on the Trail select and establish a camp. .. exist, reflecting the adobe-brick when you are at the point where . The object of establishing this construction characteristic ofthe Black Willows line the road. A camp is to have troops at that dan­ gerous part of the route in order Territorial period. Tiptonville drive around the town of Watrous, to give protection to trains passing lies off NM SR 161 on the way to little changed since most of the to and from the States. The details Fort Union. It can be reached by structures were built just before as to how this force can best a county road which goes through the turn of the century, gives one effect its object is left entirely with the old town following the Santa a good feeling for the New Mexico Colonel Carson. Fe Trail and returns to SR 161. town of that era although many By Command of Brig. Gen. Carlton. Trail ruts are evident both north buildings are in a state of Asst. Adj. Gen. Ben C. Cutler. and south of the town. To the east disrepair. That summer of 1865 at Camp Ni­ of Tiptonville and SR 161, a cutoff Traveling on old US 85 between chols on the Cimarron Cutoff ofthe from the CimarronBranch leads in­ Watrous and Wagon Mound, one Santa Fe Trail was related, many to Tiptonville and is evident com­ can, at a leisurely pace, inspect years later, by Mrs. R. D. (Marian) ing down the hill. Both the town ruts of the Cimarron Branch. Al­ Russell: and these ruts are private proper­ though ruts are visible from 1-25, I was born in Illinois and was mar­ ty, but visitors are welcome to the old highway gives one a ried at Fort Union, New Mexico, in drive the county road through the chance to move slowly without February, 1865 to LieutenantR. D. town and view the ruts from SR much traffic. South of Watrous Russell, a member of the regular 161. and .3 mile south of mile marker Army, though a Canadian by birth. 364 on the west side of the road My wedding journey, I might say, Fort Union was established in was made to Camp Nichols. 1851 for the protection ofnorthern is the Trail leading from the In May, 1865, orders were given New Mexico and the Santa Fe Sapello crossing to Las Vegas. Another routing parallels 1-25 on Kit Carson to march eastward along Trail. It soon became the major the Santa Fe Trail, which passed quartermaster depot for the South­ the east to the crest of the hill Fort Union, and establish a canton­ west. Immense wagon trains car­ but is difficult to see. ment for the protection of the wa­ rying supplies for the military in The present day La junta valley gon trains and stages along the the Southwest snaked over the is little changed from the time route to the end of the railways plains to the depot at FortUnion. when mules and oxen pulled wa­ in Missouri and Kansas. The Ar­ Trail ruts abound around the fort gons along the Santa Fe Trail. The apaho and Apache had added their and weave through and around the most obvious intrusion, Inter­ forces to the Cheyennes, Kiowas and Comanches, and wagon trains remaining adobe structures. state 25, is quickly lostonce one had almost ceased trying to cross Here, one is able to stand in the gets into the countryside. In this the Plains without military escort. ruts and follow their course land of wide-open prairies and It has ever been the policy of this through the fort property. From endless sky, visitors can return government to keep always in mind here one can look south to the La to a slower time of a hundred the permanent good of the white junta valley and see at least years ago and get a feel for the man while bestowing as many indul­ three courses of ruts as they commerce of the prairies.

Mount.:.lin }fo\\;tzcr

...... ~J'.' I ~.

. I· 1", I / = \ :-- "'""""~---- ... _....--,.;:-:. .,.-----.-c-~-.l_ .....--- --~_'-_·,_. ..;...... ,-_._.....,.....-_,...... ~~./ -~I' .\lt~ An artist's conception of Camp Nichols, drawn by Bucky Walters. -14- much with us, and I remember his Indians, however ever ventured to Apri120. The content was an inter­ crude English: "whar" for where attack us, though a few miles down view conducted years ago with and "thar" for there. I do not recall the Trail they continued their raids. Mrs. A. D. Hudnall. daughter of that he superintended to any great The howitzers at Camp Nichols were John Prowers and his Cheyenne extent the work of the soldiers, fired on one occasion only, and wife. Amache. which seemed to go on with the that was July 4, 1865. The camp • regularity of clockwork. flagpole stood some 100' south of •••• A bill has been introduced in His tent was some 50' from ours, the gate and the flag from this flew and generally had its sides rolled daily to the breeze. Regularly, at Congress to authorize a one-year up. Within it Colonel Carson lay 9:00 p.m., the bugler sounded study by the National Park Service much of the time during the day, "Tattoo" and at 9: 15, "Taps." and Bureau of Land Management on his rough bedstead made of 4 This routine life lasted until the of eight forts inNew Mexico, lead­ short forked posts set in the latter part of September and then ing to the establishment of a ground with poles across, and orders came to us one day, after "Boots and Saddles Tour" of the scanned the neighboring eleva­ a good deal of stone work had been performed, to return to Fort Union. sites by auto. foot. and tions, looking for Indians which, horseback. however, never came. Our infantry and cavalry one morn­ One night, during a wind and rain ing got into regular formation, wa­ • •• • • storm, his tent blew down, and he gons were loaded with what we wi­ New Mexico Magazine will pub­ had to call the sergeant of the shed to take, and slowly we rode lish a Santa Fe Trail article by guards to come and get him out. westward, in a few days to again SFTA member Danita Ross in the reach Fort Union. We left at Camp The last time I saw him was as Nichols a stack of hay and another June issue. Information aboutthe he, leading his horse, stopped at on the prairie, which the men had Symposium will be included. To our tent, before our stone rooms cut. purchase a postage-paid copy of were completed, to bid me goodbye the June issue. send $2.25 to Mol­ the morning he set out for Fort Thus closed my life, although by no means my vivid recollection of ly Crenshaw. New Mexico Maga­ Union and again warned me not to zine. P. O. Box 20003. Santa Fe, go out "thar" as he pointed off to it, at this short-lived fort on the the Santa Fe Trail, as the Indians old Trail. NM 87503. might get me. ••••• I was the last person he addres­ Las Vegas and four other Trail sed before he mounted and rode communities in New Mexico are away. I was never to see him again. publishing a four-colorTrail bro­ He and all the officers at Camp Ni­ chure this spring. All Trail com­ chols wore their uniforms most of h munities in the state should ben­ HOOF PRINTS the time, though occasionally they efit from increased visits. For a donned cloth blouses when scout­ -TRAIL TIDBITS- ing. Capt. Strom was the most free copy, send a self-addressed, proper officer at Nichols, and I SFTA Ambassador Paul Bentrup stamped (45 cents) business en­ never recall seeing him with his had surgery in February and is do­ velope to Martin Leger. Trail Lia­ coat unbuttoned. ing well at lastreport. It's impos­ son. P. O. Box 148. Las Vegas. NM And so the summer of 1865 pas­ sible to keep a good man down, 87701. sed quickly enough for us at the especially when the Trail is •• • • • cantonmet; finishing walls and calling. The March issue of Motorhome houses and performing military du­ • • • • • Magazine featured an article, ties. My time was spent in short OCTA will hold its annual con­ walks, watching the squaws as "Santa Fe Trail OdysseY,"LarryE. they busied themselves about the vention at Boise. 10. August 8-13. Johnson. which contains many fort or tanned deer hides at the 1989. Those planning to attend color photographs with informa­ stream, and with occasional rides must register by July 12. For tion about highway routes and on horseback with Major Pfeiffer, information, contact OCTA, P. O. sites to visit. A short list of books who taught me how to mount and Box 1019. Independence. MO about the Trail. including SFTA sit in the saddle. His wife had, 64051-0519 (816) 252-2276. President Marc Simmons's Fol­ shortly before this, been killed by • • •• • lowing the Santa Fe Trail. was the Indians and he was shot in the A bill has been introduced in included. thigh with an arrow, which ever af­ terwards caused lameness and a Congress to designate the Califor­ • •••• great hatred of "Injuns." nia Trail and the Pony Express The National Association of His­ One story I must tell of Major Pfief­ Trail as National Historic Trails. panic Chambers of Commerce has fer. At Nichols one of the soldiers •• • •• requested that the Santa Fe City had a pet crow. The bird would fly Merrill J. Mattes recently Council erect a statue of the ci­ into houses and rooms and help received a Wrangler Award from ty's founder, Don Pedro de Peral­ himself at will. One day we found the National Cowboy Hall ofFame ta. on the plaza. replacing the that it had visited Pfeiffer's qua­ and Western Heritage Center for Soldiers Monument now located rters nearby, destroyed a shirt, his recently published Platte there. It was erected in 1868 as and worst of all, upset a bottle of a memorial to Union soldiers kil­ whiskey, the contents of which River Road Narratives. Con­ were lost. In relating this, the major gratulations' led in the Civil War and to settlers said, "That crow! He tore my shirt • •• •• killed by Indians. Santa Fe plans that cost $7. That don't matter, The Midland Railroad Historical to erect a statue ofPeralta; where but he also stole my whisckey!" Association will run touristtrains remains to be decided. Each morning the 10 Indian from Baldwin City. KS, on Satur­ • • • • • scouts would qUietly ride away and days. Sundays, and holidays from Bent's Old Fort Historical As­ return at sunset. Two pickets were April 29 through October 29. 1989. sociation has issued anewcata­ kept out during the day, one 2 miles logue of items available through east and the other about the same • •• •• distance west, mounted always on A series of articles on Boggs­ the trade room and bookstore at fast horses and at night sentinels ville appeared in the Bent County the site. They are seekingvolun­ were posted near the camp. No Democract, March 30, April 6. and teers and new members for the -15- support group. For infonnation, A CARAVAN CORRALLED contact the Association, 35110 Highway 194 East, La junta, CO by Mark L. Gardner 81050 (719) 384-2800. [Mark L. Gardner is administrator of the Baca/Bloom and Pioneer • • ••• Museum in Trinidad, a member of the SFTA board of directors, and Ladder Films of Santa Fe is editor of the newly published Mexican Road: Trade, Travel, and Con­ preparing a publicity film on frontation on the Santa Fe Trail.] selected sites and persons along Most Trail buffs and scholars have seen the familiar line drawing the Santa Fe Trail to be used by by Thomson Willing of a train offreight wagons corralled on the prairie, the National Park Service. Ambas­ supposedly along the Santa Fe Trail. Willing's drawing first appeared sador Bentrup assisted the crew in Henry Inman's The Old Santa Fe Trail in 1897 and has been re­ in his region. produced in numerous Trail books since. What most Trail scholars • • •• • do not know, however, is that Willing copied his drawing from an The Rice County Historical illustration in an earlier book, HowardL.Conard'sUnc1eDickWootton Society has published a nice map (1890), and that the illustration for the Wootton book was in tum of the Trail and related features a doctored-up copy of a photograph taken on the streets of Denver in the county, "Historic Trails," in the late 1860s. Obviously, authentic Santa Fe Trail images are prepared by Ralph Hathaway and hard to come by! The images, in their order of appearance, follow. illustrated by Shirley Schmidt. Infonnation about 20 sites identi­ fied on the map is on the back of the II" x 17" sheet. To obtain a copy (price unknown), contact the Society, 105 West Lyon, Lyons, KS 67554 (316) 257-3941. • • • • • The April issue of Folio, news­ letter of Patrice Press, contains a story about the nun's grave pho­ to, depicting the burial of Sister Mary Alphonsa Thompson along the Trail in 1867. The photo was staged near Santa Fe in 1902 as part of the celebrationofthe 50th anniversary of the coming of the Sisters of Loretto to Santa Fe. The search for the site of the actual grave continues.

