DOCSLIB.ORG

Black-Tufted Marmoset

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Black-tufted Marmoset, Callithrix penicillata (Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1812), a new unwelcome addition to the fauna of Reserva Ecológica de Guapiaçu (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil). Michael Patrikeev 28 Indian Harbour Road, Tobermory, Ontario N0H 2R0 Canada On 28 September 2011, I observed and photographed a group of the Black-tufted Marmoset, Callithrix penicillata, near Rio Gato (22°23'57.98"S, 42°44'17.04"W; ca. 390 m asl.) in Reserva Ecológica de Guapiaçu or REGUA. REGUA is a private nature reserve located near the village of Guapiaçu in the municipality of Cachoeiras de Macacu, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The reserve protects ca. 6,500 ha of secondary and primary Atlantic forest in Serra dos Órgãos massif, extending attitudinally from 30 to 2,200 m; all areas above 400 m are included in the recently decreed Parque Estadual dos Três Picos (REGUA website: www.regua.co.uk, Pimentel and Olmos 2011). Prior to the reported C. penicillata observation, the only Callithrix species known from REGUA was the Common Marmoset, C. jacchus, (www.regua.co.uk, N. Locke, pers. comm.). The Black-tufted Marmosets were detected by their vocalization in a mature secondary forest along “Green Trail”, and seven or eight of them were found eating small green fruit with white pulp, in trees ca. 10-12 m above the ground at ca. 15:45 hrs (Figure 1). The group contained at least one (or perhaps two) large young. The marmosets were not particularly wary, but soon moved away; all troop members following the same route over the branches. One adult lingered until the last member of the group, a large youngster, crossed over the trail, and then it joined the group. This species was not encountered during subsequent excursions to the area in early October 2011. The marmosets observed along “Green Trail” conformed to the traits of C. penicillata (Nowak 1999, Rylands et al. 2008) by having black circumauricular tufts, crown and temples (Figure 2 and 3). C. jacchus has mostly white circumauricular tufts, blackish or brown forehead and temples (Figures 2 and 3). The Buffy-tufted Marmoset, C. aurita (not yet reported from REGUA), has small buff or ochre ear-tufts, black throat, head and cheeks (Nowak 1999, Rylands et al. 2008). Cristiane Hollanda Rangel (Projeto de Conservação da Fauna, Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro), Fabio Olmos (Permian Brasil Serviços Ambientais, São Paulo) and Leonardo Pimentel (REGUA) examined my photographs, and confirmed that marmosets in the photos were indeed C. penicillata. Neither C. penicillata nor C. jacchus is native to the state of Rio de Janeiro (Rocha et al. 2004, Ruiz- Miranda et al. 2011), although C. penicillata might have reached the Itatiaia National Park in the west of the state naturally (Coimbra-Filho 1984). C. penicillata is typical of the gallery and dry forest of Cerrado region in eastern Brazil, where it occurs in the states of Bahia, Minas Gerais, Goiás, Piauí, Maranhão and the north of São Paulo (Eisenberg and Redford 1999, Rylands et al. 2008), see Figure 4. C. jacchus is native to the scrub forest (Caatinga) and drier Atlantic forest of north-eastern Brazil, in the states of Alagoas, Pernambuco, Paraíba, Rio Grande do Norte, Ceará, Piauí, Maranhão, Bahia, and possibly M. Patrikeev. 2011. Callithrix penicillata in Reserva Ecológica de Guapiaçu, Rio de Janeiro Page 1 Tocantins, Figure 4 (Bicca-Marques et al. 2006, Rylands et al. 2008). Both species are common within their natural range, IUCN Least Concern category (Rylands and Mendes 2008, Rylands et al. 2008). C. jacchus and C. penicillata show a preference for disturbed and secondary forest, and fragmented habitats, and following the destruction of the Atlantic forest these species have expanded their natural range (Rylands and Faria 1993, Bicca-Marques et al. 2006). Both species were also widely introduced in other parts of eastern and south-eastern Brazil, from Sergipe to Santa Catarina (Olmos and Martuscelli 1995, Bicca-Marques et al. 2006, Rylands et al. 2008, Rylands and Mendes 2008, Ruiz-Miranda et al. 2011). In the state of Rio de Janeiro, populations of the introduced Callithrix marmosets existed for decades, and presently they occur in at least 13% of the municipalities (Ruiz-Miranda et al. 2011). Juvenile and immature animals of both species are captured within their natural range and transported to large cities of the south-east to meet local and international demand. There some are released by owners in their gardens and fazendas, less desirable animals are liberated by traffickers, and seized marmosets are often freed by police at forest edges. Some owners admitted in releasing old or sick marmosets (Ruiz- Miranda et al. 2011). International Union for Conservation of Nature recognizes invasion by alien species as one of the most significant threat to biological diversity, second only to habitat loss (IUCN 2007). In the case of C. jacchus and C. penicillata threat is in competition with native Callithrix and Leontopithecus (Ruiz-Miranda et al. 