CENTRE OF EXCELLENCE FOR GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
PANDIT DEENDAYAL PET ROLEUM UNIVERSITY
Parametric Drilling at Dholera
DECEMBER 2015
Kadam Environmental Consultants www.kadamenviro.com
Environment f or Development C ENTRE OF E XCELLENCE F OR P ARAMETRIC D RILLING AT D HOLERA , G EOTHERMAL E NERGY A HMEDABAD D ISTRICT , G UJRAT T ABLE OF C ONTENTS
CENTRE OF EXCELLENCE FOR GE OTHERMAL ENERGY
Parametric Drilling at Dholera, Ahmedabad District , Gujarat © Kadam Environmental Consultants (‘Kadam’), December 2015
This report is released for the use of the Centre of Excellence for Geothermal Energy , and relevant stakeholders solely as part of the subject project’s Environmental Clearance process. Information provided (unless attributed to referenced third parties) is otherwise copyrighted and shall not be used for any other purpose without the written consent of Kadam .
PROJECT DETAILS
Name of Parametric Drilling at Dholka, Ahmedabad District, Gujarat Publication
Project Report November - 1 Version 1 Released Number No. 2015
Prepared & Jayesh Makwana Jayesh Makwana Released By Managed By (EIA Coordinator), (EIA Coordinator) CONTACT DETAILS
Vadodara (Head Office) 871/B/3, GIDC Makarpura, Vadodara, India – 390 010. E: [email protected] ; T:+91 - 265 - 3001000; F: +91 - 265 - 3001069 Delhi / NCR Spaze IT Park, Unit No. 1124, 11 th Floor, Tower B - 3, Sector 49, Sohna Road, Gurgaon, India – 122 002 E: [email protected] ; T/F : 0124 - 424 2430 - 436 DISCLAIMER Kadam has taken all reasonable precautions in the preparation of this report as per its auditable quality plan. Kadam also believes that the facts presented in the report are accurate as on the date it was written. However, it is impossible to dismiss absolutely, the possibility of errors or omissions. K adam therefore specifically disclaims any liability resulting from the use or application of the information contained in this report. The information is not intended to serve as legal advice related to the individual situation.
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CONTENTS
1 PRE - FEASIBILITY REPORT ...... 4
1.1 E XECUTIVE S UMMARY ...... 4 1.2 INTR ODUCTION ...... 5 1.2.1 The Project Proponent ...... 5 1.2.2 Need for the Project and its Importance to the Country / Region ...... 5 1.2.3 Demand - Supply Gap ...... 5 1.2.4 Imports v/s Indigenous Production ...... 5 1.2.5 Export Possibility ...... 5 1.2.6 Domestic / Export Markets ...... 5 1.2.7 Employment Generation (Direct and Indirect) due to the Project ...... 5 1.3 P ROJECT D ESCRIPTION ...... 6 1.3.1 Location of the Project ...... 6 1.3.2 Approach to the Block ...... 6 1. 3.3 Size or Magnitude of Operation ...... 6 1.3.4 Project Description ...... 6 1.4 S ITE A NALYSIS (T HIS SECTION (1.4) WILL BE DONE BY K ADAM ) ...... 13 1.4.1 Connectivity ...... 13 1.4.2 Land Form, Land Use and Land Ownership ...... 1 4 1.4.3 Existing Landuse Pattern ...... 14 1.4.4 Existing Infrastructure ...... 14 1.4.5 Climatic Data from Secondary Sources ...... 14 1.4.6 Social Infrastructure ...... 16 1.5 P LANNING B RIEF ...... 16 1.5.1 Planning Concept ...... 16 1.5.2 Population Projection ...... 16 1.5.3 Landuse Planning ...... 16 1.5.4 Assessment of Infrastructure Demand ...... 16 1.5.5 Amenities / Facilities ...... 17 1.6 P ROPOSED INFRASTRUCTU RE ...... 17 1.6.1 Industrial Area (Processing Area) ...... 17 1.6.2 Residential Area (Non - Processing Area) ...... 17 1.6.3 Greenbelt ...... 17 1.6.4 Social Infrastructure ...... 17 1.6.5 Connectivity (Traffic and Transportation Road / Rail / Metro / Waterways) ..... 17 1.6.6 Drinking Water Management (source & supply of water) ...... 17 1.6.7 Power Requirement and Supply / Source ...... 17 1.6.8 Industrial Waste Management ...... 17 1.6.9 Solid Waste Management ...... 17 1.6.10 Sewage System ...... 17 1.7 R EHABILITATION AND R ESETTLEMENT (R& R) P LAN ...... 17 1.8 P ROJECT S CHEDULE AND C OST E STIMATES ...... 18 1.8.1 Project Schedule ...... 18 1.8.2 Estimated Project Cost along with Analysis in Terms of Economic Vi ability of the Project 18 1.9 A NALYSIS OF PROPOSAL ( FINAL RECOMMENDATION S ) ...... 18
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LIST OF TABLES
Table 1 - 1: Coordinates of Block Boundary ...... 6 Table 1 - 2: Components of Water Based Drilling Mud ...... 11 Table 1 - 3: Details of Water Consumption ...... 12 Table 1 - 4: Quantity of Waste Generated ...... 13 Table 1 - 5: Predominant Wind Direction ...... 15
