Bulletin of the European Union

lssN 0378-3693 European Commission Bulletin of the European Union

*t xr * t * l- * 7?*

5 .1995 The Bulletin of the European Union reports on the activities of the Commission and the other Community institutions. lt is produced by the Secretariat-General of the European Commission and published l0times a year in the official European languages.

The following reference system is used: the first digit indicates the part number, the second digit the chapter number and the subsequent digit or digits the point number. Citations should therefore read as follows: Bull 1/2-1994, point 1.1.1 or 2.2.3.

Supplements to the Bulletin are published in a separate series at irregular intervals. They contain official Commission material (e.9. communications to the Council, programmes, reports and proposals).

European Commission Secretariat-General Editorial team: rue de la Loi 200 - B-1049 Brussels - Tel. 2957930

Sent to press in July 1995

O ECSC-EC-EAEC, Brussels o Luxembourg, 1995 Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged.

Printed in France European Commission Bulletin of the European Union

5 .1995 Bulletin information service

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References in the text

References to other parts of the same issue of the Bulletin are given in parentheses in text, thus 1-+ point 2.1.53).

Standardized abbreviations for the designation of certain monetary units in the different languages of the Community. BFR = Belgische frank / Franc belge DKR = Dansk krone DM = Deutsche Mark DR = Greek drachma ESC = Escudo FF = Franc frangais FMK = Suomen markka HFL = Nederlandse gulden (Hollandse florijn) IRL = lrish pound / punt LFR = Franc luxembourgeois LIT = Lira italiana OS = Osterreichische Schilling PTA = Peseta SKR = Svensk Krona UKL = Pound sterling USD = United States dollar Contents

Part One ACTIVITIES IN MAY 1995

News in brief 6

I Union citizenship 8

2 Human rights 9 3 The Community economic and social area t2 Implementation of the White Paper on growth, competitiveness and employment t2 Economic and monetary policy t2 Internal market t5 Competition t9 Enterprise policy 25 Research and technology 25 Education, vocational training and youth 26 Economic and social cohesion 26 Trans-European networks 29 Energy 30 Transport 3l The information society, telecommunications JJ Environment 36 Agriculture 39 Fisheries 43 Employment and social policy 45 Equal opportunities 46 Solidarity 46 Public health 47 Consumer policy 48 Culture 48 Information, communication and audiovisual media 49

Role of the Union in the world 50 Common foreign and security policy 50 International organizations and conferences 54 Common commercial policy 57 Development policy 59 Humanitarian aid 60 European Economic Area (EEA), European Free Trade Associ- ation (EFTA) 62 Central and Eastern Europe, Baltic States 62 Mediterranean and Middle East 67 Independent States of the former Soviet Union; Mongolia 69 United States, Japan and other industrialized countries 72 Asia 74 Latin America 75 ACP countries, South Africa and OCTs 78 Diplomatic relations 80

5 Justice and home affairs cooperation 8l

6 Financing Community activities 82 Budgets 82 Financial operations 82

7 Statistical system 83

8 Community law 85 Monitoring the application of Community law 85 Decisions by the Court of Justice and the Court of First Instance 87

9 Institutional affairs 90

10 Community institutions 98 Parliament 98 Council 99 Commission l0l European Investment Bank r01 Economic and Social Committee 103 Part Two DOCUMENTATION

I The ecu 106

) Additional references in the Olficial Journal 108

3 Corrigenda ll0

4 Index lll ffi&mT 0ruffi ACTIVITIES IN MAY 1995 News in brief

Human rights

I The Commission adopts a communication and the Council adopts conclusions on the inclusion of a clause on respect for human rights in international agreements concluded by the Com- munity 1+ points 1.2.2 and 1.2.3).

Community economic and social area

Economic and monetary policy

I The Commission adopts a Green Paper on the practical arrangements for the introduction of the single currency and a recommendation for the broad guidelines of the economic policies of the Member States and the Community (- points 1.3.7 and 1.3.9).

Research and technology n The Commission adopts a communication on prospects for cooperation in science and tech- nofogy with the new independent States (- point 1.3.46).

Energy r The Commission adopts a proposal for a Regulation adopting a multiannual programme to promote international cooperation in the energy sector (Synergy) (- point 1.3.65).

Transport r The Commission adopts a communication, a proposal for a Directive, and two proposals for Regulations on a common policy on the organization of the inland waterway transport market (+ point 1.3.72).

Info rmation society, te lecommunicat ions

I The Commission approves the Info 2000 programme to stimulate the development of a Euro- pean multimedia content industry in the emerging information society (+ point 1.3.84). n The Commission adopts a communication on a methodology for the implementation of information society applications and a proposal for a Decision on a series of guidelines for trans- European telecommunications networks (- point 1.3.78).

Environment

The Commission adopts an amended proposal for a Directive introducing a tax on carbon dioxide emissions and energy (- point 1.3.85).

Bull. EU 5-1995 News in brief

Agriculture

tr The Commission adopts a proposal for a Regulation regulating compensation for reductions in the agricultural conversion rates of certain national currencies ( + point 1.3.96).

Role of the Union in the world

Central and Eastern Europe, Baltic States

tr The Commission adopts a White Paper on preparing the associated countries of Central and Eastern Europe for integration into the internal market of the European Union (+ point 1.4.63).

Independent States of the former Soviet (Jnion, Mongolia tr The Commission adopts two communications and two draft common positions on future relations with Russia and with the Transcaucasian Republics (* points 1.4.78 and l.4.lg).

United States, Japan and other industrialized countries

tr The Council adopts conclusions on the communication 'Europe and Japan: the next steps' 1 + point 1.4.91).

Latin America

tr The Commission adopts a communication on the strengthening of relations between the European Union and Chile (+ point I .4.102). tr A solemn joint declaration is signed between the Council and the Commission and Mexico (+ point 1.4.104).

Institutional affairs

tr The institutions present their contributions for the reflection group set up to prepare for the 1996 Intergovernmental Conference: Commission report, Parliament resolution and Court of Justice and Court of First Instance reports 1+ points 1.9. I to 1.9.4).

Bull. EU 5-1995 1. Union citizenship

Freedom of movement and right of the introduction of a uniform format for visas residence for non-Community nationals. This single, clearly identifiable visa will be issued by the Member States and will include all the necessary Non-Community nationals information; it will meet the highest technical 1.1.1. Council Regulation laying down a uni- standards, notably as regards safeguards against falsihcation, and will guaran- form format for visas. counterfeiting and tee protection of the personal data involved. Commission proposal: OJ C 238, 26.8.1994; COM(94) 287; Bull. 'll8-1994, point l.l.l Parliament opinion: OJ C 43, 20.2.1995; Bull. Right of petition and right of access 1/2-1995, point 1.1.1 to the Ombudsman Council agreement: Bull. 3-1995, point 1.1.1 1.1.2. Parliament decision amending Article Adopted on 29 May. Under Article l00c(3) of 159 of its Rules of Procedure on appointment of the EC Treaty, the Council adopted measures for the Ombudsman (- point l.l0.l).

Bull. EU 5-1995 2. Human rights

European Union countries which would enable the parties, in cases of serious and persistent human rights violations, to re- immediate effect. This comprises the 1.2.1. Parliament resolution on the kidnapping act with following: of Mr Jos6 Maria Aldaya by ETA 1"+ point 1.s.2). tr in the preamble: pertinent references to respect for human rights in general and to universal and/or regional instruments; Actions outside the European Union tr in the body of the agreement: an Article X defining democratic principles and fundamental 1.2.2. Commission communication on the human rights as an 'essential element' of the inclusion of respect for democratic principles agreement; an Article Y on non-execution, in and human rights in agreements between the cases of breach of an essential element of the Community and third countries. agreement, which allows the parties to take appropriate measures after consulting the Associ- References: ation or Cooperation Council, except in cases of Parliament resolution on human rights in the special urgency; European Union's foreign policy: OJ C 128, 9.5.1994; Bull. 4-1994, point 1.3.94 tr annexed to the agreement: two declarations Parliament resolution on human rights in the interpreting Article Y, defining the terms 'cases world, 1993-94, and EU human rights policy: OJ of special urgency' and 'appropriate measures'. C 126, 22.5.1995; Bull. 4-1995, point 1.2.3 coM(gs) 216 Adopted on 23 May. One of the clearest ways in 1.2.3. Council conclusions on human rights which the Community demonstrates its commit- clauses in Community agreements with non- ment to respect for fundamental rights and dem- member countries. ocratic principles is by including them in its Reference: Commission communication on the contractual relations with non-member coun- inclusion of respect for democratic principles and adopted a tries. To this end, the Commission human rights in agreements between the Commu- communication with the aim of improving the nity and third countries: point I .2.2 of this Bulle- consistency, transparency and visibility of the tin Community approach, and assessing the practices that have evolved. Adopted on 29 May. In response to the Commis- sion communication of 23May, the Council The communication, addressed to the Council approved a suspension mechanism to be and Parliament, lends established practices for- included in Community agreements with non- mal recognition, while providing a comprehen- member countries to enable the Community to sive and reasoned approach to Community pol- react immediately in the event of violation of icy in this field. Reviewing the wordings used essential aspects of those agreements, parti- over the last two yers, the communication con- cularly human rights. firms the importance of acknowledging human MrJos6 Ayala-Lasso, United Nations rights as a matter of common interest, part of the 1.2.4. Commissioner for Human Rights, paid a dialogue between the parties and an instrument High on 22 and 23May. for the implementation of positive measures to visit to the Commission promote their observance. References: Council Decision 941697|CFSP concerning the Accordingly, the Commission intends to include common position on the objectives and priorities in all new agreements concluded by the Com- of the European Union vis-ri-vis Rwanda: OJ L munity with non-member countries a reference 283,29.10.1994; Bull. lO-1994, point 1.3.4

Bull. EU 5-1995 Human rights

Common position 95/9I/CFSP defined by the from the Panam project to aid which would bet- Council with regard to Burundi: OJ L 72, ter serve the Tibetan people and to make the 1.4.1995: Bull. point 1.4.94 3-1995, granting of aid to China conditional upon respect for fundamental human rights, particularly Mr Ayala-Lasso saw Mr Santer, Mr Marfn, in Tibet. called on the Mr de Deus Pinheiro and Mr Van den Broek. It Chinese authorities to release all persons detained solely The aim of the visit was to improve the coor- for exercising their right to freedom and to freedom dination between UN and Union activities of expression and urged the European intended to uphold and promote human rights. Union to call for a substantive dialogue preconditions He reiterated the need to extend the mission of without to take place between the Tibetan government-in- the human rights observers in Rwanda, send ob- exile and the Chinese government servers to Burundi and launch joint initiatives to in order to find constructive train human rights observers. a solution to the situation in Tibet. Lastly, Parliament called on the Chinese authorities to abandon policy and legislation Algeria aimed at forcing women to use birth control methods. 1.2.5. Parliament resolution on support for oJ c l5t. 19.6.1995 Algerian women. 1.2.7. Parliament resolution on the organiza- References: tion by the Chinese government of the Fourth Parliament resolution on the dangerous situa- World Conference on Women in Beijing. tion in Algeria: OJ C 89, 10.4. 1995; Bull. 3-1995, point 1.2.3 Adopted on 18 May. Parliament urged the Chi- Parliament resolution on the situation in Alge- nese government to guarantee freedom of ria: OJ C 109. 1.5.1995; Bull.4-1995. point 1.2.4 speech and the press and to lift any exclusion of Adopted on l9May. Noting the latest threats categories of women because of their views, ori- made by the GIA (Armed Islamic Group) gin or sexual orientation. It called on the Chi- against women, Parliament reiterated its con- nese government to allow women from Taiwan demnation of terrorist actions, rapes and mur- and Tibet who are accredited to NGOs to attend ders perpetrated by terrorist groups and those the World Conference on Women to be held in Beijing behind them. It saluted the courage of the in September 1995 and to relocare the women of Algeria who were risking their lives NGO Forum at a site close enough to the official to continue their struggle against fundamental- conference to allow easy communication be- ism and any model of society which excluded tween the two. them from social, economic and political life oJ c l5l, t9.6.t995 and in favour of democracy and respect for basic human rights. Parliament called on all European Guinea citizens, associations, regional and local authorities, parliaments and governments to demon- 1.2.8. Parliament resolution on the elections in strate their solidarity with Algerian women and Guinea. called on the Commission and the to Council Adopted on 18 May. Parliament hoped that the take steps to this effect. first pluralist legislative elections in Guinea oJ c l5l, t9.6.1995 scheduled for I I June would pass off peacefully and in conditions of the strictest impartiality and China called for the right to free expression and to information to be guaranteed. It resolved to send 1.2.6. Parliament resolution on Tibet. a team of observers from Parliament, at least l0 days before polling. Adopted on 18 May. Noting the objective of the oJ c t51, 19.6.1995 Panam rural integrated project of increasing the food surplus produced by the region for distribu- Equatorial Guinea tion to other parts of Tibet, in particular those with a non-Tibetan population, Parliament 1.2.9. Parliament resolution on the human called on the Commission to redeploy resources rights situation in Equatorial Guinea.

10 Bull. EU 5-1995 Human rights

Reference: Parliament resolution on the situation Rwanda in Equatorial Guinea: OJ C 89, 10.4.1995; Bull. 3-1995, point 1.2.6 1.2.11. Parliament resolution on the situation Adopted on 18 May. Parliament condemned the in Rwanda. systematic violation of human rights, exempli- fied by the arrest and torture of members of the Adopted on l8 May. Padiament condemned the opposition on the eve of the municipal elections slaughter of Hutu refugees in the Kibeho camp in May. It called for an end to the repression of on 22 April and called upon the Rwandan gov- democratic opposition party leaders and activists ernment to cooperate fully with the independent and for the granting of a general amnesty to all committee inquiry set up to political prisoners prior to the holding of the international of responsible for the massacre, in elections. Lastly, Parliament considered that identify those bring them to justice as soon as pos- since no progress had been made, cooperation order to called the European Union to con- with Equatorial Guinea should be suspended. sible. It on oJ c l5l, 19.6.r99s tribute to the speedy implementation of the UN Security Council decision to set up an interna- Pakistan tional tribunal to try the perpetrators of the gen- prerequisite for national 1.2.10. Parliament resolution on the murder in ocide, as an essential countries har- Pakistan of Iqbal Masih, symbol of the fight reconciliation, and called on the hand them against child slavery. bouring Rwandan war criminals to over to be tried by that court. Adopted on 18 May. Profoundly shocked by the oJ c l5l, 19.6.1995 murder on 16 April in Murtque, near Lahore, of the young Pakistani Iqbal Masih, aged 12, who was leading the campaign against the forced labour of children in his country, Parliament Financing condemned those responsible for the murder and urged the authorities to do all in their power to 1.2.12. Financing for projects to promote de- bring to justice those who instigated that crime mocracy and human rights. and those who carried it out. It encouraged the government to pursue its campaign against child slavery and to implement existing legislation on Adopted on 2 May. Decision to grant ECU this matter. I million towards the local and legislative elec- oJ c l5l, 19.6.1995 tions to be held in Haiti in June.

Bull. EU 5-1995 11 3. The Community economic and social area

Implementation of the White Economic growth and the Paper on growth, environment competitiveness and 1.3.6. Proposal for a Council Directive intro- employment ducing a tax on carbon dioxide emissions and energy (+ point 1.3.85).

Growth Economic and monetary 1.3.1. Commission recommendation for the broad guidelines of the economic policies of the policy Member States and the Community ( + point r.3.9). Economic and monetary union

Practical arrangements the Trans-European networks for introduction of the single currency

1.3.2. Proposal for a Parliament and Council 1.3.7. Commission Green Paper on the practi- Decision laying down a series of guidelines on cal arrangements for the introduction of the sin- trans-European energy networks (+ point gle currency. 1.3.s9). Adopted on 3l May. The Commission has three main objectives in presenting this Green Paper: 1.3.3. Proposal for a Council Decision laying to reduce the uncertainties surrounding the down a series of measures aimed at creating a changeover to the single currency by presenting more favourable context for the development of a reference scenario, to draw up an exhaustive trans-European networks in the energy sector ( ) list of the problems linked to the introduction point 1.3.60). of the single currency by proposing solutions that 1.3.4. Proposal for a Parliament and Council demonstrate the project's technical feasibility, Decision on Community guidelines for the de- and to define a communications strategy with a velopment of the trans-European transport net- view to winning popular support for the idea of work (+ point 1.3.61). a single currency and explaining how it will be introduced.

The central element of this Green Paper is a Information society three-phase scenario (see Table l): tr In phase A, the European Council will decide 1.3.5. Commission communication to the to launch the single currency and will designate Council, Parliament, the Economic and Social the countries which meet the convergence crite- Committee and the Committee of the Regions ria and thus may take part in this process in ac- on a methodology for the implementation of cordance with Article l09j(3) and (4) of the EC information society applications and a proposal Treaty; for a Parliament and Council Decision on a tr Phase B, which must begin no later than series of guidelines for trans-European telecom- l2 months after phase A, is when economic and munications networks (+ point 1.3.78). monetary union actually enters into force, with t2 Bull. EU 5-1995 Economic and monetary policy the irrevocable fixing of parities. During this lation of two sets of banknotes and coins over a phase, a 'critical mass' of ecu-denominated prolonged period; finally, it is consistent with financial transactions will have be built around a the democratic decisions of the Member States single monetary policy and the issue of new as enshrined in the Treaty on European Union. public debt; The Commission also draws up an exhaustive n Phase C, which will commence no later than list of the legal and technical problems posed by three years after phase B, will see the comple- the introduction of the single currency for banks tion of the transitional phase, with the rapid and other financial institutions, financial mar- introduction of new banknotes and coins and the kets and payments systems, enterprises, admin- general changeover of means of payment. istrations and consumers. It stresses that the main users will have to make the necessary Under the EC Treaty, the actual launch of EMU changes without delay and points out that it will (phase B) could take place by the end of 1997 at be necessary to guarantee by legislative means the earliest but will happen automatically no lat- the legal continuity of contracts after the er than I January 1999. The Commission pro- changeover to the single currency, proposing poses that the periods given in the reference sce- that consultations begin with a view to establish- nario be viewed as maximum periods and that ing a legal framework at Community level by the dates fixed by the Council should be dead- 1996. lines. It considers that the scenario offers various advantages since it takes account of citi- In addition, the Commission underscores the zens' interests by allowing enough time to inuo- need for a communications strategy at both duce a comprehensive communications strategy; Community and national level aimed at convinc- it is pragmatic and straightforward and limits ing the public of the advantages of the single costs for all economic operators; it rests on currency and explaining to individuals what the sound economic foundations since the econo- direct consequences will be for them of the mies of the Member States will have had to have changeover so as to allay their anxieties and achieved a lasting degree of convergence before give them a clear view of the entire process. It EMU is launched and since the creation of a stresses that the private sector must also be critical mass of transactions once parties have involved in this communications strategy by been irrevocably fixed will strengthen the cred- educating consumers, training staff, and dissem- ibility of the process and underline its irrevers- inating information through the intermediary of ibility; it meets the needs of banking circles trade associations. since it does not require the simultaneous circu- coM(95) 333

Table I Intoduction of a single currency: sequence of events - Phase B Start of EMU Phase C introduced Phase A - Launch of EMU - - Start of the phase: Start of the phase: Start of the phase:

List of participating Member Fixing of conversion rates Ecu notes and coins introduced States The ecu becomes a currency in Banks have completed the Date of start of EMU announced its own right changeover (retail business pay- (or confirmed) Monetary and exchange-rate ment systems) Deadline for the final changeover policy in ecus Notes and coins denominated in withdrawn to the single currency Inter-bank, monetary, capital, national currency are Setting-up of the ESCB and the and exchange markets in ecus Public and private oPerators ECB New government debt issued in complete the changeover Start of production of notes and ecus Only the ecu is used coins Corresponding wholesale payment systems in ecus

Bull. EU 5-1995 t3 Economic and monetary policy

Phase A Launch of EMU - Phase B - Srart of EMU Phase C - Single cunency fully rntroduced

Throughout the phase: Throughout the phase:

Stepping-up of preparations and Banks and financial institutions implementation of measures that continue the changeover will, if possible, been have Public and private operators adopted beforehand: other than banks proceed with o Legal framework the changeover, circumstances o National steering structure permitting o Banking and financial community changeover plan

I year maximum several weeks

1.3.8. Parliament resolution on the introduc- the view that the ecu should be introduced to the tion of the ecu as legal tender (Maas Group general public by no later than I July 1999. To report). this end, it insists that a comprehensive information campaign on EMU, jointly sponsored by Adopted on 19 Ma1t. Parliament considers that Parliament and the Commission, be launched in the third stage of EMU should be introduced at the Member States. the earliest opportunity but notes that I January oJ c 151, 19.6.t995 1997 is becoming increasingly unrealistic as the date on which to take this decision, bearing in Coordination of economic policies mind the small number of Member States that are likely to comply with the convergence crite- Broad guidelines of economic policies ria by that date. Nevertheless, it calls on the Member States to announce by 30 June 1996 1.3.9. Commission recommendation to the whether they will be willing to participate in Council for the broad guidelines of the econo- EMU. It also accepts the European Monetary mic policies of the Member States and the Com- Institute's position that there must be one year munity. between the Council's decision to embark on the References: third stage of EMU and its actual start. It calls Commission White Paper on growth, competi- for plans tiveness and employment The challenges for pegging the ecu or for a new-style - and EMS to be devised as a matter of urgency so ways forward into the 2lst century: COM(93) that those Member States which cannot join 700; Bull. 12-1993, point 1.2.44; Supplement 6/93 Bull. EMU at the first possible date may be given op- Conclusions- of the Essen European portunities to benefit from monetary Council: integration Blll. 12-1994, point I.3 under predetermined conditions. It notes that the Previous name of the common currency is of the utmost recommendations: Council' Recommendarion importance as regards acceptance of the change- 94/itEC on the broad guidelines of the economic policies of the over by individuals, but that it is in any case al- Member States and of the Community: OJ L 7, ready established in the Treaty (in Article l09l 11.1.1994: Bull. t2-1993, points 1.2.45 and2.2.t (4) (5)). and It considers that, in accordance with Council Recommendarion 94l480/EC on the the Treaty (Article l09l(4)), rhe period from the broad guidelines of the economic policies of the start of EMU to the introduction of the ecu Member States and of the Community drawn up should be as short as possible and, consequently, in accordance with Article 103(2) of the Treaty calls for an early decision on the design of notes establishing the European Community: OJ L 20f., 3.8. I994; and coins and other essential technical and tech- Bull. 718-1994, poinrs 1.2.2 and 2.2.1 nological measures, stressing in particular the Adopted by the Commission on 3l May. In this need for rapid clarification of the provisions of recommendation, the Commission confirms the contracts relating to the ecu. It thus also takes objectives defined in the broad guidelines of t4 Bull. EU 5-1995 Internal market economic policies adopted by the Council in Greece, Spain, France, Italy, the Netherlands, United Kingdom pursuant to December 1993 and July 1994, considering that Portugal and the Article l04c(6) of the EC Treaty: Bull. 9-1994' their full implementation will make possible a point 1.2.1I and a realization strengthening of convergence Council recommendations with a view to of the good growth prospects, thus achieving bringing an end to the situation of an excessive significant reductions in the rate of unemploy- deficit in Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Greece, ment. This new recommendation is based on the Spain, France, Italy, the Netherlands, Portugal economic forecasts for 1995 and 1996 released and the United Kingdom: Bull. ll-1994, point by the Commission on 17 May, according to t.2.1I which the general prospects for the European for a Council Deci- Union are for sound and stable growth of around 1.3.10. Recommendation sion abrogating the Decision on the existence of 3Vo inboth 1995 and 1996 following the recov- Germany. ery in 1994, the scale of which was unexpected an excessive deficit in (2.757o). Decision abrogated: Council Decision on the ex- The recommendation is therefore crucial to the istence of an excessive deficit in Germany pursu- Article l04c(6) of the EC Treaty: Bull. translation of the cyclical recovery into a proc- ant to point 1.2.1I ess of sustainable and job-creating growth, 9-1994, which is the only means of overcoming unem- Adopted by the Commission on 31 May. This ployment and ensuring the convergence neces- recommendation is the first time that Article sary for achieving EMU. The Commission l}4c(12) of the EC Treaty has been applied. stresses that the short-and medium-term macro- This provision lays down that, to the extent that economic framework should, to that end, be cha- the excessive deficit in the Member State con- racteized by stable monetary conditions which cemed has been corrected, the Council is to budgetary are not undermined by inappropriate abrogate some of its decisions, including those to or wage developments, by sustained efforts taken pursuant to Article l04c(6) of the Treaty Member consolidate public finances in most concerning the existence of an excessive deficit objectives their States consistent with the of in a Member State. convergence programmes and by wage trends incorporating the price-stability objective and 1.3.11. Commission opinion on the existence taking account of the need to strengthen the of excessive deficits in Austria, Finland and profitability of employment-creating investment. Sweden; recommendations for Council Deci- It also stresses that these macroeconomic policy sions on the existence of excessive deficits in guidelines must be complemented by structural Austria, Finland and Sweden. policies aimed at promoting the competitiveness of the Member States' economies and improving Adopted on 3l May. the functioning of their labour-markets in line with the approach mapped out in its White Paper on growth, competitiveness and employment and indicated by the priorities set at the Essen European Council. These measures will have to be implemented Internal markel alongside those advocated in previous recommendations on the broad guidelines of the economic policies of the Member States, which placed the emphasis on price and exchange-rate General stability, the need for sound public finances, the strengthening of competitiveness and measures 1.3.12. Commission communication to the aimed at restructuring the labour-market. Council and Parliament on the role of penaltlbs coM(gs) 228 in implementing Community internal .market -t' Pubtic deficits legislaPibn. References: References: Council Decisions on the existence of exces- Commission communication entitled'Making sive deficits in Belgium, Denmark, Germany, the most of the internal market: strategic pro-

Bull. EU 5-1995 t5 Internal market

gramme': COM(93) 632; Bull. 12-1993, point Free movement of goods 1.2.1 Proposal for a Decision adopting an action programme for Community customs (.Customs Technical aspects 2000'): COM(95) ll9; Bull. 4-1995, point 1.4.30 Motor vehicles Adopted on 3 May. In this communication, which constitutes an initial stage of a more com- 1.3.13. Proposal for a Parliament and Council prehensive framework for discussions, the Com- Directive on certain components or characteris- mission calls on Parliament and the Council, on tics of two- or three-wheel motor vehicles. the basis of the guidelines it describes, to sup- Commission proposal: OJ C 29.6.1994; port the work being done to improve the trans- l7j, COM(93) 449;Bull. ll-1993, point 1.2.2 parency and effectiveness penalties of for failure Economic and Social Committee opinion: comply OJ C to with the obligations arising out of 195, 18.7.1994; Bull. 4-1994, point 1.2.14 Community law in the internal market field. Endorsed by Parliament (first reading) on It points out that the coexistence of different l8 May, subject to certain amendments, includ- national systems of penalties for breaches of ing an increase in the sound level limits of Community law is compatible with the proper motor cycles and the deletion of anti-tampering functioning of the internal market only if the measures for motor cycles with a medium or penalties concerned are effective, proportionate large cylinder capacity. and dissuasive, in accordance with the obliga- oJ c l5l, 19.6.t995 tions arising out of the Treaty and the case-law of the Court of Justice, so that fair competition Industrial products can be ensured under fair trading conditions and those aspects of the general good covered by 1.3.14. Proposal for a Parliament and Council common rules can be protected. Directive on the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the An analysis of the measures adopted by Member Member States relating to lifts. States to transpose Community internal market Commission proposal: Ol 62, 11.3.1992; legislation reveals differences which are some- C COM(92) 35; Bull. l12-1992, point t.3.19 times significant, particularly as far as public Economic and Social Committee opinion: OJ C procurement concerned. is To remedy this sit- 287, 4.11.1992; Butt. it8-1992, poinr 1.3.22 uation, the Commission will include appropriate Parliament opinion (first reading): OJ C 305, measures in any new proposals it makes for leg- 23.11.1992: Bull. l0-1992, point 1.3.29 islation concerning the internal market so as to Amended Commission proposal: OJ C lg0, ensure that the penalties applicable form part of 2.7.1993; COM(93) 240; Bull. 6-1993, point the measures which Member States are expli- 1.2.9 Proposal citly required to notify under Community legis- subject to the co-decision procedure since I November 1993 lation. This transparency requirement will also Council common position: OJ 232, cover existing legislation, in respect of which C 20.8.1994; Bull. 6-1994, point 1.2. I 8 Member States will be called on to communicate Parliament amendments (second reading): OJ any useful information on the system of penal- C 305,31.10.1994; Bull.9-1994, point 1.2.16 ties they apply. On this basis, the Commission Commission opinion incorporating an will check on a sector-by-sector basis, starting amended proposal: COM(94) 540; Bull. with public procurement and customs law, 12-1994, point 1.2.14 whether excessive differences give rise to prob- Conciliation Committee meeting: Bull. 3- I 995, point 1.3.9 lems in specific areas. Where this is the case, the Commission will, within the limitations of its Joint text approved by the Conciliation Commit- powers under the Treaty, take measures or make tee on 16 May. The points agreed on concern the sectoral proposals to ensure that penalties the compliance of lifts already installed, access by applied for breach of Community internal mar- disabled persons to a maximum number of lift ket legislation are effective, proportionate and cars, and the possibility of persons inside a dissuasive. lift car being in permanent contact with a rescue coM(95) 162 service. t6 Bull. EU 5-1995 Internal market

Dangerous substances Amended Commission proposal: OJ C 382, 31.12.1994; COM(94) 585; Bull. t2-l994,point 1.3.14a. Proposal for a Parliament and Council 1.2.32 Directive amending Directive 76l769lEEC for the l6th time. Common position agreed by the Council on 22 May. The aim of this Directive is to complete Commission proposal: OJ C 382, 31.12.1994; the single market in investment services by pro- COM(94) 570; Bull. t2-1994, point 1.2.17 viding for minimum compensation for investors throughout the Community the event the Endorsed by the Economic and Social Commit- in of failure of an investment firm authorized to pro- tee on 3l May. vide services throughout the Community where that firm is unable to honour its debts and by Foodstuffs making investor compensation mechanisms subject to the supervisory arrangements of the home 1.3.15. Proposal for a Parliament and Council country. The minimum level of cover should not Directive amending Directive 95|2IEC on food be less than ECU 20 000 for each investor. It additives other than colours and sweeteners. may, however, be as low as ECU 15 000 until Reference: Council Directive 89/107/EEC on the 3l December 1999 in those Member States that approximation of the laws of the Member States at present apply cover of less than ECU 20 000. concerning food additives authorized for use in foodstuffs intended for human consumption (OJ The proposed Directive is aligned on Directive L 40, 11.2.1989; Bull. 12-1988, point 2.1.28), as 94ll9lEc on deposit-guarantee schemes, which last amended by Directive 94l34tEC: OI L 237, introduced a system to protect credit insti- 10.9.1994; Bull. 6-1994, point 1.2.18 tutions' depositors in the event of a financial Directive to be amended: Parliament and Coun- crisis. cil Directive 95|UEC: OJ L 61, 18.3.1995; Bull. l12-1995, point 1.3.8 1.3.17. Proposal for a Parliament and Council Directive on cross-border transfers. Adopted by the Commission on 16 May. This amendment sets out to authorize the use of Commission proposal: OJ C 360, 17.12.1994; COM(94) 436; Bull. ll-1994, point 1.2.21 'alternatively refi ned carrageenan' in foodstuffs, the Scientihc Committee for Food having shown Endorsed by Parliament (first reading) on that there is no concern for public health in so 19 May, subject to amendments relating chiefly doing and that there is a demonstrated techno- to the scope of the Directive, which Parliament logical need. considered should apply solely to transfers in OJ C 163, 29.6.1995; COM(95) 177 Community currencies or in ecus of an amount not exceeding ECU 50 000, an increase from ECU l0 000 to ECU 50 000 in the threshold below which banks are required to make a Freedom to provide services refund in the case of the non-completion of a transfer, and the introduction of an obligation on Financial services Member States to introduce procedures for dealing with complaints from customers. 1.3.16. Proposal for a Parliament and Council oJ c l5l, 19.6.1995 Directive on investor compensation schemes. Endorsed by the Economic and Social Commit- Reference: Parliament and Council Directive tee on I June, although the Committee stressed 94ll9tEO on deposit-guiuantee schemes: OJ L the inconsistency between the proposal's objec- 135,31.5.1994; Bull. 5-1994, point 1.2.16 Commission proposal: OJ C 321, 27.11.1993; tive, which is to facilitate the achievement of COM(93) 381; Bull. 9-1993, point 1.2.17 economic and monetary union, and its scope, Proposal subject to the co-decision procedure which extends to third-country currencies. The since I November 1993 Committee therefore wishes to limit the propos- Economic and Social Committee opinion: OJ C al's scope to EU currencies, including the ecu. 127, 'l .5.1994; Bull. ll2-1994, poinr 1.2.27 Parliament opinion (first reading): OJ C 128, 1.3.18. Proposal for a Parliament and Council 9.5.1994; Bull. 4-1994, point 1.2.36 Directive amending Directives 77|18OIEEC and

Bull. EU 5-1995 t7 Intemal market

89l646lEEC in the field of credit institutions, Endorsed b1t the Economic and Social Commit- Directives 73l239lEEC and 92l49lEEC in the tee on 3l May. The Committee considered that field of non-life insurance, Directives 7912671 this proposal is necessary for the smooth func- EEC and 92l96lEEC in the field of life assur- tioning of the single market. ance, Directive 93/22|EEC in the field of investment firms and Directive 85/61llEEC in the field of undertakings for collective investment in transferable securities (UCITS), with a view to Intellectual property reinforcing prudential supervision. 1.3.21. European Convention relating to ques- Commission proposal: Ol C 229, 25.8.1993; COM(93) 363r Bull.718-1993, point 1.2.19 tions on copyright law and neighbouring rights Proposal subject to the co-decision procedure in the framework of transfrontier broadcasting since 1 November 1993 by satellite. Economic and Social Committee opinion: OJ C Reference: Council Directive 93/83/EEC on the 52, 19.2.1994; Bull. l2-1993, point 1.2.36 coordination of certain rules concerning copy- Parliament opinion (first reading): OJ C 91, right and rights related to copyright applicable to 28.3.1994; Bull. 3- 1994, point 1 .2.29 satellite broadcasting and cable retransmission: Amended Commission proposal: COM(94) OI L 248,6.I0. 1993; Bull. 9-1993, point 1.2.20 170; Bull. 5-1994, point 1.2.18 Council common position: OJ C 213,3.8.1994; Proposal a Council Decision approving the Bull. 6-1994, point 1.2.36 for on Parliament amendments (second reading): OJ Convention adopted by the Commission C 323,21 .11.1994; Bull. l0-1994, point 1.2.12 3 May. This Convention, which was adopted by Commission opinion incorporating an the Council of Europe on 16 February 1994, amended proposal: COM(94) 549i Bull. supplements with regard to copyright and neigh- ll-1994, potnt 1.2.22 bouring rights (rights of performers, producers Joint text: Bull. 3-1995. point 1.3.14 of phonograms and broadcasting organizations) the European Convention on Transfrontier Tele- Joint text approved by Parliament on l8 May. vision adopted by the Council of Europe on oJ c 15l. 19.6.1995 5 May 1989, which did not contain any provi- 1.3.19. Proposal for a Parliament and Council sions on this matter. The new Convention in fact Directive amending Directive 891647/EEC with embodies for all member countries of the Coun- respect to the supervisory recognition of con- cil of Europe the principles laid down in Council tracts for novation and netting agreements. Directive 93l83lEEC. Commission proposal: OI C 142, 25.5.1994; It is intended to protect the rights of authors of COM(94) 105; Bull. 4-1994, point 1.2.38 the works referred to in the Berne Convention Economic and Social Committee opinion: OJ C for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works 393,31.12.1994; Bull. 9-1994, point 1.2.28 (Paris Act of 24 July and of other contrib- Parliament opinion (Frrst reading): OJ C 56, l97l) 6.3.1995:' Bull. l/2-1995, point 1.3.15 utors of protected works, taking account of the need not to hamper the development of new Amended proposal adopted on l0 Ma1t. technology for the media or the free movement coM(95) 170 of information and ideas. coM(gs) ls4 Taxation Public procurement Indirect taxation 1.3.20. Proposal for a Council Directive 1.3.22. Agreement in the form of an exchange amending Directive 11l388lEEC on the com- of letters between the European Community and mon system of value-added tax (taxation of agri- the United States of America on government cultural outputs). procurement. Commission proposal: OJ C 389, 3l .12.1994; Reference: Council Decision concerning the COM(94) 584r Bull. 12-1994, point 1.2.37 conclusion of the results of the Uruguay Round l8 Bull. EU 5-1995 Competition

of multilateral trade negotiations: OJ L 336, merging their pay-TV activities worldwide by 23.12. 1994; Bull.lZ- 1994, point I .3.98 setting up a joint venture (PayCo). Richemont Commission proposal: OJ C 291, 19.10.1994; will transfer to PayCo the holding which it has COM(94) 251; Bull. 6-1994, point 1.2.42 in Telepir). The latter will then be controlled by Amended Commission proposal: OJ C 48, 25.2.1995; COM(95) l8; Bull. 1/2-1995, point Richemont, Kirch and Multichoice. 1.3.21 MultiChoice and Richemont are already associ- Assent given by Parliament on 19 May. ated in the pay-TV sector in Europe. Since it is mainly an internal restructuring oJ c lsl, 19.6.t995 that is involved, the transaction has only a slight impact on Tele- Decision 95/215/EC on the conclusion of the pii's position on the Italian market. The Com- Agreement adopted by the Council on 29 May. mission has concluded that the proposed merger The purpose of this Agreement is to give effect does not create or strengthen a dominant posi- in the area of government procurement to the tion and has declared it compatible with the commitments made in the Uruguay Round of common market. multilateral negotiations and to the results of the bilateral negotiations conducted in this area be- EDS/Lufthansa tween the Community and the United States. ol L 134,20.6.1995 1.3.24. Adopted on l1 May. The decision authorizes EDS to acquire shares in Lufthansa Sys- tems GmbH, a subsidiary of Deutsche Lufthansa AG.

The Commission authorized the purchase by EDS Holding GmbH (EDS), a member of Gen- Competition eral Motors Corp., of 257o of the shares of Lufthansa Systems GmbH, a subsidiary recently set up by Deutsche Lufthansa AG (Lufthansa). Rules applying to businesses The joint venture, which will be controlled jointly by EDS and Lufthansa, will supply information technology Mergers services tailored to the requirements of airlines and other travel industries. While Lufthansa will remain its main cus- Commission decisions under the Merger tomer for some years, it is expected that Luft- Control Regulation hansa Systems will play an active role in the new developing market for information tech- Reference: Council Regulation (EEC) nology services. No 4064/89 on the control of concentrations between undertakings: OJ L 395, 30.12.1989 (cor- Since the information technology services mar- rected version: 21.9.1990); OJ L 257, Bull. ket in Europe is currently fragmented with a 12-1989, point 2.1.78; Supplement 2l9O Blll. - number of actual and potential players and since the new entity's market share will not exceed Kirc WR ic he mont/M ulti C ho ic e/T e le p i il l07o however the product market is defined, there are no serious doubts about the trans- 1.3.23. Adopted on 5 May. The decision autho- action's compatibility with the common market. rizes the joint takeover of Telepii Srl by Com- The Commission therefore decided to raise no pagnie Financidre Richemont AG (Richemont), objection. MultiChoice Limited and ftb Pay-TV Beteili- gung, which belongs to the Kirch group. I n g e rs o ll - Rand/C la rk Equi pment Previous decision: Bull. 7/8-1994, point 1.2.35 1.3.25. Adopted on l5 May. The decision finds In August 1994, the Commission had authorized that the acquisition of Clark Equipment by the joint takeover of Telepii by Richemont and Ingersoll-Rand through the purchase of shares is Kirch. Richemont and Multichoice are now not caught by the Merger Control Regulation.

