DOCSLIB.ORG

Diversity, Distribution and Status of Bats on the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Diversity, Distribution and Status of Bats on the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India Diversity, distribution and status of bats on the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India B ANDANA A UL, P.J.J. BATES,D.L.HARRISON and G . M ARIMUTHU Abstract Information on the bat fauna of the Andaman Introduction and Nicobar Islands was limited previously to the results of sporadic surveys, with no specific focus on the habitats or lthough the Andaman and Nicobar Islands are distribution of the species. We carried out the first extensive Apolitically a part of the Indian subcontinent, they ffi survey of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands during have biogeographical a nities with Sumatra and the 1988 1999 2003–2006, covering 40 islands. Our objective was to map Lesser Sundas (Rodgers & Panwar, ; Das, ). The the bat species, their habitats and distribution. This resulted mammalian fauna of these islands comprises a rich 1902 1967 in identification of 25 bat species representing 13 genera, assemblage of rodents and bats (Miller, ; Hill, ; 1975 1980 1990 location of . 300 roosts and validation of previously Nath & Chatervedi, ; Saha, ; Das, ; Pande 1991 13 5 357 recorded species. Notable findings included the rediscovery et al., ); % of the , recorded animal species are 1984 of the endemic Nicobar flying fox Pteropus faunulus after endemic (Rao, ). This excludes the marine mammals, a century and its extinction from the type locality on Car none of which are endemic. Endemism is pronounced in 39 270 1971 Nicobar Island, the sighting of an albino Hipposideros % of the species and subspecies of birds (Das, ; 1974 55 58 32 diadema nicobarensis from Katchal Island, and the first Abdulali, ), % of the mammal species, %of 83 20 10 records of Rhinolophus yunanensis, Murina cyclotis and the reptile species and % of the amphibian species 1985 2002 Hipposideros larvatus from the Andaman Islands, and (Rao & DevRoy, ; Andrews & Sankaran, ). Taphozous melanopogon, Murina cyclotis, Pipistrellus spp., Common terrestrial mammals include the Andaman wild Myotis horsfieldii dryas and Cynopterus brachyotis from pig Sus scrofa andamanensis, crab eating macaque Macaca the Nicobar Islands. Threats to the bat fauna appear to fascicularis umbrosa, Andaman masked palm civet Paguma be primarily roost disturbance and hunting for sport. larvata tytlerii, Andaman spiny shrew Crocidura andama- Anthropogenic pressure on species of Pteropus is high as nensis, Nicobar tree shrew Tupaia nicobarica nicobarica, hunting occurs throughout the year. Secondary sources Andaman horse-shoe bat Rhinolophus cognatus and and our field observations confirmed the decline of Pteropus lesser short-nosed bat Cynopterus brachyotis. Introduced in several islands as a result of hunting and alteration to mammals include the spotted deer Axis axis (now occurring habitats. We introduced a community initiative to monitor throughout South, Middle and North Andaman Islands), and protect roosts and foraging sites close to settlements in goats Capra sp. (on Barren and Narcondum Islands) the Nicobar Islands. Priorities identified for conservation of and elephant Elephas maximus (on Interview Island). the bat fauna of the archipelagos are mitigation of threats to Bats are sensitive to habitat disturbance and land- 1993 flying foxes and cave dwelling bats, initiation of research on scape changes from anthropogenic activities (Zubaid, ; 2008 endemic bat species such as P. faunulus, and a voluntary ban Struebig et al., ) and could be used as indicator species. 