MULE QUIZ The original albumen print in the collections of the Colorado Historical Test Your Knowledge Society in Denver has several captions written on the back, but the [This test came from Hilda and Louise, the Hee most likely seems to be this: "0 & B Powers train of Leavenworth to Haws of the University of Missouri Veterinary Denver June 20, 1868." It shows the train "corraled" on Denver's Holladay School, as dictated to Virginia Lee Fisher.] Street between "Ffl and fiG: streets, now 15th and 16th. (Courtesy Colora­ DONKEY X HORSE do Historical Society.) jack x Mare: (A) Male (B) Fema:-/e---- jenny x Stallion: (C) Male ~ _ (D) Female ...., Fill in above blanks: Molly Hinny, Horse Mule, Molly MUle, Horse Hinny (E) Offspring of Mules and Hinnys are called: (check one) Burros; Bas- tards; __You're Kidding -- Common name of (F) Equus caballas (G) Equus Asinus ANSWERS (A Horse Mule; (8) Molly Mule; (e) Horse Hinny; (0) Molly Hinny; (E) You're kidding, donkey x horse crosses are sterile; (F) Horse; (G) Donkey Perfect score credentials you as a mule master; otherwise a cert­ "The Wagon Train Corral." This illustration was created from the first ified jackass! photograph for Uncle Dick Wootton, written by Howard Louis Conard and Hilda and Louise published in Chicago by W. E. Dibble & Co. in 1890. (Courtesy Colorado HEE HAW! Historical Society.) -16- and the Trail, with sandy or silty soil. (When the Indians attacked, the men of the wagon train had dug foxholes, one of them large enough to protect a pony!) Because the 1868 trainwas ambu­ shed and had not time to circle the wagons or hold the oxen, the searchers looked for a place near the Santa Fe Trail that could con­ ceal the seventy-five Indians who watched the approaching dust of eight wagons, oxen, and a hundred head of cattle. Several small creek beds qualified on the maps. One, that had had an island before the irrigation era, seemed ideal. ("Those dammed creeks" \111,<1 ••. ,...... wasn't mere profanity!) One siza­ / jp jill' "P" . '. ' .. ble area began to emerge as the .' .,. .,,,-,,,,p,, \., "." - "J., 'llt/, •• ',' most likely. ,'II... '. The next stage involved walking the area. Clutching written per­ "A Caravan Corraled." This final version of the Powers train was drawn from the Uncle Dick Wootton illustration for Henry Inman's The Old Santa mission to trespass, the team Fe Trail, published in New York by the Macmilllan Company in 1897. (Courte­ drove to the likely spot and Edith sy Colorado Historical Society.) explained the "lay of the land." In 1868 the first wave of attackers SEARCH FOR SITE their lobby, and it was soon cut out the first two wagons in covered with a snow of paper the train and drove them across (continued from page 1) overa few coffee cups. The best the riverwith the woman and child live for her son. And when her course seemed to work from de­ huddled in one. But it was said twenty-first birthday dawned on tails in three original sources and the two men ran two to three hun­ her in captivity, a day she had "interview" the land, to see if it dred yards among oxen and planned to spend with husband, fit the qualifications in the old Indians, trying to stop the Blinn child, and parents in safety, she accounts. If the "search and wagon. Another group of attackers may well have faltered. Later she record" mission had a godfather, stampeded the livestock and was given the chance to write a it was Paul Bentrup, bodacious herded them across. letter from the Arapaho camp and Trail Ambassador and fastest pho­ Bentrup emerged from his pick­ produced an organized, eloquent tocopy finger in the West. Paul up flourishing his weapon of plea for ransom, leaving no per­ arrived with topographical maps, truth, a soil augur, and marched tinent question unanswered, copies of aerial surveys, soil along, drilling holes in any area without knowing to whom she quality maps, and an 1873 plat not occupied by crops or snakes. wrote. And when she and her child showing the Arkansas River's The 1873 map told the 1989 party died with their own blood bright course then. Edith Birchler, cura­ that they were probably standing on the winter snow, perhaps she tor of the Big Timbers Museum in in the old river bed; there was realized that the men to whom she Lamar, provided local terrain plenty of sand. Farther up a gentle had looked for rescue had caused information and quiet guidance. slope (perhaps the old river their deaths. Ava Betz is an author and the com­ bank), silt was present, butmore She and her son died in Novem­ piler of Prowers County's histor­ than a hundred years ofwind ero­ ber of 1868, during Custer's at­ ical chronicle; she added to the sion and cultivation had changed tack on Black Kettle atthe Washi­ rapidly filling bank ofknowledge the soil content. It seems prob­ ta River. The army officers who at the table. able that those amazing foxholes found their bodies described Mary Moorehead, whose grand­ were near the (then) course of the Clara as not only "beautiful" and mother was Clara Blinn's younger river, on the north bank, but that "unusually pretty," but tarnished sister, had copies of the original area is now cropland. Because the and defiled, by then notworth the accounts (with pertinent details river's curve was flatter then and five ponies it would have taken highlighted) for each member of the bed wider, the shallow bank to ransom her. the team. Bruce Moorehead would may have been even lower and ea­ Her story was laid away from help safari the team to its objec­ sy to cross with a wagon. prurient curiosity for over a hun­ tive. And TomThomason, the mild­ Where did the attackers hide? A dred years. On April 17, 1989, a mannered medical man who person standing in the grove of small group armed with their own becomes a dashing cowboy pilot trees at the creek, at the point determination gathered in Lamar, at the mention of the Santa Fe where an island had been, was al­ Colorado. They intended to find Trail, soon arrived in his Piper most invisible; with lessened the place on the Santa Fe Trail Turbo Arrow for spotting from the flow today, and dust-bearing where Clara Blinn and her baby air. Tom was born where the Lewis wind, the creek bed, adequate were captured. And they hope that and Clark Trail crosses the Santa now for a hiding place, is surely soon the spot will be marked to Fe Trail and as a boy often camped not as deep or as tree-lined as honor a brave, but long ignored, at Arrow Rock. it was then. frontier woman. The team needed to find a site The team walked in all direc­ For the strategy session a Lamar between one and eleven miles tions, trying to recreate a noisy motel loaned the largest table in beyond Sand Creek, on the river capture on the quiet land. Thoma- -17- son looked for lost trail ruts; bring to the puzzle's solution. William E. Hill, 91 Wood Rd., Center­ Thomason found some that Ben­ The site where young Mrs. Blinn each, NY 11720 trup, a rut owner, liked. Admiring was captured is private property M/M W. W. Hubbard, Drawer H, the flat land's beauty and the liq­ Hugoton, KS 67951 today, so no exact description G. Dean & B. Sue Keller, 2100 SW uid meadowlark songs, working will be given until her experience out possible 1868 scenarios, the Glick Rd., Topeka, KS 66615 is outlined for Trail travelers on Edward B. & Helen M. Kepley, RR team came together again. "Ifthe a Santa Fe Trail marker. 2 Box 129, Ulysses, KS 67880 river was up there and the trail [Mary Moorehead, a grand­ John & Mindi Knightly, 141864St., almost at the road, then they came Des Moines, Iowa 50311 ..." "This had to be itt" "No doubt niece of Clara Blinn, is writing a book-length account of the R. E. Kohler, Boise City, OK 73933 about it!" Charles & lIa Mae Macy, RR 1, Box Blinn story. If anyone has 203-A, Alta Vista, KS 66834 After lunch Thomason and the relevant information to share, Mooreheads took to the air inthe Jack L. & Bertie L. Madden, 614 please write her at917 Calle Vis­ West Grant, McPherson, KS Piper. The sources said that the toso, Santa Fe, NM 87501.J 67460 Indians had burned the wagons "a­ Keith W. & Marian Mull, Box 8, Lar­ cross the river," at (or before) ned, KS 67550 their first night's camping place; INEW SFTA MEMBERS I M/M Norris A. Nye, P. O. Box 487, the besieged men ofthe train saw Lamar, CO 81052 the smoke. When the cavalry ar­ This list includes newmember­ Rick & Alisa Paul, 112 W. Main, rived from Fort Lyon, the Indians ships received since the roster Council Grove, KS 67846 had surrounded the men in their went to press up to May 8, when Pete & Vivian Petura, 3508 St. An­ holes for four days but had been drews Dr., Rio Rancho, NM 87124 total memberships were approxi­ Robert & Joan Phillips, RR 1 Box 33, alerted and disappeared to the mately 875 (depending on how Admire, KS 66830 south. A small detachmentofmen many late renewals are received); Rex & Sue Pio, RR 1 Box 168-A, followed, and four miles south of those received after thisprinting Edgerton, KS 66021 the capture site, Lt. Abell's men will appear in the next issue. If Darrell Ratzlaff, RR 1 Box 49, Ulyss­ found a note left by Mrs. R. F. there is an error in this informa­ es, KS 67880 Blinn. The very dry soil of that tion, please send corrections to Maurice & Gladys Renfro, 1034 S. Indian summer drought would the editor. If you know of people Monroe, Hugoton, KS 67951 have made tracking difficult; how who may be interested in the As­ M/M Murice O. Rinkel, 1790 Dela­ did they know where to look? ware Ave NE, St. Petersburg, FL sociation and are not a member, 33703 There must have been a good please urge them to join. We Roy & Pauline Rude, P. O. Box 37, campsite down there, with water, thank you for your support. New Franklin, MO 65274 known to be used by travelers. C. P. "Rusty" & Alene Schwerdt, RR And there is indeed such a place, INSTITUTIONAL MEMBERSHIPS 2 Box 114, Burlingame, KS 66413 now part of an irrigation system, Clayton & Thelma Shepherd, RR 2 that obviously began with a Friends of the Rice-Tremonti Home Box 133, Burlingame, KS 66413 Assoc., 7113 Harecliff Dr., Kan­ Emil & Betty Siefken, P. O. Box spring; it is large and lower than sas City, MO 64133 the surrounding land. Nearby lies 1944, Fort Collins, CO 80522 High Plains Journal, Box 760, Dodge Clarence & Lois Spittles, RR 1 Box a deserted monument to hysteria City, KS 67801 41, Alta Vista, KS 66834 in another conflict: Camp Amache, Johnson County Museum System, Herbert L. & Agnes J. Stormont, where fear and racial suspicion 6305 Lackman Rd., Shawnee, KS 126 East 14th Ave., HutChinson, doomed United States citizens of 67217 . KS 67501 Japanese blood to internment. New Mexico Historic Preservation Norman & Lola Tornquist, P. O. Box From the air the estimated route Division, 228 East Palace Ave., 103, Council Grove, KS 66846 Santa Fe, NM 87503 Karl & Josephine Uffelman, 101 of the Santa Fe Trail stretches Brentwood Dr., Pueblo, C081005 long and flat in the lonely dis­ FAMILY MEMBERSHIPS Jack & Pat Vogt, Tampa, KS 67483 tance from Boggs's Ranch, the Irby & Edith Ward, RR 1, Reading, departure point, to the capture Fred & Gloria Auchard, RR 1 Box 77, KS 66868 site. Today's traveler, used to Council Grove, KS 66846 Philip Wessel, 101 E. Seward, Bur­ modem technology and conven­ Eugene & Beverly Barner, 6323 lingame, KS 66413 ience, seldom