The Agrarian Vol. 12 No. 1

Clemson University TigerPrints

Agriculture, Forestry and Life Sciences, College Agrarian of

1-1-1953

Clemson University

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Editorial

By JOE O'CAIN GRARIAN Associate Editor

Volume 12 The Clemson Agricultural College Number 1 GOD GIVES MAN William F. Stewart Joe W. O'Cain Ronald M. North

Co-Editor Assoc. Editor Co-Editor FOREST BEAUTIFUL . . L. McCall James P. Flavin W. Joe Cunningham Peter Genesis 2:8-9 Advertising Mgr. Business Mgr. Circulation Mgr.

Jerry Hammett Feature Editor Vance A. Loy News Editor "And the Lord God planted a gar- Harlon E. Joye Jimmy E. Young den eastward in Eden; and there he Departmental Editor Asst. Editor News put the man whom he had formed. Baxter M. Hood Richard C. Hall And out of Asst. Feature Editor Rudolph Kemmerlin the ground made the Photography Jack Trimmier Asst. Departmental Editors Lord God to grow every tree that Ramsey Hawkins is pleasant to the sight, and good for Jackie Sanders Edwin NoUey William E. Byrd food; the tree of life also in the midst Asst. Bus. Mgr. Asst. Cir. Mgr. Asst. Adv. Mgr. of the garden, and the tree of know- Writers Departmental ledge of good and evil." Cecil G. Walters, John B. Stanley, Howard N. Rawl, Harry D. Vildi- bill, W. E. Shelley, Donald B. Dunlap, Pat Fulmer, W. R. Garren, P. D. Dukes AND GIVES HOME TO Advertising Staff CREATURES OF THE WILD J. W. Shealy, Jim Wilson, Robert E. Poston, John Turner, A. D. Owens Ezekiel 31:6

Circulation Staff "All the fowls of heaven made their Jack A. Baiters, Lock McKinnon, E. L. Phillips, W. R. Garren, D. F. nests in his boughs, and under his Holland branches did all beasts of the field Advisors bring forth their young ..." O. E. Goodale T. L. Senn Psalms 104:12

"By them shall the fowls of the THE AGRARIAN—published in November, January, March and May by the undergraduate students in the School of Agriculture heaven have their habitation, which and the Department of Vocational Agricultural Education of the sing among the branches." School of Education. Opinions expressed in this magazine do not necessarily reflect the policy of the School of Agriculture or Clemson College. Advertising rates: one-fourth page, $15.00; one-half page, $28.00; one page $50.00. All correspondence should be addressed to The Agrarian, Clem- son College, Clemson, S. C. COVER No article may be reprinted without permission. Subscription free on request. The cover this month exemplifies the ever-new and fresh love of a boy for a special pet, and on the farm IN THIS ISSUE most boy's best animal friend is the Guest Editrial Page 3 calf. The boy is three year old Mish June Bugs in January Page 5 Barnett of Clemson. Photo by Jack Page The Agrarian Presents 6 Trimmier. We Salute ..._ Page 7 Yardsticks of Chicken as An Egg Factory — Page 8 Winter Care of Livestock Page 10 Down to Earth -- -- Page 11 Horticulture A Great Science Page 12 Soil Conditioners Page 13 Photos in this issue courtesy the Club News -- - - — Page 14 Service and Pre-Forestry at Clemson Page 18 Extension Ramsey Haw- Guilty or Not Guilty - Page 22 kins.

News --— — : Page 24 Gardening Tips - Page 30 Your Trade Mark

For Quality Hybrid Seed See us for your Houshold Needs || FURNITURE, APPLIANCES. CARPET, | Corn Etc. I

Everything | For Farm & Home 1

Buick, Ford Automobiles International Trucks, Sales-Service

Also Wholesale Producers Ard Distributors of Cotton Seed, Wheat, Oats, Soybeans, Tobacco Seed, Les- pedeza and Crotalaria. DENMARK McNAIR'S IMPLEMENT CO., INC. Yield-Tested Seed Co. —Phone 3963— Laurinburg, North Carolina Denmark, S. C.

There s Pay Dirt CLEMSON MEN ARE j ALWAYS WELCOME

Aromatic Tobacco I At

Many Farmers In The Piedmont Section of S. C I J N. C, Ga.. Tenn., and Va. Have Found "PAY DIRT" SEIGLER'S In The Production Of Aromatic Tobacco For Which Southeastern Affords A Ready Market. STEAK HOUSE SOUTHEASTERN A Good Place To Eat Aromatic Tobacco Co.

1628 East River Ext. i Walhalla. S. C. Anderson, South Carolina

innnMniunn::::::::::::i:::];n:::"i:n:;:;ji:n;inniin:n!nn:ii!inin!i!!nn!ii!!nh: TWO THE AGRARIAN GUEST EDITORIAL HATS OFF B. E. GOODALE

The first issue of THE AGRARIAN was pub- to students who have labored so diligently in sell-

lished in December 1938. It was the first maga- ing the advertising space.

zine to be published by Clemson students to serve It is good for students to work together in particular school and disseminate information a creative effort. It is good for the faculty to assist in Agriculture. Student lead- to those interested students in any effort which will develop a spirit Agriculture and the De- ers from the school of of cooperation. AGRARIAN staffs have helped Agricultural Education partment of Vocational build Clemson's School of Agriculture. The AGRA- over have been responsible for THE AGRARIAN RIANS have been strong links in a chain con- has the years. The teamwork of these young men necting the agricultural faculty, students and play better not been applauded like other team alumni, holding them together with common inac- known to sports fans. Only one who has taken terests. tive part in the creation of an issue of a magazine can appreciate the time and work involved. Stu- To the new staff, it would be well to say, dents who have made THE AGRARIAN a true "Hats off to the Past, and Coats off to the Future!" organ of service to thousands of agriculturists New departments, new services, new ideas shoCild have had but one reward, the satisfaction of a job be promoted. Too few people in South Carolina well done. are well informed about Clemson's School of Ag- riculture and Department of Vocational Agricul-

The business staff of THE AGRARIAN has tural Education- You are challenged to "tell the

extra responsibilities because the only income is world" about Clemson. THE AGRARIAN can be from advertisements. The many tens of thousands an organ of publicity so full of good reporting and of AGRARIANS m ailed freejo promote_better ag- editing about Clemson's fiacilities and services ricultural practices have provided a service made that we can point with pride to our part in making possible by advertisers, but tribute should be paid Clemson bigger and better in all ways.

JANUARY 1953 THREE FOUR THE AGRARIAN NEWS and VIEWS

Jyne Bugs in January

By DON DUNLAP Remember the fun we used to have Horticulture '54 is quick acting but does not last long in the summer months tying strings as an insecticide in the soil; Chlor- to June Bugs' legs—then they would Their eggs are laid in rich soil with dane, Aldrin, Dieldrin, and some fly round and round. Entomologists decaying vegetable matter. There is others which cannot be evaluated. now report that these playful in- only one generation of June Bugs sects are destructive and should be every year. Very promising results were ob- of more concern in January than in tained by a demonstration performed For the control of grubs in tobacco June. However these Agricultural recently on J. K. Earle's Dairy Farm beds, entomologists suggest dusting leaders are having a certain measure in Greenville County. Parathion was the bed with one to five pounds of of success and experience in the con- mixed in irrigation water, was ap- 1% Parathion to 100 square feet as trol of these insects. plied on his pasture, and seemed to soon as is damage noted. be very effective in killing the grubs. The grubs tend to emerge from the Maybe you have forgotten the exact Manure piles in the vicinity of soil due to the action of the contact appearance of the June Bug, but a orchards may act as breeding places poison, the presence of water, and brief description might picture the for the beetles and so increase their the fumes from Para'hion. However insect in your mind. It is a large, number in the orchards, 'V shaped this is not a definite answer the somewhat flattened green beetle, with troughs and flower pots have proved to control of the grubs and no recom- the margain of the body bronze to very effective in trapping the larvae. mendations have released. yellow, nearly one inch long and been Ad- Some of the organic poisons used di'ional research is necessary before half as broad. It feeds on the foli- in experiments are Para'hion, which definite conclusions can be reached. age of the peach and also on the peach fruit just before ripening. The adult also feeds on the foliage of other plants and trees, sometimes attacking ears of corn, and fruits and vegetables of the garden. The larvae do considerable damage to the roots of grasses in addition to attacking the roots of vegetables and ornamental plants. Probably tomato and tobacco plant growers and pasture owners have been the most interested in the control of the insect recently.

Before the insect becomes an adult, it goes through a stage called the grub stage. During the winter months the grubs burrow deep into the soil; in the spring they come closer to the surface of the soil and continue development by feeding mainly on decaying vegetable matter. During heavy rains they tend to come to the surface of the ground. The grubs become full grown by midspring, change in an eathern cell in the ground to the pupal stage, and in July and August emerge as beetles. Excessive moisture brings grubs to the soil surface.

JANUARY 1953 FIVE The Agrarian Presents:

Dr. John B. Whitney, Jr

By HARRY VILDffilLL

deeper into the mysteries of the plant world. Finally, Dr. Whitney emerged with three degrees—B. S., M. Botanist S., and Ph. D. In 1941 the war had begun in Europe. America's supplies of Euro- pean materials were cut off and there Scientist became a greater need for substi- tutes. Dr. Whitney joined the research staff at the Eucusta Paper Company in Brevard, North Carolina. Educator Here he was plant physiologist, finding flax plants from which a linen paper could be made directly, instead of from linen rags as was form- ally done. Since our linen supplies From farm boy to botanist, Dr. were cut off from Europe, a substi- John Whitney of Clemson CoUege is Dr. Jchn B. Whitney tute way of making this paper had now at Oak Ridge, Tennessee, study- to be found. The whole cigarette ing the application of Atomic Science was on the track team, and during industry depended upon it. Dr. Whit- to Agriculture. This new field of the last two years he played foot- ney got to work. American farms al- science has opened another door for ball. ready grew flax, not for making linen the botanists to learn more about as there was no linen industry in mineral absorption and utilization in Following this period of schooling. America, but for making linseed oil. plants through the use of radio active Jack entered the University of Geor- The oil was pressed out of the seed, elements which can be traced wher- gia, majoring in Botany, and becom- but the straw was left in the fields. ever they go. Dr. Whitney was bom ing an honor student. He was inter- Was it this straw, a by-product of in Augusta, Georgia, in 1916. He ested in dramatics, debating, and the linseed oil production that could grew up much like any other farm glee club work besides being on the be converted into linen paper? Dr. boy would, but even in his very Business and Editorial staffs of col- Whitney was there to help find out earliest years the future botanist had lege publications. and they did find out. Cigarettes all a keen interest in plants. It was for- During the summers Jack was na- during the war were, and still are tunate for young John Whitney that ture instructor at a scout camp. wrapped in linen paper made from his grandmother was a naturalist Graduation came but this was not the straw instead of linen. for through her he began to under- end of Dr. Whitney's college educa- stand more and more about plants. The United States was in war now, tion. He went on to earn his M. S. His zeal grew greater and greater and Dr. Whitney's new title became degree at the North Carolina State through her continued search for Private John B. Whitney, U. S. In- College of Agriculture and Engineer- plants that could be adapted to fantry. He soon rose to Corporal, ing. In the summers now he worked Southern conditions. His grand- then Lieutenant. Our Lieutenant with the Experiment Station at Ra- mother's garden in Augusta was a Whitney came back from the war. leigh, where most of his work was paradise where young Jack (which His old job was still open for him, with cotton. At N. C. State he was was his nickname) came to spend but it was not long before Dr. Whit- on a fellowship and upon graduation many pleasant evenings. ney came to Clemson. It was in 1946, he received another. This time the during the summer, that Dr. Arm- When old enough, Jack entered fellowship took him to Ohio State strong, head of the Botany Depart- Richmond Academy in Augusta, University, where he met a student ment, began looking for a residence where he received his last two years botanist who later became Mrs. Whit- for the new staff member who would of high school and his first two years ney. The summers now were spent begin teaching in the fall. It looked of college work. During the first at Mountain Lake Virginia Biological two years at Richmond Academy, he Station, where he plunged deeper and —Continued on Page 23 SIX THE AGRARIAN —

Bobby left a few days early (with WE SALUTE. many good wishes from the rest of the boys) to take advantage of Dan- forth Fellowship, which afforded him a two weeks stay in St. Louis, Mo. BOBBY DUKE with Ihe Purina Feed Company and two weeks at Camp Miniwanca, Bobby Duke hails from Kingstree, small Sophomore, along with a few Michigan, an American Youth Foun- S. C, deep in the heart of the Low others on the company, Duke was dation camp for boys. This month's Country. He is a senior in Animal awarded the " Steel Paddle" for pro- trip is given each year to one boy Husbandry, planning to graduate in ficiency with said instrument by the from each state in the U. S., one from June, 1953. After a short term (?) Rats of 1950. During the Sophomore Canada, and one from Hawaii, by the in the army, he hopes to farm, raising year he was accepted into Alpha Zeta Danforth Foundation and the Ralston a few beef cattle along with growing and received the Alpha Zeta Award Purina Company. tobacco, cotton, and corn. for outstanding scholarship in the This year Bobby is working as School of Agriculture. When he arrived at Clemson in Feature Editor of the Taps. He has September, 1949, Bobby was one of The next year "Young Robert" got been active in the Presbyterian Stu- the smallest and scaredest rats ever further into the extra-curricular ac- dent Association, serving at different to answer to "Freshman Newboy!" tivities at Clemson by being accepted times as secretary and treasurer. and feel the sting of an upperclass- into Mu Beta Psi, Tiger Brotherhood, Bobby has been selected for Who's persuader. this man's However, did and Phi Kappa Phi and joining the Who among Students in American not prevent his getting off to a good Taps Junior Staff. It was with this Universities and Colleges and won start in academic work. During his last organization that he learned to the Borden Award for scholarships Freshman year he won a Sears Roe- do with about half his accustomed in Agriculture. buck Scholarship and was tapped for amount of sleep and still present at The people of Kingstree, as well as Phi Eta Sigma. It was after the first least a haf awake countenance in Williamsburg County, can be proud semester of that year that he left the class at eight o'clock the next morn- of the wonderful record made by one ranks of the regiment to join Band ing. of her outstanding sons of agricul- Company. After a grueling five weeks at Fort ture. The next year, as a bad but still Benning, Infantry Summer Camp, We salute—Robert W. Duke.

