GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK Pleasanton Ave N U H

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK Pleasanton Ave N U H To Harrisburg and Pennsylvania Turnpike North 1 14 Three-hour tour Parking n u BR A complete tour of the park To 83 , R Mumm 15 consists of 16 tour stops plus Lancaster, C 15 and York 0 0.5 1 Kilometer a visits to Barlow Knoll and East Two-hour tour Restrooms r l asburg i Cavalry Battlefield Site. Those s l 0 0.5 1 Mile e with less time may skip Barlow Knoll and East Cavalry Battle- Hiking trail Picnic area R R o field Site, as well as the five-mile y ad o oad b a R Culp’s Hill tour, which consists h d g of tour stops 13 and 14. u o l l i g r Eternal Light u W b is Peace r r Memorial 34 a W H To 81 and es 2 ter 30 Chambersburg n Entrance to East Cavalry Ma Battlefield approximately C ry 4 miles from Visitor Center. ha lan m d be R Barlow rs ail bu ro e rgPi ad u Knoll en ke Observation Av Tower d 3 Cavalry Field Road 30 nue R Oak Ridge ve o A c Bufor e k v A York Pike y a ard d w e o l H C b The r u e Railroad o e Cut D k Guides (summer only) Lincoln Street Barn Gettysburg College Coster Avenue Cavalry Avenue Meredith 1 Semin GETTYSBURG Avenue McPherson Ridge Racehorse Alley (one way) Confederate ary Ave Street Stratton Carlisle Street Carlisle Visit historic downtown Gettysburg EAST CAVALRY Hay St Hay Square Lutheran York Street Avenue BATTLEFIELD SITE Theological Springs Seminary East Middle Street n u e E v R a s Gregg Avenue A t s Hanover Road Reynolds Avenue n e C t e v o a r e n n t Street Washington f Benner’s e e u S d ad d e Hill R o e R f ra ) n eld Street Baltimore te rfi o Fai ( C A n v ow Gettysburg e rst t n e s g Hospital u e Ha e m u W Cemetery Hill l P 116 Youth Group McMillan Woods National (summer only) Campground E (reservation only) Cemetery G 16 East Cemetery Hill D Road I 14 Observation Tower Slocum 116 R Visitor Center Culp’s East Cavalry Avenue Begin Auto Tour Steinwehr Avenue Soldiers’ Hill Guides National 4 North Monument Low Dutch Carolina A Memorial v e n Y Brian Barn Spangler’s u Cyclorama Center e 15 R Hunt Ave Spring 13 A n High Water Mark u N 15 Meade’s R I High Head- M Water quarters y The Angle b E Mark (summer h g 5 S Trail only) u Copse of Trees lo l i Black Virginia W Memorial Codori Farm Horse Tavern Road GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK Pleasanton Ave n u H R a n C Amphitheater c 12 o Pennsylvania E (summer c only) Memorial k M A E venu T m House Lane u (summer Granite School l E Avenue P only) e 6 R Pitzer Woods Y EISENHOWER Baltimore Pike Uni Sickles te ad d Ro 10 Avenue n Sedgwick tio tes 11 Sta NATIONAL Observation Sta g Plum n Tower R pi Rd Millerstown Wheatfield Pum Road Run I W o The D erw rks t A a HISTORIC Peach G W R A W E Orchard The v F e e s I Wheatfield n t E Road u 97 Rose e SITE C L Farm 9 o e D u n Ayres Ave n f (All visitors must obtain e e d v tickets and board the e A r shuttle bus at the visitor a Little d d t r center in Gettysburg.) e a o o f Round R w a r Top k R C W c ar I re 8 D n Ro Devil’s Den Av A G v d e e e E n n u R (summer only) u e Taneytown Road e n Picnic area is accessible only u from South Confederate Ave. R (summer only) BIG Warfield ROUND e Ridge e TOP Wright Avenue it feder u h 7 on at n W (summer only) e e C v A Sou th Big Round Top Loop Trail 134 M Road a r s h BR 15 C r e Lit e tle k s Run Emmitsburg South Cavalry Field 97 15 To 70 , 270 , and Washington, D.C. To Baltimore.
Recommended publications
  • Our Position Was Finely Adapted to Its Use...”
