PROCEEDINGS OF UNIVERSITY SEMINAR ON POLLUTION AND WATER RESOURCES Volume IX 1975-1978 NEW JERSEY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROCEEDINGS OF UNIVERSITY S_INAR ON POLLUTION AND WATER RESOURCES Volume IX 1975-1978 Edited by George J. Halasi-Kun and Kemble Widmer COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY in cooperation with U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR, GEOLOGICAL SURVEY The New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Bureau of Geology & Topography BULLETIN 75 - C NEW JERSEY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY CONTENTS Page Introduction by George J. Halasi-Kun .................................. v George F. Mangan Federal Saline Water Conversion Program (1976) .................... A (1-10) William S. Butcher Salinity Management and the Development of the Colorado River Basin: A Multidisciplinary Problem with International Implication (1976) ................................................ B (1-18) Gerardo Cruickshank Plan Hacional Hidraulico (Mexican National Water Plan - 1973) ................................................ C (1-12) Rocco D. Ricci The Unanswered Challenge: Planning to Meet the Total Water Resource Needs of an Urbanized State (1977) ....................... D (1-6) Ladislav Michna Methods for Estimating of Water Pollution Load from Particular Land Uses Associated with Storm Runoff (1978) ..................... E (1-21) Warren E. Yasso Headland - Day Beaches Along the Western Shoreline of Cape Cod Bay, Massachusetts ............................................ F (1-6) George J. Halasi-Kun Land Oriented Reference Data System - LORDS (1978) ................ G (1-36) David P. Harper Segregation and Deposition of Particle Size-Classes by Hydrodynamic Forces (1977) ........................................ H (1-14) Richard W. Goodwin Design Optimization of a Flue Gas Desulfurization Sludge Handling System (1977) ............................................ I (1-18) Richard F. Krauser and Nicholas K. Coch Sediment Dynamics and Textural Facies in the Brigantine Inlet Area, New Jersey (1977) ........................................... J (1-47) Appendix: Members of the Seminar in 1975-1978 iii NEW JERSEY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY INTRODUCTION In the past three academic years, the program of the Seminar has been concentrated, besides the international and interstate aspect of the water resources problem, on the basic data collection and geodetic survey, including its interrelation with hydrology. The ninth volume is dedicated not only to oceanography and saline water but also to water resources data collecting and to some pollution problems. The entire tenth volume is devoted to the various problems of the geodetic and land surveying in connection with mapping, tidal water, basic data collection and especially the needs of the New York City-Philadelphia area. The eleventh volume is again pollution oriented handling not only water quality but also research in water resources. Since 1975, the "Annual Meeting in Washington, D.C." has been held in the Cosmos Club with the U. S. Geological Survey as host, where each year a review of the world situation in water resources planning is the topic. The most important activities of the Seminar besides its regular meetings were as follows: On Sept. 21-25, 1975 in Reston, Va. the International Symposium on Computer-assisted Cartography was held and one paper was delivered on water resources oriented data bank. In the spring and fall of 1976, two different teams of scientists from Hungary, sponsored by the U.N., visited the "Land Oriented Reference Data System" of N. J. Bureau of Geology and Topography to learn more about the water resources data bank. This system has been in operation since 1974 with the assistance of the Seminar. The visits were feasibility studies as to how to apply the system also in Hungary. In the summer of 1976, the members of the Seminar were asked to write entries for the international "Encyclopedia on Earth Sciences, Vol. )[VIII Geohydrology and Water Resources" as they did in 1972 by contributing 20% of the articles in the "Encyclopedia on Earth Sciences, Vol. IV-A - Geochemistry and Environmental Science." (See introduction to Proceedings, Vol. V.) To date, our members committed themselves or wrote over sixty entries (25% of the volume). On February 14-15, 1977, a "Seminar on Issues before the United Nations Water Conference" was organized in New York City with the assistance of the Seminar to prepare fifty-five participants from fifty-four countries for the United Nations Water Conference in Mar del Plata, Argentina in March 14-25, 1977. Five of our members delivered lectures to assist the United Nations in their effort. In June 1977, the representative of Arizona State University visited the N. J. Bureau of Geology and Topography to inspect the previously mentioned data bank and its