Steel Belted Parts Prepared to Defy

,'v: 4

8 THE 'SUN, SUNDAY, AUGUST. 80, STEEL BELTED PARTS PREPARED TO DEFY FOR 1 MONTHS A SIEGE , BY; MILLIONS OF GERMANS Herculean Task That Confronts Kaiser's Army in the In-- ' J 4?" 'VV vestment oi the Most strongly Fortified City in the World --French Have Been Strengthening Defences for Years for Second Coming of Their Ancient Enemies io Parts' Is the Herman bat- armies of Itussla than was first imag. l'arls a parallel among steel, withering stands without ON tle cry Cold Incd? Would this leave a sufficient fortified cities and Is the greatest cli- ylir.i(tul anil the relentless forco to hold the French In check max of military engineering cunning. mull of th? Kaiser's ijray horde uround l'arls, especially as they will More than once opposition was raised are steadily driving the allies ark upon undoubtedly be able to count upon fur- to the stupendous amounts Involved In the Frcn h U fences ruthlessly getting ther substantial assistance from Great the protective works, but the French nearer and .nearer to this Parisian capi- Britain" Time alone will tell, but what have realized their national . peril and ta) Can the Hermans reach their goal? we ate fortunately able to IscIokh have provided the needful funds. For And If the get within striking distance! about the Parisian defences and the thrifty people It Is not difficult to realize ef l'arls can they Invest and starve) preparations at the French capital will the antagonism to further appropria- the city to surrender ns they did In help even a layman to grasp something tions for thee forts, because available of the gigantic task likely to confront figures show that nearly $500,000,000 way Pnri3, confident It is yet a long to and the Germans. nas gone tor their building and re- -' ten should the allies fall to keep the To begin with. Paris enjoys an enor- modelling. The significant part of this German!! In check Mill the blgget task mous advantage strategically because staggering outlay lies In the fact that U ahead of th Kaiser's troops. The In. of natural conditions, and the running well nlgh all of It has gone toward pro- vestment of l'arls would prove a vastly Trench military engineer has availed viding defences on the north, the east thtfefent proposition from that which himself of nil of these topographical ac- and the south. In short, this protec- the soldiers of the fatherland had to cidents. Paris lies at the confluence of tive work blocks the pnths leading east- restate forty-thre- e, years ago; the. threo rivers the Seine, the Marne and ward townrd the German frontier. French have prepared for this second the Olso -- and It Is by the valleys of The defences' enemy of Paris com- coming of their ancient and the these three streams that the enemy pared with the of 1S70. a desperately dis- forts are as we., ome Is apt to he would hnvo to coino when advancing much of an advance a the modern couraging nlfulr. Naturally, the French Into France from the northern and magazine rifle Is upon Icpt as secret t'rontlers, the old muzzle military authorities hne eastern The valley of tho loading muske's of a century back. The M possible the details of thlr defences. trend directly to tho historic circle formed hy 1870, Is common property the forts of But a great deal "gap of Uelfort" which stands between lying beyond the walls of the city at DEFENS5 regarding their general disposition, and the Swiss Jura and the southern distances ranging Vosges. from one to three by patient ichearch some particular The Marne valley leads to the miles, then had an arc of gleaned which deep opening something have been here and there between the Ardennes and llku forty miles, nnd within com- of char- Vosges. valley their afford a pretty fair Index the the northern .while the bined ronea sheltered an area of about acter of the formications which stand of the Olse Is the logical highroad from IJ square miles, of paths by which Helglum. which quite half squ.irel in the various was overspread with fairly thickly pop- logically tn nd- - the Germans would have History has emphasized repeatedly ulated suburbs. Then the region had vani" upon I'm is. how all roads along these vallevs make In the neighborhood of 1.700.000 Inhabi easy ap- The