2011) and genetic swamping and eventual replacement of native Callithrix by the invaders. The issue is complicated by close relationship of species within the genus Callithrix. The six currently recognized species (aurita, flaviceps, geoffroyi, jacchus, kuhlii and penicillata) have mostly parapatric ranges (Eisenberg and Redford 1999, Coimbra-Filho et al. 2006, Rylands et al. 2008) and in the recent past were all considered subspecies of Callithrix jacchus (Hershkovitz 1977). Although all six were elevated to full species rank (Mittermeier et al. 1988; Coimbra-Filho et al. 2006; Rylands et al. 2008) genetic analysis of their taxonomic differences is inconclusive (see discussion in Coimbra-Filho et al. 2006). Natural hybrids occur in zones of contact (Rylands et al. 1993, Mendes 1997) and all species of Callithrix hybridize in captivity (Coimbra-Filho et al. 1993). In the Rio de Janeiro state the majority of introduced marmosets are C. jacchus x C. penicillata hybrids, which tend to be larger than the parental species (Ruiz-Miranda et al. 2011). By the beginning of the 21st century C. jacchus, C. penicillata and their hybrids probably completely displaced native C. aurita at low elevations in the state through competition and hybridization, likely aided by deforestation and forest fragmentation (Coimbra-Filho 1991, Bicca-Marques et al. 2006, Rylands et al. 2008). Nowadays C. aurita is confined to higher elevations (500-1,200 m) within its former range (Rylands 1994, Olmos and Martuscelli 1995). In Reserva Ecológica de Guapiaçu C. jacchus inhabits forests fragments, edges and recently reforested areas at low elevations, and probably does not extend into the forest interior (N. Locke, pers. comm. and pers. obs.). C. penicillata also prefers disturbed or fragmented forest and forest edges (Rylands and Faria 1993, Bicca-Marques et al. 2006), and perhaps my sighting of a breeding group of C. penicillata in M. Patrikeev. 2011. Callithrix penicillata in Reserva Ecológica de Guapiaçu, Rio de Janeiro Page 2 mature forest is an isolated occurrence. However, this also may signal C. penicillata expansion into the interior forest and to higher elevations along Rio Gato corridor. Although C. aurita has not yet been reported from REGUA, it may occur in the higher, inaccessible parts of the reserve and adjacent parts of Parque Estadual dos Três Picos (the nearest population of C. aurita is only 25-30 km away, in Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos, Rylands et al. 2008). Regardless of C. aurita presence in this area C. penicillata is not a welcome addition to the fauna of REGUA and Três Picos. Ruiz-Miranda et al. (2011) discussed management of introduced Callithrix populations via removal or sterilization. A project to sterilize males (through vasectomy) was tested in the São João basin, and resulted in no new births in 4 out of 6 groups under observation (Ruiz-Miranda et al. 2011). However, to effectively control the introduced populations of marmosets Ruiz-Miranda et al. (2011) suggest sterilization of up to 80% of all males, making such undertaking costly and logistically difficult. Because of this, removal with possibly euthanasia of C. jacchus and C. penicillata is being considered in areas where these species and their hybrids pose immediate risk to the threatened C. auratus and Leontopithecus rosalia (C. Hollanda-Rangel, pers. comm.). Acknowledgements Nickolas and Raquel Locke, Jorge Bizzaro, Leonardo Pimentel, Fiona Reid, Regina Ribeiro, Cristiane Hollanda Rangel, Fabio Olmos, Jack Eitniear, Alan Martin, Lee Dingain, and InfoNatura. Literature Cited Bicca-Marques, J. C., V. M. da Silva, and D. F. Gomes. 2006. Capítulo 05 –Ordem Primates. In Mamíferos do Brasil (N. R. Reis, A. Peracchi, W. Pedro, and I. Lima, eds.). Londrina, Paraná. Coimbra-Filho, A. F. 1984. Situação atual dos calitriquídeos que ocorrem no Brasil (Callitrichidae- Primates). In A Primatologia no Brasil (M. T. de Mello, ed.), pp. 15-33. Sociedade Brasileira de Primatologia, Brasília, Brazil. Coimbra-Filho, A. F. 1991. Apontamentos sobre Callithrix aurita (E. Geoffroyi, 1812), um sagüi pouco conhecido (Callitrichidae, Primates). In A Primatologia no Brasil-3 (A. B. Rylands, and A. T. Bernardes, eds.), pp. 145-158. Fundação Biodiversitas and Sociedade Brasileira de Primatologia, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Coimbra-Filho, A. F., R. A. Mittermeier, A. B. Rylands, S. L. Mendes, M. C. M. Kierulff, and L. P. de S. Pinto. 2006. The taxonomic status of Wied’s Black-tufted-ear Marmoset, Callithrix kuhlii (Callitrichidae, Primates). Primate Conservation 2006 (21): 1-24. M. Patrikeev. 2011. Callithrix penicillata in Reserva Ecológica de Guapiaçu, Rio de Janeiro Page 3 Coimbra-Filho, A. F., A, Pissinatti, and A. B. Rylands. 1993. Experimental multiple hybridism among Callithrix species from eastern Brazil. In Marmosets and Tamarins: Systematics, Behaviour, and Ecology (A. B. Rylands, ed.), pp. 95-120. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK. Eisenberg, J. K., and K.
Recommended publications
  • Neural Nets Different Individuals: Its Own Germ Rondoni), Buffy Tuft-Eared Marmoset Cells As Well As Those of Its Sibling