Bull. EU 5-1995 t9 Competition

Ingersoll-Rand, an American firm which manu- The Commission decided to conduct an in-depth factures and sells machinery for the construction examination, under the Merger Control Regu- industry and other sectors, is acquiring control lation, of a proposed joint venture to be known of Clark Equipment, another American firm as HMG. The joint venture, which will operate active in the construction equipment sector. in the television broadcasting field in the Neth- erlands, consisrs of RTL4 SA (RTL), Verenig- The transaction does not have a Community ing Veronica Omroeporganisatie (Veronica) and dimension since Clark Equipment recently sold Endemol Entertainment Holding BV (Endemol). its 5OVo holding in the Dutch firm VME: conse- RTL is transferring to HGM its television activ- quently, Community turnover threshold of the ities in the Netherlands, especially the two com- ECU 250 million provided for by Article l(2)(b) mercial channels RTL4 and RTL5. A third chan- of the Merger Control Regulation is not attained. nel will be introduced through Veronica, which is leaving the public television system in the CLT/Disney/Super RTL Netherlands in order to participate in HMG. The 1.3.26. Adopted on 17 May. The decision au- other parent company, Endemol, is the largest thorizes the acquisition by Walt Disney of 5OVo independent producer of television programmes of the German channel Super RTL. in the Netherlands. It is planned that HMG will start its activities on I September 1995. The Commission authorized the purchase by Disney Television (Germany) Inc., a subsidiary The Commission started to look into this case in of The Walt Disney Corporation (TWDC), of response to a request from the Dutch Govern- 5OVo of the shares of RTL Club GmbH&Co. ment to examine the transaction pursuant to KG (RTL Club), a subsidiary indirectly owned Article 22 of the Regulation, which authorizes by the Compagnie Luxembourgeoise de T6l6dif- the Commission to appraise a concentration fusion (CLT). which does not have a Community dimension RTL Club heads the new German family chan- within the meaning of the Regulation. Since this nel, Super RTL. CLT has holdings in the Ger- type of procedure does not involve suspension parties man channels RTL plus and RTL 2, while, so of the transaction, the may implement it far, TWDC is not present on the German televi- without the prior authorization of the Commis- sion market. TWDC produces television pro- sion. grammes and films and has issued licences to The Commission decided to carry out a thor- other German channels, such as ARD. ough examination of the proposed joint venture, As regards advertising on free-access television since the cumulative share of the television in Germany, it is likely that Super RTL will broadcasting market in the Netherlands(and in have only a very limited market share, given the particular of television advertising)is potentially stagnation of the market and the presence of high and since Endemol's position on the inde- large commercial channels such as RTL plus pendent television production market in the and SAT l. In view of the competitive market Netherlands could be strengthened. structure of German television advertising, the The decision to examine the proposed joint ven- transaction does not raise any serious doubts as prejudice the final to its compatibility with the common market, ture in detail is without to even taking into account the other television outcome of the Commission's investigation. channels in which CLT has holdings (RTL plus, RTL 2). TWDC also owns a significant pro- Saudi Aramco/MOH gramme library, but other powerful suppliers, such as the Kirch group, are present on the Ger- 1.3.28. Adopted on 23 May. The decision au- man market. The Commission therefore thorizes Saudi Aramco to take joint control of declared the transaction compatible with the the Greek oil refining company Motor Oil common market. Corinth Refineries SA (MOH) and of Avinoil Industrial and Maritime Oil Company SA RTL/Veronica/EndemoI (Avin). 1.3.27. Adopted on 22 May. The decision Under the transaction, Saudi Aramco acquires opens the second phase of the investigation. 50Vo of the capital of both MOH and Avin and,

20 Bull. EU 5-1995 Competition consequently, joint control of these companies The transaction will have the effect of giving with the Vardinoyannis family, which previ- Seagram sole control of MCA Inc., a subsidiary ously held all the shares in MOH and Avin. The of Home Holding II. concentration also involves the conclusion of a long-term contract for the supply of crude oil by Seagram is a Canadian firm whose main busi- Saudi Aramco to MOH, covering most of the ness is the production and sale of wines, spirits, juices latter's crude-oil supply requirements. fruit and frzzy drinks. Seagram also holds a minority interest in Time Warner Inc., a firm Since Saudi Aramco is not present on the Euro- engaged in entertainment activities. This interest pean market for refining petrolem products and is purely financial and gives Seagram no control marketing the refined products, the transaction over Time Warner. MCA is active in the follow- has no horizontal effects which need to be taken ing sectors: cinema, music, publishing and other into account. The Commission also found that entertainment activities. the transaction is not likely to obstruct other refiners' access to supplies or significantly to Given that there is no overlap between the activ- affect the conditions of competition among ities of Seagram and MCA, the Commission European refiners. The transaction is therefore decided to declare the transaction compatible compatible with the common market. with the common market.

Orkla./Volvo Dominant positions 1.3.29. Adopted on 23 May. The decision opens the second phase of the investigation. Decisions pursuant to Article 86 of the EC Treaty The transaction concerns the setting-up of ajoint venture, BCP-JV, by Orkla, a Norwegian company, and the Swedish group, Volvo. Orkla will ICG/CCI Morlaix contribute its subsidiary, Ringnes, which is 1.3.31. Adopted on l6 May. The Irish shipping active in Norway, to the joint venture, while company Irish Continental Group (ICG), which Volvo will transfer Hansa and Pripps, the first of operates ferry transport services for passengers which operates in Norway and the second in and vehicles, filed an application for access to Sweden. The three companies make beer, soft the port of Roscoff with CCI Morlaix in Novem- drinks and mineral water. ber 1994, so as to start a ferry service between The Commission found that in 1994,in Norway, Ireland and Brittany during the summer of 1995. Ringnes and Hansa had a very large share of the Following negociations, the parties reached an market in the beverages concerned, a market agreement in principle concerning access by where there are high barriers to entry. The Com- ICG to the port of Roscoff for the season, start- mission also took into account the effect of the ing on 27 May 1995, the parties agreeing on the transaction on the competition in Sweden, since schedule of dockings and on a number of tech- the creation of the joint venture removes a nical questions. ICG announced the start of its potential competitor on the Swedish market. Roscoff service and began to take bookings. In January 1995, however, CCI Morlaix said it The Commission has serious doubts, therefore, wanted to suspend the negociations. about the transaction's compatibility with the common market and the EEA Agreement and ICG complained to the Commission, which has decided to carry out a thorough investiga- found on first examination that the Chamber of tion. Commerce had abused its dominant position as operator of the port of Roscoff by refusing access to ICG in breach of Article 86 of the EC Seagram/MCA Treaty and that CCI Morlaix's behaviour 1.3.30. Adopted on 29 May. The decision au- amounted to an unjustified refusal to sell its ser- thorizes the acquisition by Seagram Company vices. Interim measures were imposed requiring Ltd (Seagram) of SOVo of the shares of Home CCI Morlaix to take the necessary steps to Holding II Inc., previously controlled by Mat- ensure that ICG can gain access to the port of sushita Electric Industrial Co. Ltd (Matsushita). Roscoff from 10 June 1995, since it is the only

Bull. EU 5-1995 2t Competition body which has the installations essential to this Decisions to raise no objection kind of transport, pending the Commission's final decision on this matter. Steel

Reference: Commission Decision 38551911 ECSC concerning Community rules for aid to the State aid steel rndustry: OJ L 362, 31.12.1991; Bull. I l-1991, point 1.2.26

General rules Italy

1.3.32. Decision concerning the measures to 1.3.34. Decision concerning the acquisition be taken to counteract the failure to notify State of a public shareholding in Ferriere Nord SpA, aid. Friuli-Venezia Giulia.

References: Adopted on 3 May. The Commission examined Judgment of the Court of Justice of 14 Febru- the acquisition of a minority interest (23Vo) by ary 199O in Case C-301/87 France v Commis- the Friuli region in the private company Ferriere slon: Bull. 112-1990, point 1.6.28 Nord SpA, a steel firm manufacturing rolled Community guidelines on State aid for rescu- products, electrically welded structures and gen- ing and restructuring firms in difficulty: OJ C eral steel and metal products. It considered that, 368, 23. 12. 1994 ; B ull. 7 I 8- I 994, point 1 .2.42. in view of the company's sound economic and Adopted on l0 May. The Commission decided financial situation and the prospect of a higher- to send a letter to the Member States concerning than-average return on the capital invested, this the procedures applicable when aid is granted in was a transaction which had been carried out in breach of the rules of Article 93(3) of the EC accordance with the criteria that a private inves- Treaty, which requires the prior notification of tor operating under normal market economy any plans to grant or alter aid. Aid granted in conditions would have applied. The Commis- breach of this provision is unlawful. sion therefore decided that the acquisition of a shareholding did not constitute State aid. The Court of Justice, in its judgment of 14 Feb- ruary 1990, held that the Commission could take Textiles measures to counteract any intringement of Arti- cle 93(3) of the Treaty. On the basis of this judgment, the Commission informed the Member France granted States in l99l that where aid had been 1.3.35. Decision on aid to Fabertex SA, Issen- unlawfully it reserved the right to adopt a provi- heim, Alsace. sional decision requiring the Member State to suspend the aid forthwith. Such an order, how- Reference: Community guidelines on State aid ever, may sometimes prove insufficient. In such for rescuing and restructuring firms in difficulty: a case, having given the Member State con- OJ C 368, 23.12.1994: Bull. 7/8-1994, point 1.2.42. cerned an opportunity to express its views and consider rescue aid as an alternative. as laid Adopted on 23 May. The Commission decided down in the Community guidelines, the Com- to raise no objection to the FF l0 million capital mission now reserves the right to take a provi- grant to Fabertex SA. The latter, a subsidiary of sional decision requiring that Member State to the German company Baumwolle Spinnerei recover the aid or the part of it paid unlawfully, Calw GmbH, was set up to take over some of the sum repayable carrying interest running the spinning activities of the Cernay textile from the time the aid was paid out. group within the Soci6t6 Alsacienne de Filatures (sAF). 1.3.33. The decisions and measures adopted by the Commission with regard to State aid in Fabertex has been set up as part of the restruc- the transport sphere are reported under the ap- turing of SAF and the refocusing of its produc- propriate subject heading (- point 1.3.17). tion on markets for products with higher profit

22 Bull. EU 5-1995 Competition margins. The total cost of the restructuring pro- Previous decision: Bull. 4-1995, point 1.3.,14 gramme, which includes certain modernization Adopted on l0 and 23 May. The German Gov- investment, is FF 47.5 million, of which Faber- ernment has provided the new liinder with funds tex is putting up nearly 8OVo. ln reaching its amounting ro DM 500 million (ECU 250 mil- decision, the Commission took account of the lion) for granting aid for the rescue and restruc- small size of the company within the spinning turing of privatized firms. The resources are industry and of the fact that there will be no managed individually by the liinder, which are increase in Fabertex's total production capacity, setting up their own funds for the purpose. which has been reduced by half as a result of the closure of the Cernay plant. In addition, Saxony-Anhalt's consolidation fund, which has 106 jobs have been safeguarded. been given a total budget of DM 120 million, and Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania's, with a Environrnent total budget of DM 130 million, both provide for the grant of aid in the form of loans up to a Reference: Guidelines on State aid for environ- maximum of DM 5 million. The Commission mental protection: OJ C 72, 10.3.1994; Bull. approved the funds after finding that their imple- 12-93, point 1.2.73 menting procedures and conditions were consistent with the Community guidelines on State aid Netherlands for rescuing and restructuring firms in difficulty and that aid to large firms or firms belonging to 1.3.36. Decision relating to the amendment of sensitive sectors would be notified individually. environmental tax legislation (Wet belastingen op milieugrondslag). Greece Previous decisions: Btll. 4-1992, point 1.3.47; 1.3.38. Decision on the Greek regional aid Bull. 3-1994, point 1.2.50 scheme.

Adopted on 23 May. Since I January 1995, the Adopted on 3 May. The Commission approved Dutch authorities have been applying two new certain amendments to the Greek regional aid environmental protection taxes. One is on waste, scheme which it authorized in September 1994. and the other on the use of groundwater. The The changes consist essentially in raising the new rules also provide for certain exemptions level of grants and interest rate subsidies, and in from payment of the taxes. Although it consid- setting up a new development area which will ered that the exemptions amounted to State aid, receive grants of up to 4OVo of the investment the Commission decided not to object to them, aided and which will consist of the prefectures since it found them to be consistent with the of Dodecanese, Samos, Khios and Lesbos, the Community's policies on environment and taxa- island of Samothrace and certain municipalities tion. less than 20 km from the border.

Regional aid Research and development

Reference: Commission communication on the Reference: Community framework for State aid principles of coordination of regional aid sys- for research and development: OJ C 83, tems: OJ C 31,3.2.1979. 11.4.1986; Bull.3-1986, points l.l.l to 1.1.6

Germany Germany 1.3.39. Decision on the renewal of research 1.3.37. Decisions concerning the consolidation and development aid for SMEs in Berlin. funds of Saxony-Anhalt and Mecklenburg- Western Pomerania. Reference: Community guidelines on State aid for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs): Reference: Community guidelines on State aid OJ C 213, 19.8.1992: Bull. 5-1992, point 1.1.33 for rescuing and restructuring firms in difficulty: OJ C 368, 23.12.1994; Bull. 7/8-1994, point Adopted on 23 May. The Commission decided 1.2.42 to approve the renewal of the scheme for encou-

Bull. EU 5-1995 23 Competition raging SMEs in Berlin to carry out applied possible future of road traffic and, accordingly, research and development projects aimed at de- seeks to establish electronically-aided general veloping or improving products, processes and traffic systems. The Italian firms taking part in services which have a beneficial effect on the the programme are STET-Societa Finanziaria environment. The total budget for 1994 to 1996 Telefonica p.A, Fiat-CIEI SpA, Zeltron SpA and amounts to DM 29.52 million (ECU 15.50 mil- Centro Ricerche Fiat SCpA (CRF). The aid, in lion). The aid, which is limited to DM 400 000 the form of non-repayable grants, allocated by per project, complies with the conditions and Italy to the second phase of the programme, procedures laid down in the framework for State amounts to a total of LIT 7 287.7 million (ECU aid for research and development. 3.19 million) , or 34%o of the total eligible cost of the projects.

In both cases, the aid will be granted on the Denmark basis of Italian Laws 46182 and 22187, which were approved by the Commission in 1989. The 1.3.40. Decision on aid for the Danish Energy Commission, having examined the Community 2000 programme. interest of the projects, considered that the aid qualifies for exemption under Article 92(3Xb) of Adopted on 23 May. The Energy 2000 pro- the EC Treaty. gramme provides for grants and loans to promote research and development in energy tech- Decisions to initiate proceedings under nologies and the application of the results Article 93(2) of the EC Treaty obtained at both national and international level. It is mainly SMEs which are sponsoring the projects qualifying for aid, as the programme seeks Germany to promote projects involving research institutes 1.3.42. Decision on aid to Aircraft Services and cross-border projects. The Commission au- Lemwerder ASL, an aircraft maintenance com- find- thorized the application of the scheme after pany in Lemwerder, Lower Saxony. ing that the procedures and conditions for granting the aid complied with the framework for Adopted on 23 May. When DASA, the German State aid for research and development. aircraft manufacturer, decided in 1993 to close its maintenance centre in Lemwerder, the Lower Saxony authorities resolved to set up a new Italy company, ASL, with the object of taking over the civil side of the centre, granting it a capital contribution of DM l0 million (ECU 5.4 mil- firms partici- 1.3.41. Decisions on aid for four lion) for the purpose, of which DM 3.25 million pating project four in the Eureka JESSI and for have already been disbursed, and a State guaran- participating project Pro- firms in the Eureka tee of DM 60million (ECU 32.4 million). The (second phase). metheus Commission believes that these measures constitute State aid, since a private investor would Adopted on l0 May. The JESSI programme is not have backed ASL under the same condi- designed to boost microelectronics and was set tions. It decided to initiate proceedings with up to develop the technology of highly inte- regard to the company, since it doubts whether grated circuits at European level. With a view to the aid is compatible with the common market, their participation in the programme, SGS given the excess capacity in the sector and the Thomson Microelectronics sarl, Finmeccanica poor prospect of the company returning to via- (Alenia) SpA, Bull HN and Italtel SpA will be bility; it also believes that the aid may unjusti- able to receive aid up to a maximum of 35%o of fiably distort intra-Community competition. the eligible costs of the projects concerned. ItaIy The Prometheus programme, a research programme headed by car manufacturers from six 1.3.43. Decision on aid to firms manufacturing European countries, is intended to define the polyethylene-based plastic film.

24 Bull. EU 5-1995 Research and technology

Adopted on 23 May ltaly has introduced a common market of the aid which the Greek scheme for helping to recycle polyethylene, con- Government is planning to grant to Halyvourgia sisting of a lOVo turnover tax on unadulterated Thessalias under Law No 1892/90 on regional polyethylene used in the production of plastic aid. film for the domestic market and on imported polyethylene and plastic film, including that from other Member States. Exported products, however, are exempt. The purpose of the tax is to finance the selective collection and recycling of polyethylene waste and to develop markets Enterprise policy for the recycled products. As the scheme contains aid whose compatibility with the common market does not seem to be demonstrated, the Small and medium-sized businesses Commission decided to initiate proceedings with regard to that aid. The reasons underlying 1.3.45. Commission Recommendation to the that decision are as follows: Member States on payment periods in commercial transactions tr the activities financed principally benefit Ital- Bull. ll-1994, point ian firms, whereas the tax is also levied on prod- Commission approval: 1.2.60 ucts imported from other Member States; tr the Italian manufacturers of plastic film gain, Formally adopted by the Commission on since they pay tax on the raw material (poly- 12 May ethylene) only, whereas firms selling to ltaly Ol C 144 and OJ L r27, 10.6.1995 have to pay on the value of the finished or semi- finished products they export; tr the financing of selective collection and recycling constitutes a State aid to the specific firms carrying out such operations; Research and technology o lastly, the exemption from tax of the Italian products exported constitutes an export aid. International cooperation

Decision to initiate proceedings under Independent States of the former Soviet Article 6U) of the steel aid code Union

Reference: Commission Decision 38551911 1.3.46. Commission communication to the ECSC concerning Community rules for aid to the Council and Parliament on prospects for cooper- steel industry: OJ L362,31.12.19911' Bull. I l-91 ation in science and technology with the new point 1.2.26. independent States (NIS). Reference: Council Regulation (EEC, Euratom) No 2053/93 conceming the provision of technical Greece assistance to economic reform and recovery in the independent States of the former Soviet Union and Mongolia (TACIS programme) OJ 1.3.44. Decision on regional investment aid to L 187, 29.7 .1993; Bull. 718-1993, point 1.3.15- the steel firm Halyvourgia Thessalias. Adopted on l6 May. In this communication, the Adopted on 23 May. Under the steel aid code, Commission proposes that thought should be steel firms may not receive investment aid under given to refocusing scientific and technological general schemes after 3l December 1994. The cooperation between the European Union and Commission therefore decided to initiate pro- the new independent States of the former Soviet ceedings to examine the compatibility with the Union and to concentrate the resources available

Bull. EU 5-1995 25 Education, vocational training and youth

on a smaller number of projects whose impact is Kaoru Yosano, the Minister for Post and Tele- more in line with the needs of those countries. communications Shun Oide and other leading To this end, it considers that thematic priorities political and industrial figures. Talks focused on should be set, that the countries in question the development of cooperation and Euro-Japa- should be helped to prepare their projects more nese dialogue in the field of science and tech- efficiently and to find partners, thar closer coop- nology, and the strengthening of cooperation be- eration and coordination with projects funded by tween the European Union and Japan in the field the TACIS programme should be ensured, and of seismic research. that there should be closer coordination with the EBRD, the World Bank, and the European Union Member States.

The Commission identifies several priority Education, vocational training areas: environmental protection, nuclear safety and technology, the global information society, and youth energy production, transporUtransmission and distribution, space technology, and economics and social sciences. Youth 1.3.48. Commission report on the Youth for Where preparation project and selection is con- Europe programme 1993. cerned, closer dialogue with the parties con- - cerned, modelled on the 'round tables', should Reference: Council Decision 9 I /395/EEC adopting the Youth for Europe programme (second be established in order to define selection crite- phase): OJ L217.6.8.1991 Bull. point ria making possible promote ; 7/8-1991, it to projects which 1.2.146 are closer to industrial production. The project Previous report: Bull. l0-1993. point 1.2.73 preparation phase would be facilitated by setting up workshops and information networks be- Adopted by the Commission on I I May. After tween researchers. taking stock of action in 1993 in relation to the second phase of the programme, which is designed to underpin youth projects Research and technological development activ- exchange in the European ities should be carried out in cooperation with Community, the Commission pro- ceeds to analyse future perspectives the TACIS programme, by closely linking the with special reference establishment of information systems and assist- to the consolidation of the existing framework and the emergence ance for the preparatory phase of projects to the of new networks in the field youth latter's activities. Exchanges of information be- of mobility and exchanges, assessment tween the Member States on their own individ- of an increase in demand for Com- ual activities should also be improved. munity financial aid, and parricipation of the EFIA/EEA countries. coM(95) 190 coM(95) r59

Japan

1.3.47. Visit by Mrs Cresson from 24 to Economic and social 27 May. cohesion

During her visit, Mrs Cresson met the prime Minister Tomiichi Muramaya, the Minister for General Foreign Affairs Yohei Kono, the Minister for International Trade and Industry Ryutaro Hashi- 1.3.49. Opinion of the Economic and Social moto, the Minister for Science and Technology Committee on the Commission's fifth periodic Makiko Tanaka, the Minister for Construction report on the social and economic situation and Kouken Nosaka, the Minister for Education development of the regions of the Community.

26 Bull. EU 5-1995 Economic and social cohesion

Reference: Commission report: COM(94) 322: Structural action under Objective 5a Bull. 7/8-1994, point 1.2.103 (adjustment of fishery structures)

Adopted on 3l May. The Committee took the view that the report suffered from an excess of Legislative aspects description and insufficient analysis of the 1.3.52. Proposal for a Council Regulation trends identified. It felt that the contribution of amending Regulation (EC) No 3699193 laying Structural Funds must be set in both a the down the criteria and arrangements regarding national and an external context. The Committee Community structural assistance in the fisheries hoped the next report would contain a more and aquaculture sector and the processing and detailed analysis of the regional consequences of marketing of its products. monetary union and enlargement. Commission proposal: OJ C 389, 31.12.1994: COM(94) 568; Bull. 12-1994, point 1.2.138

Endorsed by Parliament on 19 May. Structural action, regional policy oJ c 15l, 19.6.1995

Endorsed by the Economic and Social Commit- Planning and orientation tee on 3l May. The Committee stressed that during the harmonization phase, economic operators would be able to choose between the two methods of measuring vessel tonnage. Structural action under Objective 5a (adjustment of agricultural structures) 1.3.53. Proposal for a Council Regulation amending Regulation (EC) No 3699193, laying down the criteria and arrangements regarding Single p ro g ramming documents structural assistance in the hsheries and aquaculture sector and the processing and marketing of 1.3.50. Draft Commission Decision approving its products. a single programming document for Community structural funding for improving the processing Commission proposal: OJ C 85,7.4.1995; COM (95) 55; Bull. 3-1995, point 1.3.82 and marketing conditions for agricultural prod- (Hamburg), under Objective ucts in Germany Endorsed by the Economic and Social Commit- period 1994-99. 5a, for the tee on 31 May. The Committee took the view, however, that the early retirement scheme programming Approved on 23 May. The single should be extended to all fishermen. It stressed joint action un- document lists the priorities for that the financial support for the proposed mea- vegetables der Objective 5a as meat, fruit and sures would require increased FIFG allocations. and flowers and plants. Community assistance is set at ECU 4.298 million. Community initiatives 1.3.51. Commission Decisions 95ll99tEC and 95|}OOIEC approving single programming docu- Special support programme peace and ments for Community structural measures for for reconciliation in Northern Ireland and the improving the processing and marketing condi- border counties of lreland tions for agricultural products in Germany (Bavaria and Hesse), under Objective 5a, for the 1.3.54. Commission notice to the Member period 1994-99. States laying down guidelines for an initiative in of the special support programme Commission approval: Bull. 3-1995, point the framework Ireland r.3.80 for peace and reconciliation in Northern and the border counties of Ireland. Formally adopted on 3l May. Commission approval: Bull. l/2-1995, point oJ L 127,10.6.1995 t.3.75

Bull. EU 5-1995 27 Economic and social cohesion

Formally adopted on 16 May. mote reconciliation and tolerance between the communities. To that end it recommended that t.3.ss. Suppremenrary opinion or the Econo ;'l;:i:ffi[],:i":,3ffi:"fJ::,:1r":,T""T:_'--- -r---- mic and Social Committee on the draft notice to Ri"r. the Member States laying down guidelines for an initiative in the framework of the special support programme for peace and reconciliation in Northern Ireland and the border counties of Ire- Financing land.

Adopted on 31 May. The Committee welcome6 community initiatives this Community initiative, taking the view that it should help to consolidate the economic and 1.3.56. Commission Decisions. Purpose: see social foundations of the peace process and pro- Table 2.

Table 2 Financing - of Community initiatives mtllron

Inltiative Country/regron Fund Total assistance

ADAFTT Belgium r Flanders ESF t4.96 o Wallonia ESF 16.24

Denmark ESF 29.50

Germany ESF 228.80

Greece ESF 30. l0

Spain ESF 256.40

France ESF 226.37

Ireland ESF 21.2

Italy ESF 190

Luxembourg ESF 0.30

Netherlands ESF 57.55

Portugal ESF 2t

United Kingdom ESF 283.s0

United Kingdom (Northern Ireland) ESF 3. l0

PESCA Italy ESF 34.t7

28 Bull. EU 5-1995 Trans-European networks

Less-developed regions

1.3.57. Commission Decisions. Purpose: see Table 3.

under Objective I Table 3 - Financing (million ECU)

Country/reSion Total assistance

Italy o Apulia ERDF.EAGGF.ESF I 148.4

Declining industrial areas

1.3.58. Commission Decisions. Purpose: see Table 4.

Table 4 Financing under Objective 2 - (nillion ECU)

Country/region Total assistance

Spain o La Rioja

Amended proposal adopted by the Commission Trans-European networks on 30 May. coM(95) 226 Energy 1.3.60. Proposal for a Council Decision laying a Parliament and Council 1.3.59. Proposal for down a series of measures aimed at creating a down a series of guidelines on Decision laying more favourable context for the development of energy networks. trans-European trans-European networks in the energy sector. Reference: European Energy Charter Treaty: OJ L 380,31.12.1994; Bull. 12-1994, point l.2.ll0 Commission proposal: OJ C 72, 10.3.1994; Commission proposal: OI C 72, 1O.3.1994; COM(93) 685; Bull. ll2-1994, point 1.2.88 COM(93) 685; Bull. ll2-1994, point 1.2.88 Economic and Social Committee opinion: OJ C Economic and Social Committee opinion: OJ C 195, 18.7.1994; Bull. 4-1994, point 1.2.74 195, 18.7.1994; Bull. 4-1994, point 1.2.74 Committee of the Regions opinion: Ol C 217, Committee of the Regions opinion: OJ C 2l'1, 6.8.1994; Bull. 5-1994, Point 1.2.70 6.8.1994: Bull. 5-1994, point 1.2.70 Endorsed by Parliament (first reading), on Endorsed by Parliamefi (rtr$ reading) on propose some 18 May subject to various amemdments aimed 18 May. However, Parliament did in particular at ensuring the rational use of en- amendments aimed at giving priority to trans- reduce ergy resources, making greater use of renewable European energy networks which help to growth, resources, and ensuring closer relations with energy supply costs, and to promote em- non-Community countries in the energy field, ployment and competitiveness and the devel- while adhering to the Energy Charter Treaty. opment of economic and social cohesion. oJ c l5l, 19.6.1995 oJ c l5l, 19.6.1995

Bull. EU 5-1995 29 Energy

Amended proposal adopted by the Commission References: on 30 May. Council Decision 89/364|EEC on a Commu- coM(gs) 226 nity action programme for improving the efficiency of electricity use (PACE): OJ L 157, 9.6.1989; Bull. 6-1989, poinr 2. Ll90 Transport Council Decision 9l/565lEEC concerning the promotion of energy efficiency (SAVE I): OJ L 307, 8.1l.l99l; Bull. l0-1991, poinr 1.3.61. Proposal for a Parliament and Council 1.2.62 Decision on Community guidelines for the de- Adopted by the Commission on 3I May. The velopment of the trans-European network. Commission is proposing to continue and expand the activities established under the Commission proposal: OJ C 22O, 8.8.1994; programme, COM(94) 106; Bull. 4-1994, point 1.2.76 SAVE I which comes to an end on Committee of the Regions opinion: Bull. 3l December 1995, as part of a new programme 9-1994, point l.2.l0l with a budget of ECU 150 million for the period Economic and Social Committee opinion: OJ C 1996-2000. The proposal provides for the estab- 397,31.12.1994; Bull. ll-1994, point 1.2.84 lishment of an overall framework incorporating Amended Commission proposal: OJ C 9'1 , the electricity end-use efficiency programme 2O.4.1995; COM(95) 48; Bull. l12-1995, point (PACE) and the pilot projects under the regional 1.3.83 and urban energy management scheme. The Endorsed by Parliament (first reading) on main objectives are as follows: 18 Malt subject to various amendments advocat- ! reinforcement of activities in progress con- ing in particular greater consideration for envi- cerning the labelling and standardization of en- ronmental protection and compliance with the ergy-using equipment, pilot energy-efficiency principle of interoperability, and ensuring the initiatives, and the dissemination of information; coherence of the trans-European transport net- tr new activities concerning the monitoring of work. Parliament also proposed numerous progress made with energy efficiency, and grea- amendments aimed at altering the list of projects ter cohesion between Member States with regard selected and the various maps concerned. to energy management strategies. oJ c t5l. 19.6.1995 coM(95) 225

Internal energy market Telematics and telecommunications Natural gas and electricity 1.3.62. Commission communication to Parlia- 1.3.64. Commission working paper on small ment, the Council, the Economic and Social and very small electricity systems in the internal Committee and the Committee of the Regions electricity market. on a methodology for the implementation of Reference: Commission working paper information society applications, and a proposal on the organization of the intemal Parliament electricity market: for a and Council Decision on a Bull. 3-1995, point 1.3.90 series of guidelines for trans-European telecom- Adopted munications networks (+ point 1.3.78). on l0 May. ln this working paper, which supplements the working paper it adopted on 27 March, the Commission considers that small and very small electricity systems should be treated in the same way as all the other elec- Energy tricity systems in the conrext of the liberalization of the Community electricity market.

Community energy strategy International cooperation General Promotion of energy fficienct 1.3.65. Proposal for a Council Regulation 1.3.63. Proposal for a Council Decision con- adopting a multiannual programme to promote cerning the promotion of energy efficiency in international cooperation in the energy sector the European Union (SAVE II). (Synergy programme).

30 Bull. EU 5-1995 Transport

Adopted by the Commission on 23 May. The aim Parliament opinion (first reading): OJ C 205, of this proposal is to provide the European Com- 25.7.1994; Bull. 5-1994, point 1.2.81 proposal: 225, munity with a five-year international cooper- Amended Commission OJ C 13.8.1994; 316; Bull. 7/8-1994, point ation programme (1996-2000), which would COM(94) 1.2.88 carried out hitherto on an subsume the activities Economic and Social Committee opinion: OJ C annual basis, and would consist of cooperation 393,31 .12.1994; Bull.9-1994, point 1.2.110 and assistance to non-Community countries in Council agreement on a common position: the definition, formulation and implementation Bull. 9-1994, point 1.2.110 of energy policy. The objectives of the pro- Council common position: OJ C 354, gramme are to promote sustainable develop- 13.12.1994: Bull. I l-1994, point 1.2.97 ment, notably by reducing emissions of green- Parliament opinion (second reading): OJ C 89, point 1.3.95 house gases and of pollutants linked to energy 10.4.1995; Bull. 3-1995, to enhance security of supply, and consumption, Re-examined proposal adopted by the Commis- energy efficiency. To achieve these to improve sion on 5 May. The Commission accepted all the are proposed concerning objectives, activities amendments adopted by Parliament. assistance training, energy plan- technical and coM(95) l5l ning, the organization of conferences and seminars, and the establishment of institutions such 1.3.68. Proposal for a Council Directive on the as energy centres. The proposed budget for the allocation of railway infrastructure and the programme is ECU 50 million. charging of infrastructure fees. coM(95) 197 Commission proposal: OJ C 24, 28.1.1994: COM(93) 678; Bull. 12-1993, point 1.2.130 States United Parliament opinion (first reading): OJ C 205, 1.3.66. Draft cooperation Agreement between 25.7.1994; Bull. 5-1994, point 1.2.81 the European Atomic Energy Community and Amended Commission proposal: OJ C 225, point the United States in the nuclear field. t3.8.1994; COM(94) 316; Bull. 718-1994, t.2.87 Negotiating directives: Bull. l2-1991, point Economic and Social Committee opinion: OJ C 1.2.126 393,31.12.1994; Bull. 9-1994, point l.2.ll0 Proposal a Council Decision approving the Council agreement on a common position: for Bull. 9-1994, point 1.2.1 10 conclusion of the Agreement by the Commission Council common position: OJ C 354, on May. The new adopted by the Commission l0 13.12.1994; Bull. ll-1994, point 1.2.98 Agreement, which will replace the existing Parliament opinion (first reading): OJ C 89, Agreement which dates back to 1960 and 10.4.1995; Bull. 3-1995, point 1.3.96 expires on 3l December 1995, provides for the maintenance, improvement and extension of Re-examined proposal adopted by the Commis- cooperation with the United States in fields such sion on 5 May. The Commission accepted some as the transfer of nuclear materials and equip- of Parliament's amendments, in particular those ment, research and development, and industrial designed to clarify the procedures for submitting and commercial activities. and examining applications for infrastructure capacity. coM(gs) lsl

1.3.69. Proposal for a Council Directive on the Transport approximation of the laws of the Member States with regard to the transport of dangerous goods Inland transport by rail. Commission proposal: OJ C 389, 31.12.1994; Rail transport COM(94) 573; Bull. 12-1994, point 1.2.1l8 1.3.67. Proposal for a Council Directive on the Endorsed by the Economic and Social Commit- licensing of railway undertakings. tee on 3l May subject to certain comments call- Commission proposal: OJ C 24, 28.1.1994; ing for a monitoring system for private and COM(93) 678; Bull. 12-1993, point 1.2.130 regional rail transport and the application to mil-

Bull. EU 5-1995 3l Transport

itary transport operations of safety standards Council resolution on structural improvements identical to those applicable to civil transport in inland waterway transport: OJ C 309, operations. 5.11.1994: Bull. 10- 1994, point L2.65 Regulations to be amended: Council Regulation (EEC) No llOTlTO: Ol L Road transport 130, 15.6.1970, as last amended by Regulahon (EEC) No 3578192: OJ L 364, 12.12.1992; 1.3.70. Proposal for a Council Directive Blll. 12-1992, point l.3.l2l amending Directive driving 9ll439lEEC on Council Regulation (EEC) No ll0l/89: OJ L licences. 116,28.4.1989; Bull. 4-1989, point 2.1.175 as Directive to be amended: Council Directive last amended by Regulation (EC) No 3314194 OJ L 350,31.12.1994; 12-1994, point 9 I I 439 IEEC OJ L 237, 24.8. 199 I ; Bull. 7/8- I 99 I, Bull. l.2.l2l point 1.2.287 as last amended Directive by Adopted on 23 May. Having come to the conclu- 94l72lEC: Ol L 33'7, 24.12.1994; Bull. l2-1994, point 1.2.120 sion that the development of inland waterway transport has been hampered because of restric- Adopted by the Commission on 10 May. Pur- tive practices in certain markets, structural over- pose: to introduce from I July 1996 an optional capacity, and the high cost of trans-shipment, Community model driving licence in credit card the Commission feels that this situation should format as an alternative to the paper model be rectified by gradually liberalizing the inland introduced in 1991. waterway transport market, improving the struc- coM(gs) 166 ture of the sector, and promoting inland waterway transport. To this end, it proposes the fol- 1.3.71. Proposal for a Council Directive on the lowing measures: use of vehicles hired without drivers for the carriage o[ goods by road. tr abolition by I January 2000 of the 'chartering by rotation' system (tour de rble) whereby car- Commission proposal: OJ C 80, 1.4. 1995; COM goes are allocated on the basis of a waiting list (95) 2; Bull. l12-1995, point 1.3.89 of vessels operating at fixed rates. The idea is Endorsed by the Economic and Social Commit- that gradually it should be possible for contracts tee on 31 May. The Committee stressed the to be concluded freely between the parties con- importance of verification by the Member States cerned and for rates to be freely negotiated; of compliance with the provisions whereby a I further large-scale structural improvements hired vehicle must be driven by the lessee or by over a three-year period, by amending Regu- a driver employed by the lessee. lation (EEC) No l10l/89 so as to reduce capacity by l5Eo over the period 1996-98; Inland waterway transport tr revise the State aid rules provided for in Council Regulation (EEC) No llO7l89, so as to 1.3.72. Commission communication on a com- enable Member States to cofinance investment mon policy on the organization of the inland in inland waterway terminals and fixed and waterway transport market and supporting mea- mobile equipment needed for loading and sures, proposal for a Council Directive on the unloading. systems of chartering and pricing in national and coM(95) t99 international inland waterway transport, proposal for a Council Regulation amending Council 1.3.73. Proposal for a Council Regulation Regulation (EEC) No I l0l/89 on structural amending Regulation (EEC) No 1101/89 on improvements in inland waterway transport, and structural improvements in inland waterway proposal for a Council Regulation amending transport. Regulation (EEC) No llOT/7O on the granting Regulation to be amended: Council Regulation of aids for transport by rail, road and inland (EEC) No 1101/89: OJ L l16, 28.4.1989; Bull. waterway. 4-1989, point 2.1.175: as last amended by Regu- lation (EC) No 33 l4194: OJ L 350, 31.12.1994; References: Bull. 12-1994, point 1.2.121 Commission report on the organization of the inland waterway transport market and systems of Adopted by the Commission on 23 May. Pur- chartering by rotation. pose: to create an appropriate legal basis for a

32 Bull. EU 5-1995 The information society, telecommunications

Community financial contribution to the 1.3.76. Proposal for a Council Regulation on national scrapping funds of the Member States the safety management of RO-RO passenger concerned. vessels. coM(gs) 200 Commission proposal: COM(95) 28; Bull. l12-1995, point 1.3.92 1.3.74. Proposal for a Council Regulation on common rules applicable to the transport of Endorsed by the Economic and Social Commit- tee on May. The Committee welcomed goods or passengers by inland waterway be- 3l this proposal which seeks make tween Member States with a view to establish- to mandatory the ISM code (international ing freedom to provide such transport services. management code for the safe operation of ships and for pollution pre- Reference: Court of Justice judgment in Case vention). It felt that any derogations should be 13183 Parliament v Council: OJ C 144, strictly limited to small companies operating do- r 3.6.1985 mestic services, and stressed the importance of compliance with Part the Adopted by the Commission on l0 May. Pur- 6 of ISM code conceming the qualifications master pose: to propose, in accordance with the judg- of the and crew. ment of the Court of Justice of 22May 1985, Community rules governing access to the market in the transport of goods and passengers by State aid inland waterway between Member States with a Decision to raise no objections view to establishing freedom to provide such transport services. Germany OJ C 164, 30.6.1995; COM(95) 167 1.3.77. Commission Decision concerning the privatization of Lufthansa. Adopted on l0 May. The measures planned by Sea transport the German government mainly concern the granting of a DM 1.55 billion contribution to 1.3.75. Proposal for a Council Directive con- supplementary pension funds for Lufthansa em- cerning the enforcement, in respect of shipping ployees. These measures are linked to Luft- using Community ports and sailing in the waters hansa's withdrawal, as part of the airline's priv- under the jurisdiction of the Member States, of atization programme, from the supplementary international standards for ship safety, pollution pension fund managed by the Versorgungsan- prevention and shipboard living and working stalt des Bundes und der Liinder (VBL), to conditions. which, as a public company, it had been obliged to pay contributions. Commission proposal: OJ C 107, 15.4.1994; COM(94) 73; Bull. 3-1994, point 1.2.91 The Commission took the view that a private Econornic and Social Committee opinion: OJ C investor in the same position as the German 393, 3l .12.1994; Bull. 9-1994, point I .2. I I 8 State, i.e. obliged to relinquish its control of Parliament opinion (first reading)z OJ C 323, Lufthansa, would very probably have acted in 21.11.1994; Bull. l0-1994, point 1.2.66 the same way. It therefore decided to raise no Amended proposal: Commission OJ C 347, objections to the State's financial contribution to 8.12.1994; COM(94) 501; Bull. I l-1994, point the pension fund. 1.2.106 Council agreement on a common position: Bull. ll-1994, point 1.2.106 Council common position: OJ C 93, 13.4.1995: Bull. 3-1995, point 1.3.100 The information society, telecommunications Endorsed by Parliament (second reading) on l8 May, subject to two amendments designed to extend the scope of the Directive to cover ships General sailing in the waters under a Member State's 1.3.78. Communication from the Commission jurisdiction. to the Council, the European Parliament, the oJ c l5l, 19.6.1995 Economic and Social Committee and the Com-