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1 - 1: Typical Layout of Drill ing Site ...... 8 Figure 1 - 2: Stationary Drilling Outfit ...... 9
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1 PRE - FEASI BILITY REPORT
1.1 Executive Summary
In order to put Gujarat on unconventional energy basket in India, GoG took an initiative of establishing a centre dedicated to research & development activities in the area of exploration and exploitation of geothermal energy. In this light, with the support of GoG, PDPU established Centre of Excellence for Geothermal Energy (CEGE) on 10th of October, 2013. For smoot h functioning of the centre, PDPU faculties took a lead and started developmental activities for the centre. With time, research professionals were also inducted into the centre in order to fulfill the aspirations of GoG as well as the centre.
GSI has iden tified seventeen active hot springs in Gujarat region. After a review of this data, Government of Gujarat (GoG) directed PDPU, through Gujarat Power Corporation Limited (GPCL), to conduct research and development activities on geothermal potential at these seventeen identified sites. Prefeasibility studies were conducted by PDPU, primarily through remote sensing and landsat imageries to narrow down on the potential study areas. Six sites were identified for conducting further investigation on geothermal res ource potential, namely Dholera, Unai, Gandhar, Tuwa, Chabsar and Tulsishyam.
Drilling may last for 40 - 60 days. The approximate cost of the project would be about ~ INR 13 crores; about 30 - 40 personnel will stay onboard at rig site during the drilling oper ation. Water Based Mud is the essential raw materials required during drilling operation, material required at drilling site will be transpor ted by authorized transporter.
Water will be required for various purposes during drill ing operation and will be ~4 0 KLD water will be sourced from nearby village/town through tanker supply.
Total power required to operate the rig wo uld be met through the DG sets. Approximately 2 - 2.5 m3/day of HSD will be consumed for diesel engine during the drilling period. 20 liters/hr of HSD will be consumed by the DG sets for lighting purpose during the drilling period
Various solid wastes generated during the drilling campaign would include drill cuttings, cardboard, papers, scrap metal, wood and packaging material, oil and oil contaminated wastes, contaminated containers and packaging materials, plastic and other wastes.
All air emissions, liquid and solid wastes will be handled as per the applicable norms of the MoEF, CPCB, and GPCB as relevant.
Critical analysis of the exi sting socio - economic profile of the area vis - à - vis its scenario with proposed project activities identifies the following:
The project will help in contributing to the ongoing efforts of the Gov ernment to meet the demand of Energy for domestic as well as commercial purposes .
Generation of 1 MW of electricity for use in domestic and commercial sectors.
The proposed activities shall generate indirect employment in the region due to the requirement of workers in supply of raw material, auxiliary and ancillary works, which would marginally improve the economic status of the people.
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Thus, it can be concluded on a positive note the proposed activities by CEGE will have overall beneficial impact and will continue to benefit the local community.
1.2 INTRODUCTION
1.2.1 The P roject Proponent
In order to put Gujarat on unconventional energy basket in India, GoG took an initiative of establishing a centre dedicated to research & development activities in the area of exploration and exploitation of geothermal energy. In this ligh t, with the support of GoG, PDPU established Centre of Excellence for Geothermal Energy (CEGE) on 10th of October, 2013. For smooth functioning of the centre, PDPU faculties took a lead and started developmental activities for the centre.
The location of t he parametric well drilling is at Dholera, Ahmedabad District. The total area of this block is 1 6 k m2. CEGE proposes drilling of 1 Parametric well at Dholera Geothermal site . The depth of a well would be 1500 m.