strategic significance) of the Pa- naturally relatively paths for tants. Including the soldiers present for. risian defences hm been mateilally al- proach to Paris from the east and tne citys defence. Beyond this en- tered l the ileveloiunenta since war north, and the military problem Is, ac- ceinte of forts, at a Judicious distance, wa declared rndouhtcdly the unex- cordingly, that of defending these some-wh- lay the Investing Germans, nnd allow, pected opposition on the part of the Bel-pia- narrowed lanes by which the tra- lug '5,000 men per mile, and the arc and the British cooperation with ditional foe must come. Therefore, the one of about fifty miles, that meant a the French have added to the gravity tusk nt the defence Is strategically aided permanent force on the firing lines of of the problem confronting the Kaiser's by this natural prescribing of the routei IJO.OOO troops General Staff, because the Incident dc-la- which the Germans must adopt whether To-da- y l'arls hi n population come by a single one or movo of LYON 9 have given the lllisslans the time thrv quite 3,n00.oon sou: and the outermost fO mo- simultaneously over all in which to effect their complete three fortified :one cover, mor- - than double TO OKLCAN8 bilization. There Is every reason to sup. Way back In 1S40 M. Thler planned the distance of that embraced by ... the pnse that the Intent Ion of the Germans the advance fortifications of the capl lu.iiivu inriH o: js.u. inaeetl. the en- - was to strike swiftly and overpower-Injrl- y tni. men supplementing me uamemeni3 vuons or north, enst and south I'arlo the enemy to the south, and then girding the city by a belt of sixteen do-- 1 are divided into thrro great Intrenched A, B, ,C Intrenched, camps Nos. No, 13 .Fort de Villiers. No. 27 Fort de Villeneuve St. No. 40 Fort de St. Cyr. n on to Paris to effect Its Invest- Inched forts on the northeast and south- campfl. with their margins protected i, a and 3 respectively. No. 14 Fort de .Champijgny. Georges. No. 41 1 done, with troops left niiproachi-- s How well he bat-N- o. ment This and east to Paris. by many new permanent batteries and No. : Fort Cormellles. No. is Fort de Secy. No. 38 New works. No. 43 . Fort de Marly and I cover 16-F- behind to maintain a siege and to planned was amply proved during the forts. The circle of thesn new defences No. a Fort Cotillons. ' No. ort de Mainvllle.. No. 39 Fort d'Athis. 43 teries. Her-man- 1571, the. lines of communication back to winter of 1S70 to and since then has a sweep of elghty-flv- c miles, and No. 3 Fort Franconvllle. No. 17 Fort de wptsy (inner;. No. 30 Fort de Lonjoumeau. No. 44 Fort Valerien. corps could then the army that the Government has added a third lielt the guarded zones hive a combined No. 4 Double Coronne du Nord. No. 18I de Rduiy. - No. 31 Fort Palalseau. No. 45 Fort Aigrcmont. he (spared were to be rushed townrd the or zone of defences covering a much area of nearly t'.OO square miles. The No. 5 ForV Stains. No. 19 Fort de Fontenay. No. 33 Fort d'Issy. No. 46 Fort de l'Hautie. north and east to met the Czar's nrmls wider arc and therefore necessitating older defences were hampered by No. .6 Fort de l'Est. No, 20 Fort de Nogent. No. 33 Fort de Chatillon. No. 47 sort de Vadvres. or urad-vnncc- d 1 either at the German frontier thi employment of a greater force on neighboring towns, hut of tho r resent No. 7 Fort Oudervillers. No. t Fort de Joinvllle. No. 34 No. 48 Fort Redout de St. Cyr. positions previously secured In the part of a potential foe. territory now gunrdtd probably not No. 8 Fort Liory. No Fort de Charenton. No. 35 Batteries. No. 4Q Fort de Domont. Ji I neighboring Ilusslan territory. this third enceinte, the older more than one-fift- h of It. If that much. No. 9 Fort Blanc Mesml- - No. 33 Fort d'lvry. No. 36 No. 50 Fort de Montlignon. Somehow the wheels of the Ilusslan forts have been rcatmetl ami remodelled, Is built upon, the greater pnrtlcn of, No. to Fort Vtujours. No. 34 Fort de Bicetre. . No. 37 Fort Villeras. No. 51 Fort'dc Montmorency. ortrant-itlo- n have moved faster than nnd the old battlements Immediately It being for agriculture and No. ii Fort Chells. No. 35 Fort de Montrouge. No. 38 Fart du Haut Buc. Details of most important ones was