1 by local communities on hunting in specific areas and seasons. Previous records (Supplementary Table S ) of bat species in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands are the result of Keywords Andaman and Nicobar Islands, bats, com- faunal exploration and collection of species (Hill, 1967, 1971; munity initiative, local extinction, new records, Pteropus Abdulali, 1976a,b; Rao et al., 1994; Das, 1998, 1999; Deb, faunulus 1998). Miller (1902) listed 12 bat species and other small mammals, and provided the first description of the endemic This paper contains supplementary material that can be fruit bat Pteropus faunulus, from Car Nicobar Island. found online at http://journals.cambridge.org Bates & Harrison (1997) compiled a list of 23 species from museum specimens and records (e.g. Miller, 1902; Hill, 1967). BANDANA AUL (Corresponding author) Department of Animal Behaviour & Here we report the first extensive survey of the bats of Physiology, Madurai Kamraj University, Madurai 6250421, India. E-mail the Andaman and Nicobar Islands and the threats to bandana_aul@rediffmail.com these species from hunting and disturbance in their day P.J.J. BATES and D.L. HARRISON Harrison Zoological Museum, Centre of Systematics and Biodiversity Research, Sevenoaks, Kent, UK roosts. We focused on identifying the distribution of species across the islands, validating past records and mapping G. MARIMUTHU Department of Animal Behaviour & Physiology, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India roosts. We also attempted to initiate community partici- Received 26 December 2011. Revision requested 27 February 2012. pation in conservation of bats by proposing a voluntary Accepted 8 May 2012. First published online 21 February 2014. hunting ban and adoption of roosts close to settlements © 2014 Fauna & Flora International, Oryx, 48(2), 204–212 doi:10.1017/S0030605312000646 Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. IP address: 170.106.202.8, on 02 Oct 2021 at 13:50:34, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0030605312000646 Bats of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands 205 on inhabited islands. This is especially applicable in the mango and guava. These plantations are not for commercial Nicobar Islands where the wildlife laws favour the purposes and are mostly to supplement the diet of people indigenous communities, who have been granted special in the settlements. Nets were also deployed in primary hunting rights under Section 56 of the Indian Wildlife forests and secondary forest with and without streams. (Protection) Act, 1972 (Anon, 1994). In a pilot radio-tracking Unique habitats such as freshwater swamps and fringing study we successfully tracked 11 P. faunulus, locating a day forest habitats with grasslands, mangroves and littoral roost and the foraging range. forests were also sampled. These unique habitats are restricted in extent. For example, Little Andaman Island is Study area the only island with freshwater swamps, and grasslands are restricted to the Central Nicobar Group. All bats The Andaman and Nicobar Islands (Figs 1 & 2) lie in the Bay captured were kept in cloth bags and released at point of of Bengal between India and Myanmar, parallel to the coast capture after data collection. Data collected included length of Myanmar. The Andaman Islands are separated from the of fore arm, sex, weight and pelage colour. In accordance Nicobar Islands by the Ten Degree Channel. Both the island with internationally accepted procedures (Kunz, 2009), nets groups have a tropical climate throughout the year, over streams were set at a height to ensure the last shelf was with temperatures of 18–34 °C, a mean annual rainfall of well above the water, to avoid drowning of captured 3,000–3,500 mm, and relative humidity of 75–95%. The individuals. forest can be broadly classified as tropical evergreen. Net nights were calculated by multiplying the number of Grasslands are unique to the Central Nicobar Group nets deployed by the number of nights of sampling at (Pande et al., 1991). The topography of the islands is hilly each site. Capture success for each species, by island, was and undulating; maximum altitudes are 732 m at Saddle calculated as the total number of individuals of a species Peak on North Andaman Island and 568 m at Mt Thullier captured on an island divided by the total number of on Great Nicobar Island (Southern Nicobar Group; individuals of all species combined captured on the island, Oldham, 1885). Among the total of 306 islands in the