Book 2056.Pdf
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Benekecj.Pdf
THE EXPRESSION AND INHERITANCE OF RESISTANCE TO ACANTHOSCELIDES OBTECTUS (BRUCHIDAE) IN SOUTH AFRICAN DRY BEAN CULTIVARS by CASPER JOHANNES BENEKE Thesis submitted in accordance with the requirements of the M.Sc. Agric. degree in the Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences Department of Plant Sciences: Plant Breeding at the University of the Free State. May 2010 Supervisor: Prof. M.T. Labuschagne Co-supervisors: Prof. S.V.D.M. Louw & Dr. J.A. Jarvie ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I am indebted to PANNAR and STARKE AYRES for funding and allowing me the time to complete this thesis. I would like to thank all my colleagues at the Delmas and Kaalfontein research stations for all your moral support and patience with me over the duration of my studies. Dr. Antony Jarvie (Soybean and Drybean Breeder at PANNAR), a special thank you for providing plant material used in this study, all your guidance and for believing in my abilities. To my supervisors Professors Maryke Labuschagne, Schalk V.D.M. Louw and Dr. Antony Jarvie thank you very much for your support, guidance, assistance and patience with me, in making this thesis a great success. Many thanks to Mrs. Sadie Geldenhuys for all your administrative assistance and printing work done. Finally I give my sincere gratitude to my very supportive family, father, mother, sister and brother. Thank you very much for your support and understanding. To my wife Adri and daughter Shirly, you sacrificed so much for me. It was your sacrifice and support that have brought me this far. I thank God for having you all in my life. -
![Structure and Enzyme Properties of Zabrotes Subfasciatus [Agr]-Amylase](https://docslib.b-cdn.net/cover/0060/structure-and-enzyme-properties-of-zabrotes-subfasciatus-agr-amylase-310060.webp)
Structure and Enzyme Properties of Zabrotes Subfasciatus [Agr]-Amylase
Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 61:7786 (2006) Structure and Enzyme Properties of Zabrotes subfasciatus a-Amylase Patrícia B. Pelegrini,1 André M. Murad,1 Maria F. Grossi-de-Sá,2 Luciane V. Mello,2 Luiz A.S. Romeiro,3 Eliane F. Noronha,1 Ruy A. Caldas,1 and Octávio L. Franco1* Digestive a-amylases play an essential role in insect carbohydrate metabolism. These enzymes belong to an endo-type group. They catalyse starch hydrolysis, and are involved in energy production. Larvae of Zabrotes subfasciatus, the Mexican bean weevil, are able to infest stored common beans Phaseolus vulgaris, causing severe crop losses in Latin America and Africa. Their a-amylase (ZSA) is a well-studied but not completely understood enzyme, having specific characteristics when compared to other insect a-amylases. This report provides more knowledge about its chemical nature, including a description of its optimum pH (6.0 to 7.0) and temperature (2030°C). Furthermore, ion effects on ZSA activity were also determined, show- ing that three divalent ions (Mn2+, Ca2+, and Ba2+) were able to enhance starch hydrolysis. Fe2+ appeared to decrease a- amylase activity by half. ZSA kinetic parameters were also determined and compared to other insect a-amylases. A three-dimensional model is proposed in order to indicate probable residues involved in catalysis (Asp204, Glu240, and Asp305) as well other important residues related to starch binding (His118, Ala206, Lys207, and His304). Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol. 61:7786, 2006. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc. KEYWORDS: Zabrotes subfasciatus; a-amylase; molecular modelling; enzyme activity; bean bruchid INTRODUCTION severe damage to seed and seedpods. -
The Dietetics of the Caterpillars of Three Ephestia Species, E. Kuehniella, E. Elutella, and E. Cautella, and of a Closely Related Species, Plodia Interpunctella
[ 162] THE DIETETICS OF THE CATERPILLARS OF THREE EPHESTIA SPECIES, E. KUEHNIELLA, E. ELUTELLA, AND E. CAUTELLA, AND OF A CLOSELY RELATED SPECIES, PLODIA INTERPUNCTELLA BY G. FRAENKEL AND M. BLEWETT, Department of Zoology and Applied Entomology, Imperial College, London, S'.W. 7 {Received 14 November 1945) (With Twelve Text-figures) In the course of a previous analysis of the dietetics of great number of individual tests it was not found several insects found on dried foods (Fraenkel & practicable to grow each caterpillar singly. Each test Blewett, 1943 a), it was discovered that the larva of was performed with twenty larvae. When the larvae Ephestia kuehnieUa, which normally feeds on flour, were fully grown and started wandering, a strip of grew badly, unlike the larvae of several