Bull. EU 5-1995 33 The information society, telecommunications mittee of the Regions on a methodology for the tives of facilitating the transition to the informa- implementation of information society application society, improving the competitiveness of tions, accompanied by a proposal for a European European industry, strengthening economic and Parliament and Council Decision on a series of social cohesion, and accelerating the develop- guidelines for trans-European telecommunica- ment of activities in growth areas such as multi- tions networks. media and electronic information services which lead to job creation. It particularly sets out a list References: of projects of common interest in the following European Parliament and Council Decision No I l0l/94lEC, concerning the founh frame- fields: programme of European Community acttv- work ! applications enabling users to interact with ities in the field of research, technological devel- and networks meeting opment and demonstration (1994-98): OJ L 126, generic services basic for 18.5.1994; Bull. 4-1994, point 1.2.69 their professional needs (networks for universi- Council conclusions on the information ties and research centres, services for SMEs and society: Bull. 9-1994, point 1.2.125 private citizens, telematic systems for health, Proposal for a Council Regulation laying down transport, the environment, and distance training general rules for the granting of Community and working); financial aid in the field of trans-European net- generic such as electronic mail, mul- works: OJ C 115,9.5.1995; COM(95) 32; Bull. I services 3-1995. pornt 1.3.89 timedia and services incorporating digital signa- tures; Adopted b1t the Cornmission on 3l Ma1,. In this n basic networks offering trans-European inter- communication, transmitted in response to a connection of integrated services digital net- request from the Council of 28 September 1994, works (ISDN) and integrated broadband com- the Commission sets out guidelines for coor- munication (IBC). dinated action to make optimum use of Commu- col|I(gs) 224 nity financial instruments and resources in the development of new information society services and applications. Due to uncertainties about the commercial viability of certain pro- Telecommunications jects, it considers that the European Union can help to stimulate certain initiatives by fulfilling 1.3.79. Communication from the Commission three roles: to the Council and the European Parliament on the consultation on the Green Paper on the liber- tr an information and awareness role r.'is-d-r,i.s alization of telecommunications infrastructure actors in the public and private sectors, parti- and cable television networks. cularly by maintaining an updated inventory of projects that are planned or under way at References: national, European and international levels; Commission Green Paper on the liberalization of telecommunications infrastructures and cable I a brokerage role, in bringing together actors television networks Part I: principle and time- from different sectors who may have a common table: COM(94) 440; Bull. l0-1994. point 1.2.71; interest in certain initiatives: Part II: a common approach to the provision of n a guidance role, in orienting interested part- telecommunications infrastructure in the Euro- pean Union: COM(94) 682; Bull. ll2-l995,point ners towards the financial instruments and re- 1.3.101 sources at the disposal of the European Union, Council resolution on the principles and trme- especially in connection with the proposed table for the liberalization of telecommunications trans-European networks support mechanism, infrastructures: OJ C 379. 31.12.1994: Bull. the R & TD framework programme, the Struc- 12-1994, point 1.2.127 tural Funds, the Cohesion Fund and the EIB. Adopted b1t the Comnissiort on 3 May. In this The proposal for a decision, as part of this communication. transmitted further to a Council approach, aims to establish a series of guidelines resolution of November 1994. the Commission for trans-European telecommunications net- presents the results of the consultations under- works on the basis of Article l29c of the EC taken following the adoption of Part I of the Treaty. The proposal has the particular objec- Green Paper on the liberalization of telecommu-

34 Bull. EU 5-1995 The information society, telecommunications

nications infrastructure and cable television net- ing Directive 90/388/EEC regarding rhe works. It stresses that these consultations elic- abolition of the restrictions on the use of cable ited a multitude of reactions, particularly from television networks for the provision of tele- companies, associations and trade unions, users communications services. and consumers. It was thus possible to arrive at Reference: Draft Commission Directive: OJ C a general agreement on the need for a clear and 76,28.3.1995: Blll. 12-1994, point 1.2.41 consistent regulatory framework throughout the Adopted by the Economic and Social Committee territory of the Union governing in particular the on I June. The Committee welcomed this draft following fields: Directive while considering that the restrictions n licensing: transparent measures and proce- on the use of cable networks could not be lifted dures for awarding licences or authorizations without clearly defining a regulatory framework must be set up by 1998; for universal service and particularly the condi- tr interconnection of networks: there is wide- tions for a contribution by mobile communi- spread support for a common regulatory frame- cations providers towards financing universal work to facilitate the negotiation of arrange- service. It also stressed the disparities in the de- ments on the interconnection of networks; velopment of cable networks in the Member tr universal services: most operators, service States, which could lead to cases of unfair com- providers and users' organizations consider that petition. basic voice telephony represents an adequate 1.3.82. Parliament Resolution on the Commis- starting point; sion communication 'Towards the personal tr the international dimension: there is agree- communications environment: Green Paper on a ment on the need for the European Union to common approach in the field of mobile and seek to obtain effective access to third country personal communications in the European markets. Union' and on the Commission communication coM(gs) ls8 on the consultation on the Green Paper on mobile and personal communications. 1.3.80. Parliament Resolution on the Green Paper on the liberalization of telecommunica- References: tions infrastructure and cable television net- Commission communication 'Towards the personal communications environment: Green Paper works Part II: a common approach to the pro- on a common approach in the field of mobile and vision -of infrastructure for telecommunications personal communications' : OJ C 27 6, 3.10.1994; in the European Union'. COM(94) 145; Bull. 4-1994, point 1.2.98 Reference: Commission Green Paper: COM(94) Commission communication on the consulta- 682; Bull. 112-1995, point 1.3. l0l tion on the Green Paper on mobile and personal communications, accompanied by a proposal for Adopted by Parliament on 19 May. Parliament, a Council resolution on the further development stressing the need to define universal service, of mobile and personal communications in the calls for the establishment of national universal European Union: COM(94) 492; Bull. I l-1994, service funds to finance the expenditure occa- point 1.2.1l5 sioned by the supply of services in this field. It Adopted by Parliament on 19 May. Parliament suggests that a European Regulatory Authority approves the Commission's proposals for mea- be set up to supervise the granting of licences in sures while calling, however for the provision of order to avoid any use of the networks for crimi- public mobile communications services to take nal or anti-social activities. Parliament also rec- account of universal service requirements and ommends that more attention be paid to the consumers' interests. Parliament suggests set- social and environmental aspects of liberaliza- ting I January 1996 as the deadline for estab- tion. In addition, it calls for the establishment of lishing a harmonized licensing approach for a regulatory framework to preserve cultural satellite-based mobile communications, consi- diversity, plurality and a European identity, with dering the environmental, defence and public- separate rules in the fields of radio and televi- order aspects, and undertaking negotiations sion. within the World Trade Organization (WTO) or oJ c l5l, 19.6.1995 on a bilateral basis with a view to lifting the re- 1.3.81. Economic and Social Committee opin- strictions on European firms. ion on the draft Commission Directive amend- oJ c l5l, 19.6.1995

Bull. EU 5-1995 35 Environment

1.3.83. Proposal for a European Parliament and cultural development of the citizens of Eu- and Council Directive on the application of open rope. network provision (ONP) to voice telephony. In pursuit of these objectives, it envisages cer- Commission proposal: Ol C 122, 18.5.1995; tain actions aimed at mobilizing European users, COM(94) 689; Bull. 112-1995, point 1.3.102 exploiting the information potential of the public sector in Europe and seizing opportunities in the Endorsed by Parliament (first reading) ott 'information content' field. l6 Mav. coM(95) 149 oJ c 151. 19.6.1995

Endorsed b_t- the Economic and Social Commit- tee on 3l May, subject to a number of observations stressing that the implementation of the measures should take account of the necessary costs, the economic and social viability and the Environment technical feasibility of the plans.

Economic, fiscal and legal instruments Development of an information services market 1.3.85. Proposal for a Council Directive introducing a tax on carbon dioxide emissions and 1.3.84. Commission communication to the energy. European Parliament and to the Council concerning a multi-annual Community programme Reference: Essen European Council conclusions: Bull. 12-1994, point I.5 to stimulate the development of a European mul- Commission proposal: OJ C 196, 3.8.1992:' content industry and to encourage the timedia COM (92) 226',8t11.5-1992, point l.l.l14 use of multimedia content in the emerging infor- Economic and Social Committee opinion: OJ C mation society ('Info 2000'), accompanied by a 108, 19.4.1993; Btll. l/2-1993, point 1.2.162 proposal for a Council Decision adopting this programme. Amended proposal adopted by the Commission on l0 May. This amendment to the proposal for Appro,',ed by the Commission on 3 May. "[he a Directive introducing a tax on carbon dioxide Commission proposes, in a programme covering emissions and energy stems from the commit- the period 1996-99. to expand and intensify the ment given by the Commission at the Essen European Union's policy in the field of the European Council to submit guidelines to enable 'information content' industry, which covers every Member State to apply a CO,/energy tax firms involved in the production, development, on the basis of common parameters if it so de- packaging and distribution of information. It sires. In order to honour this commitment and emphasizes the need to encourage the emer- overcome the obstacles preventing the Council gence of the multimedia industry and lays par- from adopting the proposal, the Commission has ticular stress on the transition from the printed made it more flexible. The main change is the page to electronic media. To this end and to introduction of a transitional period until I Janu- complement the actions undertaken to bring ary 2000 during which the Member States will about the information society, the Commission have a degree of latitude in determining the tax proposes three strategic objectives: rates. However, after 1 January 1996, Member States wishing to apply the tax must do so I to facilitate the development of the European within a harmonized structure, respecting com- 'information content' industry; mon parameters. The Commission is now pro- tr to optimize the contribution of new informa- posing that the rates per product fixed in the tion services to growth, competitiveness and em- original proposal should be target rates towards ployment in Europel which Member States will endeavour to make tr to maximize the contribution of advanced their domestic rates converge in the medium information services to the professional, social term. The other characteristics of the tax (tax

36 Bull. EU 5-1995 Environment

base, chargeable event, and chargeability) and Waste management the objectives of the tax (rational use of energy, 1.3.88. Proposal for a Council Directive on the reduction in greenhouse gas emissions) remain landfill of waste. unchanged and its fiscal neutrality is maintained, while certain safeguard clauses (conditionality Commission proposal: OJ C 190, 22.7.1991; COM(91) 102; Bull. 4-1991, point 1.2.134 and temporary suspension of the tax) are no Economic and Social Committee opinion: OJ C longer required and have been deleted. Before 40, 17.2.1992; Bull. l1-1991, point 1.2.182 the end of the transitional period, the Commis- Parliament opinion (first reading): OJ C 305, sion will present a report on the operation of the 23.11.1992; Bull. 10-1992, point 1.3.103 transitional arrangements and proposals con- Amended Commission proposal: Ol C 212, cerning the rules for the application of harmo- 5.8.1993; COM(93) 275; Bull. 6-1993, point nized rates, which remain the medium-term t.2.t6t objective. Council agreement on a common position: Bull. 6-1994, point 1.2.176 coM(95) 172 Parliament opinion on the legal basis delivered on 19 May. Parliament accepted the modified legal basis proposed by the Council (Article Financial instruments 130s(l) of the EC Treaty). oJ c l5l, 19.6.1995 1.3.86. Commission Decision granting financial support to projects for the protection of hab- Civil protection itats and nature. 1.3.89. Proposal for a Council Decision estab- Basic Regulation: Council Regulation (EEC) lishing a Community action programme in the No 1973192, establishing a financial instrument field of civil protection. for the environment (LIFE): OJ L 206,22.7 .1992; Reference: Bull. 5-1992, point l.l. 123 Council resolution on strengthening Community cooperation on civil protection: OJ C Adopted on 5 May. Purpose: to grant financial 313, 10.11.1994; Bull. l0-1994, point 1.2.107 support totalling ECU 10 610 000 to l5 projecrs. Adopted on 4 May. The aim of the proposed programme is to stengthen Community cooperation on civil protection, as called for by the Council, by supporting, backing up and supplementing Industry and dvironment the Member States' efforts in this field. It provides for the implementation and funding of spe- Emissions from industrial plants and cific measures (training, exchanges of experts, products simulation exercises, pilot projects, and information) designed in particular to help: 1.3.87. Proposal for a Council Directive con- ! increase the degree of preparedness of those cerning integrated pollution prevention and con- involved in civil protection in the Member trol. States; Commission proposal: OJ C 311, 17.11.1993; tr improve response methods and techniques; COM(93) 423; Bull. 9-1993, point 1.2.103 tr enhance public information, education and Economic and Social Committee opinion: OJ C awareness, so as to help citizens to protect them- 195, 18.7.1994; Bull. 4-1994, point 1.2.146 selves more effectively. Parliament opinion (first reading): OJ 18, C Ol C 142,8.6.1995; COM(95) 155 23.1.1995; Blull. 12-1994, point l.2.2Ol

Amended proposal adopted by the Commission Environmental quality and natural on 15 May. The amendments made to the origi- resources nal proposal, in the light of the European Parlia- ment's opinion, are aimed at introducing the Protection of nature, flora and fauna, concept of 'basic obligations of the operators' and coastal Zones and making various technical clarifications. 1.3.90. Commission communication on wise coM(gs) 88 use and conservation of wetlands.

Bull. EU 5-1995 37 Environment

References: l7 May and proposal for a Decision concerning Fifth Community programme of policy and signature adopted bv the Commission on action in relation to the environment and sustain- 29 May Purpose: to authorize the Commission able development: COM(92) 23; Bull. 3-1992, to negotiate and, where appropriate, sign the point l.2.ll5 revised Convention and Protocols. Council Directive 92143/EE.C on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and coM(95) 202 flora: OJ L 206,22.7.1992; Bull. 5-1992, point on whale hunting 1.1.t32 1.3.92. Parliament resolution and the next International Whaling Commission Adopted on 29 Ma1t. In this communication to meeting. the Council and Parliament, as part of the imple- Parliament resolution on whaling in mentation of the Community's fifth environ- Reference: Norway: OJ C 241, 21.9.1992:' BulL 718-1992, stressed the ment programme, the Commission potnr 1.3.224 ecological importance of wetlands (coastal wetlands, estuaries and deltas, flood plains, lakes, Adopted on l8 Ma1'. Parliament restated its peatlands, etc.) and indicated that the loss and opposition to the commercial killing of any spe- degradation of wetlands in recent years in Eu- cies of whales that is seen as an endangered spe- rope is widespread, even though there are al- cies by the Scientific Committee of the Interna- ready various Community instruments and pol- tional Whaling Commission, called for a icies available to encourage their wise use and conservation area for whales in the Southern conservation. The Commission therefore takes Ocean and called upon the Commission to the view that there is a need for a specific Com- express to the International Whaling Commis- munity policy on wetlands in order to prevent sion the European Union's support for the con- them disappearing and encourage their wise use tinuation of the moratorium on commercial by integrating the abovementioned instruments whaling. and policies in a coherent fashion. in particular as a result of: It also opposed the scheduled dumping of off- shore installations in the Atlantic Ocean and the tr incorporation in the Natura 2000 network deliberate pollution of the marine environment provided for by the 1992 Directive on the con- that would result. wetlands servation of natural habitats of all of oJ c 151. 19.6.1995 Community importance, and compliance with the corresponding preservation obligations; 1.3.93. Commission comlllnication on the tr integrated management of water resourcesl evaluation of the biological impact of fishing tr implementation of a Community spatial plan- (+ point I .3.122). ning strategy; tr granting of financial support to integrated Urban environment, air qualitlt, programmes and the implementation of coor- transport and energy, noise dinated multisectoral policies aimed specifically at promoting the wise use and conservation of 1.3.94. Proposal for a Parliament and Council wetlands. Directive amending Council Directive 8616621 coM(gs) r89 EEC on the limitation of noise emitted by earth- moving machinery. 1.3.91. Revision of the Convention for the Protection of the Mediterranean Sea against Pol- Commission proposal: OJ C 157, 9.6.1993: COM(93) 154; Bull. 5-1993, point 1.2.104 lution (Barcelona Convention) and the Protocols Parliament opinion (first reading): OJ C 255, to that concerning the prevention of Convention 20.9.1993; Bull. 7/8-1993, point 1.2.145 pollution by dumping from ships and aircraft Economic and Social Committee opinion: OJ C and concerning specially protected areas. 304, 10.1 1.1993; Bull. 9-1993, point 1.2.108 Reference: Council Decision 771585/EEC con- Proposal subject to the co-decision procedure cluding the Barcelona Convention: OJ L 240, since 1 November 1993 t9.9.1977 Council agreement on a common position: Bull. 3-1994, point 1.2.155 Rec'ommendation for a Decision concerning Council common position: OJ C 213, 3.8.1994; negotiations adopted by the Contmission ott Bull. 6- 1994, pornt 1.2.186

38 Bull. EU 5-1995 Agriculture

Parliament amendments (second reading): OJ duced by Council Regulation (EC) No 150/95 of C 341,5.12.1994; Bull. ll-1994, point 1.2.192 derogating, in order to comply with the obliga- Commission opinion: COM(94) Bull. 655; tions emerging from the Uruguay Round and l/2-1995, point 1.3.1 l5 budgetary discipline, from the agrimonetary pro- Joint text: Bull. 3-1995, point 1.3.109 visions in force, and in particular the two mech- Joint text approved by Parliament on 18 May. anisms regarding compensatory measures in the event oJ c l5l, 19.6.1995 of a major revaluation: on the one hand, payment of aid 12 months after the revaluation, on a temporary (three years) and degressive basis, part-financed by the European Union, by way of compensation for income losses suffered by producers as a result of the impact of the revaluation on prices and, on the other hand, an Agriculture increase in terms of ecus in direct aids to prevent any fall in the value of such aids in national currencies. Orientation of CAP Taking the view that application of these provisions in the current monetary situation could lead to additional agricultural expenditure of 1.3.95. Proposal for a Council Regulation over ECU I billion in 1996, the Commission amending Council Regulation (EC) No 2lOOl94 proposes a derogation from the present arrange- on Community plant variety rights. ments up to the end of 1995, on the basis of Commission proposal: OJ C l17, 12.5.1995; three principles whereby the compensatory mea- COM(95) 144; Bull. 4-1995, point 1.3.104 sures: tr must correspond to actual income losses in Endorsed by the Economic and Social Commit- the light of price movements over the past few tee on I June. The Committee wished the Coun- years; cil to adopt a final decision as soon as possible tr must not increase resource requirements for on the seat of the Community Plant Variety the CAP beyond possibilities Office. the laid down by budgetary discipline; D must not lead to overcompensation and must therefore be applied degressively and as a tem- Agrimonetary system porary measure to take account of the natural erosion of income loss. 1.3.96. Proposal for a Council Regulation reg- The main proposal is that aid be paid to compen- ulating compensation for reductions in the agri- sate for loss of income immediately after the re- cultural conversion rates of certain national cur- valuation. The general level of compensation rencies. granted would be subject, for each percentage point of revaluation, to a ceiling determined on References: the basis of an analysis carried out by the Com- Council Regulation (EEC) No 3813/92 on the mission concerning the impact of the revaluation unit of account and the conversion rates to be the agricultural conversion (ACT) on applied for the purposes of the common agricul- of rate tural policy (OJ L 387, 31.12.1992; Bull. farm income. 12-1992, point 1.3.209), as last amended by Reg- The aid would be eligible for part-financing and ulation (EC) No 150/95: OJ L 22, 31.1.1995; decrease over three years, but that part which Bull. l/2-1995, point 1.3.121 could not be reduced would be financed fully by Council Decision concerning the conclusion of the European Union to enable those Member the agreements reached in the Uruguay Round of States which so wished to maintain the level in multilateral negotiations: OJ L 336, 23.12.1994; national currency certain Bull. l2-1994, point 1.3.98 of amounts they considered to be of particular importance. Approved by the Commission on l0 May. For- A review clause would enable the aid to be mally adopted by the Commission on 16 May. granted for five years instead of three, if neces- This proposal is based on the possibility intro- sary.

Bull. EU 5-1995 39 Agriculture

It is also proposed that the structural or envi- Market organization ronmental aids not be reduced from their current level in national currencies in the event of reval- crops uation of the ACTs where these are covered by Arable work programmes under way. 1.3.99. Proposal for a Council Regulation Regulation (EEC) On the basis of the monetary gaps as at 25 April, amending for the eighth time for the impact of this proposal for the 1996 budget No 1765/92 establishing a support system would be ECU I I million. producers of certain arable crops. coM(gs) 173 Commission proposal: OJ C 48, 25.2.1995; COM(94) 636; Bull. ll2-1995, poinr 1.3.122

opinion on 19 May Prices and related measures Endorsed by Parliament subject to amendments concerning in particular the priority to be given to less-favoured regions 1.3.97. Proposals for Council Regulations fix- in counting arable land taken out of production ing agricultural prices and certain related mea- for environmental or forestry purposes and the sures. possibility of granting national aid for the pro- Commission proposals: OJ C 99, 21.4.1995; duction of medicinal plants or for recreational COM(95) 34; Bull. l/2-1995, point 1.3.120 activities relating to agriculture and rural tou- opinion: Bull. Economic and Social Committee rism. 4-1995. point 1.3.105 oJ c 15l, 19.6.1995 Endorsed by Parliament on 18 Ma-v, subject to various amendments. Parliament requested in 1.3.100. Proposal for a Council Regulation particular that the starting date for intervention amending Regulation (EEC) No 1166192 on the not be put back. Nor did it wish to see the common organization of the market in cereals (EC) monthly increases for cereals reduced or the and Regulation No 1868/94 establishing a intervention price for butter cut. It also asked the quota system in relation to the production of Commission to propose permanent measures to potato starch. take account of persistent drought in some Commission proposal: COM(95) 24'. Bull. regions of the European Union. 3-1995. point 1.3.1 l6 oJ c l5l. 19.6.1995 Endorsed b1t the Economic and Social Contmit' 1.3.98. Council Regulation (EC) No 1225195 tee on 3I Ma1' subject to a few technical obser- fixing the basic and buying-in prices for cau- vations. liflowers, peaches, nectarines, apricots, lemons and tomatoes for June 1995. Oils and fats Reference: Council Regulation (EEC) No 1035/72 on the common organization of the 1.3.101. Council Regulation (EC) No 1267/95 market in fresh fruit and vegetables (OJ L I18, amending Regulation (EEC) No 1332/92 intro- 2O.5.1972), as last amended by the Act of Acces- ducing specific measures for table olives. sion of Austria, Finland and Sweden: OJ C 241, 29.8.1994; Bull. 6-1994, point 1.3.15: OJ L I, Regulation amended: Council Regulation (EEC) 1.1.1995, and by Regulation (EC) No 3290194: Nol332l92 (OJ L 145,27.5.1995:' Bull.5-1992, OJ L 349, 3t.12.1994: B,ull. 12-1994, point point 1.1.159), as last amended by Regulation 1.3.99 (EEC) No 587/93: OJ L 61. 13.3.1993 Commission proposal: OJ C 82. 4.4.1995; COM Proposal adopted by the Commission on (95) 66; Bull. 3-1995. point l.3.ll7 24 May. Parliament opinion: Ol C 126,22.5.1995; Bull. colfl,l(gs) 22O 4-1995, point 1.3.108

Adopted b1t the Council on 29 May. The purpose Adopted by the Council on 29 May. Extends the of this Regulation is to avoid a legal vacuum, three-year time limit established by Council pending the fixing of the 1995/96 agricultural Regulation (EC) No 1332192 by a further year to prices. enable cooperatives and associations thereof in oJ L r20, 31.s.1995 the Member States to complete their transforma-

40 Bull. EU 5-1995 Agriculture tion into table olive producer groups and associ- Endorsed by Parliament on 19 May. ations thereof meeting the conditions laid down oJ c l5l, 19.6.1995 in that Regulation. Endorsed by the Economic and Social Commit- ol L t23,3.6.1995 tee on 3l May. Adopted by the Council on 29 Ma-y. Adjusts the Dried fodder intervention threshold mechanism for tomatoes, apples, cauliflowers and peaches to take account 1.3.102. Proposal for a Council Regulation of the production of the three new Member (EEC) No the amending Regulation 603195 on States. common organization of the market in dried oJ L 128, r3.6.1995 fodder. Commission proposal: Ol C 79, 31.3.1995; Bananas COM(95) 961 Bull. 3-1995, point 1.3.119 1.3.104. Proposal for a Council Regulation adapting Regulation (EEC) No 404193 as Endorsed by Parliament on 19 May subject to regards the volume of the annual quota for the an amendment increasing the quotas in Greece. import of bananas into the Community follow- oJ c l5l, 19.6.1995 ing the accession of Austria, Finland and Swe- Endorsed by the Economic and Social Commit- den. tee on 3l May. The Committee, while basically Commission proposal: OJ C 136, 3.6.1995; approving the Commission proposal, requested COM(95) 115; Bull. 4-1995, point 1.3.109 that the maximum guaranteed quantities for Fin- Endorsed by the Economic and Social Commit- land and Sweden be revised. tee on 3l May. Cotton Fresh and vegetables fruit 1.3.105. Proposal for a Council Regulation 1.3.103. Council Regulation (EC) No 1321195 laying down the general rules for the system of amending Regulations (EEC) Nos 1035172, aid for cotton and repealing Regulation (EEC) 2240188 and ll2ll89 as regards the intervention No 21 69/8 1 . threshold mechanism in the fresh fruit and vege- Commission proposal: OJ C 94, 14.4.1995; table sector. Adjusts the intervention threshold COM(95) 35; Bull. 3-1995, point 1.3.122 mechanism for fresh fruit and vegetables. Endorsed by Parliament on 19 May subject to Reference: Act of Accession of Austria, Finland amendments whereby, in particular, the maxi- and Sweden: OJ C 241 , 29.8.1994; Bull. 6- 1994, mum guaranteed quantities would be increased, point 1.3.15; OJ L I, 1.1.1995 the ceiling on penalties would be maintained and Regulations amended: there would be a smaller reduction in the guide Council Regulation (EEC) No lO35l72 on the price. in fresh fruit common organization of the market oJ c l5l, 19.6.1995 and vegetables (OJ L ll8, 20.5.1972), as last amended by Regulation (EC) No 3290194: OJ L Economic and Social Committee opinion deliv- 349,31.12.1994; Bull. 12-1994, point 1.3.99 ered on 31 May. The Committee approved the Council Regulation (EEC) No 2240188 frxing, Commission's intention of keeping the present for peaches, lemons and oranges, the rules for system of aid for cotton production but felt that applying Article l6b of Regulation (EEC) the maximum guaranteed quantity should be (OJ 7/8- No 1035/72 L 198, 26.'1.1988:' Bull. increased to encourage cotton growing in the 1988, point 2.1.146), as last amended by Regu- south of the European Union and that financial fation (EEC) No l41ll92: OJ L 146,28.5.1992 producers Council Regulation (EEC) No l12ll89 on the aid should be granted to who had introduction of an intervention threshold for switched to organic cultivation. apples and cauliflowers (OJ L 118, 29.4.1989: Bull. 4-1989, point 2.1.124), as last amended by Milk and milk products Regulation (EEC) No 1754192: OJ L 180, 1.3.106. Proposal for a Council Regulation 1.7 .1992 amending Regulation (EEC) No 3950192 estab- Commission proposal: OJ C 117, 12.5.1995; lishing an additional levy in the milk and milk COM(95) 83; Bull. 3-1995, point 1.3.120 products sector.

Bull. EU 5-1995 4t Agriculture

Commission proposal: COM(95) 147; Bull. Adopted by the Commission on l0 Mav. Would 4-1995, point 1.3.1 l3 enable Portuguese farmers to benefit from the system support Endorsed by Parliantent on l9 May. of for certain arable crops by classifying land which they have not reallocated oJ c 151. 19.6.1995 to those crops within the time limit specified as 1.3.107. Council Regulation (EC) No 1288195 land qualifying for such support. extending to the periods 1991192 and 1992/93 oJ C 163, 29.6.1995: COM(95) 168 the increase decided for the periods 1993194 and L3.109. Council Regulations (EC) Nos 1994195 of the global quantities fixed for 1265195 and 1266/95 amending, respectively, Greece, Spain and Italy within the framework of Council Regulations (EEC) Nos 3013/89 on the the additional levy system in the milk and milk common organization of the market in sheep- products sector. meat and goatmeat and 3901/89 defining lambs References: fattened as heavy carcases. Council agreement: Bull. 5-1992, point l.l.l4l Reference: 1994195 agncultural prices: OJ L Council conclusions on Italian milk quotas: 197 30.7 .1994; Bull. 7/8- 1994. point 1 .2.134 Bull. 12-1992, point 1.3.240 , Regulations amended: Joint Council and Commission conclusions on Council Regulation (EEC) No30l3/89 (OJ milk quotas: Bull. l0-1994, point 1.2.88 L 289,7.10.1989; Bull. 9-1989, point 2.1.104), as Commission proposal: OJ C 46, 23.2.1995: last amended by Regulation (EEC) No 1886194: COM(95) 19r Bull. l12-1995, point 1.3.133 OJ L 197, 30.7.1994l. Bull. 7/8-1994, point Amended Commission proposal: COM(95) 1.2.t34 146; Bull. 4-1995, point 1.3.1 l2 Council Regulation (EEC) No 3901/89: OJ L 375, 23.12.1989; Bull. l2-1989, point 2. 1.189 Endorsed b1: Parliamett on l8 May. Commission proposals: OJ C 382, 31.12.1994l. oJ c l5l, 19.6.1995 COM(94) 643; Bull. 12-1994, point 1.2.163 Adopted by the Council on 29 May. This Regu- Economic and Social Committee opinion: Bull. point lation implements the joint Council and Com- 3-1995. 1.3.124 Parliament opinion: OJ C 89, 10.4.1995; Bull. mission conclusions 2l October 1994 by of 3-1995, point 1.3.124 extending retroactively to the periods l99l/92 and 1992/93 the increases in the global quanti- Adopted on 29 May. These Regulations put into ties decided for these three Member States from practice commitments made when the 1994195 I April 1993. It also makes provision, in accord- agricultural prices were adopted. ance with the agreements reached in 1992, for tr Regulation (EC) No 1265195 increases the Community financing of the programmes for number of ewe and goat premiums in Italy and repurchasing milk quotas implemented by Italy Greece from the 1995 marketing year in order to and Spain during the 1993194 milk year. compensate for non-establishment of producers' oJ L 125.29.5.t995 rights on the occasion of the l99l premium adjustment arrangements and establishes the C e re als, b e ef/v eal, s he epme at/ goatme at prerequisites for simplifying the arrangements to help producer groups. 1.3.108. Proposal for a Council Regulation amending Council Regulation (EC) No l0l7/94 ot L 123, 3.6.1995 concerning the conversion of land currently un- tr Regulation (EC) No 1266/95 relaxes the pre- der arable crops to extensive livestock farming sent derogations for the payment of the ewe pre- in Portugal. mium as regards fattening of light lambs as heavy carcases. Reference: Council Regulation (EEC) 123,3.6.r995 No 1765/92 on the common organization of the ol L market in cereals (OJ L 181, 1.7.1992: Bill. 6-1992, point 1.3.141), as last amended by Regu- lation (EC) No 3116/94: OJ L 330. 21.12.1994 EAGGF Guarantee Section Bull. l2-1994, point 1.2.154 Regulation to be amended: Council Regulation 1.3.110. Council Regulation (EC) No 1287/95 (EC) No lOl7l94: OJ L 112, 3.5.1994; Bull. amending Regulation (EEC) No 729170 on the 4-1994, point 1.2.123 financing of the common agricultural policy.

42 Bull. EU 5-1995 Fisheries

Regulation amended: Council Regulation (EEC) International cooperation No729l7O (OJ L 94, 28.4.1970), as last amended by Regulation (EEC) No2048/88: OJ L 185, 1.3.113. Draft International Cereals Agree- 15.7.1988; Bull. 6-1988, point 2.3.15 Commission proposal: OJ C 284, 12.10.1994;' ment. COM(94) 240; Bull. 718-1994, point 1.2.138 Reference: Council Decision 86/304/EEC on the Opinion of the Court of Auditors: OJ C 383, signing of the Wheat Trade Convention, 1986, 31.12.1994; Btll. 12-1994, point 1.7.26 and the Food Aid Convention, 1986, constituting Own-initiative opinion of the Committee of the the International Wheat Agreement, 1986, and Regions: Btll. ll2-1995, point 1.3.138 the deposit of a declaration of provisional appli- Parliament opinion: OJ C 89, 10.4.1995; Bull. cation of these Conventions: OJ L 195, 3-1995, point 1.3.125 l'1 .7.1986; Bull. 6-1986, point 2.2.46 Amended proposal adopted by the Commission Proposal for a Council Decision concerning the on 2 May, incorporating Parliament's changes. approval by the European Union of the Cereals OJ C 150, l'7.6.1995: COM(95) 16l Trade Convention and the Food Aid Conven- tion, constituting the International Cereals Adopted on 22 May. Rationalizes the clearance Agreement of 1995 adopted by the Commission of accounts by splitting it into two separate pro- on 18 May. The 1986 International Wheat cedures: a purely accounting clearance with a Agreement, consisting of the Wheat Trade Con- short deadline and an audit of compliance of vention and the Food Aid Convention, expiring Member States' expenditure with the Commu- on 30 June 1995, is to be replaced by an Interna- nity rules, involving a conciliation procedure if tional Cereals Agreement. necessary. oI L 125.8.6.1995 The new Agreement extends the wheat convention to all cereals, provides for the periodic Regulation 1.3.11 1. Proposal for a Council of the basis for calculat- Regulation of adjustment and revision amending the Financial ing votes and for setting budget contributions, 1977 applicable to the general 2l December taking account of the structure of trade in cere- the European Communities. budget of als, and updates the rules of procedure. Commission proposal: OJ C 3'l'7, 31.12.1994; coM(gs) 183 COM(94) 240; Bull.718-1994, point 1.2.138 Opinion of the Court of Auditors: OJ C 383, 31.12.1994; Bull. l2-1994, point 1.1 .26 Own-initiative opinion of the Committee of the Regions: Bull. l/2-1995, point 1.3.138 Parliament opinion: OJ C 89, 10.4.1995; Bull. 3-1995. point 1.3.125 Fisheries Amended proposal adopted by the Commission on 2 May, incorporating Parliament's changes. OJ C ls0, 17.6.1995; CoM(95) 16l Orientation of common fisheries policy 1.3.112. Proposal for a Council Regulation on measures to be taken in dealing with certain 1.3.114. Proposal for a Council Decision con- beneficiaries of operations financed by the cerning the objectives and detailed rules for res- EAGCF Guidance Section. tructuring the fisheries sector in Sweden and Commission proposal: OJ C l5l, 2.6.1994; Finland over the period I January 1995 to COM(94) 122: Bull. 4-1994, point 1.2.124 31 December 1996 with a view to achieving a Economic and Social Committee opinion: OJ C lasting balance between resources and their Bull. 9-1994, point 1.2.143 393, 31.12.1994; exploitation. Parliament opinion: OJ C 56, 6.3.1995; Bull' ll2-1995, point 1.3. 137 Reference: Council Decision 94ll5lBc relating to the objectives and detailed rules for restructur- Amended proposal adopted by the Commission ing the Community fisheries sector over the pe- on 24 May, incorporating Parliament's changes. riod I January 1995 to 3l December 1996 with a coM(95) 194 view to achieving a lasting balance between re-

Bull. EU 5-1995 43 Fisheries

sources and their exploitation: OJ L 10, munity and Senegal on fishing off the coasr of 14.1.1994; Bull. l2-1993, point 1.2.232 Senegal for the period 2 October 1994 to Octo- Adopted by the Commission on 23 May. Would ber 1996. apply the general regime to contain fishing Commission proposal on conclusion of the effort in the framework of the multiannual guid- Protocol: COM(94) 514; Bull. tl-t994, point ance programmes established by Decision 1.2.t72 94ll5lBc to the Swedish and Finnish fleets, sub- Endorsed by Parliament on 19 Ma-v subject to ject to the requisite adjustments. amendments whereby the allocation of aid to coM(gs) 198 non-industrial fishing would be specified; notification and consultation of Parliament on implementation of the Protocol would be Conservation and management of improved and expenditure on the Protocol resources would be regarded as non-expenditure. oJ c t5l. 19.6.1995 Internal aspects North-West Atlantic Fisheries Organization Technical measures (NAFO) Reference: Council Regulation (EEC) 1.3.118. Commission communication on fish- No 3094/86 laying down cerrain technical mea- eries in the NAFO Regulatory Area. sures for the conservation of fishery resources Reference: draft Agreement between the Com- (OJ L 288, I 1.10.1986), as lasr amended by Reg- munity and Canada on fisheries in the context of ulation (EC) No 1796194: OJ 187, 22.'1 .1994; L the NAFO Convention: Bull.4-1995, point Bull. 7/8-1994, point 1.2.153 | .3.121 1.3.115. Council Regulation (EC) No ll73l95 Adopted by the Contmission on 5 May. Informs amending for the l6th time Regulation (EEC) the Member States and masters of Community No 3094/86. fishing vessels of the provisions of the EC- Commission proposal: OJ C 348, 9.12.1994; Canada Agreement on fisheries in the NAFO COM(94) 481; Bull. ll-1994, point 1.2.164 Regulatory Area which are directly applicable to Parliament opinion: OJ C 56, 6.3.1995; Bull. them without the need for amendments to Com- I 12-1995, point 1.3. 145 munity legislation. Adopted on 22 May. This Regulation prohibirs oJC l18. 13.5.t995 the use of vessels with an engine power exceed- 1.3.119. Proposal for a Council Regulation ing 221 kW in the flatfish protection zone. amending Regulation (EEC) No 3928/92 estab- oJ L l18, 25.5.1995 lishing a NAFO pilot observer scheme applica- 1.3.116. Proposal for a Regulation amending ble to Community vessels operating in the Reg- for the l8th time Regulation (EEC) No 3094/86. ulatory Area of the North-West Atlantic Fisheries Organization. Adopted by the Commission on 30 May. Would Commission proposal: OJ C 128, 24.5.1995; ban the use of driftnets for catching tuna in cer- COM(94) 630; Bull. 12-1994, point t.2.t9t tain waters under the sovereignty or jurisdiction Economic and Social Committee opinion: OJ C of Spain or Portugal and the use of purse seines 133, 31.5.1995; Bull. 3-1995. point 1.3.140 for catching tropical tuna in certain waters under Endorsed by Parliament on 19 Ma.v the sovereignty or jurisdiction of Portugal. subject to amendments concerning improving notification coM(95) 212 of Parliament and the Council on implementation of the pilot observer scheme. External aspects oJ c t5l, 19.6.t995

Senegal International Baltic Sea Fishery Commission I .3.1 17. Draft Protocol establishing the fishing 1.3.120. Proposal for a Council Regulation possibilities and financial compensation pro- amending for rhe fifth rime Regulation (EEC) vided for in the Agreement between the Com- No 1866/86 laying down certain rechnical mea-

44 Bull. EU 5-1995 Employment and social policy sures for the conservation of fishery resources in the means by which it can respond to all ques- the waters of the Baltic Sea, the Belts and the tions relating to that impact and advocates Sound. concentration of the research effort on certain priorities, and in particular quantitative investi- Commission proposal: OJ C 91, 12.4.1995; gation of the following topics: COM(95) 70; Bull.3-1995, point 1.3.137 D the effects of fishing on cetaceans, seals, rep- Amended proposal adopted by the Commission tiles and birds; on 30 May. The purpose of the amended proposal is to correct a number of typographical errors D the direct and indirect effects of industrial found in the initial proposal. fishing on birds and top-level predator fish spe- coM(gs) 2ll cies; tr the direct and indirect effects of fishing on Endorsed by the Economic and Social Commit- benthic communities. tee on 3l May. The Committee stressed, howev- coM(gs) 40 er, that the European Union should have more votes in the International Baltic Sea Fishery Commission.