    Neural Nets Different Individuals: Its Own Germ Rondoni), Buffy Tuft-Eared Marmoset Cells As Well As Those of Its Sibling

    Current Biology Magazine an individual animal may contain bare-ear marmoset (Mico leucippe), Primer reproduction-competent germ cells black-crowned dwarf marmoset (Mico in its gonads from two genetically humilis), Rondon’s marmoset (Mico Neural nets different individuals: its own germ rondoni), buffy tuft-eared marmoset cells as well as those of its sibling. (Callithrix aurita) and black-headed Hence, their offspring may not marmoset (Callithrix nigriceps) are at Andreas Hejnol and Fabian Rentzsch be the genetic descendant of the vulnerable status in the International physiological parents. Union for Conservation of Nature “The nerve-net of the lower animals (IUCN) red list of threatened species contains the germ out of which has Does chimerism affect parental (http://www.iucnredlist.org/search). grown the central nervous systems of care? Chimerism has been noted to The buffy-headed marmoset (Callithrix the higher forms.” affect parental care especially male fl aviceps) is listed as an endangered — G.H. Parker: The Elementary parental care. It has been observed species by IUCN. Habitat destruction Nervous System, 1919 that fathers provide signifi cantly due to human encroachment as higher care to chimeric infants than well as the pet trade are among the Although modern evolutionary biology non-chimeric infants. major threats for extinction of these has abandoned the use of ‘lower’ or marmoset species. ‘higher’ for animals, the quote of G.H. Baby marmosets benefi t from male Parker captures quite well the current parental and alloparental care, Where I can fi nd out more? understanding of the nerve net as the what do genetics say? Very recently, Aeckerle, N., Drummer, C., Debowski, K., evolutionarily oldest organization of Viebahn, C., and Behr, R.
  • Marmoset (Callithrix Jacchus)

