West Bengal Drinking Water Sector Improvement Program: Water Supply Distribution System for Mejia & Gangajalghati Block (Bankura District) [Package WW/BK/04]

Initial Environmental Examination Document Stage: Draft Project Number: 49107-006 October 2018 IND: West Bengal Drinking Water Sector Improvement Program: Water Supply Distribution System for Mejia & Gangajalghati block (Bankura District) [Package WW/BK/04] Prepared by Public Health Engineering Department, Government of West Bengal for the Asian Development Bank. ABBREVIATIONS ADB – Asian Development Bank CPCB – Central Pollution Control Board CTE – consent to establish CTO – consent to operate DSISC design, supervision and institutional support consultant EAC – Expert Appraisal Committee EHS – Environmental, Health and Safety EIA – Environmental Impact Assessment EMP – Environmental Management Plan GRC – grievance redress committee GRM – grievance redress mechanism GOI – Government of India GoWB – Government of West Bengal HSGO – Head, Safeguards and Gender Officer IBPS – Intermediate Booster Pumping Station IEE – Initial Environmental Examination IWD – Irrigation and Waterways Department MoEFCC – Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change WBPCB – West Bengal Pollution Control Board NOC – No Objection Certificate PHED – Public Health Engineering Department PIU – Project Implementation Unit PMC – Project Management Consultant PMU – Project Management Unit PWSS - Pied Water Supply Scheme PPTA – Project Preparatory Technical Assistance REA – Rapid Environmental Assessment ROW – right of way SPS – Safeguard Policy Statement WHO – World Health Organization WTP – water treatment plant WBDWSIP – West Bengal Drinking Water Sector Improvement Project WEIGHTS AND MEASURES m3/hr cubic meter per hour dBA decibel °C degree Celsius ha hectare km kilometre lpcd liters per capita per day m meter mbgl meters below ground level mgd million gallons per day MLD million liters per day mm millimeter km2 square kilometer NOTES In this report, "$" refers to United States dollars. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 17 August, 2018) Currency unit = Rupee (INR) INR 1.00 = 0.014 USD USD 1.00 = 69.80 INR This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. i CONTENTS Page EXECUTIVE SUMMARY i-iv I. INTRODUCTION 1 A. Background 1 B. Purpose of the Initial Environmental Examination Report 3 C. Report Structure 4 II. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 5 A. Project Area 5 B. Existing Water Supply Situation 6 C. Proposed Project 9 D. Implementation Schedule III. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK 18 A. ADB Policy 18 B. National Environmental Laws 18 C. Other Permission from Statutory Authorities IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 22 A. Methodology Used for Baseline Study 23 B. Physical Resources 23 C. Ecological Resources 39 D. Economic Development 53 E. Socio Cultural Resources 60 F. Subproject Site Environmental Features 65 V. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 75 A. Pre-Construction Impacts – Design and Location 76 B. Construction Impacts 77 C. Operation and Maintenance Impacts 86 VI. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE 88 A. Overview 88 B. Public Consultation 88 C. Information Disclosure 90 VII. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM 91 A. Project Specific Grievance Redress Mechanism 91 VIII. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 94 A. Environmental Management Plan 94 B. Implementation Arrangements 113 C. Capacity Building and Training 116 D. Monitoring and Reporting 116 E. Environmental Management Plan Implementation Cost 118 IX. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 120 List of Tables Page No Table 1:Severity of Blocks Affected by Fluoride Contamination 3 Table 2: Groundwater Potential of Blocks in Bankura 3 Table 3: Administrative Division of Bankura 5 Table 4: Details of Project Area and Gram Panchayets 6 Table 5: Details of Existing Piped Water Supply: Mejia and Gangajalghati Block 6 Table 6: Proposed Subproject Components 9 Table 7: Location wise Proposed Overhead Reservoirs with Assessed Capacities 10 Table 8 : Details of Distribution Network under Package WW/BK/01A 11 Table 9 : Roads wise Laying of Distribution Network 12 Table 10 : Property Service Connection in Mejhia Block 14 Table 11 : Property Service Connection in Gangajalghati Block 14 Table 12: Applicable Environmental Regulations 19 Table 13 : Clearances and permissions required for Construction activities 22 Table 14: Administrative Divisions of Bankura District 24 Table 15: Block-Wise Profile of the Project Area 24 Table 16: Details of Major Roads in Bankura District 24 Table 17: Roads Maintained by Institutions in Each Block Table 