applicability to Arizona. On August 15-19, 1977 in Baden-Baden, F. R. Germany, three members at the Conference of the International Association for Hydraulic Research, and one NEW JERSEY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY member at the University, Ghent, Belgium, delivered papers on water resources oriented data bank systems. Researchers from Belgium and Netherland were es- pecially interested in the presentation at Ghent University because they are working on a similar system after they had received information about the data bank in 1974, and they wanted further details on how the system improved since then. The paper has been delivered as a supplement to the report of 1974 at the request of the University Ghent. On August 23-25, 1977, the Geodetic Survey and Cadastre Offices of the State of Lower Saxony and the Geodetic Institute of Techn. University, Brunswick, both in F. R. Germany, were visited to gain information about the water resources mapping based on geodetic survey. From Sept. 14, 1977 to Nov. 22, 1977, the National Academy of Sciences initiated international research exchange programs between the United States and Yugoslavia and also between the United States and Hungary. The Chairman of the Seminar was nominated as a fellow of the National Academy of Sciences to exchange ideas about water resources oriented data bank including hydrology of smaller watersheds and karst hydrology. The program generated ten lectures in Yugoslavia and six presentations in Hungary at various uni- versities and national Academies of Science. AS a further result of the trip, there were eleven articles prepared in English by Hungarian and Yugoslavian scientists for publication. In the joint program, five articles were delivered in English, German, Hungarian and Yugoslavian by members of the Seminar for publication in scientific journals of those countries. During this visit, the Water Data Banks in Zagreb, Yugoslavia and that of VITUKI in Budapest, Hungary were visited. Both centers had been informed in 1975 about the environmental data bank (LORDS) of N. J. Bureau of Geology and Topography. Finally, an exchange of scholars with fellowships, publications, and a joint research program in soil mechanics and geohydrology was initiated with the involvement of three universities in the United States (Columbia, Rutgers and Fairleigh Dickinson) and the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Yugoslavian Academy of Arts and Sciences including Techn. Universities in Budapest, Miskolc in Hungary, and the Universities Zagreh and Sarajevo in Yugoslavia. In the spring of 1978, two teams again visited the operating data bank of New Jersey in Trenton to check operational procedure and details of the system in order to organize similar information centers. The first team came in May of 1978 from Techn. University Stuttgart, F. R. Germany and the second team came in June of 1978 from the Techn. University Lisbon, Portugal. Finally, the editors of the Proceedings wish to express their appreciation to all members contribution articles and lectures for the past three years. The publications were made possible only by the generous help and cooperation of the U. S. Department of the Interior-Geological Survey and the State of New Jersey, Department of Environmental Protection. George J. Halasi-Kun Chairman of the University Seminar on Pollution and Water Resources Columbia University vi NEW JERSEY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY F_ERAL SALINE WAT_ CONVERSION PROGRAM A STATUS REPORT by GEORGE F. MANGAN, Ph.D. U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Office of Water Research and Technology (1976) A-I NEW JERSEY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY The federal saline water conversion program was authorized in 1952 as a $2 million 5-year program to develop new or improved low-cost methods for producing fresh water from sea or brackish water. It was soon obvious that $2 million dollars and 5 years was simply not adequate to make much of an im- pact on the problem. In 1955 the Congress extended the program to 10 years and increased the amount authorized to be appropriated from $2 million to $10 million. The early success of the program led Congress in 1958 to pass Public Law 85-833 authorizing the construction and operation of not less than five demonstration plants in order that cost data could be obtained for the more promising desalting approaches. The first plant was a one-million gallon per day distillation plant built at Freeport, Texas using the vertical tube technology. A second million gallon per day plant was built at Point Loma in California and used multi-stage flash distillation. A third plant was a 250,000 gallon per day brackish water plant using a newly invented membrane process called electrodialysis. It was located at Webster, South Dakota and treated a 1700 ppm water reducing the salinity to 300 ppm. A fourth