multiplied by 100. Species richness of a site is the total archipelagos 33 are inhabited and 94 are designated as number of bat species recorded. Sanctuaries, including two islands in the Andaman Islands Day roosts were identified from earlier records that are tribal reserves. The entire Nicobar Islands are under (Sankaran, 1998) through informal discussions with in- the provisions of the Andaman and Nicobar Protection of habitants, and searches of potential sites. At each roost the Aboriginal Tribes Regulation of 1956 and entry to them is species present and the roost type were recorded. Population restricted to Indian nationals. sizes were estimated by counting the individuals of each species. Methods Caves surveyed were within the forest and at the seashore. Caves within forest were cracks in the rocks, in Surveys of the large islands and representative samples undulating terrain, below the ground and on inland hills, of small islands were carried out on 26 islands (39 sites) where they occurred as clefts or cracks under a rocky hill, in the Andaman Islands and 14 islands (20 sites) in the forming large cave complexes. There are such complexes Nicobar Islands (Figs 1 & 2) during 2003–2006. We made at Cliff Bay Sanctuary (41 caves) in the North Andaman an additional survey after the occurrence of the tsunami Group, and Interview Island (34 caves) and Baratang Island that resulted from the Sumatra–Andaman earthquake of (190 inland forest caves, including some small caves) in 26 December 2004, to record any damage to cave roosts and the Middle Andaman Group. We did not locate any cave roosts of Pteropus melanotus, particularly in the mangrove complexes in the Nicobar Islands. Where entry by adults forest belts. Secondary data on hunting, and locations and to caves was not possible mist nets on entrances were used to shift of roosts were regularly obtained from locally trained ascertain the presence or absence of bats. Upon identifica- individuals during 2008–2011. tion of roosts we attempted to explore all accessible areas, Standard ground-level mist nets were deployed between record the species present in each cave and count the 17.00 and 02.00, monitored every 30 minutes, for 121 and approximate numbers in each roost.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Village Contingency Plan
    Village Contingency Plan 1 Andaman and Nicobar Administration Rescue 2012 Shelter Management Psychosocial Care NDMA SCR Early Warning Rescue First Aid Mock Drill A&N Islands Disaster Management Plan 2012 I N D E X SL. NO. CONTENTS PAGE NO. 1 Map of A&N Islands 07 CHAPTER CONTENTS PAGE NO. I Introduction 08 II Hazard Analysis 11 III Union Territory Disaster Management System 24 IV UT Disaster Management Executive Committee 32 V District Disaster Management 35 VI Directorate of Disaster Management 52 VII Incident Response System 64 VIII Village Contingency Plan 90 IX Disaster Mitigation 104 X Preparedness Plan 128 XI Response Plan 133 XII Rehabilitation 140 XIII Appraisal, Documentation and Reporting 141 XIV Standard Operating Procedures 143 XV Glossary of Terms 150 XVI Explanations 155 XVII Abbreviations 160 Directorate of Disaster Management | Andaman and Nicobar Administration 1 A&N Islands Disaster Management Plan 2012 Directorate of Disaster Management | Andaman and Nicobar Administration 2 A&N Islands Disaster Management Plan 2012 Directorate of Disaster Management | Andaman and Nicobar Administration 3 A&N Islands Disaster Management Plan 2012 Directorate of Disaster Management | Andaman and Nicobar Administration 4 A&N Islands Disaster Management Plan 2012 Directorate of Disaster Management | Andaman and Nicobar Administration 5 A&N Islands Disaster Management Plan 2012 Directorate of Disaster Management | Andaman and Nicobar Administration 6 A&N Islands Disaster Management Plan 2012 Directorate of Disaster Management | Andaman and Nicobar Administration 7 A&N Islands Disaster Management Plan 2012 Chapter-I INTRODUCTION ISLANDS AT A GLANCE 1.1 LOCATION 1.1.1 The Union Territory of Andaman and Nicobar Islands stretches over 700 kms from North to South with 37 inhabited Islands.