    "...Our Position Was Finely Adapted To Its Use...” The Guns of Cemetery Hill Bert H. Barnett During the late afternoon of July 1, 1863, retiring Federals of the battered 1st and 11th corps withdrew south through Gettysburg toward Cemetery Hill and began to steady themselves upon it. Following the difficult experiences of the first day of battle, many officers and men were looking to that solid piece of ground, seeking all available advantages. A number of factors made this location attractive. Chief among them was a broad, fairly flat crest that rose approximately eighty feet above the center of Gettysburg, which lay roughly three-quarters of a mile to the north. Cemetery Hill commanded the approaches to the town from the south, and the town in turn served as a defensive bulwark against organized attack from that quarter. To the west and southwest of the hill, gradually descending open slopes were capable of being swept by artillery fire. The easterly side of the hill was slightly lower in height than the primary crest. Extending north of the Baltimore pike, it possessed a steeper slope that overlooked low ground, cleared fields, and a small stream. Field guns placed on this position would also permit an effective defense. It was clear that this new position possessed outstanding features. General Oliver Otis Howard, commanding the Union 11th Corps, pronounced it “the only tenable position” for the army.1 As the shadows began to lengthen on July 1, it became apparent that Federal occupation of the hill was not going to be challenged in any significant manner this day.
    [Show full text]
  • The Gettysburg Address Was Written in 1863
    Four score and seven years ago… A “score” is 20 years. Four score equals 80 years. Four score and seven years would be 87 years. The Gettysburg Address was written in 1863. 87 years before that was 1776, the year of the Declaration of Independence. Therefore Lincoln is asking his audience to look back at the ideals written in the Declaration of Independence. This image is courtesy of archives.gov. …our fathers… This painting shows the committee to draft the Declaration of Independence. The “Founding Fathers” who made up this committee are from left to right: Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, Robert Livingston, John Adams, and Roger Sherman. The original black and white drawing, titled “Drafting the Declaration of Independence” was completed by Alonzo Chappel (1882-1887) circa 1896. The colorized version is courtesy of brittanica.com. …brought forth… This painting by John Trumbull (1756-1843) depicts the moment in 1776 when the first draft of the Declaration of Independence was presented to the Second Continental Congress. This painting was completed in 1818 and placed in the Rotunda of the United States Capitol in 1826. …on this continent… This is a map of the continent of North America. It is called a “political map” because the outline of countries, states, and provinces are outlined. This image is courtesy of datemplate.com. …a new nation… The “new nation” brought forth on this continent was the United States of America. This image is courtesy of datemplate.com and mrhousch.com. …conceived in liberty… To “conceive” means to form an idea of. The United States was formed with the idea of liberty.
    [Show full text]
  • The Influence of Local Remembrance on National Narratives of Gettysburg During the 19Th Century
    Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports 2018 Contested Narratives: The Influence of Local Remembrance on National Narratives of Gettysburg During The 19th Century Jarrad A. Fuoss Follow this and additional works at: https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd Recommended Citation Fuoss, Jarrad A., "Contested Narratives: The Influence of Local Remembrance on National Narratives of Gettysburg During The 19th Century" (2018). Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports. 7177. https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd/7177 This Thesis is protected by copyright and/or related rights. It has been brought to you by the The Research Repository @ WVU with permission from the rights-holder(s). You are free to use this Thesis in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you must obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) directly, unless additional rights are indicated by a Creative Commons license in the record and/ or on the work itself. This Thesis has been accepted for inclusion in WVU Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports collection by an authorized administrator of The Research Repository @ WVU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Contested Narratives: The Influence of Local Remembrance on National Narratives of Gettysburg During The 19th Century. Jarrad A. Fuoss Thesis submitted to the Eberly College of Arts and Science at West Virginia University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in 19th Century American History Jason Phillips, Ph.D., Chair Melissa Bingman, Ph.D. Brian Luskey, Ph.D. Department of History Morgantown, West Virginia 2018 Keywords: Gettysburg; Civil War; Remembrance; Memory; Narrative Creation; National Identity; Citizenship; Race; Gender; Masculinity; Veterans.