thinks of the dan­ Charlotte, Shawnee, KS 66216 Donald J. & Mary Jo White, RR 2 Robert & Sharon Brown, 945 N. Pa­ gers and tedium, the dust and dis­ Box 112-A, Burlingame, KS sadena #103, Mesa, AZ 85201 66413 comfort of travel in a coveredwa­ Paul & Jessie Carlson, RR 2, Burlin­ Jack & Heather Wilson, RR 3 Box gon. Clara Blinn went through all game, KS 66413 75, Council Grove, KS 66846 those things-and ambush, cap­ Kenneth W. Daugherty, 830 Hauck ture, and death, as well. Rd., Council Grove, KS 66846 INDIVIDUAL MEMBERSHIPS Scott & Karen Davis, RR 3 Box 58, Flying north from the river's Jean L. Anderson, 4218 Sratoga lifeline, the plane passengers Council Grove, KS 66846 Damiel M. & B. Elaine Day, 3219SW Dr., Bloomington, IN 47401 were able to see snow geese 29th Terr, Topeka, KS 66611 Terry D. Anderson, RR 2 Box 57-A, floating like a drift of petals on Dudley & Melissa Donahue, RR 1 Box Ulysses, KS 67880 small reservoirs. Perhaps those 9, Durham, KS 67438 James E. Bowers, P. O. Box 236, birds were descendants ofthe two R. C. & Logusta Dutcher, 602 S. Council Grove, KS 66846 wild geese Clara's husband shot Madison, Hugoton, KS 67951 Nancy Bowra, 3220 Wellesley Dr. in April of 1868, on his way to Luis E. & Jessie Escalante, 545 N. NE #4, Albuquerque, NM 871.07 Taylor Ave. Apt. 16, Montebello, Mike Burton, RR 1 Box 41, Alta VIS­ seek health and wealth in Colora­ ta, KS 66834 do Territory. CA 90640 Louis H. & Wilma Fritzemeier, RR 2, Jayne Chromy, 1915 W. Third Ave., The "search and record" mission Burlingame, KS 66413 Durango, CO 81301 was over. Its success came from Hugh & Thelma Hanson, RR 2 Box Harvey Crist, 2330 Cristwood Ct., letters, a diary, records, surveys, 110, Burlingame, KS 66413 Santa Rosa, CA 95401 and maps. But the 1989teammem­ Lois & Sylvester Hileman, Box 596, Marjorie Dreasher, 1621 Donalson, bers each had unique gifts to Ulysses, KS 67880 Emporia, KS 66801. -18- Eldon Drennan, 308 N. Church, TRAIL CALENDAR Fayette, MO 65248 Jane L. Elder, 8420 Bocowood, Dal­ LES VILDA Everyone is invited to send no­ las, TX 75228 tices for this section; provide Dr. David Farmer, 3223 Woodland DO YOU HAVE location, date{s), time(s) and ac­ Dr., Southlake, TX 76092 tivity. Remember this is a quarter­ Sallie Foster, Box 846, Claremont, CA 91711 ly. The next issue should appear Connie Frederick, 1481 Lieunett, in August, so send information for Wichita, KS 67203 BURRO September and later to arrive by Jim Frederick, 212 W. First, Hugo­ July 20. Thank you. ton, KS 67951 Betty M. Geiger, 1314 Sixth St., May 27-29, 1989: Fort Larned Na­ Boonville, MO 65233 INSURANCE? tional Historic Site Memorial Wee­ Myndert M. Gilbert, 1823 Calle Los kend Living-History Programs. Vecinos, Albuquerque, NM 87107 Contact Supt., Fort Larned NHS, Sherrill Goering, Box 472, Hugoton, RR 3, Larned, KS 67550 (316) KS 67951 285-6911. Jack Goodier, 10744 SW 88 St., May 31-June 4, 1989: Santa Fe Miami, FL 33176 Trail Daze, Boise City, OK. Con­ David P. Keener, P. O. Box 582, Har­ tact Chamber of Commerce, P. per's Ferry, WV 25425 O. Box 1027, Boise City, OK Donald Knott, Box 103, Manter, KS 73933. 67862 Paul F. Martini, 710 Sac Dr., Enid, June 3-4. 1989: Las Vegas, NM, OK 73701 "Trails and Rails" Celebration. Roberta McBride, 2807 San Ardo, IF NOT, BETTER SEE Contact C of C, 727 Grand Ave., Belmont, CA 94602 Las Vegas, NM 87701. Robert McPhee, 1255 Galapago June 3-4, 1989: Fort Union Living­ #707, Denver, CO 80204 HILDA & LOUISE History Demonstrations, includ­ Sally B. Mercurio, 2524 Eighth Ave., ing musket demonstrations, wo­ Pueblo, CO 81003 BACK ISSUES AVAILABLE men on the frontier, infantry, Marilyn Migliarini, 11820 Wild Horse cavalry, Civil War, and the Santa Tr. SE, Albuquerque, NM 87123 Back issues of WT may be pur­ Fe Trail. Contact Superintend­ Clara Musick, 5502 Floyd, Amarillo, chased from the editor for $1.00 ent, Fort Union National Monu­ TX 79106 per copy postpaid. ment, Watrous, NM 87753 (505) Glen Norton, Box 152, Overbrook, 425-8025. KS 66524 All matters relating to Wagon June 7-12, 1989: Heart of the Flint Pat Norton, Box 182, Leoti, KS Hills Chapter Trail Ride. Contact 67861 Tracks should be addresed to the editor: Don Cress, RR 1 Box 66, Council Thad Patterson, Box 1295, Sea­ Grove, KS 66846 (316) 767­ graves, TX 79359 Leo E. Oliva 5826. Betty Paxson, 2255 West Ridge RR 1, Box 31 June 10-11, 1989: Santa Fe Trail Dr., Topeka, KS 66614 Woodston, KS 67675 Festival, Trinidad, CO, see article John W. Pollock, RR 2 Box 323, (913) 994-6253 on p. 5. Contact TDAD, 100 E. Stone Lake, WI 54876 All inquiries regarding mem­ Main #304, Trinidad, CO 81082 Delores Robert, 216 Market St., (719) 846-4550. Osage City, KS 66523 bership should be directed to WilliamJ. Rundorff, 7812So. HiIICir­ the secretary-treasurer: June 10-11.1989: Bent's OldFort Artists in the Park. A number of cle, Littleton, CO 80120 Ruth Olson Rick Sellers, 522 Country Lane, the West's finest artists will be Santa Fe Trail Center at the fort to paint, exhibit, and Council Grove, KS 66846 RR 3 Ellis J. Smith, 2215 So. Clark, Mex­ interpret their work. Contact Su­ Larned, KS 67550 perintendent, Bent's Old Fort Na­ ico, MO 65265 (316) 285-2054 Nevin S. Snyder, 246 Cypress Ln, tional Monument, 35110 Hwy 194 Broomfield, CO 80020 E, La Junta, CO 81050 (719) Wilma B. Stephens, 930 S. Fair­ 384-2596. lawn, Marshall, MO 65340 June 13-18. 1989: NRA Annual San­ Michael E. Stubbs, RR 1 Box 173, $5.00 ta Fe Trail Rendezvous, Whitting­ Eskridge, KS 66423 ton Center nearRaton, NM. Con­ Mary K. Sullivan, P. O. Box 326, BEST WESTERN tact Patrick Boyle, NRA Whitting­ Ulysses, KS 67880 BENT'S FORT INN ton Center, P. O. Box 700, Raton, Joe Taylor, 229 Orchard, Council NM 87740. Grove, KS 66846 East Highway 50 June 21-22, 1989: Santa Fe Na­ Bill Trent, 316 Broadview, EI Dor­ Las Animas, CO 81054 tional Historic Trail Advisory ado, KS 67042 Council meeting at Santa Fe; see Warren R. Wieboldt, 34237 Hwy (719) 456-0011 story on page one. 550 #54, Durango, CO 81301 Quarter up at Bent's June 24, 1989: Fort Union, "The L. V. Withee, 748 Elling St., Man­ Santa Fe Trail, the Early Years." hattan, KS 66502 Fort Inn on the SFT and visit Dragoons, infantrymen, and Kenneth Woody, 8135 W. Floyd traders will tell the story of the Ave 9-101, Lakewood, CO 80227 Bent's Old Fort early days along the Trail. Con­ June Workman, RR 2, Burlingame, Boggsville tact Superintendent, Fort Union KS 66413 Zebulon Pike Sighting National Monument, Watrous, Dennis Youk, RR 2 Box 36, Durham, Kit Carson Museum NM 87753 (505) 425-8025. KS 67438 Kit Carson Chapel June 24-July 23, 1989: Museum of Leland Zerbe, RR 1 Box 142, Council the Great Plains, Lawton, OK, Grove, KS 66846 Present this coupon for Smithsonian Traveling Exhibition $5.00 room discount -"The Santa Fe Trail: Photo­ VISIT A TRAIL SITE graphs by Joan Myers." -19- July 1-4, 1989: Fort Larned NHS vignettes from Fort Union's FROM THE EDITOR Fourth of July and Santa Fe Trail past; reservations required and Living-History Programs. Con­ will be accepted beginning June Many exciting things continue tact Supt., Fort Larned NHS, RR 1. Contact Superintendent, Fort to happen along the Trail, and all 3, Larned, KS 67550 (316) Union National Monument, Wa­ trails lead to Santa Fe and Las 285-6911. trous, NM 87753 (505) 425­ Vegas for the Symposium. The July 4, 1989: Bent's Old Fort Old 8025. chapters have been bringing in Time Fourth of July. Frontier­ Sept. 1-4, 1989: Bent's Old Fort new members at a phenomenaI style celebration with period Fur Trade Encampment. The rate. It would be terrific to have eighth annual encampment, in­ speeches, games, activities, a thousand members when we and living-history demonstra­ terpreting the Rocky Mt. Fur tions. Contact Superintendent, Trade. Contact Superintendent, gather at the end of September, Bent's Old Fort National Monu­ Bent's Old Fort National Monu­ and that is not beyond the realm ment, 35110 Hwy 194 E, La Jun­ ment, 35110 Hwy 194 E, La Jun­ of possiblities at the present ta, CO 81050 (719) 384-2596. ta, CO 81050 (719) 384-2596. rate. Perhaps an award should be July 28-30, 1989: Bent's Old Fort Sept. 2-4, 1989: Wagon Mound presented to the chapter that reo­ Dragoon Encampment. Dragoon 79th Annual Bean Day Celebra­ cruits the most Trail addicts. re-enactment featuring some of tion. Contact Bean Day Associa­ Additional chapters would be a the finest military historians. tion, Wagon Mound, NM 87752 welcome asset to the Associa­ Contact Superintendent, Bent's (505) 666-2245. tion, and I'm sure there will be Old Fort National Monument, Sept. 2-4, 1989: Fort Larned NHS more applications to consider at 35110 Hwy 194 E, La Junta, CO Labor Day Weekend Living­ the fall board meeting. 81050 (719) 384-2596. History Programs. Contact July 29-30, 1989: Fort Union, "Sol­ Supt., Fort Larned NHS, RR 3, Just as this was headed forthe diering on the Santa Fe Trail." Larned, KS 67550 (316) 285­ printer, a tentative schedule of Historians and re-enactors will 6911. public meetings to consider the portray garrison life in the Sept. 16, 1989: Bent's Old Fort Diez SFNHT draft plan arrived. Rather 1860s. Contact Superintendent, y Seis de Septiembre. A celebra­ than reset the entire issue to get Fort Union National Monument, tion of Mexico's independence the information with the article on Watrous, NM 87753 (505) 425­ from Spain in 1821, with special page one, it was easiest to in­ 8025. programs for children. Contact clude it here (my column notonly August 4-6, 1989: Glorieta Battle­ Superintendent, Bent's Old Fort appears at the end of each issue field Civil War Reenactment. Con­ National Monument, 35110 Hwy so that I can have the last word, tact Rusty Voorhis, Sec., Civil 194 E, La Junta, C081050 (719) 384-2596. it is my duty to fill up whatever War Reenactors of New Mexico, space is left). 2 Mountain Laurel, Los Lunas, Sept. 28-Oct. 2, 1989: Santa Fe NM 87031 (505) 865-1616. Trail Symposium, Santa Fe and The meetings will begin at 7:00 August 12, 1989: Bent's Old Fort Las Vegas, NM. Contact Adrian p.m. Watch the media for room Kid's Quarters. A program for Bustamante, Symposium Coordi­ locations and final plans. May 22 children, featuring skills,games, nator, P. O. Box 4182, Santa Fe, at Garden City, KS; May 23 at Fort and activities of another era. NM 87502 (505) 471-8200. Larned NHS; May 24 at Council Contact Superintendent, Bent's Sept. 30-Oct. 29, 1989: Canon Grove; May 25 at Independence, Old Fort National Monument, Communications, Hermitage, PA, MO; May 26 at Boonville; June 5 35110 Hwy 194 E, La Junta, CO Smithsonian Traveling Exhibition at Boise City, OK; June 6 at La 81050 (719) 384-2596. -liThe Santa Fe Trail: Photo­ Junta, CO; June 7 at Raton, NM; August 12-Sept. 10, 1989:- graphs by Joan Myers." June 8 at Las Vegas; and June 9 Western Illinois Library, Gales­ Oct. 21, 1989: Fort Larned NHS Fall at Santa Fe. Everyone interested burg, IL, Smithsonian Traveling Candlelight Tour. Contact Supt., Exhibition-liThe Santa Fe Trail: Fort Larned NHS, RR 3, Larned, should try to attend the closest Photographs by Joan Myers." KS 67550 (316) 285-6911. meeting; this is the opportunity for public opinion to be heard. August 26, 1989: "An Evening at Oct. 21-22, 1989: Baldwin City, KS, old Fort Union." Participate in Happy trails! Annual Maple Leaf Festival. -Leo E. Oliva