    [Show full text]
  • Recommendations on Improving Telecom Services in Andaman
    Telecom Regulatory Authority of India Recommendations on Improving Telecom Services in Andaman & Nicobar Islands and Lakshadweep 22 nd July, 2014 Mahanagar Doorsanchar Bhawan Jawahar Lal Nehru Marg, New Delhi – 110002 CONTENTS CHAPTER-I: INTRODUCTION 1 CHAPTER- II: METHODOLOGY FOLLOWED FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF THE TELECOM INFRASTRUCTURE REQUIRED 10 CHAPTER- III: TELECOM PLAN FOR ANDAMAN & NICOBAR ISLANDS 36 CHAPTER- IV: COMPREHENSIVE TELECOM PLAN FOR LAKSHADWEEP 60 CHAPTER- V: SUPPORTING POLICY INITIATIVES 74 CHAPTER- VI: SUMMARY OF RECOMMENDATIONS 84 ANNEXURE 1.1 88 ANNEXURE 1.2 90 ANNEXURE 2.1 95 ANNEXURE 2.2 98 ANNEXURE 3.1 100 ANNEXURE 3.2 101 ANNEXURE 5.1 106 ANNEXURE 5.2 110 ANNEXURE 5.3 113 ABBREVIATIONS USED 115 i CHAPTER-I: INTRODUCTION Reference from Department of Telecommunication 1.1. Over the last decade, the growth of telecom infrastructure has become closely linked with the economic development of a country, especially the development of rural and remote areas. The challenge for developing countries is to ensure that telecommunication services, and the resulting benefits of economic, social and cultural development which these services promote, are extended effectively and efficiently throughout the rural and remote areas - those areas which in the past have often been disadvantaged, with few or no telecommunication services. 1.2. The Role of telecommunication connectivity is vital for delivery of e- Governance services at the doorstep of citizens, promotion of tourism in an area, educational development in terms of tele-education, in health care in terms of telemedicine facilities. In respect of safety and security too telecommunication connectivity plays a vital role.
    [Show full text]
  • International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources
    INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR CONSERVATION OF NATURE AND NATURAL RESOURCES Report on Land Use in the ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS by D.N. McVean IUCN CONSULTANT Library CH - 1196 Gland With Financial Assistance from The Government of India and The United Nations Environmental Programme Morges, Switzerland Jwte, 1976 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction ••••••••••••••••••••••ct•••• .. •••••·••••••••••11:e•••••••••• 1 SuDID8.ry ••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 4 ••••••• ,. fl •• fl " M .............. 6 •• a • • 1 ENVIRONMENTAL Il!PACT ASSESSMENT ....... " .. " .......................... 2 Effect of de.forestation on climate • " • ll ............................ 2 Accelerated soil erosion ........... ....... ... .. .... ................ 3 Water supplies, perennial and seasonal ... " ....................... 5 Forestry ···•~41~••••11•••••···········••t-•••····················· 7 Agriculture and settlement ••••••••••....••••• , • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • 9 Plantation agriculture ••••11•••·••!:ilf'• '!lr ••························· 11 Other development 12 ··············-~r.o••··················-····· CONSERVATION .......................... ., ...... ,_ ................... 14 Terrestrial habitats •••• S • e • I • IJ ... I ••• S e 4 I' ••• e ••• • ••••••••• I' ••••• 14 Marine habitats .............. ....... II. ....................... 17 Indigenous tribes • ' .. e • • llJo 1' • + "' • e .. + • • • • • • • • • ' ' • Ill- 4' .. t • • ... II 4 41 • •• • • 18 COMMEN'.i:S ON PREVIOUS REPORTS ...... ,.••••••••• ,.,. •••••••••••••••••••••• 41. 19 RECOMMENDATIONS
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 2 Introduction to the Geography and Geomorphology Of
    Downloaded from http://mem.lyellcollection.org/ by guest on February 7, 2017 Chapter 2 Introduction to the geography and geomorphology of the Andaman–Nicobar Islands P. C. BANDOPADHYAY1* & A. CARTER2 1Department of Geology, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata-700019, India 2Department of Earth & Planetary Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, London, UK *Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: The geography and the geomorphology of the Andaman–Nicobar accretionary ridge (islands) is extremely varied, recording a complex interaction between tectonics, climate, eustacy and surface uplift and weathering processes. This chapter outlines the principal geographical features of this diverse group of islands. Gold Open Access: This article is published under the terms of the CC-BY 3.0 license The Andaman–Nicobar archipelago is the emergent part of a administrative headquarters of the Nicobar Group. Other long ridge which extends from the Arakan–Yoma ranges of islands of importance are Katchal, Camorta, Nancowry, Till- western Myanmar (Burma) in the north to Sumatra in the angchong, Chowra, Little Nicobar and Great Nicobar. The lat- south. To the east the archipelago is flanked by the Andaman ter is the largest covering 1045 km2. Indira Point on the south Sea and to the west by the Bay of Bengal (Fig. 1.1). A coast of Great Nicobar Island, named after the honorable Prime c. 160 km wide submarine channel running parallel to the Minister Smt Indira Gandhi of India, lies 147 km from the 108 N latitude between Car Nicobar and Little Andaman northern tip of Sumatra and is India’s southernmost point.