RESDLUTIDNS TD KEEP - for the farm family.

RESOLVE TO: 5. Make some outstanding home improvement. There is nothing gained in the mere accumula- tion of wealth. 1. Plan your farm program—as a family—for 1953 and don't just let it happen. Planning helps to 6. Devote some of your'time to recreation—family take the guess work out of farming and WELL recreation. The family that plans together will THOUGHT OUT PLANS RARELY RESULT usually work together. IN WORN OUT ACRES. 7. Be more neighborly in '53. Find an interest in 2. Follow a soil building program—IMPROVE other people and other people will have an in- THE WORST AND MAKE THE GOOD BET- terest in you. Friendships are cheap at any TER. Good soil is like a good bank account; price. you have to make a deposit every now and 8. Go as a family to Sunday School and Church then if you expect to keep drawing out. each Sunday in 1953. Doesn't it impress you to see a family father, mother, sister, brother 3. Keep a farm record. A pencil is one of the most — going to Church together? SHOW YOUR CHIL- important tools on the farm if you will only DREN how to live instead of just telling them. make use of it. YOU CAN DISCOVER A LOT OF LEAKS IN YOUR FARM INCOME 9. Cooperate with your neighbor and boost your RE- THROUGH THE KEEPING OF FARM community through some community organi- CORDS. zation. THERE IS STRENGTH IN UNITY. 4. Increase your knowledge of farming by read- 10- Keep your resolutions, BECAUSE WHAT yOU ing technical publications on the subject and GET OUT OF THE YEAR 1953 WILL depend by sharing the experiences of other people who largely on what you put into it. are doing the same job. PROFIT BY THE OTHER FELLOW'S MISTAKES- (Anonymous) JANUARY 1953 SEVEN YARDSTICK OF THE CHICKEN AS AN EGG FACTORY

Farmers and commercial poultry- percent production for the 300 day officially-designated person. All of men are confronted with the prob- record. The N. P. I. P. now pub- the entries in a particular test are lem each winter or early spring as lishes each year the "R. O. P. Sum- under similar environmental influ- to which hatchery or breeder they mary." It is the production records ences. Complete and detailed records should patronize in ordering chicks of the breeders who participate in are kept on each entry in these tests. that will produce good results in the the R. O. P. phase of the plan. It California, the first state to have laying house. It is very important includes, among other things, pullets a random sample test, has completed tc the buyer that he purchase quality of one breed and variety on a farm, three tests of this type. An entry in chicks for developing his laying flock. pullets entered in R. O. P., percent the second test consisted of 100 There are primarily three different qualifying as R. O. P., average egg straight-run cay-old chicks which official basis on which a farmer or production of all pullets entered, av- were selected at random. The puUets commercial poultryman may select erage egg weight of all pullets en- were kept through a six months his flock replacement chicks. These tered, and average body weight. In- growing period and a year's laying are: the "National Poultry Improve- dividual breeders have records of period. The 40 pens which entered ment plan", the "Random Sample 81.6% of all pullets entered being this test were ranked on the basis of Egg Laying Tests", and the "Stand- qualified as R. O. P., 261 eggs per net income above feed and chick ard Egg Laying Tests." pullet per year for all pullets entered in R. O. P., and a 248 egg average in cost per pullet chick started. The The National Poultry Improvement 300 days for all pullets entered. winning entry in this second test Plan (N. P. I. P.) represents more was White Leghorns with a net in- chickens and breeders than any other A farmer or commercial poultry- come of $8.11 and 268 eggs per pullet can effectively official test or official organization. man very use the chick started. The owner of this N. P. I. P. and its stages as a guide Since its beginning in 1935, it has entry had another entry of White in selecting been mace up of the breeding phase the breeder or hatchery Leghorns in this test which placed and the pullorum control and eradi- twenty-second from the top. The cation phase. The breeding phase is By average for the 40 entries was $5.89 composed of four stages: U. S. Ap- HOWARD N. RAWL and 215 eggs per pullet chick entered. proved, U. S. Certified, U. S. Record Poultry '53 The best livability in the second test of Performance (R. O. P.), and U. S. was obtained by an entry which had Register of Merit (R. O. M.). The 54 pullet chicks to enter the test and from which he should purchase his last three of these are important from 53 hens to complete the test 18 replacement stock. The "R. O. P. the standpoint of superior birds for months later. The average mortality Summary" is very useful in the se- egg production. for the 40 entries was 18.2 percent. lection of a place to buy chicks which The eggs were graded in this test An R. O. P. female is one that will make good records in the laying and one entry had a production of produced 200 or more eggs in her house. This summary can be ob- 198 large eggs cf AA or A quality pullet year or 180 or more eggs in tained from the official state agen- per pullet chick started. This entry her first 300 days of lay. These eggs cies or the Bureau of Animal Indus- ranked second in this test on the must average at least 24 ounces per tries, United States Department of basis of net income. dozen. R. O. P. chicks are the off- Agriculture, Washington, D. C. spring of R. O. P. males mated to The results of the "California Of- The "Random Sample Egg Laying R. O. P. females. Certified chicks fical Random Sample Egg Laying Tests" is a comparatively new test. are the offspring of R. O. P. males Tests" can be obtained by writing to The first test of this type was in mated to Approved females. the Poultry Improvement Commis- 1949-50 in California. Random sam- sion at Modesto, California. During 1950-1951, 246 breeders in ple tests are also operating in New 39 states participated in the R. O. P. York and Georgia. These tests are The "New York Random Sample

phase. These breeders trapnested designed to be a test on the same Poultry Test" is operated somewhat 180,092 R. O. P. candidates of which chicks that are for sale to the general differently from the California test.

48.8 percent qualified as R. O. P. public. These chicks are selected by The chief differences are that it lasts hens. The average egg production of an impartial person such as the for only 500 days, approximately 50 these R. O. P. candidates was 198 county agent, the agriculture teacher, pullet chicks are entered, and the eggs for the year's record and 55.4 the R. O. P. inspector, or any other chicks are reared from day-old to EIGHT THE AGR.^RIAN "two weeks close to old hens. The The results of the "New York Ran- have been in operation since 1911 disease most important from this dom Sample Poultry Tests" can be when the first test was started at s'.ancpoint is leukosis which the obtained by writing to the Depart- Storrs, Connecticut. The average better breeders breed for resistance ment of Poultry Husbandry, Cornell production of all the hens in this to in their stock. University at Ithaca, New York. test was 145 eggs per hen. The first pen at this test to reach the 200 Two tests of 33 entries each have The first "Georgia Random Sample mark was in 1919 when a pen aver- been completed at the New York Egg Test" was started with chicks aged 202 eggs per hen. Thirty years test. The entries are ranked on net on April 1, 1951, and ended on Sep- later, the highest pen at this test pro- income above feed and chick cost tember 15, 1952. Only one test has duced 305 eggs per hen. per pullet chick entered. The win- been completed at Georgia. An entry ning entry in the first test was an consisted of 100 pullet chicks selected An entry (pen) in the standard entry of a New Hampshire Red at random. At 180 days of age, 60 tests consists of 13 pullets. The which won by a fairly wide margin pullets were selected at random and breeder selects the 13 pullets. He can of $89.40. The record for this win- these 60 pullets made up an entry enter as many pens or as many tests ning entry was a net income of $2.95, upon which the results were based. as he desires. At any particular test an egg produc- all the pens re-

tion of 191 eggs c e i V e uniform per hen housed, management and a mortality practices and the of 28 percent for same feed. The the 500 days. The birds are trap- average of the 33 nested at most of entries was a net the tests, but income of $1.27, Pennsylvania is an egg produc- one state which tion of 130 eggs is not trapnesting per hen housed, this year. Only and a mortality number of eggs of 41.9 percent produced and the for the 500 day size of the eggs, period. The win- both of which go ning entry in the together in fig- second test was uring points, are a White Leghorn taken into con- entry with a net sideraiion in the income of $3.10, standard tests. an egg produc- The pens are tion of 223 eggs ranked on the per hen houssd, basis of points. and a mortality The tests are now of 12 percent for carried on for a the 500 day pe- fifty weeks lay- riod. The aver- ing period. age for the 33 DOZENS of good breakfasts—South Carolina needs twice as entries was a net many eggs per hen or twice as many hens to produce the eggs There were 15 income of $1.67, we consume. standard tests op- an egg production erating in 1950- of 172 eggs per hen housed, and a The laying period was 350 days. No- -51, but only 11 standard tests are mortality of 40.8 percent for the 500 culling was done in this test. The 28 operating at the present time. days. An average of the 28 entries entries were ranked on the basis of The winning pen in all the stand- in both tests show that a New Hamp- net income over feed and chick cost ard tests in 1951-52 had a record of shire entry had the best average on per pullet housed. The winning 302 eggs per pullet entered. A sum- net income. The record of this entry entry in this test was White Leghorns mary of the standard tests usually was a net income of $2.54 per hen, with a record of 108 eggs per pullet appears in the November issues of an egg production of 189 eggs per housed, a mortality of 14.5 percent most poultry magazines. pullet housed, and a mortality of and a net income of $3.41. The aver- Poultry Tribune presents annually 25 percent. The average record of age record of the 28 entries was 164 an award on the basis of average the 28 entries in both tests is a net eggs per pullet housed, a mortality number of points per bird entered income of $1.50 per pullet, an egg of 24 percent, and a net income of to the breeder who enters 65 or $1.70. production of 151 eggs per pullet more pullets of one breed in all the housed, and a mortality of 40.6 per- The tests which are now known as standard tests. This appears to be cent. the "Standard Egg Laying Tests" —Continued on Page 15 JANUARY 1953 NINE Winter Care of Livestock By HARRY VILDIBILL Pre-Vet. '53

milk too soon and not allowed concentrates, growth will be solw.

