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Furbearing Mammals of Texas CITES Listed Animals

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Furbearing Mammals of Texas CITES Listed Animals Mammals of Texas (157) Marsupials (1) Insectivores (5) – shrews and moles Bats (30) Carnivores (28) Seals (1) – Caribbean monk seal - extinct Rodents (63) Rabbits (5) Hoofed Mammals (8) Armadillos (1) Manatees (1) – West Indian manatee – extant – 1986 stranding – Federally endangered Whales and Dolphins (14) – bottlenose dolphin most common – most only infrequently seen in Texas coastal waters Accidental Mammals Hairy legged vampire bat (Diphylla ecaudata), one female taken May 24, 1967 from an abandoned railroad tunnel 19 km west of Comstock, Val Verde County Little brown myotis (Myotis lucifugus) one specimen Fort Hancock, Hudspeth County Northern myotis (Myotis septentrionalis) one specimen Winterhaven, Dimmitt County Mammals Unique to Texas Kangaroo Rat Dipodomys elator — STATUS: State Threatened Gulf Coast Kangaroo Rat Dipodomys compactus —STATUS: Not well known. THREATS: development on Mustand and Padre Islands. NEEDS: monitoring Attwater’s Pocket Gopher Geomys attwateri —STATUS: locally common THREATS: hybridization, fire ants Texas Pocket Gopher Geomys personatus —STATUS: Good Llano Pocket Gopher Geomys texensis — STATUS: Locally abundant THREATS: Limited range Streckers Pocket Gopher Geomys streckeri –STATUS: Unknown Threats: limited range NEED: documentation of full range. Marsupials – Order Didelphimorphia Common across Texas – excepting dry areas in Trans- Pecos Armadillo Order Insectivora - Shrews and Moles Southern Short-tailed Shrew, Eastern one-fourth of Texas; venomous; highly reproductive; few survive 2 years: Current study by East Texas Baptist University, Marshall Elliot’s Short-tailed Shrew, Aransas, Montague, and Bastrop Counties; slightly venomous Least Shrew, eastern and central portions, west in the Panhandle to New Mexico; inhabitant of grasslands; entirely animal matter Desert Shrew, western 2/3 of Texas; do not construct or make use of underground burrows; eat larval stage of insects Eastern Mole, south, east, central, and panhandle restricted in their distribution by the nature of the soil Bats- Order Chiroptera 30 bat species – ex. Pallid bat, yuma bat, cave bat, Mexican free-tailed etc. 15 of 33 species Tracked in TXBCD Federally Endangered – Mexican long-nosed bat only known from Big Bend National Park 3 species state threatened State Threatened Bats Southern yellow bat Status: state threatened Threats: Limited distribution and Palm trees required roost sites Common around Brownsville found up to Corpus Christi State Threatened Bats Spotted bat Status: State Threatened Widely distributed in western North America Known from Big Bend National Park USFWS: Need Knowledge prior to any categorization of status State Threatened Bats Rafinesque’s big- eared bat Status: State Threatened Threats: Degradation of habitat from commercial logging and general lack of knowledge State Threatened Bats Southern yellow bat Spotted bat - Rafinesque’s big- eared bat Rodents 19 of 69 species tracked in TXBCD 3 State Threatened Tracked Species Primarily Pocket Gophers (12) – Geomys Desert, Davis, Jones, Texas, Maritime, Carrizo Springs, Frio, and Llano – Thomomys – Guadalupe southern, Limpia southern, and Limpia Creek Rodents Prairie vole – Uncommon – 2 counties Lipscomb and Hansford – Recently reported by biologist Jim Ray from Pantax Complex Presidio mole – Subspecies of common mole – Presidio County 1887 – northern Coahuila 1951 Gray footed chipmunk – Status good in GMNP – high elevations Sierra Diablo and – Guadalupe Mtns Yellow nosed cotton rat – Thought rare and in need of listing – Recent trapping evidence indicates abundant in range in Trans Pecos Prairie dog – Former Candidate for listing as federally threatened. – 97 counties historically 86 currently – TPWD survey 170,000 acres – Goal is 293,000 acres – continue to reach that goal State Threatened Rodents Texas Kangaroo rat Status: State Threatened Threats: Restricted range appears heavily grazed and eroded sites optimal Needs: USFWS more information State Threatened Rodents Palo Duro Mouse (Peromyscus truei comanche) Status: State Threatened Threats: Restricted range (Palo Duro Canyon) Competition from other species State Threatened Rodents Coues Rice Rat Status: State Threatened Threats: Restricted range coastal grasslands and loss of habitat Needs: habitat protection especially resacas Common Mexico to Panama Pocket Gophers 9 Species now 12 – Llano pocket gopher (G. texensis) – Attwater's pocket gopher (G. Attwateri) – Others include Botta’s, desert, Baird’s, plains Jones, Texas, and yellow faced Yellow-faced Pocket Gopher Rabbits – Order Lagomorpha Swamp rabbit – eastern third of Texas Eastern cottontail - eastern three-fourths of the state and in some areas of the Trans-Pecos