Archaeological Society Newsletter # 74 (July 2012) 1

DERBYSHIRE ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY

NEWSLETTER Issue 74 July 2012

Throwley Old Hall, Ilam

2 Derbyshire Archaeological Society Newsletter # 74 (July 2012) DERBYSHIRE ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY 2012 / 2013 President MR. JULIAN RICHARDS BA, FSA, MIFA Vice Presidents MR. A. DAVIES, MR. T.J. LARIMORE, MRS. B. HUTTON, MR. J. R. MARJORAM, DR. P. STRANGEMR. M.A.B. MALLENDER, MRS J. STEER Chairman Mrs J. Heginbotham, 59 Hickton Rd., Swanwick, of Council , DE55 1AG Tel 01773 609629 e-mail; [email protected]

Hon. Treasurer Mr P. Billson, 150 Blenheim Drive, Allestree, , DE22 2GN Tel 01332 550725 e-mail; [email protected]

Hon. Secretary Mrs B. A. Foster, 2, The Watermeadows, , Derbyshire, DE73 7FX Tel 01332 704148 e-mail; [email protected]

Programme Sec. Mrs M. McGuire, 16 Carron Close, Sinfin, &Publicity Officer Derby, DE24 9LH Tel 01332 771394 e-mail; [email protected]

Membership Mr K.A. Reedman, 107, Curzon St, , Secretary Derbyshire, NG10 4FH Tel 0115 9732150 e-mail; [email protected]

Hon. Editors Dr. D.V. Fowkes, 11 Sidings Way, Westhouses, (Journal) Alfreton, Derby DE55 5AS Tel 01773 546626 e-mail; [email protected]

Miss P. Beswick, 4, Chapel Row, Froggatt, Calver, Hope Valley, S32 3ZA Tel 01433 631256 e-mail; [email protected]

Newsletter Editor Mrs B. A. Foster, 2, The Watermeadows, Swarkestone, Derbyshire, DE73 7FX Tel 01332 704148 e-mail; [email protected]

Hon Assistant Mr. J.R. Marjoram, Southfield House, Portway, Librarian Coxbench, Derby, DE21 5BE Tel 01332 880600 e-mail; [email protected]

Publications Dr. D.V. Fowkes, 18 Helpston Close, Westhouses, Alfreton, Derby, DE55 5AX Tel 01773 830520 e-mail; [email protected]

Derbyshire Archaeological Society Newsletter # 74 (July 2012) 3 DERBYSHIRE ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY NEWSLETTER 74 July 2012

THROWLEY OLD HALL MYSTERY PHOTOS

This is a splendid ruin! With a A piece about the Standing Stones commanding view over the Manifold featured in the last issue is overleaf - there Valley, a mile or two north west of Ilam, it are, it seems, lots of these all over the Peak causes a gasp of delight and surprise the but the ones at Ashford/Hassop exactly fit minute you spot it. Though first built in the bill. 1203 by the Meverell family – closely Other photos identified by several of connected with the ones in Tideswell – the our readers are a former framework knitters present buildings were started in the early cottage in Bonsall – that’s the one with 16th century and extended outwards and bank of windows on the upper storey and a upwards in the early 17th by another scion former North Staffs railway shed in of the family. Indeed there would appear Ashbourne – on the A515 near the to have been several accretions, makeovers swimming pool. The scene is and mendings over the centuries with unrecognizable now which is why we, who assorted windows and fireplaces illustrating used to live in a house on the hill the passing fashions of the day. The house overlooking it - didn’t recognize it! This passed to a Cromwell family with the may tie in with the suggestion that the marriage of the last heiress in the mid 17th railway bridge may be the Seven Arches century but by 1845 it was looking Bridge at the Ashbourne end of the distinctly unloved and was said to be Tissington Trail. “much reduced” by 1882 – possibly by the Lots of people got the Fall Gate Mill in reuse of the stones in the neighbouring Ashover especially those who knew a farmhouse. pentrough when they saw one and the Now in the guardianship of English Canal Inn is on Bullbridge Hill. Heritage, you can have a wander around, enjoy the views both inside and out and let Thank you very much for all your help. your imagination run free.

Have you seen our Internet Website at www.derbyshireas.org.uk Contents Solving the Mystery Objects ...... 4 Industrial Archaeology ...... 20 Recording in Worksworth ...... 5 Review of Emiac 83 ...... 24 Digging the Cross ...... 7 New Members ...... 25 Programme Secretary’s Report ...... 8 Derbyshire Miscellany ...... 26 Library Notes ...... 9 Book Reviews ...... 26 Archaeological Research Group ...... 9 Small Ads ...... 27 Architectural Section ...... 13 Pilling Award...... 28 Local History Section ...... 15 EMIAC 84 ...... 29

Photographs/maps courtesy of the authors, members, The Ordnance Survey, The Magic Attic Archives or Wikipedia (Under Wikimedia Commons Licence) unless otherwise credited.

4 Derbyshire Archaeological Society Newsletter # 74 (July 2012) SOLVING ANOTHER They are lead mining liberty DERBYSHIRE MYSTERY – boundary stones or meerstones which LONGSTONE LOCAL HISTORY show the division between the mining GROUP ONCE MORE TO THE rights of Ashford to the north and RESCUE! Hassop, Calver and Rowland to the south. They are on the scheduled The carved stones in the monuments register, reference SMR photographs on the front of the last 7326 and have also been included in the Newsletter entitled “Mystery Objects!” Lead Legacy inventory compiled by are immediately recognisable to me Barnatt and Penny in 2004. They are (and presumably other DAS members placed at quite regular intervals in a line who hale from the north of the county). along a steep bank which is below Longstone Local History Group had Beacon Rod at SK223732. (See stones visited the stones on Longstone Edge on map below). Careful searching of during an evening meeting in the the undergrowth, a few metres to the summer of 2011. I had taken north west of the public access path photographs so I was able to make which passes between Rowland and comparisons and although the level of Calver will reveal the rough dressed vegetation has increased, all the gritstone markers. They lie just south of evidence points to them being from the the modern day parish boundary same group of stones. between Great Longstone and Hassop.

Map (with minor edits) from 1879 & 1899. © Copyright OS.