Employment and social Market organization policy 1.3.121. Proposal for a Council Regulation establishing a system of compensation for the additional costs incurred in the marketing of cer- General tain fishery products from the Azores, Madeira, the Canary Islands and the French department of 1.3.123. Fourth Commission report on the Guiana as a result of their very remote location. Community Charter of the Fundamental Social Rights of Workers and on the Protocol on social Commission proposal: OJ C 343, 6.12.1994; policy annexed to the EC Treaty. COM(94) 473; Bull. ll-1994, point 1.2.178 Economic and Social Committee opinion: OJ C References: 1O2, 24.4.1995; Bull. I 12-1995, point 1.3.1 52 Commission communication conceming its Parliament opinion: OJ C 109, 1.5.1995; Bull. action programme for the implementation of the 4-1995. point 1.3.125 Community Charter of the Fundamental Social Rights of Workers: COM(89) 568; Bull. Amended proposal adopted by the Commission 11-1989, point 2.1.80 on 15 May. Commission communication concerning the OJ C 163, 29.6.1995; COM(95) 178 application of the Agreement on social policy: COM(93) 600r Bull. 12-1993, point 1.2.163 Commission White Paper on European social policy: a way forward for the Union: COM(94) Fisheries and environment 333; Bull. 718-1994, point 1.2.163 Previous report: COM(93) 668; Bull. 12-1993, 1.3.122. Commission communication on eval- point 1.2.164 uation of the biological impact of fisheries. Adopted by the Commission on 24 May. The Adopted on 5 May. This communication sum- report takes stock of the implementation, in marizes the report by the expert group of marine 1994, of the Community Charter of the Funda- ecologists and fishery biologists set up by the mental Social Rights of Workers and of the Pro- Commission at the request of the Council to tocol on social policy. In a third section, the define ways and means to improve scientific Commission addresses questions relating to the data on the impact of fisheries on the marine en- future ofEuropean social policy, focusing on the vironment. The Commission, by way of a con- key strategic elements developed in the White clusion, stresses how much work needs to be Paper on European social policy. done to provide the scientific community with coM(gs) 184

Bull. EU 5-1995 45 Equal opportunities

Social security men and women: equal sharing and participation - the European Community's priorities for the 1.3.124. Proposal for a Council Directive fourth UN World Conference on Women (Beij- amending Directive 86l378lEEC on the imple- ing, September 1995). mentation of the principle of equal treatment for Adopted by the Commission on 29 May. The men and women in occupational social security Commission's communication sets out the broad schemes (+ point 1.3.125). lines of a position to be adopted and defended by the European Union at the fourth UN World Conference on Women to be held in Beijing in September 1995. The ultimate objective is a new partnership between men and women, entailing equal sharing of power and responsibility in the Equal opportunities public and private domains. To achieve this partnership, the Commission advances a number 1.3.125. Proposal for a Council Directive of approaches: amending Directive 86l378lEEC on the implementation of the principle of equal treatment for tr ensure respect for human rights, more parti- men and women in occupational social security cularly by way of eliminating all forms of dis- schemes. crimination against women and strengthening legislation concerning violence, sexual harass- Reference: Court of Justice judgment of l7 May ment and the sexual exploitation of women; 1990 in Case C-262188, Barber v Guardian Rov- tr regard women as 'dynamic al Exchange Assurance Group'. OJ L 146, 15. actors' in terms of 6.1990; Bull. 5-1990, point 1.7.40 development, with a gender perspective being Directive to be amended: Directive 8613781 integrated into all policies and programmes to EEC: OJ L 225, 12.8.1986, as amended by the ensure that they do not discriminate against Agreement establishing the European Economic women; Area: OJ L l, 3.1.1994: Bull. ll2-1994, point tr involve women in decision-making pub- 1.3.27 in all lic and private bodies, underlining women's role Adopted by the Commission on 16 May. For rea- in the consolidation of democracy, with special sons of legal certainty, the proposal seeks to reference to the development of civil society, of bring Directive 86/378|EEC inro line with Arti- which women form an integral part; cle I 19 of the EC Treaty as interprered by the tr recognize the role of women in the economy, Court of Justice in the Barber judgment of even where their work is unpaid; 17 May 1990 subsequent judgments. and The I step up measures to combat poverty and judgments thrust of these is that all forms of exclusion by involving women in the design of occupational pension, and hence all forms of programmes. benefit deriving from employees' social security coM(gs) 22t schemes, constitute an element of pay within the meaning of Article I 19 of the EC Treaty, which provides for equal pay for men and women. Consequently, certain provisions of Directive 86l378tEEC, relating to implementation of the principle of equal treatment for men and women Solidarity in occupational social security schemes, which authorize derogations from this principle (more particularly concerning the age of retirement and Measures survivors' benefits), have now become invalid to help older people as far as employed persons are concerned. 1.3.127. Proposal for a Council Decision on coM(95) 186 Community support for actions in favour of 1.3.126. Commission communication to the older people. Council, the Parliament and the Economic and Commission proposal: COM(95) 53; Bull. Social Committee on a new partnership between 3-1995, point 1.3.149

46 Bull. EU 5-1995 Public health

Endorsed by the Economic and Social Commit' the unusual weather conditions (drought and tee on 3l May. The Committee called for the frost) in certain areas of Portugal and for a drafting of a Community Charter of the funda- system of crop insurance to be created at Union mental rights of older people encompassing the level. training and retraining of older workers, the par- oJ c l5t. 19.6.1995 ticipation of older people in society, care and an environment suited to older people, and the special needs of certain older people.

Measures to help disaster victims Public health

Greece General 1.3.128. Parliament resolution on damage to crops in the department of Elide caused by hail' Commission report on the integration windstorms and frost. 1.3.132. of health protection requirements in Community Adopted on 18 May. Parliament called on the policies. European Investment Bank Commission and the Reference: Commission communication on the to grant exceptional financial aid to the farmers framework for action in the field of public health: involved. COM(93) 559; Bull. ll-1993, point l.2.l9l oJ c 15l, 19.6.1995 Adopted by the Commission on 29 May. This is 1.3.129. Parliament resolution on the disas- the first annual report drawn up by virtue of the trous earthquake in western Macedonia in third subparagraph of Article 129 of the EC Greece. Treaty, which states that health protection requirements must form a constituent part of the called on the Adopted on 18 May. Parliament Community's other policies. It also has to be Commission to provide emergency aid for the viewed in the context of the framework for to repair the disaster victims, to take measures action in the field of public health adopted possibilities of damage, and to examine the by the Commission in November 1993. In its the restora- using the Structural Fund to finance associated communication, the Commission tion of economic life in the region. describes the health-related aspects of the oJ c l5l, 19.6.1995 various Community policies and stresses that the Community already tackles the issue of health 1.3.130. Commission decision to grant emer- protection in different contexts. gency aid to victims of the earthquake in west- coM(gs) 196 ern Macedonia in Greece.

Adopted on 23 May. The Commission decided to grant a total in aid of ECU I million to meet the most immediate requirements of those worst AIDS affected by the earthquake in western Macedo- nia in Greece. 1.3.133. Proposal for a Parliament and Council Decision adopting a programme of Community action on the prevention of AIDS and certain Portugal other communicable diseases within the framework for action in the field of public health. 1.3.131. Parliament resolution on the disas- trous situation and frost damage in certain areas Commission proposal: OJ C 333' 29.11.1994; of Portugal. COM(94) 413; Bull. lO-1994, point 1.2.117; Bull. I l-1994, Point 1.2.213 Adopted on 18 May. Parliament called for emer- Economic and Social Committee opinion: OJ C gency aid to be provided for farmers affected by 133, 31.5.1995; Bull. 3-1995, point 1.3.154

Bull. EU 5-1995 47 Consumer policy

Committee of the. Regions opinion: Bull. tion on home and leisure accidents to take 4-1995, point 1.3.130 account of the accession of the three new Mem- Parliament opinion (first reading): OJ C 126, ber States. The Community funds for imple- 22.5.1995; Bull. 4- 1995, point 1.3.130 mentation of the system were increased to ECU Amended proposal adopted by tlte Commission 2.8 million a year for the period 1995-97. The on 30 May. total number of hospitals taking part in the information coM(gs) 209 system was fixed at 65, including four Austrian, three Finnish and four Swedish ones. oJ L 120.31.5.t995

Protection of consumers' economic Consumer policy and legal interests

1.3.136. Report on the operation of Directive Consumer information and education STllOzlEEC for the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States 1 .3.1 34. Proposal for a Parliament and Council concerning consumer credit. Directive amending Council Directive 791581/ Reference: Council Directive 87/\O2|EEC: OJ L EEC on consumer protection in the indication of 42, 12.2.t987 the prices of foodstuffs as amended by Council Directive 88/3 lslEEC and Council Directive Adopted by the Commission on I I Ma1,. The 88/3l4lEEC on consumer protection in the indi- report takes stock of the application of the cation of the prices of non-food products. Directive five years after its entry into force, with the Commission highlighting certain prob- Commission proposal: OJ C 377, 31.12.1994: lems in the way the consumer credit market op- COM(94) 43 I Bull I I -1994, point ; 1.2.222; Bu]J.. erates 12-1994, point 1.2.239 and analysing potential solutions. The Economic and Social Committee opinion: Bull. Commission advocates certain changes with a 4-1995, point l.3.l3l view to adapting the Directive to advances in the credit market and placing it at the level of the Endorsed by Parliament (first reading) on average of the Member States. l9 May, subject to amendments concerned coM(gs) 1r7 essentially with cutting the extended transitional period from four to two years. oJ c 151. 19.6.1995

Protection of consumers' health and Culture safety

1.3.135. Council Decision 95/l}4tEC amend- 1995 Kaleidoscope programme ing Decision 94/3O92/EC introducing a Commu- nity system of information on home and leisure accidents (Ehlass). I .3.1 37. Support for European cultural cooperation projects Kaleidoscope programme. Decision amended: Council Decision g4l - 3O92/EC: OJ L 33 I , 2l .12.1994 Bult. I 2- 1994, CaIl for applications: Ol C 227, 1j.8.1994: point 1.2.240 Bull. 9- 1994, point I .2.194 Commission proposal: COM(95) 5; Bull. ll2-1995, point 1.3. 168 Projects to receive Communi4- financial aid in 1995 selected by the Commission.The Kaleido- Adopted by the Cowtcil on 22 May. The Deci- scope programme was set up in 1990 to increase sion adapts the Community system of informa- public awareness of the culture and history of

48 Bull. EU 5-1995 Information, communication and audiovisual media

Europe and to promote artistic and cultural New Jean Monnet 'chairs' created. As part of cooperation. This is one of the ways in which the Jean Monnet Project 1995, the Commission the Commission hopes to 'contribute to the flo- has decided to grant support to 227 new initia- wering of the cultures of the Member States, tives aimed at introducing new university while respecting their national and regional courses on European integration from the start diversity and at the same time bringing the com- of the 1995/96 academic year. These initiatives, mon cultural heritage to the fore' (Article 128 costing a total of ECU I 228 million, will lead EC). The programme supports three types of to the setting-up of 56 new Jean Monnet action: 'chairs', 64 new permanent study courses, tr cultural events with a European dimension 7l European modules, 18 research grants and involving partners from at least three Member 18 complementary initiatives linked to the States in the planning and participation; chairs. This operation, which is designed to encourage teaching on European integration in tr encouragement for artistic and cultural creation through projects supporting the mobility all disciplines in which Community developments constitute growing proportion the and further training of creative and performing a of the number of initiatives sup- artists and others active in the cultural field; curriculum, brings ported by the Commission since 1990 to I 113, tr cooperation through networks supporting including 246 Jear' Monnet 'chairs' transnational cooperation between cultural bodies actively involved on an equal footing. From the I 159 proposals received following a call for applications, 132 projects have been selected to receive Community aid totalling around ECU 3.141 million. Audiovisual policy The breakdown is as follows: cultural events: 85; artistic and cultural creation: 23; cooperation through networks: 24. Television without frontiers Projects from the new Member States will be selected at a later date, as the deadline for applica- 1.3.139. Proposal for a Parliament and Council tions was extended to I March 1995. Directive amending Council Directive 8915521 EEC on the coordination of certain provisions laid down by law, regulation or administrative Information, communication action in Member States conceming the pursuit and audiovisual media of television broadcasting activities. Commission approval: Bull. 3-1995, point Information and communication 1.3.158 1.3.138. Jean Monnet Project 1995. Adopted by the Commission on 3l May. Jean Monnet programme 1994: Bull. 4-1994, point 1.2.178 coM(gs) 86

Bull. EU 5-1995 49 4. Role of the Union in the world

Common foreign and security tional legal order and gradually to develop the 'security interest of the European Union' con- policy cept. Parliament maintained that the CFSP must help to promote the peaceful settlement of disputes, if necessary through preventive diplo- General macy measures, taking in this connection a favourable view of experience with the Pact for 1.4.1. Parliament resolution on progress in Stability in Europe. It called for a mutual assist- implementing the common foreign and security ance clause to be incorporated in the Treaty on policy (November 1993-December 1994). European Union, when the Treaty was revised, to be applied if Member States' frontiers were Reference: Parliament recommendation to the Council on the outcome of the Pact on Stability violated, urging the Council to use the instru- in Europe and action to be taken: point 1.4.3 of ments provided by the Treaty within the frame- this Bulletin work of the United Nations and the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE). Adopted on 18 May. Taking the view that pro- Parliament considered that the Council should gress in implementing the common foreign and make less use of declarations and greater use of security policy (CFSP) fell short of expectations common positions, and should be bolder in its and that the potential available under the Treaty use ofjoint actions. It called for the 1996 Inter- on European Union had not been sufficiently governmental Conference to consider the una- exploited, notwithstanding the advances made nimity rule, and to draw up accordingly a typol- by comparison with the previous European po- ogy of decisions for which either a majority litical cooperation arrangements, Parliament (qualified or double qualified) or unanimity was made a number of comments and suggestions. required. On the procedural side. it called on the Council JO C 15t, t9.6.1995 to keep it better informed and consult it more closely on the choices to be made, and hoped that an interinstitutional agreement would be concluded on the application of Article J.7 of the Common security policy Treaty concerning consultation of Parliament on CFSP- matters and on the financing of the Anti-personnel mines CFSP. It urged the- Commission to make more intensive powers use of its to present proposals 1.4.2. Council Decision 95/170/CFSP con- to the Council, pursuant to Article J.8(3). It concerning the joint action adopted on the basis of sidered that the shortcomings had which become Article J.3 of the Treaty on European Union on apparent in the operation of the CFSP were due anti-personnel mines. largely to its intergovernmental nature, the need to reach a unanimous decision before action was Council agreement: Bull. 4-1995, point 1.4.5 taken and to there being little or no common Adopted on l2 May. perception of the European Union's own interests as distinct from the Member States' individ- JO L il5. 22.5.1995 ual interests. It therefore believed that the Euro- pean Union must establish an analysis and stability Pact assessment centre to evaluate risks and threats which could affect the interests and values of the 1.4.3. Parliament recommendation to the Union and urged the Council to pursue a foreign Council on the outcome of the Pact for Stability policy aimed at establishing a stable interna- in Europe and action to be taken.

50 Bull. EU 5-1995 Common foreign and security policy

Reference: Final Conference on the Pact for Sta- Presidency statement on behalf of the Euro- bility in Europe: Bull. 3-1995, points 1.4.4 and pean Union on the indefinite extension of the 2.2.1 Treaty on the non-proliferation of nuclear weapons: point 1.4.14 of this Bulletin Adopted on 19 May. Recognizing that the Stabil- ity Pact process had created a momentum en- Meeting held in New York from 17 April to abling a positive dialogue to develop, Parlia- l2 May. The Conference was held in accordance ment took a generally positive view of this with Article X.2 of the Non-Proliferation Treaty. exercise in preventive diplomacy, welcomed the The NPT entered into force in l91O and the rele- role played by the Commission and urged the vant provision stipulated that a conference was Council to exert its influence to bring about the to be held after 25 years in order to decide removal of the last differences standing in the whether the Treaty should continue in force in- way of full achievement of the Pact's objectives. definitely or be extended for an additional fixed It further recommended that the Council: mon- period or periods. The Commission was present itor implementation of the Pact and make use to as an observer at the Conference, at the end of that end of the political dialogue provided for which the participants decided to extend the both in the existing Europe Agreements and in NPT for an unlimited period. partnership and cooperation Agreements, as part of the structured dialogue arrangements established with the countries of Central and Eastern Europe; work within the OSCE to ensure the Presidency statements on behalf of the continuation of the regional round tables; con- European Union tinue the monitoring of the Stability Pact within the Council of Europe; consider extending the Angola Stability Pact method to regions vital for the security and stability of Europe, such as the Bal- 1.4.5. The following presidency statement on kans and the Caucasus; and, lastly, see whether behalf of the European Union was published in this method, as a European Union joint action, Brussels and Paris on 10 May: could also be applied in the Mediterranean. 'The European Union welcomes the fact that the long- JO C l5l, 19.6.1995 awaited meeting between President Dos Santos and Mr Savimbi finally took place smoothly in Lusaka on N on - P ro life ration Tre aty 6 May 1995. It pays tribute to all who worked for the holding of that meeting. 1.4.4. Conference on the Treaty on the non- proliferation of nuclear weapons. It considers that this meeting represents an important making possible the swift deployment of References: development forces and contingents; it hopes that Council Decision 94I509/CFSP concerning the the Unavem III the prevailing at those talks will impart fresh joint action adopted on the basis of Article J.3 of climate of the peace agreements on the Treaty on European Union regarding prep- impetus to the application the ground and will serve to strengthen in practice the aration for the 1995 Conference of States party to process reconciliation in Angola.' the Treaty on the non-proliferation of nuclear essential of national weapons: OJ L 205, 8.8.1994; Bull. 7/8-1994, point 1.3.4 Bosnia-HerzeBovina Parliament resolution on the Conference on the (NPT) extension of the Non-Proliferation Treaty 1.4.6. The following European Union state- in New York (17 April to l2May 1995): OJ C ment on the situation in Bosnia-Herzegovina lO9, 1.5.1995; Bull. 4-1995, point 1.4.6 29 Council conclusions on nuclear non-prolifer- was adopted at the Council meeting on May ation and preparation for the Conference on the and published in Brussels and Paris: NPT: Bull. 4-1995, point 1.4.7 'The European Union expresses its very grave con- Commission communication to the Council cern at the worsening of the situation in Bosnia- and Parliament on a Memorandum on the activ- Herzegovina and profoundly regrets its victims. ities of the European Atomic Energy Community relevant to the objectives of Articles III and IV of It voices its indignation at the deliberate shelling of the NPT drafted for the 1995 Review and Exten- the civilian population and at the odious hostage- sion Conference: COM(95) 127; Btrll. 4-1995, taking of United Nations soldiers and observers. The point 1.4.8 European Union firmly condemns the attitude of the

Bull. EU 5-1995 51 Common foreign and security policy

Bosnian Serbs and wams them of the consequences opening of negotiations for a trade and cooperation they might face. Agreement with Croatia, but that the Council reserves the nght to take account at any time, up to and includ- The European Union expresses its full support for ing the conclusion of the Agreement, of the attitude of Unprofor. It calls fbr the Bosnian Serbs to cease the Croatia in the implementation of the United Nations shelling and for the immediate and unconditional resolutions and the peace process. release of the United Nations soldiers and observers detained and threatened by them. It holds the Bosnian The Union will draw the necessary conclusions from Serb leaders responsible for the fate of the hostages. It the attitude of the Croatian Govemment. will provide its support for the reinforcement measures which are essential for Unprofor to be able to The Union condemns the reprisals by Serbian forces recover its freedom of movement, to ensure its against certain urban areas of Croatia, including improved security and effectively to fulfil its task, no- Zagreb, and the taking of United Nations personnel as tably the protection of the safe areas. hostages. The European Union reiterates the importance it It calls for an immediate cessation of these bombard- attaches to the conclusion of an overall settlement to ments and for the release of the United Nations per- the conflict in the former Yugoslavia. guaranteeing sonnel. the sovereignty and territorial integrity of all the reiterates commitment promoting States within their intemationally recognized frontiers It its to a solution preserves and respect for human rights. which Croatian sovereignty throughout its territory in the context of internationally recognized To this end, and as a first stage, the European Union borders, while taking account of the rights of minor- supports the diplomatic efforts under way to bring i ties.' about the mutual recognition of Bosnia-Herzegovina and the FRY (Serbia-Montenegro).' 1.4.8. The following presidency statement on behalf of the European Union concerning the sit- Croatia uation in Croatia was published in Brussels and Paris on 6 May: References: Councrl conclusions on the former Yogoslavia: 'The European Union is concerned that considerable Bull. 4-1995, point 1.4.73 [enslons persist in Croatia despite the conclusion of a Proposed economic and trade cooperation cease-fire agreement on 3 May. agreement with Croatia, including provisions on calls on the parties show greatest ECSC products: Bull. 4-1995, point 1.4.75 It to the restraint and to do everything possible to avoid the risks of further 1.4.7. The following presidency statement on escalation which would yet again involve suffering for behalf of the European Union was published in the civilian population. Brussels and Paris on 4 May: It reiterates its support for the efforts of UNCRO and 'The European Union expresses its deep concern at the European monitoring mission to promote imple- the resumption of hostilities in Croatia, and in partic- mentation and observance of the cease-fire and the re- ular action against civilian populations anywhere. establishment of normal life in the western sector. It calls on the parties to cease all military operations The European Union calls on the parties to engage in immediately and to seek forthwrth ways and means of peace negotiations without delay under the aegis of de-escalating the situation. the Conference on the former Yugoslavia.' In this connection the Unron lends its unreserved support to the efforts of the special representative of the Niger United Nations Secretary-General. The European Union deplores the initiative taken by 1.4.9. The following presidency statement on the Croatian authorities. in violation of the cease-fire behalf of the European Union concerning the agreement of 29 March 1994, to launch a large-scale signing of a peace agreement between the Niger operation in Western Slovenia, thereby compromising government and the Tuareg rebels was pub- the efforts currently being made under the auspices of lished in Brussels and Paris on l0 May: the international community to promote a peaceful solution in Krajina, at the very time when the new Reference: Presidency press statement: Bull. United Nations force is being deployed to restore con- lO-1994, point 1.3.14 fidence in Croatia. 'The European Union welcomes the signing of the It points out that the terms of the decision of the Gen- peace agreement between the Government of the Re- eral Affairs Council of l0April 1995 authorize the public of Niger and the Armed Resistance Organiza-

52 Bull. EU 5-1995 Common foreign and security policy

tion (ORA). It is heartened by this decisive step Reference: Presidency statement: Bull. I 12-1995, towards national reconciliation, which offers hope to point 1.4.17 the population of Niger and the region as a whole, urges the signatories to do their utmost to consolidate 'The European Union welcomes the release of the the peace and will in future direct its cooperation with l0 European hostages abducted in Sierra Leone and pays Niger towards attainment of that objective.' tribute to all those who played a role in securing their release. Middle East peace process The European Union notes that the continuation of the conflict has led to the death, displacement or disap- 1.4.10. The following presidency statement on pearance of many innocent Sierra Leoneans and calls behalf of the European Union concerning the on all parties to seek an end to the hostilities and to expropriation of land in East Jerusalem was pub- work towards national reconciliation. It welcomes the lished in Brussels and Paris on l5 May: statement made by the Sierra Leonean Government proposing a cease-fire and unconditional peace talks Reference: Peace agreement between Israel and and announcing the lifting of the ban on political ac- the PLO: Bull. 9-1993, point 1.3.19 tivity. It counts on all Sierra Leoneans to participate 'The European Union recalls the commitment of wholeheartedly in the peace process. Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization to re- The European Union strongly supports the efforts spect the Declaration Principles 13 September of of made by the United Nations Secretary-General and his I 993 and to pursue negotiations. special representative to promote peace in Sierra The European Union expresses its deep anxiety at the Leone. It also welcomes the active commitment of the decision of the Israeli authorities to authorize the Commonwealth Secretary-General, the Chairman of expropriation of 53 hectares of land in East Jerusalem the Economic Community of West African States and which would be used for the construction of new other States in the region.' housing for the benefit of the settlements of Ramot and Gilo. Sri lnnka The European Union believes that this measure, contrary to the spirit of the Declaration of Principles and 1.4.13. The following presidency statement on the maintenance of the status quo in the city of Jerusa- behalf of the European Union was published in put peace process lem, could the at risk. Brussels and Paris on 29Mayi Believing that a total halt to work linked to the settle- Reference: Presidency statement: 4-1995, ments is indispensable to progress in the peace proc- Bull. point 1.4.13 ess, the European Union calls on the Israeli authorities to renounce their intention of authorizing the expro- 'The European Union resolutely condemns the attack priation of these 53 hectares of land in East Jerusa- 'lem.' carried out on 26 May against a Singhalese village and camp by the LTTE killing 42 people among the civilian population, of whom 24 were men, 12 women Russian Federation and six children. This was the first deliberate LTTE attack on a village of civilians since October 1992. I .4.1 I . The following presidency statement on The European Union also condemns with the utmost the earthquake in Sakhalin was published in firmness the assassination of a Buddhist monk the Brussels and Paris on 29 May: same day. 'The European Union was deeply shocked to learn of The European Union urgently asks the LTTE to enter the catastrophe which has struck the people of Sak- into political negotiations with the Sri Lankan author- halin with such severity. ities as quickly as possible.' It offers its deepest sympathy to the Russian authorities and to the families of the victims. Non- P rolifu ration Treaty The European Union is ready to assist the Russian authorities, in these painful circumstances, to overcome 1.4.14. The following presidency statement on this crisis.' behalf of the European Union concerning the indefinite extension of the Treaty on the non- Sierra Leone proliferation of nuclear weapons was published 1.4.12. The following presidency statement on in Brussels and Paris on l5 May: behalf of the European Union was published in Reference: Conference on the NFrI: point 1.4.4 Brussels and Paris on l8 May: of this Bulletin

Bull. EU 5-1995 53 International organizations and conferences

'The European Union welcomes the decision adopted creating more favourable conditions for the bringing on I I May 1995 in New York to extend indefinitely about of the desired rapprochement between the Euro- the Treaty on the non-proliferation of nuclear weap- pean Union and Turkey, with a view in panicular to ons. the implementation of the agreement on customs union.' This outcome is all the more satisfying in that it was achieved by consensus. It is the consequence of the active particlpation of all the Treaty's Member States and their willingness to take account of the constraints and aspirations of each one to arrive at compromise solutions. Since July 1994, the European Union has worked res- International or gantzations olutely towards such an objective through a joint action. In the Review and Extension Conference it has and conferences made its contribution to this joint achrevement. The European Union applauds this decision, which strengthens the international norm of non-proliferation World Trade Organization and from now on constitutes one of the bases of international security in the next century. The two decisions taken concerning the process for reviewing the 1.4.16. Proposal for a code of conduct for the Treaty and the principles and ob.lectives for non- Commission and the Member States in the proliferation and nuclear disarmament will also con- World Trade Organization (WTO). tribute to better implementation of the Treaty. Reference: Opinion l/94 of the Court of Justice In helping to strengthen trust between States, the deci- on the powers of the European Community to guarantee sion to extend the NPT is the of achieve- conclude the agreements resulting from the Uru- ment of the Treaty's three essential objectives: com- guay Round: Bull. l2-1994. point 1.7.23 bating the proliferation of nuclear weapons, access to the peaceful use of atomic energy and continuation of Adopted by the Commission on 16 May. The the disarmament process. proposed code of conduct sets out the arrange- The six Central and East European countries associ- ments for the participation of the Community ated with the European Union align themselves with and its Member States in the WTO in areas of this declaration.' shared powers with a view to defending their respective commercial policy interests as effec- Turkey tively as possible. It is based primarily on Opin- ion ll94 of the Court of Justice. and more 1.4.15. The following presidency statement on specifically on the legal obligation for the Com- behalf of the European Union concerning the munity to present a united front on the interna- withdrawal of Turkish troops from northern Iraq tional stage. was published in Brussels and Paris on 9 May: 1.4.17. Proposal for a Council Regulation lay- References: ing down the rates of duty to be applied to news- EC-Turkey Association Councrl: Bull. 3-1995, print in rolls or sheets following the accession point 1.4.65 of Visit to Turkey by the troika: Bull. 3-1995, Austria. Finland and Sweden. point 1.4.66 References: European Union statement concerning the Act of Accession of Austria. Finland and Swe- Turkish intervention in northern Iraq: Bull. den: OJ C 241, 29.8.1994: Bull. 6-1994, point 4-1995. point 1.4.17 1.3.15; OJ L I. 1.1.1995 'The European Union, which regards the stability and Council Decision authorizing the opening of territonal integrity of the States of the region as a mat- negotiations under Article XXIV.6 of the General ter of importance, has noted with satisfaction the Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT): Bull. announcement of the total withdrawal of Turkish l/2-1995. point 1.4.28 troops from northern Iraq, in accordance with the undertakings given by Turkey to the troika on 23 March. Adrtpted b), the Commission on l0 May. The It hopes that Ankara will deal similarly with the other purpose of the Regulation is to accelerate, under concerns voiced by the European Union rn recent Article XXIV.6 of the GATT, the implementa- months concerning democracy and human rights, thus tion of the phased reduction negotiated in the

54 Bull. EU 5-1995 International organizations and conferences

Uruguay Round of duties on newsprint to com- European Bank for Reconstruction pensate Canada for the increase in certain rates and Development of duty owing to the accession of the new Mem- ber States. coM(95)r69 Financing

Estonia

Organization for Economic AS Hansapank interim assistance facility Cooperation and Development - 1.4.20. The Bank granted AS Hansapank, a commercial bank incorporated as a limited com- 1.4.18. Annual ministerial meeting. pany in Estonia, an interim assistance facility of ECU 3.8 million. This facility, which is to be Previous meeting: Bull. 6-1993, point 1.3.72 financed from the Bank's ordinary capital, will Hansapank expand its commercial, Meeting held in Paris on 23 and 24 Ma1t. The help AS and treasury operations for private- meeting was chaired by Spain; the Commission financial sector customers in Estonia. was represented by Sir Leon Brittan and Mr de Silguy. The main economic issues discussed were unemployment, particularly among young Russian Federation people, the unskilled and the long-term unem- ployed. The ministers cited studies setting out a lttwer Volga regional risk capital fund strategy for each country rooted in the reduction of non-wage costs, improvements to the working 1.4.21. The Bank granted the Lower Volga of the labour-market and the removal of obsta- regional risk capital fund, an unincorporated cles and structural inflexibility. On the issue of venture capital fund, a facility equivalent to the multilateral trade system, the ministers reaf- ECU 22.5 million from the Bank's own re- firmed the need to strengthen the credibility of sources for investment in Russian businesses. the newly created World Trade Organization. The proposed fund is to seek a return propor- They also decided to ensure that negotiations tional to the risk of an investment and provide were held for a multilateral agreement on inter- an inflow of fresh capital and technical cooper- national investment. In view of economic glob- ation to assist the modernization, expansion alization and the growing number of countries and/or development of the region's economy as seeking increased cooperation with the OECD, a whole. The fund will invest in medium-sized those at the meeting planned to establish a flex- businesses with good growth prospects in the ible system for cooperation and dialogue with districts of Volgograd, Saratov and Samara. Ini- the world regions. tially the Bank will be fund's sole investor, apart from an investment of USD 3 million by the 1.4.19. Council decision on the Community's fund's administrators, but there are plans for participation in negotiations at the OECD for a other Russian and foreign investors to become multilateral agreement on investment. involved at a later stage. The fund's operating costs and the pre- and post-investment assist- Reference: Council conclusions on trade and 20 million, investment: Bull. 4-1995, point 1.4.22 ance costs are estimated at USD which will be covered by US government funds Adopted on a recommendation from the Com- for technical cooperation channelled through mission on 22 May. The decision authorizes the USAID, the United States Agency for Interna- Commission to take part, in those areas for tional Development. which the Community is competent, in negotiations at the OECD for a multilateral agreement Emergency measures to clean up and control on investment. The arrangements for the partici- oil leaks pation of the Community and the Member States and the negotiating directives would be estab- 1.4.22. The Bank granted the Russian Feder- lished at a later date. ation a loan equivalent to ECU 18.8 million to

Bull. EU 5-1995 55 International organizations and conferences

help finance an emergency project to clean up 28.6 million to finance the economic develop- and control oil leaks. The project is to help the ment of the Kumtor Gold project for the private company Komineft and the Russian authorities: sector and improvements to the grid in Kyrgyz- stan's Issyk tr stabilize the oil slick in the area of the spill Kul region, while helping the borrower put its operations before the spring thaw in order to reduce the on a business footing. The Bank also performing amount of oil escaping with the meltwater and is a crucial role in raising loans advantageous avoid an environmental disaster in the Pechora on terms for other river basin: improvements to the borrower's network. ! continue the clean-up in an environmentally Moldova appropriate manner and reduce damage to the Project areas and people concerned as much as the lim- to increase energ! fficiency, ited time available and the difficult conditions 1.4.26. The Bank granted SA Termocom, the on the site permit; Chisinau district heating company, a loan of tr replace key sections of the seriously corroded ECU 18.2 million, which will be guaranteed by and dangerous oil pipeline between Kharyaga the Moldovan government. This project is Mol- and Usinsk and, in the short term, help restore it dova's first attempt to remedy the problem of to operational safety and, in the longer term, inefficient energy use. It will lead to a reduction assess the need for an investment project to in the heat lost in transfer in the district heating replace the pipeline; system and so help reduce Moldova's overall fuel consumption and the harmful environmental I identify and implement other measures aimed effects of obsolete heating installations. The pro- at reducing oil leaks in the future. which calls ject will not increase local heat production for the reinfbrcement of Komineft's ability to capacities. It will help adjust energy prices so handle emergencies and its management and that they increasingly come to reflect costs, commercial practices through the enforcement including that of fuel imports, and bring finan- of the commercial conditions attached to the cial discipline to billing, without losing sight of Bank's loan. the consumers' means. The loan will enable SA Termocom to launch reforms and put its oper- Rns sia Life Inve stntents/Princ ipol AOOT ations on a business footing, bringing them more 1.4.23. The Bank invested the equivalent of into line with free market conditions and making ECU l.l3 million in Russia Life Investments district heating systems economically viable. Ltd, an investment company incorporated in the The project will have a beneficial effect on the United Kingdom specially ro invest in Principal country's balance of payments in that it reduces AOOT. a company registered in the Russian the bill for fuel imports by ECU 2 million in Federation. This investment will enable Princi- 1996 and ECU 3 million in 2000. It will also pal AOOT to operate in Russia's life insurance considerably improve the quality and reliability sector. of district heating, thereby improving quality of life for the people. Kazakhstan Romania JV household electrical appliances Leventis Timisoara bottling plant 1.4.24. The Bank granted Kramds-Simtel In- 1.4.27. The Bank granted the Compania de dustry, a company based in Kazakhstan, a loan Imbuteliat Coca-Cola Timis SA, a Romanian equivalent ro ECU 10.5 million to help ir build limited company owned by Molino Holdings and operate two factories producing electric SA, a member of the Leventis group, a loan motors, vacuum cleaners, refrigerators and equivalent to ECU 7 million for the construction washing machines in Almaty. and fitting-out of a bottling plant for soft drinks and juices in Timisoara. Kyrgyzstan Slovenia Project to improve the grid Speciul rest ructuring project 1.4.25. The Bank granted Kyrgyzstan's State 1.4.28. The Bank invested the equivalent of electricity holding company a loan of ECU ECU 34 million in Slovenia's special restructur-

56 Bull. EU 5-1995 Common commercial policy ing programme. This is the second in a series of imports from countries not members of the special restructuring programmes set up by the European Community and Regulation (EC) Bank in its countries of operation. The invest- No 3284194 on protection against subsidized ment will be used to stabilize, restructure and imports from countries not members of the pivatize about 15 medium-sized enterprises in European Community. Slovenia. Regulations amended: Council Regulations (EC) No 3283194 and No 3284/94'. OJ L 349, Ukraine 31.12.1994; Bull. 12-1994, point 1.3.99 Commission proposals: COM(95) 63 and 6l; Integrated services to agriculture and Bull. 3-1995, point 1.4.25 processing Adopted by the Council on 29 May to bring the 1.4.29. The Bank granted Kiev-Atlantic time limits laid down in the two Regulations for Ukraine (KAU), a Ukrainian company, a loan complaints, imposition of provisional duties and equivalent to ECU 3 million to enable it to set investigations into force on I September. up and operate a centre which will distribute oJ L 122,2.6.1995 inputs and services to farms in exchange for seeds for processing into edible oils and animal Council anti-dumping measures feedingstuffs. 1.4.33. Council Regulation (EC) No ll1ll95 amending Regulation (EC) No 3359193 impos- ing amended anti-dumping measures on imports of ferro-silicon originating in Russia, Kazakh- Common commercial policy stan, Ukraine, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Vene- zuela and Brazil. General matters Commission proposal: COM(95) 128; Bull. 4-1995, point 1.4.35 Operation of the customs union Adopted by the Council on 22 MaY- 1.4.30. Proposal for a Council Regulation lay- oJ L 118, 25.5.1995 measures following down transitional customs 1.4.34. Council Regulation (EC) No 1006/95 accession of Finland and Sweden. ing the amending Regulation (EEC) No 3433191 in so Commission proposal: COM(95) 4; Bttll. ll2- far as it imposes a definitive anti-dumping duty 1995, point 1.4.39 on imports of gas-fuelled, non-refillable pocket Amended proposal adopted by the Commission flint lighters originating in the People's Repub- on 2 May. The amendment is designed to change lic of China. the legal basis of the proposal by replacing Arti- Commission proposal: COM(95) l4l; Bull. cle 169 of the Act of Accession of Finland and 4-1995, point 1.4.36 Sweden by Article 113 of the EC Treaty and to on j MaY. extend the application period of the proposed Adopted by the Council oJ 4.5.1995 Regulation. L l0l. coM(gs) 152 1.4.35. Council Regulation (EC) No ll70l95 1.4.31. Proposal for a Council Regulation lay- amending Regulation (EC) No 2819194 impos- ing down the duties applicable to newsprint in ing a definitive anti-dumping duty on imports of rolls or sheets following the accession of Aus- potassium permanganate originating in the Peo- tria, Finland and Sweden 1+ point 1.4.17)- ple's Republic of China. Commission proposal: COM(95) 129; Bull' Commercial policy instrument s 4-1995, point 1.4.37 on 22 MaY. General Adopted by the Council oJ L l18, 25.5.199s 1.4.32. Council Regulations (EC) Nos l25ll95 and 1252195, amending respectively Regulation 1.4.36. Council Regulation (EC) No 1168/95 (EC) No 3283194 on protection against dumped amending Regulation (EEC) No 830192 impos-

Bull. EU 5-1995 57 Common commercial policy

ing a definitive anti-dumping duty on imports of Adopted by the Council on 22 May. certain polyester yarns (man-made staple fibres) oJ L 118. 25.5.1995 originating in Indonesia. 1.4.4 l. Commission Decision 95/180/EC Commission proposal: COM(95) 148; ac- Bull. cepting a modified undertaking 4-1995. point 1.4.38 offered by the Royal Thai Government in connection with the Adopted by the Council on 22 May. countervailing duty proceeding concerning oJ L 118, 25.5.1gg5 imports of ball bearings with a greatest external diameter not exceeding 30 mm originating in Thailand. Commission anti-dumping measures References: 1.4.37. Notice of initiation of anti-dumping Undertaking: OJ L 152. 16.6. 1990; Bull. proceedings concerning imports of hydraulic 6- 1990. poinr 1.4.60 excavators weighing more than six tonnes orio- Previous modifications of the undertaking: OJ inating in the Republic of Korea. L 163,6.7.1993; Bull.7t8-1993, point 1.3.95r OJ L 247, 22.9.1994; Bull. 7t8-1994, point 1.3.104 Published on l2 May. Initiation of review: OJ C 348, 9.12.1994: Bull. l2-1994, oJ c ll7. 12.5.1995 point t.3.l4l

1.4.38. Notice of expiry of anti-dumping mea- Adopted by the Commission on 2 May. sures concerning certain photo albums originat- oJ L l18. 25.5.1995 ing in the Republic of Korea and Hong Kong. References: Undertakings: OJ L 138.31.5.1990; Bull. Individual sectors 5- 1990. point 1.3.64 Notice of impending expiry: OJ C 338. Textiles 2.12.1994: Bull. 12-1994, point 1.3. t 39 1.4.42. Council Regulation (EC) Published on 20 May. No l2O9/95 amending Council Regulation (EC) No 3313194 ol c t24.20.s.r99s establishing a transitional regime applicable to 1.4.39. Commission Decision 95/l8i/EC ter- the importation into Austria, Finland and Swe- minating the anti-dumping proceeding concern- den ofcertain textile products falling under Reg- ing imports of certain watch movements orig- ulations (EEC) No 3951/92, (EEC) No 3O3O/93 inating in Malaysia and Thailand. and (EC) No 517/94. References: Regulation amended: Councrl Regulation (EC) Provisional duty: OJ L 120. ll.-5.19941 Bull. No 33 l3194: OJ L 350. 3t.12.1994, Bult. 5-1994. point 1.3.80 l2-1994. pornt 1.3.146 Extension of provisional duty: OJ 236, L Proposal adopted by the 1O.9.1994: Bull. 9-1994. pornr 1.3.45 Commission on 2 May. coM(gs) 153 Adopted bt, the Conmission on 3l Mat,. Adopted by the Counc.il on 29 May. The purpose oJ L l2t, 1.6. 1995 is to extend from 3l March 1995 to 3l May 1995 the deadline for the importation and Anti-subsidy measures release for free circulation into Austria. Finland or Sweden of products 1.4.40. Council Regulation (EC) No lt69/95 dispatched before I Janu- ary 1995 which could fall under amending Regulation (EC) No 221 l/94 impos- Regulation (EC) No 3313/94. ing a definitive countervailing duty on imports of ball bearings with a greatest external diameter oJ L t20, 31.5.1995 not exceeding 30 mm, originating in Thailand 1.4.43. Draft textiles Agreement between the but exported to the Community from another Community and Croatia. country. Reference: Draft economic and trade cooper- Commission proposal: COM(9-5) 140; Bull. ation Agreement between the Community and 4-1995. point 1.4.49 Croatia: Bull. 4-1995, point 1.4.75

58 Bull. EU 5-1995 Development policy

Recommendation for a decision adopted b1t the Commodities and world agreements Commission on 2 May. The aim is to negotiate a bilateral Agreement alongside the coop- separate Tropical timber eration Agreement, for textile products subject to quantitative quotas. 1.4.45. Meeting of the International Tropical Timber Council. Reference: Draft new International Agreement on Tropical Timber: Bull. 5-1993, point 1.3'44 Development policy Eighteenth meeting, held in Accra (Ghana) from 15 to 18 May. Discussions at the meeting centred on the negotiations for a new International Tropical Timber Agreement (ITTA II) and the General mid-term review of Objective 2000, the international organization's main policy platform. The Policy coordination European Union signalled that its accession to ITTA II would be very much dependent on the 1.4.44. Communication from the Commission level of international cooperation established in to the Council and the European Parliament on the tropical timber trade and the management of complementarity between the Community's de- productive forests. velopment cooperation policy and the policies of the Member States. Coffie References: Declaration of the Council and of representa- 1.4.46. International Coffee Council' tives of governments of Member States meeting within the Council on aspects of development Reference: International Coffee Agreement cooperation policy in the run-up to 2000: Bull. 1994 OJ L 222,26.8.1994; Bull. 718-1994, point ll-1992, point 1.4.47 1.3.1 l3 Council resolution on procedures for coordina- Previous meeting: Bull. 1/2-1995' point 1.4.65 tion between the Community and the Member States: Bull. 12-1993, Point 1.3.59 Second meeting, held in London from 15 to Council conclusions on the coordination of de- 19 May. At this meeting the Council decided velopment policies: Bull. 5-1994, point 1.3.87 unanimously that the 1994 Agreement should Council Decision on the list of countries in enter into force. Other business concerned the could be stepped which Community coordination organization's programme of work in coming up: Bull. 5-1994, 1.3.88 Point years and budgetarY matters. Adopted by the Commission on 3 May. ln its the Commission refers to the communication Cereals provisions of the EC Treaty on the complementarity and coordination of Community pol- 1.4.47. Draft International Cereals Agreement icy and policies pursued by the Member States 1+ point 1.3.113). (Articles l30u and l30x), and evaluates the state of play. Since complementarity cannot be achieved unless Community and national policies are guided by common objectives, and Activities within international forums since these objectives are translated at sectoral and operational level into common approaches 1.4.48. Visit to the Commission by Mr Jac- the effectiveness of both national and Com- ques Diouf, Director-General of the UN Food - jointly it pro- on munity aid being evaluated - and Agriculture Organization (FAO)' poses that a structured approach be adopted with l5 May. a view to increasing complementarity and argues that more coordination is needed in for- Mr Diouf had talks with Mr Santer, Mr Mar(n ward planning. and Mr Fischler on the subject of cooperation coM(95) 160 between the Commission and the FAO, and

Bull. EU 5-1995 59 Humanitarian aid

pressed the case for a greater international com- Africa, particularly in Angola, Mozambique and mitment to food security. He also informed them Zimbabwe. of a special programme set up by the FAO to raise food production in low-income countries 1.4.53. Proposal for a Council Regulation on with a food deficit, about which the Commission aid for rehabilitation programmes in southern side expressed interest. Africa (- point 1.4.110).