beetles, 00 corrugated paper, about 2x1 in., was inserted into artificial diets consisting of casein, glucose, cholesterol each tube. Most larvae of the three Ephestia species, and salts and the moths failed to emerge. Later the but not of Plodia, pupated in the folds of the corru- investigation was extended to E. elutella, which is gated paper. By holding the papers toward the light known to infest such divergent materials as grain, it was possible to distinguish the darker and shorter tobacco, cacao beans and dried fruit. E. elutella grew pupa from the larva, and this method had also the fairly well on artificial diets, but again the moths additional advantage that the dates of pupation could failed to emerge from the pupae. Here the work was be marked on the papers. Plodia pupated inside the held up until it was discovered that Ephestia required, food and not in papers, which made it impossible to for successful growth and metamorphosis, fat- observe the date of pupation. -
Reporting Service 1999, No
EPPO Reporting Service Paris, 1999-04-01 Reporting Service 1999, No. 4 CONTENTS 99/054 - Surveys on Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus and Ralstonia solanacearum in Germany 99/055 - Surveys on potato ring rot and brown rot in Finland 99/056 - Isolated finding of ring rot in Dutch potato crop 99/057 - Details on the situation of several quarantine pests in Hungary in 1998 99/058 - Situation of Erwinia amylovora in Hungary in 1998 99/059 - First report of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis in Cyprus 99/060 - First report of Bactrocera zonata in Egypt 99/061 - Bactrocera dorsalis occurs in Java, Indonesia 99/062 - Unaspis citri occurs in Yemen 99/063 - Pissodes nemorensis present in Asia 99/064 - Establishment potential of Diabrotica virgifera in the Netherlands 99/065 - First finding of Colletotrichum acutatum in Austria 99/066 - Situation of cherry little cherry 'closterovirus' in British Columbia, Canada 99/067 - Pitch canker disease: Fusarium circinatum (F. subglutinans f.sp. pini) 99/068 - IPPC Secretariat Web site 99/069 - Volume 1 of revised EPPO Standards: guidelines for the efficacy evaluation of plant protection products is now available 99/070 - New book: Catalogue of Palaearctic Coccoidea 99/071 - EPPO report on selected intercepted consignments EPPO Reporting Service 99/054 Surveys on Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus and Ralstonia solanacearum in Germany The NPPO of Germany has recently informed the EPPO Secretariat of the results of surveys carried out for Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus and Ralstonia solanacearum (both EPPO A2 quarantine pests) on the 1997 potato harvest and part of the 1998 harvest. • Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. -
Ephestia Welseriella and Delplanqueia Inscriptella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae, Phycitinae), New to the Belgian Fauna
Ephestia welseriella and Delplanqueia inscriptella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae, Phycitinae), new to the Belgian fauna Dan Slootmaekers, Chris Snyers & Steve Wullaert Abstract. In 2015 and 2016 several specimens of Ephestia welseriella (Zeller, 1848) were trapped in Rochefort and three specimens of Delplanqueia inscriptella (Duponchel, 1837) were found at Han-sur-Lesse (both Namur, Belgium). These are the first records of these species in Belgium. Information on the geographical distribution and biology of both species is provided as well as an examination of the genitalia of D. inscriptella. Samenvatting. In 2015 en 2016 werden enkele exemplaren van Ephestia welseriella (Zeller, 1848) gevangen te Rochefort (Namen, België) en drie exemplaren van Delplanqueia inscriptella (Duponchel, 1837) werden gevonden te Han-sur-Lesse (beide Namen, België). Het is de eerste keer dat deze soorten in België werden waargenomen. Informatie over de geografische verspreiding en de biologie van beide soorten wordt gegeven samen met een beschrijving van de genitalia van D. inscriptella. Résumé. En 2015 et 2016 quelques exemplaires d’Ephestia welseriella (Zeller, 1848) ont été capturés à Rochefort et trois exemplaires de Delplanqueia inscriptella (Duponchel, 1837) ont été trouvés à Han-sur-Lesse (les deux Namur, Belgique). Il s'agît des premières mentions de ces espèces en Belgique. Des informations concernant la distribution géographique et la biologie des deux espèces sont fournies ainsi qu’une investigation des genitalia de D. inscriptella. Key words: Ephestia welseriella – Delplanqueia inscriptella – Faunistics – Lepidoptera– New record – Belgium. Slootmaekers D.: Kinderwelzijnstraat 41, 2920 Kalmthout. [email protected] Snyers C.: Rendierstraat 14/2, 2610 Wilrijk. [email protected] Wullaert S.: Sint-Jorisstraat 24, 3583 Paal. -