believed possible by Gen. von around the city, having a perimeter of crazing. You will understand the value No. i a Fort de Noisy. No. 36 Fort de Lamall. No. 39 Batterie Bouviers. are given in the text. Moltke and his associates of the twenty miles, have been strengthened of this difference u little later on. Kaher's General Staff, and the question with modern ordnance. There was a Because of the eighty-liv- e mile spread cable. Actually Hits would Involve a, successfully defended' by 350,000 mtn. Itatlerlc du Clump de Mars, the Bat- drcd miles long tho Knlstr's strategists so long ago It pro- now is Can the Germans eff"ctually time not when was of the Intrenched enmps an Investing combined, force of twice this number. ind It 'Is said that double this number terie de Vaubertcrre, the Hatterle would have graNo dlfllcuhy In moving Invest Paris even should they tie able posed to raze this ancient wall, but the army would have to have a Can the Oermans spare this- many men, could fasljV assigned' for this work Arches, &c. sutnclent men speedily from point to en- thought It 100 - b' to force their way to the military authorities better of and haxe front of substantially miles, and even If they break through- the allies without crippling Jhrf field armies In Fort Cormcllles, at an elevation of 55'5 point to meet a masstd attack which virons of that city? Won't the Ger- since turned 'hose battlements Into for- this would ncoesslt itc the prerence of nnd Initiate .n siijge? any way: To mJUitaln Ahes'e defenders feet, with a line of batteries and re- the French could easily make. to midable defences In a modern sense ..00.0(10 mans have to withdraw more troops of not fewer ihnn etllclent fighting this Is not all. Competent au- the' would btise "of doubts running for a considerable dis- - i But French nvu 'their In order to Invest Paris- successfully check the sudd;n advance of the vast tho term. men In otder to make ft siege practl- - supply- - In while- to across the i thorities declare that Paris can be right l'arls 'l(self. the tance the south southeast the Germans would have lo maintain a besiegers must, of nPdPsalty.-dTa-w- - their neck of the peninsula formed by the million of men there and to supply amy ammunition and food from .beyond the bend of the Seine between Argentejll munition for the guns ns well. It has frontier, many leagues tb their rear, and Montlgny ley Cormellles. been ly estimated each cn'rvatlvf that 3 ind, at the same time, guard these lines . Fort de Domont. man nt th front would require dally Women in War Time Rise Montlignon. jr French to Heroic Sacrifice of communication agulnst the mobile Fort de live pounds of supplies In the shape olf forces of tho French armies In the Held. Fort de Montmorency, at an elevation food, drink, tools, tints, clothing, medf r Now camps are of S6j feet clnes, anj) Even the Shopgirls in the the three Intrenched small arms, ammunition, fuel . not literally Intrenched' In the older A notnble feature of the foregoing forage. Fnr an army of 1,000,000 men use of term, nor are the exterior forts Is the height at which so many dally Idle Stores Are Busy ' ' the this would call for a despatch wesN works, apart from tho fort, cither are placed, thus Insuring n wide zone of ward from Germany of fifteen trains at Red Cross Work permanent or continuous. They are effective tiro. Mint of the larger works consisting each of twenty heavily ladeil f thrown tip at certain strategic points, are heavUj' armor plated or their guns cars. where natural cover h.des them from mounted In steel cupolas or turrets. In for the Nation's ' dis- This Itself would be a stupendous the casual eye. arid the military au- Soni of tho rilUs are placed um undertaking tKe appearing mounts, very few of and would sorely tax Wounded thorities hae.seen to it that visitors and but Prussian rallrvads. Hut It does not irP been few nnd. fnr between. In- them can be reached by direct tire. lit jT, have weapons elude any provision for new field gun's! the American woman wnomas.es deed the average Parisian or the run fait the majority of the heavier siege guns, heavy ns been so placed they will mortars, ammunition, for I.es Gnlerles I.nfayettfi of Frenchmen know next to nothing hae that ilre Ac., not. to