A young calf's rumen is too small to hold the amount of roughage required to provide enough nutrients for proper growth. If calves are not Dairy Heifers growing well some concentrates will in excellent winter condition probably help. At Clemson the beef Beef Calves calves are allowed to run with their Having healthy animals on the dams. As the milk supply gradually in excellent winter condition farm all year 'round is something declines the calves will eat more and worth working for. Freedom from more roughage. By the end of the Benzene hexchloride (BHC) or disease and pests plus a balanced lactation period the young beeves will DDT is the recommended control, feeding program are essentials for be growing well on full pasture with- using amounts according to strength the success of livestock producers as out even having grain. On the other —3 pounds of wettable 12 percent well as for the health of the animals. hand, in a dairy where the amount of gamma isomer BHC or 6 pounds of Yet, each year, especially during milk calves is rationed, a grain the for 6 percent gamma isomer BHC is re- winter, many animals suffer from mix is fed and some grain is given quired per 100 gallons of wa.er for conditions caused neglect. until the heifers are from eight by a spray mixture. DDT is used in months to a year old. Probably the greatest neglect oc- the proper ion of 25 pounds 50 per- curs in an animal's feeding. Every Freedom from pests all the year cent wettable to 100 gallons of water, winter many animals become poor, round is probably the second great- but must be applied in two applica- young animals are set back in their est concern of the animal grower. tions 15 days apart. Lindane, which growth, and expectant mothers bring We all have seen how flies worry a is refined BHC, should be used for only weak young, or no young at all. cow in the summer and we have milking dairy cattle because the odor Frofi+s cannot be starved out of an thought what a help her tail was, of BHC will be absorbed by milk. animal growers because starved ani- but in the winter, animals are 1.5 pounds of 25 percent lindane per without mals become very susceptible to di- even worse off our help, 100 gallons of water is the recom- for their tails little good against sease. When no feed, or very little do mended proportion, if tail lice are pests. feed is given an animal, heat and en- the winter Summer and win- suspected, dip the whole tail in the ergy must be taken from reserves ter, animals should be free of pests, spray mixture. A note of warn- stored in her body. The first reserve but the winter ones we are now con- ing ... do not use lindane on cah^es that is used is glycogen, an animal's cerned with are mites, lice, and cattle under three months of age and use starch stored in the liver. The next grubs. Almost all cattle are plagued dust instead of spray on young ani- is the body fat which is the main with them during winter if protection mals when the weather is cold. source of heat and energy is not provided. Lice live by sucking during a Hogs too, need the farmer's help in low state of nutrition. the fat blood or by biting bits of skin and When lice control. Like the cattle lice, hog is gone, protein is taken out of the hair. The itching which results lice have the greatest activity in the muscle. This is the last source of heat causes much discomfort and restless- winter months. Old crankcase oil and energy. ness and you often see animals can will control them; the easiest method scratching. Bo'.h the quality and A pregnant animal will keep her of application is to let the hog oil quantity of their meat and milk pro- unborn young nourished as well as himself against a hog oiler. 1 pound duction is decreased, milk production possible, even drawing proteins from of 50 percent wettable 1.5 percent dropping as much as 15-20 percent. her own tissues and minerals from DDT in 4 gallons of water to spray Vitality too, is lowered. her skeleton, but if starvation is con- both hogs and hog houses is recom- tinued, the fetus will thin be reabsorbed. Lice begin their activity as soon mended more highly, however, the oil for a thorough control of badly Early weaned calves on pasture or as the weather begins getting cool, so infested hogs. hay alone will live, but will they that is the time control should begin. grow? This depends upon the age, If treatment is delayed, large infesta- Cattle mange caused by mites the kind and the condition of the tions result and the lice do not begin which live on lymph instead of blood, calf. If calves are taken away from to die until warm weather comes. —Continued on Pa?e 26 TEN THE AGRARIAN FACTS, DOWN TO EARTH and By JOE O'CAIN FIGUERS By DON DUNLAP Horticulture '54

Approximately 12 million acres of

South Carolina land is devoted to January... represents forest crops which 60 percent of the total land area in the Turning To Tlie state. The annual cut of one billion New Year board feet of sawtimber and approxi- The new world! mately 1,200,000 cords of pulpwood White and silent. and other forest procuc.s produced And innocent. annually results in forest operations being the second largest source of * * income in the state. Oh, Lord, give me a glory * * And a workman's pride, Four Clemson freshmen have just For you gotta get a glory returned frcm Chicago where they Or you're dead inside! attended the National 4-H Club Con- —Berton Braley gress and the National Junior Live- stock Show. Billy Joe Bailes, James Riley Hill, Jr. and Charles Marshall weary Earth, upon whose breast I sow O received $300 scholarships each at seed, dear Nature's young so innocent, These the 4-H Club Congress. John Henry Swell your sullen furrows cold below Smile! Turner was one of the representa- triumphant neath God's firmament! And dwell tives to the National Junior Livestock for each pale face Judging Contest from South Carolina. I wait. . . watch silently To smile upon your love-sucked breast serene. .* * demonstration carried on. in I watch your soft green flowing gown of lace. A that irri- Each frill, each bow. each polkadot of green. Chester County showed by gation 800 pounds of lint cotton was

• cool breath of spring I wait. wait for a calm produced per acre as compared to smiling young. To bind mv love with Nature's 500 pounds per acre on land that was hand to cling God! I wait for Thy mighty not irrigated. The Extension Service the songs that Thou has sang! My pen and write is promoting the use of irrigation on —Joe O'Cain farms of South Carolina. * * January—snow flakes, gray-lace trees, new blood for thought! A Billions of people today get most clean sheet flips over. of their food calories indirectly from stride, corn and many million get most their What's up for '53? I wonder. The world will keep her calories direc.ly from corn. The total . birds the city's smoke keeps edging into the countryside. . The keep making big plans for a double sized family next spring, and contribution of the corn plant in feeding man is probably greater than the world lives on! There's lots of work to do, and I keep thinking that of any other cultivated plants "If He called, I could not answer, on earth. for life I have not lived." (—O'Cain)

"Oh, \^ou gotta get a glory Sunshine and marbles! In the work you do; boy squats in his own original and sort And the little barefoot A hallelujah chorus and knocks them all out of the ring again. The of technical manner In the heart of j'ou. sun shines down like a full-grown sun in new "deferred" spring Paint, or tell a story, politicar rally are heard- June, and cheers from a nearby Sing, or shovel coal. And so another spring story begins—unlike the old stories. New But you gotta get a glory, long-talked-of truce conversation fills the air—conversation of the Or the job lacks soul." talks, political arguments, this and that. I wait and watch, admire, ( Berton Braley) and declare "there's more work to be done."' And. . . — ELEVEN JANUARY 1953 HORTICULTURE a great science By BILL GARREN Horticulture '53

Your first reaction to horticulture stances, an enterprise embracing First of all, the sweet potato is, as might be and probably is, "What large acreages of profitable and ad- you probably know, a very difficult does that big word mean?" In this vantageous cultivation. plant on which to produce blooms. article the author will attempt to An optimum condition is necessary if Horticulture is also a point of view; define it, not as a specific definition, blossoms are to be expected in the a field of thinking, of activity; of for there are numerous and various field. Many people are unfamiliar operation; a rallying point. This sci- descriptions, but rather by citing oc- with the sweet potato flower further ence acts as a liaison function or a — currences and "goings-on" in this evidence of its rarity. Furthermore, connecting link between itself and In this manner the reader most sweet potato growers are not field. other agricultural sciences. will better be able to draw his own interested in the sex life of the plant conclusions and have some know- In England, horticulture is a defi- because the flowers do not put money ledge of horticultural science. nite craft in itself and is not con- in their pockets. However, here at sidered an agricultural depariment. Clemson the flower is our doorway Probably the first horticultural Horticultural plants are character- to progress. One entire greenhouse plants to be recognized were berries, ized by the fact that they are treated is devoted to the production of sweet herbs, and some vegetables which individually, are being grown inten- potato blossoms so that new and were used as food by primitive man. sively, and that their products are improved varieties may be available It is thought that plants were culti- to us, the public. In order to carry vated 10,000 to 12,000 years ago and on such a research and breeding pro- probably they were cultivated for HORT...D0 You Know? gram, it is necessary to have a source food purposes. This means that hor- Horticultural plants are unique of material; so a cooperative program ticulture had its beginning some in their culture and characteris- was organized as a means for the 10,000 to 12,000 years ago. tics . . . The sweet potato flower breeder to obtain sweet potatoes from From the primitive period we move produced at Clemson is a door- other spates as well as foreign coun- into a period where horticulture was way to progress; Clemson re- tries. Expeditions from many col- thought of in its terms of fruit grow- search brings a "Red Hot" pepper leges and universities have been sent ing. This particular period existed too hot to pick; Clemson peaches to foreign countries to look for and until the last of the nineteenth cen- are known throughout the United bring back sweet potatoes which have tury. Next, vegetable growing was States. Horticulture brings health desirable characteristics. introduced as a branch of horticul- and beauty to the world. Be sure your plate ture. Within the last thirty years to read Bill Garren's excellent The sweet potato on ornamental horticulture has been article onr Horticulture in this when you sit down to a hot meal is gaining rapidly in prominence. month's Agrarian. most likely the Porto Rico variety. —Editor Why? Because this is the type of Now, that you have some back- potato that the public demands and ground of horticulture, maybe you consumed and enjoyed immediately the type that the research workers can see why it is so difficult to or shortly after harvesting. As such are trying to improve. There are define. It is ever changing. Horti- they are staple products and can many vexing problems facing the culture contains more variation in the be kept for a limited time or stored sweet potato breeder. Outstanding field of knowledge than any other only with difficulty. These horti- among these is the never ending science. It has brought as much cultural plants are divided into six search for a plant that is wilt resist- beauty to the world as has nature groups: fruits (pomology), vegeta- ant. Other problems include produc- with her mountains and streams. bles (olericulture), flowers (floricul- ing a root that will bake, yield, and Our problem today is to keep our ture), bulbs (bulb growing), trees and sprout well. The Porto Rico comes minds flexible, because this is a day shrubs (arboriculture) including both closest to all these characteristics, when horticulture is still in the form- fruit trees and ornamentals, and seed but there is still room for improve- ative stage. growing. ment.

No longer is horticulture thought of Since horticultural plants are un- Sesame is "for the birds"! That is, only as the growing of flowers, fruits, ique in their culture and character- it was for the birds until it was dis- vegetables, and ornamental trees and istics, it might be appropriate to in- covered that the seed of this plant shrubs, but in its modern concept it clude in this article the interesting contained approximately fifty percent has moved out of such restricted ap- sidelines of experimentation and replication and is r.nu- in many in- search in horticulture. —Continued oir Page 27 TWELVE THE AGRARIAN NATURAL AND SYNTHETIC SOIL AGRONOMY CONDITIONERS DISCUSSED SOIL CONDITIONERS