Derbyshire Archaeological Society Newsletter # 74 (July 2012) 5 They are square in section and have a I am grateful to John Barnatt who rounded top with “A” inscribed on the suggested reference material for this north face and “H” inscribed on the article and who made helpful south face. In 1993 during a survey of comments on the first draft. the Hassop Estate for the Ann Hall. Chairman, Longstone National Park Authority, John Barnatt Local History Group. found six near identical stones out of a possible nine which were once there. ______Maps from 1879 onwards which cover RECORDING OF both this property and adjacent land UPSTANDING REMAINS show that there may originally have ADJACENT TO 3 MARKET been twelve. We found only four of PLACE, . them but we had to acknowledge defeat as the uneven slope is now A written and photographic survey covered in deep, prickly undergrowth of a small yard area behind 3 Market and it had been raining heavily. Place containing some upstanding These are unusual stones which building remains was carried out in were only legal after 1852 and were January 2005. Further records and normally of wood. They have been observations were made during site manufactured with care and it is clearance in August 2005 and during interesting to speculate why they were foundation preparation in September erected. They were placed in position 2006. across a large open common before The site is enclosed to the east and enclosure and may have been a more south by Archway Antiques, Crown practical option than building a wall. Yard, and 3 Market Place respectively, John Barnatt, 1993 notes that “Such with only a narrow entrance in the boundary stones are not usually erected angle between them. The site is set into in the Peak District. It has been a slight quarry, with the west side of suggested that an exception was made the site being quarried face in the on Hassop Common because lower part and un-coursed limestone Brightside Mine is in the area included wall in the upper. This wall continues veins in both liberties. However this around to enclose the north of the site, seems an unlikely explanation as the forming the boundary to properties stones extend well west of the mine's running down the hill of Crown Yard. title.” It is possible that the richness of The work identified two distinct some of the ore veins and the buildings on the site, both using the complexity of the workings and of boundary wall noted above as part of ownership in this area detailed in a their construction. A stone built cottage recent book by Jan Rieuwerts led to a or outbuilding (Structure 1) containing unique local need for demarcation. a large sandstone-surrounded doorway Maybe there were many more of these lay at the west end of the site. A later, in the past but they have since been brick-fronted, building (Structure 2) removed. upstanding in part to over 4 metres but

6 Derbyshire Archaeological Society Newsletter # 74 (July 2012)

Map of survey area above and below East wall of structure at 3 Market Place

Derbyshire Archaeological Society Newsletter # 74 (July 2012) 7 mostly to less than 1 metre lay along Society, ARS Ltd and the Parochial the north side of the site. This structure Church Council of Bakewell Church to contained two stone water troughs, undertake a series of investigations indicating that for at least part of its funded by the HLF has been arranged. history this building was used for The recent dig by ARS under and keeping animals. around the in Bakewell In the south west corner of the site a Churchyard revealed that the cross cellar (Area 3) had been cut into the base has been placed on the quarry floor. Although less than 0.5 foundations of an old wall under which metres of the original brick vaulted was the skeleton of a woman and roof remained in situ it appeared that child. A minute fragment of the bones this cellar had until relatively recently was sent for carbon dating and the been associated with and accessed findings were announced “live” on from 3 Market Place, but that access BBC’s Countryfile broadcast in May. from Structure 1 had at some point The most probable date of the skeleton been possible. In the south east corner is within 30 years of the Norman of the site an early 20th century block Conquest - it could be up to 70 years of two toilet cubicles had been inserted later. (Area 5). This would confirm suspicions that Excavations in all areas of the site the cross is not in its original location revealed only very shallow earth since it was definitely earlier than deposits overlying the natural these dates and that the woman must limestone floor of the quarry, and in have been buried close to Bakewell's the cellar area steps had been cut Anglo-Saxon church as our Norman directly into the rock. Finds were church is late 12th century. limited to modern pottery and animal So the search is on for the original bone, and any original flooring or site. paving in the buildings or outside areas Surveys have taken place had been removed. in Rowdale at a site near Hassop Matthew Hodkin Station, where folk memory suggests ______there once was such a cross at the BAKEWELL & DISTRICT junction of ancient track-ways. Aerial HISTORICAL SOCIETY photography and topographical survey have found the likely junction of folk The extensive collection 10thC memory. A magnetometry survey has carvings in and around Bakewell shown many parallel track-ways below Church are very well known but ground, typical of ancient routes. It nevertheless they still remain rather has also shown enclosures with enigmatic. In order to better understand complex entrance ways, not evident on and interpret the sculpture, and in the surface. particular the two free-standing cross The dig has started with a 25m x shafts, a collaboration between the 25m trench sited over the junction of Bakewell and District Historical ancient track-ways. Guided tours are

8 Derbyshire Archaeological Society Newsletter # 74 (July 2012) run on the hour from 11 to 3 incl. PROGRAMME (excluding Sundays) till the dig ends SECRETARY'S REPORT on 20th July. Please check with [email protected]. During the winter, the Society lecture Jan Steka 'Messages in Stone: the mosaics of Roman North Africa' was given by Dr Ffiona Gilmore Eaves. Some felt that the subject was a bit gory and they left the lecture theatre looking a little green. However it was a very interesting and thought-provoking lecture. The WEA lecture in March was given by Dr David Roffe on 'Inquests in Medieval ' in particular the ramifications of the Domesday Book Inquest. The forthcoming winter programme is well in hand with many interesting talks. The DAS/WEA lectures held at the University are already booked. These include :  The Roman Gask Frontier Project  Aerial Photography  The History of the Organ Grinder  The Devonshire Collection'  The Life and Works of Edward Saunders

The Festival of British Archaeology which is hosted by the Council for British Archaeology runs from Saturday 14th July to Sunday 29th July and takes place around the country. This year there are 19 events taking place around Derbyshire - is this a record? You can contact the CBA at St Mary’s House, 66 Bootham, York. YO30 7BZ or tel. 01904 671417. Website:http://festival.britarch.ac.uk/ or Events Guide which lists well over Drawing of High Cross in 600 heritage events. Bakewell Churchyard

Derbyshire Archaeological Society Newsletter # 74 (July 2012) 9 LIBRARY northern sites used granodiorite but the southern sites had inclusions of I’m afraid that are some new fossiliferous limestone. In the Roman difficulties in accessing the DAS period, when a potters’ wheel was library. SO if anyone who needs to use used, inclusions were not seen: the the Library could please get in touch better techniques and higher firing with me first – preferably by email temperature made them unnecessary. or by phone or snail mail and I will try With the Saxons, technology took a to deal with their needs as soon as step backwards and granodiorite was possible. All details on the inside cover used again, being found in the eastern of the Newsletter. half of the country from Yorkshire to Ray Marjoram East Anglia. One unanswered question is whether the clay used had inclusions already in it or whether they were put into the clay from a separate source. ARCHAEOLOGICAL Janette Jackson RESEARCH GROUP ______

