2. CLASHES BETWEEN RUSSIA AND UKRAINE: IDEOLOGIES AND POLITICS
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2.1. The Ideology of Putin’s Russia and its Historical Roots Vladimir Sazonov
The Concept of the Russian World $VSROLWLFDOVFLHQWLVW$QGUHDV8PODQGUHPDUNHG
Since coming to power in 1999, Vladimir Putin has purposefully instrumental- ized Russian imperial nostalgia, national pride, and ethnocentric thinking for the legitimization of his authoritarian regime. The repercussions of this strategy are becoming a threat to the integrity of the Russian state in the 21st century.
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The Russian language not only preserves an entire layer of truly global achievements, but is also the living space for the many millions of people in the Russian-speaking world, a community that goes far beyond Russia itself. As the common heritage of many peoples, the Russian language will never become the language of hatred or enmity, xenophobia or isolationism. /…/ In my view, we need to support the initiative put forward by Russian linguists to create a National Russian Language Foundation, the main aim of which will be to develop the Russian language at home, support Russian language study programmes abroad, and to generally promote Russian language and literature around the world.
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The desire to build the state philosophy on the past, namely the glory of the Kyivan Rus, resulted in the elaboration of the concept ‘Russkiy Mir’ (the Russian world). ‘Russkiy Mir’ means an international commonwealth based on affiliation with Russia, the Russian language, and Russian culture. The advocates of the concept believe that it has a right to be treated as a separate civilization space, which includes more than 300 million people. ‘Russkiy Mir’ was first used in public discourse in 2006 by Vladimir Putin, and ever since it has been gradually adopted as a Russian soft power tool in relations with its neighbours.
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ime and again – at least 17 times since February – we have gathered here to discuss the situation in Ukraine. And time and again, we’ve had to dedicate significant amounts of time to reviewing the efforts of Russia to destabilize its neighbor and to refuting the bald misinformation and outright fiction about what is happening on the ground in Ukraine. /.../ Russian rhetoric has been inaccurate, inflammatory, and self-justifying. On June 17, just last week, Foreign Minister Lavrov accused Ukrainian military authorities of carrying out ‘ethnic cleansing’. Days earlier a leader in the Duma accused Ukraine of committing ‘mass genocide’. &RXQWHULQJ5XVVLD¶V)DOVH1DUUDWLYHVRQ8NUDLQH±'LS1RWH86'HSDUWPHQWRI6WDWH 2IILFLDO%ORJ KWWSV EORJVVWDWHJRYVWRULHVFRXQWHULQJUXVVLDVIDOVHQDUUDWLYHV XNUDLQH! 2. 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