A publication of the Academic Senate, University of California Notice Vol. 23, No. 1, February 1999 NEWS FOR THE UC FACULTY

Faculty Salary Increases Task Force Appointed for UC Merced Campus Achieve Comparison Search for Begins Parity, Questions for the On October 14, 1998, the Academic • Coordinating policy issues to bring Future Remain Council appointed a 16-member task force to relevant Senate committees for for the new UC Merced campus. Headed formal consideration by the Led by efforts of President Richard by Fred Spiess of UC San Diego, the group Academic Council; C. Atkinson, the UC Regents approved will provide planning advice to the Office a 4.5 percent increase in salary and merit of the President and the future Chancellor • Ensuring UC faculty engagement pay for eligible faculty on September of UC Merced, which is scheduled to open in UC Merced developments, such 20, 1998. This increase caps a four-year its doors to students in the fall of 2005. as developing courses and effort to restore pay parity with faculty This universitywide Task Force will help curricula, and carrying out reviews, at the University’s comparison eight ensure shared governance between approvals and consultations that the institutions. Even so, the compensation administration and faculty of the new Senate already does for established levels of UC faculty remain substantially campus and will continue until the new divisions and systemwide; below those of faculty at the nation’s top campus establishes its own division of the • Formulating the development of an private schools, a disparity that causes UC Academic Senate. Academic Senate for UC Merced; continuing concern in some quarters. The Task Force will serve as the During the budget crisis of the early Academic Council’s primary advisory • Providing academic direction for 1990s, UC retired thousands of faculty board regarding the development of the the UC Merced implementation early. In addition, the University UC Merced campus. Among its plan being developed by the Office provided no salary increases as well as responsibilities are: of the President; and (Please See: Faculty Salary, Page 3) (Please See: UC Merced, Page 2) Universitywide Academic Senate Task Force on UC Merced

Representation Faculty Affiliation

Task Force Chair Fred Spiess Oceanography, UCSD Academic Council Lawrence B. Coleman Physics, UCD Coordinating Committee on Graduate Affairs Christopher Calvert Animal Science, UCD University Committee on Donka Minkova English, UCLA University Committee on Agricultural & Resource Educational Policy Peter Berck Economics, UCB University Committee on Mechanical & Aerospace Planning & Budget William Sirignano Engineering, UCI University Committee on Research Policy Allen Zych Physics, UCR UC Berkeley Lily Wong Fillmore Education, UCB UC Davis Robert Flocchini Biological Science, UCD UC Irvine Christian Werner Geography, UCI UC Los Angeles Joyce Appleby History, UCLA UC Riverside Justin Roberts Biochemistry, UCR UC San Diego Katja Lindenberg Chem.& Biochem., UCSD UC San Francisco Michael Drake Ophthalmology, UCSF UC Santa Barbara Elliot Brownlee History, UCSB UC Santa Cruz Wendy Brown Women’s Studies, UCSC UC Merced News from the Divisions (Continued from Page 1) • Linking to other UC Merced Following are a selection of news the Committee on Academic Freedom planning committees on issues such items from some of the nine UC and the Graduate Council, will as student services and physical Academic Senate Divisions. We asked concern themselves with the effects development of he campus. the Division Chairs to identify relevant of the agreement. “The Task Force is the first concerted issues that would be of interest activity to bring aspects which are of systemwide. We will be including UC IRVINE concern to the Academic Senate into the items from the other campuses in James Fallon, Chair planning for UC Merced,” notes Spiess, forthcoming issues of Notice. Emeritus of Oceanography at UC Irvine faculty and UC San Diego. UC BERKELEY administrators are also questioning the Other members of the Task Force Robert Brentano, Chair proper relationship between a public include representatives who will link the institution and private industry. They group to the Academic Council, Senate members continue their are grappling with that issue as the universitywide Academic Senate efforts to support the UC admissions Irvine Company develops a million committees and the nine existing policy and to engage in outreach to square feet of inclusionary land on campuses. Among them are faculty campus for biotech, software and other members from a wide range of disciplines, under served populations. Members of the Senate’s Divisional Council, light industry uses. The university and many of whom have themselves developed the developer have been meeting to successful academic ventures. including Chair Brentano, Vice Chair Robert Spear of the Public Health discuss ways of benefiting both the The appointment of the Task Force private interests and the university came as good news to those who are Department and Stephen Small, population with, for example, strategic currently working on establishing the new Professor of Sociology and African partnerships or joint research projects. campus. Carol Tomlinson-Keasey, Senior American Studies, are running a In an attempt to reduce traditional Associate to the UC President for UC Saturday School for 10th graders who Merced, is the top administrator for might not consider attending college. tensions between and among faculty development of the new campus. She The 60 high schoolers learn about the and administration, efforts are being notes that two previous faculty ’ roles and the potential made to create a transparent budget. committees, one in 1991 and another in attractions of higher education. This This process would reveal the flow of 1997, provided suggestions for the program stands beside others at UC money through about 100 different academic structure of the campus. The Berkeley as part of the universitywide campus units. Such disclosure, which Task Force “gives us a sounding board efforts to enhance outreach efforts. the administration supports, will and breadth of experience that’s campus The recent five-year, $25 million hopefully reduce paranoia and heated based to guide us,” she says. agreement between UC Berkeley and debate in both faculty-to-faculty and The University of California is one of Novartis AG, a giant, Swiss-based drug faculty-to-administration discussions the first multi-campus university systems and agri-business firm, fueled faculty regarding both current and future in the nation. As a result, over the past concerns over the issue of privatization activities. nine decades, the process of expanding at a public university. The arrangement the number of campuses within the UC LOS ANGELES gives UC access to Novartis’ University has been the source of Vickie Mays, Chair significant debate and policy making, as proprietary technology and databases well as great pride. That pattern continues on plant DNA in return for special Members of the UC Los Angeles faculty with the creation of the UC Merced bargaining rights for Novartis to the have also focused attention on the campus, which will be the first new higher products produced by research. outreach issue and have become more education research institution to open its According to Chair Brentano, the involved in interacting with high schools doors in the 21st century. Senate was not part of the decision and in assisting outreach efforts UC expansions in the first half of the making process, but faculty did offer generally. The two Senate committees century were not initiated by internal suggestions for guidelines and most active in this area at the moment planning. In 1919, the Los Angeles controls. The Senate did recommend are those in charge of undergraduate community pressed for a state university an ongoing and independent admissions and relations to schools and campus in southern California and assessment of the institutional impact of planning and budget. The latter converted the Los Angeles Normal School of the Novartis deal on all phases of into what has become UCLA. In 1943, the committee is looking at what resources campus life. As part of their normal are available for outreach activities. Regents initially resisted state legislation operations, various Senate committees, (Please See: UC Merced, Page 4) including the Committee on Research, (Please See: News, Page 3)

