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Maximizing Results ST/ESA/326 Department of Economic and Social Affairs DEVELOPMENT COOPERATION FOR THE MDGs: MAXIMIZING RESULTS INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT COOPERATION REPORT asdf United Nations New York, 2010 Department of Economic and Social Affairs The Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat is a vital interface between global policies in the economic, social and environmental spheres and national action. The Department works in three main interlinked areas: (i) it compiles, gener- ates and analyses a wide range of economic, social and environmental data and information on which States Members of the United Nations draw to review common problems and take stock of policy options; (ii) it facilitates the negotiations of Member States in many intergovernmental bodies on joint courses of action to address ongoing or emerging global challenges; and (iii) it advises interested Governments on the ways and means of translating policy frameworks developed in United Nations conferences and summits into programmes at the country level and, through technical assistance, helps build national capacities. Note The present report is an independent publication commissioned by UN DESA drawing from the work of the Development Cooperation Forum and additional research and positions of independent authors. Opinions expressed in this report do not necessarily reflect the views of the United Nations. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concern- ing the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The term “country” as used in the text of this publication also refers, as appropriate, to ter- ritories or areas. The designations “developed” and “developing” countries or areas and “more developed”, “less developed” and “least developed” regions are intended for statistical convenience and do not necessarily express a judgement about the stage reached by a particular country or area in the development process. Symbols of United Nations documents are composed of capital letters combined with figures. ST/ESA/326 United Nations publication Copyright © United Nations, 20010 All rights reserved iii Preface Development Cooperation for the MDGs - Maximizing Impact In June 2010, development cooperation actors met at the second biennial Development Cooperation Forum (DCF), part of the High-level Segment of the Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC). Government ministers, UN development agency heads, NGOs and other development practitioners exchanged ideas and best practices on how the international community can improve the impact of aid on development goals, especially the Millennium Development Goals. This independent report brings together ideas that emerged during the debates at the DCF, along with research by United Nations organizations and studies conducted by inde- pendent consultants and think tanks in preparation for the Forum. As such, the report pro- vides a wide range of views and trends on development cooperation and should be considered a comprehensive resource in this field. Among the ideas debated at the DCF was the effectiveness of accountability mecha- nisms – measures to ensure that aid is provided, managed and delivered to recipients in a timely, efficient and transparent manner at global, regional and national levels. The need for improved policy coherence in donor and recipient countries was also a focus. Aid and non- aid policies also need to be rectified; in many cases non-aid policies on trade, investment and migration have hindered aid policies. This report presents information on these misalignments. Information on other trends are included herewith: aid quantity and quality, the impact of the recent global crises on aid delivery, financing needs for climate change adaptation and mitigation, aid allocation, the impact of aid on gender equality and South-South and trian- gular development cooperation. It is my hope that a wide range of development cooperation actors will read this report closely. The efforts of government line ministries, NGOs and UN system bodies need to be synchronized in order to achieve our common development goals. With the deadline for achieving the Millennium Development Goals drawing near in 2015, a common understand- ing among all stakeholders and enhanced cooperation is more important than ever before. May this report also reinvigorate commitment to the DCF as the key global venue for addressing and improving development cooperation. The Forum needs continuous input from development practitioners including evidence-based research, best practices and innova- tive strategies that should be shared with the larger international community. Sha Zukang