Natural soil conditioners has long importance as far as crop production of these soil conditioners. These been known to the agricultural man, is concerned. commercial products were put on the however, synthetic soil conditioners The desirable condition in a heavy market under the trade name of Kri- have been discovered. This article soil, such as there are in some areas lium.* has been written with the hope of of the piedmont of South Carolina, is Krilium resin is a synthetic com- clearing up some of the misconcep- that of a "crumb" structure or gran- pound replacement for the natural tions about soil conditioners and their ular condition. This condition is polysaccharides or polyuronide resins the soil. It should clear- relation to be brought about to by nature some ex- derived from the soil humus. The that the soil condi- ly understood tent in soils sufficiently supplied with manufacturer of Krilium indicates miracle drugs that tioners are not organic and mineral colloidal matter. that this soil conditioner retains its improves soil structure as if by magic. Organic matter is added to the soil aggregating power against decompo- To the average college student, the in a number of ways. The soil organ- sition by soil microorganisms in soil is a solid and is made up of isms, micro and macro, attack this some cases at least 10 times as long small particles, and this is about as organic matter in the soil in order as the natural crude organic matter. far as his knowledge goes in this to obtain energy and nutrients for Also, it requires from 50 to 100 tons field. However, let us all remember satisfying their own needs for growth of manures or other residues to pro- that the stuff we walk around on dur- and reproduction. In this process the duce one ton of polyuronides. These ing our lifetimes is very complex organic matter is finally reduced to natural soil binding gums, however, dynamic in nature. and a brown or blackish substance called are themselves rapidly decomposed soil bacteria, it The term "texture", which is so humus. Humus is colloidal in na- by making necessary to maintain gum-producing often confused with structure, is used ture and possesses an exchange capa- adequate large to mean the size of the particles or city. Besides this, humus along with humus by constantly adding quantities organic matter to the make-up of the soil from the of maintain the structure of the soil. As a standpoint of the percentage of the PHILIP D. DUKES measure of structure improving different-sized particles. Structure is '53 Agronomy this soil condi- a term used to indicate arrangement power, one pound of tioner is equivalent to the natural of the particles, or the condition of gums produced by 100 to 1000 pounds the soil with respect to the aggrega- partially decomposed organic matter of manures or plant residues. tion or granulation of the soil par- is able to hold the particles of soil ticles. together in such a way as to cause THE HOME GARDENER was granules or aggregates to be formed; quick to recognize the possibilities of Sand, of course, has a single grain this results in a desirable soil struc- such a product. This created a great structure, but this is not objection- ture. Therefore, organic matter and demand for these products, even be- able or detrimental in the coarser its decomposed components are na- fore the manufacturers could meet soils. In the finer soils such as clays, tural soil conditioners. the demand. As a result of the great single-grain structure is very objec- demand, many companies developed tionable or undesirable because the In December 19 5 1, Monsanto similar products in order to capital- pores in the soil are so very small, Chemical Company announced that ize the good market. therefore such soils are often very its research had successfully devel- on poorly drained. Also detrimental oped a series of synthetic resin soil J. P. Livingston and I have con- can conditioners, among them a hydro- gases cannot escape nor oxy- ducted some experiments using gen get in which would result in lyzed polyacrylonitrile and other ex- four of the piedmont soil series, death This condi- perimental polyelectrolytes. These to the plant roots. with various applications of three tion due to the compounds in preliminary experi- becomes even worse soil conditicners. Results are not fact that anaerobic bacteria begin ments showed spectacular power to complete as yet, however, the time working nitrates and other improve the physical condition of on the of emergence of rye seedlings on compounds, converting them to high clay content soils. Early de- and soils treated with these condition- the elemental state. All these condi- velopment work showed that these ers was of interest. The rye plants tions can be brought on to some conditioners would be uniquely soil in the treated soils emerged ear- extent by poor soil structure. There- valuable in agriculture, especially in lier thatf in the non-treated soils. fore, good soil structure is of great horticulture erosion control. and Also, there was a definite improve - Therefore, Monsanto expanded its *Krilium—Trademark of Monsanto facilities for commercial production —Continued on Page 26 JANUARY 1953 THIRTEEN AGRICULTURAL CLUBS There are, in the Clemson College School of Agriculture, two honorary (Officers of Future Farmers of America, one of the nine Ag- clubs and seven professional clubs. ricultural clubs at Clemson) Alpha Zeta, one of the honorary Officers—From left to right—J, B. Monroe. Advisor; F. E. Shelly, clubs, is the only agricultural organ- Reporter; J- D, Beam, Vice President; J. E. Coggins, President; ization on the campus which is open F> G. Best, Secretary; and L. D. Coleman, Treasurer. to members of every department of the School of Agriculture. The other honorary club, Alpha Tau Alpha, is PROFESSIONAL CLUBS INITIATION OF open only to vocational agriculture Each of the seven professional NEW MEMBERS majors. clubs is sponsored by one of the The fraternity of Alpha Tau Alpha ALPHA ZETA major departments of the School of has had several meetings this year Agriculture. The professional organ- during which time the new members Alpha Zeta is a national organiza- izations include the American Society have been accepted, and initiated and tion which proposes to "promote the of Agricultural Engineers, the Block plans laid for the work and activities profession of agriculture; to establish, and Bridle Club, the Clemson 4-H of the chap'^er. The officers of A. foster, and develop high standards of Club, the Dairy Club, the Future T. A. were selected at the last meet- scholarship, character, leadership, and Farmers of America, the Junior ing of the fraternity last year as a spirit of fellowship among all its American Society of Horticultural follows: President, Ronald M. North, members; to create and bond together Science, and Kappa Alpha Sigma. Stockton, Ga.; Vice-President, Ed- a body of outstanding technical men ward D. Howey, Fort Mill; Secretary, who by scholarly attainment, a faith- Raymond L. Kelly, Forest City, N. ful service, and maintenance of C; Treasurer, Gene A. Norris, Con- ethical ideals and principles have ASAE way; and Reporter, James G. Flan- achieved distinction and are capable The Clemson Student Branch of the agan, Clover. New members who of honoring achievement in others; American Society of Agricultural were taken into ATA are Norman E. to strive for breadth of vision, unity Engineers is an organization of stu- McGlohon, Laurens;; Herbert R. Cor- of action and accomplishment of dents majoring in Agricultural En- bett, St. Matthews; Clyde C. Lucas, ideals; to commend all worthy deeds, gineering. Its purpose is to bring Gascon; Clarence K. Palmer, Seneca; and if fraternal welfare demands, to the students closer together and to and David W. Howe, Hickory Grove. counsel with its members." promote their interests in profes- The chapter has already begun Alpha Zeta members are selected sional advancement in the agricul- work on some of the projects which from agricultural students "of high tural engineering field. It encourages we plan to complete this year. The scholarship on the basis of character, work and fellowship among the mem- major project is the building of a leadership, and personality." This bers and better relations with the scroll on which all of the past ATA year fifteen new members were ad- faculty and department workers members will be listed by name and mitted. The officers for the current through projects, field trips, and so- number and grouped according to the year are J. P. Fulmer, Chancellor; cial activities. year they graduated. We also plan P. L. McCall, Jr., Scribe; J. B. Stan- to construct an electrically lighted ley, Treasurer; J. D. Early, Censor; Our student branch is growing emblem to be used in initiations and J. A. Graham, Chronicler. rapidly along with the Agricultural meetings. On the lighter side of the Engineering Department. Sixty-two This organization, at the present fraternities activities, we will have time, members are presently enrolled in is sponsoring the publication of a banquet near the end of the first the Agrarian. —Continued on Page 23 semester. FOURTEEN THE AGRARIAN Value of Collegiate FFA Horticultural Club The Horticultural Club is "he pro- The Agricultural Education faculty more complete individuals. This fessional club for all students inter- and students feel that a Collegiate training may not have been other- ested in landscaping, ornamentals F. F. A. Chapter is very essential to wise received, and it is training that (shrubs, flowers, and flowering the training of agriculture teachers. a vocational agricultural teacher can- trees), vegetables, fruits, and food The chapter operates under a care- not afford to be without. The know- preseivation. The Horticultural Club fully prepared constitution and by- ledge gained from serving as an of- is the intermediary in which its mem- laws. Officers of the chapter are ficer or on various committees should bers are able to meet outstanding elected twice a year in order to give prove very beneficial in setting up, leaders in horticulture and to keep more individuals leadership training. organizing, and advising an F. F. A. up with new developments in horti- Meetings are held regularly on the chapter when the student becomes a culture by the use of films. second and fourth Tuesday nights of local advisor. The club of the Horticulture De- each month. As a part of the recre- There are some students enrolled partment is one of the oldest clubs ation provided by the chapter, a fish each year in Agricultural Education on the campus. The club was organ- fry is staged in the Fall and a camp- who have not had vocational agricul- ized in 1925 by the late Professor C. ing trip in the Spring quarter for all ture in high school or any F. F. A. C. Newman who at the time was members and guests. experience. The Collegiate Chapter head of the Horticulture Department. Learning how to conduct and par- affords these students many of the The purpose of the Horticultural ticipate in these recreational activ- experiences which they have missed Club is to stimulate interest in the iMes will greatly benefit the student in F. F. A. work. The Collegiate field of horticulture, to keep its mem- who is to become a local chapter ad- F. F. A. is also a means of keeping bers informed on the newer develop- visor. It also increases the oppor- chapter members informed of the ments in the ever increasing field of tunities for leadership experience, activities of the State and National horticulture, and to provide an op- helps members to better ac- F. F. A. become Associations and of any portunity fcr is members to meet quainted, and promotes a better cahnges which may occur in these with experienced horticulturists who understanding between students and organizations. are qualified to give first hand in- teachers. The prospective teacher of Agricul- formation on problems that confront The Collegiate F. F. A. Chapter is ture who takes an active part in the a beginner in the horticultural pro- invaluable to students in Agricultural Collegiate F. F. A. Chapter will feel fession. Education because it provides a more at ease, have more confidence, Newly elected officers include the chance to develop leadership, char- and will be better fitted for the job following persons: J. P. Fulmer, acter, and fosters friendly relation- as advisor to the local chapter in president; W. R. Garren, vice-presi- ships among the members and helps which he becomes the teacher of dent; R. H. Donaldson, secretary; C. them to grow socially into better, Vocational Agriculture. E. Atkins, reporter.

The faculty advisors are T. L. Senn portant than the breed purchased. and F. W. Thode. Yardsticks of the Chicken This is true whether the chicks are As an Egg Factory being purchased for layers or broil- ers. Many farmers are buying a broiler strain of chicks to be used Jcin the Continued from Page 9— as layers and vice-versa. This mis- the most significant award to win in take alone is enough to be respon- MAR€H the standard tests. The ten highest sible for one being dissa'isfied with based on breeders eligible for this his farm flock. No breeder has yet award is published in the Novem- bred and proven that he has com- ber issue of Poultry Tribune. The bined outstanding egg production and DIMIS winner of this award in 1951-52 en- outstanding broiler qualities in the JANUART 2 TO 31 tered 65 White Leghorns in the stand- same strain of chickens. Some breed- ard tests. The record of these hens ers are breeding for this, but they was 263 eggs per pullet entered and have a very difficult problem ahead 2 3 a livability of 92.3 percent. of them.

In selecting the breeder or hatch- There are also broiler tests which 4j s.j 61 7:|gr9|io ery from which a farmer or com- furnish official reports of the results 11 X2: 13: 14^ is! 16; 17 mercial poultryman should buy his with broiler strains. These tests are chicks, it should always be remem- as important to the testing of broiler 18 19 2021 2223 24 bered that the strain of chicks that strains as are the test for egg-produc- are purchased is much more im- ing strains. Buy for a purpose. JANUART 1953 FIFTEEN BETWEEN 1

Agronomy Students At Convention

Five agronomy students attended the convention of the American So- ciety of Agronomy which was held in the Netherland Plaza Hotel in Cincinnati, Ohio from November 17-21. The students that attended were: A. D. Boggs a senior from Seneca: D. N. Chamblee a junior from Anderson; P. D. Dukes a senior from Reevesville; L. C. Lawson a senior from Darlington: and P. L. McCall Jr. a senior from Hartsville. The students were accompanied by Dr. C. M. Jones and professor B. M. Ritter of the Clemson Agronomy De- partment. The party left Clemson for Cincinnati on Sunday November Shov/n above are four of the five agronomy students that attend- 16th, and arrived in Cincinnati in ed the convention of the American Society of Agronomy which time for the meetings which began was held in the Netherland Plaza Hotel in Cincinnati, Ohio from at one o'clock on Monday, November Nov. 17-21. They are from left to right Neil Chamblee, Alan Boggs, 17th. Laurie Lawson, and Peter McCall Jr. (Photo by Philip Dukes)

Laurie Lawson, president of the Clemson Chapter of the Student Ac- tivities Section, and Philip Dukes DR. PADEN RECEIVES HONOR secretary the delegates were two to Dr. William Reynolds Paden, Ag- tion to the relative efficiency of dif- the student meetings. Each chapter ronomist of the South Carolina Ex- ferent forms of nitrogen and the was permitted to have two voting periment Station at Clemson College, effects of the application of minor delegates. The other three students, was elected a Fellow of the American nutrients to different soils in crop Alan Boggs, Neil Chamblee and Peter Society of Agronomy at its annual produc'ion. Other contributions of McCall attended some of the student meeting held in November in Cincin- his include research on the intensity meetings, and also some of the meet- nati. This signal honor bestowed on of removal of ca'ions from soils and ings of the Parent society which were Dr. Paden by the Society is in rec- plant tissue by electrodialysis, the held simultaneously. ognition of his outstanding service relation of the cation saturation of The party left Cincinnati late and technical contributions in the soils to yield and composition of Thursday afternoon after the meet- field of agronomic research. crops, and the effects of various rates ings and drove back to Leyington, of appreciation of calcium arsenate to Dr. Paden, a native of Missouri, Ky., where they spent the night. The different soils on the yields of certain was graduated from the University next morning they continued their crops. of Missouri and received the M. S. journey toward home. About ten He has served on numerous com- and Ph. D. degrees from the Uni- o'clock it began snowing, and con- mittes of the American Society of versity of Illinois. He has been with tinued all day. Late in the afternoon Agronomy and the Soil Science of the South Carolina Experiment Sta- after traveling from ten o'clock to America. He has also been very tion since 1929. six o'clock and traversing only ap- active in the Southern Section of the proximately sixty miles across the Dr. Paden's research contributions American Society of Agionomy and state of Kentucky, they decided it have been in the field of soil chem- has taken a leading part in practically was impossible to proceed any fur- istry, soil fertility, and crop produc- every phase of the activities of the —Continued oit Page 26 tion. He has given special considera- southern agronomists. SIXTEEN THE AGRARIAN FURROWS

iBWiciworafe S. C. Dairy Association Meets

Clemson College was honored to be the host of the eighth annual meeting of the South Carolina Dairy Association.

The association opened its convention by their registration in the Clemson House. After registration the delegates were divided into groups according to the field of work in which they were most interested. Here they discussed detailed problems which face dairymen.

M. E. Woolen presided over the business meeting which was held on Wednesday morning. The convention really got under way with the key- note address by C. R. Schoby, president of 1he American Dairy Associa- Pictured above are four of the prominent men who took part tion. He was followed by Dr. Samuel in the S. C. Dairy Association meeting at Clemson College. From Brody, who discussed climate, dairy left to right are: C. G. Cushman, leader of Dairy Extenson work industry, and milk products. in South Carolina; M. E. Woolen. 1952 President of SCDA; Mr. To put the finishing touch to a Goodale> professor or dairying at Clemson, and Dr. Samuel Brody, wonderful convention, the annual professor of Dairy Husbandry at the University of Missouri, who banquet was held in the Saber Room was one of the main speakers. of the Clemson House at 7:00 P. M. The group was extremely fortunate to have Professor J. D. Lane as FACTS ABOUT KAPPA ALPHA toastmaster and Col. Jack Major, of Paducah, Kentucky, as the main Kappa Alpha Sigma, the Clemson Ashley, Jr., a senior from Honea speaker. Chapter of the Student Section of Path; J. P. Bailes, a junior from the Amarican Society of Agronomy, Union; A. D. Boggs, a senior from was es ab'ished at Clemson in 1937. Seneca; D. N. Chamblee, a junior Kappa Alpha Sigma is more com- from Anderson; P. D. Dukes, a senior junior from Hartsville; A. D. Owens, monly known on the campus as the from Resvesville; J. B. Elliot, a senior a junior from Greer; R. E. Poston, a Agronomy Club or "The Lords from Nichols; J. P. Flavin, a senior junior from Hyman; C. F. Sease, a Boys." from Deland, Fla.; J. A. Graham, a sophomore from Ehrhardt; R. L. Since the club was established in senior from Scranton; C. R. Grainger, Squires, a junior from Aynor; and H. 1937, it has been active some years a senior from Nichols; G. R. Griffin, B. Stoudemire, a senior from Ello- and rather inac ive other years. Dur- a junior from Leesville; M. D. Haw- ree.) kins, a sophomore from Hartsville; ing the past two years, however, it The present officers of the club J. L. Heyers, a junior from Butler, has become one of the largest and are Laurie C. Lawson, President; Pa.; E. Heirs, a senior from Ehr- most active professional clubs in the J. Harry B. Stoudemire, Vice-president; hardt; L. C. Lawson, a senior from School of Agriculture. Philip D. Dukes, Secretary; and Darlington; J. P. Livingston, a senior The club now boasts of twenty-two James E. Heirs, Treasurer. R. Grain- from Springfield. active members, most oi whom are ger is chairman of the Refreshment juniors and seniors majoring in Also P. L. McCall, Jr., a senior committee, and R. E. Poston is Chair- Agronomy. (The members are: R. L. from Hartsville; T. L. Maxwell, a man of the Program committee.

