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Ella Fitzgerald Contents Chapter 7: Latin Jazz—Tito Puente . 31 JAZZ GREAT—Tito Puente . 31 Introduction. .3 Tito Puente Teaching Suggestions . 31 Elements of Jazz . .4 Latin Jazz . 31 How to Use This Book . .4 Movement and Dance . 32 Free Dance . 32 Chapter 1: Scatting—Ella Fitzgerald. .5 Structured Dance—The Mambo . 33 JAZZ GREAT—Ella Fitzgerald . .5 Exercising to Recorded Music. 33 Ella Fitzgerald Teaching Suggestions . .5 Mambo Art: Drawing and Painting The Poem . .6 to Recorded Music . 34 Ella Fitzgerald Sang Bop Boo Day. .6 Craft Project: Make Percussion Instruments . 34 Adding the Scat Section. .7 Syncopation . .7 Chapter 8: The Blues—Taj Majal . 36 Talking Scats . .8 Taj Majal Teaching Suggestions . 36 Singing Scats . .8 The Funky Bluesy ABCs . 36 Ella Fitzgerald Sang Bop Boo Day. .8 About the Blues . 37 Ella Chant. .9 The Blues—Teaching Suggestions . 37 Ella Rhythm Chant . 10 “What Did You Have For Breakfast?” . 37 Animal Blues . 38 Chapter 2: Bebop—Charlie Parker . 11 The Talking Blues . 39 JAZZ GREAT—Charles “Yardbird” Parker . 11 Miss My Mama Blues . 40 Charlie Parker Teaching Suggestions . 11 Bebop. 11 Chapter 9: Jazz Poetry . 41 Charlie Parker Played Bebop . 12 Children’s Poet Eve Merriam . 41 Charlie Parker Played Bebop Riff . 13 Eve Merriam Teaching Suggestions . 41 Charlie Parker Riff Accompaniment . 14 The Poem . 41 Using Pitched Instruments for the Question . 43 Chapter 3: Cool Jazz—Miles Davis . 15 Scat Section—Echo . 45 JAZZ GREAT—Miles Davis . 15 Putting it All Together! . 45 Miles Davis Teaching Suggestions . 15 Extensions Into Other Curriculum Areas . 46 Cool Jazz . 15 Cooking. 46 So What. 16 The Lyrics . 16 Chapter 10: A Jazz Festival in Your School or Community . 47 Chapter 4: Dixieland—Louis Armstrong . 19 Planning . 47 JAZZ GREAT—Louis “Satchmo” Armstrong . 19 Preparation . 47 Louis Armstrong Teaching Suggestions . 19 Before the Festival Begins . 47 Dixieland . 19 During the Festival . 48 Let’s Have a Parade . 21 Ending the Festival with a Culminating Event . 48 After the Festival . 48 Chapter 5: Swing and Big Band—Duke Ellington . 23 A Sample Schedule of Events from a JAZZ GREAT—Edward Kennedy Jazz Festival in a Preschool . 48 “Duke” Ellington . 23 Duke Ellington Teaching Suggestion . 23 Appendix . 49 Swing and the Big Band Era. 23 Division of Rhythmic Values . 49 Take a Train . 24 Measure or Bar . 49 Billy Strayhorn . 24 Tempo . 49 Jazzy Train Collaborative Art Project . 26 Meter . 49 Time Signatures . 50 Chapter 6: Swing—Benny Goodman . 27 Jazz Terminology . 50 JAZZ GREAT—Benny Goodman . 27 Scat . 50 Benny Goodman Teaching Suggestions . 27 A Little Scat History . 50 Swing and the Big Band Era. 27 Syncopation . 50 Movement and Dance to Recorded Music . 28 Swing . 51 Free Dance . 28 Swing Music vs. Swing Feel . 51 Exercising to Recorded Music. 28 The Swing Style . 51 Adding Recorded Music and Swing Dance . 51 Movement to Literature . 29 The Blues . 51 Drawing and Painting to Recorded Music Standard Blues Form with Bass Note . 51 Jackson Pollock . 29 Listening Lists . 