    Marmoset (Callithrix Jacchus)

    THE USE OF TRANSABDOMINAL PALPATION TO DETERMINE THE COURSE OF PREGNANCY IN THE MARMOSET (CALLITHRIX JACCHUS) I. R. PHILLIPS and SUE M. GRIST Royal College of Surgeons of England, Research Establishment, Downe, Orpington, Kent (Received 2nd September 1974) Summary. Transabdominal palpation was used to determine maturity, course of pregnancy and post-partum changes in marmosets throughout seventy-four full-term pregnancies. The accuracy of the technique is compared with that ofother methods ofstudying the course ofpregnancy in this species. INTRODUCTION Several workers have reported the use of the marmosets (F. Callithricidae) in biomedicai research (Levy & Artecona, 1964; Hampton, Hampton & Land¬ wehr, 1966; Deinhardt, Devine, Passovoy, Pohlman & Deinhardt, 1967; Gengozian, 1969; Epple, 1970; Poswillo, Hamilton & Sopher, 1972). The mem¬ bers of this family are unusual in that they exhibit neither the menstrual cycle of other primates, nor the obvious oestrous cycle of other mammals. Preslock, Hampton & Hampton (1973) demonstrated a mean reproductive cycle of 15-5+1-5 days in Saguinus oedipus. Hearn & Lunn (1975) determined a mean cycle of 16-4+1 -7 days for Callithrix jacchus. The exact day during the reproduc¬ tive cycle on which ovulation occurs has not been determined. Under optimum conditions of husbandry and nutrition, marmosets are ex¬ ceptionally prolific breeders with no sign of a breeding season in captivity (Grist, 1975; Phillips, 1975). They are best maintained as monogamous pairs for breed¬ ing purposes. Although the female marmoset has a simplex uterus, the vast majority of conceptions result in twins, with occasional triplets or singletons. The literature relating to the precise duration of pregnancy in C.
  • 02111212 Population Trends and Conservation Status of Mico Marcai in Aripuanã River Basin, Amazon, Brazil

    02111212 Population Trends and Conservation Status of Mico Marcai in Aripuanã River Basin, Amazon, Brazil

    02111212_Population Trends and Conservation Status of Mico marcai in Aripuanã River Basin, Amazon, Brazil Brazil – Latin America – Amazon FINAL REPORT Felipe Ennes Silva – [email protected] Rodrigo Costa Araújo – [email protected] Hermano Gomes Lopes Nunes - [email protected] Address: Estrada da Bexiga, 2584 – Bairro Fonte Boa, CEP 69470-000 Tefé, Amazonas, Brazil November, 15, 2014 Table of Contents Section 1 Summary……….……………………………………………………………2 Introduction…………………………………………………………………2 Project Members………………………………………………………….…5 Section 2 Aim and Objectives……………………………..………………………….5 Methodology………………………………………………………………..6 Outputs and Results………………………………………………………..7 Achievements and Impacts……………………………………………….13 Section 3 Conclusion………………..……………………………………………….14 Problems encountered and lessons learned……………………………..15 In the future………………………………………………………………16 Section 4 References….……………………………………………………………...17 Appendices………………………………………………………………..20 1 Section 1: Summary The Marca’s marmoset (Mico marcai) was described in 1993, based in three skins collected during the Scientific Expedition Roosevelt-Rondon in 1914 (Alperin 1993; 2002). Those skins were the only register of the species. Our objective was to confirm the Marca’s marmoset existence on nature, make the first evaluation of its occurrence and distribution and to identify the potential threats. In 2013 and 2014, five expeditions were conducted on the Marmelos–Aripuanã and Madeira–Guariba interfluves (07°09'01"S - 7°48'10"S, 60°41'06"W 60°59'12"W) totalizing 63 days of field work. We conducted interviews with local people and visited 22 localities where we sighted Mico marcai in 18 occasions. Other twelve primate taxa were registered. Our records of Mico chrysoleucus and Callibella humilis extend the distributions in their south limit. A new species of Callicebus was found in Roosevelt-Guariba interfluves. Introduction In the last decade, more than 1200 new species of plants and vertebrates have been described in Amazon Rainforest (WWF 2010).
  • Controlled Animals