JANUARY 1953 SEVENTEEN Work In 24,DD0 Acre Forest

Pre-Forestry at Clemson

HARLON E. JOYE Pre-forestry Gives Excellent Experience

Although it doesn't have a four twigs in the winter and their leaves has on or near its campus an infinite year course in forestry, Clemson Col- in the summer, in harvesting trees variety of tree species. Besides the lege does offer its students a pre- by the correct method, in obtaining large number of trees growing in forestry course which is exceptionally the number of cubic feet of merchan- their natural habitat, Clemson also- good because of the amount of prac- tible timber, in identifying fungi, and has on its campus a great number of tical experience which the student in performing many of the duties of different ornamental trees. This great obtains. Clemson can well offer this a forester. variety of trees gives the student an practical experience, for it contains, invaluable opportunity to study many The second forestry course is den- the different kinds of trees and thereby in the immediate vicinity of drology, a study of the identification approximately 24,000 acres gain a broader knowledge of the dis- campus, and distribution of trees. This course, tinguishing characteristics of the dif- of forest lands on which to put in taught during the second semester of practice the knowledge- gained in the ferent species. the same year, is exceptionally good classroom. at Clemson, for this school, being In addition to the practical experi- located in the Centrals Hardwoods ence which they obtain during the Besides the fundamental courses in Region, just south of the Northern laboratory periods, some of the pre- English, algebra, trigonometry, sur- Forest Region, which runs parallel to forestry students have an opportunity veying, chemistry, economics, engi- Appalachian Mountains, and just to work for the college during the neering drawing, physics, zoology, the north the Southern Forest Region, summer on a timber cruise.* Since botany, and geology. Clemson also of the students will have to do a great offers the individual taking pre- deal of timber cruising during the forestry two courses which pertain forestry summer camp, which they directly to forestry. NOTE TO BIRD FANCIERS will attend between their junior and The first, a course in general for- senior years at some other school,, estry, is studied during the first The Carolina Bird Club is an in- this work is a great aid to them. The semester of the sophomore year. This corporated association for the study work gives the students a chance course gives the forestry student a and conservation of wildlife, particu- to put into practice the knowledge preliminary glimpse of the subjects larly birds, in the Carolinas. In addi- gained in surveying, dendrology, and

which he is to study during his junior tion to publishing its quarterly mag- general forestry. They also learn to and senior years of college. This azine, "The Chat," the club also; read aerial photogiaphy maps and to study acquaints him with the funda- (1) holds an annual spring business use the information obtained from mentals of identifying trees, of re- meeting and a fall dinner meeting these maps. Above all, the future foresting both cleared and wooded (2) conducts club-wide trips to places foresters learn one important thing, area, of defending the forest against of ornithologiual interest, (3) spon- that they must have a keen observa- .fire, insects, and fungus pests, of sors Christmas and spring bird cen- tion and must use this trait at all harvest- measuring the forest crop, of suses by local groups (4) encourages times. If they don't they find that ing this crop, of making forest and original research and publication (5) they miss many important details. products durable and adaptable. It of local aids in the establishment The student has still another also describes the forestry practices an clubs and sanctuaries, (6) takes chance to gain experience, for each of the state, the communities, and the active interest in conservation legisla- year a student is placed in charge private owners. The course also tion co-operates with state and (7) of the forestry nursery. This indi- thoroughly discusses the nation's for- federal agencies, and (8) furnishes vidual learns a great deal about the est policy. information and speakers to inter- germination of tree seeds, the care ested groups whenever possible. The forestry student gains a great of tree seedings, the transplanting of deal of practical experience in the Anyone interested in becoming a seedlings, and the delicateness of weekly laboratory period, which con- member of this club or organizing a young seedlings sists primarily of field work. In this club under the auspices of this organ- When the student finishes his two lab, the student learns to apply the ization should write Buren Whitener, years at Clemson, he has an excellent fundamentals which he learned in the 130 Woodburn Road, Raleigh, N. C. classroom in identifying trees by their —Continued oit Page 26 EIGHTEEN THE AGRARIAN AGRARIAN PHILDSDPHY By THE EDITORS WHAT CAN THE FARMER THE NEW AGRARIAN LOOK FOR IN 1953? RONALD M. NORTH. Co-Editor This is the new year when everyone is making By WILLIAM F. STEWART, Jr.. Co-Editor a voluminous list of the traditional New Year's resolution, some to be followed in earnest, but the Few people, other than farmers, really know great majority to be quickly forgotten in the hustle and confusion the condition under which the average farmer of evervday life. In this particular issue of THE AGRARIAN we have print- operates. Since diversificaiton has been started ed an anonymous collection of what we think Southeast, these conditions have lessened in the would be a worthwhile group of resolutions for somewhat. However, I still contend that the farm- any progressive farm family or individual to er must take more for granted than any other adopt and live up to in earnest every day of every year. It is not businessman. When the farmer seeds his crops, he through the force of tradition, but out of necessity has absolutely no assurance that he will be able for the protection of THE AGRA- RIAN and all who are concerned to meet the debts that are incurred in_producing with the publication that we have a a crop. Without fail, however the southern farm- made few commitments which are in effect new to us. er will set to his task deligently with a trust in We believe that a new system of management of God and his fellow man. THE AGRARIAN will have a more binding and businesslike nature Tlie American people have now selected a than at any previous time in its history, and at new President to guide their fortunes for the the same time be of more value to Clemson and next four years. This means a more or less com- South Carolina. plete changeover in Washington. The past elec- In brief we would like to familarize everyone tion demonstrated that the American people want with the new organizational set up of THE A- in their the part the more voice future. For most GRARIAN. To begin with, it was revived at the so-called machine-backed candidates were defeat- beginning of this school year by a group of agri- ed, and this alone demonstrates that the farmer is cultural students and professors interested in the going to command respect in the future. future of agriculture in the South and fully aware of its supreme importance in the welfare During the year just closed, most wages and of the nation. prices in industry advanced another notch. How- ever, when the farmer gathered his products and THE AGRARIAN was founded in 1938 by Mr. Ben E. Goodale, carried them to the market, he found that the at present a Professor in the Dairy Department at prices were generally lower- The cotton and to- Clemson. and Mr. Bo Williams, Head of the Sociology bacco farmers found that they had less money to Department at the Univer- sity of Georgia. The put in their pockets; yet, their production costs student founder was H. L. Beech, a vocatonal agricultural were at an all time high. The hog farmer found education major of the class that the hog-corn ration was such that he could of 1939. Since that time THE AGRA- RIAN has had only make expenses. The dairy and beef farmers many up and downs in the efforts of various individuals to keep its had been slapped in the face by the summer prestige as the oldest and most interesting technical publication drought. This has all added up to a rather bad on the campus- In view of the facts year in general for farmers in the South. The behind the ap- parently weak cycles in the magazine's life, it farmer can not quit, however, because he is in- was concluded that the major necessity volved in a permanent business. His heart, soul, for a good magazine was that it have a and most of his finances are tied to his business. permanent and fool- proof organization, especially in regard to its fi- With the migration of many new industries nances. from the New England States to the Southeast, It was with this thought in mind that THE the farmer finds himself confronted with serious AGRARIAN was reactivated under the sponsor- labor problems. The farmer can not pay wages ship of The Fraternity of Alpha Zeta. Alpha Zeta that are on the same scale with industries, but our will be responsible for the premanency as well as nation and many foreign nations must be fed from the yearly operation of the magazine. When con- the soils of our great nation. This is going to call fronted with the problem. Alpha Zeta promptly —^^Continued on Page 29 —Continued on Page 20 JANUARY 1953 NINETEEN —

THE NEW AGRARIAN— Continued from Page 19 realized the importance of the project and immediately brought the situation to the attention of the fraternity. The possibilities and responsibili- INAUGURATION ties of this as a project were discussed freely and openly in the Alpha Zeta meeting and after much deliberation, questioning, arguing, and presenta- You Have Elected tion of many solutions, a satisfactory agreement was reached. Us To Serve You The final solution, in its most important aspect, is that this magazine will be operated by the students in the School of Agriculture, and that all finances are to be handled by the students with the approval of the faculty advisors and the col- WE PLEDGE lege business manager. Specifically, all business matters must have their sanction, and ail trans- actions will be made in triplicate—one copy will A SQUARE DEAL go to the business manager's office, one to the treasurer's office, and the other to THE AGRA- At RIAN files. As far as the student organization is concerned the following procedures will be followed in selecting the staff. The staff will be headed by two co-editors who will work together to publish ESQUIRE an acceptable magazine. One of these Co-editors SHOPS FOR MEN will be a junior from the Fraternity of Alpha Zeta and the other will be a senior from the Clemson — Greenville School of Agriculture. The junior co-editor will become responsible for the continuity from one year to the next by automatically becoming the 'W%rjV"rf^"d"^U"^.'^V%^' student advisor during his senior year. In this way, at least one member of the staff will have some experience in working with this kind of publication. THE AGRARIAN'S business manager will also be a member of The Fraterntiy of Alph Zeta BROWN whereby the business responsibility shall be in the hands of the organization which is ultimately responsible for its success. The faculty advisor for THE AGRARIAN will FERTILIZER be the chairman of the Alpha Zeta advisory committee. The officers which have been mentioned above can hold office for only one year, with the exception of the faculty advisor. COMPANY The remainder of the staff is to be selected from the students in the School of Agriculture based upon their interest in the magazine and also Blackville, South Carolina in a particular phase of journalism. To do this, a mass meeting of the interested students will be held to determine their preferences and to con- sider the various problems which arise from time to time- We believe that this system of organization for Barnwell and Bamberg counties only a publication of the nature of THE AGRARIAN will work successfully for the benefit of Clemson, completely equipped fertilizer manu- the students, and the state of South Carolina as a facturers. whole. However there are certain loopholes which have possibly been overlooked, and THE AGRA- RIAN welcomes any suggestions which you feel would help to make is a better publication. TWENTY THE AGRARIAN V. A. E'er WRITES FARM COLUMN CLEMSON ATA'er ATTENDS MEET FOR HOME TOWN NEWSPAPER IN KANSAS CITY

Joe O'Cain, Agrarian Associate The Kappa chapter of Alpha Tau Editor, Creates Behind the Barn; FISH STOCK Alpha sent Ronald M. North as its Writes Book AVAILABLE delegate to the national conclave NOW which was held in Kansas City, Mis- The smell of tractor smoke, the Anyone interested in stocking his souri in October. The trip to Kansas sweet scent from the farmer's wife's fish pond in the spring of 1953 should City was really an enjoyable as well ki'.chen, and hints and suggestions get his order in now. These orders as an educational experience. Each on this and that on the country scene are filled in chronological order so the chapter gave an annual progress re- highlight the bi-monthly "Country early orders will get first considera- port at the second session. This Things, This and That" column in tion. Interested persons should con- seemed to be the most important Orangeburg Times and Democrat. It's aspect of entire tact their County Agent, Soil Con- the conclave. As something new in the way of farm each chapter presented its report the servation Man, or Local Game War- journalism, jacked-up behind the other chapters had a chance to learn den for order blanks and informa- usual farm scenes. It all started from a first hand account of the activities tion. a search of "'little country things" and ideas which prevail in the other Stocks of Blue Gill Bream (Brim) that needed to be brought into the colleges throughout the nation. Bass are available. light. and Large Mouth In addition to the activities pertin- Lespedeza bicolor should be or- Joe O'Cain, the Agrarian's associ- ent to ATA, the delegates attended dered for late winter or early spring ate editor and junior vocational agri- some of the National FFA activities planting. Stocks of forest pine seed- cultural education major from such as public speaking, band, chorus, lings are available. See your County Orangeburg, is the author of this col- and others. Ronald served on the Agent or write the Forest Commis- umn. He also writes another column program of work committee for the sion, Columbia, S. C. concerning for the paper and has a collection of national program of work. seedlings. original poems. Also unique in its plan is a book being written by O'Cain entitled "The Clemson Story." "Truth crushed to earth shall rise STATE GAME No information on this project has again." WARDEN CLINIC been released, however, the book will AT CLEMSON be the product of four years' work. "Be true to the best you know." One of the first moves of the new South Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission, whose aim is to improve WILLIS ELECTED wildlife conditions in the state, was the holding of a clinic for state game NATIONAL SECRETARY wardens.