EC Investment Partners Aid for refugees

1.4.49. Proposal for a Council Regulation on 1.4.54. Visit to the Commission by Ms Sadako the implementation of the European Communi- Ogata, the UN High Commissioner for Refu- ties Investment Partners (ECIP) financial instru- gees, on 22May. ment for the countries of Latin America, Asia, the Mediterranean region and South Africa. Ms Ogata had talks with Mr de Deus pinheiro. Both underlined the complexity Commission proposal: OJ C 287, 15.10.1994; of the situation Rwanda COM(94) 358r Bull. 718-1994, poinr t.3.l t4 in and acknowledged that there had to Parliament opinion: OJ C 323, 21.11.1994: be close cooperation between the European Bull. l0-1994. point t.3.98 Union and UN agencies such as the UNHCR. The situation in Mozambique was also Council comnton position (EC) No 6/95 adopted broached, the two sides confirming their agree- on 22 Ma1, . The Regulation would renew and ment to implement a joint programme for the re- expand the ECIP financial instrument for the pe- integration of displaced persons. riod 1995-99. The main purpose of the instrument is to promote joint ventures of mutual interest to Community firms and local firms in the eligible countries, including South Africa. The Council approved a financial reference amount of ECU 250 million to implement the programme over five years. Humanitarian aid oJ c t60, 26.6.1995 1.4.55. Proposal for a Council Regulation concerning humanitarian aid. Cooperation via non-governmental Reference: Commission communication to the budgetary authority on legal bases and maximum organizations amounts: Brtll.'7/8-1994, point 1.4.1

1.4.50. Projects in developing countries. Adopted by the Commission on 3l May. ln accordance with the Commission communication Commission cofinancing: commitment of ECU of July 1994 on legal bases and maximum 3 956 822 for l7 operations. amounts, the Regulation lays down a common legal basis for the Community's humanitarian 1.4.51. Campaigns to raise public awareness. aid, which is financed under various budget Contnission contributiort: ECU I 339 648 for headings and administered by the European I I operations. Community Humanitarian Office, the aim being to adapt it to requirements and recent developments. The proposed Regulation sets out the objectives and general guidelines for humanitar- Rehabilitation aid ian aid and lays down implementation procedures. 1.4.52. Financing decision. coM(gs) 201 Adopted by the Commission on 23 Mav. ECU 3 1.4.56. Visit by Ms Bonino to Cuba from l7 to 658 580 for rehabilitation operations in sourhern 20May 1'- point 1.4.103).

60 Bull. EU 5-1995 Humanitarian aid

1.4.57. Visit by Ms Bonino to Haiti from 21 to cussed the situation in Haiti and the best ways of 22May. coordinating humanitarian aid and long-term structural development. On the subject of Ms Bonino met the country's President, there was no hope of a Mr Jean-Bertrand Aristide, the Economic Rwanda, they noted that humanitar- Affairs and Finance Minister, Ms Marie- short-term political solution and that ian aid the region was costing some ECU Michelle Rey, the Health Minister, Mr Jean- in 300000 a day. Joseph Molidre, the Planning Minister, Mr Jean- Marie Cherestal, and the Agriculture Minister, Mr FranEois Sevrin. Talks focused on the Com- 1.4.59. Parliament resolution on the volcanic munity's aid for Haiti. Ms Bonino stressed that eruption on the island of Fogo (Cape Verde). the European Union was ready to help Haiti's recovery and that the Commission was giving Adopted on 18 May. Parliament asked the Com- priority to structural aid. She also said that USD mission to provide immediate aid and to act in 400 million of the USD 1 billion pledged by the close cooperation with the Government of Cape international community would come from the Verde and the local authorities to help victims of EU. the April eruption and prevent a deterioration of 1.4.58. Visit by Ms Bonino to UN headquar- their economic and social circumstances. ters in New York on 22May. oJ c 15l, 19.6.1995 Ms Bonino met Mr Boutros Boutros-Ghali, the UN Secretary-General, with whom she dis- 1.4.60. Commission decisions: see Table 5.

l{vaanilarian aid Table 5 - F (mllton ECU) Financing: EDF (ACP countries)

Sierra Leone Displaced persons 0.55

Financing: 1995 ECHO budget

Central and East Africa Refugees and displaced persons 4.62

Angola Civil war 7.O

Ecuador Refugees and displaced persons following Ec- uador/Peru fighting o.45

Guatemala Returnees and displaced persons Humanitarian aid for vulnerable sections of society 6.0

Northern Iraq Refugees from Turkey 1.435

Kyrgyzstan Humanitarian aid for vulnerable sections of society 2.0

Lebanon Mission to assess situation in Palestinian refugee 0.025 camps

Nicaragua Cholera epidemics and malaria

Bull. EU 5-1995 61 European Economic Area (EEA), European Free Trade Association (EFIA)

(million ECU) Country/reglon

Peru Rabies and plague epidemics 0.75

Russian Federation Food aid 3.0

Fighting in northern Caucasus 7.0

Earthquake on Sakhalin island o.215

Somalia Fighting 0.3s

Tadjikistan Internal difficulties and humanitarian aid for vulnerable sections of society

Former Yugoslavia Fighting 93.89

European Economic Area question of extending cumulation of the rules of origin both to the associated countries and the (EEA), European Free Trade EFTA countries, in the light of the conclusions Association (EFTA) of the Essen European Council. 1.4.62. Council conclusions on EU policy towards the Baltic Sea region (- point 1.4.70) European Economic Area

1.4.61. EEA Council Reference: Essen European Council conclusions: Bull. I 2- 1994, point I.4l Previous meeting: Bull. l2- 1994, point 1.3. l4 Central and Eastern Europe,

Third nrceting lrcLd in Brussels on 30 Mal,. At Baltic States this meeting, chaired by Mr Michel Barnier, the French Minister for European Union Affairs and President of the Council of the European Union, Pre-accession strategy the EFTA-EEA delegation (Iceland, Norway, and Liechtenstein) was headed by Norway's Trade Minister, Ms Grete Knudsen, and the Preparation for integration in the Commission was represented by Mr Van den internal market Broek. It was the hrst EEA Council meeting References: since the accession of Austria. Finland and Swe- Council Regulation (EEC) No 3906/89 on eco- den to the European Union and Liechtenstein's nomic aid to certain countries of Central and entry into the EEA. Eastern Europe (PHARE programme) (OJ L 375, 23.12.1989; Bull. l2-1989, pont 2.2.25), as lasr The highlight of the meering was the adoption of amended by Regulation (EEC) No 1764193 OJ L a Joint Declaration on Political Dialogue setting 162,3.7.1993; Bull. 6-1993. point 1.3.13 out practical arrangements for reinforcing coop- Europe (association) Agreements between the eration. This was the prelude to a preliminary European Communlties and their Member States and exchange of views on political issues including Hungary and Poland respectively: OJ L 348, 31.12.1993: Bull. l2-1993, point the Middle East peace process, the Euro-Medi- t.3.20 Draft Europe Agreement with terranean Conference. Slovenia: Bull. former Yugoslavia, Rus- 4-1994. pornt 1.3.33 sia and the European security architecture. The Commission communications on preparing the meeting also discussed trade, particularly the Central and East European countries for acces-

62 Bull. EU 5-1995 Central and Eastern Europe, Baltic States

sion: COM(94) 320; COM(94) 361; Bull. 7/8- themselves to set their priorities in accordance 1994. points 1.3.26 and 1.3.27 with their own situation and strategies; Conclusions of the Essen European Council: tr the White Paper also stresses the need to cre- Bull. l2-1994, points I'13 and I.39 ate the necessary administrative and organiza- Europe Agreements establishing an association ensure that this legislation can between the European Communities and their tional context to guide for the Member States and Bulgaria, Romania, the Czech be implemented effectively. As a Republic and Slovakia: OJ L 358' L 359 and L Central and East European countries, the Annex 360,31 .12.1994; Bull. 112-1995, points 1.4.73 to contains a summary of the structures needed to 1.4;77 ensure implementation of Community legisla- Draft Europe (association) Agreements be- tion and identifies the relevant national (or inter- their tween the European Communities and national) structures in the light of the experience and Estonia, Latvia and Lithua- Member States acquired within the Union in this matter; nia: Bull. 4-1995, Point 1.4.64 n it explains how the assistance at present chan- 'Preparation of 1.4.63. White Paper entitled nelled to the associated countries through the the associated countries of Central and Eastern PHARE programme for the approximation of internal market of Europe for integration into the laws can be stepped up and adapted in order to the Union'. provide better support for the Central and East Adopted by the Commission on 3 May. The European countries' efforts. The Commission is Annex was adopted on l0 May' The White Pa- therefore proposing the establishment by each per is part of the pre-accession strategy adopted country of a national framework programme for by the European Council in December 1994 fot harmonizing national legislation with internal pro- the six countries which have already concluded market legislation, so that all the PHARE association agreements (Poland, Hungary' the grammes aimed at the objectives of the White Czech Republic, Slovakia, Bulgaria and Roma- Paper are complementary. Since, on the other nia) and the countries which are negotiating Eu- hand, certain assistance requirements are com- rope Agreements with the Union (at present the mon to all the associated countries, the Commis- three Baltic States, which have initialled Europe sion plans to set up a technical assistance infor- Agreements, and Slovenia). It is designed as a mation office supported by a multi-country general reference document of use to all poten- PHARE programme. It will provide for the ex- tial Member States, and provides a guide to as- change of information and will facilitate the pro- sist those countries in preparing their economies vision of the highest possible quality of assist- for operating under the requirements of the ance from a variety of public- and private-sector European Union's internal market. It does not bodies covering Community legislation and therefore contain any binding measures and does implementing structures. Databases drawing on not set any kind of timetable but plays a three- infbrmation from the Commission, the Member fold role, as follows: States, the associated countries and the private sector will be set up in order to achieve transpar- the Central and East Euro- ! in order to assist ency and avoid duplication of effort. The Com- planning and program- pean countries with their mission will make available through the data- presents the essential legislative mea- ming, it bases all relevant information about the Central sphere the internal market and in sures in the of and East European countries' progress in imple- competition and social and other spheres such as menting the White PaPer. policy, which are of vital impor- environmental coM(95) 163 tance for the operation of the market. The Annex accordingly sets out, in 23 different spheres of legislative activity, and on a deliberately selec- Structured relations tive basis, the Articles of the Treaty and secon- dary legislation which have a direct impact on 1.4.64. Joint ministerial meeting between the the freedom of movement of goods, services, European Union, the associated Central and East persons and capital. A logical order for the European countries and the Baltic States. idoption of these measures is established, with This was the 'key' measures being separated from the Meeting held in Brussels on 22 Ma,-. and whole body of measures applicable, it being un- the first meeting of the economic affairs States of the derstood that it is up to the associated countries finance ministers of the 15 Member

63 Bull. EU 5-1995 Central and Eastern Europe, Baltic States

European Union and their counterparts in the as- Mr Zhan Videnov. Prime Minister, Mr Georgi sociated Central and East European countries Pirinski, Foreign Minister, and other members and the Baltic States chaired by Mr Alain Made- of the Bulgarian Government. Mr Van den lin. French Economic Affairs and Finance Broek stressed that the European Union had al- Minister and President of the Council, with the ready provided. through the PHARE pro- participation yves- of Mr Mario Monti and Mr gramme, aid of over ECU 400 million and Thibault de Silguy representing the Commis- planned to pay a sum of the same order over the sion. Two main topics were discussed. The pre- coming five years; he stressed the need for more sentation of the White Paper on the approxima- rapid and effective use to be made of these tion Iegislation of on the internal market 1+ funds. Mr Van den Broek also mentioned the point 1.4.63) gave the Central and East Euro_ need to strengthen inter-regional cooperation as pean countries the opportunity to present their a necessary complement to the deepening of programme of reform and to stress the valtie of relations between the European Union and Bul- the technical assistance which will be developed garia. The other subjects raised during this visit the by European Union. The delegations also included the preparation of the Association described their macroeconomic restructuring Council meeting of 29 May in Brussels (- point programmes. 1.4.67) and the visa problems faced by Bulgar- ian citizens wishing to visit the Member States of the European Bilateral relations Union. 1.4.67. European Union/Bulgaria Association Albania Council.

1.4.65. Own-initiative opinion delivered by Reference: Final conference on the Stability pact the Economic and Social Committee on rela- in Europe: Bull. 3-1995, points 1.4.4 and,2.2.l tions between the European Union and Albania. First meeting References: held in Brussels on 29 May. The delegation Agreement between the European lulgarian was headed by Mr Georgi Economic Pirinski. Community and Albania on trade and commer- Foreign Minister, and the European cial and economic cooperation: Bull. l0_1992, Union was represented by Mr Michel Barnier, point 1.4. l l French Minister for European Union Affairs and Council statement on the release of a second President of the Council, and Sir Leon Brittan. instalment of macro-financial assistance for The discussions covered two main subjects: Albania: Bull. 4-1995. point 1.4.69 I the Bulgarian delegation presented the main Adopted b1,the Economic and Social Committee aspects of the 1995-98 government programme on 3l May. The Committee considered that, in designed to prepare the country for acceision to view of the democratization process which was the European Union (harmonization legisla- under way but was threatened by the structural of tion, speeding-up of the privatization fragility of the economy and strategic process, and secu- etc.). The Association Council rity issues in the Balkans. the European welcomed the Union favourable economic trends Bulgaria should conduct a proper policy of aid for devel- in and stressed the importance of the White paper on oping Albania, which, since it was both a Cen- the internal market as a central element the tral European country and a Mediterranean non- in pre-accession strategy ( point 1.4.63). member country, should also be covered - On the by the subject of trade. Mediterranean policy. The Committee the issue of Bulgarian accession also to the World Trade Organization wanted the European Union to implement was also dis- a spe_ cussed; cial programme for rebuilding the Albanian ! economy and to speed up the procedures for es_ in the context of regional cooperation and se- tablishing an association with the country. curity issues, the Association Council stressed the stabilizing role of Bulgaria in the region and Bulgaria its contribution to the implementation of the UN sanctions related to the conflict in the former 1.4.66. Visit by Mr Van den Broek on 4 and Yugoslavia; it also welcomed Bulgaria,s con- 5 May. During this visit Mr Van den Broek mer structive participation in the Stability pact. The Mr Zhelyu Zhelev, president. the country,s two sides also pointed to the importance of inte_

64 Bull. EU 5-1995 Central and Eastem Europe, Baltic States

grating Bulgarian infrastructure in the trans- efforts made by Slovakia, noting nevertheless European network, largely through the PHARE the need to continue, in a transparent manner, programme. the structural reforms, in particular privatization, reform of the banking sector and restructuring of Poland firms, and to strengthen the democratic process. The two delegations also stressed the impor- 1.4.68. Visit by MrVan den Broek on 18 and tance of the White Paper on the internal market 19 May. (+ point 1.4.63) for guiding and supporting the Central and East European countries in their Reference: (association) Europe Agreement be- preparations for accession. The discussions also tween the European Communities their and covered trade relations and regional cooperation, Member States and Poland: OJ L 348, in particular the conclusion of the 31.12.1993; Bull. l2-1993, point 1.3.20 agreement between Hungary and Slovakia under the Stability During this visit, Mr Van den Broek met Pact. Mr Lech Walesa, the country's President, Mr Jozef Oleksy, Prime Minister, Mr Wadys- law Bartoszewski, Foreign Minister, and other members of the government. He also met the Relations with the Baltic States members of the interministerial committee for integration policy and members of the national parliament. References: Europe (association) Agreement between the During these discussions the present state of European Communities and their Member States relations between Poland and the European and Poland: OJ L 348, 31.12.1993: Bull. Union was assessed and in particular the Europe 12-1993, point 1.3.20 Agreement, which entered into force on I Feb- Agreement establishing the European Econo- ruary 1994. The discussions also covered the mic Area: Bull. ll2-1994, point 1.3.27 pre-accession strategy adopted at the Essen Commission communication to the Council on orientations for Union approach towards the European Council in December 1994 and in par- a Baltic Sea region: Bull. 10-1994, point 1.3.21 ticular the White Paper, which is intended to Agreements on free trade and trade-related facilitate the integration of Central and Eastern matters between the European Communities and Europe into the European Union's single market Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania: Bull. 12-1994, 1+ point 1.4.63). points 1.3.37, 1.3.40 and 1.3.43 Conclusions of the Essen European Council: Bnll. 12-1994, points I.l3 and L39 Slovak Republic Draft Europe (association) Agreements between the European Communities and their 1.4.69. European Union/Slovak Republic As- Member States and Estonia, Latvia and Lithua- sociation Council. nia: Bull. 4-1995, point 1.4.64 Reference: Final conference on the Stability Pact Draft Partnership and Cooperation Agreement in Europe: Bull. 3-1995, points 1.4.4 and2.2.l between the European Communities and their Member States, of the one part, and Russia, of the First meeting held in Brussels on 29 May. The other part: Bull. 3-1995, point 1.4.74 Slovak delegation was headed by Mr Juraj 1.4.70. Council conclusions on EU policy Schenk, Foreign Minister, and the European towards the Baltic Sea region. Union was represented by Mr Michel Barnier, French Minister for European Union Affairs and Adopted by the Council on 29 May. President of the Council, and Sir Leon Brittan. '1. The Council notes with satisfaction the Commis- The Slovak delegation expressed its country's sion communication on guidelines for a European wish to be a full member of the European Union Union policy towards the Baltic Sea region. and noted that the country's main difficulties It points out that the European Union has a genuine concerned the internal market, approximation of interest in contributing to the political stability and legislation and unification of technical stan- prosperity of the region, an interest recently reflected dards. The Community delegation welcomed the in the Stability Pact initiative.

Bull. EU 5-1995 65 Central and Eastern Europe, Baltic States

2. The Baltic Sea region has taken on increasing ated States, Norway and the Russian Federation. The importance for the European Union as a result of the Council calls on the Commission to submit to it pro- accession of two new Member States with Baltic posals regarding the role which the Commission may coasts, the entry into force of free-trade Agreements come to play, within its sphere of competence, in the and the signing of association Agreements with the CBSS. three Baltic States, to which the pre-accession strategy decided on by the European Council in Essen will thus be applicable. These new links between the Economic cooperation Union and the Baltic Sea region come on top of those 7. Through strong economic growth and trade liber- already arising from the presence of Member States alizatron, the Baltic Sea region will offer fresh oppor- with Baltic coasts, the relations entered into with Nor- tunities for trade and investment. The further integra- way under the European Economic Area, the associ- tion of the region into the European and the global ation Agreement with Poland and the signing in 1994 economy is in line with the Union's interests. It is of the pannership and cooperation Agreement with with this in mind that the Union should contribute to the Russian Federation. the development of trade in the region and direct its asslstance. Political cooperation and dialogue 8. The Council reaffirms the European Union's wish region. 3. The European Union is uniquely placed to contrib- to promote the development of trade in the various ute to the development and stability of this region on The Union is contributing to this through its Sea States, which make account of the ties it has built up with the Baltic Sea Agreements with the Baltic panicular procedures, States, which result in the establishment of many provision, each under its own The channels for political dialogue. for the reduction or elimination of trade barners. Union will also endeavour to encourage initiatives to 4. The structured dialogue established with the associ- expand trade between Baltic Sea States which are not ated States provides an important framework in this members of the Union, by providing suitable assist- field. The Baltic States, with which a political dia- ance, e.g. in the customs field. logue has been conducted under the Joint Declaration to the region of I I May 1992, are in future to participate in that 9. The Council notes that assistance will structured dialogue. The association Agreements and achieve greater consistency if aid programmes are the partnership and cooperation Agreement with Rus- planned and developed in the light of the regional pri- sra provide for the establishment of a bilateral frame- context and if a consensus can be found on certain work for politrcal dialogue. A dialogue is also being orities. engaged in with Norway under the European Econo- In this respect the Council highlights the importance mic Area. Consistent use will need to be made of of greater coordination of existing bilateral and multi- these various channels with the aim of promoting sta- lateral assistance programmes. especially, bearing in bility and security in the region. mind their respective roles, under the G-24 and under 5. The adoption of the Stabilty Pact on 20 and the Council of the Baltic Sea States, a particularly ap- 2l March 1995 at the Pans Conference and its transfer propriate forum for Baltic Sea regional cooperation. to the OSCE represent the successful culmination of In accordance with the Essen European Council con- joint action by the Union under the CFSP. This initia- clusions, particularly those on intra-regional cooper- tive should help encourage the putting into practice of ation and trans-European networks, the European the the principles and undertakings laid down at Union will ensure that its own action makes a comple- United Nations, the OSCE and the Council of Europe. mentary contribution to the rmplementation of policy the The European Union, whose towards Baltic regional cooperation and cross-border projects and Sea region will contribute to the achievement of the projects to foster good neighbourliness rn the Baltic Stability Pact's objectives, in particular to the con- Sea region. structive development of Russian-Baltic relahons, will continue to keep a close watch on the further progress Assistance provided should take due account. in ac- of that process, which comes under the OSCE and cordance with the specific rules of each instrument, of which could give rise to the continuation of work car- the following prioritres: trade, infrastructure, includ- ried out in the context of the regional round tables. ing transport, investment, the environment, energy and nuclear safety, education, and development of the 6. Permanent consultation between Baltic Sea States activities of local communities and of the private sec- (CBSS) within the Council of the Baltic Sea States is tor. also highly important, as borne out by initiatives such as the appointment of a Commissioner on Democratic 10. The Council requests the Commission to submit to Institutions and Human Rights. Besides some Union it in the second half of 1995 a report on the progress Member States, the CBSS includes a number of States of and practical prospects for cooperation in the Baltic with which the Union maintains close links: associ- Sea region.'

66 Bull. EU 5-1995 Mediterranean and Middle East

Mediterranean and Middle with a view to allowing the export of certain goods to the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia East (Serbia and Montenegro). Regulation to be amended: Council Regulation (EEC) No 990/93 concerning trade between the Northern Mediterranean European Economic Community and the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro) (OJ L t02, 28.4.1993; Bull. 4-1993, point Croatia 1.3.27), as last amended by Regulation (EC) No2472194: OJ L 266, 15.10.1994; Bull. 1.4.71. Proposal for a Council Regulation 10-1994, point 1.3.36 amending Regulation (EEC) No 3906189 with a view to extending economic assistance to Croa- Adopted by the Commission on 29 May. The tia. purpose of the Regulation is to amend the terms the embargo so as to allow the export of Commission proposal: OJ C 360, l'l .12.1994 of the and COM(94) 526; Bull. ll-1994, point 1.3.41 essential supplies needed for the repair of Parliament opinion: Ol C 126,22.5.1995; Bull. iron locks on the right bank of the Danube. 4-1995, point 1.4.76 coM(95) 217

Agreed by the Council on 29 May. The purpose of the Regulation is to include Croatia in the PHARE programme. The Council recommended Maghreb that, until otherwise decided, PHARE programme measures in Croatia should be concen- trated on projects to encourage reconciliation Tunisia between the Croatian and Serbian communities 1.4.74. Draft Euro-Mediterranean association in that country. Agreement with Tunisia. Recommendation Decision: Bull. Former Yugoslavia for a l1-1993, point 1.3.26 1.4.72. Parliament resolution on the situation Negotiating directives: Bull. l2-1993, point in former Yugoslavia. 1.3.38 Initialled: Bull. 4-1995, point 1.4.80 Adopted on 18 May. Parliament denounced the The Commission adopted a proposal a Deci- renewed escalation of the fighting in the former for sion (EC,ECSC) of the Council and the Commis- Yugoslavia, condemning all attacks on the civil- sion on the conclusion the agreement on ian population from whatever source and the of 3l May. readiness to solve the conflict by force of arms. It called on all the parties concerned to resume coM(95) 23s negotiations for a comprehensive and peaceful settlement on the basis of the decisions by the UN Security Council and the Contact Group for Mashreq the former Yugoslavia. Noting that the presence of UN forces over the last four years had pre- vented the conflict spreading, it called for their Jordan mandate, resources and scope for action to be strengthened. It emphasized that closer cooper- 1.4.75. Draft Euro-Mediterranean association ation between the European Union and the Re- Agreement with Jordan. publics of the former Yugoslavia would be pos- References: sible only if those Republics were prepared to Draft association Agreement with Israel: Bull. accept the decisions of the UN Security Council. 12-1993, point 1.3.31 oJ c l5l, t9.6.1995 New draft Agreement with Morocco: Bull. 12-1993, point 1.3.33 1.4.73. Proposal for a Council Regulation Conclusions of the Essen European Council: amending Council Regulation (EEC) No 990193 Bull. l2-1994, point I.14

Bull. EU 5-1995 67 Mediterranean and Middle East

Draft Euro-Mediterranean association Agree- Financial and technical cooperation ment with Egypt: Bull. 12-1994, point 1.3.67 Commission communication to the Council and the European Parliament on strengthening the 1.4.76. Project financing. Mediterranean policy of the European Union: proposals for implementing a Euro-Mediterrane- References: Council Regulation (EC) No 1734194 on finan- an partnership: COM(95) 7 2; Bull. 3- I 995, point 1.4.57 cial and technical cooperation with the Occupied Draft Euro-Mediterranean association Agree- Territories: OJ L 182, 16;l .1994; Bull. 7/8-1994, ment with Tunisia: point 1.4.14 of this Bulletin point 1.3.50 Council Regulation (EEC) No 1763/92 on financial cooperation in respect of all Mediterra- The Commission adopted a recommendation for nean non-Member countries (OJ L 181 , I .7 .1992; a Decision on 31 May. The Commission pro- Bull. 6-1992, point 1.4.17), as last amended by posed opening negotiations with Jordan with a Regulation (EC) No 1735/94: OJ L 182, view to concluding a Euro-Mediterranean asso- 16.7.1994; Bull. 7/8-1994, point 1.3.50 ciation Agreement similar to those currently under negotiation with other countries in the Commission financing decisions granting aid to region. the following projects (see Table 6).

Table 6 Cooperation with Mediteruanean countries - (milhon ECU)

Financing: cooperation involving all Mediterranean non-member countries All countries otoou, ,oun 10 I I Financing: financial and technical cooperation with the Occupied Territories

West Bank and Gaza Strip Aid to the community

West Bank, Gaza Strip and East Jerusalem Aid to the community

Support for the peace process confer democratic legitimacy on the Palestinian Authority. It welcomed the aid already granted by the European Union to the Palestinian Au- 1.4.77. Parliament resolution on the Middle thority during the preparatory stage of the elec- East peace process and the elections in the tions and called for the Union to respond posi- Occupied Territories. tively to the request for observers to be sent to monitor the electoral process. It pointed out that References: aid to create jobs and ensure that the Palestinian Israel-PLO Agreement: Bull 9-1993, point Authority be I .3.1 9 operated satisfactorily continued to Israel-Palestine Agreement in Cairo: Bull. essential if the peace process were to be brought 5-1994, point 1.3.46 to a successful conclusion. It further welcomed the decision by Israel to release a number of Pal- Adopted on 19 May. Parliament stressed the estinian prisoners and called for it to be urgent need to implement the declaration of extended to other Palestinian political prisoners. principle signed by Israel and the PLO on However, it also expressed concern at the deci- 13 September 1993 by means of actual, visible sions by the Israeli government to expropriate deeds and, in particular, to hold elections in the several dozen hectares of the land belonging to Gaza Strip and Jericho in accordance with the Palestinians in East Jerusalem in order to build conditions laid down in the Cairo Agreements of housing as part of the settlements policy. 4 May 1994, insofar as such elections would oJ c l5l. r9.6.1995

68 Bull. EU 5-1995 Independent States of the former Soviet Union; Mongolia

Independent States of the use for the first time its right of initiative in common foreign and security policy matters un- former Soviet Union; der Article J.2 of the Treaty on European Union Mongolia and has put to the Council a draft common position which takes the above objectives as a basis to set out the following priorities: tr General to continue to involve the Russian Federation in establishing Europe's security architecture: the European Union will endeavour to bring 1.4.78. Commission communication to the greater dialogue between Russia and NATO and Council and Parliament entitled 'The European contribute to discussions on a special arrange- Union and Russia: the future relationship'; draft ment between the two to provide for regular ad Council common position on the European /roc consultation and dialogue; Union's objectives and priorities for the Russian ! to back the process of upholding democracy Federation. and human rights by promoting cooperation at References: all levels between opinion-formers, members of Draft Partnership and Cooperation Agreement parliament and government and non-govern- between the European Communities and their mental organization representatives in Europe Member States, of the one part, and Russia, of the and Russia, in the capitals and in the regions, other part: Bull. 6-1994, point 1.3.30; Bull. and by promoting compliance on the part of the 3-1995, point 1.4.74 Russian Federation with the conditions for Draft interim Agreement on trade and trade- membership of the Council related matters between the European Commu- of Europe; nity and Russia: Bull. 12-1994, point 1.3.53 tr to pursue economic reform and economic in- teraction between the European Union and Rus- Adopted by the Commission on 3l May. In the sia, and to absorb Russia progressively into a light of the need to have a clear framework for wider European area of prosperity and into the coordinating and integrating the various political world economic system. The European Union and economic instruments which will be used to would accordingly help Russia to prepare and implement European Union policy for Russia in implement agreements with the International the future, the Commission has proposed an Monetary Fund and other international financial overall strategy. Because Finland's accession to institutions, and would look again at involving the European Union has made Russia an imme- Russia in international groupings such as the G7 diate neighbour, and because it believes that in the light of its success with macroeconomic Russia's role in stability in Europe is a vital one stabilization and economic reform. The Euro- and that the country's economic, commercial pean Union would also back Russia's applica- and scientific potential is considerable, the Com- tions to join entities like the World Trade Orga- mission suggests that the European Union work nization; with Russia and partners from around the world tr to step up cooperation in other areas, includ- (particularly across those the Atlantic) to ing combating illegal activities and crisis pre- achieve the following: vention and management; ! greater political, social and economic stability n to develop dialogue on all matters of common in the Russian Federation and the countries of interest in a manner which would allow the two the region; parties to set out their opinions in the appropriate forum and at the appropriate time. tr sustained development leading to improved living standards; co}l(gs) 223 tr greater cooperation in addressing the most 1.4.79. Commission communication to the significant world and regional issues. Council and Parliament entitled 'Towards a European Union strategy for relations with the Accordingly the Commission, as with its com- Transcaucasian republics'; draft Council communication entitled 'Towards a European Union mon position on the objectives and priorities of strategy for relations with the Transcaucasian the European Union towards the Transcaucasian Republics' 1-+ point 1.4.79), has pressed inro republics.

Bull. EU 5-1995 69 Independent States of the former Soviet Union; Mongolia

Reference: European Energy Charter Treaty: OJ Bilateral relations L 380,31.12.1994; Bull. 12-1994, point 1.2.110

Adopted b1t the Commission on 3l May. The 1.4.82. Draft partnership and cooperation Commission noted that despite the cease-fires of Agreements between the European Communi- 1994, the three republics of the Caucasus (Geor- ties and their Member States and Belarus, gia, Armenia and Azerbaijan) continue to be Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova and Ukraine. affected by the fighting in Nagorno-Karabakh Reference: Court of Justice Opinion 1194, of and Abkhazia, and are in a difficult economic 15 November 1994, on the competence of the position. Because the region is geopolitically Community to conclude agreements resulting important to the European Union, which has en- from the Uruguay Round: Bull. 12-1994, point ergy interests there, the Commission communi- t.7.23 cation proposes an overall strategy including the wake of the Court of Justice's opinion provision for partnership and cooperation In regarding the competence of the Community to Agreements with each of the three republics, conclude agreements resulting from the Uruguay food aid and humanitarian aid and technical as- Round, the Commission is proposing to alter the sistance for rebuilding in the wake of the war. legal bases originally cited in the proposals for The Commission is also of the opinion that spe- Council Decisions (EC) on the conclusion of cial IMF assistance could be considered (this partnership and cooperation Agreements, would have the added effect of making loan the namely Articles I 13 and 235 of the EC Treaty, repayments to the Community easier). It by adding Articles 54(2), 51(2) and 73c(2), Arti- believes nevertheless that implementation of the cle 15 and Article 84(2), in conjunction with strategy should be dependent on the progress Article 228(2) and (3) points 1.4.83 to made in achieving acceptance by all parties of 1+ 1.4.87). The proposals for Council Decisions the sovereignty, independence and territorial in- (EC) and the draft Commission Decisions tegrity of each of the republics, in settling the (ECSC and Euratom) have furthermore been disputes, in promoting human rights and demo- together single text for each cratic institutions, in repatriating refugees and in brought in a carrying out economic reform. It emphasizes country. that bilateral and regional political dialogue between the partners and with Russia, Turkey and Belarus the Economic Cooperation Organization of which Azerbaijan is a member could help the 1.4.83. Draft partnership and cooperation rebuilding effort. In the light of these aims, as is Agreement between the European Communities the case with its communication entitled 'The and their Member States and Belarus. Russia: the future relation- European Union and Recommendation for a Decision: Bull. 7/8- has ship' (+ point 1.4.78), the Commission 1992, point 1.4.3 pressed into use for the first time its right of ini- Negotiating directives: Bull. l0-1992, point tiative in common foreign and security policy 1.4.t9 matters under Article J.2 of the Treaty on Euro- Amended Commission recommendation: Bull. pean Union and has put to the Council a draft 10-1994, point 1.3.31 common position which sets out priorities for Amended negotiating directives: Bull. I l-1994, political cooperation, backing for democratic point 1.3.33 Bull.12-1994, institutions and the other forms of aid referred to Initialling of the Agreement: point 1.3.48 in the communication. Proposal for a Council Decision (EC) on the coM(gs) 205 conclusion of the Agreement: COM(95) 44; Bull. l/2-1995, point 1.4.96 the 1.4.80. Council conclusions regarding Draft Commission Decisions (ECSC and Eur- European Union's policy towards the Baltic Sea atom) on the conclusion of the Agreement: region and the Baltic States 1- point 1.4.70). COM(95) 44; Bull. ll2-1995, point 1.4.96 Decision regarding the signing of the Agree- 1.4.81. Commission communication to the ment: Bull. 3-1995, point 1.4.70 Council and Parliament entitled 'Prospects for Agreement signed: Bull. 3-1995, point 1.4.70 cooperation in science and technology with the Consultation of the ECSC Consultative Com- new independent States (NIS)' 1+ point 1.3.46). mittee: Bull. 3-1995, point 1.4.70

'70 Bull. EU 5-1995 Independent States of the former Soviet Union; Mongolia

Amended proposal for a Council and Commis- Council decision on the signing of the Agree- sion Decision regarding conclusion of the ment: Bull. 12-1994, point 1.3.51 Agreement adopted by the Commission on Agreement signed: Bull. ll2-1995, point 1.4.99 the ECSC Consultative Com- 8 May. Consultation of mittee: Bull. 3-1995, point 1.4.72 coM(95) r37 Amended proposal for a Council and Commis- Kazakhsta;t sion Decision regarding conclusion of the Agreement adopted by the Commission on 1.4.84. Draft partnership and cooperation 8 May. Agreement between the European Communities coM(95) 137 and their Member States and Kazakhstan.