THE WORK OF THE

GREATER MANCHESTER ALONG SOAR AND TRENT ARCHAEOLOGY UNIT AND BEYOND

On January 27, Andy Myers told us David Knight came on 20 January about the work of the Greater to deliver a technical talk on Manchester Archaeology Unit. He first prehistoric pottery found in the vicinity ran through the history of the Unit, of local rivers and with reference to from the heady days of the manpower inclusions of granodiorite and also Services Commission, when they had quartz diorite. Various hard materials some 500 people on their books, then were included in both prehistoric and to the revival when PPG16 was Saxon hand-made pottery to improve introduced. He then went on to the workability of the clay and also to describe two projects with which he improve its resistance to cracking had been involved. Firstly, an when heated. Granodiorite is a pinkish excavation in advance of an extension igneous rock found in few places, there to the Metro system which passed being an outcrop in Charnwood Forest. through the site of a large cotton mill It becomes friable when weathered and a foundry. C’s Mill had been a which may have influenced its use. huge six storey building adjacent to the Ten prehistoric sites in the East Ashton Canal built in 1834 and Midlands were chosen for pottery employing about 400 people. It had analysis, the inclusions being been demolished in the late 19th examined microscopically including century. Features found on excavation the use of an electron microscope. The included the outside walls and a large

10 Derbyshire Archaeological Society Newsletter # 74 (July 2012) crosswall where the mill had been RE-USE OF PREHISTORIC divided between two tenants and a pit MONUMENTS IN ANGLO SAXON for shafting. Soho Foundry next door SETTLEMENTS had two phases on separate adjacent sites. One wall of the later ‘New’ On February 17, we were treated to Foundry was still standing: the site had a talk by Dr. Vicky Crewe on the reuse not been cleared until the late 20th of prehistoric sites by early Anglo- century. Foundations of various Saxon settlers. The main area of her features were found, including wheel research was between the Humber and pits, chimney base and stone flagged the Thames. The sites discussed were floors. A large cam wheel and the anvil limited to those excavated, where base of a steam hammer were found either a grubenhaus or a post-built and were given to the Museum. The structure had been found. The second excavation discussed was in association of Anglo-Saxon cemeteries advance of building a new with prehistoric features has been headquarters for the Co-operative recognised for some time, but it was Society on a site which had been commonly thought that the Settlements covered by dense 19th century workers avoided such places. The most dwellings. With a population swollen commonly reused prehistoric structures by Irish immigrants following crop were round barrows, though at least failures, cheap housing was crammed one and a had been into every corner. A particularly found. Some 20% of Settlement sites unpleasant introduction was the use of had a reused prehistoric feature. A cellars, where the basements of earlier closer look at the site at Catholme was houses were divided by flimsy walls shown, where an Anglo-Saxon and fireplaces inserted. They were settlement included two barrows and a insanitary with no running water and ditch; two human and a cow burial few wells. Many of these were exposed appeared to have ritual significance. during the dig which aroused much The larger barrow had not been built local interest. Another topic considered on but she argued that it was of was Community Archaeology which importance to the Saxon inhabitants. It had seen a major event in 2003-5, was possible that local Saxon involving all districts in the Greater chieftains gained authority from Manchester Area. Following the utilising ancient sites; there could also success of this, a Forum for the local be mystical pagan reasons. Later, societies (some of which were formed Christians stigmatised many ancient as a result of these excavations) was sites as belonging to the Devil, created. Another similar event is although occasional churches were planned for 2012-15, but Andy built on Prehistoric sites. finished on a sad note, for the Archaeology Unit looks likely to be Janette Jackson disbanded following severe financial cuts. Janette Jackson

Derbyshire Archaeological Society Newsletter # 74 (July 2012) 11 CAVES SURVEY

On 30th March, Dr David Walker came to tell us of the work of Trent and Peak Archaeology, in conjunction with English Heritage, and the New York Trust, on Nottingham's sandstone caves. All of Nottingham's caves are cut into a bedrock of sandstone known as Sherwood sandstone. This sandstone spreads immediately north of the Trent floodplain and covers most of Photo: © Trent & Peak Archaeology/ . The sandstone University of Nottingham is subdivided into three main rock types, the oldest is the Lenton The caves were also used as ice houses sandstone which is very fine grain, the and restaurants. sandstone and the In conclusion, Dr Walker explained Mercian mudstone which is the with examples, all the caves that can be youngest. This formation makes an accessed, will be surveyed with a 3D ideal base for excavation and laser scanner, producing a full producing caves. measured record of the caves in three Dr Walker gave us a remarkable dimensions, which can then be shown display in reconstruction with visual as short videos. In his own words, "As technology of the existing caves, many a job lot - these things need preserving- have been lost during building the city we need to promote education, they are of Nottingham. The existing ones have in danger of being replaced with become additions to the current supermarkets". buildings, housing for example 28 malt Janette Jackson kiln caves, plus the temperature of the sandstone makes an ideal climate for ______storing ale. Other cave houses have been dated back to 1250. Within the City of Caves attraction, situated A VISIT TO underneath the shopping AND MARSTON MONTGOMERY centre is a medieval tanning cave. In the Victorian period a number of caves On the 26th June a group 30 strong were cut as follies, including, Daniel in arrived in the drizzle, which didn't stop the Lion's Den cave, cut in 1856 in the all day. However, it didn't deter us sandstone garden of a wealthy lace from having a very enjoyable and manufacturer. Wealthy industrialists informative day. On arrival at Bentley carved staircases and ornate columns. Fields Farm we were met by Richard

12 Derbyshire Archaeological Society Newsletter # 74 (July 2012) Spencer the farmer, as he explained, magnetometry readings, with the farm and pasture land had been in equipment of loan from English his family for more than three Heritage. He showed us Aerial generations. He was extremely photographs of Hungry Bentley and knowledgeable and very enthusiastic to annotated copies highlighting the main show us the remaining features on his anomalies. In conclusion the survey land of the deserted medieval village of area is extremely busy, and the main Hungry Bentley. His experience of hollow-ways can be seen very clearly farming had led him to reach the very on the readings. We then went on to plausible explanation that the demise see an interesting table of finds, of the village had been due to poor uniform buttons, shoe buckles, and agriculture, the change in climate, and bone, found in and around the area the Black Death. It is recorded even as over a number of years. late as 1801 that the township of We then went on to Cubley Hall Hungry Bentley had a population of Moated Site, under English Heritage 82. The evidence of previous medieval protection. Some of us took the farm buildings, and maybe even a opportunity to admire the grade 1 listed chapel, was backed up by Winston Church of St. Andrew, Mid C11, Hollins from Stoke on Trent Museum restored in 1872, almost opposite. Archaeological Society and the use of Worth a future visit.