2 News (Continued from Page 2) Barbara Senate members who wish to and other UC officials, raising faculty add their comments to the review do so salaries topped the list of goals to Also prominent in campus in writing to her. achieve in the more predictable discussions is faculty’s relationship to Largely through the efforts of environment the compact created. copyright and intellectual property rights. immediate past Divisional Chair Stanley Even with this achievement, UC Each L & S undergraduate course now Awramik, Chancellor Yang recently faculty salaries are lower than those has a web page, which raises questions appointed a campus Academic Planning of faculty at our four private about who owns the contents of those Coordinating Committee to craft a long- comparison institutions. Robert pages. Senate Chair Mays points out that term academic strategy for the future of Anderson, Chair of the University the proximity of the entertainment UC Santa Barbara. Last summer, Committee on Faculty Welfare industry and its use of cutting edge Chancellor Yang met regularly with (UCFW), attributes this disparity to technology involves some UC Los heads of the Academic Senate to the stock market’s upward climb over Angeles faculty. An ad hoc committee is establish membership of the committee the past few years. The privates’ now looking at these issues and ways to and its charge. The coordinating endowments have grown address them. committee is now co-chaired by current commensurately, which gives them Divisional Chair Richard Watts and UC more salary freedom. Public UC RIVERSIDE Santa Barbara’s Executive Vice universities like UC have also Irwin Sherman, Chair Chancellor Ilene Nagel. Faculty benefited from the robust economy, members currently comprise the bulk of but not to the same degree. Chancellor Raymond L. Orbach the committee, but Watts notes that “we The salary disparity remains an broke with tradition in providing are in the process of forming a number issue, because UC competes for feedback to members of the Riverside of subcommittees to take on the detailed faculty with the top private Division regarding his five-year work of establishing UCSB’s direction institutions, as well as the top public performance review. Normally, both the over the next 20 years. These institutions. UCFW has a group members of the review committee and subcommittees will include membership working on the topic. “If we’re going their report remain highly confidential by many of our administrators as well as to remain a premier institution of throughout this procedure. There is no more faculty.” The Coordinating higher education, we can’t do it if our opportunity for feedback to the campus Committee looks to complete its work salaries don’t match the privates,” other than confirmation that the review by the middle of the 1999-2000 says Anderson. “We need to develop process has been successfully completed. academic year. a new methodology or a new strategy In an attempt to bridge that gap, in order to remain competitive.” Chancellor Orbach took the opportunity Faculty Salary Are competitive salaries at the November 5, 1998, meeting of his (Continued from Page 1) necessary and sufficient to attract and campus’s Division to note some cut salaries in a particular year retain the best faculty? Many argue constructive criticism of his because funds available for salary they are not. Faculty seek administration and his intention to increases were lower than they should environments in which their teaching, respond to those portions of the report have been. Average UC faculty research, and creative activity can that indicated a need for more attention. salaries fell behind those of faculty thrive. A competitive salary cannot at the four private and four public long counterbalance an unsupportive UC SANTA BARBARA universities used for comparison in While more money has been made Richard Watts, Chair establishing UC salary rates. available for faculty salaries, other Four years ago, UC negotiated a important areas of the university are While the Chancellorial review compact with California Governor unfortunately still feeling the effects of process has ended at UC Riverside, the Pete Wilson that would establish the early 1990s budget crunch. Howard same procedure recently got underway fiscal stability and allow for growth Haber, a former member of the University at UC Santa Barbara. The UC Academic through a combination of state Committee on Research Policy (UCORP) Senate is assembling a five-member general funds and student fee and former Chair of the UCSC Committee review committee to conduct a five-year revenues. In return, UC was expected on Research, recalls a UCORP survey completed in 1996 of 2400 UC faculty. review of Chancellor Henry T. Yang. to maintain quality, to provide access The survey identified shortcomings in The committee will consist of three for all eligible students under the both physical infrastructure, such as members of the UC Santa Barbara Master Plan and to continue progress storage areas and computers, and social Academic Senate and two members from on a number of outcome issues (e.g., infrastructure, including secretaries, other UC campuses. UC Senate Chair shorter time to degree, increased Aimee Dorr requests that all UC Santa teaching). For President Atkinson (Please See: Faculty Salary, Page 6)