1.2.2 Need for the Project and its Importance to t he Country / Region
India is anticipating a shortfall in energy supply because of an expected increase in demand for energy by about 40 - 50 % in next 20 years as well as the phasing out of old utilities. The natural resource which furnishes the major porti on of world energy are hydrocarbons. The reliance on fossil fuels and the ongoing discourse on climate changes have resulted in a shift towards carbon - neutral energy alternatives. The present energy policy goals of the province include achieving electricit y self - sufficiency by 2025 through clean and renewable energy sources. The province has an abundance of geothermal resources with wide ranging temperatures available for both power development and direct use. This article reviews the benefits and impacts o f geothermal resource development as a complementary indigenous, alternative energy source for the province and as a potential resource to create sustainable economic development within rural and remote communities.
1.2.3 Demand - Supply Gap Not Applicable
1.2.4 Import s v/s Indigenous Production
Not Applicable
1.2.5 Export Possibility Nil
1.2.6 Domestic / Export Markets Nil
1.2.7 Employment Generation (Direct and Indirect) due to the Project
Direct
~30 - 40 persons will be deployed at the drilling rig for a short duration of about 40 - 60 days
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Indirect
~10 - 15 persons would be engaged in providing support services to the drilling operation including warehouse support (managing the logistics of securing and supplying the required materials for the project).
1.3 Project Description
The information presented in this chapter is based on information provided by client .
1.3.1 Location of the Project
The total area of the block is 16 km2 , 1 parametric wells will be drilled at Dholera.
Location details of the block:
Taluka: Dholera District: Ah m edabad, State: Gujarat
The geographical details of the area are presented in below table.
Table 1 - 1 : Coordinates of Block Boundary Latitude Longitude Point Deg. Min. Sec. Deg. Min. Sec. A 22 14 39.423 72 11 32.629 B 22 14 24.143 72 11 29.712 C 22 14 36.207 72 11 17.991 D 22 14 25.328 72 11 15.943
1.3.2 Approach to the Block
Dholera is located 30 km away in south - west direction from Dhandhuka village of Ahmedabad district and 60 km away in north direction from city of Bhavnagar.
1.3.3 Size or Magnitude of Operation
The prop osed project is for drilling of 1 Parametric well in one of the potential site, Dholera.
1.3.4 Project Description
Drilling Activity
Drilling operations shall be conducted round - the - clock for 24 hrs. The time taken to drill a borehole depends on the depth of t he geothermal reservoir and the geological conditions. CEGE intends to drill wells to a depth of 1500 m. This would take around 4 0 - 60 days time for one well.
Where a geothermal water is found , initial well tests - possibly lasting one more month (if tested by work over rig, which is smaller than a drilling rig) are conducted to establish flow rates of oil & gas and formation pressure along with other reservoir parameters. These tests may then genera te Electricity from hot water. T he wells may be drilled horizontal also to improve sweep efficiency and in
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C ENTRE OF E XCELLENCE F OR P ARAMETRIC D RILLING AT D HOLERA , G EOTHERMAL E NERGY A HMEDABAD D ISTRICT , G UJRAT P RE - FEASIBILITY R EPORT turn enhance production. This mode of drilling would also reduce the land used or "foot print". On completion of testing the w ell would be declared as producer well or dry well .
T he well will be completed with a well head in place at surface along with x - mass tree and casing & tubing inside the hole down to the desired reservo ir depth (say 1500 m), but all the other equipment and materials will be removed from the site.
In the event that no eco nomic quantities are found from the well , the site would be restored to its original form (as far as possible) and the well abandoned, following standard practices.
Drilling Site Facilities
The site perimeter will be appropriately fenced in the interests of security and public safety.
Each drilling site will require the following facilities:
Staff sheds with power generator. Rig founda tion and cellar; Space for drill rig equipment, working area and materials lay down area; Wastewater and waste oil pit. Fluid treatment and drilled solids removal package, including storage tanks; Fuel storage area; Cuttings containment area;
Figure 1 - 1 provides a typical layout for such a drilling site cov ering an area of 4 km× 4 km . It should be noted however, that the final configuration and lay out would in part be determined by CEGE . Within the cleared footprint, sheds shall be constructed for accommodating the staff during working hours. A bunded oil, lubricants and chemicals storage area will be installed and a shed shall be prepared for the s ame. A reinforced concrete pad will be built over an area of around 20m x 20m as a foundation for the drilling rig. A temporary waste containment area will be constructed. Three water pits, each 50m3 (Approx. 8m X 3m X 2m) capacity per well will also be co nstructed with cement plastering for storage of water required for the drilling operations. Once the site is prepared, drilling equipment, supplies and drilling personnel will be mobilized and the drilling rig will be erected.
