FAMILY INDEX

SHARKS RAYS

ALOPIIDAE p. 33–35 DASYATIDAE p. 69 CARCHARHINIDAE p. 45–61 MOBULIDAE p. 62–67 CETORHINIDAE p. 37 RHINOPTERIDAE p. 68 DALATIIDAE p. 26–27 HEXANCHIDAE p. 24 LAMNIDAE p. 38–41 MEGACHASMIDAE p. 42 ODONTASPIDIDAE p. 44 PSEUDOCARCHARIIDAE p. 43 RHINCODONTIDAE p. 36 SOMNIOSIDAE p. 25 SPHYRNIDAE p. 28–31

FAO CODE INDEX

ALS Silvertip shark p. 49 OCS Oceanic whitetip shark p. 48 ALV Thresher shark p. 35 ODH Bigeye sandtiger shark p. 44 AML Grey reef shark p. 51 PLS Pelagic stingray p. 69 BLR Blacktip reef shark p. 59 POR Porbeagle shark p. 39 BRO Bronze whaler p. 52 PSK Crocodile shark p. 43 BSH Blue shark p. 47 PTH Pelagic thresher p. 34 BSK Basking shark p. 37 RHN Whale shark p. 36 BTH Bigeye thresher p. 33 RMA Reef manta p. 63 CCA Bignose shark p. 55 RMB Giant manta p. 62 CCB Spinner shark p. 60 RMK Shortfin devilray p. 67 CCE Bull shark p. 58 RMM Giant devilray p. 65 CCG Galapagos shark p. 56 RMO Bentfin devilray p. 66 CCL Common blacktip shark p. 61 RMT Chilean devilray p. 64 CCP Sandbar shark p. 54 SCK Black shark p. 27 DUS Dusky shark p. 57 SMA Shortfin mako shark p. 40 EUB Winghead shark p. 28 SPK Great hammerhead p. 31 FAL Silky shark p. 53 SPL Scalloped hammerhead p. 30 HXT Bluntnose sixgill shark p. 24 SPZ Smooth hammerhead p. 29 ISB Cookie-cutter shark p. 26 SSQ Velvet dogfish p. 25 LMA Longfin mako shark p. 41 TIG Tiger shark p. 46 LMP Megamouth shark p. 42 TRB White tip reef shark p. 45 MRJ Javan cownose ray p. 68 WSH Great white shark p. 38 Indexes 78 SPECIES INDEX Isistius brasiliensis Hexanchus griseus Grey reef shark Great white shark Great hammerhead Giant manta Giant devilray Galeocerdo cuvier shark Galapagos Eusphyra blochii shark Dusky licha Dalatias Crocodile shark shark Cookie-cutter Common blacktip shark Chilean devilray Cetorhinus maximus Carcharodon carcharias Carcharhinus plumbeus Carcharhinus obscurus Carcharhinus melanopterus Carcharhinus longimanus Carcharhinus limbatus Carcharhinus leucas Carcharhinus galapagensis Carcharhinus falciformis Carcharhinus brevipinna Carcharhinus brachyurus Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos Carcharhinus altimus Carcharhinus albimarginatus Bull shark Bronze whaler Bluntnose sixgill shark Blue shark Blacktip reef shark Black shark Bignose shark Bigeye thresher Bigeye sandtigershark Bentfin devilray shark Basking Alopias vulpinus Alopias superciliosus Alopias pelagicu s p. 61 p. 64 p. 37 p. 38 p. 54 p. 57 p. 59 p. 48 p. 61 p. 58 p. 56 p. 53 p. 60 p. 52 p. 51 p. 55 p. 49 p. 58 p. 52 p. 24 p. 47 p. 59 p. 27 p. 55 p. 33 p. 44 p. 66 p. 37 p. 35 p. 33 p. 34 p. 26 p. 24 p. 51 p. 38 p. 31 p. 62 p. 65 p. 46 p. 56 p. 28 p. 57 p. 27 p. 43 p. 26 Mobula mobular Mobula kuhlii Mobula birostris Mobula alfredi shark Megamouth Megachasma pelagios Longfin makoshark Lamna nasus shark Kitefin Javan cownose ray Isurus paucus Isurus oxyrinchus Zameus squamulosus Winghead shark White tipreef shark Whale shark Velvet dogfish Triaenodon obesus Tiger shark Thresher shark Spinner shark Sphyrna zygaena Sphyrna mokarran Sphyrna lewini Smooth hammerhead shark Silvertip shark Silky makoshark Shortfin devilray Shortfin hammerhead Scalloped shark Sandbar Rhinoptera javanica typus Rhincodon mantaReef violacea Pteroplatytrygon Pseudocarcharias kamoharai Prionace glauca Porbeagle shark Pelagic thresher Pelagic stingray noronhai Odontaspis Oceanic whitetip shark Mobula thurstoni Mobula tarapacana p. 65 p. 67 p. 62 p. 63 p. 42 p. 42 p. 41 p. 39 p. 27 p. 68 p. 41 p. 40 p. 25 p. 28 p. 45 p. 36 p. 25 p. 45 p. 46 p. 35 p. 60 p. 29 p. 31 p. 30 p. 29 p. 49 p. 53 p. 40 p. 67 p. 30 p. 54 p. 68 p. 36 p. 63 p. 69 p. 43 p. 47 p. 39 p. 34 p. 69 p. 44 p. 48 p. 66 p. 64 79

Indexes Step Glossary 80 snout serrated protrusible posterior mottled lunate lateral interdorsal ridge inconspicuous homocercal heterocercal flank falcate dorsal disc dichotomous denticle convex conspicuous concave bycatch apex anterior ventral terminal subterminal spiracle GLOSSARY region furthest fromregion themedianplane furthest lobes, column withthevertebral passinginto theupperlobe columnthe vertebral passinginto theupperlobe tail or entities fish. placoid scaleofcartilaginous opposite ofconcave opposite ofconvex opposite ofposterior the nostrils the nostrils opposite ofanterior (synonyms: homocercal, crescent shaped) lobes, column withthevertebral passing into theupperlobe part of a shark orray ofashark infront ofthemouthandeyes,part including having ordenotingajaggededge;sawlike capable ofbeingthrustforward, asthetongue backinposition; ofornearer therear orhindend; further withspotsorsmearsofcolourmarked (of thecaudalfin)having more orlessequalupperandlower situated ononesideorotherofthebody, especiallyinthe between thefirstandsecond dorsalfins ofskin a ridge not prominent orreadily noticeable; opposite ofconspicuous (of thecaudalfin)having more orlessequalupperandlower (of thecaudalfin)having unequalupperandlower lobes, with andthehip the sideofbodybetween theribs hooked likeasickle; curved opposite ofventralthe uppersideorbackofbody; (of rays) dorsalorventral excluding bodysurface, headand divided into two mutuallyexclusive groups orcontradictory andrays; ofsharks a small, tooth-like ontheskin structure ofacircle liketheexterior orsphere;having anoutlinecurved visible;oppositeclearly ofinconspicuous liketheinterior ofacirclehaving anoutlinecurved orsphere; speciescaughtfish orothermarine unintentionally pointthe uppermost nearer thefront ofthebody, ornearer to theheadorforepart; the underside of the body; opposite ofdorsal the underside of thebody; at theendofsomething positioned nearbutnotat theend ofsomething respiratory opening external