3 UC Davis Academic Senate UC Merced already had an academic program linked Chair Bryan Miller Dies (Continued from Page 2) to the Scripps Institute of Oceanography and a School of Science and Engineering, Professor R. Bryan Miller, 58, Chair to absorb Santa Barbara State College but Santa Cruz and Irvine were built more of the Academic Senate and Professor of into the UC system but finally agreed to from the bottom up. The transition Chemistry at the University of California, the addition. committees for the three campuses Davis, collapsed and died on October 29, Planning and creating new campuses examined academic and physical plans, 1998, at the Los Angeles International for UC developed as a post World War II reviewed faculty hires and approved Airport. Professor Miller was most phenomenon, driven by large increases in courses prior to the establishment of an recently pursuing research in enrollment demand and political pressure Academic Senate Division. Working with environmental chemistry and to expand University programs in under- the Chancellors chosen for these new remediation processes and the design of served and growing areas of the state. campuses, the committees are credited compounds with enhanced anti-cancer Since the 1940s, the Academic Senate with creating a framework for quality properties. A faculty member at UC has developed a series of studies and academic programs and the resulting high Davis since 1968, Professor Miller was recommendations related to the process national rankings of these UC campuses. also a visiting scientist at the National of establishing new campuses of the The involvement of the Science Foundation. University. These provide precedents and universitywide Senate offered two other As Chair of the Davis Division of potential models for Academic Senate important advantages. One was the the Academic Senate since 1997, Miller involvement in the efforts to create UC assurance that the academic planning, devoted himself to several issues, Merced. faculty hiring and new program including admissions policies, outreach In 1958, for example, a conference development harmonized with required to under-represented communities, on “The University of California: Senate review and approval processes. expansion at the new UC Merced campus Retrospect and Prospect” focused Secondly, it generated broader support and improved articulation for transferring considerable attention on the development from the entire university community for CSU and community college campuses. of new campuses. Among other developing the new campuses, involved “Professor Miller was an outstanding recommendations, the attendees called talented senior faculty into the academic intellectual and motivational force within for special Senate committees composed planning, and forged links with established the Academic Senate,” said Sandra of faculty from existing campuses to programs and institutes. Weiss, immediate past Chair of the UC formulate initial plans for the academic Task Force Chair Speiss exemplifies Academic Senate. She especially noted structure of the new campuses and to these points. After studying physics at UC Miller’s central role in creating a model recruit faculty. They also encouraged Berkeley, he joined the research staff at for assessing academic accountability experimental educational programs and Scripps Institute of Oceanography in 1952. within the University. supported associations between faculty He continued to serve on the faculty in the Miller spent his last day engaged at members of smaller and new campuses late 1950s and early 1960s as Scripps the Assembly of the Academic Senate with institutes, bureaus and other transformed into UCSD. Thereafter, he meeting at UC Los Angeles. Others in organized programs of research on larger has been a vigorous UCSD faculty the UC Davis delegation recall his campuses. member, administrator, and divisional and characteristic thorough preparation and Out of the same conference came a systemwide Senate leader. well-informed contribution to the day’s three-step process for establishing an Speiss points out that the development discussion, as well as his low-key humor Academic Senate division on a new of UC Merced doesn’t exactly match that in transit. When all six of the UC Davis campus. This process started with the of the three newest campuses. UCSD and delegation crowded into a mid-size car appointment of a Chancellor or Chief UCSC were built up around existing for the rush hour ride back to the airport, Campus Administrator, followed by the institutions. “UCI offers the closest Miller noted wryly that “this is one of the creation of a Staffing Committee from parallel,” he says, “because there wasn’t goals of these Senate meetings, to bring the Academic Senate. This group, much there at the time but open land.” us all closer together.” analogous to the recently appointed Task The funding climate during the 1950s/ Miller’s collapse came suddenly as Force, would review and recommend 1960s was hospitable to UC growth. The the group awaited their return flight. In academic appointments and establish State of California had the money to start spite of receiving almost immediate aid other necessary committees such as those three major campuses in as many years. from trained personnel, he never regained dealing with Educational Policy, Courses Currently, the tighter financial situation consciousness. “We will miss Bryan’s and Library. Finally, the Staffing has stretched out the development of UC presence on the Council enormously,” Committee would disband when the new Merced over the past decade. During this added current UC Academic Senate Chair faculty body reached the point where it time, the President and Board of Regents Aimee Dorr. “His insights, good values, could fill essential Senate committees have been vigorous in their efforts to preparation, knowledge, collegiality and with tenured personnel. provide for the needs of UC’s nine existing warmth were ever present and much The youngest UC campuses, Irvine, campuses and for UC’s incipient campus. valued. I’m glad I had the chance to work San Diego, and Santa Cruz were with him for the last year.” established in the early 1960s. San Diego (Please See: UC Merced. Page 6)