    Controlled Animals

    Environment and Sustainable Resource Development Fish and Wildlife Policy Division Controlled Animals Wildlife Regulation, Schedule 5, Part 1-4: Controlled Animals Subject to the Wildlife Act, a person must not be in possession of a wildlife or controlled animal unless authorized by a permit to do so, the animal was lawfully acquired, was lawfully exported from a jurisdiction outside of Alberta and was lawfully imported into Alberta. NOTES: 1 Animals listed in this Schedule, as a general rule, are described in the left hand column by reference to common or descriptive names and in the right hand column by reference to scientific names. But, in the event of any conflict as to the kind of animals that are listed, a scientific name in the right hand column prevails over the corresponding common or descriptive name in the left hand column. 2 Also included in this Schedule is any animal that is the hybrid offspring resulting from the crossing, whether before or after the commencement of this Schedule, of 2 animals at least one of which is or was an animal of a kind that is a controlled animal by virtue of this Schedule. 3 This Schedule excludes all wildlife animals, and therefore if a wildlife animal would, but for this Note, be included in this Schedule, it is hereby excluded from being a controlled animal. Part 1 Mammals (Class Mammalia) 1. AMERICAN OPOSSUMS (Family Didelphidae) Virginia Opossum Didelphis virginiana 2. SHREWS (Family Soricidae) Long-tailed Shrews Genus Sorex Arboreal Brown-toothed Shrew Episoriculus macrurus North American Least Shrew Cryptotis parva Old World Water Shrews Genus Neomys Ussuri White-toothed Shrew Crocidura lasiura Greater White-toothed Shrew Crocidura russula Siberian Shrew Crocidura sibirica Piebald Shrew Diplomesodon pulchellum 3.
  • Range Extension of the Vulnerable Dwarf Marmoset, Callibella Humilis (Roosmalen Et Al

    Range Extension of the Vulnerable Dwarf Marmoset, Callibella Humilis (Roosmalen Et Al

    See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/256101683 Range extension of the vulnerable dwarf marmoset, Callibella humilis (Roosmalen et al. 1998), and first analysis of its long call structure Article in Primates · August 2013 DOI: 10.1007/s10329-013-0381-3 · Source: PubMed CITATIONS READS 5 154 3 authors, including: Guilherme Siniciato Terra Garbino Federal University of Minas Gerais 44 PUBLICATIONS 208 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Escalas de Distribuição de Morcegos Amazônicos View project Revisões filogenia e taxonomia de morcegos neotropicais View project All content following this page was uploaded by Guilherme Siniciato Terra Garbino on 05 February 2014. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Primates (2013) 54:331–334 DOI 10.1007/s10329-013-0381-3 NEWS AND PERSPECTIVES Range extension of the vulnerable dwarf marmoset, Callibella humilis (Roosmalen et al. 1998), and first analysis of its long call structure G. S. T. Garbino • F. E. Silva • B. J. W. Davis Received: 4 April 2013 / Accepted: 2 August 2013 / Published online: 22 August 2013 Ó Japan Monkey Centre and Springer Japan 2013 Abstract We present two new records for the vulnerable Introduction dwarf marmoset, Callibella humilis. The first record, based on observed and photographed individuals, is from a The dwarf marmoset Callibella humilis is currently known campinarana area on the left (west) bank of the Rio Ma- from 12 localities in the lower reaches of the Madeira— deirinha, a left (west)-bank tributary of the Rio Roosevelt Aripuana˜ interfluvium of the southwestern-central Brazil- in the state of Amazonas, municipality of Novo Aripuana˜ ian Amazonia (Roosmalen and Roosmalen 2003).
  • Goeldi's Monkey