engineering mate- TO behind ramparts, using high mention soon as she lands In Paris and about these sfcret provisions for the from the rials fc.r the building of bridges and the writes homo Immediately of the safeguarding of their capital. iinj;le trajectories nnd aimed by means position like. At least sixty trains of twenty tremendous burgalns that she han found Of course, the main forts are more of finders. he ser- Of course It Is ou question to cars each would have to put In nothing could be more convincing of tho or ess coni) cuous. ,nut mere ;s oui of the vice to keep up dally tell number or the exact the demand in the fact that Paris an Intrenched camp mfh that thev disclose from the outside! either the successful maintenance of a siege of the ( of most of guns, but under military' law than the sight of of their offensive or deentlve rewmrces. emplacement the would apt ' a Index of what Is In tore for the French capital. Failure be this big depariment store, only rivalled Thi...... i.o .n.Miiv... , ., iru. or the new works. fair (Jerrnans should the get near enough to to spell ruin anil a disastrous defeat? In size and popularity by tho Hon These art earthen parapets from thirty especially If sutliolent food supplies or Paris to Invest It can bo gathered from were Marche on the left bank, almost to thirty-flv- e feet thick and a score not forthcoming for two or three das.' high, beyond them are dltche.s the following list, which describes the feet and weapons On the other hand, the governmenV It Is truo that the doors are hos- or potential moats fvrty feet wide and kinds of available. 6 I Inch rifles throwing an eighty-eig- ht of the city of Paris la fully prepared pitably opened and sporadic Bales of fully thirty feet deep, while Immense ngalnst a long investment nnd It has bargains taking place, very sporadic, traVersts. placed athwart the pound projectile. are earth 6.1 same profited by the lessons of the winter qt for people have a wholesome dread of ramparts, covnr tho guns agalnft cross Inch hort rifle uslntr the weight been a fa- l!70-7- Immense quantities of pro- c seen of shell. This has the and are not buying luxuries, fire. There !s nothing to be of the visions In the way of prepared foods nnd If one except tho vorite weapon with the French authori- enticing as many of them certainly are. Interior of these forts. canned stuffs nre y In storage m prepares methodically for her muzzles or the guns Juit reaching above ties. Paris 4 7 gun throwing projectiles tho special warehouses, nnd fadlltieH near "disarrangement" by put- parapets and the steel domes of tho Inch at hand the thirty-nin- e forty-fiv- e nre also provided for the killing and thij which these weapons weighing from to ting away her stores of 5ilk hosiery and barbettes beneath depending upon kind used. pretenlng of the nYsh of live stock She f.heltered. The only masonry In pounds, the fripperies of one kind and another. nre Are guns, which can which can bo driven In from the outly- garners sight Is revetcments of thedltches'. 3.7 Inch rapid these harvests as sho tloca the be utilized for the defence of Intermedi- ing fertile country and killed and frozen the? of bread and wine. As we have said, tho permanent por- dictates, camps ate works and for sorties, as convenience Possibly persons, lookers on tion of the Intrfcnched are the To-da- a core of 10.fi Inch rifled breech loading mortars y the available pasturage Is 10t forts, which In time of hostilities are cmeaelf, wander along the vacant capable of throwing projectiles of from enormously greater than was the visa aisles. connected by chslns of temporary Seated In groups of four and 390 to 470 pounds. during the Frarvn-IYussla- n war, whe'1'1. five the clerkn it is scarcely necessary .works supplemented by a carefully de- rail-way- S.6 Inch breech loading rifled mortars so much of the reg.on l)lng within the veloped system of Interconnecting s. to designate the eex now, as one Is throwing 220 pound.". of dUnched was up. ' entering' upon this rail- projectiles of belt the forts built under the colors fsou's les drnpeaux) liefore nddltlon to nre still was no way of refriger- Is one of niosf. In these there Then too there are sitting nnd Industriously sewing on way feature, which