MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT OF THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC

Prepared by: Water Research Institute Bratislava

Report on Water Management in the Slovak Republic in 2010

Bratislava 2011

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 The Role of Water Management...... 4 2 Organizational Structure, Management, Macroeconomics and Property Structure 4 2.1 Organizational Structure and Management ...... 4 2.2 Development of Selected Water Management Indicators in Relation to the National Economy ...... 5 2.3 Relation to the State Budget...... 6 2.4 Property Structure ...... 6 3 Water Legislation...... 8 3.1 Legislative Process...... 8 3.2 Standardization...... 9 4 Implementation of WFD and Other EU Water Directives...... 10

4.1 WFD Implementation Strategy Concerning the Requirements for Reporting to the European Commission….………………………………………10

4.2 Implementation of Other EU Water Directives ...... 11 4.3 Projects for Implementation of Directives Financed by the EU Funds ...... 12 5 International Cooperation in Water Sector...... 13 6 Description of Natural Conditions in Relation to Water and Water Management....17 6.1 Natural Conditions ...... 17 6.2 River Basin Districts...... 21 6.3 Protected Areas...... 22 7 Water Use...... 23 7.1 Water Use in Water Bodies ...... 23 7.1.1 Surface Water...... 23 7.1.2 Groundwater...... 29 7.2 Drinking Water Supply...... 32 7.3 Wastewater Collection and Treatment...... 37 7.4 Sewage Sludge Production and Disposal...... 41 7.5 Restoration Measures in Catchments...... 41 8 Monitoring and Information System ...... 43 9 Risk Factors of Water Management, Causes and Consequences ...... 47 9.1 Floods...... 47 9.1.1 Flood Protection Programme...... 48 3

9.1.2 Integrated River Basin Management and Land Restoration Programme in ...... 49 9.1.3 Analysis of Flood Protection in the Slovak Republic including the Implementation of Flood Warning and Forecast System ...... 50 9.2 Quality Control in Water Protection and Solutions to Emergency Water Quality Deterioration ...... 50 10 Economic Analysis ...... 51 10.1 Effect of Economic Tools...... 53 10.2 Labour Force, Salaries ...... 57 10.3 Financing of Investment Constructions in Water Management Sector ...... 57 11 An Overview of River Basin Management Programmes and Plans...... 59 12 Research, Education, Environmental Training, Publicity and Promotion ...... 60 12.1 Research ...... 60 12.2 Education and Environmental Training...... 61 12.3 Promotion ...... 63 13 Conclusion...... 64

List of Abbreviations ...... 66

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1 The Role of Water Management In 2010, the water management sector of the Slovak Republic continued in the process of fulfilling strategic and conceptual objectives in accordance with the requirements of water policy in Slovakia. The priority actions of water sector aimed at the distribution of sufficient safe drinking water through public water supply systems and at treatment and collection of wastewater through public sewerage systems. The approval of the Water Plan by the Slovak Government and its submission to the European Commission is the first output of the implementation of the EU water policy in Slovakia in accordance with the Water Framework Directive (WFD). Solution to the problems related to floods in Slovakia are included in the Programme of the Government of the Slovak Government and it is among the priority actions for the Ministry of Environment of the Slovak Republic. The Act No. 7/2010 on flood protection came into effect in 2010. The document specifies fundamental tasks in the field of flood protection for the next years.

2 Organizational Structure, Management, Macroeconomics and Property Structure of Water Sector

2.1 Organizational Structure and Management The water management sector is legally regulated under the Act No. 575/2001 on the organization of activities of the Government and the Central State Administration as amended in later regulations. The Ministry of Environment of the Slovak Republ