    Goeldi's Monkey

    Goeldi’s Monkey (Callimico) Callimico goeldii Class: Mammalia Order: Primates Family: Callitrichidae Characteristics: Goeldi’s monkeys are very small primates. They are approximately the size of a squirrel. These monkeys are very dark in color, ranging in shades of black and brown. They have a mane-like appearance with longer fur near the head and neck. The Goeldi’s monkeys have claws on all of their digits except the second. These small primates weigh only 22oz on average. They have a body length that is in the range of 8-12 inches. The non-prehensile tail is usually longer than the body. (Primate Info Net) Behavior: The Goeldi’s monkey lives in small family groups usually consisting of a breeding pair and other family members. These groups will Range & Habitat: Upper Amazonian rainforests of grow up to 10 individuals in size. They are very social animals and will southern Colombia, eastern spend a great deal of time grooming and communicating with Ecuador and Peru, western Brazil, vocalizations, scent, facial, and body language. (Animal Diversity) This and northern Bolivia. monkey forages in the understory of the forest and rarely goes up into the canopy. They are very agile and can leap up to 13 feet between branches! (Arkive) Reproduction: In the wild, mating occurs during the wet season of September through November. Females have a gestation of 145-152 days. The female will give birth to a single young twice a year. The mother will care for the newborn for 10-20 days, then the rest of the family group will assist the mother.
  • Feeding Behavior of the Black-Tufted-Ear Marmoset (Callithrix Penicillata) (Primata, Callitrichidae) in a Tropical Cerrado Savan

    Feeding Behavior of the Black-Tufted-Ear Marmoset (Callithrix Penicillata) (Primata, Callitrichidae) in a Tropical Cerrado Savan

    1 Feeding Behavior of the Black-Tufted-ear Marmoset Callithrix( penicillata) (Primata, Callitrichidae) in a Tropical Cerrado Savanna by Andréa Andrade Vilela1 & Kleber Del-Claro2* ABSTRACT We characterized the diet of a population of the marmoset Callithrix pen- icillata in a cerrado fragment in SE Brazil. A transect was used to follow the group weekly during one year, registering life area and feeding behavior. A total of 67 hours of life area and 51 hours of feeding behavior observations were completed. The marmosets used an area of 6.85 ha with population density of 2.04 individuals/ha and the group composition varied between 10 to 14 individuals. The animals fed on 23 distinct tree species, eating fruit, buds, flowers, leaves, young stems, resin, ants, termites and bird eggs, with differ- ences in feeding habits between the dry and wet seasons. Our results showed that even in severely disturbed areas, marmosets may not only survive but also maintain a good reproductive capacity. This ability is due to their behavioral plasticity and indicates this species as an interesting social mammal to assist future projects of conservation in fragmented areas of tropical savanna. Key-Words: marmoset; diet; fragmentation; tropical savanna. INTRODUCTION The Neotropical primates are limited to arboreal life and are currently a species endangered by the effects of habitat fragmentation (Blomquistet al. 2009; Arroyo-Rodrigues & Dias 2010), which is commonly pointed out as the severest negative action of human beings on terrestrial ecosystems (Metzger 2006). Loss of habitat area causes direct changes in structure, reduc- ing vegetation abundance and diversity (Primack & Rodrigues 2005), and 1 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação dos Recursos Naturais, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
  • Brazil North-Eastern Mega Birding Tour 21St September to 12Th October 2017 (22 Days) Trip Report

    Brazil North-Eastern Mega Birding Tour 21St September to 12Th October 2017 (22 Days) Trip Report