Antibiosis Levels of Common Bean Genotypes Toward Zabrotes Subfasciatus (Boheman) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) and Its Correlation with flavonoids
Journal of Stored Products Research 67 (2016) 63e70 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Stored Products Research journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jspr Antibiosis levels of common bean genotypes toward Zabrotes subfasciatus (Boheman) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) and its correlation with flavonoids * Wellington Ivo Eduardo a, , Arlindo Leal Boiça Júnior a, Renato Franco Oliveira de Moraes a, Alisson Fernando Chiorato b, Bruno Perlatti c, Moacir Rossi Forim c a Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, Departmento de Fitossanidade, Via de Acesso Professor Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, 14884-900, Jaboticabal, Brazil b Instituto Agronomico^ de Campinas, Avenida Barao~ de Itapura, 1481, 13020-902, Brazil c Universidade Federal de Sao~ Carlos, Departmento de Química, Rod. Washington Luiz, Km 235, Pocket Box 676, Saeo Carlos, SP 13.565-905, Brazil article info abstract Article history: Expression of the antibiosis-resistance category to weevils has been evaluated in several bean genotypes Received 12 August 2015 with very promising results. Among the several causes responsible for this resistance category the arcelin Received in revised form protein and trypsin inhibitors stand out. Other mechanisms may be associated with plant resistance to 13 January 2016 the attack of weevils; however, few studies seek to discover these possible causes. Thus, our research Accepted 30 January 2016 aimed at identifying bean genotypes resistant to Zabrotes subfasciatus, classify them into resistance Available online 12 February 2016 levels, quantify the content of flavonoids, and correlate it with data obtained from the genotypes. An antibiosis test was performed with beans of 43 genotypes and 40 replications (bean grains) under a Keywords: Phaseolus vulgaris completely randomized design. -
Influence of a Diet Containing Tobacco on the Biology of Ephestia Kuehniella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and Its Parasitoid Habrobr
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGYENTOMOLOGY ISSN (online): 1802-8829 Eur. J. Entomol. 117: 190–198, 2020 http://www.eje.cz doi: 10.14411/eje.2020.020 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Infl uence of a diet containing tobacco on the biology of Ephestia kuehniella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and its parasitoid Habrobracon hebetor (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) CLEDER PEZZINI 1, 2, SIMONE MUNDSTOCK JAHNKE 1 and ANDREAS KÖHLER 2 1 Laboratory of Biological Control of Insects, Faculty of Agronomy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 7712, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; e-mail: [email protected], [email protected] 2 Laboratory of Entomology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Avenida Independência, 2293, Santa Cruz do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; e-mail: [email protected] Key words. Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Habrobracon hebetor, Lepidoptera, Pyralidae, Ephestia kuehniella, biological control, ectoparasitoid, stored products, artifi cial diet, Nicotiana tabacum Abstract. Host diet often infl uences its biological parameters and the success of their parasitoids, both in mass rearing, fi eld research and parasitism in applied biological control programs. Habrobracon hebetor (Say, 1836) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is an important biological control agent of the fl our moth Ephestia kuehniella (Zeller, 1879) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), which infests tobacco, grain and other products in storage. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different proportions of tobacco in artifi cial diets on the biological parameters of the host E. kuehniella and its parasitoid H. hebetor. Four classes of Virginia tobacco with dif- ferent sugar and nicotine concentrations were added to fl our diets for moths in different percentages (5, 10 and 15%).The experi- mental design was completely randomized in a 3 × 4 factorial scheme (percentage of dietary tobacco × class of tobacco). -
Biology and Biointensive Management of Acanthoscelides Obtectus (Say) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) – a Pest of Kidney Beans Wordwide