Wagon Tracks BULK RATE Santa Fe Trail Association U.S. POSTAGE RR 1, Box 31 PAID Woodston, KS 67675 PERMIT NO.2 WOODSTON, KS 67675 WAGON TRACKS

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VOLUME 3 AUGUST 1989 NUMBER 4 1989 SYMPOSIUM LOOKING FOR SITE OF SANTA FE & LAS VEGAS HOLE-IN-THE-PRAIRIE SEPTEMBER 28-0CTOBER 2 by Marc Simmons MAKE RESERVATIONS NOW On July 11 several SFTA mem­ bers set out to search for the lost REGISTRATIONS SOAR Santa Fe Trail site of Hole-in­ the-Prairie, located on the Moun­ TOWARD RECORD tain Branch about 20 miles north­ More than 250 people have east of Trinidad, CO. In the party registered for the Santa Fe Trail were Jesse Scott, Jr.. Paul Ben­ Symposium in Santa Fe and Las trup, ranchers Richard and Wil­ Vegas, NM, September28-0ctober lard Louden, Mark L. Gardner, 2, announced Symposium Coordi­ Marc Simmons, and two NPS em­ nator Adrian Bustamante. At the ployees attached to the Pinon end of July registrations from Canyon Maneuver Area. Kansas and New Mexico were run­ Hole-in-the-Prairie was a well­ ning neck and neck, with Colorado [This registered service mark is re­ known camping place mentioned a strong third, and Missouri and produced with permission of the by early-day Trail travelers. Lt. California tied for fourth. Other National Park Service.] J ames Abert in 1846 described it states represented by early regis­ NPS MARKER as a collection of small ephemer­ trants include Arizona, Massa­ al pools, butmentionedno distin­ chusetts, Minnesota, Oklahoma, Pending final approval, this will guishing landmarks that might Pennsylvania, Texas, and Wash­ be the marker used by NPSto des­ help pin down the exact location. ington. ignate the route of the Santa Fe The Barlow & Sanderson stage Registration since August 1 is National Historic Trail. The signs company built a station at the site $20 per person. A highlight of the will be used along highways and in late 1866, and it was traces symposium, a dinner and fandan­ roads, at historic Trail sites, and of that structure that the search go at EI Rancho de las Golondrin­ along the historic routes ofwagon party hoped to locate. as, a 400-acre outdoormuseum at travel. Please note that this is a About 20 years ago, the Loudens the last paraje (overnight stop) registered service mark and may had accompanied the late Morris for Chihuahua Trail travelers not be used without the permis­ Taylor to the area in search of northbound for territorial Santa sion of NPS. Additional informa­ Hole-in-the-Prairie, but without Fe, is $9 a person. tion about the signs will be success. Another try in April of available following completion of To register, please send a check this year by Scott, Gardner, and the NPS management and use plan. or money order made out to the others also failed to pinpoint the Santa Fe Community College/San­ station. Now though, Gardner had ta Fe Trail Association to Dr. SFNHTAC MEETING found surveyor's notes from the Adrian Bustamante, Santa Fe Com­ IN SANTA FE early 1870s (in the courthouse at munity College, P. O. Box 4187, Trinidad) that fixed the precise by Mark L. Gardner Santa Fe, NM 87502-4187. If you quarter-section in which the have questions, please call Bus­ [Gardner serves as the repre­ stage station was situated. tamante at (505) 471-8200. sentative of SFTA on the advi­ The search party spent the en­ sory council.} tire day walking the ground, an CEREMONY AT The Santa Fe National Historic alkali flat on the southern branch Trail Advisory Council held its of Van Bremer Arroyo (which flows DUNCAN'S CROSSING first meeting in Santa Fe, NM, on east to the Purgatory River). Scat­ An enthusiastic crowd gathered June 21-22. There were 28 coun­ tered shell casings from a Henry at the site of Duncan's Crossing cil members present, represent­ rifle, a very old metal canteen, on the Fort Hays-FortDodge Trail ing a full spectrum of Santa Fe a square nail, and arrowhead were on August 6 to rededicate the mon­ Trail constituents, from land­ found, butnoconcentrationofa~ ument placed at that crossing in owners to historians. Also in at­ tifacts that might suggest a stage 1929 and to dedicate ten newmar­ tendance were several staffmem­ station site. kers erected at important sites bers of the National Park Service Late in the day Bentrup inter­ along that branch of the Santa Fe as well as members from trail viewed Charles Shehorn, an old­ Trail. SFTA member David Clap­ organizations such as Franklin or timer in nearby Model, CO, who saddle of Lamed, coordinator of Bust, Inc. remembered a s a boy riding horse­ the project, presided over a pro­ The meeting opened Wednesday back past the station. He said it gram similar to that held at the morning, June 21, with a review was not on the flat but a dugout (continued on page 3) (continued on page 2) (continued on page 2) PRESIDENT'S COLUMN The book exhibits should prove visitor center at Arrow Rock State Historic Site. The advisory coun­ The inaugural issue of Wagon to be the largest so far and there will be plenty of opportunity to cil made no recommendations Tracks appeared in November build up your collection of Santa regarding the Franklin and Arrow 1986 and carried my first "Pre­ Fe Trail books and purchase Rock presentations. sident's Column." That column copies for friends. A number of has appeared in every issue The council meeting ended at authors will be on hand to sign since, and this one represents my noon on Thrusday, after which their works. many of the members participated last since at the conclusion ofthe in a special NPS tour to Pecos Na­ Santa Fe Symposiumlwill be turn­ So many exciting events have tional Monument and Fort Union ing over the reins to a new pre­ been planned that some people National Monument. The next sident. It has been a good three will surely be unhappy that they meeting of the advisory council years for me and also, I believe, have to make choices, but the is scheduled for October some­ for our new Association. The mem­ organizers wanted to be sure that where along the eastern portion bership, working individually and as many interests as possible are of the Trail. together, has accomplished a covered. It should prove a memor­ great deal and has set the direc­ able Symposium and I look for­ tion for future efforts and pro­ ward to meeting you at the end HOLE-IN-THE-PRAIRIE jects. of the Trail. (continued from page 1) -Marc Simmons We can take great pride in Wa­ with a stone-wall front builtinto gon Tracks. The fine articles and a low shale bluff on the southern published documents that have SFNHTAC MEETING extremity of the basin. After he appeared in pastissues make this had seen it, ranchers had removed (continued from page 1) not-just-another newsletter, but the stone for building material. a periodical worth preserving and of public comments to the Santa That description is highly plausi­ citing. Complete sets ought to be Fe National History Trail Draft ble because it is known that Bar­ preserved in libraries all along Management Plan and the showing low & Sanderson builtdugout sta­ the Trail. My thanks go to all con­ of All's Set on the Santa Fe, an tions in the bluffs ofthe Arkansas tributors and to Editor Leo Oliva NPS-produced promotional film immediately to the north. whose labor and dedication is about the Trail. As a guideline for Late in the day the search party chiefly responsible for WT's the rest of the meeting, the NPS walked the shale bluffs just in­ success. (I read every issue presented the group with a listof side the fence of the Helen Torres several timesl) 12 issues that they wished the ranch, but no trace of the remains Ruth Olson, our secretary/trea­ council to address. This was done of a dugout could be positively surer, has done a splendid job in in a series of general session on identified. Therefore, while the keeping our paperwork and funds both Wednesday and Thursday general location of th Hole-in­ in order, and she, along with her and a group discussion on the-Prairie campsite is known, staff at the Santa Fe Trail Center, Wednesday. Other topics beyond the site of the stage station deserve the appreciation of the the 12 NPS issues were also remains a mystery. All was not entire membership. So too does discussed. lost, however, because the SFTA Mike Pitel, our publicity coordi­ Some of the recommendations members had an interesting day nator, who keeps the press made by the council, in an ab­ "on the TraiL" releases flowing to the national breviated form, include (1) that media, and Adrian Bustamante, the Cimarron Cutoffbe recognized ATTEND THE SYMPOSIUM the program chairman for Santa with an interpretive program IT Wll..L BE OUTSTANDING Fe. It is people like these, plus located along that section of the our Board and volunteers who Trail, (2) that the diverse human Wagon Tracks is the official publication of the Santa Fe Trail Association, a non­ keep the SFTA productive. history of the Trail be the focus profit organization incorporated under the of future research and be included laws of the State of Colorado. Letters are As I did in the last issue, let welcome, but they become the property me urge everyone who would like in the management plan so that of WT and may be edited or abridged at to get more involved in SFTA to all cultural affiliations with the the editor's discretion. All rights reserved. Santa Fe Trail will be appropriate­ Inquiries can be directed to the appropriate attend the open Board meeting addresses below. Annual subscriptions are prior to the Symposium, Thursday ly incorporated in the interpreta­ obtained through membership in the As­ tion of the Trail, (3) that the plan sociation, whose dues are fixed per calen­ September 28 in the Santa Fe dar year. Checks should be made payable (Sweeney) Convention Center, provide for the publication, dis­ to the Santa Fe Trail Association and sent Meeting Room 2, 1:00-5:00 p.m. tribution, and sale of an authori­ to the secretary-treasurer. Expanded registration will be tative and historically accurate Membership Categories handbook and guide to the Trail, Benefactor $1,000 there in the lobby during the same Patron $IOO/year hours. Then that evening attend and (4) that the NPS review with Institutional $25/yea r the spectacular opening recep­ high priority federal laws pertain­ Family $15/year ing to landowners' liability con­ Individual $10/year tion at the historic Palace of the Editor: Leo E. Oliva, RR 1, Box 31, Woodston, Governors on the plaza. Our hosts cerning trespass, vandalism, and KS 67675 will be the Santa Fe Historical related topics. President: Marc Simmons, Box 51, Cerrillos, Society and the Museum of New On Thursday morning the council NM 87010 Vice-President: Joseph W. Snell, 630 Walnut Mexico, and we expect to fi11 the heard presentations from Denny Lane, Topeka, KS 66617 old adobe building with reenac­ Davis of Franklin or Bust, Inc., Secretary-Treasurer: Ruth Olson, Santa Fe tors from different eras of the and from Ted Fisher ofthe Histor­ Trail Center, RR 3, Larned, KS 67550 Trai 1. You are encouraged (but not ic Arrow Rock Council. Fisherread 1989 Symposium Coordinator: Adrian Bus­ tamante, Santa Fe Community College, P. required, of course) towearfron­ a letter from the Historic Arrow O. Box 4187, Santa Fe, NM 87502-4187 tier dress at the reception and Rock Council in support ofthe NPS Publicity Coordinator: Michael E. Pitel, Tano again at the Saturday night fan­ draft plan and its provision for an Rd., Rt. 4, Box 240, Santa Fe, NM 87501 dango. It will be colorful. interpretive program at the state -2- MINUTES OF SFTA archives. DUNCAN'S CROSSING The Treasurer's report was MEMBERSHIP MEETING, (continued from page 7) given by John Tarabino. He re­ SEPTEMBER 25, 1987 ported a balance of $5,600.40, site when the marker atDuncan's [The minutes of the lastgeneral with printing being the major ex­ Crossing was dedicated in 1929. membership meeting of SFTA are pense during the year. Several people who were pre­ printed here so all members will The newsletter reportwas given sentat the 1929 program were pre­ have a copy and it will not be by Editor Leo Oliva. Four issues sent and were recognized. Repre­ necessar y to read them at Santa of Wagon Tracks have been sentatives of the O'Loughlin and Fe.] mailed, with the fifth issue due Duncan families (proprietors of The Hutchinson general mem­ out in November. facilities at the crossing during bership meeting of the Santa Fe The report ofthe bylaws commit­ trail days) were present. Trail Council was called to order tee was given by Bill Pitts, chair­ The 1929 address was given by by President Marc Simmons at man, who moved that the bylaws Wichita newspaper editor Victor 7:00 p.m., September 25, 1987. drafted by the committee be Murdock, and George Neavoll, The minutes ofthe previous meet­ adopted. The question of chang­ SFTA member and editor of the ing held in Trinidad, Colorado, ing the name from Council to As­ Wichita Eagle-Beacon, did the were read and approved. sociation was raised, a provision honors this year. Congressman President Simmons reported that recommended by the committee. Clifford Hope, Sr.. also spoke in the Council's membership now Mter some discussion, a vote was 1929, and current Congressman Pat Roberts (introduced by Clif­ exceeds 450. He recognized the taken on the motion to amend the ford Hope, Jr.) spoke briefly at work carried on by the various proposed bylaws tokeep the name members of the Council following "Counci1." The motion did not car­ the rededication. A time capsule his serious car accident in No­ ry. The vote on the motion to adopt place.d in 1929 was opened, examlOed by the Hodgeman Coun­ vember 1986. the bylaws as submitted carried, ty Historical Society, and re­ Flowers were presented to Bar­ and the name of the organization became Santa Fe Trail Associ­ placed within the restored monu­ bara Peirce for her work coordin­ ment. ating the HutchinsonSymposium. ation. Special markers, placed on An official thank you was also Mark Gardner, chairman of the stone posts prepared by Arthur given the supporting organi­ nominating committee, submitted Sayler, were erected at the fol­ zations. a slate of names for officers and lowing sites on this branch of the President Simmons reported that directors. President Simmons cal­ Ied for additional nominations. A Santa Fe Trail that was active the Trail has had a good year in from 1867 to 1872: Fort Hays His­ 1987. A bill was signed on May motion was made and secondedto close nominations and elect toric Site, intersection with the 8 by President Ronald Reagan de­ Smoky Hill Trail, Smoky Hi11 Ri ver signating the Santa Fe Trail a Na­ those nominated. The motion car­ ried, and the following officers Crossing, Big Timbers Creek tional Historic Trai1. A bill has Cros~ing, Walnut Creek Crossing, been introduced which would and directors were elected: Pre­ sident Marc Simmons, Vice­ a pnstine set of ruts located bring the Glorieta Battlefield southwest of Alexander(KS), Dun­ under the jurisdiction of the Na­ President Joseph Snell, Sec­ Treas Ruth Olson, and Directors can's Crossing of Pawnee Fork, tional Park Service. A review of Buckner Creek Crossing, Sawlog the Coronado Trail is underway to Adrian Bustamante, David Dary, Michael Duncan, Richard Forry, Creek Crossing, and Fort Dodge. see if it might qualify for official In addition, a sign was placed on designation. Mark L. Gardner, Doug McChris­ tian, Sylvia Mooney, Bill Pitts, US Highway 56 six miles south of President Simmons reported that Joy Poole, David A. Sandoval, Duncan's Crossing, directing preservation of the Boggsville John Tarabino, and Timothy travelers to the site of the toll site has been slow. It is hoped Zwink. bridge, trading post, and camp­ that more progress can be made ground. on this site. He also expressed John TaraJ:>ino reported that the Association will soon file for The. Fort Hays-Fort Dodge Trail a desire for the Council to draw was laid out as a route for military more young people into its mem­ 501(c)3 tax status, making it a not-for-profit corporation. supplies when the railroad built bership, and that there be more to Hays in 1867, and it carried The 1987 Trail Awards were pre­ focus on the history of the Trail much commercial freight as well. sented by President Simmons to in the schools. For almost two years most com­ Isabel D. Campbell, Jack D. Rit­ Future Santa Fe Trail Symposium modities destined for Santa Fe tenhouse, Mary B. and Leo E. Gam­ sites were announced as Santa and beyond came by rail to Hays ble, Pauline S. Fowler, Roe Groom, Fe. New Mexico (1989), Arrow and followed this branch to the Grace Collier, the Oregon-Cali­ Rock, Missouri (1991), and La main Santa Fe Trail. The Fort fornia Trails Association (Dick Junta, Colorado (1993). Hays-Fort Dodge Trail was used Ackerman), and the Santa Fe New heavily until the Santa Fe Rail­ Ruth Olson extended an invita­ Mexican. Special unannounced road built to Dodge City in 1872. tion to attend the upcoming Trail awards of "Santa Fe Trail Ambas­ Congressman Roberts noted that Rendezvous seminar at the Santa sador" were presented to Les Vil­ this route was included as a Fe Trail Center in the spring of da and Paul Bentrup. 1988. branch of the Santa FeTrail in the The business meeting was NPS management and use draft President Simmons presented adjourned. Aprogram of folksongs the Santa Fe Trail Bill with Pre­ plan, and he promised that it was presented by Tom Isern after would be part of the final plan. sident Reagan's signature as the a short intermission. first official piece of Council ar­ At that time the official signs of chives to Isabel Campbell and Respectfully submitted, the Santa Fe National Historic Ruth Olson of the Santa Fe Trail Ruth Olson, Secretary Trail can be added to those fine Center. The Center will house the the Diamond Springs and IN LAS ANIMAS, CO Six Mile Crossing areas. During by Jesse Scott, Jr. the evening music was provided While in Las Animas, CO, doing by Don Lee, and one of our own, research on another Santa Fe Trail Joe Taylor, joined in. More riders project, I was directed to C. P. arrived for the next day. (Jerry) Bryant, J To, an abstractor. After moving vehicles to Council I left him a copy of the February Grove the morning of June 9, the 1988 Wagon Tracks. Within a few ride resumed at 9:00 with 73 minutes he called me atthe court­ riders, including several from out house and said he had additional of state. The noon stopwas in the information on the Kit Carson coat park at Wilsey. Cameras were out pictured in that issue. He also as­ much of the day, taking pictures ked if I would be interested in of the countryside and riders. A seeing the oldest surviving struc­ TV station coveredus for two days ture in Las Animas-John Hough's and the Salina Journal was on house. Two rolls of color and Heart of the Flint Hills Chapter Pre­ hand one day. As we approached black-and-white film later, I was sident Don Cress (on left), Raleigh Council Grove in the pasture from even more interested in this old Sill, and Wesley Markley with the the northwest, many ruts could be house located at 710 Moore Ave­ sign they installed near Six Mile nue. The street and nearby tract Crossing. seen that were made 150 years ago by heavy freight wagons were named after Florida Bent(of Tampa, those interested visited traveling the Trail. the Bent's Fort family) Moore. the old Hackler House Hotel, be­ Saturday was spent in Council Even today this home, built by ing restored by Mark Roberts, and Grove, participating in the annual a remarkable man associated with the old Duggan House, being Wah-Shun-Gah Days. the Santa Fe Trail (see Mark L. refurbished by Pat Vogts, both Sunday morning was a mess af­ Gardner's "John Simpson Hough: located near the park. ter 36 hours of rain. Most of the Merchant on the Trail," Wagon The day was cool and cloudy as pickups and trailers were in the Tracks, February 1988, pp 10­ they moved toward Lost Springs. mud and had to be pulled and pu­ 12), retains its original charm. At a railroad crossing two near shed out to the gravel. This re­ John Hough's good taste and runaways occurred, keeping up sulted in a late start for 142 Mile sense of artistic values show in the excitement for the day. Arriv­ Creek and, because of the rain, this modest dwelling, built at a ing at Lost Springs camp at 4:30 there were no wagons and only 33 financially declining period of p.m., there was the usual hustle riders. The 19-mile ride was made his long and eventful life. Itdoes to get horses watered, tents up, in good time, with a brief noon not compare with the large two­ and the portable Johnny set. The stop in a pasture, and the day's story Greek Revival style house evening meal was catered by journey was completed by 5:30 he built in Trinidad in 1870, dur­ Meiers Coffee Shop and followed p.m. After a nice meal prepared ing one of his financial peaks, by old-time music by the Crab by the Allen Methodist Ladies, and which later came to be known Grass Band and a historical Joleen Day presented a program as the Baca House. review of Trail days "around Lost on Trail sites in Lyon County. This Regarding the Baca House in Springs" presented by Virginia information was gathered by her Trinidad, I have a copy of a deed Shields. The Shields family was father, Donald Schiesser, and in­ dated March 22,1873, recorded in our host, as they own the property cluded information on 23 loca­ the Las Animas County, Territory containing Lost Springs. During tions. The Wheat Ranch, our host of Colorado, Clerk and Recorder's the night more riders arrived. at 142 Mile Creek camp, had office, in which John S. Hough June 8 was announced at 5:30 moved a DAR marker from a field, conveyed a property to Maria a.m. by the braying of the mule where it was unseen, and placed Dolores Baca. The present deputy ridden by Kate Rader. By 7:30 it so all can see it now. clerk and recorder has certified breakfast was over and the riders Monday, June 12, was the final that this is the historic Baca started moving their support vehi­ day, with only eightriders follow­ House property. cles to the camp near Diamond ing the Trail and viewing the ruts The deed to the property in Las Springs 16 miles to the east. At toward Burlingame. The noon stop Animas on which his later home 9:00 the ride headed out, follow­ was made near the deep ruts (50 was built is dated 1888, and it ing roads close to the Trail, which feet wide and 3 feet deep) on the could be assumed that construc­ is identified by markers and Phil Workman place. Stops were tion started that year as Hough crossing signs placed years ago made at Wilmington to see the was too astute a business man to by the Marion County Highway stone schoolhouse built at the buy a vacant lot and let it remain Dept. The noon stop was at Six end of the Trail period and now such. This was the third time for Mile Crossing where there was, in being restored, at Soldier Creek him to reside in Las Animas, if the 1860s, a mail and stage sta­ Crossing where ruts may still be historic Boggsville is included as tion. From there we began to see seen in the creek bank, at the one-his first. He left Las Animas signs in Morris County recently Havana Stage Station, ruts in and presumablly this house in placed by the chapterto point out Clayton Shepard's pasture, and 1895 or 1896. where ruts are close to county the rock crossing of Dragoon Many interesting features of the roads. We traveled through a pas­ Creek. We arrived at Burlingame one-story Las Animas house are ture where more ruts were visible at 5:00 p.m. for the haul back readily discernible. At the front and arrived at camp on the Lloyd home, thus completing anotherin­ is a shallOW bay window, with Burns's farm at 4:00 p.m. Muller's teresting ride on the Santa Fe glass windows on each end and Pork Wagon served roast pork for Trail.