    Brazil North-eastern Mega Birding Tour 21st September to 12th October 2017 (22 Days) Trip Report Grey-breasted Parakeet by Colin Valentine Trip Report Compiled by Tour Leader, Keith Valentine Rockjumper Birding Tours | Brazil www.rockjumperbirding.com Trip Report – RBL Brazil - North-eastern Mega 2017 2 Simply put, our recently-completed tour of NE Brazil was phenomenal! Our success rate with the region’s most wanted birds was particularly good, and we also amassed an exceptional 103 endemics in the process, which few tours have ever been able to replicate in the past. This was all achieved in just 22 days, which gives an excellent indication of just how good our itinerary is. There are few other tours on the planet that offer the number of threatened, endangered and critically endangered species as NE Brazil. We were sublimely successful in our quest for these, as we enjoyed magnificent encounters with Araripe Manakin, Lear’s Macaw, Grey-breasted, White-eared, Golden-capped and Ochre- marked Parakeets, White-collared Kite, Pink-legged Graveteiro, Hooded Visorbearer, Banded and White-winged Cotingas, White- browed Guan, Red-browed Amazon, Alagoas, Orange-bellied, Pectoral, Sincora, Bahia, Band-tailed and Narrow-billed Antwrens, Slender, Rio de Janeiro and Scalloped Antbirds, Seven-colored Tanager, Minas Gerais, Alagoas and Bahia Tyrannulets, Buff- breasted and Fork-tailed Tody-Tyrants, Bahia Spinetail, Fringe- backed Fire-eye, Hook-billed Hermit, Striated Softtail, Plumbeous Antvireo, White-browed Antpitta, Black-headed Berryeater, Wied’s Tyrant-Manakin, Diamantina Tapaculo, Buff-throated Purpletuft, Black-headed Berryeater by Serra Finch and many others. Colin Valentine Our 22-day adventure began with a short drive east of Fortaleza to the coastal region of Icapui, where our target birds – Little Wood and Mangrove Rails – gave themselves up easily and provided saturation views.
  • The Common Marmoset in Captivity and Biomedical Research 477 Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc

    The Common Marmoset in Captivity and Biomedical Research 477 Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc

    CHAPTER 26 The Marmoset as a Model in Behavioral Neuroscience and Psychiatric Research Jeffrey A. French Neuroscience Program and Callitrichid Research Center, University of Nebraska at Omaha, NE, United States INTRODUCTION top-down as well as bottom-up regulation of affect and emotion. Finally, the changes in NHP brain struc- In its mission statement, the US National Institutes of ture and function can facilitate the mediation of chal- Health provides a clear statement of its focus: “. to seek lenges associated with group living, including fundamental knowledge about the nature and behavior aggression, affiliation, and the establishment and main- of living systems and the application of that knowledge tenance of long-term complex social relationships that to enhance health, lengthen life, and reduce illness and distinguish these species from nonprimate animals [5]. disability” [emphasis added, www.nih.gov/about-nih/ what-we-do/mission-goals, 2015). Disorders associated with brain or behavioral dysfunction represent the lead- The Utility of Marmosets in Behavioral Models ing disease burden and highest source of lifetime years in Neuroscience and Psychiatric Research living with disability on a global basis (YLD: [1]) and together these disorders represent one of the leading From the perspective of a biomedically oriented contributors to disease-associated mortality worldwide focus, research on behavioral states (both normative [2]. Clearly, then, there is a premium on understanding and atypical) is of interest to the extent that it can pro- both normative behavioral states and their relationship vide useful information regarding the developmental to brain function and the nature of brain dysfunction factors that lead to normative neuropsychological func- as is relates to pathological behavioral states.
  • Behavioral and Ecological Interactions Between Reintroduced Golden

    Behavioral and Ecological Interactions Between Reintroduced Golden

    99 Vol. 49, n. 1 : pp. 99-109, January 2006 ISSN 1516-8913 Printed in Brazil BRAZILIAN ARCHIVES OF BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL Behavioral and Ecological Interactions between Reintroduced Golden Lion Tamarins ( Leontopithecus rosalia Linnaeus, 1766) and Introduced Marmosets ( Callithrix spp, Linnaeus, 1758) in Brazil’s Atlantic Coast Forest Fragments Carlos Ramon Ruiz-Miranda 1,2*, Adriana Gomes Affonso 1, Marcio Marcelo de Morais 1,2 , Carlos Eduardo Verona 1, Andreia Martins 2 and Benjamin Beck 3 1Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais; Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense; Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000; Horto; 28013-600; Campos dos Goytacazes - RJ - Brasil. 2Associação Mico Leão Dourado; C. P. 109968; 28860- 970; Casimiro de Abreu - RJ - Brasil. 3Department of Conservation Biology; National Zoological Park; Smithsonian Institution; 20008; Washington, DC - EUA ABSTRACT Marmosets (Callithrix spp.) have been introduced widely in areas within Rio de Janeiro state assigned for the reintroduction of the endangered golden lion tamarin (Leontopithecus rosalia ). The objetives of this study were to estimate the marmoset (CM) population in two fragments with reintroduced golden lion tamarin to quantify the association and characterize the interactions between species. The CM population density (0,09 ind/ha) was higher than that of the golden lion tamarin (0,06 ind/ha). The mean association index between tamarins and marmosets varied among groups and seasons (winter=62% and summer=35%). During the winter, competition resulted in increases in territorial and foraging behavior when associated with marmosets. Evidence of benefits during the summer was reduced adult vigilance while associated to marmosets. Golden lion tamarins were also observed feeding on gums obtained from tree gouges made by the marmosets.
  • Feeding and Nutrition of the Geoffroy's Marmoset