Commission recommendation: Bull. 7 18-1992, Moldova point 1.4.3 Negotiating directives: Bull. l0-1992, point 1.4.86. Draft partnership and cooperation 1.4.t9 Agreement between the European Communities Initialling of the Agreement: Bull. 5-1994, and their Member States and Moldova. point 1.3.35 Commission recommendation: Bull. 7 18-1992, (EC) Proposal for a Council Decision on the point 1.4.3 conclusion of the Agreement: OJ C 319, Negotiating directives: Bull. l0-1992, point point 16. 11.1994; COM(94) 4ll; Bull. l0-1994, 1.4.19 1.3.32 Proposal for a decision amending the negotiat- (ECSC Eur- Draft Commission Decisions and ing directives: Bull. 6-1994, point 1.3.31 atom) on the conclusion of the Agreement: OJ Negotiating directives amended: Bull. 7/8- C 319, 16.11.1994; COM(94) 4tt; Bull. 1994, point 1.3.43 lO-1994, point 1.3.32 Initialling of the Agreement: Bull. 'l18-1994, Council decision on the signing of the Agree- point 1.3.43 ment: Bull. 12-1994, point 1.3.49 Proposal for a Council Decision (EC) on the Agreement signed: Bull. l12-1995, point 1.4.97 conclusion of the Agreement: COM(94) 477; Consultation of the ECSC Consultative Com- Bull. I l-1994, point 1.3.35 mittee: Bull. 3-1995, point 1.4.71 Draft Commission Decisions (ECSC and Eur- atom) on the conclusion of the Agreement: Amended proposal a Council and Commis- for COM(94) 477:BulL ll-1994, point 1.3.35 sion Decision regarding conclusion of the Council decision on the signing of the Agree- Agreement adopted by the Commission on ment: Bull. 11-1994, point 1.3.35 8 May. Agreement signed: Bull. I l-1994, point 1.3.35 coM(gs) 137 Consultation of the ECSC Consultative Com- mittee: Bull. l2-1994, point 1.3.52 Kyrgyzstan Amended proposal for a Council and Commis- sion Decision regarding conclusion of the 1.4.85. Draft partnership and cooperation Agreement adopted by the Commission on Agreement between the European Communities 8 May. and their Member States and Kyrgyzstan. coM(95) r37 Commission recommendation: Bull. 7 /8-1992, point 1.4.3 Ukraine Negotiating directives: Bull. l0-1992, point 1.4.19 1.4.87. Draft partnership and cooperation Initialling of the Agreement: Bull. 5-1994, Agreement between the European Communities point 1.3.36 and their Member States and Ukraine. Proposal for a Council Decision (EC) on the conclusion of the Agreement: Ol C 326, Commission recommendation: Bull. 7 18-1992, 24.11.1994; COM(94) 412; Bull. l0-1994, point point 1.4.3 1.3.33 Negotiating directives: Bull. l0-1992, point Draft Commission Decisions (ECSC and Eur- t.4.t9 atom) on the conclusion of the Agreement: OJ Proposal for a Council decision amending the C 326, 24.11.1994:. COM(94) 412; Bull. negotiating directives: Bu.ll. l/2-1994, point l0- I 994. point I .3.33 t.3.52

Bull. EU 5-1995 7t United States, Japan and other industrialized countries

Council Decision amending the negotiating This additional loan, which will be matched by directives: Bull. 3-1994, point 1.3.51 similar sums loaned by the US and Japan, will Initialling of the Agreement: Bull. 3-1994, be paid out in two tranches, subject to two con- point 1.3.51 ditions: that Ukraine fulfil its financial obliga- Proposal for a Council Decision (EC) on the tions to the European Union in and on time, conclusion of the Agreement: COM(94) 226i full Bull. 6-1994, point 1.3.34 and that it adhere to the timetable agreed for the Draft Commission Decisions (ECSC and Eur- closure of Chernobyl (the details were agreed by atom) on the conclusion of the Agreement: the G7 and backed by the European Union). COM(94) 226: Bull. 6-1994, point 1.3.34 OJ C 164, 30.6.1995; COM(95) 195 Decision on the signing of the Agreement: Bull. Council conclusions adopted on 22 Ma1t. 6-1994, point 1.3.34 'The Agreement signed: Bull. 6-1994, point 1.3.34 Council noted with satisfaction the continuing Consultation of the ECSC Consultative Com- efforts towards macroeconomic adjustment and struc- mittee: Bull. 3-1995, point 1.4.75 tural reforms in Ukraine under the standby arrangement agreed with the Intemational Monetary Fund last Amended proposal for a Council and Commis- April. sion Decision regarding conclusion of the The Council also expressed satisfaction with the un- Agreement adopted by the Commission on dertakings made by President Kuchma on closing the nuclear plant year 8 May. in Chernobyl before the 2000 and noted the timetable published by the Ukrainian au- coM(95) r37 thorities on l9 May 1995. The Commission therefore considered the conditions for the payment of the macrofinancial assistance of Assistance for the independent States ECU 85 million which the Council decided last December had been met. of the former Soviet Union The Council agreed with the Commission. The Council gave sympathetic consideration to a new Financial assistance macrofinancial loan, the amount of the two loans together being up to one third of the bilateral assistance announced and no more than one third, i.e. ECU Ukraine 285 mrllion, of the estimated financing requirement. The new loan would be paid in two tranches. 1.4.88. Proposal for a Council Decision pro- The first tranche would be for an amount ECU viding further macrofinancial assistance to of 100 million. The amount of the second tranche will be Ukraine. decided by the Council, provided a satisfactory shar- References: ing of the burden can be arranged. Twentieth Western Economic Summit: Bull. Given the significance of the nuclear question for both 7/8-1994, point 1.3.52 the Union and Ukraine, implementation of the loan Common position 94l779lCFSP on the Euro- will be linked to the Council's establishing that pro- pean Union's objectives and priorities for gress has been made on this point. Followrng consul- Ukraine: OJ L 313, 6.12.1994: Bull. ll-1994, tation with the Monetary Committee, the Council will point l 3.1 take a decision on the payment of the two tranches of Council Decision 94l94OtEC providing macro- the operation.' financial assistance for Ukraine: OJ L 366, 31.12.1994: Brll. 12-1994. point 1.3.46

Adopted by the Commission on 16 Ma1t. The United States, Japan and Commission proposed that Ukraine be granted a other industrialized countries balance of payments loan of a maximum of ECU 220 million for up to l0 years to to allow it Relations between the European consolidate the stabilizatjon of its economy and continue structural reform. This would be on top Union, the United States, Canada and of the ECU 85 million loan granted in December Japan 1994, which the Commission now intends to pay 1.4.89. Quad meeting. out in the light of the fact that it considers the Reference: Final Act of the Uruguay Round conditions attached to it (as set our by the Coun- trade negotiations: Bull. 4-1994, point 1.3.61 cil in December 1994) to have been fulfilled. Previous meeting: Bull. 9-1994, point 1.3.14

72 Bull. EU 5-1995 United States, Japan and other industrialized countnes

Meeting held in Whistler (Canada), on 4 and sity of the dialogue between the EU and Japan, 5 May. The meeting, attended by Mr Mickey and stressed that relations with Japan were a pri- Kantor, US Trade Representative, Mr Ryutaro ority and should be based on a consistent, long- Hashimoto, Japanese Minister for Trade and In- term approach, backed up by regular assessment dustry, and Sir Leon Brittan, for the Commis- of the results achieved. The Council proposed sion, focused on the setting up of the World deepening the dialogue on political issues, and Trade Organization and prospects for reinforc- welcomed Japan's desire to play a political role ing it; applications for membership from the more in keeping with its economic weight. People's Republic of China, Russia, Ukraine However, it could not accept proposals to and Taiwan; and how to sustain the momentum enlarge the UN Security Council, on which there behind trade liberalization built up by the con- was no EU consensus. On economic policy, the clusion of the Uruguay Round negotiations, Council reaffirmed the soundness of the current particularly on investment, services and market policy of combining dialogue and cooperation access. Preparations for the next Western Eco- on matters of mutual interest with a pro-active nomic Summit were also discussed. approach to resolving clearly identified problems regarding market access and Community business presence. It underlined the need for decisions by the Japanese authorities on matters United States such as the removal of sectoral obstacles to market access, deregulation, foreign investment, the reduction oftechnical barriers, the application of Mickey 1.4.90. Visit to the Commission by Mr competition rules, and the opening-up of gov- 22May. Kantor, US Trade Representative, on ernment procurement markets. It approved the Commission's proposals on bilateral coopera- met Sir Leon Brittan and Mr Franz Mr Kantor tion, with particular reference to research and Fischler for talks on the opening of OECD and development, industrial cooperation, informa- WTO-sponsored negotiations on direct invest- tion, development cooperation, the environment ment (r point 1.4.19); US sanctions policy and export promotion. against particular countries; US claims for compensation for the enlargement of the European So as to make effective use of all the means at Union; prospects for the conclusion of mutual the EU's disposal in its relations with Japan, the recognition agreements; financial services; mar- Council proposed that the Commission step up itime transport; and Community legislation on cooperation between its representatives in specific products such as bananas and furs. The Tokyo and Member States' embassies there, three also discussed Parliament's endorsement hold regular meetings with the Japanese author- of the Agreement on government procurement ities and expand contacts with the business 1'-+ point 1.3.22). world; it also expressed interest in a Commis- sion proposal to hold a conference on EU-Japan cooperation.

Japan 1.4.92. Council conclusions on the US-Japan trade dispute over motor vehicles.

Adopted by the Council on 29 MaY. Reference: Commission communication'Europe 'With reference to the dispute between Japan and the and Japan: the next steps': COM(95) 73; Bull. United States in the motor vehicle sector, the Council 3-1995, point 1.4.80 would emphasize its attachment to proper operation of the multilateral system and condemns unilateral mea- 1.4.91. Council conclusions on the Commis- sures and recourse to quantitative export objectives sion communication 'Europe and Japan: the next which infringe both the spirit and the letter of the steps'. WTO Agreements. The Council shares some of the concern expressed by Adopted by the Council on 29 May. The Council the United States regarding stnratural obstacles to praised the quality of the Commission commu- access to the Japanese market and the negative impact nication. It expressed satisfaction with the inten- of certain rules and technical barriers. The Council

Bull. EU 5-1995 73 Asia

encourages the United States, before it withdraws any Canada, Mr Santer pointing out that it was concessions, to make use, as it had expressed the important that Canada enforce all elements of intention of doing. of the WTO multilateral system for the agreement on fishing in the NAFO Regu- resolving disputes. latory Area. The two also discussed preparations It also calls upon the Commission to keep a close eye, for the next Western Economic Summit. in conjunction with the Article I l3 Committee, on developments in the dispute between the United States of America and Japan, and to ensure that the lnterests of European industry are not affected by any discrimi- Australia nation.'

1.4.93. Proposal for a Council Regulation on 1.4.96. Ministerial meeting. the implementation by the European Commis- Previous meeting: ll2-1994, sion of actions to promote exports to Japan. Blll. point I.3.68

Adopted by the Commission on 23 May. This Held in Brussels on 15 May. At this, rhe l2th proposal is part of the follow-up to the Commis- ministerial meeting, Mr Bob McMullan, the sion communication 'Europe and Japan: the next Australian Minister for Trade, met Sir Leon steps'. It calls for the Commission to set up a Brittan and Mr Franz Fischler; he also had a se- programme to promote exports to Japan aimed parate meeting with Mr Karel van Miert. They at providing support for European exporters at discussed prospects for enhanced bilateral coop- every step of the process of penetrating the Japa- eration in existing areas such as employment, nese market, in particular via seminars and science and technology, mutual recognition, in- conferences, networking, EU group participation dustry, environment, and development cooper- in trade fairs and missions, and training pro- ation, and extending cooperation to new areas grammes (especially language programmes). such as competition, education and training, customs 'information coM(95) 188 and the society'. They also discussed agricultural issues, including arrangements for access to European markets for Aus- tralian products, concerns over specific products Canada such as cheese, wheat starch and gluten and wine, and cooperation on veterinary matters. International and multilateral issues were also Reference: Draft Agreement between the Com- raised, in particular the future of the World munity and Canada on fisheries under the NAFO Trade Organization and the EU's relations with (North-West Atlantic Fisheries Organization) the Asia-Pacific region. The meeting culminated Convention: Bull. 4-1995, point l.3.l2l in the publication of a joint communiqu6 in 1.4.94. Visit by Sir Leon Brittan on 2 May. which the two sides stressed their mutual desire to develop a broader partnership. Sir Leon Brittan held ralks in Ottawa with Cana- da's Foreign Minister, Mr Andr6 Quellet, and International Trade Minister, Mr Roy Maclaren. They discussed ways of rebuilding and developing relations between the European Union and Canada. Sir Leon pointed out that the recent dispute over fishing in the NAFO Regulatory Area Asia would inevitably affect the relationship and that it would take time and effort to bring relations back to normal. Bilateral relations 1.4.95. Meeting between Canada's Prime Min- ister, Mr Jean Chr6tien, and Mr Santer on 8 May in Paris. Sri Innka

Mr Santer and Mr Chr6tien stressed their desire 1.4.97. Parliament resolution on the break- to rebuild bilateral relations between the EU and down of peace negotiations in Sri Lanka.

74 Bull. EU 5-1995 Latin America

Aid to refugees and Adopted by Parliament on 18 May. Parliament Table 7 - condemned the withdrawal of the LTTE ('Tamil displaced Persons Tigers') from the peace negotiations and their (million ECU unilateral breaking of the cease-fire. It considered that the reasons put forward by the LTTE Country Total amount for breaking off the talks with the democrat- elected government of Sri Lanka demon- ically Afghanistan 5 9.85 strated their underlying reluctance to enter into a constructive dialogue. The resolution called on Cambodia I 0.6 the European Union and its Member States to support the Sri Lankan Government's efforts to Hong Kong I 0.3 revive the peace process, and on the Commis- I 1.0 sion to increase its cooperation with the Govern- pressure to be ment. Parliament also called for Laos 1 2.0 exerted on the LTTE to return to the negotiating table and for controls on arms sales to be tight- Myanmar (Burma) 2 6.0 ened. Nepal 2 3.1 oJ c 151, 19.6.1995 Sri Lanka I 2.21

Viet Nam I 3.0 Viet Nam

1.4.98. Draft framework cooperation Agree- ment between the Community and Viet Nam' Latin America Commission recommendation: Bull. 7 18'1993, point 1.3.47 Negotiating directives: Bull' l0-1993, point 1.3.41 Relations with regional bodies

Agreement initialled on jl May. The draft 1.4.101. Parliament resolution on the Euro- Agreement covers trade cooperation, including pean Community and Mercosur: an enhanced mirket access, investment promotion, economic policy. cooperation, sustainable development in Viet References: Nam, and environmental protection. Commission communication on 'The European Community and Mercosur: an enhanced policy': COM(94) 428; Bull' lO-1994, point 1.3.51 Solemn joint declaration between the Council and the Commission, on the one hand, and the Mercosur Member States on the other: OJ C 37'7, Cooperation with Asia 31.12.1994; Bull. l2-1994, point 1.3.80 Adopted by Parliament on 16 May. Parliament 1.4.99. Commission financing allocating ECU welcomed the solemn joint declaration between 500 000 to a project to combat rinderpest in the European Union and Mercosur, particularly Pakistan. its strategy for achieving an interregional political and economic association. The resolution called for the institutionalization of regular political dialogue between the two parties and increased economic cooperation, and supported grant Aid to refugees and displaced persons the Commission's initiatives to technical assistance for the implementation of the integration process between the two parties. 1.4.100. Commission decisions: see Table 7. oJ c 151, 19.6.1995

75 Bull. EU 5-1995 Latin America

Bilateral relations conclusion of an Agreement on political - consultation and economic partnership, providing for the progressive and reciprocal lib- Chile eralization of trade, taking account of the sensitivity of certain products and of the 1.4. 102. Commission communication to the European Union's international obligations, Council and Parliament on the strengthening of including its obligations to the WTO. relations between the European Union and coM(gs) 232 Chile.

References: Cuba Framework cooperation Agreement between the Community and Chile: Ol L'r.9, 26.3.1991; 1.4.103. Visit by Ms Bonino, t7-2OMay. Bull. 3-1991, point 1.3.31 Solemn joint declaration between the Council Ms Bonino met Fidel Castro, president of the and the Commission, on the one hand, and the State Council and the Council of Ministers of Mercosur Member States on the other: OJ C 377, the Republic of Cuba. Their talks focused on 31.12.1994: Bult. t2-t994. point 1.3.80 Cuba's economic reforms, EU humanitarian Conclusions of the Essen European Council: aid Brrll. 12-1994, point I.19 to Cuba (the importance of which Mr Castro stressed) and EU fisheries policy with regard to Adopted by the Commission on 3l May. In re- Cuba, with particular reference to the North- sponse to a request from the Essen European West Atlantic Fisheries Organization (NAFO). Council, the Commission assessed the economic and external relations situation of Chile, and set Mexico out four strategic options for responding to Chile's desire for closer ties with the European 1.4.104. Solemn joint declaration between the Union. These options reflected the EU's com- Council and the Commission, on the one hand, mitment to encouraging the regional integration and Mexico, on the other. process in Latin America, notably through an as_ Reference: sociation with Mercosur. The Commission,s Commission communication entitled 'Towards closer relations proposals were divided into two regional between the European and Union and Mexico': COM(95) two bilateral options: 3; Bull. 1t2-1995, point L4. 107 Council Decision on the signing of the declara- ! regional options tion: Bull. 4-1995, point 1.4.89 multiple-speed convergence based on Chile Commission Decision on the signing of the - declaration: Bull. 4-1995, participating in independently conducted point 1.4.g9 negotiations (political matters, trade, cooper- Signed in Paris on 2 May. The declaration ation, investment, etc.) between European covered the two parties' common objectives, the Union and Mercosur, full political cooper- contents of a new political, commercial and ation (with Chile taking part in political eco_ nomic Agreement and the preparation and nego- meetings between European Union and Mer_ tiation of that Agreement. It was signed on cosur) starting immediately. This option behalf of the European Union by Mr A. Jupp6, would fit in with the EU's overall policy of French Minister of Foreign Affairs and pieii- supporting regional integration; dent of the Council, and Mr Marin, Commission joint - negotiations: if Mercosur and Chile Vice-President, and by Mr J.A. Gurria, Mex- brought forward their timetable for integra- ico's Minister of Foreign Affairs. The full text tion, the negotiations between the Europian of the declaration was as follows: Union and Mercosur could be extended to 'The parties, Chile; mindful of their historical ries and con_ vinced that relations established by the framework tr bilateral options Agreement for cooperation in force should be streng_ thened and extended by a new Agreement which will using the future developments clause of the - further contribute to development and stability, have framework Agreement in force extend to decided to provide their mutual relations with a long_ economic, trade and political cooperation; term perspective.

76 Bull. EU 5-1995 Latin America l. Common objectives o Both parties will in any case ensure that the conditions of real access to their respective markets are The parties solemnly reaffirm their determination to maintained; continue to strengthen their cooperation. In accord- tr intensifying cooperation by means of: ance with their common values and in strict observ- strengthened programmes to support closer con- ance objectives and principles of the United of the - tacts between both parties' undertakings and the Nations Charter, they will work with a particular view development of environmental, industrial (infor- to: mation and telecommunications technology) and tr supporting democracy, the rule of law and respect scientific and technical cooperation; for human rights and individual freedoms, the opportunity for Mexico to participate in certain - projects and programmes; tr safeguarding peace and promoting international se- European cooperation curity, in particular by cooperating with other nations the conclusion of specific Agreements in various against aggression, all forms of coercion and violence, - areas: the fight against fraud, administrative coop- and contributing to the prevention and peaceful settle- eration, rules of origin, etc. ment of conflicts in the world by strengthening the role of the United Nations, In this context, the parties urge the EIB to intensify its activity in Mexico while complying with its proce- tr implementing policies designed to lead to a healthy dures and financing criteria. world economy characterized by sustained economic growth with reduced inflation, a high level of employment, equitable social conditions and a stable interna- In order to achieve these obiectives, the tional financial system, parties undertake to complete the consultations D promoting market principles, pushing back protec- and internal procedures required for the tionism, implementing and consolidating multilateral- negotiation of the Agreement to begin.' ism, in particular by applying the principles of the new World Trade Organization and the OECD.

Cooperation with Latin America 2. New political, commercial and economic Agreement 1.4.105. Commission financing decision awarding ECU 460 000 to a cholera prevention the conclusions adopted by the Bearing in mind project in Argentina. Council of the European Union on l0 April 1995, further to the communication entitled 'Towards closer relations between the European Union and Mexico', both parties are agreed that the conclusion of a new political, commercial Aid to refugees and displaced persons and economic Agreement would be the means of relations between the bringing about closer 1.4.106. Commission decisions: see Table 8. European Union and Mexico that would be most in accordance with their common interests. Such an Agreement would include in particular:

tr intensified political dialogue on matters of common Table 8 Aid to refugees within intemational interest and close consultation - and displaced persons bodies. This concertation will take the form of meetings at various levels, including meetings at the highest levels, between Mexico and the European Union in accordance with procedures to be determined by those parties;

tr a framework to encourage the development of trade in goods, services and investment, including progressive and reciprocal liberalization, taking account of the sensitive nature of certain products and in accordance with the relevant WTO rules.

Bull. EU 5-1995 77 ACP countries, South Africa and OCTs

ACP countries, South Presidency statement on behalf of the Euro- Africa pean Union concerning the events in Kibeho: and OCTs Bull. 4-1995. point 1.4.12

Adopted on 12 May.

'The events in Kibeho have led to the temporary sus- Relations with ACP countries pension of the aid programmes for the Government of Rwanda implemented by the Community pursuant to the recommendations issued by the Development Council on 25 November 1994 in the light of the Protocols objectives and priorities defined in the common position of 24 October 1994.

Detailed consultations have Sugar Protocol established that the suspension is affecting the Community's development aid programmes but not humanitarian and emergency 1.4.107. Council Decision 95ll85lBc on the aid, aid to the health and education sectors or mea- conclusion of the Agreement in the form of an sures in support of human rights and the rule of law. exchange of letters between the European Union and Barbados, Belize, Congo, C6te d'Ivoire, The gradual resumption of assistance will depend on the conclusions of the Committee Fiji, Guyana, Jamaica, Kenya, Madagascar, of Inquiry conclusions which must be reached entirely independ-- Malawi, Mauritius, Saint Christopher and Nevis, ently and on the actual efforts of the Rwandan au- Suriname, Swaziland, Tanzania, Trinidad and thorities- to achieve the objectives and priorities of the Tobago, Uganda, Zambia and Zimbabwe on the common position. accession of Zambia to Protocol No 8 on ACP Sugar annexed to the Fourth ACP-EEC Conven- The Commission will provide the Council with further tion. information as necessary.'

References: Fourth Lom6 Convention: OJ LZZ9, 17.8.1991; Bull. 9-1991. point 1.3.38 Zaire Commission proposal: COM(95) 41: Bdl. lt2- 1995, point l.4.l12 1.4.109. Parliament resolution on the outbreak Adopted on22May. Purpose: to allow Zambia of the Ebola virus in Zaire. to accede to the Protocol on sugar annexed to the fourth Lom6 Convention. Adopted on 18 May. Parliament expressed its deep concern JO L 120, 31.5.t995 about the outbreak of the Ebola virus in Zaire. lt called on the Commission and the Council to appeal, as a matter of the utmost urgency, to the Executive Board of the World Bilateral relations Health Organization (WHO) to take emergency measures and convene an extraordinary general assembly as soon as possible in order to provide Rwanda all member countries with the fullest information on the real possibility of a pandemic. It fur- 1.4.108. Statement by the Council and the ther called on the said European Union institu- Commission on Rwanda. tions to make representations to the United Nations to extend its AIDS programme to References: include all emergent viruses, on the Commission Council Decision 941697|CFSP concerning rhe to launch a programme on pandemics with effect common position on the objectives and priorities from the next financial year and on all the of the European Union uis-d-vis Rwanda: OJ L Mem- ber States the 283,29.10.1994; Bull. tO-1994, point 1.3.4 of Union to institute forthwith co- Council guidelines on a programme of imme- ordinated and stringent health control proce- diate action to restore social and production dures at all ports and airports. structures in Rwanda: Bull. I l-1994, point 1.3.70 oJ c l5l, 19.6.1995

78 Bull. EU 5-1995 ACP countries, South Africa and OCTs

conditions of South Africa's accession to this with the countries of southern Relations Convention: Bull' 3-1995, point 1.4'97 Africa

1.4.110. Proposal for a Council Regulation on 1.4.111. Proposal for a Council Regulation on Africa' support for rehabilitation programmes in south- development cooperation with South em Africa. Adopted by the Commission on l0 May' The 1988 budget the Adopted on l0 May. ln its Commission proposes that, pending the conclu- a special budget heading Community introduced sion of a tradL and cooperation Agreement with people the Southern Africa to support the of South Africa, a 'European programme for recon- (SADC) countries Devel,opment Community struction and development in South Africa' destabilization' In affected by civil war and should be set up. Its aim should be to contribute on the ground in 1993, in view of developments towards sustainable economic and social devel- behind the budget southern Africa, the policy opment in the country and help consolidate the revised to target reha- heading in question was foundations of a democratic society. The Com- region, particularly bilitation programmes in the mission therefore proposes implementing mea- The purpose of this in Angola and Mozambique. sures in education, training, health and urban procedures for managing propoial is to lay down and rural development, support and cooperation has allo- ihe financial resources the Community measures for the private sector (particularly programmes in southern cated to rehabilitation small and medium-sized businesses), measures Lesotho, Malawi, Africa (Angola, Botswana, to strengthen institutions and help local commu- Tanzania, Mozambique, Namibia, Swaziland, nities to organize themselves and measures to promote the proper Zambia and Zimbabwe), to promote democratization and the protection of and help build up functioning of the economy human rights. the institutions needed to restore the capacity of coM(95) 174 social and political stability and meet the needs of the people. The Commission proposes that MrJo6o de the measures should focus on ensuring the mate- 1.4.112. Visit to South Africa by rial and operational rehabilitation of basic in- Deus Pinheiro, l1 to 13 MaY. frastructuri, on relaunching production, on the social reintegration of refugees and demobilized M. Pinheiro met, amongst others, Mr Nelson troops, on tiaining and on the after-effects of Mandela, President of South Africa, Mr Thabo internal conflict and the policies of destabil- Mbeki, Vice-President, and Mr Trevor Manuel, ization conducted in the region. Minister for Trade and Industry. They raised the coM(95) l7s question of the draft long-term Agreement between the European Community and South Africa which gave both sides an opportunity to state their position and declare themselves to be Relations with South Africa in favour of negotiations beginning as soon as possible.

References: Commission communication to the Council measures to be presented to the new -Governmentproposing of South Africa, and Council con- Financial and technical cooperation clusions thereon: COM (94) 123; Bull' 4-1994, point 1.3.38 Council Decision 94l822lEC of 19 December 1994 concerning the conclusion of a cooperation t.4.1 I 3. Project financing Agreement between the European Community Africa: OJ L 341, and the Republic of South Commission Decisions allocating a total of ECU Bull. l2-1994, point l'3'69 30.12.1994: 89 590 000 from the seventh EDF for projects Agreement on trade and cooperation with Draft programmes which it is running (see the Repubiic of South Africa; draft Protocol to and the Lom6 Convention covering the terms and Table 9).

79 Bull. EU 5-1995 Diplomatic relarions

Table 9 Financing - of operations under the seventh EDF

Economic infrastructure

Cape Verde Roads 3.09

Social and cultural development

I CLSS Education l6 Guyana Water supply system 6

Development of production Mauritania Rural production J Development of cooperatives I Trade promotion

Caribbean Development of commerce t4 Development of tourism 12.8

Miscellaneous

Benin Multisectoral programme 6.5 Dominican Republic Multisectoral programme 4.2 Haiti Multisectoral programme 23

89.s9

Permanent Inter-State Commtttee for Drought Control rn the Sahel.

Diplomatic relations n HE Mr Jaime Alvaro Moscoso Blanco, Head of Mission of the Republic of Bolivia to the European Communities, with effect on 30 May 1.4.114. The following ambassadors, whose 1995; appointments took effect on the dates shown, n presented their letters of credence to the presi_ HE Mr Hamid Aboutalebi, Head of Mission of the Islamic Republic dent of the Council and the president of the of Iran ro the European Commission: Communities, with effect on 30May 1995i I HE Mr Albert Pintat Santolaria, Head of Mis_ n HE Mr Tudor Botnaru, Head of Mission of sion of the Principality of Andorra to the Euro_ pean Communities, the Republic of Moldova to the European Com_ with effect on 30 May 1995. munities, with effect on 3 May 1995; 1.4.1 15. The Head of Mission of the principal_ n HE Mr Riaz Mohammad Khan, Head of Mis_ ity of Andorra is the first ambassador from that sion of the Islamic pakistan Republic of to the country to be accredited to the Communities. European Communities, with effect on 30 May This brings the number of diplomatic missions 1995; to 162.

80 Bull. EU 5-1995 5. Justice and home affairs cooperation

Judicial, customs and police Council must take its views into consideration cooperation either by accepting them or by giving detailed reasons for their rejection. oJ c 15l, 19.6.1995 1.5.1. Parliament resolution on the Europol Convention. 1.5.2. Parliament resolution on the kidnapping of Jos6 Marfa Aldaya by ETA. References: Conclusions of the Essen European Council: References: Bull. l2-1994, point L26 Parliament resolution on terrorism and its Council Joint Action 95l73lJHA concerning effects on security in Europe: OJ C 91, the Europol Drugs Unit adopted on the basis of 28.3.1994; Bull. 3-1994, point 1.4.1 Article K.3 of the Treaty on European Union: OJ Parliament resolution on the assassination of L 62, 20.3.1995; Bull. 3-1995, point 1.5.4 the Basque MP, Gregorio Ordonez: OJ C 56, 6.3.1995; Bull. ll2-1995, point 1.2.2 Adopted on 19 May. In view of the fact that the second paragraph of Article K.6 of the Treaty on Adopted on 18 May. Parliament demanded the European Union requires the Council to consult immediate release of Mr Aldaya, the industri- Parliament on the principal aspects of activities alist kidnapped by the terrorist organization in the areas referred to in Title VI of the Treaty, ETA on 8 May in Hondarribia (Guiprizcoa, including the Europol Convention, Parliament Spain), and stressed the need for the institutions emphasized its right to be kept informed and to be resolute in combating terrorism and to step consulted in good time on the draft Conven- up judicial and police cooperation. tion. It also felt that under the same Article, the oJ c 151, 19.6.1995

Bull. EU 5-1995 8l 6. Financing Community activities

Budgets anticipation of the expiry of the ECSC Treaty in 2002. Expenditure breaks down as follows: tr social aid: ECU 126 million, of which ECU General budget 80 million for redeployment aid, ECU 20 million for measures in connection with the restructuring of the steel industry and ECU 26 million Budgetary procedures for measures in connection with the restructuring of the coal industry; 1996 financial year tr research aid: ECU 60 million; this aid is to be used mainly for research into environmental 1.6.1. Parliament resolution on the estimates protection, improving the competitiveness of of revenue and expenditure of the European Par- coal and the rational use of resources; liament and the Ombudsman for the 1996 finan- tr interest subsidies on loans to encourage job- cial year. creating investments in coal and steel areas: ECU 50 million. Adopted on 19 Mar-. The 1996 estimates total ECU 762 439 800 for expenditure and ECU 51 857 000 for own resources; the volume for re-use is estimated at ECU I 701 000. The ap- propriations adopted for the Ombudsman in Financial operations 1995 (ECU 1.2 million) are rolled over pending the decision on his appointment. oJ c l5t, 19.6.1995 ECSC

Loans raised ECSC operating budget 1.6.4. In May, the Commission contracted a number of private placings in German marks 1.6.2. Draft budget amending ECSC operating and Italian lire on behalf of the ECSC for the budget for 1995. equivalent of ECU 15.1 million.

Reference: ECSC operating budget for 1995: OJ granted L 335, 23.12.1994; Bull. 12-1994, point 1.5.4 Loans 1.6.5. Acting under the ECSC Treaty, the 30 May. Pur- Approved by the Commission on Commission granted loans totalling ECU pose: take account of the increase in resources to 38.4 million. available for 1995 (+ ECU 40 million) in view increase in the levy yield following enlar- of the Conversion loans gement and the cancellation of commitments and unused resources from the previous year. 1.6.6. Conversion loans (Article 56 of the ECSC Treaty) totalling ECU 37 million were 1.6.3. Draft ECSC operating budget for 1996. granted in Germany.

Approved by the Contmission on 23 May. This Workers'housing draft budget comes to ECU 241 million, much less than the ECU 331 million for 1995. The 1.6.7. Loans totalling ECU l.4million were decline in resources is due to a further reduction granted for steelworkers and mineworkers in of the ECSC levy rate from 0.21Vo to O.l9%io in Germany.

82 Bull. EU 5-1995 7 . Statistical system

Policy aspects basis of the proposal (Parliament asked for Arti- cle 75 to be added alongside Article 213 of the 1.7.1. Council Regulation (EC) No ll72l95 on EC Treaty), reporting to the budgetary authority, the statistics relating to the trading of goods by the procedure for implementing and adapting the the Community and its Member States with non- Directive, and various technicalities or points of member countries. wording. oJ c r5r, 19.6.199s Commission proposal: OJ C 5, 7.1.1994; COM (93) 476; Bull. l2-1993, point 1.2.56 1.7.5. Proposal for a Council Directive on the collection of statistical information in the field Adopted by the Council on 22 May. The Regu- tourism. lation aims to update the regulations on the com- of pilation of the statistics on the trading of goods Commission proposal: OJ C 35, 11.2.1995:' with non-member countries, taking particular COM(94) 582; Bull. ll2-1995, point 1.6.2 account of the amendments to customs legisla- Endorsed the Economic and Social Commit- tion following the completion of the internal by tee on May. The Committee feels that there market. 3l may be a case for using more binding instru- oJ L ll8, 25.5.1995 ments in order to standardize definitions and 1.7.2. Proposal for a Council Regulation con- provide common, consistent reference cate- cerning harmonized consumer price indices. gories. Commission proposal: COM(94) 674;Bu'll. ll2- 1995, point 1.6.1 Results Endorsed by the Economic and Social Commit- tee on 31 May. The Committee recommends including the greatest possible number of prod- Comparison in real terms of per capita ucts in the baskets used to calculate the harmo- gross domestic product for the OECD nized consumer price indices and the monetary countries in 1993 union consumer price index. 1.7.6. Table l0 shows, for each OECD country 1.7.3. Draft Council Regulation (Euratom, EC) in 1993: concerning structural business statistics. tr the exchange rate expressed in ecus (1); Commission draft: COM(95) 99; Bull. 3-1995, tr the purchasing power parity expressed in point 1.7.1 terms of the purchasing power standard (PPS) Endorsed by the Economic and Social Commit- (2), this being defined in such a way that the tee on 3l May. value of GDP of the Community of Twelve expressed in ecus is the same as the value 1,7.4. Proposal for a Council Directive on sta- expressed in PPS; purchasing power parities are tistical returns in respect of carriage of goods calculated on the basis of the prices of a basket and passengers by sea. of goods and services which are both compara- Commission proposal: OJ C 214, 4.8.1994; ble from one country to another and representa- COM(94) 275; Bnll. 718-1994, point 1.5.1 tive; Economic and Social Committee opinion: OJ C tr the index of price levels (3) = (2) + (l); 397 , 31.12.1994; Bull. ll-1994, point I .6.5 tr the value of per capita GDP, calculated from Endorsed by Parliament on 19 May, subject to the exchange rates referred to the value of per amendments concerning in particular the legal capita GDP in the Community (index 100) (a);

Bull. EU 5-1995 83 Statistical system

n the index of the volume of per capita GDP (5) results according to whether value or volume is = (4): (3). used. Thus, the two countries with the highest per capita GDP are Japan, followed by Switzer- In particular, this reveals that, on account of the land in exchange-rate terns and Luxembourg significant differences in price levels between and the United States in terms of purchasing the countries of the OECD, comparison of per power parities. (The complete article is available capita GDP figures yields significantly different from sales offices in DE, EN and FR.)

Table l0 Comparison in real terms of per capita gross domestic product - for OECD countries in 1993

(l) (2) (4) (5) Purchasing Value index Exchange rate: (3) of Volume index of power parity per capita GDP per caprta GDP Countrv ECUI=...unrts Price level index I PPS units (on basrs of (on basrs of of national =.. EUR 12 100 of natronal = values ecu) values curTency in rn PPS) curTency EUR 12 = 100 EUR 12 = r00

Belgium 40.47 40.25 99.5 112.8 113.2

Denmark 7.594 9.485 124.9 t40.7 112.4 Germany 1.936 2.269 117.2 t27.0 108.2

Greece 268.6 198.9 74.1 46.8 63.1 Spain 149.1 126.2 84.6 66.0 77.8 France 6.634 7.O92 106.9 tt7.l I10.0 Ireland 0.8000 0.7066 88.3 71.6 81.0 Italy I 841 I 655 89.9 92.2 102.4 Luxembourg 40.47 42.75 105.6 172.3 160.4 Portugal 188.4 126.2 67.0 47.1 69.0 United Kingdom 0.7800 0.6878 88.2 87.4 99.0

Austria 13.62 14.96 109.8 t23.0 tt2.o Finland 6.696 6.567 98. l 88.9 90.7 Sweden 9.122 10.61 I16.3 t14.2 98.2

Iceland 79.16 88.77 tt2.t 124.3 I10.9 Norway 8.307 9.435 113.6 129.5 I14.0 Switzerland 1.730 2.300 133.0 179.7 135.2

Turkey t2 861 6 416 49.9 15.8 31.7

Australia 1.722 t.482 86.0 862 100.1 Canada l.5l I l,373 90.9 102.6 112.9

Japan 130.2 197.7 15 1.8 182.0 120.6

New Zealand 2.167 t.628 75.1 68.2 90.'7 United States of America I t7t 1.o79 92.2 131.2 143.6

84 Bull. EU 5-1995 8. Community law

Monitoring the application of Directive 94l27lEC (OJ L 188, 22.7.1994) Restrictions on the marketing of certain dangerous Community law substances Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, United Kingdom

Infringement proceedings Employment, industrial relations and social affairs Directive 89l654tEEC (OJ L 393, 30.12.1989) Letters of notice formal Minimum safety and health requirements for the workplace Greece Failure to notify measures incorporating directives into national law Directive 92l29lEEC (OJ L I13,30.4.1992) Minimum safety and health requirements for 1.8.1. In May, the Commission sent letters of improved medical treatment aboard vessels Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, formal notice in the following cases: Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, United Kingdom Directive 92l85lEBC (OJ L 348, 28.11.1992) Industry Improvements in the safety and health at work of pregnant workers and workers who have recently Directive 93ll4tEEC (OJ L l2l, 15.5.1993) given birth or are breastfeeding Braking of two- or three-wheel motor vehicles Belgium, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Luxem- Greece, France, Portugal, United Kingdom bourg, Portugal, Spain Directive 93l29tEEC (OJ L 188, 29.7.1993) Directive g2l9ltEEC (OJ L 348, 28.11.1992) Identification of controls and indicators for two- or Safety and health protection of workers in the min- three-wheel motor vehicles eral-extracting industries through drilling Belgium, France, Portugal, United Kingdom Belgium, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Portugal, United Kingdom Directive 93/3O{EEC (OJ L 10..88, 29.7.1993) g2llO4tEE;C Audible waming devices for two- or three-wheel Directive (OJ L 404, 31.12.1992) motor vehicles Safety and health protection of workers in surface and Belgium, France, Greece, Portugal, United Kingdom underground mineral-extracting industries Belgium, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Directive 93l3ltEEC (OJ L 188,29.7.1993) Portugal, Spain, United Kingdom Stands for two- or three-wheel motor vehicles Belgium, France, Greece, United Kingdom Agriculture (OJ Directive 93l32tEEC L 188,29.7.1993) Directive 92llO2lEEC (OJ L 355, 5.12.1992) vehicles Passenger hand-holds on two-wheel motor Identification and registration of animals Belgium, France, Portugal, United Kingdom Belgium, France, Cermany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Spain, United Kingdom Directive 93l33tEEC (OJ L 188,29.7.1993) Protective devices to prevent the unauthorized use of Directive 93ll07lEC (OJ L 299, 4.12.1993) two- or three-wheel motor vehicles Additives in feedingstuffs Belgium, France, Greece, Portugal, United Kingdom Greece, Netherlands, Spain, United Kingdom Directive 93l34lEEC (OJ L 188, 29.7.1993) Directive g3lll7lBc (OJ L 329,30.12.1993) Statutory markings for two- or three-wheel motor ve- Official control of feedingstuffs hicles Greece, Italy, Luxembourg, Portugal, Spain, United Belgium, France, Greece, Portugal, United Kingdom Kingdom

Bull. EU 5-1995 85 Monitoring the application of Community law

Directive 93/ll8/EC (OJ L 340, 31.12.1993) Customs and indirect taxation Health inspections and controls of fresh meat and poultrymeat Directive 94l4lEC (OJ L 60, 3.3.1994) Belgium, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxem- Allowances for travellers from third countries and bourg, Portugal, Spain, United Kingdom limits on tax-free purchases Portugal Directive 94l17lEC (OJ L 105, 26.4.1994) Additives in feedingstuffs Directive 94l5tEC (OJ L 60, 3.3.1994) Greece, Ireland, Netherlands, Portugal VAT Special arrangements applicable to second- hand goods,- works of art, collectors' items and an- Directive 94/59lEC (OJ 315, 8.12.1994) L tiques Examination trichinae imports for of of fresh meat Greece, Ireland, Portugal, United Kingdom derived from domestic swine Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Luxembourg, Portugal, Spain, United Kingdom Consumers

Transport Directive 93ll3lEEC (OJ L 95, 21.4.1993) Unfair terms in consumer contracts Directive 93l89lEC (OJ L 2'79, 12.11.1993) Germany, Italy, Luxembourg, Portugal, Spain, United Taxes on vehicles for the carriage of goods by road Kingdom Belgium, France, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Portugal, Spain Directive 94121/EC (Ol L 164,30.6.1994) Reasoned opinions Summer time Belgium. Denmark, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Ponu- gal, United Kingdom Failure to notify measures incorporating directives into national law Internal market and financial services 1.8.2. In May, the Commission delivered rea- Directive 93l83tEEC (OI L 248,6.10. 1993) soned opinions in the following cases: Copyright and related rights applicable to satellite broadcasting Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Industry Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, United Kingdom Directive 92161/EEC (OJ L 225, 10.8.1992) Type-approval of two- or three-wheel motor vehicles Directive 94l7tEC (OJ L 89, 6.4.1994) United Kingdom Solvency ratios for credit institutions as regards the technical definition of multilateral development banks Belgium, France, Denmark, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Environment, nuclear safety and civil Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, United protection Kingdom Directive 93l86lEEC (Ol L 264,23.10.1993) Directive (OJ 217,23.8.1994) 94l38lEC L Batteries and accumulators containing certain danger- general Second system for the recognition of voca- ous substances training tional Greece, Spain Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, United Directive 92l72tEEC (OJ L 297, 13.10.1992) Kingdom Air pollution by ozone Spain Energy Directive 93l76lEEC (OJ L 237, 22.9.1993) Internal market and financial services Limiting of carbon dioxide emissions by improving energy efficiency Directive 93l36tEEC (OJ L 199,9.8.1993) Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Coordination of procedures for the award of public Luxembourg. Ponugal. Spain supply contracts France, Greece Directive 94l2lEC (OJ L 45, 17.2.1994) Energy labelling of household electric refrigerators Directive g2l3OtEEC (OJ L I lO,28.4.1992) and their combinations Supervision of credit institutions on a consolidated Belgium, Germany, France, Ireland, Italy, Luxem- basis bourg, Spain Germany