11th International Working Conference on Stored Product Protection Biology and biointensive management of Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) – a pest of kidney beans wordwide Thakur, D.R.*#, Renuka Department of Biosciences, Himachal Pradesh University, Summerhill, Shimla 171005, India *Corresponding author, Email: [email protected], [email protected] #Presenting author, Email: [email protected] [email protected] DOI: 10.14455/DOA.res.2014.24 Abstract Insects in the family Bruchidae are commonly called “pulse weevils” and are cosmopolitan in distribution. These beetles cause serious economic loss of legume commodities both in fields and every year. Pulses constitute the main source of protein for developing countries like India where per capita consumption of animal protein is very low. Due to their high protein quantity and quality, legumes are considered as “poor man‟s meat”. A large number of non-native pulse beetles have crossed geographical boundaries and becoming cosmopolitan in distribution, thus posing major pest problem worldwide. A kidney bean pest, Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) native to Central and Southern America has recently infested stored kidney beans in the Indian subcontinent. The present investigations determined life cycle, behaviour, facundity, pest status, host range and developmental compatibility on diffent legumes and different cultivars of kidney beans. Acetone and alcoholic extracts of some botanicals have been tested and proved effective to suppress facundity, egg hatch and adult longivity of the pest population under laboratory conditions. Keywords: Acanthoscelides obtectus, biology, resistance, developmental compatiblity, botanical management 1. Introduction Most pulses have 17-24% protein content which are 2.3 times higher than traditional cereals. Any stored materials of plant origin are vulnerable to attack by insect pests if the pulses are dried and stored improperly. -
Download Whole Issue
ORGANISATION EUROPEENNE EUROPEAN AND MEDITERRANEAN ET MEDITERRANEENNE PLANT PROTECTION POUR LA PROTECTION DES PLANTES ORGANIZATION EPPO Reporting Service NO. 10 PARIS, 2015-10 CONTENTS ______________________________________________________________________ Pests & Diseases 2015/180 - Xylella fastidiosa detected in Alpes-Maritimes, mainland France 2015/181 - Xylella fastidiosa detected in Coffea spp. plants imported into Switzerland 2015/182 - Ralstonia solanacearum (race 1) detected in Rosa in the Netherlands 2015/183 - Surveys on potato bacteria in Karelia and Arkangelsk, Northern Russia 2015/184 - First report of Anoplophora glabripennis in Finland 2015/185 - Anoplophora glabripennis found in the canton of Aargau, Switzerland 2015/186 - Anoplophora chinensis eradicated from Denmark 2015/187 - Bactrocera latifrons (Diptera: Tephritidae): addition to the EPPO Alert List 2015/188 - First report of Neophyllaphis podocarpi in Spain 2015/189 - First report of Sipha flava in Spain 2015/190 - Meloidogyne fallax detected in sports turf in the United Kingdom 2015/191 - Hymenoscyphus fraxineus found for the first time in Emilia-Romagna region (IT) 2015/192 - Outbreak of Lecanosticta acicola in Tyrol, Austria 2015/193 - First report of Sirococcus tsugae in the United Kingdom 2015/194 - Tomato ringspot virus detected in Punica granatum in Italy 2015/195 - EPPO report on notifications of non-compliance CONTEN TS _________________________________________________________________________ Invasive Plants 2015/196 - How environmental managers perceive invasive species issues 2015/197 - Plant invasions and the microbial community 2015/198 - Internet trade in invasive plants 2015/199 - Two alien species of Bidens (Asteraceae) new to the flora of Serbia 2015/200 - Agastache rugosa (Lamiaceae), a new casual alien in the flora of Poland 2015/201 - 9th Neobiota Conference on Biological Invasions (Vianden, LU, 2016-09-14/17) 21 Bld Richard Lenoir Tel: 33 1 45 20 77 94 E-mail: [email protected] 75011 Paris Fax: 33 1 70 76 65 47 Web: www.eppo.int EPPO Reporting Service 2015 no. -
Biology of the Bruchidae +6178