The farmer at Hungry Bentley

Derbyshire Archaeological Society Newsletter # 74 (July 2012) 13 Proceeding then through lush more a country house. There is one countryside, until we reached the pretty medieval solar tower remaining village of Marston Montgomery. We formerly attached to a Hall. This tower then had our lunch in a typical English was added to with additional buildings Garden, courtesy of the owner, in the 17th, 18th, and 19th century. Rosemary Yates, who then took us a Evidence exists for the site being tour of the Saxon village, passing by originally moated. the library of the village, located in a It is sited in a remote part of redundant telephone kiosk. Finally, Cumberland, mountainous, with tidal visiting St. Giles Church built in stone, crossings, originally built to guard a one of the oldest churches in the whole ford over the nearby River Esk. It came of Derbyshire, complete with a 500 into the possession of the Pennington year old Yew tree in the churchyard. family about the time of the Norman Janette Jackson conquest. Adam was part of a team that investigated ‘The architectural ARCHITECTURAL Heritage of Muncaster Castle’-a Local SECTION Heritage initiative which recorded it’s Phase 1 research report in August 2005. It’s prime aim was to stimulate a MUNCASTER CASTLE, much more detailed physical invest- RAVENGLASS igation by architectural historians. Subsequent to this report Adam was A talk by Adam Menuge, Senior able to give us first hand insights into investigator, EH, 11 November 2011. more up to date investigations. There There was good attendance for the was no evidence to support the theory talk which started with Adam saying of former Roman foundations. He said that Muncaster was not a true castle of 16th and 17th century phases thought

The Castle near Ravenglass

14 Derbyshire Archaeological Society Newsletter # 74 (July 2012) to exist, that not much architectural KEEPING OUT THE RAIN: could be found with confidence. A 1000 YEARS OF ROOFING Looking at the existing 19th century IN THE WEST MIDLANDS cross windows Adam realized that 2 lumps of sandstone to either side of the On 10th February, Bob Meeson windows did not accord with the returned to give us a talk entitled '1000 present architecture and were remnants years of roofing in the West Midlands', of a 17th century phase - precedents to in which timber structures from the 9th Rose Abbey being drawn. He talked us to the 19th century were described. through various documents that gave Existing Anglo-Saxon roofs are rare as us a fascinating insight into the hen's teeth, but it was postulated that arrangement, Phases, use of the post-built houses of the period had building, and architectural features timbers connecting pairs of posts, such as quoins of distinct pattern of rather like tie beams. This type of roof dressing, roughcast render, and persisted after the Norman conquest. “wimsical Gothik”. We were shown examples of the Details were discussed of who splendid timber structures of the carried out the work to various later Medieval period, mainly drawn from phases, including In 1862 the the West Midlands, but sometimes fashionable architect Anthony Salvin from elsewhere. Several examples of being commissioned by the fourth the open roof structures designed to be Lord Muncaster to rebuild the house. seen and admired were described. Muncaster Castle estate in the early Subjects mentioned included methods 20th century was around 23,000 acres of bracing rafter pairs including wind- in size. Today, the castle is surrounded braces and the introduction of purlins, by 77 acres (310,000 m2) of woodland the use of crown post roofs and gardens in a park of some 1,800 acres. Hewitt's work on dating joints. Crucks Malcolm Birdsall and half-crucks were described in

An unloved Cruck Frame in . 2005

Derbyshire Archaeological Society Newsletter # 74 (July 2012) 15 some detail, with discussion as to also the early industrial history of which came first. Derby. Joan D’Arcy’s research on John Conventional thinking put the full Harrison began in 2002 when cruck as preceding the half, but nineteenth century Chester House in dendrochronology dating has cast Derby was to be demolished. Chester doubt on this. The talk ended with a House was once the home of members reference to fabricated beams in the of the Harrison Family. 19th century. John D'Arcy William Harrison, John’s father, had premises at 46- 47 Bridge Gate ______and a boiler works on Road near to St Mary’s Bridge. He worked LITCHURCH – FROM GREEN as a whitesmith for the borough at the GRASS TO RED BRICK beginning of the nineteenth century and had a contract for keeping Derby’s After the section AGM on 9th gas lamps in good working order. He March, the Society was given a well also did work for the jail making illustrated talk by Jane James on the chains needed for controlling violent Derby suburb of Litchurch. The prisoners or safely transporting them emphasis of the lecture was on the on journeys and he did work at history of the area: its development Kedleston Hall. from an agricultural township to William died in 1819 and John Derby's first industrial suburb. We saw carried on his work, inheriting the the effect of the introduction of valuable contacts that his father had industry on the population in the 19th made e.g. two years after his father’s century. From an architectural death John was making mileposts for viewpoint, there are a few good villas the borough. He went on to advertise a of that period, of which we will learn wide variety of work from hot air more when Jane leads a tour of the area systems for churches, mansions and on 10th August. Gwen Sandhu greenhouses and iron manufactory such as gasometers of any size and shape, weighing machines, iron pleasure and canal boats and steam LOCAL HISTORY boilers. SECTION There is much evidence of the work he advertised in and around Derby. In 1834 he made a gasometer for Derby JOHN HARRISON OF DERBY and another for Nottingham. He made C1784 – 1861. a roasting jack and range for Kedleston Hall and in 1822 a large hot cupboard On 3rd. Feb 2012 this lecture which is still in the Hall. In 1834 he attracted a large audience of members made a cooking range for the Judges interested not only in local history but Lodgings in Nottingham; this range is