CONVERSE OF THE PRAIRIES -BOOK NOTICES- Gregory Franzwa, Maps of tbe Santa Fe Trail. St. Louis: Patrice Press, 1989. 196pp.Illus.,maps, index. Cloth, $24.95; loose-leaf binder, $29.95, plus $2.95 ship­ ping. Order from Patrice Press, 1701 So. Eighth St., St. Louis, MO Front view of John Hough house in Las Animas, showing full-length porch 63104. and the bay window at the left. This set of 99 map panels, with a foreword by Secretary of Interior Manuel Lujan and commentary by Franzwa, is One result of the NPS survey of the Trail during 1988, as required by the legislation "elevating the route to National Historic Trail status. The routes of the Trail and many of its branches are laid on county road maps, showing as near as possi­ ble the location of the historic road across each section (one square mile) of land. This is the best set of maps available on the Trail, but addi­ tional corrections are still being made by the NPS and Franzwa. When those are completed, we can look forward to a new edition of this publication, incorporating the latest information. Anyone Corner view of the House house, showing the oriel and some of the following the Santa Fe Trail will decorative detail on the porch. find these maps indispensable. panel in the center. On the south end of the house is an oriel, a • •• •• bay window not reaching to the floor, supported by a sturdy corbel john W. Reps, Saint Louis Illus­ (see bottom photo above). Across the full length of the front is a trated: Nineteenth-Century En­ porch having wood-post columns with ornate cutoutcapitals. An intri­ gravings and Litbograpbs of a cate frieze extends along the front and ends of the porch and arching Mississippi River Metropolis. brackets rise to the cornice. Gable ends have a small finger-tip trim Columbia: University of Missouri and filigree corbels support the roof ends. All of the aesthetically­ Press, 1989. Illus., notes, maps, interesting detail is painted turquoise blue. index. Cloth only, $38.00. The front door has paneling below, an upper frosted floral pattern Although St. Louis was not on glass pane, and a border of small stained glass panes. A transom the Santa Fe Trail, it played an is another feature in keepingwith styles ofthe era. Currently asbestos important role in the Santa Fe shingles cover the original drop siding. Corrugated metal roofing has trade and should be considered as replaced wood shingles. - an eastern extension of the Trail. Had Agnesa Reeve not presented me with hernew book, From Hacien­ Steamboats carrying traders and da to Bungalow (Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1988), goods tied up at its levee, St. I might not have been so aware and appreciative of such old houses Louis craftsmen J. Murphy and and their appointments. And if traders on the Santa Fe Trail were Louis Espenschied built freight as easily led off the track as some of us later Trail followers, they wagons for the Trail, and St. Louis would never have made it from Missouri to Santa Fe. merchants filled countless orders Not to leave anything hanging, here is the textofanotejerryBryant for Hispanic and Anglo Santa Fe wrote about the coat shown in Gardner's article: "john Hough's (Kit traders. Carson) coat was for a time held by Charlotte Gardner of Las Animas. St. Louis boomed as a commer­ She returned it to Mr. Hough. Apparently Mrs. Gardner and the Hough cial hub for the West during the family were good friends." Santa Fe Trail's sixty-year span, Modem Trail travelers may want to stop in Las Animas to see this and nowhere can one get a better modest home built by John Hough (which is private property and not feel for St. Louis during that per­ open to the public) as well as visit the Baca House in Trinidad. Both iod than in Reps's beautiful Saint are direct connections to the career of a merchant in the Santa Fe Louis Illustrated. This excellent trade. ~ book contains 125 illustrations, -7- many in color, which trace the POST OFFICE OAK in Taos, he decided to organize development of St. Louis from a a company to prospect for gold. small river community to a major -LETTERS- Eighteen men and two Mexican city. Along with detailed his­ Editor: guides composed the company tories of the views and viewma­ We have been following Marc commanded by Mose Carson. John kers, Reps also inclUdes several Simmons's book on the Trail in Hibbard was one of the eighteen. contemporary descriptions ofthis spurts and recently came from "While on this trip they were at­ famous metropolis. A majority of Council Grove to the Kansas City tacked by Indians. Just before the lithographs and engravings area on one of our short vaca­ dark on the afternoon just pre­ picture the busy river front, filled tions. We found most everyone we vious to the fight they had stop­ with steamboats, drays, wagons, talked to about the Trail was ped on a small ridge of land, and piles of goods. friendly and chatty and delighted heavily timbered. A pack saddle This is a superbly printed, with the opportunity to talk. had to be repaired. and the com­ large-format volume. It is highly Please send a membership bro­ pany halted for the repairs. They recommended. chure. moved as soon as they could and • • • •• Helen and Beecher Henderson camped on lower ground. After Danita Ross, I Remember the Old, 1535 Grant Rd. camp was pitched, one of the men Old Trail, From the Memoirs of Webster Groves, MO 63119 discovered he had lefthispocket Marian Sloan RusseII. Santa Fe: Editor: knife on the ridge•... Trails West Publishing, 1989. I learned of the SFTA through the "He invited John to accompany Audio cassette, 93 minutes. Santa Fe Trail article in the June him on the trip, but, for some rea­ $12.95, plus $.90 postage. Order issue of New Mexico Magazine. son, John declined, and another from Trails WestPublishing, P. O. I have always been interested in of the party went with him. On Box 8619, Santa Fe, NM 87504. the Santa Fe Trail, particularly reaching the ridge where they had Quantity discounts available. since my great-grandfather, John stopped, they found Indians wait­ Danita Ross has selected pas­ Hibbard, born in 1806 in Knox ing to ambush them. The men ran sages from Marian Sloan Rus­ County, Kentucky, and who came from tree to tree down the hill to­ sell's Trail classic, Land of En­ with his parents to Boone County, ward the camp, buttheywere soon chantment, and she reads them Missouri, about 1820, was one of killed. The Indians then charged with the poetic tone and emotion many persons who hauled mer­ the camp. they deserve (Marian would sure­ chandise by wagon overthe Santa "Mose Carson instructed the men ly be pleased). This tape is in­ Fe Trail from Missouri to New Mex­ not to fire until they could see troduced by Marc Simmons, whose ico. My father, J. R. Hibbard, who the whites of their eyes. They fir­ admiration for Marian is legen­ had a photographic memory, ed and killed two Indians. No one dary, and Ross is accompanied by recorded some of his recollec­ was hurt in the camp. The Indians, musician John Eddy. tions of the stories his grandfa­ armed with bows and arrows, The result is a faithful and dra­ ther told him when he was a small quickly retreated. matic rendition of the lives and boy ofhis experiences on the San­ "Brack Callahan, one of the com­ adventures of Marian, hermother, ta Fe Trail, which follow. pany, remarked he needed a new and her brother as they traveled "In 1830 John Hibbard went to razor strop, and he rushed out im­ back and forth onthe road to Santa Westport, Missouri, ... and there mediately afterthe battle, and cut Fe. The family crossed the plains engaged his services to a Mr. a long strip of hide from the back between Missouri and New Mexico Head, who was raising a company of one of the Indians before he five times during the decade fol­ of men to go to Taos.... Every was dead. lowing 1852, an important era in caution was observed, wagons ''This company traveled through the history of the West and the corralled, stock inside, and New Mexico, Chihuahua, and Trail. Marian knew several fa­ guards on duty every night. Coahuila going at least as far as mous Trail personalities, inclUd­ "For quite a while, every morn­ Monterrey. They found some gold ing Francis Aubry and KitCarson. ing when camp was broken, the in small quantities, and also dis­ She accompanied her new hus­ Indians would rush in and clean covered some copper nearthe pre­ band to Camp Nichols in 1865 and up the crumbs and the remains of sent city of Bisbee, Arizona, but provided much of what is known the camp site. A doctor traveling nothing of great importance was about life at that Trail post. with the company suggested this derived from this trip. John Hib­ This beautiful recording is an should be stopped, so atthe next bard returned to his home in Boone ideal companion while driving stop a lot of bread was cooked County, Missouri, in 1834 or along the Trail, or anywhere for and left as if by mistake. It was 1835." that matter, and it will appeal to nicely stacked and doped with I have searched for records of all ages. Those who have read strychnine. The supposition was this wagon caravan formed by a Marian's memoirs will appreciate that it had the desired effect, as Mr. Head and captained by Mose this professional and evocative they were troubled no more by that Carson that went from Westportto adaptation, and those who have bunch. Taos in 1830, and of the gold ex­ not read the book will enjoy this ''The Mexican Cavalry met them pedition into Mexico for about fascinating introduction to Mar­ two days journey out of Taos and four years led by Mose Carson. but ian and her Trail experiences. escorted them in. John Hibbard have been unsuccessf~linmy ef­ This outstanding production is hi­ spent four years in the northern forts. Ifanyone can provide infor­ ghly recommended; every Trail states of Mexico, and learned to mation, it will be greatly enthusiast should have one and speak Mexican quite well. He al­ appreciated. give copies to relatives, friends, most died of smallpox. Mose Car­ Clark Hibbard and pubic and school libraries. son, brother of Kit Carson, was 917 Davis You will want to listen to this captain of the company from Ardmore, OK 73401 again and again.