Ann. Rev. Entomol 1979. 24:449-73 Copyright @ 1979 by Annual Reviews Inc. All rights reserved BIOLOGY OF THE BRUCHIDAE +6178 B. J. Southgate Biology Department, Pest Infestation Control Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries, and Food, Slough SL3 7HJ, Berks, England INTRODUCTION Species of Bruchidae breed in every continent except Antarctica. The larg est number of species live in the tropical regions of Asia, Africa, and Central and South America. Many species have obvious economic importance because they breed on grain legumes and consume valuable proteins that would otherwise be eaten by man. Other species, however, destroy seeds of an immense number of leguminous trees and shrubs, which, though they have no obvious economic value, stem the advance of the deserts into the marginal cultivated areas of the world. When this ecosystem is mismanaged by practices such as over grazing, then any organism that restricts the normal regeneration of seed lings will, in the long run, affect agriculture adversely. This has been demonstrated recently in some African and Middle Eastern semiarid zones (65). The present interest in the management of arid areas and in the introduc Annu. Rev. Entomol. 1979.24:449-473. Downloaded from www.annualreviews.org Access provided by Copyright Clearance Center on 11/01/20. For personal use only. tion of alternative tree species to provide timber, fodder, or shade has stimulated a detailed study of the ecology of some leguminous trees and shrubs that has revealed some deleterious effects of bruchid beetles on the seeds of these plants (42, 43, 59). It has also emphasized the inadequacy of our knowledge of the taxonomy and biology of these beetles. -
Flies(Diptera)
The JapanSocietyJapan Society of Medical Entomology and Zoology (Jpn. J. Sanit. Zool. Vol. 38 Ne. 3 p. 187-1951987] Biologieal studies of flies (Diptera) from molluscnon-museoidcarrion in Southeast Asiabred R. A. BEAvER School of Pure and Applied Sciences, The University of the Seuth Pacific, Box 1168, Suva, Fiji (Received: September 8, 1986) Key werds: snail carrion, Diptera, WestMalaysia,Thailand, Abstract: Twenty-one species of non-muscoid Diptera (Psychodidae, Phori- dae, Sphaeroceridae, Ephydridae, Milichiidae, Chloropidae) were bred from dead snails, Achatina fulica, in West Malaysia, and four species from the same habitat in Northem Thailand. Information is given on the breeding sites, pattern of occurrence, development time, hymenopteran parasitoids, and medical and veterinary importance of the species. didae), rather than the numbers of adults INTRoDUCTION bred, and thus include those individuals that died in the puparium, or were parasitised In the first paper of this series (Beaver, by Hymenoptera. Nomenclature of the 1986a), I dealt with 12 species of muscoid Diptera follows Delfinado and Hardy (1973- flies bred from dead snails, chiefly the giant 1977). African snai1, Achatina fulica Bowdich, in Thailand and West Malaysia. In this paper, BIOLOGy OF TIIE DIpTERA I conslder 21 species of non-muscoid flies of the families Psychodidae, Phoridae, Sphaero- Ps)Jchodidae ceridae, Milichiidae and Ephydridae, Chloro- Psychoda alternata SaylPsychoda sp.: pidae, bred from the $ame series of snails. There seem to be few records of Psychodidae Details of the Jocalities and of the experimen- from dead snails, although two species of tal procedures used are given by Beaver PhilosePedon, P. Phalaenoides (L.) and P. -
Surveying for Terrestrial Arthropods (Insects and Relatives) Occurring Within the Kahului Airport Environs, Maui, Hawai‘I: Synthesis Report
Surveying for Terrestrial Arthropods (Insects and Relatives) Occurring within the Kahului Airport Environs, Maui, Hawai‘i: Synthesis Report Prepared by Francis G. Howarth, David J. Preston, and Richard Pyle Honolulu, Hawaii January 2012 Surveying for Terrestrial Arthropods (Insects and Relatives) Occurring within the Kahului Airport Environs, Maui, Hawai‘i: Synthesis Report Francis G. Howarth, David J. Preston, and Richard Pyle Hawaii Biological Survey Bishop Museum Honolulu, Hawai‘i 96817 USA Prepared for EKNA Services Inc. 615 Pi‘ikoi Street, Suite 300 Honolulu, Hawai‘i 96814 and State of Hawaii, Department of Transportation, Airports Division Bishop Museum Technical Report 58 Honolulu, Hawaii January 2012 Bishop Museum Press 1525 Bernice Street Honolulu, Hawai‘i Copyright 2012 Bishop Museum All Rights Reserved Printed in the United States of America ISSN 1085-455X Contribution No. 2012 001 to the Hawaii Biological Survey COVER Adult male Hawaiian long-horned wood-borer, Plagithmysus kahului, on its host plant Chenopodium oahuense. This species is endemic to lowland Maui and was discovered during the arthropod surveys. Photograph by Forest and Kim Starr, Makawao, Maui. Used with permission. Hawaii Biological Report on Monitoring Arthropods within Kahului Airport Environs, Synthesis TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents …………….......................................................……………...........……………..…..….i. Executive Summary …….....................................................…………………...........……………..…..….1 Introduction ..................................................................………………………...........……………..…..….4