Under-Secretary-General for Economic and Social Affairs v Acknowledgements The International Development Cooperation Report is an independent publication com- missioned by the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat (UN/DESA), drawing on the work of the Development Cooperation Forum during 2007-10. Matthew Martin, Senior Advisor to the DCF, led the team that prepared this first report. The report was prepared under the general supervision and leadership of Nikhil Seth, Director, Office for ECOSOC Support and Coordination (OESC) of UN/DESA. The core team at OESC included Marion Barthélemy, Kristinn Helgason, Kozue Kay Nagata, Madhushree Chatterjee, Liu Huanyu, Vilhelm Klareskov and Thomas Boehler. Substantive comments were also received from Rob Vos, Director of the Develop- ment Policy Analysis Division (DPAD), and Benu Schneider of the Financing for Develop- ment Office of UN/DESA. We gratefully acknowledge background research contributions by Ed Anderson, Sachin Chaturvedi, Sakiko Fukuda-Parr, Patrick Guillaumont, Alison Johnson, Katerina Kyrili, Nagesh Kumar, Richard Manning, Amelia U. Santos-Paulino, Gideon Rabinowitz, Jonathan Stever, Finn Tarp, Halla Thorsteinsdottir, Bruno Versailles, the Development Policy Analysis Division (DPAD) of UN/DESA, and the United Nations Development Fund for Women (UNIFEM). The report also benefited greatly from the strategic guidance of the Members of the Advisory Group of Under-Secretary-General Sha Zukang on the Development Coopera- tion Forum, including Talaat Abdel-Malek, Economic Advisor to the Minister of Interna- tional Cooperation, Egypt; Mary-Ann Addo, Director, External Resources Mobilization, Ministry of Finance and Economic Development, Ghana; Elisabetta Belloni, Director- General for Development Cooperation, Ministry for Foreign Affairs, Italy; Victor Ber- nardo, former Vice Minister, Ministry of Planning and Development Vice Minister, Min- istry of Planning and Development, Mozambique; Carlos Alberto Primo Braga, Acting Vice President, World Bank; Richard Carey, former Director, Development Co-operation Directorate, OECD; Martin Dahinden, Director-General, Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation; Eckhard Deutscher, Chair, Development Co-operation Directorate, OECD; Irene Freudenschuss-Reichl, Director-General for Development Cooperation, Ministry for European and International Affairs, Austria; Elisabeth Gateau, Secretary- General, United Cities and Local Governments; Ingrid Hoven, former Director-General, Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development, Germany; Olav Kjorven, Assist- ant-Secretary-General and Director, Bureau for Development Policy, UNDP; Jan Kubis, Executive Secretary, United Nations Economic Commission for Europe; Bruce Jenks, former Assistant-Secretary-General and Assistant Administrator, Bureau of Resources and Strategic Partnerships, UNDP; Anders B. Johnsson, Secretary-General, Inter-Parliamen- tary Union; Ritva Koukku-Ronde, Under-Secretary of State for Development Policy and Cooperation, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Finland; Jon Lomøy, Director, Development Co-operation Directorate, OECD; Maria Jose Lucas, Vice-Minister, Ministry of Plan- ning and Development, Mozambique; Stefano Manservisi, Director-General for Develop- ment, European Commission; Enrique Maruri Londoño, Director of International Coop- eration, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Colombia; Ibrahim Assane Mayaki, Acting Chief Executive, New Partnership for Africa ‘s Development (NEPAD); Kumi Naidoo, former Secretary-General, CIVICUS World Alliance for Citizen Participation; Ruy Nogueira, vi Development Cooperation for the MDGs: Maximizing Results Under-Secretary-General for Cooperation and Trade Promotion, Ministry of External Relations, Brazil; H. S. Puri, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, Permanent Representative of India to the United Nations; John Rwangombwa, Secretary-General and Secretary to the Treasury, Ministry of Finance and Economic Development, Rwan- da; Birama Boubacar Sidibe, Vice-President (Operations), Islamic Development Bank; Ramesh Singh, Chief Executive, ActionAid International; Velayuthan Sivagnansothy, Director-General, Dept of Foreign Aid and Budget Monitoring, Ministry of Plan Imple- mentation, Sri Lanka; Ingrid Srinath, Secretary-General, CIVICUS World Alliance for Citizen Participation; Bjorn Stigson, President, World Business Council for Sustainable Development; Olukorede Willoughby, former Acting Chief Executive, New Partnership for Africa ‘s Development (NEPAD) and Yiping Zhou, Director, Special Unit for South- South Cooperation, UNDP. Gemma Adaba (International Confederation of Free
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