This five-day clinic, James K. Willis, former Clemson time. Last summer James attended held at Clem- son College, student, left school last month to be- the American Institute of Coopera- began August 4. This come South Carolina's first national tion meeting at East Lansing, Mich- warden group learned from many officer of the Future Farmers of igan, representing the Young Farmers real authorities on the important sub- America. The 20-year-old youth of and Future Farmers of South Caro- jects presented at the clinic, just McColl was elected national student lina. what the commission will expect of secretary of the Future Farmers of them. James, who plans to become a Vo- America at the National FFA conven- written examination cational Agriculture teacher, is prim- A was re- tion, held in Kansas City, Missouri. arily interested in dairying, having quired after these men had met many Willis is not exactly a stranger to at present time 17 registered Guern- periods of instruction. This examin- National F. F. A. conventions, the last seys. ation determined the ability of each one having been his fifth trip to man to fill his respective job. Kansas City with the S. C. delega- A gentleman is one who thinks One of the most outstanding pro- tion. He attended his first national more of other people's feelings than jects which developed as a result of convention as a federation represent- his own rights—and more of other the clinic was the adoption of a ative, and the past four years he has people's rights than his own feelings. more uniform and standard type of been a state representative. Year Matthew H. Buckham game warden service. Discussed at before last he was chairman of the the clfnic was the need of the same national nominating committee. Progress of any individual depends type of law enforcement the state He was a member of the program on both opportunity and ability, and over, the same approach to the job, of work committee last year at the responsibilities gravitate to the man the same understanding of what the national convention and received his with ability to get things done. law means and the same version of American Farmer degree at that —James F. Stiles what the commission wants. JANUARl' 1953 TWENTY-ONE GUILTY or NOT GUILTY By JIMMY YOUNG

125,000 ACRES Many species of game, both large replace the fertility of our once vir- BURN ANNUALLY and small, are killed outright or gin soil and reproduce our forest badly injured in woods fires. The which previously supplied man with You are guilty! Yes, you and I are helpless animals become frightened an abundance of wildlife, natural re- guilty of burning over some 125,000 and confused by these ugly, destruc- sources, and recreation. We fortu- acres yearly of valuable forest in tive flames, and dash through the nate Americans can and must restore, South Carolina alone. This unprofit- raging fires only to be burned to protect, and maintain our forest and able carelessness has resulted with a death. woodlands as well as our wildlife, great loss to the owners of these The members of the State Com- with our sincere, maximum ability! bountiful forests, a loss in economy mission of Forestry are concerned to our state as well as to our country, with assistance to landowners of the losses in organic material of soils, state in the protection, development losses in widlife and recreation, and and management of their forest lands, even loss of human lives and domes- and in the harvesting and utilization tic animals. of forest produces. Foresters have With these fac's in it is mind, reac'ily recognized the potentialities somewhat appalling to think that of co-ordinating a program to benfit after twenty-five years of fire pre- our rapidly decreasing number of vention education activities in South game in connection with forest land Carolina and with the increasing de- management. A co-ordinated pro- for mand lumber and other products gram of furnishing food and cover derived forest still from the we can for game in connection with forest expect more than 5,000 forest fires land managemant is very essential to will start this year. Already there the conservation of wildlife. has been an unofficial report of near- It is a recognized fact that well ly 5,000 acres of burned forests in managed forest cover approaches the South Carolina. What are we going ideal in soil and water conservation. to do about it? The proper protection and wise man- The combined efforts of all agen- agement of our woodlands should be cies in the field of conservation and of vital concern to us if we are to natural resources are needed to greatly reduce the occurence of forest fires caused by carelessness. You and

I are responsible for reducing the occurrence of these unnecessary fires. Such efforts on our part are basic TRIED and TRUE for an intensified program of forest management. Broadleaved Evergreens — Fruits Many of us have never been ex- Ornamentals of Every Description posed to the surprisingly amazing facts of what happens to our wildlife as a result of forest fires. We do not know, and many of us are uncon- cerned and do not care to know, the extent to which forest fires kill and FRUITiAMD ^ injure wildlife.

Most of our forest fires occur in the winter and early spring when the ESTABLISHED IN 1856 grasses and shrubs are dead, and the forests are dry. This is fortunate but even so the fires take a great toll - of our adult wildlife, who must re- P. 0. Box 910 Augusta, Ga. produce their species. TWENTY-TWO THE AGRARIAN —

There was also the problem of isolat- TJie Agmriau Presetils: Club News (Con't.)— ing the riboflavin product from the culture medium. This was done too, DR. WHITNEY- and they came out with riboflavin, FFA AND ATA HAVE Continued from Page 6 unconcentrated, but sufficient for JOINT MEETING hog, dog, and poultry feed. bad, no vacancies were to be had at The F. F. A. and A. T. A. held a Clemson, or anywhere nearby. The The honorary fraternities and bo- joint meeting on Thursday night, pre-fabs were being built but were tanical societies to which Dr. Whitney November 29, 1952 for the purpose not yet finished. Dr. Whitney took belongs are: Alpha Zeta, S. C. Aca- of hearing Mr. R. E. Naugher, federal one. At least he had four walls and demy of Science, Sigma Xi, Phi Kap- agent for Vocational Agricultural a roof, even if it did not have plumb- pa Phi, American Association for Education. Mr. Naugher started out ing and running water. At least this Advancement of Science, Botanical as an agricultural teacher in Loris, was better than an army tent. Before Society of America, and the American S. C. and a few years later, he was long, a house was provided by the Society of Plant Physiologists. appointed District Superintendent of college. When the Whitneys moved the Pee Dee Area. Due to his out- At home Dr. Whitney enjoyed his in with their two children and pets standing work in this field, he be- garden until a road was built right came recognized it soon became a home. by high state offi- through the middle of it. Now when cials and was appointed to serve in Besides teaching freshman botany he comes home on holidays from Oak the Office of Education in Washing- senior plant physiology, Dr. and Ridge, he does not have time for a ton, D. C. Whitney has been connected with re- garden anyway, but he does enjoy This visit by Mr. Naugher marked search at Clemson. For two sum- being with Mrs. Whitney, the three the first time for a federal agent to mers he and Mr. Salley of the Chem- little boys, and a big collie dog. visit the Agricultural Education De- istry Department have worked with So this is the interesting life of partment in 16 years. He also visited Eremothecium ashbyii, the fungus or- John Barry Whitney, Profssessor of some of the Agricultural Education ganism which produces riboflavin or Botany and Plant Physiology at classes and was introduced to some vitamin B. If this organism could be Clemson College. of the work carried out in practice produced in abundance and cheaply, teaching shools in the surrounding it would mean a great saving to feed community. companies. Purina Feeds alone buy ASAE— — four million dollars worth of ribofla- Continued from Page 14 NEW MEMBERS vin per year. Dr. Whitney and Mr. with eighteen joining dur- the club, IN FFA Salley estimate the cost of their ing the fall semester. L. F. Denaro method at around 4 dollars per pound of Moncks Corner, S. C, is president New members are initiated into the instead of 20 dollars per pound as it of the local branch. Other officers club each semester as greenhands. now is. Their research dealt with are S. A. Nunnery, Vice-president; C. Prospective members are required to finding a strain of this organism F. Abercrombie, Secretary and Treas- enroll in Vocational Agricultural which would produce riboflavin in urer; and C. J. Walters, Reporter. Education. Informal initiations are greater quantities and then finding its Prof. Parker Young is the faculty carried on for a week, and a formal nutritional requirement for growth. advisor this year. initiation is held at one of the regular meetings for all the prospective members. After the formal initiation, the new members become active for the duration of their college career.

Sixteen new members were initiated this semester. They were C. C. Lucas, R. L. Kelly, C. D. McLaurin, FERTILIZERS R. M. Cox, F. H. Garner, C. L. Mul- wee, D. B. Lewis, N. A. Myers, R. D. that build Burns, F. R. Meech, E. M. Holden, NACO W. W. Weldon, G. W. Sawyer, C. T. better crops Odom, R. C. Brown, and T. M. Mc- Millan. INSECTICIDES Old Farmer Brown was being con- that assure gratulated on the fine crops that he made. "Yes, but it's mighty trying crop protection on the soil," he said. * *

CHARLESTON, S. C. Be wiser than other people if you. can, but do not tell so. SPARTANBURG, S. C. them —Earl Chesterfield JANUARY 1953 TWENTY-THREE. NEWS- VANCE A. LOY Research In Wildlife

The preliminary work for the pro- life. An area of about 3,000 acres quail and rabbits. Accurate seasonal ject now under way ended June 30, of pastureland under the supervision measurements of the numbers of 1952. This work had been going of the Dairy Department of the col- wildlife and patterns of distribution on for 22 months. During this time lege will serve as a control or check over a number of years should reveal 10,000 acres of college land was post- area in this investigation. which techniques are most useful ed against hunting; cover maps were in attempting to maintain, restore or study area 2,200 acres made; 20 miles of woods roads were The of build up wildlife populations in pas- has been split into six sections, opened; six bridges were built to ture situations. This investigation on separated natural land features accommodate heavy land working by pastureland management for wild- such as woodlands or streams and equipment; 130 quarter acre Lespe- life should also aid in determination are posted. Standard quarter-acre deza bicolor plots were installed ad- of the value of Lespedeza bicolor in woodland-pasture border food plots jacent to woodland or brush cover; wildlife management. are distributed in replication and and 100 acres of permanent or semi- Work on the other three phases of permanent food patches, ranging this project has now gone through I2 from to 7 acres were established. a reconnaissance stage. It is expected The development was designed FISH & GAME that as soon as graduate student primarily to benefit turkey and deer assistants can be assigned to these which are to b2 restocked in this Effective July 1, 1952, the South other phases, this entire project will area. Quail, Rabbi", Squirril, Ra- Carolina Fish and Game Department move ahead more intensively. Al- coon, Mourning Doves, and other became the South Carolina Wildlife ready, four Mourning Dove routes, resident or migratory wild life have Resources Commission. This com- correlated with a southeastern states benefited by ;he food patches. From mission is directed by a seven man study of the doves, have been set records kept on wildlife, there has board with one commission from up and run for one or two seasons. been a noticeable increase in Quail, each Congressional District and one A Dove Sanctuary of 650 acres has Rabbits, Waterfowl, and particularly at large. These men are as follows; been established on the Clemson Squirrel. George Warren, chairman of Hamp- College land and several food plots However, much additional food de- ton; Edward B. Cantey of Columbia, totaling about 18 acres have been F. Smith, Jr., of Anderson; velopment is needed to increase the Brandon established with particular emphasis wildlife production on the entire J. Drayton Hopkins of Simpsonville; on attracting mourning doves. At 30,000 acres of the Clemson Land- R. A. Oliphant of Chester; D. T. Mc- the present time there are now on Use Area. Keithan of Dai-lington; and Edward the Clemson College lands, under W. Johnson of Spartanburg. The first posted protec.ion, three nnourning All of this preliminary work leads six board men listed represent the dove winter-concentra*ion areas up to and integrates with the project first, second, third, fourth, fifth, and which will be useful in banding and now in force. The investigation to sixth Congressional Districts of South mortality studies. be made under ihis project include: Carolina; and Mr. Johnson works at This project is unique in that it 1. Pasture land management for large. four wildlife. calls for the use of graduate student assistants who will pursue 2. Determination of the value of graduate studies at Clemson Col- Lespedeza bicolor in wildlife man- lege under the supervisioir of the agement. equi-distant on each of these sec- Entomology - Zoology Department., mor- tions at the ratio of one plot to 3. Study of Mourning Dove investiga- each twenty five acres of fenced and work on the four tality and the effects of Trichom- pastureland. Six variations in tional phases of the project. These oniasis on these birds. planting of these plots are being students are expected to spend two 4. Management of timberland for studies in- tested. years in graduate and wildlife. vestigational work. Iir this, Clem- A study area of 2,200 acres of Lespedeza bicolor, Rosa multiflora, son College in cooperation with the Land-Use pastureland, and Lespedeza Sericea are being Clemson State Department of Wildlife Re- under the supervision of the college used. The primary job of the in- sources, expects to train a nucleus Animal Husbandry Dept., has been vestigation will be to determine the of for the wildlife manage- set up for the invesigation on the influence of these plots on resident men pastureland management for wild- wildlife with particular emphasis on ment program in the state. TWENTY-FOUR THE AGR.ARIAN —

Editorial RELIGIOUS EMPHASIS WEEK By JOE O'CAJN. Associate Editor -^ Religious Emphasis Week at Clemson brings a sort of closeness and unity to all Clemsonians. It is a week set aside to bring about and to increase B-04 the real meaning of fellowship, brotherhood, and religion. In the past. Religious Emphasis Week has meant much to Clemson. Outstanding speak- Long Hall ers, forum leaders, and student church workers have made Clemson's Religious Emphasis Week a very successful one.