16 Derbyshire Archaeological Society Newsletter # 74 (July 2012) now in Pickford House in Derby. Work FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE at included ventilators for the stables and the church gates and Clive Tougher is a passionate fencing, still in situ today. advocate of all things Nightingale, and Hot air heating systems were what this shone through in the second part of he did best. He supplied hot air his presentation on the life and work of regulators for The Great Hall at Florence Nightingale which he Kedleston, Woollaton Hall, Shire Hall delivered at the Section AGM. He took Nottingham and The Guidhall in us through all her work in campaigning Derby. He installed the heating to improve conditions in hospitals systems for the churches at Calke, throughout the world, starting with the Ticknall and Walton on Trent and for aftermath of Crimea and continuing The Camellia House at Woollaton. At through the appalling conditions that Calke Abbey he installed a cockle prevailed in colonial India. boiler to heat the orangery and in 1837 He brought us right up to date with erected a dome as an addition to the the campaign to safeguard the key existing eighteenth century orangery to features of Nightingale heritage in and help with the circulation of warm air. around the former DRI site and urged He also built the Pump House in the members 'to do their bit' in trying to grounds of Elvaston Castle. ensure that more does not disappear However, in 1851 he went with the redevelopment of the bankrupt; Chester House was sold and Infirmary and its environs. his Boiler Works. A sale of equipment followed. After the lecture there was Dudley Fowkes speculation about the cause of the ______bankruptcy: maybe he had laid out too much money subcontracting out work VISIT TO MANSFIELD such as pattern making or perhaps 22 MAY 2012 some of the gentry that he worked for had been slow to settle their bills. On the first fine evening after six John Harrison died in 1861 and was rainy weeks, a very small group of probably buried in Nottingham Road DAS members, just eight in number, Cemetery but no memorial to him has gathered in Mansfield at the Bentinck been found. Joan’s research is on- Memorial in the Market Place for our going and she would welcome further visit, with our guide Pauline Ashton. information about this early Derby Much of the town is pedestrianised and industrialist. we virtually had the place to ourselves. Pauline explained how the market Joan Davies place had been redeveloped in the early 1800s, with just one of the little shops, the Chad building surviving that. Other survivors such as the Moot Hall of

Derbyshire Archaeological Society Newsletter # 74 (July 2012) 17

Members at the back of the Old Meeting House in Mansfield

1752 and the Town Hall were pointed Mansfield may be perceived as a out and we were told about their ‘mining town’ by those who have not changing uses. We then went down visited and it is dominated by the huge West Gate where we were able to see viaduct of 1875 built by the Midland that a considerable amount of old Railway Company, but much of the old Mansfield still survived, despite the market town has survived and it was inevitable 1960s faceless ‘modern well worth the visit, our thanks to development’ that no town seems Pauline for a most interesting tour and without. making us aware that there was so One of the most interesting much to see in Mansfield. It is a pity buildings was the Old Meeting House that so few of us were able to come. off West Gate which was founded in 1662 and reputed to be one of the Sue Brown oldest nonconformist church buildings in the country.

18 Derbyshire Archaeological Society Newsletter # 74 (July 2012) ST CUTHBERT’S CHURCH octagonal meeting room was built in DOVERIDGE the twentieth century on the north side of the church. Wednesday 20th June was a fine There are several memorials in the evening for our visit to St Cuthbert’s chancel including a large seventeenth Church, Doveridge. The nave and century wall monument to William chancel of the church are very wide Davenport and his wife Mary, facing and high; there is no chancel arch and each other across a prayer desk with very little stained glass making for a their praying children below and a light and spacious interior. baby in a cradle with carved drapery. Mrs Gill Bryan, our guide this This monument is so large that it evening, outlined the history of the impinges on the thirteenth century church and answered questions double piscina below. Also in the afterwards. There was a priest and a chancel is the iron bound parish chest church here at Domesday and there is and two 1617 Bibles from this chest evidence that the nave was begun in were out on display this evening. An the eleventh century but there has been eighteenth century inscription states much reconstruction to the original that they were given by John stonework since. The lower part of the Fitzherbert, vicar, to the vicars of the tower and the chancel were built in the church that came after him. late twelfth and early thirteenth centuries The north and south aisles were added in the fourteenth century. In the fifteenth century the height of the church was increased and the large five light east window was inserted into the chancel This window is now filled with plain glass but some fragments of the original medieval glass are assembled in a window at the west end of the south aisle. The Chancel Arch might have been removed during these alterations to the church. Seven high windows were added to the nave at this time. The upper part of the tower and the spire were also built in the fifteenth century. In the eighteenth century a wooden musicians’ gallery was constructed at the west end of the nave but was demolished in the nineteenth century to make room for the organ. Pews were installed in the nineteenth century. An The Monument in the Church

Derbyshire Archaeological Society Newsletter # 74 (July 2012) 19

Blackwall, whose family had been at Blackwall since 1414. The house faces south over a grassy slope, dotted with mature trees including a fine copper beech and a huge monkey puzzle. It has a central block of three bays of three stories, dominated by large Venetian windows on two floors; a double flight of steps leads up to a central doorway with a church-like porch. This central part is an infill between the wings and is topped by a pretty Dutch style gable. The earlier part of the house can be glimpsed behind, with an east-west roof and large stone chimney stacks. Lower wings on either side have been added; there are several blocked openings showing where changes had been made. A reason for many of these changes was that the road level behind the house had been raised, blocking the Members under the old Yew Tree northern ground floor windows so that that floor became a cellar and In the churchyard is one of the everything moved up a level! A short oldest yew trees in the county, its tour of the garden showed a patio on branches supported by posts. the site of a large greenhouse and a Welcome refreshments were served curious stone table of unknown date. in the Octagon at the end of the visit. Inside, the rooms are modest size for this style of building. We saw two Joan Davies good fireplaces, though these were ______recent acquisitions. There are numerous changes of level owing to BLACKWALL HOUSE the changes over the years, and several & KIRK IRETON family portraits, notably Anthony Blackwall who was a scholar of the The section outing to Blackwall 17th century and a headmaster of House and Kirk Ireton Church took Derby School. After the tour, we were place on July 1st, when a party of 30 treated to tea and very tasty cakes. chanced the changeable weather. At Most of the party then proceeded to the House, we received a very friendly Kirk Ireton Church, where Tony Short welcome from the owner, John was waiting to tell us about its history

20 Derbyshire Archaeological Society Newsletter # 74 (July 2012) and features. It is based on a 12th Mark first outlined the history of century building with short Norman the line. In the early nineteenth arcades of two arches and a low tower. century, the citizens of Whitby, Work was done in the 14th century sensing a decline in their once when the chancel was enlarged, with prosperous seaborne trade, turned their some excellent stonework including a attention to their poor landward well-carved vestry doorway and a connections. Following an abortive sheep’s head on a redundant corbel. canal proposal and with advice from The nave was fitted with a gallery in George Stephenson, a scheme for a the 18th century but this has been railway SSW to Pickering was removed. There are no notable tombs successfully canvassed. Authorised in but a few memorial plaques, including 1833, the Whitby and Pickering one to a young Blackwell killed while Railway was opened throughout in serving in the Women’s Land Army in 1836 – a commendably early date in Cornwall in 1944. Some of us ventured railway terms. Traffic was horse- up the ladder in the tower - very steep, drawn with the exception of one rope- very dirty - to see the bells and a green hauled incline at Goathland. This man with his face to the wall carved on regime was not profitable, however, a reused beam. and the company was bought in 1845 Sue Brown by the York and North and re-built for locomotive working. The re-building was extensive and included replacing all INDUSTRIAL the timber bridges in iron, enlarging ARCHAEOLOGY the short tunnel at Grosmont, and SECTION creating a long climbing section on a new alignment to avoid the rope- hauled incline. The line re-opened in 1847. The company was absorbed into 2012 AGM AND NORTH the North Eastern Railway in 1854 and YORKSHIRE MOORS RAILWAY into the LNER in 1923. Mark then gave us a generously The Industrial Section’s Annual illustrated tour of the line, with many General Meeting on 16 March 2012 photographic pairs of “then and now” sprang no surprises. The Summer interest. From Whitby, the line follows Programme was outlined; all the the River Esk to Grosmont – a section serving officers and committee is still owned by Network Rail as part members were re-elected. The meeting of their line to Middlesbrough. From then welcomed an old friend and Grosmont the preserved line climbs colleague, Mark Sissons, to talk on the steadily on the “new” (1847) alignment North Yorkshire Moors Railway with to Goathland Station and then which he has been associated since its Goathland Summit. Once over the inception. watershed, the line follows the