    [Show full text]
  • Lee's Mistake: Learning from the Decision to Order Pickett's Charge
    Defense Number 54 A publication of the Center for Technology and National Security Policy A U G U S T 2 0 0 6 National Defense University Horizons Lee’s Mistake: Learning from the Decision to Order Pickett’s Charge by David C. Gompert and Richard L. Kugler I think that this is the strongest position on which Robert E. Lee is widely and rightly regarded as one of the fin- to fight a battle that I ever saw. est generals in history. Yet on July 3, 1863, the third day of the Battle — Winfield Scott Hancock, surveying his position of Gettysburg, he ordered a frontal assault across a mile of open field on Cemetery Ridge against the strong center of the Union line. The stunning Confederate It is my opinion that no 15,000 men ever arrayed defeat that ensued produced heavier casualties than Lee’s army could for battle can take that position. afford and abruptly ended its invasion of the North. That the Army of Northern Virginia could fight on for 2 more years after Gettysburg was — James Longstreet to Robert E. Lee, surveying a tribute to Lee’s abilities.1 While Lee’s disciples defended his decision Hancock’s position vigorously—they blamed James Longstreet, the corps commander in This is a desperate thing to attempt. charge of the attack, for desultory execution—historians and military — Richard Garnett to Lewis Armistead, analysts agree that it was a mistake. For whatever reason, Lee was reti- prior to Pickett’s Charge cent about his reasoning at the time and later.2 The fault is entirely my own.
    [Show full text]
  • (NPS) Law Enforcement Incident Reports at Gettysburg National Military Park, 04-July-2020 Through 29-July-2020
    Description of document: Each National Park Service (NPS) law enforcement incident reports at Gettysburg National Military Park, 04-July-2020 through 29-July-2020 Requested date: 20-July-2020 Release date: 11-August-2020 Posted date: 17-August-2020 Source of document: FOIA Request National Park Service 1100 Ohio Drive, SW Washington, DC 20242 Fax: Call 202-619-7485 (voice) for options The governmentattic.org web site (“the site”) is a First Amendment free speech web site, and is noncommercial and free to the public. The site and materials made available on the site, such as this file, are for reference only. The governmentattic.org web site and its principals have made every effort to make this information as complete and as accurate as possible, however, there may be mistakes and omissions, both typographical and in content. The governmentattic.org web site and its principals shall have neither liability nor responsibility to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damage caused, or alleged to have been caused, directly or indirectly, by the information provided on the governmentattic.org web site or in this file. The public records published on the site were obtained from government agencies using proper legal channels. Each document is identified as to the source. Any concerns about the contents of the site should be directed to the agency originating the document in question. GovernmentAttic.org is not responsible for the contents of documents published on the website. United States Department of the Interior NATIONAL PARK SERVICE Interior Region 1- National Capital Area llOO Ohio Drive, S.W.
    [Show full text]
  • Culp's Hill, Gettysburg, Battle of Gettysburg
    Volume 3 Article 7 2013 Culp’s Hill: Key to Union Success at Gettysburg Ryan Donnelly Gettysburg College Follow this and additional works at: https://cupola.gettysburg.edu/gcjcwe Part of the United States History Commons Share feedback about the accessibility of this item. Donnelly, Ryan (2013) "Culp’s Hill: Key to Union Success at Gettysburg," The Gettysburg College Journal of the Civil War Era: Vol. 3 , Article 7. Available at: https://cupola.gettysburg.edu/gcjcwe/vol3/iss1/7 This open access article is brought to you by The uC pola: Scholarship at Gettysburg College. It has been accepted for inclusion by an authorized administrator of The uC pola. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Culp’s Hill: Key to Union Success at Gettysburg Abstract Brigadier General George S. Greene’s position on Culp’s Hill during the Battle of Gettysburg is arguably the crucial lynchpin of July 2, 1863. Had this position at the barb of the fishhook defensive line fallen, Confederate General Robert E. Lee and his army would then have been positioned to take Cemetery Hill, thus breaking the curve of the hook on the Union right. This most likely would have sent the Union into retreat, leaving the direct route to Washington unguarded. Fortunately, valiant efforts were made by men like Generals George S. Greene and Henry H. Lockwood in order to preserve the Union Army’s possession of the hill and, as a result, preserve the Union itself. While leaders distinguished themselves during the Battle of Gettysburg with exceptional decision-making and ingenuity, the battle for ulpC ’s Hill also embodied the personal cost these decisions made, as evidenced by the experience of Marylanders who literally fought their neighbors.
    [Show full text]
  • Did Meade Begin a Counteroffensive After Pickett's Charge?