Reverend R. Wright Spears, president of Co- lumbia College, will be the student convocation speaker at Religious Emphasis Week this year, February 10-13. Again this year, seventeen dis- cussion leaders will visit the various R. O. T. C. companies; special Evening Watch and Morning Watch programs will be held.

The convocation speaker will deliver his mes- sages at 11-12 o'clock Tuesday through Friday, February 10-13 in^he College Chapel. Attendance is purely voluntary. Back Planning months in advance for the week's religious program are the follbwing executive committee heads to whom much credit is due: Pro- Yonder fessor Ben Goodale, faculty chairman, Thornwell Dunlap, student chairman, Mr. G. E- Metz, vice chairman, and Mr. J. R. Cooper, executive secretary. THE Come to church February 10-13. FROM OPEN SKIES TO THE SHELTER OF AN OFFICE

THE AGRARIAN has never been fortunate OUR SPECIAL THANKS: enough to boast of having an office before. We feel that this work room is a great advancement to- THE AGRARIAN owes its life and future ward the publication of greater Agrarians in the success plus a milhon thanks to T. L. Senn for future. his efforts in procuring our new office and to Dean H. P. Cooper for granting us the use of a THE AGRARIAN office is located in the base- room as an office. ment of Long Hall, B04. It is in this room that most of our work is accomplished. IRAN DELEGATE STUDIES

Bagher Kia, a Chief of State Representative of Iran and the Government, is to learn the stand- of Iran's seven year plan organization, was re- ard American method of ginning, grading, and cently on the Clemson Campus studying the mark- classifying raw cotton. After his four months tour eting and ginning of cotton. Mr. Kia made a two in the United States, mainly through the South, week tour of the cotton industries and facilities he will return to Iran to help develop their cotton in this area in addition to discussing his problems processing industries. and plans with the experts in the college and in Mr. Kia stated that he was very favorably im- the extension service. pressed by the efficiency of industry and agricul- Mr. Kia is from Tehran, the capital city of ture in the U. S. In addition, he stated that the Iran. His major task in the United States, as a response and cooperation given him at Clemson representative of the cotton processing companies was very satisfactory. JANUARY 1953 TWENTY-FIVE, — — —

WINTER CARE quick relief is available with a dip and slowly travel through the muscle. OF LIVESTOCK or spray of 1 pound BHC, 12 percent Finaly they emerge during the winter gamma isomer, per 10 gallons of in the back of the victim, where the Continued from Page 10 water. Submerge the whole hog when cycle starts all over again. The grubs or hair and skin, is a very trouble- using the dip, or if a spray is used may be squeezed from the backs of Burrowing some thing to animals. the pressure should be between 50 cattle, but if there are very many, a into the skin to lay eggs and con- and 250 pounds per square inch, using better practice is to use derris dust stantly piercing the skin to withdraw one-half to one gallon per animal. or 5 percent rotenone dust, rubbing lymph, mites cause irritation to the Do not use BHC within 30 days of it well into the backs so that it gets animal. The best control is to apply selling the hog because the fat ab- into the breathing pores of the grubs. one-half pound of chlorodane, 40 per- sorbs BHC and would impair the BHC spray is also good. The recom- cent wettable, to 10 gallons of water, quality of the bacon and the ham. mended mixture is 6 1-4 pounds of 1.63 pounds BHC, 12 percent gamma Cattle grubs are important too! USDA 6 percent gamma isomer BHC to lOO isomer, to 10 gallons of water or 1 estimates the damage done to meat gallons of water. Nozzle pressure pound of 25 percent lindane and 25 and hides at no less than 50 million should be at least 60 pounds per gallons of water. If cattle have wrin- dollars, but besides that, animals are square inch. These grubs also infect kled folds of skin about the neck injured by trying to escape from the deer, and birds, but do not infect you can be fully sure that mites are dreaded heel flies which are respon- horses and hogs. Since heel flies do there. sible for the cattle grubs. For 60 days not travel over a mile, neighboring Hogs are also bothered by mange during the winter the grubs are in livestock owners can get together and mites, not only in the winter but the backs of cattle. In South Caro-> prevent infeclion. All new cattle throughout the year, and the intense lina this period is from January to especially should be checked at the itching causes lowered gains. Areas March. During that time the control time the cattle grubs appear in the section of the country whence the first affected are around the eyes, should be administered, for soon after cattle ear, and nose, and then the neck, that the grubs drop to the ground and new came. grow into the dreaded heel flies. The shoulders and back become covered Feeding animals properly, treating heel fly's only purpose is to lay eggs. with these mites burrowing into the them kindly, and keeping them free She has no mouth with which she skin and often hiding under conceal- from pests and disease will result in can feed, she quickly dies. The eggs ment of a brown scurf. Hair falls out a contented, happy, and healthy herd. she lays hatch into grubs which bur- and a thick wrinkled skin appears. Dividends will be paid in the form of row directly into the skin and mus- Scabs may form which, when rubbed higher milk production, more beef cles, or if licked off by the animal off, leave the skin red or yellowish and pork, and better calf or pig with blood and serum. Control and they burrow through the intestines crops.

PRE-FORESTRY vast reservoir of knowledge and SOIL CONDITIONERS Continued from Pages 18 practical experience, a reservoir 13 which he will find to be invaluable Continued from Page foundation on which he can build to him throughout the rest of his ment of the soil structure and an with the technical knowledge which time in school and even afterward, increase in the water holding ca- he will receive at the institution when he is working in his chosen pacity in the soils treated with the where he finishes his education. An profession. synthetic soil conditioners. individual who has done average, or *A timber cruise is an inventory above average, work at Clemson will The synthetic soil conditioners may of the forest. complete article on have no trouble obtaining acceptance A have a permanent place in modern this type of work appeared in to any college in the United States the agriculture, but much research should November, 1950, issue the Agrarian offering forestry training. Because of of and must be done on these pro- in an article entitled this school's exceptional facilities for "Timber Cruis- ducts before they are released to ing," written forestry education, Clemson students by R. M. Farmer. the farmer in large quantities. Never who are finishing, or have already forget that soil is the greatest re- finished, their work at the University AGRONOMY STUDENTS source in the world, and every mea- of Michigan, the University of Continued from Page 16 sure should be taken to conserve it Georgia, North Carolina State, the Iher. There the students from the to the greatest extent. University of Florida, or Duke Grad- warm south were snowbound and uate School are better prepared for had to spend the night. The next the more technical aspects of for- morning the roads were cleared of "To have useful work to do and estry than the students who received the record 22 inch snowfall, and the take joy in it lifts the soul and light- their fundamental training at these students were able to return to Clem- ens the load and makes us colaborers colleges. son. The students indicated that they with God." The man who has finished the pre- enjoyed the trip very much and that • * forestry course at this institution they learned a great deal from the "When de preacher comes, de carries with him, when he leaves, a experiences. chickens cry." TWENTY-SIX THE AGRARIAN Horticulture- Continued from Page 12— BEAUTIFUL

oil. Years ago this plant was grown as a source of seed for wild and do- mestic or cage birds. You may know Hill it the Holly as Benne. Should you know Inn plant by that name, you also know that it is used in candy and cookies. Greenville Hi-Way V2 Mile East of Clemson Not only that, you probably consume the oil of the seed everyday in many « things you eat. The commercial pro- Delicious Steaks ducts, oleomargarine and shortening may someday contain largely sesame ^^, Home Made And oil. These plants are native of India, Pies Chops China, Mexico and South America, i where the latter two have devoted large acreages to sesame culture. — Much progress has been made in this — Nothing Finer In Carolina field. The original sesame plants were dehiscent (the seed pods would open, expelling the seed). This meant a pep- culiar quality that there could be only a limited sort workers have developed of spinelessness. per too hot to pick. Wherever this yield since most of the seed would Pimento peppers developed at pepper is grown, there is always fall to the ground, rendering itself Clemson are being checked by the trouble getting laborers to pick it. unusable. Research has brought about Kraft Cheese Company for adapta- Do you like hot pepper? Well, a new type, indehiscent, which can bility in the process of making cheese here's orte straight from the fire! be harvested by a combine. How- spreads. ever, as in any scientific endeavor, Recently, a happy mother wrote a Aromatic tobacco, an agronomic there are still problems to overcome; letter of appreciation to the horticul- crop is having its aromatic qualities primarily, that of breeding into the tural department here at Clemson tested and improved by the horti- sesame plant, resistance to bacteria praising its members for the remark- culturists. and alternaria leaf spot. able work accomplished with canned peaches. She stated that her child Clemson's peach pitter removes the Speaking of problems, did you has a "sparrow-like" appetite for seed of approximately forty bushels know that South Carolina has lost everything except Clemson peaches. of peaches per hour. Also the con- undetermined sums of money be- He even asks for seconds when tinuous cooker now cooks in five cause of COLOR. Yes, color in the CLEMSON PEACHES are on the minutes what would ordinarily re- Cayenne Pepper. The pod of the table. Although the horticultural de- quire twenty-five minutes. peppers has a tendency to lose its partment of Clemson does not process These are only a few of the steps red color after it is picked and its peaches commercially, the pro- dried. The manufacturers refused in the progress of horticultural sci- duct is known throughout the United ence. It is to see horti- to buy the pepper because of its ab- easy why States. The canned peaches are revo- normal brown color; so South Caro- culture is such a necessity in our lutionary in flavor, color, and general lina research men went to work modern age. We either use or enjoy appearance, and this was brought on the project. After eight long its products in our occupation or result class, experimen- years, they discovered a substance about as a of ravishly consume them in our every- tal, and research which would retain the red color work. day life. to various degrees. The use of anti- There are numerous other projects If plants have been cultivated 10,- oxidants, the same material used of this nature being worked on at 000 to 12,000 years, then it must be in lard and shortening to prevent Clemson as well as other colleges true that horticulture is the father rancidity, have shown great possi- and experiment stations. of all plant sciences. bilities. Further research and ob- Some of these include: Perilla, a The author has endeavored to give servation brought about a revival genus of Asiatic mints, the seed of the reader an understandable and of the Cayenne Pepper industry iit which provides an oil used in paints practical knowledge of horticulture

South Carolina. Incidentally, ap- and varnishes for good drying qual- as it applies to everyone, and his fer- plication for patent has been made ities. vent hope is that one and all will with the United States Patent Of- Clemson Spineless Okra is a popu- realize its important role in our fice. lar vegetable crop in many sections search for beauty, health, and a long This is really "Hot" news! Clem- of our country because of its pe- happy life.

JANUARY 1953 TWENTY-SEVEN sales promotion, the PMA honey ly meet with the Federation are: price support program, and problems Leslie Little, Shelbyville, Tennessee, relating to adequate polination of ag- president; J. W. Newton, Baton ricultural crops by bees. A matter of Rouge, Louisiana, vice-president; and special concern to a large number of R. S. Weaver, Jr., Navasota, Texas, southern bee producers and discussed secre' ary-treasurer. at length, was the increasingly high express rates on the many tons of live honey bees moved each spring from THE PEACH southern bee yards to northern bee- CENTER keepers for honey production and Spartanburg county has more peach crop pollination. trees than any other county in the Clemson College and South Caro- U. S. lina beekeeping attained recognition Counties: in the election of Professor Dunavan Spartanburg, 1950--2,545,671 trees president organization as of the for 1945--2,021,049 trees the coming year. Other officers are Stanislous „ 1950--1,979,404 trees Leslie Lewis of Havana, Florida, vice- Calif. 1945--1,904,544 trees president and Mr. W. E. Blasingame Barrien . 1950--1,854,888 trees the of Georgia Department of Ento- Mich. 1945--2,332,605 trees mology, Atlanta, secretary-treasurer. Sutter 1950--1,568,388 trees The next annual meeting will likely Calif. 1945--1,661,956 trees Prof Dunavan be held in Georgia or South Carolina. The last time the organization met in The first name of the agricultural DUNAVAN REPRESENTS this section of the South was in 1948 publication of Clemson was called when it was held in Greenville, South STATE AT CONVENTION "The Clemson Agricultural Journal." Carolina. A recent event of interest to bee- keepers of South Carolina was the Officers of the American Bee The first Agrarian was published annual meeting of the Southern Breeders' Association which will like- in December 1938. States Beekeeping Federation in Ba- ton Rouge, Louisiana on December

1st and 2nd. ,

Professor David Dunavan of the Entomology Department was the only representative from South Carolina WOOD'S present. He states that this organization is the oldest organization representing primarily southern beekeep- SEEDS ing interests, and is, in fac., one of the oldest beekeeping organizations in the entire United States. The Am- erican Bee Breeders' Association Headquarters for which met with the older organization is of more recent origin though FLOWER, FIELD, it, too has its membership mainly in the South. GARDEN SEEDS, The combined meeting was one of HYBRID CORN the largest held in recent years in the South. Honey producers, package bee Bred by the producers and queen bee producers as well as representatives of state and Largest Southern |r. federal research and extension organ- Seed House ?f WOODS izations were present. In all, nine (tSEEDSj states and the District of Columbia as well. WOODSV Many problems of national scope I seeds] T.W. WOOD & SONS as well as those of concern to south- RICHMOND, VA. • V ^ - ern beekeeping had places on the SEEDSMEN SINCE 1879 program and were discussed at length. Some of these were: honey TWENTY-EIGHT THE AGRARIAN — —

Agrarian Philosophy (Con't.) ful preparation of the soil, and well trained and diligent workmen to carry the plans to com- WHAT CAN THE FARMER pletion- In 1953, may the American farmer not put all LOOK FOR IN 1953 of his eggs in one basket, but strive to fill all bas- kets to the brim and thus receive greater returns than Continued from Page 19— he has ever experienced. Farming is a good business so let's strive to make it a bigger and for more sacrifices, more diversification, and bet- better business in 1953. ter farming methods by the American farmer.