    [Show full text]
  • Echinodermata Associated with Coral Reefs of Andaman and Nicobar Islands
    Rec. zoo!. Surv. India: 100 (Part 3-4) : 21-60, 2002 ECHINODERMATA ASSOCIATED WITH CORAL REEFS OF ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS D. R. K. SASTRY Zoological Survey of India, A & N Regional Station, Port Blair - 744 102 INTRODUCTION Coral reefs are an important ecosystem of the coastal environment. The reef ecosystem IS highly productive and provides substratum, shelter, food etc. to a variety of biota. Consequently a number of faunal and floral elements are attracted towards the reef ecosystem and are closely associated with each other to form a community. Thus the reefs are also rich in biodiversity. Among the coral reef associates echinoderms are a conspicuous element on account of their size, abundance and effect on the reef ecosystem including the corals. In spite of their importance in the coral reef ecosystem and its conservation, very few studies were made on the echinoderm associates of the coral reefs. Though there were some studies elsewhere, the information on reef­ associated echinoderms of Indian coast is meager and scattered (see Anon, 1995). Hence an attempt is made here to collate the scattered accounts and unpublished information available with Zoological Survey of India. Since the information is from several originals and quoted references and many are to be cited often, these are avoided in the text and a comprehensive bibliography is appended which served as source material and also provides additional references of details and further information. ECHINODERMS OF CORAL REEFS More than 200 species of echinoderms occur in the reef ecosystem of Andaman and Nicobar Islands. These belong to five extant classes with 30 to 60 species of each class.
    [Show full text]
  • October 2017 Smith's Giant Gecko (Gekko Smithii) from the Great
    Project Update: October 2017 Smith's giant gecko (Gekko smithii) from the Great Nicobar Island Acknowledgements: I thank the Andaman and Nicobar Environmental Team (ANET) for facilitating field work for this project for a duration of 6 months, Department of Environment and Forests, Andaman and Nicobar Islands for providing permission to carry out this study and collect tissues for molecular laboratory work (Permit No.: CWLW/WL/134(A)/517), Andaman and Nicobar Administration for providing permission to carryout field work in Tribal Reserve Areas and the Police Department, A&N Islands for providing logistical support in remote locations. Objectives: 1. To identify diversity in gecko species and populations distributed on the Andaman and Nicobar islands 2. To recognise factors governing patterns of genetic diversity across space (dispersal ability, barriers of dispersal, isolation-by-distance, human mediated dispersal). 3. To assess evolutionary relationships of the endemic and human commensal lineages of geckos from the Andaman and Nicobar Islands and deduce bio- geographical affinities of these Islands. 4. To prioritise islands and species for conservation. Tasks, timeline and status: Task Timeline Status Permits for the study October 2016-January Complete Field data collection in the October2017 2016-May 2017 Complete A&N Islands Molecular laboratory work May 2017-August 2017 In progress Morphological data July-August 2017 In progress Preparinganalysis publications August- November 2017 In progress Designing and printing October 2017 Yet to begin education material Project final report November 2017 Yet to begin Summary of field data collection: We began field work on October 26th 2016 and completed this on May 3rd, 2017.