    Did Meade Begin a Counteroffensive after Pickett’s Charge? Troy D. Harman When examining the strategy of Union Major General George Gordon Meade at the battle of Gettysburg, one discovers lingering doubts about his leadership and will to fight. His rivals viewed him as a timid commander who would not have engaged at Gettysburg had not his peers corralled him into it. On the first day of the battle, for instance, it was Major General John Fulton Reynolds who entangled the left wing of the federal army thirty miles north of its original defensive position at Westminster, Maryland. Under the circumstances, Meade scrambled to rush the rest of his army to the developing battlefield. And on the second day, Major General Daniel Sickles advanced part of his Union 3rd Corps several hundred yards ahead of the designated position on the army’s left, and forced Meade to over-commit forces there to save the situation. In both instances the Union army prevailed, while the Confederate high command struggled to adjust to uncharacteristically aggressive Union moves. However, it would appear that both outcomes were the result of actions initiated by someone other than Meade, who seemed to react well enough. Frustrating to Meade must have been that these same two outcomes could have been viewed in a way more favorable to the commanding general. For example, both Reynolds and Sickles were dependent on Meade to follow through with their bold moves. Though Reynolds committed 25,000 Union infantry to fight at Gettysburg, it was Meade who authorized his advance into south-central Pennsylvania.
    [Show full text]
  • My Brave Texans, Forward and Take Those Heights!”1
    “My brave Texans, forward and take those heights!”1 Jerome Bonaparte Robertson and the Texas Brigade Terry Latschar These words echoed through the battle line of the Texas brigade on July 2, 1863 on a ridge south of Gettysburg as Major General John Bell Hood ordered Brigadier General Jerome Robertson, commander of Hood’s famous Texas brigade, to lead his men into action. General Robertson then repeated those words with the authority and confidence needed to move his 1,400 men forward under artillery fire to engage the enemy on the rocky height 1,600 yards to their front. What kind of man could lead such a charge, and what kind of leader could inspire the aggressive Texans? Jerome Bonaparte Robertson was born March 14, 1815, in Christian County, Kentucky, to Cornelius and Clarissa Robertson. When Jerome was eight years old, his father passed away and left his mother penniless. One of five children, and the oldest son, Jerome quickly left his childhood behind. As was the custom of the time, he was apprenticed to a hatter. Five years later Jerome’s master moved to St. Louis, Missouri. After five more years of industrious and demanding labor, when he was eighteen, Jerome was able to buy the remainder of his contract. During his time in St. Louis, Jerome was befriended by Dr. W. Harris, who educated him in literary subjects. The doctor was so taken with Robertson that he helped Jerome return to Kentucky and attend Transylvania University. There Jerome studied medicine and, in three years, graduated as a doctor in 1835.
    [Show full text]
  • Photographers Appendix
    photographer’s complete appendix Chris Heisey 1. prologue: the photographer (1863). Dead Confederate Soldier, Devil’s Den Alexander Gardner and his assistant Timothy O’Sullivan took this image on July 6, 1863. The Confederate soldier may well be John Rutherford Ash of the Second Georgia, killed on July 2. I. THE FIRST DAY. Union General John Buford Monument, Chambersburg Pike This cirrus cloud–laden sky provided the perfect backdrop to capture the Buford monument as the sun set on the cool, breezy evening of June 24, 2015. 2. carolina. Twenty-Fourth Michigan Monument, Herbst’s Woods On average, the first snow in Gettysburg each winter occurs on December 10, and on that date in 2013, this wet snow beautifully pasted the monument to the Twenty-Fourth Michigan, of the Iron Brigade. 3. incident. McPherson’s Barn and soybean field, Chambersburg Pike Rural lands surrounding the town of Gettysburg are still farmed much as they were in 1863. In front of McPherson’s Barn, where the battle’s first day of fighting happened on July 1, this soybean field along Chambersburg Pike turns a tender shade of yellow. 4. What is truth? McPherson’s Ridge The morning of February 18, 2018, was a particularly frigid one. The camera equipment for most of my Civil War battlefield photography work consists of a Nikon D810 camera body with a 17–35 mm f2.8 lens, mounted on a Gitzo tripod. In addition, I use a handcrafted Singh-Ray LB polarizing filter affixed to my lens to help lessen glare and provide contrast to the image.