Derbyshire Archaeological Society Newsletter # 74 (July 2012) 21

The Sir Nigel Gresley in 2009 on the NYMR

Newtondale “glacial overflow” valley some significant new works. Two down to Pickering. It serves river bridges have been replaced, one a Newtondale Halt (introduced for the major structure. A new signal box has benefit of walkers) and the original been built at Grosmont, faithfully Levisham Station before passing following North Eastern Railway through Newbridge to Pickering. All practice. (The NYMR takes pride in this is now delightfully rural. its working collection of NER However, the old photographs show semaphore signalling.) At Pickering, a that Grosmont was previously new building has been introduced into dominated by ironworking, including a dead area behind the down platform four massive blast furnaces, the to house an education room and a presence of ironstone having been purpose-built archive store. Also, most disclosed by the railway construction. recently and most visibly, the overall Goathland Station, meanwhile, nestled roof there has been restored to the below a huge scree of roadstone surviving station walls, reproducing quarried from a nearby igneous the original York and North Midland intrusion. Around Newbridge, gravel design and representing a major and limestone was quarried (and improvement. carried) and at least five limeworks Mark concluded his excellent talk were operating by the time of the First by giving data on the extensive scale of World War. No sign of all this the NYMR’s current operations – and industry survives. inviting members to sample them for During its 40 year life, the NYMR, themselves. apart from restoring and maintaining Alastair Gilchrist its 18-mile stretch of track, has added

22 Derbyshire Archaeological Society Newsletter # 74 (July 2012) BRAMPTON POTTERY was itself a good customer for Chesterfield wares. Both World Wars The Industrial Section’s talk on 24 were distinctly good for business. February 2012 was given by David David’s special interest is in the Siddon on the subject of Brampton potteries established on Brampton pottery. Having challenged his Moor. The first of these was founded audience – inconclusively – to say by Robinson in 1750. Other proprietors what they considered Chesterfield – Pearson and Bridden for example – famous for (apart from its crooked brought rapid expansion to the activity spire), he said that there would have in the area, the factory owners often been no such doubt in the nineteenth being mine owners as well. At the peak century: it would have been for of activity in the 1860s, some 30 pottery. Pottery was certainly pottery factories were operating in the manufactured there in Roman times. area. The activity probably continued The products of these factories were thereafter, as Chesterfield’s geology mostly useful wares: jugs, lidded pots, provided ample and accessible supplies mixing bowls, bedpans and hot water of both coal and clay. From about the bottles, and jars and containers of all sixteenth century, it also became shapes and sizes. There were also relevant that Chesterfield stood at a novelty and souvenir items, decorated, confluence of salt-trading routes, as it as were some of the useful wares, with was found that salt, thrown into the “sprigs” of applied white clay. Some pottery kiln at its maximum quirky features became quite temperature, would produce a traditional: for example the dog serviceable glaze without the need for handles and the Cheddar pixie spouts. a second firing. This was to provide the Large architectural items were also basis for the specialisation in salt- produced. One speciality was ceramic glazed stoneware for which bodies for water filters, made in a Chesterfield became famous. For this range which included large sizes. type of ware, it out-produced even the Chesterfield’s notable freedom from potteries of Stoke-on-Trent. waterborne diseases is attributed to the Circumstances favourable to the widespread use of these water filters – industry’s expansion included the and possibly also the ready availability invention in 1770 of a process for of beer jugs. David used both artefacts reducing the iron content of the clay. and slides to illustrate the variety of The resulting “blond” ware offered Brampton products. some variety of appearance. The The Brampton factories, once built, arrival of the Chesterfield Canal in were never modernised. With rising 1777 gave an immediate boost to fuel and labour costs they became business by facilitating distribution. increasingly uncompetitive. At the The Midland Railway in 1840 had a same time, their market in jars and similar and even greater effect – and containers was seriously eroded by the

Derbyshire Archaeological Society Newsletter # 74 (July 2012) 23 introduction of mass-produced glass adhesive would be serviceable, even equivalents. By the end of the 1950s all where it had survived. Fortunately, the factories had closed and none of however, all the De Havilland the buildings now survive. drawings seem to have survived (in Alastair Gilchrist various locations); also the sister ______aircraft Grosvenor House (the race winner) is available for study at the BLACK MAGIC AIRCRAFT Shuttleworth Trust. Thus the fuselage RESTORATION we were viewing is substantially a reconstruction incorporating new materials and using modern adhesives. It is now virtually complete and has new-made fin and tailplane temporarily mounted. Other re-made parts could be seen nearby: an elevator, undercarriage The Industrial Section’s proposal to frames, engine mounts and a single view the Comet Racer restoration wing rib. Spruce materials for the activity at Hilton Airfield proved major missing part – the 44ft span extremely popular. Some 30 members single-piece wing – stand ready on the crowded into the Comet Racer workshop bench and in the corridor Restoration Building on the evening of outside. Also in the corridor is one of 3 May 2012, completely filling the the original Gypsy Six engines. Two available floor space beside the more modern variants of the same fuselage of the Comet Racer in engine type are available for the question. Mick Larimore, our host and restoration, but not on display. A guide, outlined for us the history of the serviceable De Havilland variable- De Havilland DH88 Comets, three of pitch propeller lies on the floor under which were built in very short order for the fuselage. Original items brought to the MacRobertson Air Race to our attention included a seat, a single Australia in 1934. This one – Black landing wheel and two oil tanks. In the Magic – was the first built and the first small drawing office opposite we could to leave on the race morning, piloted see copies of some of the original De by Jim Mollison and his wife Amy Havilland drawings. Johnson. It failed to finish the course, Having been given a generous retiring with engine failure at opportunity to examine these items and Allahabad. Subsequently sold to discuss the project generally, we were Portugal, it was recovered thence in the shown film sequences of the air race 1970s and after further misadventures and the related Melbourne its remains eventually came to rest at celebrations, so that we were able to Egginton. see “our” aeroplane in action some 78 Since the project objective is an years ago. It made a fitting conclusion airworthy machine, little of the original to an interesting evening. timber structure bonded with casein Alastair Gilchrist