86 Bull. EU 5-1995 Decisions by the Court of Justice and the Court of First Instance

Directive 92ll2llEEC (OJ L 29, 5.2.1993) Customs and indirect taxation Monitoring and control of large exposures of credit Directives 77l388lEEC (OJ 145, 13.6.1917) and institutions L 89t465tEEC (OI L 226,3.8.1989) Germany Exemption for industrial waste Directive 89l584lEEC (OJ L 341, 23.11.1989) Netherlands Recognition of diplomas (doctors, nurses, dental prac- titioners, veterinary surgeons and midwives) Cases referred to the Court of Justice Portugal, Spain Failure to notify measures incorporating Infringements of Treaties or regulations; directives into national law incorrect application of directives 1.8.4. In May, the Commission referred the 1.8.3. In May, the Commission delivered rea- following cases to the Court of Justice: soned opinions in the following cases: Environment, nuclear safety and civil Economic and financial affairs protection Articles 52, 58 and 221 of the EC Treaty Directive 90l3l3tEEC (OJ L 158, 23.6.1990) Discrimination against foreign investments in priv- Freedom of access to information on the environment atized companies Greece Portugal Directive 9lll56lEEC (OJ L 78, 26.3.1991) Waste Industry Greece Directive 83/189/EEC (OJ L 109, 26.4.1983) Directive 9ll27ltEE,C (OJ L 135, 30.5.1991) Technical standards and regulations ionizing radi- Urban waste water treatment ations of packaging and consumer products- Greece Netherlands

Competition Regulation (EEC) No 3975187 (OJ L 374,31.12.1987\ Decisions by the Court of Air transport assisting the Commission in its investigations - Justice and the Court of First Italy Instance Employment, industrial relations and social 1.8.5. Decisions given by the Community law- affairs courts are covered in the Bulletin for the month in which they are reported in the Official Jour- Article 48 of the EC Treaty nal. The operative part of the main decisions is Periods of employment in other Member States calculation of length of service - reproduced; other decisions are simply listed by Greece field and legal basis. Decisions in disputes between the Community and its staff are not Articles 48, 52,59 of the EC Treaty and Regulation reported. (EEC) No t6t2l68 (OJ L 257 , I 9. 10. 1968) Discrimination on grounds of nationality large families - Greece Court of Justice Articles 234 of the EC Treaty and Directive 5, 9, Main decisions 76t2O7.EEC (OJ L 39, 14.2.19'76) Nightwork for women Greece Free movement of goods

Agriculture Article 177 of the EC Treaty Article 30 of the EC Treaty 1.8.6. 28.3.1995: Case C-324/93 R. v Secre- Restrictions on imports of Spanish strawberries tary of State for the Home Department, ex parte France Evans Medical and Macfarlan Smith

Bull. EU 5-1995 87 Decisions by the Court of Justice and the Court of First Instance

(l) Article 30 of the EC Treaty applies to a national kohlenbergbaus and Others v Commission and

Drugs and marketable under that Convention. oJ C ll9, 13'5'1995 (2) Article 30 of the EC Treaty is to be interpreted as requiring a Member State to ensure that this provision is fully effective by disapplying a national practice Free movement of goods contrary to it unless that practice is necessary in order for the Member State concerned to comply with obligations towards non-member States laid down in an agreement concluded prior to entry into force of the Article 177 of the EC Treae Treaty or to accession by that Member State. (3) A national practice of refusing licences for importation of drugi from another Member State is nor 1.8.9. 23.3.1995: Case C-458/93 Saddik. covered by the derogation provided for in Article 36 OJ C I 19, 13.5.1995 of the EC Treaty if it is based on the need to safeguard an undertaking's survival but that derogation may apply to it if protection of the health and life of humans requires a reliable supply of drugs for essen- Agriculture tial medical purposes to be safeguarded and that objective cannot be achieved as effectively by measures less restrictive of intra-Community trade. (4) Council Directive '7'l/62lEEC of 2l December Article 173 of the EC Treaty 1976 coordinating procedures for the award of public supply contracts, as amended by Directive 8812951 enc 61 22March 1988, is to be interpreted as autho- 1.8.10. 17.2.1995:CaseC-455193 ltalyv Com- rizing the bodies covered by that Direclive which wish mission. to obtain diamorphine to award the contract on the OJ C ll9, 13.5.1995 basis of the tendering undertakings' ability to provide reliable and continuous supplies to the Member State concerned. oJ c l19, 13.5.t995 Industrial policy External relations Article 173 of the EC Treaty Article 177 of the EC Treaty 1.g.7. 30.3.1995: Case c-65/g3 parliament v Council. r,l' '2'1995: Case C-l 11/94 Ratiopharm (l) The application is dismissed. (Appticarion for ! ,,1,7 annulment-oi Councit Regulation (EEC) No 39l7lg2 v Mundipharma' of 2l December 1992 extending into 1993 the applica- oJ c I19, 13.5.1995 tion of Regulations (EEC) No 3831/90, (EEC) No 3832/90, (EEC) No 3833/90, (EEC) No 3834190. (EEC) No 3835/90 and (EEC) No 3900/91 applying generalized tariff preferences for l99l in respect of Infringements certain products originating in developing countries, and adding to the list of beneficiaries of such preferences.) (2) Parliament is ordered to pay the costs. The United Article 169 of the EC Treaty Kingdom is ordered to pay its own costs. oJ c 119' l3's'1995 1.8.12. i.2.1995: case c-lg3/94 Commission Other decisions v ltallt. ECSC oJ c ll9, l3.s.t99s

Article 33 of the ECSC Trean 1.8.13. 23.3.1995: Case C-365l93 Commission i.g.g. 21.2.1995: Joined Cases C_lg3/g9 and v Greece. C-138/90 Gesamtverband des deutschen Stein- OJ C 119, 13.5.1995

88 Bull. EU 5-1995 Decisions by the Court of Justice and the Court of First Instance

Court of First Instance State aid

Article 35 of the ECSC Treaty Other decisions 1.8.15. 22.3.1995: Case T-359/94 Schmidt and Clemens, and Edelstahlwerke Kaiserau v Commission. Agriculture oJ c I 19' 13.5.1995 Administration - Contracts Articles 173, 178 and 215 of the EC Treaty Article 175 of the EC Treaty 1.8.14. 28.3.1995: Case T-518/93 Anton Dur- 1.8.16. 17.3.1995: Case T-282194 Jurope beck v Council and Commission. v Commission. oJ c ll9, 13.5.1995 oJ c ll9, 13.5.199s

Bull. EU 5-1995 89 9. Institutional affairs

Preparations for the 1996 rather than a purely economic one. It has enhanced the Intergovernmental Conference European Parliament's powers, consolidated the Com- mission's legitimacy, launched economic and monetary union, and generally reinforced the Union's capacities. It has mapped out the path to a stronger References: Union presence on the world political scene. Conclusions of the Corfu European Council: Acknowledging the Treaty's strengths, Bull. 6-1994. point I.25 however, also permits us to identify its weak points and the short- Council report on the functioning of the Treaty comings in its implementation. This analysis will on European Union: Bull. 4-1995, point 1.9.1 allow the Commission to outline the path it believes Committee of the Regions own-initiative opin- should be followed during the Intergovernmental ion on the revision of the Treaty on European Conference, in terms of both form and Union: Bull. 4-1995, point 1.9.2 content: institutional questions, however important in a Commu- nity governed 1.9.1. Commission report on the operation of by the rule of law, should not blind us to the fundamental the Treaty on European Union. issues at stake.

Adopted on l0 May. In response to the request Two major challenges for Europe from the Corfu European Council in June 1994 The 1996 Intergovernmental Conference will be a key to assess the functioning of the Treaty on Euro- encounter, for Europe and its future. The outcome will pean Union, the Commission has presented its determine the shape of European matters as the contribution to the Reflection Group set up to 2lst century dawns. Two factors make this deadline prepare lor the 1996 Intergovernmental Confe- particularly important. rence. The Group, which is made up repre- of First, the Union's internal context has changed. sentatives the The of Member States and the Com- Maastricht Treaty ratification debate revealed mission that and two members of the European there was still a degree of scepticism about European Parliament, is to hold its first meeting in Mess- integration. Europe is not easy for people to under- ina on 2 June. stand; many do not see what it is about. The same problem can also arise within an individual country The preface to the Commission report is repro- where the citizen may not always realize what policies duced in full below. are being followed in his or her name, or why. The drstance between the citizen and the place where decr- sions are made, however, means that the problem is 'Preparing Europe for the 21st century more acute in the Union. This report by the Commission is its response to the So the first challenge is obvious to make Europe mandate of the Corfu European Council: that the the business of every citizen. The -emergence of open Community institutions review the operation of the debate, covering all points of view on Europe, is rn Treaty on European Union. It is the first stage in a fact a real opportunity: Europe is no longer deciding long and delicate process. It takes stock of the oper- its future behind closed doors. ation of an instrument that has been in force for only l8 months. The fact that in the period before the 1996 That is why the Commission does not regard the Treaty's Intergovernmental Conference the institutions are objective of a Community closer to the citi- each reviewing their collective modus operandi is zen as a mere empty formula, but as an overriding prrnciple guides welcome. Practical proposals on amendments to the which its actions. Treaty wrll follow in due course. The Commission will be listening to the vrews of ordinary men and women, The 1996 deadline was ser in 1991. At that time the and focusing on ways in which Europe Treaty was a bold response to a novel situation. can combat unemployment, safeguard the environment promote Objective analysis shows that it is better than its repu- and solidarity. tatron would suggest. It has the merit of setting out a Here, as elsewhere, the Commission will try to speak comprehensive approach to European integration, for the general interest.

90 Bull. EU 5-1995 Institutional affairs

and the social exclusion The Commission is convinced that the solution to tragedy of unemployment, of our societies today' Europe today's problems needs firm action at European level' which tears at the fabric been through a wholly unprece- None olour Member States can really tackle the prob- has since the 1950s development; this should never be lems of unemployment and pollution on its own' Or- dented period of ganized crime cannot be resisted by forces which are overlooked. above all' there can be no icattered and fragmented; In setting up a Community designed to last indefi- joint action at the effective foreign policy without nitely, equipped with its own institutions, enjoying Union level. legai person'ality, and intemationally represented in-its have given their alle- This does not mean that everything should be cen- o*n nutn", the Member States States' which is gov- tralized. Subsidiarity involves working out the right giance to an 'organization of particular to the treaties un- level for the most effective action, whatever the ques- emed by legal provisions this makes it fundamentally tion concerned. That level may be local, regional, der which ii was set up; established by tradi- national, European, or in some cases even worldwide' different from the organizations tional intemational treaties. They have pooled their The context has altered not only within the Union' sovereign rights and created a new legal order, involv- The international context has changed even more rad- ing noi jusr the Member States themselves but also waves of 1989 on the ically. The historic shock - their citizens, in the specific fields concerned' Union's very doorstep are still reverberating' The - based on law' upheavals which followed the fall of the Berlin Wall Thus there has sprung up a Community whether big or hive bome fruit. At tremendous cost, the new democ- The States of which it is composed, The Union racies in Central and Eastern Europe have confirmed small, enjoy equal rights and dignity. their different their attachment to the values that are at the very basis which brings them together respects do not how- of the Union. The Union, for its part, has committed identities and cultures. Those differences to take decisions itself to accepting these countries. ever stand in the way of their ability and to act together. That is the fruit of an institutional are these coun- Herein lies the second challenge. How system with hany strengths: thanks to the principle of without striking tries to be welcomed into the Union subsidiarity, it strikes the proper balance between the achieved in at the foundations of all that has been Union, the Member States and the regions; it adds a other 40 years of European integration? How, in new source of legitimacy common to the peoples of will not mul- *oidt, .un we ensure that enlargement Europe; and, lastly, it guarantees the effective applica- How can tiply our weaknesses but unite our strengths? tion of Community law under the review of the Court decisions and to act, we enhance our capacity to take of Justice. Within this system the Commission plays pronounced? Enlar- when our diversity becomes more an indispensable role, acting as the driving force worked out gement must represent a new arrangement through its right of initiative and its position as guard- of its impli- iuith or. ey"t op"n. We have to be aware ian ofthe Treaty. This right of initiative has to be pre- policies of the Union' cations foi the institutions and served, if the inevitable confusion and lack of overall is an answer The Commission is convinced that there direction which would result from multiple competing reason why to these questions. There is no compelling sources of initiative is to be avoided. an endeavour based on openness and solidarity should based on soli- mean weakness and dilution: enlargement and deepen- This Community is also a Community solidarity ing are perfectlY comPatible. darity: solidarity between Member States, betwlen regions, solidarity between different parts of Europe the busi- If these two challenges making society, and solidarity with future generations' The - a success of future ness of the citizen and making European model forges a fundamental link between up, we must begin by enlargement are to be taken the social dimension, human rights and civic rights' reminding ourselves- of the values and successes of particular approach European integration in the Past. This process of integration and the which it has followed have been keenly watched all over the world. Often, they have served as models for decades of European The achievemenls offour the regional groupings now coming into being in ev- integration of the globe. It can be said that Europe, the "ry "om"tfor the two greatest conflicts of the century, has In the 1950s, as the principles which were to lead to stige the Community invented a new form the Treaty of Rome were starting to take shape' the creating -ingovernment in the service of- peace. war was itill in everyone's mind' The deep psycho- of logical scars it left behind helped create a consensus That is the Community's real achievement' Safe- integra- as to the fundamental objectives of European guarding it is vital for the States which form the Euro- would have to be different from the join it' tion: the future fean Union today and those which aspire to past. i{o*.r"., the progress we have seen since the 1950s by dint ofconstant effort; and the The future has indeed turned out to be very different has been made oniy that it takes less energy to demol- from the past. Europe has been at peace' Despite the lesson of history ii

9l Bull. EU 5-1995 Institutional affairs

ish than to construct, and that no achievement is ever tion. The increase in Parliament's final. legislative powers Merely pointing to past achievements, then, is is another welcome development. not enough. But as decision-making has become more democratic, As always in the successive stages of building Europe, it has also become complex to an almost unacceptable what will be needed is determination from the Mem_ degree. The 20 or so procedures in use at present ber States and more and more determination on should be reduced to three the assent p.o"edu.", u the part of Europe's- - citizens: they must make their simplified codecision procedure,- and consultation. We voices-heard the in ongoing task of European integra- must put an end to the inconsistencies and ambiguities tion which concerns them so directly. which have so often sparked conflicts over procidural matters.

A twofold objective: democracy and In addition to democratic control at the level of the effectiveness Union, we need to find a way to involve national par_ liaments more directly and visibly in controlling and As we look at the analysis in the Commission,s guiding the narional choices that apply to rhe U;ion. report, two main elements emerge which will have to More generally, serve as guiding principles for the work of the forth_ we need to dispel the obscurity which coming Intergovernmental Conference: has descended on the Treaties as a result of suicessive additions being superimposed one on another. tr the Union must act democratically, transparently The time has come to simplify marters, and in a way people can understand; drafting the whole text anew to make it more comprehensible. This need tr the Union must act effectively, consistently and in for transparency is both a practical and a political ne_ solidarity; this is obvious when we are talking about cessity. its internal workings, but it must also be truE in its In the same spirit of openness, external dealings, where it will have to bring a genu_ the principle of subsid_ iarity, which ine European identity to bear. took pride of place in the Union Treaty, has begun to change the attitudes of the institutions. These, of course, were objectives of the original draf_ Debate on the distribution of powers and the grounds ters of the Treaty on European Union, buia look at for introducing each new proposal is becomirig more the way the Treaty works in practice shows that a regular. But we must go even further. All too often the great deal remains to be done. The prospect of a concept of subsidiarity is put forward for specific or Union expanded to include 20 or more Mem-ber States short-term ends as a way of diluting the Union. yet further underlines that necessity. subsidiarity can also be applied positivety, to justify measures which are better taken collectively Democracy comprises the very essence of the than in Union, isolation. The full political significance while effectiveness is the precondition for its future. of subsidi_ arity, as a commitment by the Member States and the That is why those are the two criteria for assessing institutions to find the best way of serving the citizens how the Treaty is working at the moment: and that of the Union, needs to be underlined. assessment, in its tum, will produce the major guide_ Iines the Commission will follow at rhe forthc;ming The legitimacy of the institutions also needs to be Intergovernmental Conference. strengthened. In this context, the Commission believes that Parliament should have the right to give One of the Treaty's basic innovations in terms of de_ its assent to any amendment to the Treatiei. mocracy is the concept of European citizenship. The object of this is nor to replace narional citizenship, but Lastly, a particular effort should be focused on mak_ to give Europe's citizens an added benefit and streng_ ing our institutional machinery more effective. In the then their.sense of belonging to the Union. The Treaty Commission's view, this means paying special atten_ makes citizenship an evolving concept, and the Com_ tion.to the,common foreign and security policy and to justice mission recommends developing it to the full. More_ and home affairs. Security at homL and abroad over, although the task of building Europe is centred are indeed legitimate priorities for every citizen. on democracy and human rights, citizens of the Union The very fact that two different have_ at this stage no fundamental working methods _ text which they can the Community approach invoke as a summary and the interlovernmental of their rights and duties. The approach Commission coexist in the same Treaty is a source of rhinks rhis gap should be filled, more incoherence.- especially Experience has confirmed the fears pre_ since such an instrument would constitute a viously expressed on this subject. The single insiitu_ powerful means of promoting equal opportunities and tional framework which was supposed to e-nsure combating racism and xenophobia. .pillars' har_ mony between the various of the Treaty has not functioned The Commission is delighted that the Union's demo_ satisfactorily. The proper lessons have to be cratic legitimacy has been strengthened. Making the drawn. Commission's appointment subject parliam"ent,s to The experience of the common foreign and security approval has been an important step in the right direc_ policy has been disappointing so far, although we

92 Bull. EU 5-1995 Institutional affairs should be wary of making final judgments after only riod to adjust to certain policies. In the Commission's 18 months of its existence. However, the fact is that view, however, this must be done within a single insti- the possibilities have not been used to best effect, tutional framework and must centre on a common owing to the weaknesses of the Treaty as well as over- objective. Those States concerned must play their part restrictive interpretation of its provisions. by not blocking any of their partners who wish to move ahead more quicklY. The Treaty sought to establish greater consistency between political and economic objectives of the Union, Permanent exemptions such as that now applying to but this has not been fully achieved. Adjustments will social policy, which in the last analysis have had the have to be made so that overlap between different regrettable effect of excluding the Social Chaner from instruments does not lead to paralysis. the Treaty, create a problem, as they raise the prospect of an ri la carte Europe, to which the Commission is The Union must develop a genuine common foreign utterly opposed. Allowing each country the freedom policy commensurate with its economic influence and to pick and choose the policies it takes part in would equipped with effective decision-making machinery; inevitably lead to a negation of Europe. this cannot be achieved through systematic recourse to unanimity. These, then, are the Commission's first thoughts on the forthcoming Intergovernmental Conference. The Treaty laid the foundation for such a policy, and the forthcoming Conference should be used to erect an The Commission is proposing a Europe in which the adequate framework for a genuine common security different tiers of authority cooperate democratically and defence policy, by building up the capabilities of and effectively to help solve the problems affecting the Western European Union and linking it to the ex- ordinary Europeans. isting common institutions. We want to see a strong and independent Europe, tak- Cooperation in justice and home affairs has been inef- ing up its rightful place in the world. Strength requires fectual and not only because of the lack of coherence intemal cohesion. Europe must be much more than the in the institutional framework. The instruments avail- sum of its parts. are inappropriate, and the problem is com- able In the new international situation, Europe's role as a pounded by the cumbersome decision-making process pole of stability is more important than ever. That is lack of openness. The Intergovem- and a complete what is expected of us, but for the moment as war mental Conference will offer an opportunity to under- continues to claim more victims on our continent- a radical overhaul of these zurangements. take we are unable to provide it. Europe must speak with- The reflections set out above show that the main issue one voice, if major challenges are to be tackled effec- during the Conference will not be an increase in the tively. powers. The Treaty of Maastricht added a Union's We want to see a Europe whose people recognize powers which make the Union a much number of themselves and each other, precisely because of their ambitious undertaking than it was in the past' more conviction that an active community with shared val- One example is economic and monetary union: here ues is the key to a peaceful and prosperous future, and the path has been mapped out and there should be no to a more just society for all. renewed discussion on the provisions agreed. The recent turbulence on the currency markets merely The Commission will make every effort to fulfil this serves to underline how vital this is. ambition. It has set itself the task of demonstrating the importance and the potential of this goal for ordinary The main focus will have to be on ways of improving Europeans and ensuring that the Member States and mechanisms. The increase in the decision-making the institutions are guided by a common interest' In number States and practical considerations ought of doing so, it will be fulfilling its duty as "guardian of to lead to wider use of the majority rule; this naturally the Treaty".' will be even more necessary for future enlargements. However, it is absolutely vital that we preserve the In the body of the report, the Commission exam- of States and nature of the Union as a true community ines the operation of the Treaty in terms of de- is no inbuilt majority or minority. peoples where there mocracy and transparency in the European Further enlargement will not only require the Union to Union, and the effectiveness and consistency of strengthen its decision-making capacity, but will also Union policies. Part One ('Democracy and force us to look more closely at the possibility of dif- transparency in the Union') deals with European ferent speeds of integration. This concept already ex- citizenship, the institutional response to the ists both in the context of economic and monetary demand for legitimacy, the complexity of the and in the system set up under the Schengen union process, the review function Agreement although the latter regrettably remains decision-making and outside the -Community framework. There is nothing (both judicial and budgetary), subsidiarity, unusual in allowing some Member States a longer pe- access to information and the clarity of Commu-

Bull. EU 5-1995 93 Institutional affairs

nity legislation. In Part Two ('Effectiveness and European Parliament. Its approval of the Commission consistency of the Union's policies') the Com- strengthens the Commission's legitimacy. The new mission examines internal and external policies, codecision procedure has proved operational and effective, both in areas of Community activity and in areas in conjunction with qualified-majority voting in the of intergovernmental cooperation, with partic- Council. It contains the principal ingredients of a balanced legislative regime. ular reference to the principal innovations (economic and monetary union, cooperation in the c. The Treaty also has its shortcomings, which are of field of justice and home affairs) and to the various kinds. strengthening of existing powers in certain pol- tr Some are probably not too serious because they icy areas (social policy, economic and social may be the result of the unavoidable running-in period cohesion, research and technological develop- of a Treaty which has not long been in force. These ment, the environment, trans-European net- would include certain shortcomings of the new, and indeed promising, concept works, development cooperation, common com- of Union citizenship: implementation has been far from complete and con- mercial policy). The Commission looks at both trasts sharply with the expectations generated. effectiveness in each of the new policy areas and consistency between the areas governed by dif- Some of the limitations of the foreign and security ferent working methods (Community and inter- policy can also be placed in the same category, this policy requiring governmental), particularly in the case of exter- more effective decision-making, and a more visible representation nal action. of the Union in the outside world, as well as the development of concerted The conclusions of the report are reproduced in practices, the ability ro analyse siruations jointly, and full below. systematic searching for the common interest. D Other inadequacies are the result of the failure to 'a. The Treaty on European Union in is composite apply the Treaty. These have nothing to do with the nature. It was initially intended to introduce economic Treaty itseli which has potential that has not been and monetary union, as a complement to the single exploited either by the Member States or by the insti- market. Consideration of further steps towards politi- tutions. For instance, the possibility which exists of cal union then became unavoidable, in response to the taking decisions by qualified majority in areas major upheavals that struck Europe at the turn of the covered by intergovernmental cooperation is unused. decade. The Treaty undoubtedly shows signs of these mixed origins. The common foreign and security policy is the flag- ship area in which this regrettable phenomenon Notwithstanding the confusion and the fears that were has developed. The loss in terms of impact and created, together with a background of economic diffi- identity on the international scene is considerable and the cost in culties, the Treaty was endorsed by the peoples and public opinion far too high. parliaments of first l2 and then l5 different countries. This would suggest that it represents a suitable point The conclusion this suggests is disturbing: minimalist of balance. interpretation or the refusal to make use of all the pos- The Treaty on European Union is innovative: it lays sibilities of effective action is subverting the true the foundations for a real union and contains tire spirit of the Treaty. essential components of a unique political edifice. The tr The Treaty also has some real structural weak- finding of this report is that the Treaty is good in nesses. parts. The many different types of procedure which exist b. On some essential points the Treaty has produced the result of successive compromises detract from- substantial benefits. the effectiveness of deciston-making, make- the Treaty o Economic and monetary union has entered the difficult to understand, and make it unclear who is re- second stage on schedule. Here the Treaty is not just a sponsible for what. The complexity of the Treaty's senes of statements of principle but a set of instruc- structure and of its decision-making systems, together tions for the introduction of a single currency by the with the general lack of transparency, are obvious turn of the century. The credibility of this grand ven- handicaps. ture is now established. The recent upheavals on the foreign exchanges. far from calhng it into question, The agreement on social policy between l4 Member make it more necessary than ever. Economic and States is a dangerous precedent for the operation and monetary union is also an example of individual cohesion of the Union in that all the Member States Member States advancing at their own pace towards do not share the same objective. an agreed objective. The serious inadequacies of the provisions on justice o The Union has functioned more democratically, and home affairs also belong to this category: neither mainly because of the enhanced role played by the the legal instruments provided nor the administrative

94 Bull. EU 5-1995 Institutional affairs stmctures set up appear capable of satisfying the need implement effective and cohesive common for- for coordination in this area. eign and security and justice and home affairs policies, and institutional mechanisms designed d. The Commission therefore has to express two con- have not been proper- cems: for a Europe of six which adapted since. tr first, the less than convincing experience with inter- ly the second and third governmental cooPeration under In the first part of its resolution, which deals pillars suggests that there can be no question of trying the Union's policies and objectives, Parlia- to accommodate further enlargements with the present with of the Union's arrangements for their operation; ment advocates the strengthening policy framework to respond to econo- tr moreover, it is not certain that the Treaty has existing and to enhance the actually brought the Union closer to the general pub- mic and political change lic: the subsidiarity principle has in some instances Union's credibility in the eyes of its citizens, been used for other than its intended purpose, and conceivable only if the three pillars are merged there is still a shortage of openness in the fields ofjus- within a single institutional framework. Parlia- tice and home affairs. ment would also like a unified and simplified and more logical structure. e. The 1996 Intergovernmental Conference will be the Treaty with a clearer opportunity to make the necessary adjustments. But considers that there should be a more until the Treaty has been amended, its provisions will Parliament policy within continue to apply and the Commission will remain its effective European Union foreign guardian. the framework of the Community pillar, integrating the common commercial policy, devel- For the moment, it has to be applied to the best pos- opment cooperation, humanitarian aid and CFSP effect. Each Member State, and each institution, sible common defence policy should can help to improve the operation of the existing sys- matters. The and its tem by rediscovering the will and the imagination that guarantee that the borders of the Union constructive collaboration implies. Member States are safeguarded and enable the Union, which in the scheme of things would in- This is the spirit which the Commission would like to herit the Western European Union's powers, to see prevail, both in the application of the Treaty pro- responsibilities. should be visions and in the preparation of the 1996 Intergovern- carry through its It Member mental Conference.' possible for a qualified majority of sEc(gs) 731 States to undertake humanitarian, diplomatic or military action, which would qualify as a'joint 1.9.2. Parliament resolution on the functioning action', with guarantees that no Member State of the Treaty on European Union with a view to could be forced to take part if it does not wish to the 1996 Intergovernmental Conference do so, nor should it be able to prevent the major- implementation and development of the Union. ity from taking such action. Parliament would be involved in Reference: Parliament resolution on progress in also like the Commission to fully implementing the common foreign and security the definition of the CFSP, with a right of initia- policy: point 1.4.1 of this Bulletin tive and implementing power, and democratic accountability for the CFSP to be shared be- the request Adopted on 17 May. In response to tween the European Parliament and the national from the Corfu European Council Parliament parliaments. Finally, Parliament proposes the es- Treaty on Euro- reports on the functioning of the tablishment of a European Civil Peace Corps to facing pein Union. With European integration contribute to conflict prevention. new challenges, which call for new initiatives from the European Union, Parliament stresses In the fields of justice and home affairs, Parlia- the threefold institutional challenge facing the ment would like decisions on asylum and immi- Union at the Intergovernmental Conference: gration policy, the crossing of the Member tackling a democratic deficit, redefining the States' external frontiers and action against drug decision-making process and preparing the abuse to be brought progressively within the Union for future enlargement, without slowing Community domain. down the integration process or watering down union the progress already made' Among the principal As regards economic and monetary deficiencies of the Treaty, Parliament cites the (EMU), it feels that the timetable should be criteria should lack of openness and full democratic account- maintained and the convergence pro- ability of the Council, the lack of and failure to not be modified. However, monetary policy

95 Bull. EU 5-1995 Institutional affairs

visions should have their counterweight in rein- Commission and proposes that there should con- forced economic policy coordination. In the case tinue to be at least one Commissioner per Mem- of Member States which, while not fulfilling the ber State, that Parliament itself should elect the convergence criteria, have nevertheless pursued President of the Commission from a list of economic policies in line with them and have names put forward by the European Council, shown genuine willingness to move towards the and that it should also be able to request the third stage of EMU. the Union should give its compulsory retirement of individual Commis- political backing to their efforts and provide all sioners. Turning to the Council, parliament calls the necessary aid to enable them to achieve for greater transparency, improved public access those objectives. Parliament also calls for the to documents and further extension of qualified setting-up of an Employmenr Committee, with majority voting. In the case of parliament itself, the same powers as the Monetary Committee, to Parliament would like the number of Members work towards full employment. not to exceed 700, a common statute to be established for MEPs, and partnership Greater substance should be provided for the between the European Parliament and national parliaments concept of EU citizenship through the devel- to be strengthened. opment of special rights (right to information, It wants equal status with the Council in all economic rights, equal treatment, protection of fields of EU legislative and budgetary competence, and increased traditional national minorities). Furthermore, the control over matters relating to the CFSP, justice Treaty should contain a clear rejection of racism and home affairs, and EMU. In the case the and xenophobia. The Union should also streng- of Court of Justice, Parliament calls powers then its existing policies, such as the common for its to be extended to the areas covered by Titles agricultural policy and its policies on the envi- V and VI of the Treaty on European ronment and economic and social cohesion. Union and to the Schengen Agreement. also advocates Finally, Parliament stresses the need to preserve It more flexible internal operating Europe's cultural and linguistic diversity. arrangements to cope with the increase in workload and the prospect In the second part of its resolution, which deals of enlargement. Finally, Parliament would like with the institutions of the Union, parliament the role of the Committee of the Regions in emphasizes the importance of maintaining the drawing up policies within its remit to be streno- single institutional framework, unifying the ex- thened. isting Treaties (by incorporating the relevant In the third part of its resolution, parliament ex- features of the ECSC and Euratom Treaties, the amines the Union's decision-making process. As CFSP and cooperation in the fields of justice regards the legislative function, parliament and home affairs into the unified treaty, subject would like only three decision-making proce- to certain transitional measures) and giving the dures (codecision, assent and consultation): the Union legal personality. proves If it impossible assent procedure should be restricted to Treaty to reach a positive conclusion at the Intergovern- revision, international agreements, enlargement mental Conference owing to failure to reach a and adjustments to own resources; the consulta- unanimous decision, consideration should be tion procedure should be restricted to decisions given to the possibility of proceeding without in the field of the common foreign and security the minority, and possibly providing instruments policy; and the codecision procedure should to enable a Member State to leave the European apply in all other areas. Parliament would also Union subject meeting to certain criteria. The like the codecision procedure to be simplified Intergovernmental Conference should concen- and proposes various ways in which this could trate not on transferring new powers to the insti- be achieved. It calls for the introduction of a hie- tutions but on clarifying their respective roles rarchy of norms to reduce the volume of draft and achieving an appropriate interinstitutional legislation submitted to parliament and to the balance. With regard to reviewing the composi- Council, for the simplification of existing com- tion of the institutions in the interests of effi- mittee procedures, and for consolidation of the ciency, Parliament stresses the need to take ac- articles of the Treaty dealing with international count of the interests of both small and large agreements. Parliament also proposes several Member States. It then looks at each of the insii- amendments to the budgetary legislation and tutions in turn. It emphasizes the importance of calls for reinforcement of the function of con- reasserting the role and independence of the trol, particularly the introduction of tougher

96 Bull. EU 5-1995 Institutional affairs measures to combat fraud and other infringe- the hearing of cases by a single judge, the set- ments of Union law. ting-up of specialized chambers and an increase in the number of judges. It also mentions the In the fourth part of its resolution, which deals rules for appointing judges and calls for the with the prospects for enlargement, Parliament Treaty to be amended to include an appropriate reserves the right to put forward any proposals reference to the Court for instance in Article which may prove necessary in order to take bet- 4, which lists the Community- institutions. ter account of the implications of enlargement and not to undermine the principles of competition, cooperation and solidarity, which have always been fundamental to European integra- Democracy, transparency and tion. subsidiarity Finally, in the fifth part of its resolution, which covers follow-up measures, Parliament calls for Access to documents as open a debate as possible during the Reflec- on transparency. tion Group phase and during the negotiations 1.9.5. Council conclusions and for the strengthening of the roles of both the References: national parliaments and the European Parlia- Conclusions of the Edinburgh European Coun- ment. cil: Bull. 12-1992, point I.24 oJ c l5l, 19.6.1995 Interinstitutional declaration on democracy, transparency and subsidiarity: Bull. l0-1993, 1.9.3. Court of Justice report on the operation point 1.6.8 of the Treaty on European Union. Code of conduct concerning public access to Council and Commission documents (93l73OlEC) Adopted on 17 May. The Court of Justice con- and Council Decision 93l73ltBc on public centrates on the European Union's judicial sys- access to Council documents: OJ L 34O' tem. It first describes the role of national and 31.12.1993; Bull. l2-1993, point 1.7.6 Community courts, and then assesses the effects Adopted on 29 May. The Council reaffirmed its of the application of the Union Treaty. Finally, it to work towards greater transpar- on the possible revision of Treaty determination comments ency proceedings within the guidelines provisions relating to the judicial system (parti- of framed by the European Council without under- cularly access to the preliminary-ruling proce- mining the effectiveness of the decision-making dure and the number of judges and their term of process. It stressed that the outcome of votes on office) and on the repercussions of certain legislative acts is now made public as a matter amendments envisaged, such as changes in the of course and promised to hold debates which nomenclature of acts and the introduction of a are broadcast to the public on important matters hierarchy of norms and a bill of fundamental affecting the interests of the Union or on major human rights. new legislative proposals more frequently, to 1.9.4. Court of First Instance report on the op- ensure that the press and the public are regularly eration of the Treaty on European Union. and fully briefed prior to each of its meetings, and to facilitate public access to the minutes of Adopted on 17 May. The Court of First Instance its meetings. starts off its report with observations on the progressive extension of its role and jurisdiction since it was set up in 1989, and goes on to stress the need for measures to ensure the proper ad- Interinstitutional relations ministration of justice and to enable it to per- form the task for which it was set up - to 1.9.6. Proposal for a code of conduct for the improve judicial protection for the individual Commission and the Member States in the and to alleviate the caseload of the Court of Jus- World Trade Organization 1+ point 1.4.16). tice. The Court proposes a number of options which might resolve the problems arising out of 1.9.7. Parliament decision amending Rule 159 the increasing volume of Community litigation' of its Rules of Procedure on appointment of the such as the appointment of assistant rapporteurs, Ombudsman (- point 1.10.1).

Bull. EU 5-1995 97 10. Community institutions

Parliament In her address to a special sitting of Parliament, Mrs Robinson, President of Ireland, reaffirmed her country's commitment to the European Union and its historical Rules of procedure and cultural links with the continent of Europe. She thanked the Euro- pean Union in general and Parliament in partic- 1.10.1. Parliament decision amending Rule ular for its support for the peace process in 159 of its Rules of Procedure on appointment of Northern Ireland, and stressed the need for the the Ombudsman. Union to find a lasting political solution to the conflict Reference: Parliamenr Decision 941262/ECSC, in the former Yugoslavia. She also iden- EC, Euratom on the regulations and general con- tified as the main challenge facing the Union the ditions governing the performance of the Om- search for a coherent response to the dual threat budsman's duties: OJ L ll3, 4.5.1994; Bull. of unemployment and social exclusion. 3-1994, pornt 1.1.2 Under Article J.7 of the Treaty on European Adopted on l6 May. Union Parliament adopted a proposal for a recommendation to the Council on the outcome of 1.10.2. Parliament decision amending Rule the Pact on Stabiliry in Europe (- point 1.4.3). 52(5) of its Rules of Procedure on delegation of the power of decision to committees. Parliament gave its assent to the conclusion of an agreement with the United States on govern- Adopted on l6 May. ment procurement ( ' point 1.3.22). On the human rights front, Parliament adopted seven resolutions on the situation in Rwanda, Strasbourg, 15 to 19 May Equatorial Guinea. and Tibet, the murder in Pakistan of Iqbal Masih, the organization of the 1.10.3. The high points of the May part-ses- Fourth World Conference on Women in Beijing, sion were the debate on the 1996 Intergovern- support for Algerian women, and the elections mental Conference and the address by Mrs Rob- in Guinea (- points 1.2.5 to l.2.ll). inson, President of Ireland. In the budgetary field, the House adopted a reso- In response to the request from the Corfu Euro- lution on the estimates of revenue and expendi- pean Council in June I994, Parliament adopted, ture of Parliament and the Ombudsman for the by 288 votes to 103 and 76 abstentions. a 45- 1996 financial year 1- point 1.6.1). point resolution on the functioning of the Treaty On the institutional front, Parliament adopted on European Union with a view to the 1996 two decisions amending its Rules of procedure, Intergovernmental Conference (+ point 1.9.2). one on delegation of the power of decision to Mr Santer. President of the Commission. committees ( point l.l}.2) and the other on Mr Van den Broek and Mr Oreja attended the ' appointment of the Ombudsman (+ point marathon debate, in the course of which r.r0.l). Mr Oreja congratulated Parliament on the quality of the work it had performed under difficult In the legislative field, under the consultation conditions. Rejecting the notion of a 'Europe 2r procedure Parliament gave its opinion on agri- la carte', he pointed out that it was the Commis- cultural prices for the 1995/96 financial year ( > par- sion's aim to cooperate constructively with point I .3.97).It also gave its opinion on propos- liament within a European Union acting as a sta- als for Regulations on increasing the total quan- bilizing factor in the new international order. tities fixed for Greece, Spain and Italy within the

98 Bull. EU 5-1995 Council framework of the additional levy system in the of handicapped children in the Brussels I Euro- milk and milk products sector 1+ point l'3.107)' pean School, whaling 1+ point 1.3.92), the the intervention threshold mechanism in the Green Paper on mobile and personal communi- fresh fruit and vegetable sector (+ point cations 1+ point 1.3.82), the Green Paper on the 1.3.103), the common organization of the mar- liberalization of telecommunications infrastruc- ket in dried fodder 1+ point 1.3.102), the addi- ture (- point 1.3.80) and the introduction of the tional levy in the milk sector (+ point 1.3.106)' ecu as legal tender 1+ point 1.3.8). It also a support system for producers of certain arable adopted resolutions on the outbreak of the Ebola crops (+ point 1.3.99), the system of aid for cot- virus in Zaire (- point 1.4. 109), the bad weather as- in Greece and Ponugal (- points 1.3.128 and ton (-+ point 1.3.105), Community structural + sistance in the fisheries and aquaculture sector l.3.l3l), the earthquake in Greece ( point eruption Cape 1+ point 1.3.52), a NAFO pilot observer scheme 1.3.129) and the volcanic in in the north-west Atlantic ( + point l.3.ll9)' Verde (- point 1.4.59). fishing off the coast of Senegal point 1+ Finally, it delivered an opinion on the change of l.3.ll7), the Staff Regulations, and the Euro- the legal basis of the proposal for a Directive on pean Agency for Safety and Health at Work, a the landfill of waste 1+ point 1.3.88). proposal for a Decision granting a Community Record of proceedings: guarantee to the EIB for loans for projects in OJ Annex No 4-457 South Africa and a proposal for a Directive on and resolutions: statistical returns in respect of carriage of goods Full text of opinions and passengers by sea (point 1.7.4). oJ c l5l, 19.6.1995 Under the cooperation procedure Parliament adopted a decision at second reading on the Council common position on the proposal for a Directive concerning international standards for ship safety 1+ point 1.3.75). Council Under the codecision procedure Parliament delivered opinions at first reading on proposals for 1846th meeting Directives on the application of open network 1.10.4. Economic and financial affairs (Brus- provision (ONP) to voice telephony (- point sels, 22 May). 1.3.83), the characteristics of two- or three- wheel motor vehicles 1+ point 1.3.13), the indi- Previous meeting: Bull. 3-1995, point 1.10.9 cation of the prices of foodstuffs and non-food French Minister for products point 1.3.134) and cross-border President: Mr Madelin, 1+ Economic Affairs and Finance. transfers 1+ point 1.3.17), and on three propos- networks in als for Decisions on trans-European Commission: Mr Santer, Mr de Silguy, Mrs Gra- points the energy and transport sectors (+ din, Mr Kinnock, Mr Liikanen and Mr Monti. 1.3.59 to 1.3.61). lt also approved, at third reading, the joint texts for two Directives' one on the limitation of noise emitted by excavators (+ Main items point 1.3.94) and the other on prudential super- tr Investor compensation schemes: common po- vision ( + point 1.3.18). sition on the proposal for a Directive agreed by qualified majority; German delegation voted Parliament adopted resolutions on the situation ( + point 1.3.16). in the former Yugoslavia 1+ point 1.4.72), the against breakdown of peace negotiations in Sri Lanka I Macro-financial loans to Ukraine: conclu- 1+ point 1.4.97), the Middle East peace process sions adopted (+ point 1.4.88). 1'+ point 1.4.77). an enhanced European Union policy towards Mercosur 1+ point 1.4. l0l), the Other business Europol Convention (+ point 1.5.1), implementation of the common foreign and security policy I Fraud legal protection of the Communi- - on a (- point 1.4. l), the kidnapping of Jos6 Maria ties' financial interests: broad agreement Aldaya by ETA 1+ point 1.5.2), the integration proposal for a Regulation.