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Access
Car Park On Site Cabins Fire Water Tank
Genertors
Bulk Material Rig Storage
Bulk Material Pipe racks Storage Cellar Bulk Material Storage Mud System
Concrete Pad Rescrue Pit
Top Soil & Lock Pile
Figure 1 - 1 : Typical Layout of Drilling Site
Equipment Required for Drilling
The key items of equipment that will be used for drilling are summarized below:
Drill bit, Drill string, connecting sections of drill pipes and drill collars Kelly (situated on the derrick floor allows the drill string to be rotated) Top drive / rotary table Drilling rig Swivel, to which the high pressure flexible drilling fluid hoses are attached Diesel engines to supply the necessary power to run the drilling operation and supporting logistics BOP blow out preventer Tanks for mud fluid, Diesel storage
A typical stationary Drilling Outfit is presented in Figure 1 - 2 :
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Figure 1 - 2 : Stationary Drilling Outfit
Drilling and Testing Operation at Well Site
Drilling of Well
Once the cellar has been excavated, the drill pad constructed and equipments in place, drilling would commence. Based upon the drilling methodology adopted by CEGE & its contractors, the sizes of drill bits, casings (surface / conductor / production) and other equipment would vary. CEGE has however devised a schematic cross se ction for the p roposed well showing the hole & casing sizes at different depths of the well.
Typically for the first 300 - 350 m or so a large diamete r bit (nor mally 17 - 1/2” ) is used. A length of pipe, seamless casing, is cemented into the shallow borehole produced to sup port the walls, which can be weak and porous and can potentially collapse. The first drilling fluid used is quite often water alone. Drilling will then continue for several hundreds of meters. At this depth smaller diameter casing (normally 8 ½”) is usuall y cemented into the hole. This intermediate casing protects the well by
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C ENTRE OF E XCELLENCE F OR P ARAMETRIC D RILLING AT D HOLERA , G EOTHERMAL E NERGY A HMEDABAD D ISTRICT , G UJRAT P RE - FEASIBILITY R EPORT sealing potentially weak zones. At this stage low density drilling fluids will be used and although it is unlikely that gases or fluids under pressure might be encountered, a blow - out preventer is typically installed as part of secondary well control to prevent fluid from the formation gushing to the surface. Drilling continues using progressively smaller bits and incrementally decreasing casing diameters. Air will also be used as drill ing media wherever required. Changes in fluid composition, and drill bit, are also likely to occur according to the different strata encountered.
A detail of the drilling programmed is under finalization but is expected to follow the general sequence outli ned below:
Spud and drill 17 1/2” section; Run and cement 13 3/8” casing Install and test blow - out preventer (BOP) Drill 12 1/4" section Run and cement 9 5/8" casing Drill 8 1/2" section Record well logs Run and Cement 5 1/2" casing
Finally the well will either be completed as a producer or plugged and abandoned and the, drilling rig dismantled from the site and the site restored.
Testing of Well
While drilling, cores of rock will be taken from the reservoir and a number of well logs data recorded. The ob jectives of coring and logging are to identify the geology of the penetrated rock, to confirm the previously interpreted geology and to locate possible hot water zones .
After drilling to the specified final well depth, various logs will be taken.
When hot water zones are encountered it is necessary to determine whether the composition and reservoir permeability warrants further development. Typically a production test might proceed through the final completion with the permanent production valves (Chris tmas tree) in place. The primary purpose of installing the Christmas tree is to ensure control of formation pressures.
Raw Materials
Drilling mud used during the proposed drilling activity includes additives for providing viscosity, lubrication, and well bore stability, etc. CEGE plans to use an environment friendly mud system, which is non - toxic and non - hazardous, for the drilling camp aign. Water Based Mud (WBM) will be used for the drilling operation.
Drilling Mud Additives
A variety of additives will be used in drilling fluids that perform various functions during the proposed drilling program. The components of drilling mud required to drill a typical 1500 m well along with their function are given in Error! Reference source not found. However, the exact amounts of their use are dependent on the nature of the well, stratigraphy and geology of the region.