24 Derbyshire Archaeological Society Newsletter # 74 (July 2012) EMIAC 83 the story, yielding two log boats, a mediaeval clinker-built boat, EMIAC 83, on 19 May 2012, was and mediaeval bridge foundations – the hosted by the Group of latter offering clues to the mediaeval the Railway & Canal Historical route between Leicester to Derby. The Society – with some help from turnpike routes (and indeed the Roman ourselves, as will transpire. The road) are largely still in use. The canal meeting was based at the West Park and railway eras were described with Leisure Centre in Long Eaton, its title many illustrations and much interesting “Trent 150” being a reference to the detail, emerging into the modern era opening of Trent Station in 1862. with the opening of the East Midland Chairman for the morning session, and Airport in 1965 and the local section of guide for the afternoon walks, was Rod the M1 in 1966. The story was brought Sladen of the RCHS. right up to date with two road re- The first of the morning’s three alignments (A453, A50), one new talks was by Keith Reedman on railway station (Midland Parkway), “Communications in the confluence and the long-awaited replacement of zone of the middle Trent”. Using a the Long Horse Bridge at Derwent geological map, he defined his subject Mouth (in 2011). area as the large alluvial plain in which The second talk was given by the Trent is joined by the rivers Rodger Smith based on his late brother Derwent, Erewash and Soar. Initially -in-law’s book “Last train from Trent unadorned, his map progressively Station” by Geoffrey Kingscott. acquired the alignments of a Roman Rodger first traced the increasing road, mediaeval routes, turnpike roads, complexity of the rail layout at canals, railways and finally the M1 “Trent”, where the Midland Counties’ motorway. Gravel extraction over the simple triangle was soon compromised years has made its own contribution to by the Midland Railways’ introduction

From a postcard of The Trent Station at Long Eaton n the early 1900s.

Derbyshire Archaeological Society Newsletter # 74 (July 2012) 25 of the Erewash Line connections. The the amalgamation that formed the operating problems so caused were Midland Railway and prompted solved by a further radical construction of the Erewash railway reconfiguration of the junction, and the line, the original usage lapsed and the building of Trent Station, in 1862. buildings were briefly rented out. Trent Station was always unusual in Soon, however, the Midland Railway, being solely an interchange station, seeking space for wagon sheet initially without road or even footpath manufacture, repair and storage, access, and surviving almost identified the site as suitable for the unchanged (still with gas lighting) until purpose. Thus in 1854 it became their its closure in 1968. It provided “Sheet Stores”. Buildings were restaurant facilities (with catering staff progressively added (notably in 1865 resident over the station), waiting and 1898) to accommodate a rooms and toilets, and maintained a substantial industrial activity. Thanks sizeable platform staff to assist and to the survival of an excellent sequence direct the often bewildered passengers. of photographs taken soon after the It was a busy place in its heyday, 150 “grouping” to illustrate the LMS’s in- trains calling each day in 1912. Its house magazine, Ian was able to island configuration with central 2- describe the processes involved in storey block and many-peaked some detail. At its peak some 200 staff canopies over both platforms was very were employed. Its fortunes declined characteristic. Rodger showed with the decline in traffic using sheeted numerous photographs of the open wagons. At its closure in the early buildings, the staff and visiting 1960s, some 60 staff remained. The celebrities (both persons and site was then sold and is now a small locomotives) with corresponding industrial estate. The buildings have no anecdotes. The rationale for the station statutory protection but have survived finally fell foul of the Beeching logic, well so far. and it closed, with several of its near The afternoon walks, starting neighbours, on 1 January 1968. The alternatively from the Leisure Centre station buildings were quickly or from Trent Lock, enabled delegates demolished. to view both the Sheet Stores complex The final talk, by Ian Mitchell, was and the site of the vanished Trent on the subject of the Midland Station. Railway’s Sheet Stores complex Alastair Gilchrist nearby. The site originated as an ______interchange between the and the Erewash NEW MEMBERS – Canal, primarily to bring locomotive JANUARY TO JUNE 2012 coke by canal to an MCR wharf and store. (The coke store, rebuilt after a Mr. and Mrs. T. Thomas of Alvaston fire, and the wharfingers house are the Ms. S.M. Russell of Brinsley two earliest buildings on the site.) With Mr. R.J. Higginbotham of

26 Derbyshire Archaeological Society Newsletter # 74 (July 2012) Dr. & Mrs. Proud of Derby work specific to Derbyshire. This Mr. M. Page of Dove Holes unusual book complements rather than Ms. M. and Mr. R. Grasar of Ripley competes with this plethora of work in Mr. T. Griffin of that it looks at the phenomenon of the Mr. & Mrs. C.F.J. Simpson of Darley deer park through the eyes of a Abbey veterinary surgeon who is an expert on Mr. & Mrs. P. Singleton of Alfreton deer rather than through those of Dr. P. Elliott of Sherwood, Nottingham someone who is essentially a landscape Mrs. S. Richardson of Allenton historian. It is al so unusual in that it is to a degree international, looking at the ______origin of deer parks in its global and cultural setting. Amid all of this, DERBYSHIRE MISCELLANY Derbyshire more than fights its corner with its many examples of early parks - CONTENTS especially Ravensdale Park - and Volume 19: Pt. 5 Spring 2012 buildings associated with deer such as the Deer House at Sudbury. It is Upward social mobility among lavishly produced with high quality Derbyshire's Tudor merchants Part 2: illustrations in glorious technicolour. Thomas Thacker and his family's Dudley Fowkes successors by Anthony Thacker ______STONE AGE NOTTINGHAMSHIRE The Diary of Joseph Hutsby: Part 6: 14 by David Budge and Chris Robinson April 1845 - May 1846 76pp 68 illustrations ISBN 978-0- 902751-70-5 (Nottinghamshire County The Railway Omnibus from Amber Council 2011, price £7-50) Gate to Matlock Bath in 1840 by Jane Steer This is a useful summary of the archaeology of Nottinghamshire from ______the time of earliest human occupation through to the period. It sets BOOK REVIEWS the county in its wider context as the distribution of land, sea and ice GARDENS OF EARTHLY changes as glaciations come and go. In DELIGHTS: THE HISTORY OF this sense it is useful background to DEER PARKS by John Fletcher. prehistoric archaeology in the east Wingather Books 2011. ISBN 978-1- Midlands in general and from the 905119-36-3 284pp 85 illustrations Derbyshire point of view, extensive Available from Oxbow Books, Oxford. use is made of the plentiful evidence provided by Creswell Crags which, of A great deal of published work has course, straddles the county boundary. been added to the corpus of material on deer parks in the recent past, not least Dudley Fowkes