4 Notes from the Chair: Governance in Action

UC freshman admissions policy will soon change. Why? Primarily because UC freshmen are now coming from among the top 11.1% of graduating California public high school seniors rather than the top 12.5% mandated by the California Master Plan for Higher Education. Proposed policy changes would expand what UC calls its eligibility pool, while maximizing excellence and access. In addition, they would give appropriate weight to different types of required tests and advanced courses, make meaningful use of scores from all required tests, and expand required high school preparation for UC to include visual and performing arts courses. The proposed changes will be familiar to most of you reading these Notes from the Chair. Less familiar will be the governance system by which the changes come about. As Chair, I am having ample opportunity to observe how this system works. I’d like to share some of my reflections on it. Our governance system is complex, fitted to a complex organization in which power is widely shared. For admissions policy, some parts of the governance process are particularly challenging. The nature of the UC undergraduate student body is of vital interest within UC and in the wider public and political arenas in which UC operates. When a complex system addresses a vital interest, also full of complexity, sustained work and goodwill are required of all participants if the process is to result in a successful conclusion. According to the Standing Orders of the Regents, the Academic Senate is responsible for establishing the conditions for admission, subject to Regental approval. The Senate’s governance system assigns responsibility for admissions policy to a Universitywide committee: the Board of Admissions and Relations with Schools (BOARS). Led by Chair Keith Widaman (UC Riverside), BOARS worked for more than a year to craft a final proposal that adroitly balances varying interests and promises to achieve the intended goals. The succeeding Senate steps are review and approval by the systemwide Senate’s Academic Council and then by the systemwide Assembly of the Academic Senate. BOARS, the Academic Council, and the Assembly are comprised of faculty from each campus; campuses are equally represented on BOARS and the Council and proportionally represented on the Assembly. Senate bylaws clearly assign policy development work to BOARS and final approval to the Assembly. Moreover, what the Assembly approves applies to all UC campuses. Informal consultation is a challenging, yet crucial, aspect of what is otherwise a well defined governance process. Although BOARS is a faculty committee, it involves few people compared to the number who must ultimately approve BOARS’ recommendations. For BOARS’ policy proposals to prevail, there must be early, continuing, and meaningful consultation with campus faculty and faculty representatives to the Council and Assembly. While the Academic Senate has its own internal governance system, we also participate in a system of shared governance. For admissions policy, UC administrators have a consultative role with the Senate as it develops recommendations. Two UC Student Academic Services administrators work closely with BOARS, and their senior staff provide essential analytic support. The UC President and both consult with BOARS, the Academic Council, and the Assembly. Balance of power is the governance challenge here. The Senate must be strong enough to engage in meaningful consultation. Equally important, the substantial resources, stature, and continuity of the Office of the President must be used to promote the development of feasible, mutually acceptable policy recommendations, not simply those the administration prefers. Undergraduate admissions policy is one of the few areas, if not the only area, in which shared governance brings Academic Senate recommendations directly to the Board of Regents, who must approve them. These governance processes are difficult to manage well, not only because admission policy is infrequently changed but also because this policy interests many people. This interest can cause public discussion of Senate recommendations before the Regents have had appropriate opportunity to consider them. Moreover, because there are few mechanisms for extensive Senate-Regental interaction during policy development, shared understandings are not necessarily well developed by the time the recommendations are brought to the Regents. If there are substantial differences of opinion at this point, they may be particularly hard to work out because so much of the policy development work has already been done in the Senate’s internal governance processes and the Senate-administration shared governance processes. We should soon know exactly how UC freshman admissions policy will change. If our entire governance system has worked well, the main participants in the decision making process will be satisfied with the changes and confident they will achieve the intended goals.