-8- COUNCIL GROVE ON THE SANTA FE TRAIL by Nada Burton

[Ed. note: This is the eleventh in a series on museums and historic sites along the Trail.] Located in the heart ofthe Kan­ sas Flint Hills where Highway 177 intersects Highway 56 (the Santa Fe Trail) is the beautiful lit­ tle city of Council Grove, a com­ munity with many Trail connec­ tions and historic sites. Early writers spoke ofthe beauty of this area thus, "Council Grove was one of the most beautiful spots in the western country." Groves of oak, beech, elm, maple, hickory, ash, and walnut trees, wild flowers, streams ofwater, and wildlife de­ lighted the early travelers of the Trail and delight today's travel­ ers as well. The Neosho River, a source of Stump of the famous Council Oak water, and the tallgrass prairie, with a section of the trunk sus­ mainly bluestem, for grazing, pended above. plus the lumber source for wagon toric trees. They are the Post Of­ repairs made Council Grove the fice Oak and the Custer Elm. The natural point of rendezvous for Post Office Oak, located a block many treders heading to Santa Fe. west of the Council Oak, served Susan Magoffin, one of the few as an unofficial post office from women to travel the Trail before 1825 to 1847. Letters left in a 1850, wrote in herdiary, "Council cache at the base of the tree were DAR Madonna of the Trail statue in Council Grove. Grove may be considered the to be pieked up by the nextwagon dividing ridge between the train. The stump of the Custer Elm the Neosho River on Main St.. the civilized and barbarous." At this is a shrine six blocks south of remodeled Hays House contains rendezvous, caravans were Main St. on Neosho St. much of the original building. It organized with elected officers, During the early months of the is a fine restaurant exuding inter­ guard details, and rules of travel. Mexican War, in the summer of esting history and excellent cui­ Here travelers also cut lumber for 1846, the army sent a blacksmith sine. repairs on the road, prepared fire­ and assistant to Council Grove to Seth Hays, the founder of the ci­ arms and extra ammunition for fu­ operate a repair shop for govern­ ty' was a great-grandson ofDan­ ture game hunting and protection ment supply trains. A soldier iel B~ne and a cousin of Kit Car­ from unfriendly Indians, and made recorded on August 29,1846, that son. He lived in Council Grove use of the Neosho River for wash­ there was a government blacks­ from 1847 until his death in 1873, ing clothes and bathing. They mith shop at the site. This was acquiring various properties. His knew supplies of water and wood the first known white establish­ last home now i s perserved by the would be scarce farther west. ment at what became the settle­ Morris County Historical Society The name of the town is closely ment of Council Grove, but the ac­ and is on the tour of historic tied to the history of the Trail. tual location of the shop is places to visit. It is decorated In 1825 the US commission hired unknown. and furnished much as it was to survey the road to New Mexico As travel increased on the Trail, originally. Corn husk mattresses, met with a group ofOsage Indians Council Grove was the natural woven rag rugs, floral striped in a grove of oaks on the Neosho place for a trading post. Accord­ wallpaper, and a pot belly cast­ River to negotiate a treaty. The ing to Louise Barry's Beginning of iron stove and cookware help vis­ Osages agreed to allow the route the West, "Albert G. Boone and itors visualize a pioneer home. through their lands for $800 in James G. Hamilton of Westport, East the Neosho River, on the cash and merchandise. The com­ Missouri, opened a store (by vir­ site of the old Santa Fe Trail missioners gave the place the tue of their Kansa trading license) campgrounds, the DAR placed name of Council Grove. placing bachelor Seth M. Hays in their Kansas "Madonna of the Today the remaining stump of charge" in April 1847. Hays built Trail" monument. The setting is a the Council Oak, under which the a log house that was the trading beautiful park area, and the sta­ agreement was signed, is attrac­ post. In 1857 he built a tavern and tue of the pioneer woman facing tively enshrined on the site at 210 hostelry to serve travelers on the west commemorates the courage E. Main St. The tree is listed in Trail, and on that same location of women who forged homes from the national registry of historic is the Hays House Restaurant and the vast American West. trees. Tavern today. It is just one of In addition to Seth Hays's trad­ Besides the Council Oak, two many historic landmarks of the ing post, other important stores other famous trees in. Council city. were established in Council Grove Grove are listed as national his- Located one-half block west of to serve Trail travelers. The Mal-