Derbyshire Archaeological Society Newsletter # 74 (July 2012) 27 WHITE PEAK AIR CRASH SITES Heritage Open Days by Pat Cunningham. 192pp. 160 illustrations. ISBN 978-1-4456-0655-2 Once again will (Amberley Publishing, Stroud, price have an impressive number of £16-99) interesting places to see. The full details are not quite ready but will As someone more than familiar include Catton Hall, Gresley Old Hall with trainspotting, I suppose this Hartshorne Manor, Sealwood Cottage, syndrome [or affliction] can be applied Grange Farm and Overseal House. in all sorts of contexts, but spotting air Given the popularity of last year’s crash sites does not really appeal to coach trip there will be 2 trips this year me! Evidently however, Amberley on Saturday and Sunday 8th and 9th Publishing believe that there is September starting from Sharpe’s sufficient interest among the walking Pottery in . Full details of fraternity to produce a book on the these and other events throughout the subject and this well-produced book County and elsewhere will appear on does appear to provide systematic the web from mid July at coverage of air crash sites within a www.heritageopendays.org.uk/ or from rather generously-defined 'White Peak' the Tourist Information Centre in which in fact takes in much of the Sharpe’s Pottery on 01283 222848. adjacent land areas. ______The basic division is into sites with surface debris and those with no CBA Weekend Event Buxton: [known] surface debris and each entry 14—16th September gives the type of plane involved, the In partnership with CBA East location, date of the crash, and the Midlands, the national CBA is holding details of the crew - fatalities and a weekend event based in Buxton. The survivors, with an accompanying weekend will include the annual narrative and a note on vising the site. Beatrice de Cardi lecture, guided tours Overall, the book is a quality of Stanton Moor and the mills of the production with ample illustrations of Derwent Valley, and a trip to Creswell the sites, the only significant typo Crags and Castle, plus social being an irritating 'Muggington' for events. For further details, see Mugginton, as well as a rather amusing www.britarch.ac.uk/cba/weekend 'Cauldron' for 'Cauldon' Lowe. Dudley Fowkes East Midlands Heritage: Conference ______The Roundhouse, Roundhouse SMALL ADS Road, Pride Park, Derby, DE24 8JE 10am to 5pm, Saturday 15th Private Collector requires old books September 2012 on fishing and old fishing tackle. If you can help please contact John A full programme includes talks on Fryer on 01332-557919. deserted villages, Viking winter camps

28 Derbyshire Archaeological Society Newsletter # 74 (July 2012) 

Romano British settlements and the  Steve Goodchild— “The Arrival: earliest hunter gatherers hereabouts The Role of Richard, Duke of together with updates on the Gloucester at Tewkesbury” Nottingham caves, Burrough Hill,  Mike Ingram - “The Road to Staveley Hall Gardens and much more. Bosworth” Full details and booking form on  Mark Downing—"Military Effigies www.tparchaeology.co.uk - use Links in the Yorkist Age". to East Midlands Heritage. Cost £15  Dr. David Hipshon— “The Princes: including lunch. A booking form can Contemporary Assumptions”? also be got from York Archaeology  David Baldwin— “The Character of Trust on 01904 663000 Richard III” And if this weekend were not busy  Special presentation of Peter Algar’s enough;- new publication – “Dead Man’s ______Hill”.

The Richard III Foundation, Inc. Walking Tour and Lecture £2.50 Presents by Mike Ingram RICHARD III: MONARCH & Symposium (Saturday only) £40 MAN Conference Package £55

(Membership and Symposi- Friday, October 12, 2012 um only) Join Foundation Patron Mike Ingram and Richard MacKinder at the Symposium (ticket sold at £45 Bosworth Battlefield Centre. We will the door on Saturday) meet outside the Tithe Barn at 2 pm where we will take a walking tour of For registration forms please the key locations of the battle. The tour contact Barbara Foster – details in is expected to last an hour. front cover ______Saturday, October 13, 2012 Our symposium will be held at the PILLING AWARD Dixie Grammar School in Market Bosworth. Registration begins at 8:30. Applications are invited from The conference will begin at 9:00 am members of the Society who are and will conclude at 5:00 pm. Our involved in research projects relating speakers and topics are: to the history, archaeology,  Dr. John Alban - “From architecture or industrial archaeology Ashwellthorpe to Bosworth: a of Derbyshire. Yorkist Soldier” Grants of up to £1000 can be  Robert Hardy (contingent on awarded. Full details of the conditions schedule) and application forms can be obtained  Dr. Craig Taylor—“Chivalry and the from Barbara Foster (details on cover). Wars of the Roses”

 Derbyshire Archaeological Society Newsletter # 74 (July 2012) 29

30 Derbyshire Archaeological Society Newsletter # 74 (July 2012)

Derbyshire Archaeological Society Newsletter # 74 (July 2012) 31

DERBYSHIRE ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY

SECTION OFFICERS 2012/13

Archaeological Research Group (ARG)

Chairman Mr M.R.W. Butler Vice Chairman Mr G. Marler Admin Secretary Mrs J. Jackson Programme Secretary Mrs A. Haywood Treasurer Mr J.H. D’Arcy Council Representative Mr G. Marler

Architectural Section (AS)

Chairman Mr J. H. D’Arcy Vice Chairman Mr P.E. Heath Secretary Ms A. Haslam Programme Secretary Mrs J. Steer Treasurer Mr M. Busfield Council Representative Mr J.H. D’Arcy

Industrial Archaeology Section (IAS)

Chairman Dr D.V. Fowkes Vice Chairman Mr P. Robinson Secretary Mr D.C. Mellors Treasurer Dr A. Gilchrist Council Representative Mr P. Robinson

Local History Section (LHS)

Chairman Dr D.V. Fowkes Vice Chairman Mr S.A. Bounds Secretary Mrs J.W. Davies Treasurer Dr D.V. Fowkes Council Representative Dr D.V. Fowkes

32 Derbyshire Archaeological Society Newsletter # 74 (July 2012)