    [Show full text]
  • Impact Assessment and Economic Benefits of Weather and Marine Services
    Impact Assessment and Economic Benefits of Weather and Marine Services December 2010 National Council of Applied Economic Research (NCAER) Parisila Bhawan, 11, I.P. Estate New Delhi- 110 002, INDIA Tel: +91-11-2337 9861-63 Fax: +91-11-2337 0164 Website: www.ncaer.org copyright@2010 by the National Council of Applied Economic Research, New Delhi – 110 002. Preface The Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES) was formed in 2006 from a merger of the India Meteorological Department (IMD), the National Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting (NCMRWF), the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM), Pune, Earth Risk Evaluation Centre (EREC), and the Department of Ocean Development. The Mission of the MoES is to provide the nation with forecasts of the monsoons and other weather/climate parameters, and information about ocean state, earthquakes, tsunamis and other phenomena related to earth systems through well-integrated programs. These services have significant economic and social benefits that are otherwise very difficult to quantify. The actual and potential benefits to the key stakeholders like individuals, firms, industry sectors and national bodies from state-of-the-art meteorological and related services are substantial and, till today, they are inadequately recognised and insufficiently exploited in India. NCAER was approached by the MoES to carry out a comprehensive study to understand the perspectives of the main stakeholders on the weather and marine services and estimate the economic and social benefits of these services provided by the MoES. However the MoES provides numerous services and the number of beneficiaries is large. This study has restricted to the main stakeholders, such as farmers and fishermen.
    [Show full text]
  • Herbal Medicine & Healthcare Practices
    [Downloaded free from http://www.ijmr.org.in on Tuesday, July 07, 2015, IP: 164.100.31.82] Indian J Med Res 141, May 2015, pp 720-744 Herbal medicine & healthcare practices among Nicobarese of Nancowry group of Islands - an indigenous tribe of Andaman & Nicobar Islands M. Punnam Chander, C. Kartick & P. Vijayachari Regional Medical Research Centre (ICMR), Port Blair, India Received March 28, 2014 Background & objectives: Tribal people often depend on herbal medicines and the traditional knowledge practitioners (TKPs) serve as their healthcare service providers. This study was an attempt to document the use of medicinal plants by the Nicobarese of Nancowry group of Islands. Methods: Field survey was conducted in all the five inhabited Islands of the Nancowry group of Islands. All the TKPs were interviewed with a questionnaire-guided ethnomedicinal survey protocol. Voucher specimens of all the cited plants (botanic species) were collected and a Community Biodiversity Register of Nicobarese of Nancowry was prepared. Results: A total of 77 TKPs were identified, who together were using 132 medicinal plant species belonging to 113 genera and 62 families. The TKPs were treating a total of 43 ailments. Seven endemic and three rare plant species were recorded. The most common plant part used was leaves. Remedies were usually prepared using water as the excipient. Routes for administration of medicinal plant preparations were oral, topical and others. The information collected from the TKPs were collated in the form of Community Biodiversity Registers. Interpretation & conclusions: The present survey shows that the medicinal plants play a pivotal role in the healthcare of the Nicobarese tribe of Nancowry group of Islands.