-9- ian style building of the late 1880s, is a comfortable inn with history and hospitality. Other places of interest include the stone building at the site of the Post Office Oak, which served as a brewery and the home ofthe F. X. Hebrank family and is now beingrestored bythe Morris Coun­ ty Historical Society as a mu­ seum; the Kaw Methodist Mission and Museum several blocks ~orth of Main on Mission St.. which is operated by the Kansas State His­ torical Society and includes one exhibit on the Trail; the Cala­ boose, the first jail in Council Grove; Belfry Hill and bell, north­ west of the business district; Hermit's Cave, where the reli­ gious mystic Giovanni Maria Augustini reportedly resided for a few months in 1863 before walk­ ing to New Mexico with a Trail wa­ gon train; and FatherPadilla Mon­ Post Office Oak in front of old brewery which is now the Morris County ument located southwest of town, Historical Society Museum. commemorating the priest who accompanied Coronado to Kansas in 1541 and returned the following year to become the first Christian martyr in Kansas. At the public library, comer of Main and Mission streets, there is a small monument and plaque commemorating William Beck­ nell's opening of the Santa Fe Trail in 1821. The library corner­ stone contains an inscription about the treaty signed at Council Grove in 1825. Council Grove takes great pride it its many authentic historical places of interest. The city has an annual three-day celebration called Wah-Shun-Gah Days, held the the second weekend of June. Wah-Shun-Gah was thelastchief of the Kansa or Kaw Indians when their reservation was at Council Grove and remained chief after they were moved to Oklahoma in 1873. The Kaw Indians join in the present celebration, bringing their crafts and having a powwow. Hays House Restaurant. The three-day event is a commun­ colm Conn "Stone Store," located and whiskey." ity celebration of its heritage and in the building erected in 1858 includes a wide variety of activi­ A large area of Council Grove is ties. Participants in the annual and still standing and in use at designated a National Registered the southeast corner of Main and Santa Fe Trail ride through the re­ Historic Landmark, and a number gion join in the festivities. Neosho, was the largest emporium of early buildings have been list­ in Council Grove for several years ed on the National Registerof His­ Visitors in Council Grove may (see Mark L. Gardner, "Malcolm toric Places. Two of these are the see many Trail-related sites and Conn: Merchant on the Trail," Wa­ Farmers and Drovers Bank and the either take a self-gUided tour or gon Tracks, February 1987, pp. Morris County Bank buildings, have one of the volunteer guides 7-8). The better-known Last both located at the intersection from the Philomathian Club con­ Chance Store, built of native of Main St. where Highway 177 duct the tour. Information about stone in 1857 and still standing (Prairie Parkway) and Highway 56 the city, its points of interest, withoutmany changes, was locat­ (Santa Fe Trail) intersect. One and tours may be obtained from ed on the west edge of the then block north of thatintersection an the Chamber of Commerce, 117 W. town. It claimed to be the last old hotel has been restored. The Main, P. O. Box 227, Council chance for those headed to Santa Cottage House, a modified Victor- Grove, KS 66846, phone (316) Fe to stock up on "beans, bacon 767-5413. ~ -10- (postage paid) to Virginia Lee Fi­ Big Muddy 15 sher. Arrow Rock. MO 65320. Little Arkansas 3 • • ••• Chaves Creek 9 Owl Creek 4 The recent appropriations bills Little Cow Creek 2 passed by Congress included Big Cow Creek 3 HOOF PRINT~ $400.000 for the Spanish Colon­ Big Bend of Arkansas 17 ization Act to complete the Allison's Ranch 6 -TRAIL TIDBITS- second year of study examining Pawnee Rock 16 The price for the Rice County Spanish colonization in New Mex­ Ash Creek 6 Pawnee Fork 6 Historical Society map of the ico and other borderlands between 1540 and 1825. Forks of Santa Fe Road 6 Trail and related features in the Arkansas River 75 county. noted in the last WT. is •• • •• Gunnison's 1st Camp 2 $1.50 postpaid. Order from the An archeological search for the 2nd Camp 19 Society, 105 West Lyon, Lyons, remains of an adobe cabin at 3d Camp 20 KS 67554. Boggsville in which Kit Carson 4th Camp 22 •• • • • was believed to have resided 5th Camp 24 New Mexico ranch hand Pat Mud­ failed to find any evidence of the 6th Camp 21 structure. Big Timbers 7 gett of Clovis. NM. rode a horse • •• • • 7th Camp 13 and led a pack mule overthe Trail Trading Post 1 from Council Grove to Santa Fe The recent quarterly newsletter 8th Camp 12 this summer. He reportedthathis -of the Western History Associa­ Purgatory Creek 3 major problem was truckers honk­ tion included information about 9th Camp 12 ing and frightening his mule. the upcoming Trail Symposium. Bent's Fort 3 •••• • • •••• 10th Camp 21 Barton County Community Col­ Editor Leo Oliva has shaved off Mouth of Huerfano 11 lege. Great Bend. KS. is conduct­ his beard. which he had worn for Puebla 24 more than 20 years. Anyone look­ Pike's Peak 48 ing a bus tour of the Trail. Sept. [TOTAL] 624 27-Oct. 1, including attendance ing for him at the Symposiumwill at partof the Santa Fe Symposium. have to rely on his nametag for •••• • • • • • • identification or find Bonita (who COLORADO LOOKS AT Dallas psychologist Dr. Peggy still has some difficulty recog­ NEW MEXICO, 1864 Ladenberger and herdaughter Su­ nizing him since she had never The Rocky Mountain News (Den­ san Garza will make their first seen him without it before). ver). January 13. 1864, carried drive over the Santa Fe Trail. via this item. the Mountain Branch, to attend the COUNCIL TROVE Our business with New Mexico is Symposium in September. They daily on the increase and ere a few are respectively the sister and -DOCUMENT&­ more years is bound to be a big niece of SFTA President Marc DISTANCES, 1859 thing, of mutual advantage to Colo­ Simmons. rado and the rich commercial cities •• •• • The Westport Border Star. Jan­ and sections of our celebrated sis­ uary 28. 1859. carried the follow­ Enterprising gentlemen of Trin­ ter territory, all the way along from ing table of distances from West­ idad, CO. are marketing offical Fort Union and Taos, to Las Vegas, port to Pike's Peak, a time when Mora. Santa Fe, Albuquerque, Per­ Trail dirt in a clear plastic box. goldseekers were following the alta, Mesilla and even to EI Paso A handsome label on the lid reads Trail to Bent's Fort to reach the in Chihuahua, and Tucson in "Antique Dirt From the Actual Rocky Mountains. Arizona. During the past season the Route of the Santa Fe Trail." We' enterprising traders of that lower hear they are besieged by eager From Westport Miles country had to buy mostly all of buyers! Brush Creek 2 their goods of the heavy houses ••• • • US Mail Station No.1 4 of Santa Fe. Many of the mer­ Indian Creek 6 chants through New Mexico have A late report from Greg Franzwa Bull Creek 20 been purchasing their goods at St. has it that the ranch road leading Black Jack Point 10 Louis, Kansas City and Leaven­ to McNees Crossing. NM, has been Willow Springs 11 worth, thus having to spend in fenced off by the owner and is no Palmyra 3 many instances, for comparatively longer accessible by car. People Rock Creek 6 small stocks, several months time who visit this site should walk Bone Yard 7 on the tedious trip to the Missouri. anyway. 110 Mile Creek 4 With a good, direct wagon, ex­ • •••• Burlingame 8 press and mail road from this place Dragoon Creek 5 to the great city of Santa Fe, the Angelo Stieven of Herington. KS. Soldier Creek 2 go-ahead commmerciantes of that reports finding what appears to be Chicken Creek 6 ancient capital, and scores of oth­ a DAR Trail Marker behind the gar­ Logchain Creek 2 er towns north and south of it, age at 406 So. D St. in Herington. Elm Creek 2 could obtain fresh, desirable sup­ Where it came from remains a 142 Mile Creek 3 plies from the extensive emporiums mystery. Bluff Creek 7 of this market at much less cost ••• •• Rock Creek 6 of time -and money than by going John's Creek 5 away to the east. Let the proper Trail buffs "dressing the part" Council Grove 2 attention be given by the proper will be interested in the "Bingham Elm Creek 8 authorities and parties towards Shirt: Cutting and Construction Diamond Spring 16 opening a channel of social and Directions." This shirt is shown Lost Spring 13 commercial relations between in various paintings of George Little Muddy Creek 10 these two territories. Our journal Caleb Bingham as worn by set­ Cottonwood 7 having now an immense circulation tlers, traders. and trappers in the Running Turkey 19 among the business men in the early 1800s. To order. send $3.00 Big Turkey 8 several sections of that territory, -11- from Taos to EI Paso, it will prove across the Kansas River, at Law­ cuse, KS 67878 an advertising medium of the grea­ rence, is completed and ready for NRA Whittington Center, P. O. Box test power and advantage to the use. The rates are below the prices 700, Raton, NM 87740 merchants of Denver and the Mis­ charged at the Ferry, and together Raton Chamber & Economic Devel­ souri river cities, to lay their faci­ with the saving in time, make it of opment Council, P. O. Box 1211, lities before New Mexico, and it will much importance to the persons Raton, NM 87740 also prove the great engine for the who have made arrangements to Santa Fe wholesalers to use in ap­ freight from Leavenworth City. FAMILY MEMBERSHIPS pearing before the Rio Abajo and Ralph & Phyllis Anderson, 429 S. Rio Ariba public. HELP WANTED Chautauqua, Council Grove, KS • ••• • 66846 NEW MEXICO VIEW OF Weare seeking information of John & Linda Baker, Box 186, Clif­ TRADE & TRAVEL, 1864 any type about the death of a ton, KS 66937 The Santa Fe New Mexican, April stagecoach driver named Snow­ Tony & Linda Bessire, 913 W. Pat­ 2, 1864, carriedthe following two den (firstname unknown)who was terson Rd., Ulysses, KS 67880 items about the Trail. killed in the line of duty some­ Lee Brown, 1123 W. Third Ave., Denver, CO 80223 The Merchants and Freighters where between Fort Dodge and La Daniel & Phyllis Casselman, 233 High have started or are preparing soon Junta, CO, about 1870. Rd., Madison, AL 35758 to start to the States to prosecute Finney County Museum Da v id & Arlene Chambers, 1619 their business. In former years, it P. O. Box 59 Cumberland Terrace, Glendale, would ahve been considered as a Garden City, KS 67846 CA 91202 very serious and dangerous enter­ Mike & Debbie Colvin, 1118 Steven prise, but now it has become a mat­ • • • • • Dr., Hobbs, NM 88240 ter of business, so now crossing The Boggsville Restoration Com­ Nancy Dahl & Dan Murphy, Rt 9 Box the plans from two to four times mittee of the Pioneer Historical 88B, Santa Fe, NM 87505 a year with the "big wagons", and Society of Bent County, CO, is M/M Harold F. Dawe, 13767 A East long trains of oxen or mules, make searching for information on Marina Dr., Aurora, CO 80014 the spring, summer and fall employ­ Boggsville and its inhabitants for John & Cathy Decker, 1919 S. RaI­ ments of owners and laborers. A the period 1865-1900. There are son, Independence, MO 64052 correct statement of the number Sandra Sue Dragoo &Sandra Wag­ of waggons, oxen and mules em­ still two buildings standing from goner, 2304 Wayne Dr., Green­ ployed in this business, would sur­ 1865 and 1867 and restoration is field, IN 46140 prise the quiet, house farmer of the pending. Early-day pictures, Anna & R. E. Floyd, 62 Stanford States. From Santa Fe to Kansas stories, documentation, and tid­ Ave., Pueblo, CO 81005 city or Leavenworth, is over 800 bits will be helpful. Thank you. Richard & Mary Ann Gehling, 1155 miles. The road, however, is the Phil Petersen E. Madison, Colorado Springs, CO best natural road, of any thing like 80907 . P. O. Box 357 similar extent, upon the face of the Charles & Joyce Graham, 301 Hock­ earth. It runs, until it reaches Las La Junta, CO 81050-0357 aday, Council Grove, KS 66846 Vegas, coming this way, one dry (719) 384-8113 days, 384-5555 Marilyn & Roy Gridley, 610 Greever vast plain. The laboring Mexicans, evenings Terrace, Lawrence, KS 66044 generally, like to go trips as team­ •••• • Dean & Mary Hand, P. O. Box 628, sters and in other service across Sterling, CO 80751 the plains. The procuring of such I am seeking information about Robert & Patricia Harris, 202 W. men, this year, is more difficult the Trail site known as Flag Broadway, Columbia, MO 65203 than usual. This is much owing to Spring in Douglas County, KS. Any Beecher & Helen Henderson, 1535 so many peons and laborers, hav­ help will be appreciated. Grand Rd., Webster Groves, MO ing entered the volunteer service. Glen D. Norton 63119 The United States soldier's pay, P. O. Box 152 Gary & Carol Hylton, 4003 W. 72 much exceeds the former prices Overbrook, KS 66524 Terrace, Prairie Village, KS 66208 for Mexican labor, in New Mexico. Donald R. Johnson, RR 1, Bushong, A large number of peons, have ex­ KS 66841 tricated themselves from their INEW SFTA MEMBERS I Diane Kennedy, P. O. Box 601, San­ thraldom as servants, by going into ta Fe, NM 87504 the United States volunteer regim­ This list includes newmember­ M/M Ray Kepley, RR 2, Box 128A, ments. Owners and masters of ships received since the lastis­ Ulysses, K5 67880 Dr. Marjorie Lindquist & Family, 509 freight trains, now have to pay a sue up to August 10. Those fair price, to obtain Mexican team­ Spring Loch Rd., Silver Spring, sters and herders. received after this printing will MD 20907 appear in the next issue. Ifthere Formerly the sheep in this coun­ Byron & Sheila Litke, RR 3, Box 21, is an error in this information, try were never sheared, except a Council Grove, KS 66846 few had some wool "jerked" away please send corrections to the Jervous & Jackie Lynch, 1035 S. for domestic uses. Now the shear­ editor. If you know ofpeople who Van Buren, Hugoton, KS 67951 ing for wool has become a matter may be interested inthe Associa­ Joy & Elvis Maddox, Box 332, Tex­ of profit. The wool is taken to the tion and are not a member, please homa, OK 73949 M/M Dale C. Meredith, 14213 Valley States, in the wagons that are sent urge them to join. We thank you Forge, Edmond, OK 73013 for goods. Some trains will not for your support. leave until the shearing time shall Michael & Susan Middagh, 8705 W. 32nd Ave., Wheat Ridge, CO be over, so they can carry the wool PATRON MEMBERSHIPS at a low freight. Thus the traffic 80033 Harriett Faudree, 2001 Winfield, Harold & Betty Oliver, 2787 So. Per­ of the country continues to en­ ry 5t., Denver, CO 80236 large, and the comforts and prop­ Midland, TX 79711 Louis & Topper Schumacher, 6200 erty of the people to increase. Byron C. Schutz, 1001 W. 58th Ter­ race, Kansas City, MO 64113 Bannister Rd., Kansas City, MO NOTICE TO FREIGHTERS. Bridge 64134 Completed Across The Kansas INSTITUTIONAL MEMBERSHIPS William Schumm, 1006 Jas. Madi­ River at Lawrence. son Circle, Falmouth, VA 22405 New Mexican traders and freight­ Hamilton County Historical Society, Douglas & Lavonne Sharp, RR 2, ers will take notcie that the Bridge Highway 50 & Gates St., Syra- Dodge City, KS 67801

