49469-007: Mumbai Metro Rail Systems Project
Mumbai Metro Rail Systems Project (RRP IND 49469) SECTOR ASSESSMENT (SUMMARY): TRANSPORT (RAIL AND URBAN)1 Sector Road Map 1. Sector Performance, Problems, and Opportunities 1. Urban transport. Efficient and sustainable urban transport systems and mobility are critical for the smooth functioning of India’s cities. From 1981 to 2011, the number of total registered vehicles grew at a rate of 11.7% per year, compared to population growth of 2% per year.2 The rapid increase in the number of vehicles has led to severe air pollution, which is becoming a serious health hazard in many cities. The government is consequently committed to promoting public transport systems. Public transportation infrastructure in India needs high levels of investment and massive upgrading to spur a modal shift from private vehicles. It is estimated that over 50% of Indians will be living in urban areas by 2050.3 In 2006, the Government of India issued the National Urban Transport Policy (NUTP) that provides a broad framework for development of urban transport.4 Metro rail is seen as a necessary solution for developing mass rapid transit systems in India’s large cities, while smaller and medium-sized cities are exploring the option of bus rapid transit. 2. In India, the states and union territories plan, execute, and develop urban transport facilities. However, the current suburban railway system is within the purview of the national railway administration. Indian Railways has been operating suburban rail services in Chennai, Delhi, Hyderabad, Kolkata, and Mumbai, as a means of rail-based mass transit with a focus on long-haul freight and passenger movement.
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