Davis Mountains cottontail - Occupies upland habitats in the western one-half of the state. Status: Tracked TXBCD Not listed – Guadalupe and Chisos Mountain populations severely reduced with no specimens 30 years – Texas Tech study Davis Mountain population remains healthy Black-tailed jackrabbit – absent only from the Big Thicket area Hoofed Mammals Javelina Status: Declining? Elk - Formerly present only in the Guadalupe Mountains now introduced species Pronghorn Status: Declining Bison Status: Captive herd Feral Hog White-tailed and Mule Deer White tailed deer statewide Mule Deer Status: Declining Carnivores – Order Carnivora Felidae - cats – records of 6 species – 4 species endangered – Margay only known from one historical occurrence - extant – Jaguar - extant Canidae - wolves and foxes – 6 species – 2 Red wolf and gray wolf – extant Procyonidae – raccoons, coatis – 3 species – Coati state threatened Ursidae – Bears – Historically 4 subspecies black bear: Currently 2 – Grizzly bear extant Mustelidae – weasels, skunks, otters – 11 species including 6 species skunk – Black-footed ferret – extant Carnivores – Order Carnivora Felidae - cats – records of 6 species – 4 species endangered – Margay only known from one historical occurrence - extirpated – Jaguar - extirpated Canidae - wolves and foxes – 6 species – 2 Red wolf and gray wolf – extirpated – Swift fox former candidate for listing Procyonidae – raccoons, coatis – 3 species – Coati state threatened Ursidae – Bears – Historically 4 subspecies black bear: Currently 2 – Grizzly bear extirpated Mustelidae – weasels, skunks, otters – 11 species including 5 species skunk – Black-footed ferret – extirpated Ocelot Status: Federally endangered Laguna Atascosa NWR and population in northern Willacy County Threats: Restricted range small population size, habitat loss Needs: Habitat restoration and protection, culverts Ongoing research: Ocelot PVA, camera trapping, genetics, GPS collars at LANWR Jaguarundi Status: Federally endangered Extreme southern Texas in Cameron, Hidalgo, Starr, and Willacy counties Last confirmed report 1986 road kill Issues – loss of habitat, thought extirpated White-nosed Coati Status: State threatened Texas, NM, AZ is northern edge of range widespread in Mexico Threats: Habitat loss riparian woodland Needs: Life history, abundance, general ecology and management Status of Black Bear in Texas John Young and Dave Holdermann, Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, Wildlife Division, Wildlife Diversity Branch Bears at Our Borders Bears in Coahuila Mexico Serranias del Burro Litter size 2-4 cubs/female Estimated cub survival 81%, adult survival 88- 94% Linkage along mountain range Source population for recolonization Mid 1990’s breeding population established Not restricted phenomena 1993-1997 15 bear sightings in east Texas TPWD Habitat Suitability Study Sulphur River Bottom HIS 0.76 Middle Neches River HIS 0.89 Lower Neches River HIS 0.79 Big Thicket National Preserve HIS 0.73 •24 confirmed sightings •67% sightings since 1990 •70% in Northeastern Counties •Where are bears coming from Panhandle Sightings 21 Sightings 6 confirmed Dallam, Carson, Hartley, Oldham, Potter Counties 2 mortalities – Dallam Carson – east of Amarillo Human ISSUES Highways Depredation Conflicts – female bear and two cubs killed 14 angora goats and one sheep – Damage to remote hunting camps – Destruction of horse feed Illegal/Accidental kills – – 2002 Val Verde Co. shot 170-pound sow in self- defense two cubs orphaned – Electrocution Landowner and public attitudes and actions Biological Issues Females share range limiting dispersal Suitable habitat separated by Chihuahuan Desert Continued habitat loss and fragmentation – 17,045,000 in 1990 – 20,851,520 in 2000 – projected 27,183,000 by 2025. east Texas lack of breeding females Crider (In Press) documented cub survival in Serranias del Burro dropped to 20% in drought years Addressing Issues University of Michigan – East Texas Landowner Attitude Survey Texas Tech – GIS study identify, characterize and map potential habitat, and construct a predictive model of Trans Pecos Population Texas Tech – West Texas Landowner Attitude Survey East Texas Black Bear Working Group – East Texas Black Bear Management Plan Published in Outdoor Annual Black Bears are state Threatened species Furbearing Mammals of Texas CITES Listed Animals Bobcat and River Otter – Neither species endangered in the US – Listed because they look like other endangered cats and otters of the world – TPW Regional Offices also have tags along with some taxidermists CITES tag must be acquired and attached for sale/or movement out of state regardless of commercially or recreationally harvested River Otter TPW surveys 23 counties every 3 years to track population Population stable to expanding Recent otter taken in San Saba County
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