18: Land Morphology of Mejia Block 26 Table 19: Rainfall Data Recorded in Various Metrological Stations 33 Table 20:Surface Water Quality of Damodar river 38 Table 21: Compiled Summary of Fluoride Contamination in Bankura, 2013-2017 47 Table 22: Summary of Water Quality Parameters 48 Table 23 Air Quality in Respect of Four Traditional Parameters in Bankura District and Yearly Days of Non-Compliance 49 Table 24: Common Plants in and around Project area 50 Table 25: List of Macrophytes in and around Project area 51 Table 26: Land Use Characteristics of Bankura District 53 Table 27: Land Use Characteristics of Mejia Block 54 Table 28: Land Use Characteristics of Gangajalghati Block 55 Table 29: Demographic Characteristics 61 Table 30: Site Environmental Features 65 Table 31 : Details Public Consultations held in Project area 88 Table 32: Design Stage Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 95 Table 33: Pre-Construction Stage Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 96 Table 34: Construction Stage Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 101 Table 35: Operation Stage Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 110 Table 36: Construction Stage Environmental Monitoring Plan 111 Table 37: Operation Stage Environmental Monitoring Plan 112 Table 38: Outline Capacity Building Program on Environmental Management Plan Implementation 116 Table 39: Cost Estimates to Implement the Environmental Management Plan iii List of Figures Page No Figure 1: Google Earth Image showing the OHR Locations 16 Figure 2 Google Earth Image showing the Distribution Network 17 Figure 3 : Total Rainfall in respect of Mejia Block 34 Figure 4 : Total Monsoon Rainfall in respect of Mejia Block 34 Figure 5 : Damodar River Basin 35 Figure 6 : Average Pre-monsoon Ground Water Level in Mejia Block 42 Figure 7 : Average Post-monsoon Ground Water Level in Mejia Block 42 Figure 8 : Average Pre-monsoon Ground Water Level in Gangajalghati Block 45 Figure 9 : Average Post-monsoon Ground Water Level in Gangajalghati Block 45 Figure 10: Trend of PM10 in Bankura during 2016 49 Figure 11 : Grievance Redress Mechanism 93 List of Appendices Appendix 1: Rapid Environmental Assessment Checklist 122 Appendix 2: Ambient Air Quality Standards for ADB funded projects in India Appendix 2A: Emission limits for New DG sets up to 800 KW 129 Appendix 2B: Stake Height Requirement of DG sets 130 Appendix 3: Vehicle Exhaust Emission Norms Appendix 4: Ambient Noise Level Standards for ADB funded projects in India 132 Appendix 5: Noise Limits for DG Set 133 Appendix 6: Drinking Water Standards 135 Appendix 7: Surface Water Quality Classification Criteria 136 Appendix 8: Compliance with Environmental Criteria for Subproject Selection 137 Appendix 9 : Department of Environment’s Direction Under Air Act, 1981 for Control of Air 138 Pollution From Construction Activities In West Bengal Appendix 10: Salient Features of Major Labor Laws Applicable to Establishments Engaged 140 In Construction of Civil Works Appendix 11: Extract from Construction and Demolition Management Rules, 2016 Appendix12 : Summary of Public Consultation 148 Appendix 13: Some Photographs of Stakeholder Consultations 156 Appendix 14: Sample Grievance Registration Form 157 Appendix 15: Sample Outline Spoils (Construction Waste) Management Plan 158 Appendix 16: Sample Outline Traffic Management Plan Appendix 17: Sample Monthly Reporting Format for Assistant Safeguards Officer/Assistant 169 Construction Manager Appendix 18: Sample Environmental Site Inspection Report 173 Appendix 19: Sample Grievance Registration Form 175 Appendix 20: Sample Semi-Annual Environmental Monitoring Report Template 176 Appendix 21: Guidelines for Safety during Monsoon/Heavy Rainfall 182 Appendix 22: Safeguards Information for SAUW Projects 184 i EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1. The proposed West Bengal Drinking Water Improvement Project (WBDWIP) aims to provide safe, reliable and continuous drinking water as per Government of India’s (GOI) standard to about 2.6 million people in the arsenic, fluoride, and salinity affected selected areas of North 24 Parganas, South 24 Parganas, East Medinipur and Bankura districts of West Bengal. 2. The project will adopt a sector approach, and subprojects will be selected and proposed for funding adhering to the agreed Subproject Selection Criteria (SSC). Project districts are North 24 Parganas (with two blocks of South 24 Parganas included for distribution network), Bankura and East Medinipur, and subprojects to be covered under the Project will be within these districts only unless otherwise agreed with ADB. Subprojects proposed under the Project stem from a district- wide

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