    [Show full text]
  • Touring the Battlefield
    Touring the Battlefield Barlow Knoll When Maj. Gen. Jubal A. Early’s Confederates smashed Union defend- ers here at 3 p.m., the Federal line north of Gettysburg collapsed. East Cavalry Battlefield Site Here on July 3, during the cannonade that pre- ceded Pickett’s Charge, Union cavalry under Brig. Gen. David McM. Gregg intercepted and then checked Maj. Gen. J.E.B. Stuart’s Confederate cav- alry. For more informa- tion, ask for the free self- guiding tour brochure at the park visitor center in- formation desk. Self-Guiding Auto Tour The complete 24-mile auto July 2, 1863 Federal cannon bombard- 12,000-man “Pickett’s tour starts at the visitor ed South ern forces cross- Charge” against the Fed- cen ter and includes the 4 North Carolina Memorial ing the Rose Farm toward eral center. This was the following 16 tour stops, Early in the day, the Con- the Wheatfield until about climactic moment of the the Barlow Knoll Loop, federate army positioned 6:30 p.m., when Confeder- battle. On July 4, Lee’s and the Historic Down- itself on high ground here ate attacks overran this army began retreating. town Gettysburg Tour. The along Seminary Ridge, position. route traces the three- through town, and north Total casualties (killed, day battle in chron o logi- of Cemetery and Culp’s 11 Plum Run wounded, captured, and cal order. It is flexible hills. Union forces occu- While fighting raged to missing) for the three days enough to allow you to pied Culp’s and Cemetery the south at the Wheat- of fighting were 23,000 include, or skip, cer tain hills, and along Cemetery field and Little Round Top, for the Union army and as points and/or stops, based Ridge south to the Round retreating Union soldiers many as 28,000 for the on your interest.
    [Show full text]
  • The Storm Breaks: Gettysburg's African-American Community
    The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of Civil War Institute History 11-5-2013 The tS orm Breaks: Gettysburg’s African-American Community During the Battle Brian D. Johnson Gettysburg College Follow this and additional works at: https://cupola.gettysburg.edu/compiler Part of the Military History Commons, Social History Commons, and the United States History Commons Share feedback about the accessibility of this item. Johnson, Brian D., "The tS orm Breaks: Gettysburg’s African-American Community During the Battle" (2013). The Gettysburg Compiler: On the Front Lines of History. 17. https://cupola.gettysburg.edu/compiler/17 This is the author's version of the work. This publication appears in Gettysburg College's institutional repository by permission of the copyright owner for personal use, not for redistribution. Cupola permanent link: https://cupola.gettysburg.edu/compiler/17 This open access blog post is brought to you by The uC pola: Scholarship at Gettysburg College. It has been accepted for inclusion by an authorized administrator of The uC pola. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The tS orm Breaks: Gettysburg’s African-American Community During the Battle Abstract By late June 1863, though rebel troops had already occupied Gettysburg briefly, the threat to the borough grew still more ominous. Rebel troops had cut the town’s railroad lifeline to the north by destroying a bridge across Rock Creek, and convinced the local telegraph operator to flee with his equipment. The new isolation from news accentuated scattered reports of large forces, rebel and federal, approaching the borough from all directions.
    [Show full text]
  • The Gettysburg Campaign: Birth of the Operational Art?
    The Gettysburg Campaign: Birth of the Operational Art? A Monograph by MAJ Kevin B. Marcus United States Army School of Advanced Military Studies United States Army Command and General Staff College Fort Leavenworth, Kansas Second Term AY 00-01 Approved for Public Release; Distribution is Unlimited Standard Form 298 (Rev. 8-98) Page 1 of 2 REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE 1. REPORT DATE (DD- 2. REPORT TYPE 3. DATES COVERED (FROM - TO) MM-YYYY) monograph xx-xx-2001 to xx-xx-2001 01-05-2001 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER The Gettysburg Campaign: Birth of the Operational Art? 5b. GRANT NUMBER Unclassified 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 6. AUTHOR(S) 5d. PROJECT NUMBER Marcus, Kevin B. ; 5e. TASK NUMBER 5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER U.S. Army Command & General Staff College School of Advanced Military Studies 1 Reynolds Ave. Fort Leavenworth , KS 66027 9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME AND 10. SPONSOR/MONITOR'S ACRONYM(S) ADDRESS 11. SPONSOR/MONITOR'S REPORT NUMBER(S) , 12. DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY STATEMENT A PUBLIC RELEASE , 13. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES 14. ABSTRACT file://E:\ffcsbackup2\final\Marcus--Spring--AY2001_200115051512.298.html 05/30/2001 Standard Form 298 (Rev. 8-98) Page 2 of 2 While hundreds of volumes exist on the Gettysburg Campaign, most examine the battle?s tactical framework and focus on the activities of brigades and regiments. However, of more interest to the serving military professional may be an analysis of the degree to which the Confederacy?s design and execution exemplify attributes of what is now known as the operational art.
    [Show full text]