    [Show full text]
  • 03. Demography.Pdf
    DEMOGRAPHIC - A&N ISLANDS Table-1.1: District, Tehsil and Panchayati Raj Institutions iapk;r iapk;r lfefr ftyk ifj "kn ftyk District Tehsil Gram Panchayat Zilla Panchayat Samiti Parishad mRrj o e/; v.Meku fMxyhi qj Diglipur 15 1 1 North & Middle ek;kcanj Mayabunder 8 1 - Andaman jaxr Rangat 14 1 - iksVZ Cys;j Port Blair 10 1 1 nf{k.k v.Meku Qjkjxat Ferrargunj 15 1 - South Andaman fyfVy v.Meku Little 4 1 - Andaman dkj fudksckj Car Nicobar - - - fudksckj Nicobar uudkSjh Nancowrie - - - xzsV fudksckj Great Nicobar 3 1 - Total 69 7 2 Table: 1.2- tula[;k 1901 ls Population of A & N Islands Since 1901 Census Andaman Nicobar A&N %Decadal Variation Year Islands A&N Islands Andaman Nicobar 1901 18138 6511 24649 -- - - 1911 17641 8818 26459 (+) 7.34 (-) 2.74 (-) 35.43 1921 17814 9272 27086 (+) 2.37 (+) 0.98 (+) 5.15 1931 19223 10240 29463 (+) 8.78 (+) 7.91 (+) 10.44 1941 21316 12452 33768 (+)14.61 (+) 10.89 (+) 21.60 1951 18962 12009 30971 (-) 8.28 (-) 11.04 (-) 3.56 1961 48985 14563 63548 (+)105.19 (+) 58.33 (+) 21.27 1971 93468 21665 115133 (+) 81.17 (+) 90.81 (+) 48.77 1981 158287 30454 188741 (+)63.93 (+) 69.35 (+) 40.57 1991 241453 39208 280661 (+) 48.70 (+) 52.54 (+) 28.74 2001 314084 42068 356152 (+) 26.90 (+) 30.08 (+) 7.29 2011 Census % variation South N&M A&N A&N South N&M Nicobar Andaman Andaman Islands Islands Andaman Andaman Nicobar 238142 105597 36842 380581 6.86 14.23 (-)0.015 (-)12.42 Note :- Andaman District was bifurcated into South Andaman and North & Middle Andaman in 2006 Table:1.3- tula[;k ?kuRo Density of population of A
    [Show full text]
  • Ecological Impact of Tsunami on Nicobar Islands
    RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS azimuthal anisotropy of the Australian upper mantle. Geophys. J. on the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The massive tsunami Int., 2002, 151, 738–754. swept through the Indian Ocean region to become arguably 36. Lowry, A. R. and Smith, R. B., Strength and rheology of the western the largest natural disaster in living memory. Initial reports US Cordillera. J. Geophys. Res., 1995, 100, 17947–17963. 37. Menon, R., Kumar, P. S., Reddy, G. K. and Srinivasan, R., Radio- indicate that natural ecological systems such as coral reefs, genic heat-production of Late Archaean Bundelkhand granite and mangroves and wetlands have suffered extensive damages. some Proterozoic gneisses and granitoids of central India. Curr. This calamity highlights the key protective role of coral reefs, Sci., 2003, 85, 634–638. mangroves and the importance of CRZ (Coastal Regulation 38. Roy, S. and Rao, R. U. M., Heat flow in the Indian shield. J. Geo- Zone) Notification. Physical damages might impact the phys. Res., 2000, 105, 25587–25604. 39. Stephen, J. and Singh, S. B., Correlation of effective elastic thickness structure and function of coastal ecosystems and their ability and seismogenic thickness in the continental lithosphere of India. to sustain marine life and support livelihood of coastal Eos Trans. AGU, 2004, 85, (17), Joint Assembly Suppl., JA446. communities. The extent of damage caused to coastal ecosys- tems and communities in Camorta, Katchal, Nancowry and Trinkat Islands is studied using remote sensing and ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. We thank Dr V. P. Dimri, Director, NGRI for permission and encouragement to publish this work. We also thank GIS tools.
