INDEX

Abbotsford estate 69 Blavatsky, Helena Petrovna 278–9 Abdul Azeez, I. L. M. 295 Breakwaters 129, 131–2, 240 Abdul Rahiman, M. C. 295 Brownrigg, Robert 30, 202–3, 243 Accomodessans 224–5 5, 19, 28, 190, 203, Administration 5, 6, 28, 30–1, 106–7, 271–81, 283–5, 288 163, 165–7, 171–3, 175, 177–8, revival of 190, 274, 278–88 180–2, 191–6, 198–9, 201–4, 224, Buddhism, Sinhalese 28, 276, 281 312–4, 316–7 Buddhist Administration Report 73–4, 89, 116, agitation 281, 287 154, 158 monks 19, 272–5, 277, 279–81 Administrative Units 165–6 movement 279–81, 283–4, 287–9 Agency-houses 57, 60, 79, 82, 84, sangha 272, 276–81 120–1, 306 schools 201, 210, 277, 282–3 American Mission 202, 204, 271 temples 283, 285 Ammapattinam 256 Buddhist-Christian Confrontation Anglicans, see Church of England 272–6 Anuradhapura 19–21, 144, 166, 287 Buddhist Defence Committee 284, kingdom of 20–1 286–7 Arabi Pasha 292–4 Buddhist Education Fund 281–2 Arrack 95, 231–2, 260–1 Buddhist Temporalities Question farms 231–3 283–4, 286–7 renting 229, 231–4, 316 Buddhist Theosophical Society Arrears, tax, see tax arrears (BTS) 278–81, 283, 287 Arunachalam, Ponnambalam 173–4, Buddhists 19, 46, 49–51, 183, 190, 289 201, 208, 210–2, 218–9, 221, 236, Aryan settlers 19, 20, 41 271–89, 291–2, 314 fi rst arrival of 19 Burghers 41, 43–5, 172, 185, 238 Assistant Government Agent (AGA) 110, 154, 158, 162, 175–6, Cacao 117, 264–5, 267 182, 198, 238, 309 Cameron, Charles Hay 30, 112, Average Annual Growth (AAG) 38–9, 166 46–8 Capital (fi nancial) 3, 4, 31, 53, 57, 62, 66, 71, 75–7, 79, 80, 84–5, Badulla 38, 104, 166, 266 92–4, 103–5, 119–20, 122–5, Balance wages 256, 258, 260 229–33, 301–2 Bank of Ceylon 121 borrowed 120–1 Banks 57, 60, 79, 82, 84, 120–2, 183, British 55, 57, 122 306 foreign 60, 302, 306–7 Baptists 202, 271–2, 274 self-generation of 122 Barnes, Edward 54, 113, 203, 243 shortage of 84–5, 250, 258 Carpenters 230, 240–1 district of 35–7, 39, 43–5, 47–51, Caste 9, 80, 114, 184, 186–7, 190, 158–9 194–5, 199, 221, 223–5, 228–31, town of 25, 27, 93 233–4, 244–5, 257, 280–1, 289 Bikkhus, see Buddhist monks durawa, see durawas Bill Against Coffee Stealing 108 goyigama, see goyigamas Blacksmiths 240–1 , see

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, see salagamas missionary societies 46, 201–4, vellala, see vellalas 208–12, 218, 271–5, 289, 291, Catholic 26, 28, 46, 52, 205–6, 218, 314, 317 284–6 fi rst arrival of 202, 271 Cattle 141, 149, 161, 197–8, 308–9 proselytising 271, 277–80, 282, Census 1, 7, 11, 33–7, 39–45, 47–51, 291–2 116–9, 135, 138, 144, 148, 240–1, Christians 25, 46, 210, 272–7, 281, 265, 306 289–90 Census Ordinance 33–4 Christie, T. N. 150, 188–9 Central Board of Irrigation, see Church of England 183, 203–5, 272 Irrigation, Central Board of Church Missionary Society Central Massif 12, 17 (CMS) 202, 271, 274 Central Province (CP), see Province, Cinchona 4, 6, 70–7, 79, 80, 84–5, Central 88, 98–101, 117, 122, 264–5, 267, Central School Commission 205–7, 301–2, 306, 309 314 average price of 74–5 Ceylon Agricultural Association cultivation 70–6, 84, 88, 301 (CAA) 187, 234 exports 71–4 Ceylon Civil Service (CCS) 30, 110, Cinnamon 24–5, 28, 31, 53–4, 70, 148, 156, 163, 165, 167, 170–8, 180, 96, 229, 299 183–6, 191, 193–4, 196, 204, 297, abolition of trade monopoly in 54 313 Civil Service, see Ceylon Civil Service Ceylon Civil Service, Local Division of (CCS) the, see Local Division of the Ceylon Coast advance 114–5, 245, 247–9, Civil Service 254, 256, 260 Ceylon Civil Service, Upper Division Coconut 8, 11, 53, 63, 70, 78, 90, of the, see Upper Division of the 92–6, 98–101, 103, 122, 128, 136, Ceylon Civil Service 167, 227, 231 Ceylon Government Immigration cultivation 53, 78, 90, 92–6, 98, Service 252 227 Ceylon Government Railways 130 exports 94, 100–1 Ceylon Handbook and Directory 72, palms 92–6, 99, 103 117 plantations 63, 92–4, 122, 227 Ceylon National Association products 92–3, 95–6, 100 (CNA) 174, 187–90 smallholders 90–1, 93–6, 98–9 Ceylon Planters’ Association 76, 82, triangle 93, 128 131, 187, 260, 265, 269 Coffee 1–8, 31, 38, 54–72, 74–7, 79, Ceylon Statistical Blue Books 75, 83, 80, 82–5, 90–4, 99–101, 105–8, 93, 95–6, 98, 100–1, 108, 117, 138, 111–3, 115, 117–27, 297–302, 306, 146, 149, 189, 215 310–1 Chamber of Commerce 1, 131, 187 berries 54–5, 57, 61, 90 Chena 11, 57, 59, 105–10, 112–3, crisis 38, 46, 75–6, 79, 119, 121, 119, 136–7, 147, 160–3, 196–7, 235, 123, 182–3, 205, 209, 213, 232, 303, 305, 307, 309, 311 241, 260–1, 302–3, 311 cultivation 106–9, 136–7, 160–3, cultivation, expansion of 55, 57, 196–7, 303, 305, 307, 309, 311 106, 311 lands 105–7, 112–3, 119, 136, exports 62, 64–6, 68 303 industry 7, 8, 56, 60–3, 65, 68–71, Chettiars 230, 257 75–7, 79, 80, 94, 99, 107, 121, Chilaw, district of 23, 34–7, 39, 43–5, 153, 155, 240, 301 47–51, 93, 167 mania 2, 57–9, 84, 120, 136, 205, China 79, 81–2, 86, 89 245, 249–50, 257 Cholas 20–2 monoculture 3, 7, 31, 62–3, 298, Christian 300–1

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