the big rapid Are and very many ating nor were thentoTenee, u.s later gunii the fresh meat tliera, rourh cotton cloth, unbleached muslin Imimrtant parts of let machine guns, of foed for tnk' up the. forts: wnrklng'from automatic available tourccs the nnlj or strips of linen, materials for the bed varlous Home years ago during mawruvrcs mals. Now compressed fodder is to b"o north-o- f and and for the wounds. On the outer doors the the city eastward then only two of the were sdbjcud to feeding of live stock '4o names and forts hnii for the thnt Is the now familiar notice that the staff the south. Their their and yet to foreign military ob- might be closer to or eve n within" positions elevations nve as fellows, attack, driven hai been mobilized and that a Ited and servers it was plain that the. force in the city In casn of need. The Governdr nnd can be verlrVd on the accompany- Cmjs station been established there. tw-- defences reasonably Justified of Taris' has seen to It reserve, sup- -' has plan of cltyi, which these that Llk their fellow workers In the Ron ing military the has tho aksumptlon that there wen prob- - piles of coal, wood, charcoal, mineral U dlfferj-n- t toiirces. Marche and In many establ- been elaborated from .ably en 3,000 gunB available In cheinlcalf, have been placed In,; thos other Immediately' of closf. to Ac. ishments, somo requisitioned by the Fort d'lCcouep, south' the, complete defences or the city, ine storage, nnd the city can with- Government, offered by private Ecoucn, with the Batterie' dis 'Sablon revolving turrets or cupolas are very a siege for mnny months without' tome n Us nnd another battery on Its stand ' enerojlty, symem. discipline and ty rear much akin to the similar gun emplace- of famine. right flank. fear prevail. Tho women aro doing their , ments In. Belgium, nnd the manner In Tho hospital ficll tles of the. city nra. share and only wait anxiously the mo- Fort de Vaujours, 'at an elevation of which tho Liege, forts have endured extremely elastic eitul the amplest, ment when thesn quiet efforts will bo 396 feet, a little U the southeast of the bombardment Is a pretty fair Index of thought has been given to this vital Hevran-Llvr- y replaced by tho strenuous energies that rowder 'Mills' and between what can be expeoted of those envelop pha.'sp of the city's defence. In thU hit- -. may be, called forth within a few days. Viujjours'and Courtry. Ing Paris. portant work the railroads will play Hnwvcr, there Is always the little Fort de Chellcs, Immediately, north of Armored trains have been provided conspicuous part, both tho pprenajWofc oijch of Che(les. at an elevailon of 315 feet. for the hundreds eif milts of railway lines tho temporary narrow gauss humor that nhows the French ' Ore'noylllcre. and Umper.imnru that mixture of smiles Tho fort close to a little tracks within the circuit of the forts, tracks laid within the outer wines, JVj' nd fears, as eacn flay has its sunlight northeast of Villlers-sur-Marn- at an and ample provision, has been made for these means the wounded mon will tjj'. and its shower. elevation of 347 feet. placing light batteries upon especially brought ftpcedlly ifrom the front nnd. Several of the girls at the sight of Fort de Champlgny, at an elevation of constructed narrow gauge line?. For cared for either en rout er hastened to" S3S tlie a stranger have held up their work for feet, above tjiebend of Marne years tho military authorities of Paris the hojplWiU within the city's wm11sv and between Chenncv'leres and Cham- out- - Inspection, explaining that i for "les have had ready thousands of tons of So, too, the worn out troops In thn plgny.. ' an emergency, and brought th'e? arrnes" (the coming), hut several others t rails .and ties for lying fortn can be within having finished, or not yet being called The. fort' at Sury-en,-Brl- e. manoeuvres have proved that these municipality for rest and recuperation upon The fort at Vtll'eneuve.St. Georges. tracks can be laid with great speed and while thn relieving soldiers can be for the army sewing, are putting ' In their time embroidering fine bits of The fort at ralaiseaut with the Bat-trl- e for long distances In an astonishingly transported rapidly to take their