    [Show full text]
  • Nicobar District
    lR;eso t;rs v.Meku rÉk fudksckj }hilewg ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS lkaf[;dh; iqfLrdk STATSTICAL HAND BOOK ON fudksckj ftyk NICOBAR DISTRICT 2007-08 To 2009-10 vkfFZkd ,oa lkaf[;dh funsÓky; v.Meku rÉk fudksckj izÓklu iksVZ Cys;j DIRECTORATE OF ECONOMICS ANDSTATISTICS ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ADMINISTRATION PORT BLAIR . çLrkouk lkaf[;dh; iqfLrdk fudksckj ftyk 2007&2008 ls 2009&2010 orZeku laLdj.k Øe esa iUnzgok¡ gS A bl laLdj.k esa fudksckj ftyk ds fofHkUu {ks=ksa ls lacaf/kr egRoiw.kZ lkaf[;dh; lwpukvksa dks ljy rjhds ls izLrqr fd;k x;k gS A funs'kky; bl iqfLrdk ds fy, fofHkUu ljdkjh foHkkxksa@ dk;kZy;ksa rFkk vU; ,stsfUl;ksa }kjk miyC/k djk, x, lkaf[;dh; vkWadM+ksa ds fy, muds izfr viuk vkHkkj izdV djrk gS A ;g izdk'ku Jh ch e¨gu lkaf[;dh; vf/kdkjh ds ekxZn'kZu rFkk fuxjkuh esa Jh ekfVZu ,Ddk] Jh ,e ih eqÉIik ÁSj Jherh Mh- lqlSvEeky] ofj"B vUos"kd¨ ds dfBu ifjJe dk ifj.kke gS A e® vk'kk djrk gwa fd ;g izdk'ku mu ikBdksa ds fy, mi;ksxh fl) gksxk] ftUgsa fu dksckj ftyk ds vkWadM+ksa dh vko';drk gS A bl izdk'ku esa vkSj lq/kkj ds fy, vkids lq>koksa dk Lokxr gS A ¼x©ajx feJ ½ iksVZ Cys;j funs'kd vkfFkZd ,oa lkaf[;dh funs'kky; PREFACE The present edition of Statistical Hand Book, Nicobar District -2007-2008 to 2009-10 is the fifteenth in the series. It presents in a handy form important Statistical Information relating to the Nicobar District, The Directorate acknowledges with gratitude the co- operation extended by various Government Departments/Agencies in making available the statistical data presented in this publication .
    [Show full text]
  • Statistical Handbook On
    STATISTICAL HANDBOOK ON Nicobars District 1994 Issuid By 54S8 STATISTICS ^ / O idaman And Nicobar Administraiion Blair. PREFACE The present edition of 'Statistical Hand Book on Nicobars District 1994' is the fifth in the series. It presents in a handyfornn of important 'Statistical Information' relating to various sectors of economy of Nicobars District. We are grateful to the Govt. agencies/Public sector organisations for their generous co-operation in supply of the relevant data for incor­ porating the same in this publication. The publication is a result of hardwork put ^ in by Smti. Sobhana K. Unny, Senior Investigator, Shri S. N. Sreeprakash, Statistical Assistant under overall supervision ef Shrl Jacob ^Varghese, Statistical Officer. It is hoped that the publication will be found useful by the readers. Suggestions for further improvements of the publication' are most welcome. (N.K. Gehani), Place: Port Blair. Director (Statistics' Directorate of Statistics Andaman & Nicobar Islands Port Blair NIEPA DC D09283 i l o - - vS LIBRARY & DOCUMENTATION C t? T ^ National lostitute of Educatioo; I Planning and Administration. 17-B, Sri Aurobindo Marg, N«vr Delbi-110016 rx CONTENTS Table No. Heading Pag& No. General Information ... 1— 2* 1.1 to 1.13 Area & Population ... 2— 7 2.1 to 2.5 Agriculture ... 8 - 9 3.1 to 2 Animal Husbandry ... 9 -1 0 4.1 to 4.2 Forest ... 10 5.1 to 5.10 • Education ... 11 — 16 6 1 to 6.2 Road & Transport ... 17 7.1 to 7.4 Power ... 17— 18 8.1 to 8.3 Law 8 Order ... 19 -20 9.1 to 9.3 Industries ..
    [Show full text]