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Table 1 - 2 : Components of Water Based Drilling Mud Quantity (Max.) Raw Material Function Required per Well, MT Bentonite For viscosity and fluid loss control 10 Caustic soda pH controller, increase alkalinity 1 Soda ash Calcium reducer 1.5 Xanthum gum For primary viscosity 3.0 Potassium chloride For potassium ions and borehole stability 100 Sodium chloride For potassium ions and borehole stability 20 Barite Weighting agent 300
Means of Transportation of Drilling Mud Chemicals
During drilling program the material required at the drill rig will be transported by the authorized transporters through supply vessels.
Resource Optimization / Recycling and Re use Envisaged in the Project
The following will be done:
The drilling mud will be recycled and maintained in good condition throughout the operation to restrict the wastages. Water will be re - circulated to the maximum extent possible in the mud preparatio n process.
Workforce Arrangements
During the drilling operations, about 30 to 40 persons will be working in 12 hour shifts at site. Since locally available manpower will be used, workers will be able to return to their homes at night and hence no camping i s required at or near the well site. Maximum 10 knowledgeable & technically skilled people will stay in mobilized rig set. Once drilling is over no person is required at site, except for security cover through a contractor.
Water and Energy
Water
The drilling operation and maintenance of the drill site facilities have various water requirements. The most significant of these requirements in terms of quantity is that for mud preparation. The other requirements would be for engine cooling, floor/equi pment/string washing, sanitation, fire - fighting storage/make - up and drinking. The requirement of water as a provision - for emergency fire fighting would initially be around 100 m3 and make - up of the same will have to be made on a regular basis.
The require ment of water expected for sanitation and drinking purposes of the workers shall be insignificantly low in terms of quantity. It is proposed to use water from nearby town/village through tanker supply. Since, there is no quality criterion for usage of raw water for the various uses mentioned above; ground water/surface water shall be directly used without any treatment. The potable water requirement shall be met by procuring adequately treated water from off - site. It is expected that ~20 KLD of water will b e required during the drilling operation at each well.
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Water requi rement for drilling is given in below table.
Table 1 - 3 : Details of Water Consumption Water Required during Drilling S. No. Purpose period (KLD) per well Construction & Site preparation and Drilling 1 4.7 KL operation
2 Mud preparation 10 3 Engine cooling 0.8 4 Floor / equipment washing 5 Fire - fighting (storage - 150 KL, make - up ~0.8 5 0.8 KLD) Domestic Water Requirement (Drinking and 6 2.55 Sanitation)
Total Water requirement for Drilling (KLD) 19.15
Fuel
The drilling process requires movement of drill bit and string through the draw works which require power. The power requirement of the drilling rig is generally met by using the Diesel Generator sets onboard. HSD will be used to run drilling rig and DG se ts during operation. Two DG sets of 1000 HP which will consume 217 lit/hr of HSD
Waste Management
Solid Waste Management
The drilling rig system to be employed for drilling will be equipped for the separation of drill cuttings and solids materials from th e drilling fluid. The drill cuttings cut by the drill bit, will be removed from the fluid by the shale shakers (vibrating screens) and centrifuges and transferred to the cuttings containment area. Once the drilling fluid / mud have been cleaned, it will be returned to the fluid tank and pumped down the drill string again.
Types of Solid Waste
Various solid wastes generated during the drilling campaign would include drill cuttings, cardboard, papers, scrap metal, wood and packaging material, oil and oil co ntaminated wastes, contaminated containers and packaging materials, plastic and other wastes.
Quantity of Waste
The quantity of waste generated would be as per below table
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Table 1 - 4 : Quantity of Waste Generated S. Category Quantity for 1 well No. 1 Drill cutting 400 MT 2 Cardboard, paper 0.1 MT 3 Scrap metal 3.0 MT 4 Wood and packaging material 0.2 MT 5 Oil and O ily wastes 2.0 – 3.0 MT 6 Contaminated containers and packaging materials 0.5 MT 7 Plastic and other wastes 1.0 MT
Method of Handling and Disposal
The general method of handling and disposal of solid wastes will be as follows:
Drill cuttings will be separated from the mud and shale shaker using a fine mesh and washed. Washed drill cuttings will be discharged at the well location as per stipulated norms. General wastes, scrap metal and wood will be segregated and will be disposed off appropriately. All plastic / paper waste will be collected and will be disposed off to scrap dealers. Waste lubricants and hydraulic oils generated from the equipment will be disposed off to authorized waste recyclers . Containers of oil and other materials will be sold to G PCB / CPCB authorized recyclers.