52 2 JAZZ MOSAIC Scatting — Ella Fitzgerald “The only thing better than singing is more singing.” attributed to Ella Fitzgerald JAZZ GREAT—Ella Fitzgerald (1917–1996) Ella Fitzgerald was born in Newport News, Virginia on April 25, 1917. Shortly after her birth her family moved to Yonkers, New York. Ella was an excellent student and enjoyed school. But what Ella loved to do most was to dance and sing. She often danced on the sidewalk for her friends. Ella imagined that the sidewalk was her stage. On November 21, 1934, at the age of 17, Ella entered a talent contest at the Apollo Theater in Harlem, New York. She had wanted to dance at the talent contest. However, when Ella arrived at the theater, she was discouraged. All of the other dancers were dressed quite stylishly and she was embarrassed by her appearance. She was wearing old clothes that had been handed down to her. So, at the last minute she changed her mind and decided to sing. It was a good decision. The crowd loved her and she won Ä rst prize that night at the Apollo Theater Talent Contest! Ella’s Ä rst big hit was “A Tisket, A Tasket” with the Chick Webb Orchestra. Ella went on to become one of the world’s most famous jazz singers. She sold over 40 million albums and won 13 Grammy awards. One of her most famous songs was “Take the A Train.” Ella was well-known for her vocal improvisations. She learned how to make her voice sound like an instrument by using made up word-sounds. We call this scatting. In fact, Ella was known as the “Queen of Scat.” One of Ella’s biggest idols was Louis Armstrong who is often credited with having invented scat. Both Louis and Ella inÅ uenced many other singers. For more on Louis Armstrong, go to Chapter 4. For a list of other scat singers, please go to the Appendix. Ella Fitzgerald Teaching Suggestions Tell the class a little bit about Ella Fitzgerald. Be sure to mention: • Ella was born in Virginia but grew up Yonkers, New York. • She loved to dance and sing and often pretended that the sidewalk was her stage. • On November 21, 1934, at the age of 17, Ella won a talent contest at the Apollo Theater in Harlem, New York. She had planned on dancing but was intimidated by the stylish clothing of the other dancers and at the last minute, decided to sing instead. • Her Ä rst big hit was “A Tisket, A Tasket” with the Chick Webb Orchestra. • “Take the A Train” was one of her biggest hits. • She was well known for her scatting (vocal improvisation). Note to Teachers: Children are introduced to Ella Fitzgerald’s love of scatting and her unforgettable voice through the simple poem below. It references the “A” train, a famous subway in New York City. The “A” Train travels through Harlem, home to the Apollo Theater where Ella entered the talent contest. Ella undoubtedly rode this train. Jazz Activities for the Early Childhood Classroom 5 The Poem Materials needed • Ella Fitzgerald Sang Bop Boo Day, Track #3 on CD. • Words to the poem on the CD. Ella Fitzgerald sang bop boo day. Her Beboppin’ voice is here to stay. She bopped along the track on a train called A, And Ella Fitzgerald Sang Bop Boo day. Procedure • Listen to Track #3 with the children. • Recite the entire poem and have children echo back line by line. Teacher: Ella Fitzgerald sang bop boo day Class: Ella Fitzgerald sang bop boo day Teacher: Her beboppin’ voice is here to stay Class: Her beboppin’ voice is here to stay Teacher: She bopped along the track on a train called A Class: She bopped along the track on a train called A Teacher: And Ella Fitzgerald sang bop boo day Class: And Ella Fitzgerald sang bop boo day Ella Fitzgerald Sang Bop Boo Day Lousie Rogers Swing j &44 ¿ ¿ ¿¿¿ ¿ ¿¿¿ ¿ ‰ ¿ El--- la Fitz ger ald sang bop boo day, Her 3 j & ¿ ¿ ¿ ¿ ¿ ¿¿¿ ¿ ‰ ¿ ¿ ¿ ¿ ¿ ¿¿¿ be-- bop pin’ voice is here to stay. She bopped a- long the track on a j & ¿¿¿ ¿ ‰ ¿ ¿ ¿ ¿¿¿ ¿ ¿¿¿ ¿ Œ train called “A” And El--- la Fitz ger ald sang bop boo day. 6 JAZZ MOSAIC.
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