places. Galirics, Ter- dlsadvan'-- , muslin, Dlrectolre gulmpes. Ac. des the Batterie du brief while. I'pon cars designed for th.a Tho enemy would work under collars, rier, la'Chatajgnerale, HtMng heard nelghhor In the Battcrio de work 6.1 Inch guns can be mounted, tage in these particulars and in time her another Bedult de' sub- would both upon per. group jay bundle of work Is the Verrleres 'and other and It Is wild that the whole operation the streis tell the that her sidiary work In Its rear In Bols de aiming, firing sonnol upon the touted' the arriving one i.aucy little girl the of stopping the train, at the front and 'r Verrleres. can accom-pllsht- el ove r which hMj up a and says: "C'ejl nnd moving on again be or the railroads the woundt' tiny collar Villeras, a a to pass to the rear an, Pour Its Is newsboys the. Fort about mile south 'of In Uss than minute. would have arrives aussl," This for ahe Paris waiting for papers. bo 'brought to the tlrlnsr' arrivals too, Jouy. The same railway system Is Intended fresh troops " of am- line It would he Impossible to give the (Palais Royal), llrltish clubs of one of Industry, and in addition to the three places you are reglsterrd according, to Fort du Haut Buc, at an elevation .of to facilitate the tranportutlon be regulaily Hed CrniB socle, capabilities, 642' feet, two miles Versailles. and supplies to every one of we m.rjr names and addresses of the "ambu-lani.h- " kind and another seem to murhroom established your and never dhl the south of munition I'nder the circumstances In n waiting! worklngH is to and, In addition, to make I reasonably ask, can the or Ited Cross stntlons on ac- In their growth. It time of tics, whom It a pleasure possession .of mere common sene and Hatteritt llouvers In rear of this and the forts, icrm,in. Inf jti H houses', so, they maintain1 count of the number, which grows day It is true, but It Is a waiting that note, there no end of private the lack of t.eclinlcul training .seem so of Fort du Haut Buc are several, works, possible to hasten the concentration of vest Paris? If can ' troops long enough - W day Kqunlly Impossible tn list tho replete with force; a display time of ofllci's'uwl shnpa under the direction of (tragic 11 thing. , Including the Batterie de;la Forte du largo bodies of at threatened thenw.lvcs there ftiry '1 Bou-piers,- system success-full- y (lermairs" faplfllj Increasing of societies organization nnd proffered help, The French women, many of them of tho Tlie, Government has requisitioned DeHert, the Batterie du rtivln dis polpts. To meet this the city to surrender? The number Ac. wtmld to con- did carry detached In the1" formed for volunteer work. You cannot usual newspaper ads are understudied titled nobility. hteli. Th,e proprietors have the Germans have not the forts s, If a triple Franco-Prussia- n o fnter a bank, public building or by announcement of places to reglstor A particularly interesting depot of generously offered their deserted hostel-rle- Fort de St. Cyr. ' And a' mile to the struct n double not line of war. Paris fell rass a firing line, and was out Tci roulevard focus call for your work or donations. MippHcs and preliminary work Is' In the nnd In a few cases It may be. that notth of It rails back from their them becautn It starved that the latest d'Arcy. be an Immense undertaking day the city can withstand a far longdr Id Is not drawing Its flock of readers, The beautiful hoiike of Mrs. Cooper olllce of Fern lua, the French fashion suspicion Inregard to nationality las Fort de Bols this would system of works In part .if which would Involve much time, and siege and the fortifications are vastly Swiss women are convoking their help-'- r Hewitt on the Avenue de Boulogne Is periodical, the management of all th been averted by thjs means. Alt' along The that Indus- work being superintendence the Fort de. Marly, between Marly le preparation. Without such a conven- more formidable than they were forty, American volunteers are asked to already seethlnsr with American under tie th TJallly.-lnclude'- Redult, 'the and with a at least one hun- - three years ago. tttet t a stated place on the Rue Valols try. Mrs. Hewitt Is giving an example of Miss Valentin Thomson. In all'these Continued on Sixth' Taf Rol and ience front