99 Bull. EU 5-1995 Council

tr Trans-European networks: progress report. tr Relations with Russia: exchange of views. tr Agrimonetary system: Regulation adopted. tr Relations with Ukraine: exchange of views. I Spring 1995 macroeconomic forecasts: com- ! Situation in the former Yugoslavia: report. munication presented. D Mid-term review of the fourth ACp-EC Con- D Financial perspective: delegation statements. vention and the eighth EDF: progress reporr. a COzlenergy tax: exchange of views. n Negotiations with Israel, Morocco and Egypt: tr Economic statistics: progress report. progress report. tr Economic situation of the countries of Central tr Preparations for Euro-Mediterranean Confe- and Eastern Europe and the Baltic States and rence: report. their integration into the internal market: ex- tr Canada negotiations pursuant to Article change of views. XXIV:6 of -GATT: proposal examined. D Nuclear cooperation agreement between Eur- l847th meeting atom and the United States: communication presented. 1.10.5. General affairs (Brussels, 29May). tr Association Council with Slovakia: prepara- Previous meeting: Bull. 4-1995, poinr 1.10.7 tions. President: Mr de Charette, French Minister for tr Association Council with Bulgaria: prepara- Foreign Affairs, and Mr Barnier, French Minis- tions. ter with special responsibility for European tr European Economic Area: preparations Affairs. for the third Council meering. Commission: Mr Santer, Sir Leon Brittan, Mr Marfn, Mr Pinheiro and Mr Van den Broek. lM8th meeting

Main items 1.10.6. Agriculture (Brussels, 29May). Previous meeting: Bull. 4-1995, point 1.10.3 tr Human rights clauses in Community agreements with non-member countries: conclusions President: Mr Vasseur, French Minister for adopted 1-+ point 1.2.3). Agriculture, Fisheries and Food. tr European Union policy towards the Baltic Sea region: conclusions adopted (+ point Commission: Mr Fischler. t.4.7O). tr Situation in Bosnia Herzegovina: declaration Main items adopted (+ point 1.4.6). I Setting of basic and buying-in prices u lnclusion of Croatia in the Phare programme: for cauliflowers, peaches, nectarines, proposal for a Regulation agreed (- point apricots, lemons 1.4.71). and tomatoes: Regulation adopted(+ point 1.3.98). a Europe and Japan: next stepsi conclusions n Retroactive adopted (+ poinr 1.4.91). extension of Regulation on milk products: Regulation adopted qualified tr Dispute by between Japan and the United States majority (+ point 1.3.107). in the motor vehicle sector: conclusions adopted 1+ point 1.4.92). Other business Other business tr Agrimonetary problems: detailed discussion. E Transparency of Council proceedings: tr Agricultural prices and related measures for detailed discussion. 1995196 examined. n White Paper on the integration of the coun- ! Cotton: examined. tries Central of and Eastern Europe into the tr Consolidation of milk quotas for Italy and internal market: communication presented. Greece: examined.

100 Bull. EU 5-1995 European Investment Bank

o Reform of the common organization of the waterway transport market 1--+ point 1.3.72). lt market in wine: discussed. also adopted a communication on a methodol- o Penalty mechanism oilseeds: discussed. ogy for the implementation of information - society applications (--+ point 1.3.78) and tr set-aside: exchange of views. Extraordinary approved a communication on the Info 20fi) tr Protection of animals during transport: dis- programme to stimulate the development of a cussed. European multimedia content industry in the emerging information society 1--+ point 1.3.84). On the external relations front it adopted two communications and two draft common positions on the future of relations with Russia and with the Transcaucasian republics 1--+ points Commission 1.4.78 and 1.4.79) and a communication on the strengthening of relations between the European Union and Chile (+ point 1.4.102). Finally, it adopted its report on the operation of the Treaty Proposals adopted on European Union for the Reflection Group set up to prepare for the 1996 Intergovernmental 1.10.7. The Commission adopted a proposal Conference (+ point 1.9.1). for a Regulation adopting a multiannual programme to promote international cooperation in the energy sector (Synergy) (- point 1.3.65). Other decisions On the transport front, it adopted a proposal for a Directive and two proposals for Regulations The Commission adopted a recommen- on a common policy on the organization of the 1.10.9. inland waterway transport market point dation for the broad guidelines of the economic 1+ policies of the Member States and the Commu- 1.3.72).It also adopted a proposal for a Decision nity point 1.3.9) and a White Paper on pre- on a series of guidelines for trans-European tele- 1--+ paring the associated countries of Central and communications networks (+ point 1.3.78). On Eastem Europe for integration into the intemal the environment front it adopted an amended market of the European Union point 1.4.63). proposal for a Directive introducing a tax on 1'-+ carbon dioxide emissions and energy 1-+ point 1.3.85). Finally, it adopted a proposal for a Reg- ulation regulating compensation for reductions in the agricultural conversion rates of certain national currencies (+ point 1.3.96). European Investment Bank

Communications, Green Papers and reports Financing 1.10.10. May, the European Investment 1.10.8. The Commission adopted a Green Pa- In Bank granted loans totalling ECU 42l3mil- per on the practical arrangements for the intro- I lion. duction of the single currency (- point 1.3.7). It adopted a communication on the inclusion of a clause on respect for human rights in intema- European Union tional agreements concluded by the Community (+ point 1.2.2).ln the research freld it adopted a Links with Union policies communication on prospects for cooperation in science and technology with the new independ- Loans were made for the following measures: ent States 1--+ point 1.3.46) and in the field of transport it adopted a communication on a com- o ECU 495 million for the economic develop- mon policy on the organization of the inland ment of disadvantaged regions;

Bull. EU 5-1995 r0l European Investment Bank tr ECU 140.5 million for the improvement of tr ECU 16.2 million in the form of global loans transport and telecommunications infrastructures for the financing of small and medium-scale of benefit to the Community; projects, mostly in the new lcinder. o ECU 394 million for environmental protection and improvement of the quality of life; Greece o ECU 369 million for the pursuit of Commu- nity objectives in the field of energy. tr ECU 6.6 million in the form of global loans for the financing of small and medium-scale The Bank also continued its operations to sup- projects in industry, tourism and the service port small businesses: a total of ECU 869 mil- sector. lion has been granted in global loans since the beginning of the year. Spain In many cases individual loans come under sev- o eral Union policies; some are therefore counted ECU 57 million for upgrading and moderniz- more than once in the above amounts. ing the electricity network in Catalonia; n ECU 69.9 million (including ECU l7 million under the Edinburgh Geographical breakdown financial mechanism) for the construction of a municipal waste inciner- ation centre at Son Reus, Majorca; Denmark tr ECU 88.1 million (including ECU 29.4 mil- o ECU 66.5 million for modernizing and lion under the Edinburgh financial mechanism) expanding the capacity of the Kalundborg refin- for the installation of a hydrodesulphurization ery; unit at a refinery in Cddiz and a combined steam power plant o ECU 27.8 million for upgrading the digital and at a refinery in Tenerife; switching and fibre optic transmission system of o ECU 29.4 million (including ECU 8.2 million the Sjaelland and Bornholm telephone networks. under the Edinburgh financial mechanism) for the commissioning of a hydrodesulphurization unit at a refinery in Huelva. Germany o ECU 44.5 million (including ECU mil- l5.l France lion under the Edinburgh financial mechanism) for the construction of waste water collection fa- tr ECU 6.2 million for the modernization of a cilities in the Eisenach area (Thuringia); waste water purification plant in Belfort; o ECU 54 million in the form of global loans o ECU 38.5 million for the construction of two for the financing of small and medium-scale sections of road in Guadeloupe (Port de Jarry projects; Raizet Airport and the Petit-Bourg by-pass); - tr ECU 27 million in the form of global loans tr ECU 77 million for the construction of a car for the financing of small and medium-scale engine factory in Douvrain (Pas-de-Calais). projects; tr ECU 129.7 million for the new 'east' terminal Italy at Frankfurt international airport; n ECU 16.2 million in the form of global loans n ECU 22 million in the form of global loans for the financing of small and medium-scale for the financing of small and medium-scale projects; projects; tr ECU 5.5 million for the renovation and con- tr ECU 262 million in the form of global loans struction of waste water collection and treatment to finance the rebuilding of infrastructure, build- facilities and two sewerage plants in the Rodul- ings and manufacturing businesses damaged by stadt and Saalfeld areas (Thuringia); the floods in November 1994; tr ECU 27 million for the expansion of the con- tr ECU 5.2 million for the extension of an inter- tainer vessel terminal at the port of Bremerha- modal terminal near Bologna (Emilia- ven; Romagna);

102 Bull. EU 5-1995 Economic and Social Committee tr ECU 7 million for domestic waste water col- Economic and Social lection and treatment facilities in the provinces of Salerno and Benevento; Committee I ECU 87.3 million for completion of the second trans-Mediterranean gas pipeline across the Sicilian Channel. 326th plenary session United Kingdom n ECU 120.5 million in the form of global 1.10.11. The Economic and Social Committee loans for the financing of small and medium- held its 326th plenary session on 31May and scale projects. I June, chaired in turn by Mr Laur, Mr Ferrer and Mr Nielsen and attended by Mr Van Miert Outside the European Union for the Commission. Cooperation and development policy Mr Van Miert explained to the Committee the purpose of the draft Directive on the use of cable ACP countries television networks, namely to abolish restric- COte d'Ivoire tions in the Member States on concessions granted He set out the arguments in a ECU 30 million to the Sociitd nationale to users. in this area, espe- d'opirations pitroliires for the exploitation of favour of Commission action reduce the price of telecom- oilfields. cially the need to munication services, kept high by the existence Jamaica of a monopoly, and demand for the development I ECU 7 million for the extension of an indus- of multimedia services. trial free zone; 1.10.12. The Economic and Social Committee the financing of projects I ECU 12 million for debated and adopted: by small businesses in industry, agro-industry, tourism, mines, transport and related services. tr opinions on the following: Madagascar the use of cable television networks (+ - point 1.3.81); tr ECU 3.5 million for the expansion of a prawn farm in the Mahajamba delta. the transport of dangerous goods by rail 1+ - point 1.3.69); Uganda harmonized consumer price indices 1-+ point n ECU l5 million for the financing of small and - 1.1.2); projects by private enterprise in medium-scale slsss-[e1der transfers of funds point industry, agro-industry, horti- 1+ the manufacturing - r.3.t7); culture, tourism, mines and quarries, and related services. the system of aid for cotton 1+ point - 1.3.105); Netherlands Antilles the annual quota for the import of bananas n ECU 2.5 million in the form of global loans - following the accession of Austria, Finland for the financing of small and medium-scale and Sweden 1+ point 1.3.104); projects. plant variety rights (+ point - Community Cooperation with the countries of Central r.3.95); and Eastern Europe measures in the fisheries and aquaculture - sector (+ point 1.3.53); Romania criteria and arrangements regarding Commu- n ECU 80 million for modernization of the tele- - nity structural assistance in the fisheries and communications network. aquaculture sector (+ point 1.3.52); Slovakia tr an own-initiative opinion on relations be- a ECU 30 million for expanding and upgrading tween the European Union and Albania 1+ point gas production and distribution. t.4.65).

Bull. EU 5-1995 103 Economic and Social Committee

1.10.13. The Economic and Social Committee the European Agency for Safety and Health adopted without debate: - at Work; the common organization of the market in D opinions on the following: - cereals and a quota system in relation to the open network provision (ONP) (+ point production of potato starch (+ point - 1.3.83); 1.3.100); vehicles hired - without drivers 1+ point - the conservation of fishery resources in the 1.3.1t); Baltic Sea 1 + point 1.3.12O); RO-RO passenger vessels 1+ point 1.3.76): the intervention threshold mechanism in the - - fresh vegetables the fifth report on the social and economic fruit and sector (+ point I .3. 103); - situation of the regions ( + point 1.3.49); the common organization of the market the collection of statistical information in the in - dried fodder + point - field of tourism (+ point 1.7.5); 1 l.3.lo2); actions in favour of older people point Northern Ireland (r point 1.3.55); 1+ - - 1.3.127); structural business statistics (+ point 1.7.3); - - restrictions on the marketing and use of cer- - the taxation of agricultural outputs - VAT tain dangerous substances and preparations (* point 1.3.20); 1+ point 1.3.14a).

104 Bull. EU 5-1995 ffi&ffiT TWffi DOCUMENTATION 1. The ecu

Values in national currencies of ECU I

May 1995 1

BFR/ Belgian franc and LFR Luxembourg franc 38.2840 DKR Danish krone 7.28261 DM German mark 1.86040 DR Greek drachma 301.496 ESC Portuguese escudo t95.945 FF French franc 6.581 l3 FMK Finnish markka 5.70542 HFL Dutch guilder 2.08265 IRL Irish pound 0.815580 LIT Italian lira 2t82.77 OS Austrian schilling 13.0835 PTA Spanish peseta 162.790 SKR Swedish krona 9.64488 UKL Pound sterling 0.832289 AUD Australian dollar 1.81506 CAD Canadian dollar 1.79794 ISK Icelandic kr6na 84.3606 NKR Norwegian krone 8.31414 NZD New Zealand dollar 1.97922 SFR Swiss franc 1.54276 USD United States dollar 1.32164 YEN Japanese yen 1t2.249 ZAR South African rand 4.83924

' Average for the month OJ C 134. 1.6.1995

NB: Explanatory notes on the ecu and 'green' rates can be found in Bull. 7/8-1982, points 3.1.1 to 3.1.3, and Bull.9-1989, point 2.1.3.

106 Bull. EU 5-1995 The ecu

Representative rates ('green' rates)

Conversion rates into national currencies for the ecu used in connection with the common agricultural policy

May 1995

Value Value in national in national National currency/sector National currency/sector cutTency currency of ECU I ofECU I

BFR/ Belgian franc and HFL Dutch guilder 2.t9672 LFR Luxembourg franc - All products All products 40.8337 - IRL lrish pound All products DKR Danish krone - 0.829498 All products 7.74166 - LIT Italian lira All products 23tt.t9 DM German mark - All products 1.94962 - OS Austrian schilling All products 13.7r90 DR Greek drachma - - All products 302.837 PTA Spanish peseta All products 170.165 ESC Portuguese escudo - r98.202 - All products SKR Swedish krona - All products 9.91834 FF French franc UKL Pound sterling - All products 6.61023 - All products 0.836385 FMK Finnish markka o.84W97 on 15.5.1995 - All products 5.88000

107 Bull. EU 5-1995 2. Additional references in the official Journal

2.2.1. This section lists the titles of legal Commission Decision g4l|OTZ|ECSC of l3 December instruments, communications and notices that 1994 authorizing the granting by Spain of aid to the have appeared recently in the Official Journal coal industry in respect of 1994 but relate to items appearing in earlier issues of oJ L 385, 31.t2.1994 the Bulletin; the references were not available when those issues went to press. Point 1.2.124 The number of the Bulletin and the point to which this additional information refers are fol- Proposal for a Council Directive lowed by on access to the the title shown on the cover of the groundhandling market at Community airports Official Journal, the number of the issue and the ol c 142,8.6.1995 date of publication.

Butl. 7/8-1994 Point 1.2.191

Point 1.2.72 Proposal for a Council Regulation (EC) amending Regulation (EEC) No 3928192 establishing a NAFO Commission Decision g4tlO6BtEC of 27 July 1994 pilot observer scheme applicable to Community concerning aid granted to the Volkswagen group for ves_ sels operating in the Regulatory Area the investments in the new German of Nonh_ liinder West Atlantic Fisheries oJ L 385, 31.12.t994 Organization oJ c 128, 24.5.1995

Bull. 12-1994 Bull. 1/2-1995 Point 1.2.29

Proposal for a European Parliament and Council Directive to facilitate practice of the profession of Point 1.3.24 lawyer on a permanent basis in a Membir State other than that in which the qualification was obtained Commission oJ c 128, 24.5.1995 Decision 95/188/EC of 30January 1995 relating to a proceeding under Article g5 of the EC Treaty Point 1.2.78 ot L 122,2.6.1995 Commission Decision g4llOTllEC of 13 December 1994 on the proposal of the United Kingdom to award aid to Carpets Intemational (UK) plc (formerly Point 1.3.107 Abingdon Carpets plc), Gwent oJ L 385, 31.12.1994 Proposal for a Council Directive concerning the qual_ ity of water intended for human consumptiron Point 1.2.87 oJ c 13l, 30.5.1995 Commission Recommendation g4fiO69lEC of 7 December 1994 on the transfer of small and medium-sized enterprises Point 1.4.102 oJ L 385, 3t.12.1994 Proposal for a Council Regulation (Euratom, EC) con_ Poinr 1.2.114 cerning the provision of assistance to economic reform and recovery in the new independent States Commission Decision 94I1070/ECSC of l3 December and Mongolia 1994 on German aid to the coal industry for 1994 oJ c 134, 1.6.1995 r08 Bull. EU 5-1995 Additionat references in the Official Journal

Bull. 3-1995 Points 1.10.23 and 1.10.24 Opinions adopted by the Economic and Social Com- Point 1.3.19 mittee at its 324th plenary session on 29 and Proposal for a European Parliament and Council 30 March Directive amending Directive 92l5OtEEC relating to oJ c 133, 31.5.1995 the coordination of procedures for the award of public service contracts, Directive 93l36tEEC coordinating procedures for the award of public supply contracts Bull. 4-1995 ind Directive 93137|EEC conceming the coordination of public work contracts of procedures for the award Point 1.3.63 Proposal for a European Parliament and Council of the European Parliament Directive amending Directive 93l38tEEC coordinat- Proposal for a Decision adapting Decision No lll0/94lEC ing the procurement procedures of entities operating and the Council fourth framework programme of the in the water, energy, transport and telecommunica- conceming the Community activities in the field of tions sectors European and technological development and demon- oJ c 138, 3.6.1995 research stration (1994-98) following the accession to the European Union of the Republic of Austria, the Re- 1.3.68 Point public of Finland and the Kingdom of Sweden Amended proposal for a European Parliament and adapting Decision 94l Council Decision establishing a European Year of Proposal for a Council Decision framework programme of Lifelong Leaming (1996) 268/Euratom concerning a activities in the field of research and oJ c 134, 1.6.1995 Community training for the European Atomic Energy Community (1994-98) following the accession to the European Point 1.3.79 Union of the Republic of Austria, the Republic of Fin- Proposal for a Council Directive concerning the Com- land and the Kingdom of Sweden munity list of less-favoured farming areas within the oJ c r42, 8.6.1995 meaning of Directive 75l268tEEC (Austria) oJ c 125, 22.5.1995 Point 1.3.1 13 Point 1.3.89 Proposal for a Council Regulation amending Regu- Common position (EC) No 3195 of 3l March 1995 lation (EEC) No 3950/92 establishing an additional adopted by the Council with a view to adopting a levy in the milk and milk products sector Council Regulation laying down general rules for the oJ c 142,8.6.1995 granting of Community financial aid in the freld of trans-European networks oJ c 130, 29.5.1995 Point 1.3.129 Amended proposal for a European Parliament and Point 1.7.1 Council Decision adopting an action plan 1995-99 to in the Draft Council Regulation (Euratom, EC) conceming combat cancer within the framework for action structural business statistics field of public health oJ c 146, 13.6.1995 oJ c 143, 9.6.1995

109 Bull. EU 5-1995 3. Corrigenda

2.3.1. This section lists the corrigenda ro ear- Bull. 4-1995 lier issues of the Bulletin. The corrections are shown in bold. Point 1.7.2 .Gen_ The entry in the seventh line of table I I to read eral industrial machinery'.

ll0 Bull. EU 5-1995 4. Index

A C

1.4.100 Accession: 1.4.17 ; 1.4.30 Cambodia: 1.4.94; 1.4-95 ACP Convention: 1.4.107 Canada: 1.3.1 18; 1.4.89; (orientation): 1.3.95 ACP States: 1.4.60;1.4.107 to 1.4.113; l.l0.l0 CAP ADAPT: 1.3.56 Cape Verde: 1.4.59; l.4.ll3 Afghanistan: 1.4.100 Carbon dioxide: 1.3.85 Carriage of dangerous goods: 1.3.69 Agri-monetary-prices measures: 1.3.96 Alricultural and related measures: 1.3.97; Central Africa: 1.4.60 Europe: 1.4.63 to 1.4.70; 1.10.10 1.3.98 Central and Eastern 1.3.1 l3 Agricultural products: 1.3.20; 1.3.50; 1.3.51 Cereals: 1.3.100; 1.3.108; Agricultural structures: 1.3.50; 1.3.5 I CFSP: 1.4.1 to 1.4.4 Aid for refugees: 1.4.54; 1.4.100; 1.4.106 CFSP (oint action): 1.4.2 (statements): 1.4.5 to 1.4.15 Aids: 1.3.133 CFSP Air pollution: 1.3.87; 1.3.88 Child rights: 1.2.10 Albania: 1.4.65 Chile: 1.4.102 1.2.7; 1.4.34; 1.4.35 Algeria: 1.2.5 China: 1.2.6; Angola: 1.4.5; 1.4.52; 1.4.60; 1.4.110 Cholera: 1.4.105 Anti-dumpingl. 1.4.33 to 1.4.39 Civil protection: 1.3.89 Anti-subsidy activities: 1.4.40; 1.4.41 Coffee:1.4.46 policy: see CFSP Aquaculture: 1.3.52; 1.3.53 Common foreign and security States (CIS): 1.3.46 Arable crops: 1.3.99; 1.3.100; 1.3.108 Commonwealtfi of Independent concerning the restructuring of Argentina: 1.4.105 Community initiative PESCA Armenia: 1.4.79 the fisheries sector: see on adaptation of the workforce Asia: 1.4.49; 1.4.97 to 1.4.100 Community initiative see ADAPT Association Agreements: 1.4.75 to industrial change: law (monitoring of application): 1.8.1 to Association Council: 1.4.6'7 ; 1.4-69 Community Audiovisual policY: 1.3. 139 1.8.4 programme of technical assistance for the Australia: 1.4.96 Community States: see TACIS Austria: 1.3.1l; 1.3.104; 1.4.17; 1.4.42 Commonweilth of Independent 1.3.23 to 1.3.M Azerbaljan: 1.4.79 Competition: Concentrations: 1.3.23 to 1.3.30 Congo: 1.4.107 B Consumer credit: 1.3.136 Consumer energy Prices: 1.7.2 Baltic Sea: 1.4.70 Consumer information: 1.3-134 1.3.136 Baltic States: 1.4.64; 1.4.70 Consumer protection: 1.3.135; 1.4.82 to 1.4.87 1.4 -98 Banana trade: 1.3.104 Cooperation Agreements: ; policies: 1.3.9 to 1.3.11 Barbados: 1.4.107 Cooidination ol economic Beef/veal: 1.3.108 Copyright: 1.3.21 Belarus: 1.4.82; 1.4.83 C0te d'Ivoire: 1.4.107; l.l0.l0 Belgium: 1.3.56 Cotton: 1.3.105 Belize: 1.4.107 Court of First Instance Benin:1.4.113 o administration: 1.8.16 Bonowing activities: 1.6.4 o agriculture: 1.8.14 Bosnia-Herzegovina: 1.4.6 o State aid: 1.8.15 Botswana: 1.4.1l0 Court of Iustice Brazll: 1.4.33 o agriculture: 1.8.10 Broad guidelines of economic policies: 1.3.9 r ECSC: 1.8.8 Budgetary procedures: 1.6.1 o external relations: 1.8.7 Bulgaria: 1.4.63; 1.4.66 1.4.67 o free movement: 1.8.61 1.8.9 policY: 1.8.11 Burma: see Myanmar o industrial lll Bull. EU 5-1995 Index

o infringements: 1.8.12; 1.8.13 European citizenship: l. 1.1 Credit institutions: 1.3.18 European Community Humanitarian Office: see Croatia: 1.4.7; 1.4.8; 1.4.43; 1.4.71 ECHO Cuba: 1.4.103 European Development Fund: see EDF Culture: 1.3.137 European Economic Area: see EEA Customs union: 1.4.30; 1.4.31 European Free Trade Association: see EFTA Czech Republic: 1.4.63 European home and leisure accident surveillance system: see Ehlass D European Investment Bank: see EIB European Ombudsman: 1.10.1 Dangerous substances: l.3.l4a European police office: see Europol Declining industrial areas: 1.3.58 European Regional Development Fund: see ERDF Denmark: 1.3.56; 1.10.10: see State aid European Social Fund: see ESF Developing countries: 1.4.50; 1.4.51 European Union: 1.9.1 to 1.9.4 Development policy: 1.4.44 to 1.4.54 Europol: 1.5.1 Disasters (Community aid): l.3.l2g to 1.3.131 Dominant positions: 1.3.3 I F Dominican Republic: l.4.ll3 Driving licences: 1.3.70 FAO (Food and Agriculture Organizarion): 1.4.4g Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Serbia and Monte_ E negro): L4.73 FIFG: 1.3.53 EAGGF Fiji: 1.4.107 o Guarantee Section: 1.3.110 to l.3.Il2 Financial and technical assistance: l.4.gg r Guidance Section: 1.3.57 Financial and technical cooperation: 1.4.76; l.4.ll3 EBRD: 1.3.46; 1.4.20 to 1.4.29 Financial Instrument for Fisheries Guidance: see EC investment partners financial instrument (ECIp): FIFG 1.4.49 Financial operations: 1.6.4 to 1.6.7 ECHO: 1.4.60 Financial regulations: 1.3.1 I I Economic and monetary policy: 1.3.7 to l.3.ll Financial services: 1.3.16 to 1.3.19 Economic and monetary union: see EMU Finland: 1.3.1 l; 1.3.104: 1.4.1't; 1.4.30: 1.4.42 Economic and social cohesion: 1.3.49 to 1.3.5g Firms: 1.7.3 ECSC operating budget: 1.6.2; 1.6.3 Fisheries (external aspects): l.3.ll7 to l.3.l2O Ecu: 1.3.7; 1.3.8 Fisheries (internal aspects): 1.3.1 l5; 1.3.1 l6 Ecuador: L4.60 Fisheries (orientation): l.3.ll4 EDF: I .4.60; l.4.ll3 Fisheries (products): 1.3.121 EEA: 1.3.48; 1.4.61; 1.4.62 Fisheries (strucrures): 1.3.52; 1.3.53 ; 1.3.122 EFTA: 1.3.48 Fodder: 1.3.102 Ehlass:1.3.135 Foodstuffs: 1.3.15 EIB: l.l0.l0 France: 1.3.56; l.l0.l0; see Srate aid El Salvador: 1.4.106 Free movement of goods: I .3. l3 to 1.3. I 5 Elderly people: 1.3.127 Free movement of services: 1.3.16 to 1.3.19 Electricity: 1.3.64 Fruit and vegetables: 1.3.103 EMU: 1.3.7 to l.3.ll Fundamental social rights: 1.3.123 Energy: 1.3.59; 1.3.60; 1.3.63 to 1.3.66; 1.3.g5 Energy (Community strategy): 1.3.63 Environment: 1.3.36; 1.3.85 to 1.3.94: l.3.l2Z G Envir,onment (economic, tax and legal instruments): 1.3.85 GATT: 1.4.17 Environment (financial instruments): 1.3.g6 Gaza Strip: 1.4.76; 1.4.j7 Equal opportunities: 1.3.125; 1.3.126 GDP: 1.7.6 Equatorial Guinea: 1.2.9 General budget: l.3.lll; 1.6.1 ERDF: 1.3.57; 1.3.58 Georyia: 1.4.79 ESF: 1.3.56 to 1.3.58 1.3.10; 1.3.50; 1.3.51; 1.3.56; Estonia: 1.4.20; lelmany: 1.6.6: 1.6.7; 1.4.63; 1.4.64: 1.4.70 l.l0.l0; see State aid European Agricultural Guidance and Guarantee Fund: Government deficits: 1.3.10: 1.3.1 I see EAGGF p1e-ec9: 1.3.56; 1.3.107; 1.3.109; European Bank 1.3.128 to 1.3.130; for Reconstruction and Development: l.l0.l0; see State aid see EBRD Green Paper: 1.3.79; l.3.BO; 1.3.82 tt2 Bull. EU 5-1995 Index

Gross domestic product: see GDP Korea: 1.4.37; 1.4.38 Guatemala: 1.4.60; 1.4.106 Kyrgyzstan: 1.4.25; 1.4.ffi; 1.4.82; 1.4.85 Guinea (Republic): 1.2.8 Guyana: 1.4.107 ; 1.4.1 13 L H Laos: 1.4.100 l.4. l l3 Hafii: l.2.l2i 1.4.57 ; 1.4.58:, 1.4.60; Latin America: 1.4.49; 1.4.101 to 1.4.106 Hong Kong: 1.4.38; 1.4.100 Latvia: 1.4.63; 1.4.64; 1.4.70 Housing programme: 1.6.7 l,ebanon:1.4.60 Human rights: 1.2.2 to 1.2.12 Lesotho: 1.4.1l0 1.4.55 to 1.4.60 Humanitarian aid: Less-developed regions: 1.3.37 ; 1.3.38; 1.3 -57 Life insurance: 1.3.18 I Lithuania: 1.4.63; 1.4.64; 1.4.70 Iceland: 1.4.33 Loans: 1.6.5 to 1.6.7 ICO (Intemational Coffee Organization): 1.4.46 Lom6 Convention: 1.4.107 Independent States of the former Soviet Union: see Luxembourg: 1.3.56 Commonwealth of Independent States India: 1.4.100 Indirect taxation: 1.3.20 M Indonesia: 1.4.36 Industrial products: 1.3. l4 Madagascar: 1.4.107 ; 1.10. 10 Industry and environment: 1.3.87; 1.3.88 Maghreb: 1.4.74 Information policy: 1.3. 138 Malawi: 1.4.107 ; 1.4.1 l0 Information society: 1.3.781, 1.3.84 Malaysia: 1.4.39 Infringements Mashreq: 1.4.75 o letters of formal notice: 1.8.1 Mauritania: 1.4.1l0 o reasoned opinions: 1.8.2; 1.8.3 Mauritius: 1.4.107 r referrals to the Court: 1.8.4 Mediterranean: 1.3.91 Inland transport: 1.3.67 to 1.3.74 Mediterranean countries: 1.4.49; 1.4;ll to 1.4.73; Inland waterway transport: 1.3.72 to 1.3-74 1.4.76 Institutional affairs: 1.9.1 to 1.9.7 Mercosur Group: l.4.l0ll' 1.4.102 Instruments of trade policy: 1.4.32 Mexico: 1.4.104 Intellectual property: 1.3.21 Milk and milk products: 1.3.106; 1.3.107 Intergovernmental Conference: 1.9.1 to 1.9.4 Mobile and personal telecommunications: 1.3'82 Interinstitutional relations: 1.9.6; 1.9.7 Moldova: 1.4.26; 1.4.82:, 1.4.86 Intemal energy market'. 1.3.64 Motor vehicles: 1.3.13 Internal market: 1.3.12 to 1.3.22 Mozambique: 1.4.52; 1.4.54; 1.4. 1 l0 Intemational Baltic Sea Fishery Commission: l.3.l20 Multimedia: 1.3.84 International Tropical Timber Organization: see ITTO Myanmar: 1.4.100 Investment undertakings: 1.3. l8 Iraq:1.4.15;1.4.60 Ireland: 1.3.54 to 1.3.56 N lsrael: 1.4.77 Italy: 1.3.56; 1.3.57; 1.3.107;1.3.109; l'10.10; see NAFO: 1.3.1 18; 1.3.119; 1.4.94; 1.4.95 State aid Namibia:1.4.110 ITTO: 1.4.45 Nepal:1.4.100 Netherlands: 1.3.56; see State aid J Netherlands Antilles: l. 10. l0 New plant varieties: 1.3.95 Jamaica: 1.4.107 ; l.l0.l0 NGOs: 1.2.7; 1.4.50; 1.4.51 Japan: 1.3.47; 1.4.89; 1.4.91 to 1.4.93 Nicaragua: 1.4.60 Jean Monnet programme: 1.3.138 Niger: 1.4.9 Jordan:1.4.75 Noise pollution: 1.3.94 Justice and home affairs: 1.5.1; 1.5.2 Non-governmental organizations: see NGOs Non-life insurance: 1.3.18 K Northern Ireland: 1.3.54 to 1.3.56 Kaleidoscope programme: 1.3.137 North-West Atlantic Fisheries Organization: see Kazakhstan: 1.4.24; 1.4.33; 1.4.82; 1.4.84 NAFO Kenya: 1.4.107 Norway: 1.4.33

Bull. EU 5-1995 113 Index

Nuclear energy: 1.3.66 Sheepmeat and goatmeat: 1.3.109 Nuclear weapons (non-proliferation): 1.4.4; 1.4.14 Shipping: 1.3.7 5; 1.3.76; 1.7.4 Shipping safety: 1.3.75; 1.3.76 o Sierra Leone: 1.4.12 Single programming documents (SPD): 1.3.50; 1.3.51 Slovak Republic: 1.4.63; 1.4.69; L10.10 Occupied Territories (West Bank): 1.4.j6: 1.4;7j Slovenia: 1.4.28; 1.4.63 OECD: 1.4.18; 1.4.19 Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs): 1.3.45 Oils and fats: 1.3.101 Social policy: 1.3.123; 1.3.124 ONP: 1.3.83 Social security for workers: 1.3.125 Open network provision: see ONP Solidarity: 1.3.127 to 1.3.131 Organization for Economic Cooperation and Devel- Somalia: 1.4.60 opment: see OECD South Africa: 1.4.49; 1.4.111: l.4.ll2 Southern Africa: 1 .4.52; 1.4.60; 1.4.1 l0 P Southern African Development Community: see SADC Spain: Pact on Stability in Europe: 1.4.3 1.3.56; 1.3.58; 1.3.107; t.3.ll6; l.l0.l0 Pakistan: 1.2.10; 1.4.99 Specific actions for vigorous energy efficiency: see Palestine Liberation Organization: see pLO SAVE Peace: 1.3.54; 1.3.55 Sri Lanka: 1.4.13:1.4.97 1.4. 100 State Peace in the Middle East: t.4.10; 1.4.77 aid: 1.3.32 Peru: 1.4.60 o Denmark: 1.3.40 PESCA: 1.3.56 r France: 1.3.35 o PHARE: 1.4.63; 1.4.67; 1.4.71 Germany: 1.3.37: 1.3.39:1.3.42: 1.3.j7 PLO: 1.4.7'7 o Greece: 1.3.38: 1.3.44 o Poland: 1.4.63; 1.4.68; 1.4.70 Italy: 1.3.34; 1.3.41; 1.3.43 o Netherlands: Police and customs cooperation: 1.5.1; 1.5.2 1.3.36 Statistics (policy aspects): 1.7.1 1.7.5 Portugal: L3.56: I .3. 108; I .3. 1 16; I .3. 13 I to Potatoes: 1.3.100 Statistics (results): 1.7.6 Pre-accession strategy: 1.4.63: 1.4.64 Steel industry: 1.3.34; 1.3.44 Structural Price marking (consumer protection): 1.3.134 Funds: 1.3.49 Protection of marine mammals: 1.3.92 Structured relations: 1.4.64 Sugar Protection of the countryside: 1.3.86; 1.3.90 Protocol: 1.4.107 Protocol on Social Policy: 1.3.123 Suriname: 1.4.107 Swaziland: Public access to the institutions' documents: 1.9.5 1.4.107 L4.1 l0 Public health: 1.3.132; 1.3.133 Sweden: 1.3.11; 1.3.104; 1.3.1 14; 1.4.17; 1.4.30: Public procurement: 1.3.22 t.4.33; 1.4.42 Synergy programme: L3.65 R T Radiocommunications: 1.3.21. 1.3.139 Rail transport: 1.3.67 to 1.3.69 TACIS: 1.3.46 Rehabilitation aid: 1.4.52: 1.4. I l0 Tadjikistan: 1.4.60 Research (international cooperation): 1.3.46: 1.3.4j Tanzania: 1.4.107; 1.4.I l0 Research and development: 1.3.39 to 1.3.41 Tariff quotas: 1.3.104 Right of residence: l.l.l Telecommunications: 1.3.62; 1.3.78 to 1.3.83 Road transport: 1.3.70: 1.3.71 Television: 1.3.79 to 1.3.81; 1.3.139 Romania: 1.4.27 ; 1.4.63; l. l0. l0 Textile industry: 1.3.35 Rules applying to businesses: 1.3.23 to 1.3.31 Textile products 1.4.42; 1.4.43 Russian Federation: 1.4.11; 1.4.21 to 1.4.23; 1.4.33; Thailand: 1.4.39 to 1.4.41 1.4.60: 1.4.70; L4.78 to 1.4.81 Tibet: 1.2.6 Rwanda: 1.2.11: 1.4.54: 1.4.58; 1.4.108 Tourism: 1.7.5 Trading of goods: 1.7.1

Trans-European networks: 1 .3.59 to 1.3.62: 1.3.7 g S Transparency: 1.9.5 Transport: 1.3.61; 1.3.77 SADC: l.4.ll0 Transport infrastructure: 1.3.68 SAVE: 1.3.63 Trinidad and Tobago: 1.4.107 Senegal: 1.3.11'7 Tropical timber: 1.4.45

l14 Bull. EU 5-1995 Tunisia: 1.4.74 w Turkey: 1.4.15; 1.4.60 Waste: 1.3.88 Water pollution: 1.3.91 U West Bank: 1.4.76 White Paper (Growth, competitiveness, employment): 1.3.1 to 1.3.6 Uganda: l.4.lO7 ; 1.10.10 White Paper (Preparation of the associated countries Ukraine: 1.4.29; 1.4.33; 1.4.82; 1.4.87: 1.4.88 of Central and Eastem Europe for integration into the UNHCR: 1.4.54 intemal market of the Union): 1.4.63 United Kingdom: 1.3.56; l.l0.l0 World Bank: 1.3.46 United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization: World Trade Organization (WTO): 1.4.16 to 1.4.18 see FAO United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees: see UNHCR Y United States: 1.3.22; 1.3.66; 1.4.89; 1.4.90 Round: 1.3.22; 1.4.171' 1.4-89 Uruguay Young people: 1.3.48 Youth exchange scheme for Europe: 1.3.48 Yugoslavia (former): 1.4.60; 1.4;72; 1.4-73 v Z Value-added tax (VAT): 1.3.20 Venezuela: 1.4.33 Very remote regions: l.3.l2l Zaire:1.4.109 Viet Nam: 1.4.98; 1.4.100 Zambia: l.4.lO7 ; 1.4. I l0 Visas: l.l.l Zimbabwe: 1.4.52: 1.4.107; 1.4.1 10

115 Bull. EU 5-1995 Supplements 1995

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