The young farmer is faced with the problem of being able to establish his farming operations so that a tour of duty in the will service not wreck First Farmer: "Which is correct: A hen is sittin' or his future. More than one herd of cattle has had to hen is settin' "? be sold because there was no one to carry on the operation after the young man received his orders. Second Farmer: "I don't know, and I don't care. All I bother about is when she cackles—is she laying or is However, the American farmer must not be- she lying?" come discouraged. There are those who look down on the "tiller of the soil," but a thinking and rea- soning man can hardly have this idea. Farmers do Here a problem that not expect to make great fortunes, but their reward comes in the performance of their task. Gives us the jitters; In conclusion we might say that the farm How can rabbits find program can not be allowed to remain at a stand- Enough baby sitters? still. It must get out of the rut and move for- It was their first date and they were both thinking about ward to bigger and better things. The farm pro- the same thing. gram must produce more food and fiber from fewer cultivated areas with less labor. This is go- She called it mental telepathy, He called it beginners ing to require early planning and financing, care- luck.

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JANUARY 1953 TWENTY-NINE GARDENING IN HUNGRY PLANTS TELL THEIR STORY! THE SOUTH By T,he MASTER GARDENER Garden plants, even as you and I make up the remaining 5% of the CARING FOR POINSETTIAS need a balanced diet. Plants are liv- plant's weight. These elements must ing things which must have certain come either from the soil or from the Potted poinsettias may be kept in nutrient elements for normal growth plant foods supplied by man. When any warm place and watered very and development. Underfed plants, one or more of them is lacking, the sparingly during their rest period like starving people tend to become plants will, in their characteristic after blooming. If the leaves fall off puny, sick and ill formed. They way, show hunger signs. When plants during this period, no harm is done. display their symptoms for everyone are literally "starving to death" the It is not usually necessary to repot to see. Plants need many elements symptoms are fairly easy to recog- them as long as the soil in which to grow well. Carbon, hydrogen, ni- nize but when they are merely "hun- they are planted is not too heavy trogen, and oxygen comprise about gry," diagnosing the trouble is more and drains well. They will do better 95% of their dry weight of the plant. difficult even though yields may be in an alkaline rather than in acid Practically all of the carbon comes reduced or blocms become inferior in soil. The old stalk may be cut back from the carbon dioxide in the air size and color. within two buds of the soil line. To while hydrogen and much of the oxy- Why do we hear so much about make cuttings of the stalks that are gen comes from water taken in by hungry plants today when so little removed, cut off each section below the roots. The rest of the oxygen is was said about them a few years ago? the bottom bud about half an inch obtained from the air. Although air In the first place, our soils are be- above the top bud. Put the cuttings also contains 78% nitrogen, no plants, coming older and much of the plant into sand or light, well drained soil with the exception of legumes, are food has been removed by cropping until rooted. If the plants are grown able to use this source, and must de- and erosion. Infertile subsoil covers in the open and there is danger of pend upon the supply in the soil. many a newly graded lot in newly freezing, they may be cut back al- built-up areas. Altogether, this pre- most to the ground level and then The other necessary elements, cal- sents an area of nutrient deficient covered with straw. In the spring cium, magnesium, sulphur, iron, bo- soil. So be prepared for hunger signs, after they begin to grow, they can ron, maganese, copper, zinc and and beat them to the punch with reg- be pruned or pinched back until about molybdenum, plus a host of other ular plant food applications to your the middle of August. Do not prune elements not known to be essential, lawn and garden. after this date because the new growth may not mature enough to produce good flowers for Christmas. They will require little plant food Now that the days are growing FACTS AND FIGURES until the flower bracts begin to show, longer and house plants are growing aside from a teaspoonful of Vigoro more rapidly, feed them every two Today you can see the greatest con- worked into the soil when growth weeks, with new watersoluble Instant centration of peach trees in the world begins, which is beneficial. When the Vigoro. Just dissolve two level table- around Spartanburg. In 1923 South flowers begin to form, give them an- spoonsful per gallon of water and Carolina shipped 16 carloads of other teaspoon of plant food to each apply as you would a regular water- peaches, but in 1951 the shipment was 10-inch pot or, if growing outside, a ing. half a cup worked into the soil. <: ^ $ increased to 11,000 cars. Since 1946 In California, get your fuchsias South Carolina rail shipment of ready for the coming season by prun- peaches has led all other states by ing them after all danger of frost is a substantial margin, and has reached GARDENING over. Potted specimens should be TIPS fed with three or four Vigoro tablets a peak shipment of 769 cars in one depending upon the size of the pot. day. It takes 40,000 people to get By THE MASTER GARDENER Spartanburg peaches ready to roll Agriculture and some of them come from 100 In the lower South, plant Easter "There seem to be but three ways lilies, day lilies and even gladiolus for a ncition to acquire wealth. The miles away. All of these instances along the gulf coast and in Florida. first is by war, as the Romans did, again indicate that the Spartanburg nursery stock while the plants Move in plunging their conquered neigh- Section dominates the peach situa- are still dormant. bors. This is robbery. The second is tion during its peak movement. by commerce, which is generally * cheating. The third by agriculture, * the only way, wherein man Remember if you use salt for honest 'Masa' is a staple food in Mexico con- sidewalk snow and ice, that the salt receives a real increase of the made by mixing corn with slaked solution is not only damaging to the tinual miracle, wrought by the hand lime and after steeping for several lawn grass, but will also destroy soil as God in favor, as a reward for his hours in hot water, it is drained, structure by causing puddling or run- innocent life and his virtuous indus- ning together. try.' —Benjamin Franklin washed and ground into a dough. THIRTY THE AGRARIAN Country Things, This and That

DrganizG FFA Groups Right; Chapters Serve Community The Journal By JOE O'CAIN "Learning to do, doing to learn, earning to live, living to serve." That's the Future Farmer's of America Press motto—and those few phrases mean a lot when you come down to brass tacks! The F. F. A. began as a national organization in 1928 and was founded by Henry Groceclose. Since that OFFICE time F. F. A. chapters have sprouted up all over the country and are growing into real farm businesses. Those FORMS young farmer organizations assist new farmers to become BOOKS established on the farm. It helps them to work and plan together; it gives the opportunity to render community NEWSPAPERS service; it promotes rural leadership. PURPOSE OF F. F. A. With many F. F. A. chapters throughout the country trying to organize their program of work for the year, probably a general review of the purposes, organization, given without obligation. and various ideas along the future farmer line would be Estimates of benefit to many. First of all, the chief purpose of the organization is Phone 666 — Seneca, S. C. to develop competent aggressive rural and agricultural leadership and to create a love of country life. m FOUNDATION BLOCKS The F. F. A. chapter is a service organization which constantly learns by doing. The foundation blocks of the chapter are the same used in any service organization, only more widely expanded. Be- ginning from the bottom, leadership, Bees Distribute Gold character building, sportsmanship, cooperation, service, and thrift, joined with scholarship, steadfasts improved agriculture and citizenship.^ In Orchard ORGANIZATION One optimistic entomologist has One case in which the honey bee Officers consisting of the president, said that a thriving beekeeping in- filled the apple producers' pockets vice president, secretary, treasurer, dustry keeps our agricultural nation full of gold is illustrated as follows: reporter, advisor and sentinel are from suffering. He's right! An orchard owner on Lake Ontario elected as soon as all members be- bee governs the had 50 acres of apple trees well income familiar with the purposes and In many cases the terplanted with pollinated varieties,, fruit. True, many fruit program of work. With the assist- production of bees, but but very little fruit was set each ance of the advisor, nine standing trees are self-pollinated by year. An investigation of this poor committees are then organized. The in the case of self-sterile, they must production showed that only eight in- usual committees are supervised consequently be cross-pollinated by insects found in eleven farming, cooperation, community bees, the wind, or by hand labor. dividual were service, leadership, earning and sav- You can imagine how expensive hand days of collecting, indicating the lack ing, conduct-the-meeting, scholar- pollination would be. Such self- of pollinators. The following year, ship, recreation, and general. sterile fruit trees, as in the case of sixty colonies of bees were introduced the apple varieties, must be cross- The Secretary's job is one of the into the orchard. Production in- pollinated in order to set fruit. Here's most important. He's expected to the ever working little bee creased from 750 to 35,000 bushels! keep records of meetings, activities, where comes into the picture. Since the provide statements of businesses, fur- Clovers, alfalfas, vetches, and many nature of apple pollen is quite heavy nish chairman with lists of commit- other pasture crops will show the of the honey tees and its members, take care of all and sticky, the presence same results when extensive honey correspondence, and to be familiar bee in the apple orchard is a must in with the state constitution. successful fruit production. bee pollination is used.

JANUARY 1953 THIRTY-ONK TALL CORN And then there was the student who wrote: "Virgin A mountaineer of one of the back counties of Kentucky wool comes from the sheep who can run the fastest." was arranged with several others for illegal distilling. * * "Defendant," said the judge, "what is your name?" RAMMER JAMMER •Joshua," replied the man. A tobacco farmer was asked why he refused to allow his "Are you the man who made the Sun stand still?" daughter to enroll in college. Quick as a flash came the answer, "No, sir; I am the "Wal," he replied, "I started gittin' mad when they told man who made the moonshine." her to go to the Registrar's Office to matriculate, but by cracky, I shore put my foot down when they said that A cow-puncher ordered a steak at a restaurant. The she had to use the same curriculum as the men!" waiter brought it in rare—very rare. The cow-puncher * * looked at it and demanded that it be returned to the Once there was a traveling salesman. He was new to kitchen and cooked. the job but he had heard a lot of jokes about farmers' — "It's cooked, replied the waiter. daughters. So when it got late, instead of stopping in "Cooked nothing," replied the cow-puncher. "I've seen town, he went to the nearest farmhouse. The people — cows hurt worse than that and get well." were very hospitable; they invited him to spend the * * night. They had a Daughter! And as usual there were only two bedrooms, one for the couple; and the salesman A woman may be as old as she looks, but a man is old was told to sleep in the daughter's room. if he doesn't. » ? About nine o'clock they all went to bed for a good night's rest. The next morning, the farmer got up, his wife got A wedding ring is like a tourniquet'. It stops your cir- up, the salesman got up, and the daughter got home culation. from college. * * * * There was a little country girl who came to college and "I had to run into a fence to keep from hitting a cow always went out with city fellers because farm hands standing in the middle of the road," the motorist com- were too rough. plained to the judge. "Was it a Jersey cow?" the judge * * asked. "I don't know. I didn't see the license plates." "Ever kiss a girl in a quiet spot?"

* * "Yes, but it was only quiet when I was kissing it." Big drop of ink: "Where has your big brother been * * lately. Father—Are they strict at Clemson? Little drop of ink: "Haven't you heard? He's in the Son—Well, one fellow died in class, and they propped pen, finishing a sentence." him up until the lecture ended.

A little city boy who had been to the country, was de- The student gets the magazine, scribing to another boy friend the big pig he had seen. The school gets the fame. "It was in a pen," he said, "and was afraid of all the The printer gets the money. little pigs. They would chase the big pig all over the The editor gets the blame. pen, around and around, and pretty soon it fell with —The Tiger exhaustion, and the little pigs pounced upon the big * * pig and ate all of the buttons his off vest." Clemson Cadet: I'm groping for words. * * Winthrop girl: I think that you are looking in the wrong REVENGE—The bull gored the car of the veterinarian place. —The Tiger who was the artificial insemination agent. * *

He: "What would you say if I stole a kiss?" LOVE COWS? She: "What would you say too a guy who had a chance It was late dusk; the moon was just showing on the ho- to steal an automobile and only took the windshield rizon. The farm boy and the girl from town were leaning wiper? -The Tiger on the pasture bars watching the calf and its mother rubbing noses. He: You look like a million dollars. "Gee!" said the farm boy, "I'd like to be doing that." She: Yes, and I'm just as hard to make. —Show Me "Go ahead," smiled the girl. "It's your cow." * * * He: "There's a long tunnel ahead. Are you afraid?" Prosecuting Attorney: "It's my duty to tell you that She: "Not if you take the cigar out of your mouth." everything you say will be held against you."

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