Liquid Waste Management
Sewage Sewage generated from sanitation facilities, which shall be disposed through septic tanks.
Effluent : The drilling operation would generate waste water in the form of wash water due to washing of equipment, string etc. This waste water along with spill over mud will be diverted to waste water mud pit whose bottom would be lined with HDPE sheet so as to avoid percolation of water conta minants in the soil.
It is expected that waste water in the form of washings shall be generated at an average rate of around 5 KLD during the drilling operations from a single well. The wash water would contain variable quantities of mineral salts, solids, suspended and dissolved hydrocarbons, and other organic and inorganic components in very minor quantities. CEGE shall manage the disposal of the waste water generated as per the dispos al norms prescribed by the MoEF.
1.4 Site Analysis (This section (1.4) will be done by Kadam)
1.4.1 Connectivity
Dholera is located 30 km away in south - west direction from Dhandhuka village of Ahmedabad district and 60 km away in north direction from city of Bhavnagar.
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The nearest Railway station is in Bhavnagar which is located near 52 km. Apart from these, nearest airport is in Bhavnagar at a distance of 52 km.
As far as the connectivity of site is concerned, upto Ahmadabad all type of transportation facilities (Rail, Road, or Air) a re available .
1.4.2 Land Form, Land Use and Land Ownersh ip
Block CB - ONN - 2009/7 is awarded to SOGL for E xploration and Production of Hydrocarbons by Government of India under NELP. Majority land in block area is categorized as agricultural land
Topography
The topography of the terrain of the block area is almos t flat .
1.4.3 Existing Landuse Pattern
The Existing land use of the block area is classified in broadly following categories
Habitations Water Bodies Land with s h rubs Land without scrubs Agriculture land Vegetation Industrial Land
1.4.4 Existing Infrastructure
No infrastructure of SOGL exists .
1.4.5 Climatic Data from S econdary S ources
The climate in the region shows broadly four seasonal variations 1 , namely:
Winter : December - February
Summer : March – Mid June
Monsoon : Mid June - September
Post - monsoon : O ctober - November
Information presented in subsequent paragraphs is from the Indian Meteorological Department (IMD), Long Term Climatological Tables, 19 61 - 1990 , Ahmedabad . These tables give useful information about a region’s weather, since they are collec ted over a 30 - year period.
1
1 Source: District Gazetteer Ahmedabad
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Temperature 2
The period from March to May is one of continuous increase in temperatures. May is generally the hottest month with a mean daily maximum temperature of about 41.7°C and mean daily minimum of about 26.2°C. The weather is intensely hot in summer and on some days the day temperature may reach up to 45°C. The highest temperature recorded at Ahmedabad is 47.8°C on 27th May 1916.
From November, both day and night temperatures begin to decrease r apidly. January is generally the coldest month with the mean daily maximum temperature at about 28.3°C and mean daily minimum at about 11.9°C. Cold waves sometimes affect the region in association with the passage of western disturbances across North Indi a. On such occasions, the minimum temperature sometimes drops down to 6 - 7°C. the lowest temperature recorded at Ahmedabad is 2.2°C on 6th February 1920 .
Wind 2
Long - term wind direction data is presented in Table 1 - 5 During June to September, that is during the monsoon season wind blows mostly from south - west. During the period from October to February, both the morning and evening winds are mostly from n ortheast. During March to May wind mostly blows from north - west predominantly .
Table 1 - 5 : Predominant Wind Direction Predominant Wind
First Second Third Month Morni Mornin Evening Morning Evening Evening ng g January E N NE/ CLAM NW N NE February CALM NW NE/E W NW NE March NW NW CALM W E N April NW NW W W CALM SW May W W NW SW SW NW June SW SW W S S W July SW SW W W S S NW/CAL August SW SW W W S M September NW SW W W SW NW October CALM CALM NW NW E N November E CALM CALM N NE E December E N NE E CALM NE / NW
1
2 Indian Meteorological Department (IMD), Long Term Climatological Tables (1961 - 1990), Ahmedabad
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Rainfall
The distribution of rainfall in the region, which includes the study area, is uneven. Average rainfall in the region is 762.7 mm. About 93 percent of the annual rainfall in the region is received during the southwest monsoon months i.e. June to September. July is the rainiest month.