-12- Robert & Patricia Shikes, 655 trous, NM 87753 TRAIL CALENDAR Milwaukee St., Denver, CO 80206 Charles H. Lange, Rt. 7, Box Don & Dorothy Schiesser, RR 1, Al­ 124CHL, Santa Fe, NM 87505 Everyone is invited to send no­ Ien, KS 66833 Juanita K. Laumets, Box 6, Elkhart, tices for this section; provide John & Barbara Sullivan, Rt. 1, Box KS 67950 location, date(s). time(s}andac­ 76, Hominy, OK 74035 John W. Lindemann, 845 Emerald tivity. Remember this is a quarter­ Virginia & John Swensson, NATO, St., Broomfield, CO 80020 Box 1418, Sarasota, FL 34230 Patricia R. Loomis, 4121 Holly Dr., ly. The next issue should appear Doug & Claire Thaemert, Box 738, San Jose, CA 95127 in November, so send information Patagonia, AZ 85624 Elaine Maples, 3124 Browning, for December and later to arrive Henry & Jeanie Webb, 2502 Gary Amarillo, TX 79103 by October 20. Thank you. St., Port St. Lucie, FL 34953 Karen McClure, Box 338, Springer, NM 87747 August 12-Sept. 10, 1989:- INDIVIDUAL MEMBERSHIPS W. L. McDivitt, 1202 Smithland, La Western Illinois Library, Gales­ Junta, CO 81050 burg, IL, Smithsonian Traveling Joe Alvarez, Lost Springs, KS Carl A. Miller, Box 285, Americus, Exhibition-"The Santa Fe Trail: 66859 KS 66835 Photographs by Joan Myers." Robert E. Anderson, Box 518, Point Mrs. R. A. Miller, 1019GlendalynCir­ August 26, 1989: "An Evening at Lookout, MO 65726 cle, Spartanburg, SC 29302 Marie Belt, Box 9115, La Jolla, CA old Fort Union." Participate in Miriam C. Monzingo, Rt 1, #5 Shan­ vignettes from Fort Union's 92038 non Valley Dr., Crowley, TX Hermann Bender, Schaumburger past; reservations required and 76036 will be accepted beginning June Str. 93, D-6230 Frankfurt am Clarice A. Moore, 439 Aquina Ct., Main 80, West Germany 1. Contact Superintendent, Fort Belen, NM 87002 Union National Monument, Wa­ Lucile B. Bettis, 8124 Pennsylvania Cheryl Moser, RR 2, Box 15, Abby­ Lane Kansas City, MO 64114 trous, NM 87753 (505) 425­ ville, KS 67510 8025. Mrs. James F. Bowers, 450 S. Otis Chuck Olmstead, 505 W. 8th, Junc­ St., Lakewood, CO 80226 Sept. 1-4, 1989: Bent's Old Fort tion City, KS 66441 Fur Trade Encampment. The Harold Bray, P. O. Box 985, Syra­ Quin Reece, 4522A So. Robberson, cuse, KS 67878 Springfield, MO 65810 eighth annual encampment, in­ Byron Brewer, 927 N. 22nd, Waco, Marjorie Reed, Box. 950, Tomb­ terpreting the Rocky Mt. Fur Trade. Contact Superintendent, TX 76707 stone, AZ 85638 Marlyn Frizell Brown, Valley West, Bent's Old Fort National Monu­ Ana Sazi, Box 9115, La Jolla, CA ment, 35110 Hwy 194 E, La Jun­ Rt. 2, Lawrence, KS 66046 92038 Donald W. Carll, 10 S. 479 Glenn Royce Schield, 1646 S. Glendale, ta, CO 81050 (719) 384-2596. Dr., Hinsdale, IL 60521 Wichita, KS 67218 Sept. 2-4, 1989: Wagon Mound Hampton G. Corneil, 32 LeMans Ct., James M. Shea, 3020 N. 14th St. 79th Annual Bean Day Celebra­ Prairie Village, KS 66208 223A, PhoeniX, AZ 85014 tion. Contact Bean Day Associa­ Twila Crawford, 6526 Elgin Lane, Ron Snow, B-101 140 So. Ogden tion, Wagon Mound, NM 87752 Bethesda, MD 20817 St., Denver, CO 80209 (505) 666-2245. Mary Jo Cunningham, 301Y.l East Diane Solomon, 7007 E. Gold Dust Sept. 2-4, 1989: Fort Larned NHS Elm, Deshler, Ohio 43516 Ave. #1085, Scottsdale, AZ Labor Day Weekend Living­ Raymond A. DeLeal, P. O. Box 192, 85253 History Programs. Contact Olney Springs, CO 81062 Janet Spawn, Rt 2 Box 3262, Supt., Fort Larned NHS, RR 3, Sandra M. Doe, 2309 S. Ogden, Lopez, WA 98261 Larned, KS 67550 (316) 285­ Denver, CO 80210 Marian Stoskopf, 217 N. SUllivan, 6911. Virginia M. Feagler, 1213 Village Ulysses, KS 67880 Sept. 16, 1989: Bent'sOldFortDiez Ln., Fort Collins, CO 80521 Barbara Van Hook, 1572 Hunting­ Bill Fegan, The Shuler Theater, Ra­ y Seis de Septiembre. A celebra­ don Rd., Abington, PA 19001 tion of Mexico's independence ton, NM 87740 Jay Wallace, P. O. Box 20251 Cheryl Foote, 1824 Rita NE, from Spain in 1821, with special Montgomery, AL 36120 programs for children. Contact Albuquerque, NM 87106 Edna L. Wares, 848 So. Lincoln, Richard W. Godin, 3 Highland St., Superintendent, Bent's Old Fort Liberal, KS 67901 National Monument, 35110 Hwy Woonsocket, RI 02895 Dorothy Wetzel, 108 Whitehall Ct., Denise D. Grasso, Rt. 6, Box 405, 194 E, La Junta, C081050 (719) Urbana, IL 61801 384-2596. La Plata, MD 20646 Molly Winter, 475 Poplar Ave., BOUl­ Judy Heberline, 1717 Sim Park Dr., der, CO 80304 Wichita, KS 67203 Ernest A. Witucki, 4128 N. Claren­ Bonnie Heimann, Heimann Ranch, don #205, Chicago, IL 60613 $5.00 Bueyeros, NM 88412 Laura F. Woods, 6430 Palacio SW, BEST WESTERN Richard Heman, 800 Shelby St., Albuquerque, NM 87105 Frankfort, KY 40601 BENT'S FORT INN Lance Hester, 6068 S. Elizabeth Way, Littleton, CO 89121 All matters relating to Wagon East Highway 50 Clark Hibbard, 917 DavIs, Ardmore, Tracks should be addresed to Las Animas, CO 81054 OK 73401 the editor: (719) 456-0011 Steve Hitchcock, RR 4, Box 132A, Leo E. Oliva Richmond, MO 64085 RR 1, Box 31 Quarter up at Bent's Robert L. Holt, 17600 Java Ct. S., Woodston, KS 67675 Fort Inn on the SFT Lakeville, MN 55044 (913) 994-6253 and visit Dr. Ruth Householder, 15900 SW 85 Ave., Miami, FL 33157 All inquiries regarding mem­ Bent's Old Fort Milton Jones, P. O. Box 185, East bership should be directed to Boggsville Greenbush, NY 12061 the secretary-treasurer: Zebulon Pike Sighting W. K. Jones, 10 Calle Medico, San­ Ruth Olson Kit Carson Museum ta Fe, NM 87501 Santa Fe Trail Center Kit Carson Chapel Robert L. Kalen, 3528 West 92nd RR 3 Present this coupon for St., Leawood, KS 66206 Larned, KS 67550 Phillip R. Kelley, 3801 NW78thTer­ (316) 285-2054 $5.00 room discount race, Coral Springs, FL 33065 Brian W. King, P. O. Box 187,Wa-

-13- Sept. 16. 1989: New Franklin, MO, Sept. 28-0ct. 2. 1989: Santa Fe PA, Smithsonian Traveling Ex­ 15th Annual Santa Fe Trail Day. Trail Symposium, Santa Fe and hibition -"The Santa Fe Trail: Activities include arts and Las Vegas, NM. Contact Adrian Photographs bY Joan Myers." crafts displays, barbecue, par­ Bustamante, Symposium Coor­ Oct. 21. 1989: Fort Lamed NHS ade, music, and dances. Con­ dinator, P. O. Box 4182, Santa Fall Candlelight Tour. Contact tact Brent Dodson, RR 2, Box Fe, NM 87502 (505) 471-8200. Supt., RR 3, Lamed, KS 67550. 188, New Franklin, MO 65274 Sept. 30-0ct. 29. 1989: Canon Oct. 21-22. 1989: Baldwin City, (816) 848-2169 or 848-2355. Communications, Hermitage, KS, Annual Maple LeafFestival.

SCHOOL OF AMERICAN RESEARCH PRESS I REMEMBER THE announces publication of SANTA FE: IIISTORY OF AN ANCIENT CITY OLD, OLD TRAIL edited by David Grant Noble From the Memoirs of Marian Sloan Russell 111is new history of Santa Fe is written for a general audience by scholars Adapted and Narrated by Danita Ross who have studied primary documents in Mexico and Spain. ll1eir essnys A remarkable story of life and adventure on focus on the colorful individuals and events that shaped the ancient capital the Santa Fe Trail during the l850s and 1860s city from prehistory to the mid-nineteenth eentury.

~*'.*'~~~ 93-Minute I Remember Audio Cassette the Old, Music by Old Trail John Eddy

[ntroduction by Marc Simmons

From the book What happened to Santa Fe's inhabitants during the Pueblo Revolt? Was LAND OF the Reconquest really peaceful? Why were such famous governors as ENCHANTMENT Peralta and Vargas thrown in jail? Who wereat the lOp and boltom of Santa Fe society in the 18oos? Is the common portrayal of Manuel Armijo 1\"",,4O'd And N"rT",loed"" I~""" lin" Mu-why.loonl.dJ)' $12.95 as corrupt and cowardly accurate? Why did Santa Feans reeeive their ""'...... ,,j"",,,... --.,..... plus $.90 lor American conquerors so peacefully in 1846-477 How did the Palace of mail orders the Governors change through time? This book offers fresh historical insights in essays by Stanley Hordes, Frances Levine, Joseph P. Sanchez, John L. Kessell, Adrian H. Busta­ Trails West Publishing mante, Janet Lecompte, John P. Wilson, Marc Simmons, and Carrie Forman Arnold. P. O. Box 8619 10"x8", 168 pages to color plates 110 b/w illustrations Santa Fe, New Mexico 87504 Cloth S29.95 Paper S16.95 These will be available at the Symposium Available July 1989 through bookstores or from SAR Press, P.O. Box 2t88, Santa Fe, NM 87504-2188. Please add S2.OO shipping when ordering by mail.

Wagon Tracks NONPROFIT ORGANIZATION Santa Fe Trail Association 5l u.s. RR 1, Box 31 § POSTAGE UJ PAID Woodston, KS 67675 a: a. PERMIT NO.2 WOODSTON, KS 67675