    Feeding and Nutrition of the Geoffroy's Marmoset

    WHAT WE KNOW Where they live: Southeastern Brazil Tropical, Rainforest Inhabit secondary lowlands, evergreen, and semi-deciduous forests, forest edge and dry forest patches. Typically live at elevations between 1600 – 2300 feet but can be found as high as 2600 feet. Arboreal Rowe, 1996; Rylands and Mendes, 2008 WHAT WE KNOW Social Behavior: Live in family groups, up to 8-10 individuals Usually monogamous, only dominate male and female typically breed Groups are usually comprised of a breeding pair and their offspring Daughters are usually reproductively suppressed Wakenshaw, 1999 WHAT WE KNOW Wild diet: Anatomical and behavioral adaptations for tree- gouging Able to gouge into tree trunks, branches, and vines to obtain gum Eat plant gums, insects and fruit Also eat flowers, nectar, frogs, snails, lizards, and spiders. Passamani & Ryland, 2000; Passamani, 1998; Rowe, 1996; Rylands and Mendes, 2008 IN THE WILD Passamani & Ryland, 2000 One year study, that included 9,013 observations of which 1848 were of feeding Group sized varied from 3 – 5. 68.6% of all feeding observations were gums 15% fruit 14.6% invertebrates 0.8% small vertebrates 1% unidentified FEEDING CHOICES IN THE WILD Animals eat gum and insects year around During the wet season, Dec & Jan, selection of fruit greatly increases (43% of feeding observations) but animals continue to consume gums and insects Passamani & Ryland, 2000 IMPORTANT KEY POINTS FOR APPROPRIATELY FEEDING CAPTIVE GEOFFROY’S MARMOSETS 1. Fruit will be preferentially consumed when available 2. Wild marmosets use their teeth to gouge or gnaw holes in trees and vines for gum 3. Animals are usually monogamous and the breeding pair are dominant 4.
  • Pest Risk Assessment

    Pest Risk Assessment

    PEST RISK ASSESSMENT Common Marmoset Callithrix jacchus Photo: Raimond Spekking. Image from Wikimedia Commons under a GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2) August 2011 Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment Resource Management and Conservation Division Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment 2011 Information in this publication may be reproduced provided that any extracts are acknowledged. This publication should be cited as: DPIPWE (2011) Pest Risk Assessment: Common Marmoset (Callithrix jacchus). Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment. Hobart, Tasmania. About this Pest Risk Assessment This pest risk assessment is developed in accordance with the Policy and Procedures for the Import, Movement and Keeping of Vertebrate Wildlife in Tasmania (DPIPWE 2011). The policy and procedures set out conditions and restrictions for the importation of controlled animals pursuant to S32 of the Nature Conservation Act 2002. This pest risk assessment is prepared by DPIPWE for the use within the Department. For more information about this Pest Risk Assessment, please contact: Wildlife Management Branch Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment Address: GPO Box 44, Hobart, TAS. 7001, Australia. Phone: 1300 386 550 Email: [email protected] Visit: www.dpipwe.tas.gov.au Disclaimer The information provided in this Pest Risk Assessment is provided in good faith. The Crown, its officers, employees and agents do not accept liability however arising, including liability for negligence, for any loss resulting from the use of or reliance upon the information in this Pest Risk Assessment and/or reliance on its availability at any time. Pest Risk Assessment: Common Marmoset Callithrix jacchus 2/17 1.