The annual average rainfall is about 762.7 mm. Maximum rainfall in any one month was recorded in the month of July in year 1905 which was about 952.5 mm. July is having maximum number of rainy days i.e. 11.2
Cloud Cover
The are a remains cloudy between June - September, which is the active period of the monsoon season. During this time all clouds cover is between 4.3 to 6.6 Oktas during day time and 3.9 to 6.3 Oktas during night time
Humidity
Most humid conditions are found in th e monsoons, followed by post - monsoons, winter and summer in that order. Mornings are more humid than evenings and humidity ranges from a high of 74 - 87% in monsoon mornings to a low of 20 - 45% in summer evenings. During post - monsoon season, in morning humidi ty remains between 55 - 64% and in the evening it remains between 35 - 37%.
Nearest IMD station from the Block area is Ahmedabad .
1.4.6 Social Infrastructure
The project entails a very short duration, drilling activity. Consequently, provision of social infrastructu re is limited to the 10 - 20 persons staying on the rig during drilling operation.
1.5 Planning Brief
1.5.1 Planning Concept
Type of Industry: Renewable Energy
Facilities: Drinking water, first aid, Porta Cabin
Transportation: Through cars from and to the drilling site
Town and Country Planning Development Authority Classification: not applicable, since this is a geothermal parametric well
1.5.2 Population Projection
Not applicable since the project entails drilling of wells for short time period .
1.5.3 Landuse Planning
As ment ioned in Section 1.4.2 above .
1.5.4 Assessment of Infrastructure Demand
Existing infrastructure is adequate and with respect to the proposed project .
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C ENTRE OF E XCELLENCE F OR P ARAMETRIC D RILLING AT D HOLERA , G EOTHERMAL E NERGY A HMEDABAD D ISTRICT , G UJRAT P RE - FEASIBILITY R EPORT
1.5.5 Ame nities / Facilities
Facilities for drinking water and first aid will be provided at drilling site in porta cabins.
1.6 Proposed infrastructure
1.6.1 Industrial Area (Processing Area)
Not applicable.
1.6.2 Residential Area (Non - Processing Area)
Not applicable.
1.6.3 Greenbelt
Not appl icable as this is an parametric drilling.
1.6.4 Social Infrastructure
Discussed in Section 1.4.6 .
1.6.5 Connectivity (Traffic and Transportation Road / Rail / Metro / Waterways)
As per Section 1.4.1
1.6.6 Drinking Water Management (source & supply of water)
Discussed in Section 1.3.4
1.6.7 Power Requirement and Supply / Source
Discussed in Section 1.3.4
1.6.8 Industrial Waste Management
Discussed in Section 1.3.4
1.6.9 Solid Waste Management
Discussed in Section 1.3.4
1.6.10 Sewage System
Discussed in Section 1.3.4
1.7 Rehabilitation and Resettlement (R& R) Plan
No rehabilitation and resettlement is either required or proposed for the project as parametric drilling is short term activity w ith limited foot prints .
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C ENTRE OF E XCELLENCE F OR P ARAMETRIC D RILLING AT D HOLERA , G EOTHERMAL E NERGY A HMEDABAD D ISTRICT , G UJRAT P RE - FEASIBILITY R EPORT
1.8 Project Schedule and Cost Estimates
1.8.1 Project Schedule
Parametric drilling is proposed to be carried out from y ear 2016.
1.8.2 Estimated Project Cost along with Analysis in Terms of Economic Viability of the Project
Cost of Drilling 1 par ametric well is INR 13 Crores . Since proposed project is parametric drilling to s earch presence of geothermal water in the area, no economical analysis has been carried out yet.
1.9 Analysis of proposal (final recommendations)
Critical analysis of the existing socio - economic profile of the area vis - à - vis its scenario with proposed project activities identifies the following:
The project will help in contributing to the ongoing efforts of the Government to meet the demand of cru de oil and gas from domestic sources and thereby also help in saving foreign exchange resource if exploratory drilling found economic quantity of hydro carbon. The proposed activities shall generate indirect employment in the region due to the requirement of workers in supply of raw material, auxiliary and ancillary works, which would marginally improve the economic status of the people.
Thus, it can be concluded on a positive note the proposed activities by CEGE will have overall beneficial impact and will continue to benefit the local community
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