Aimèe Dorr Chair, Academic Council

5 Faculty Salary UC Merced (Continued from Page 3) (Continued from Page 4) computer training, grant preparation, pay lags behind the market. UC With another seven years until the target library facilities and demands on Berkeley Division Chair Robert first day of classes at UC Merced, the faculty time. Haber hasn’t seen much Brentano cautions against thinking California economy could continue to influence the pace of development. yet in terms of a comprehensive that the salaries of UC top The official search for UC response to these issues. academic administrators should Merced’s first Chancellor began in These same questions about correlate to those of corporate chief November with an announcement from how to attract and retain the best executive officers. If pay becomes UC President Richard C. Atkinson. As the Academic Senate’s Task Force people for the University of the motivator for attracting and begins laying out an academic plan for California were asked this year retaining top administrators, he the campus in the interim, they face a for chancellors, as well as faculty. warns, UC “will get both the kind tricky task. Spiess notes that they want As of July, 1997, UC chancellors’ of corporate-model Chancellors to do their work without tying the hands of the Chancellor and the faculty of the salaries were on average over 25% and Presidents and the reputation new campus. “We want to keep the behind the salaries of the top that we would deserve.” excitement alive without making it too administrators at the comparison What lies ahead? The difficult for those who’ll actually be eight institutions and at a larger comparison methodology is an doing the work,” he says. Task Force member Wendy Brown group of 26 comparable public accepted and vital tool in recalls that the strong vision that and private institutions. establishing compensation levels initially shaped her campus offers a Chancellors had had only one attractive to the caliber of faculty, cautionary note. “It took a long time salary increase in the last eight and now chancellors, essential to for the faculty at UCSC to develop years. The Board of Regents their own capacity to lead and discern UC’s success. What more or what would be the best way to move agreed to a two-year program to different to do to compete forward and change with the times,” bring chancellorial salaries up successfully for the people we want she says. toward the average of the is under discussion in several In spite of this caveat, Brown looks comparison groups. quarters. How these discussions forward to helping shape the new campus, located near her childhood Not everyone agrees with the will resolve themselves is unclear, home in Modesto. “This is a time to amount of money that the but the place of the comparison imagine new possibilities,” she says, Chancellors receive, even if their methodology is not. “and that’s very exciting.”

Notice Voluntary Contribution Plan Update is published during the academic year for UC Voluntary Contribution Fund Performance the University of California faculty by the As of January 31, 1999 Academic Senate’s Academic Council. Aimèe Dorr, Chair Rate of Return, Rate of Return, UCOP, 12th Floor, 1111 Franklin Street Fund Last 12 Months Last 1 Month Unit Price Oakland, CA 94607-5200 (510) 987-0711 Equity 19.01% 4.04% $243.4 Email: "Aimee Dorr" [email protected] Bond 10.68% 0.72% $114.5 David Krogh, Editor (on leave) Savings 6.14% 0.51% N/A Shimon-Craig Van Collie, Writer ICC 7.36% 0.61% N/A Money Market 5.61% 0.45% N/A Notice is available on the World Wide Web Multi-Asset 11.55% 1.82% $25.5 at: http://www.ucop.edu/senate

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