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Ramanathapuram District Demography Feature Google Map

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Ramanathapuram District Demography Feature Google Map Ramanathapuram District Ramanathapuram District is an administrative district of Tamil Nadu state in southern India. The city of Ramanathapuram is the district headquarters. Ramanthapuram District has an area of 4123 km2. It is bounded on the north by Sivaganga District, on the northeast by Pudukkottai District, on the east by the Palk Strait, on the south by the Gulf of Mannar, on the west by Thoothukudi District, and on the northwest by Virudhunagar District. The district contains the Pamban Bridge, an east-west chain of low islands and shallow reefs that extend between India and the island nation of Sri Lanka, and separate the Palk Strait from the Gulf of Mannar. Demography Feature According to the 2001 census, the total population of Ramanathapuram district is 11,83,321, males being 5,82,068 females 6,01,253. The district is composed of rural population 8, 83,508 as against urban 2, 99,813. The district has literacy about 64.43 percent. The population density is 289 persons per square kilometer Google Map of Ramanathapuram District Ramanathapuram District Map Administrative Details Ramanathapuram district is divided into 7 taluks. The taluks are further divided into 11 blocks, which further divided into 400 villages. Forest Area There are 18 forest areas in Ramanathapuram district constituting a total area of 5,356.85 ha 13 forest areas fall under the Reserve land category with 4,139.39 ha (41.39 sq.km) and category of reserve forest areas is 702.46 ha. Unclassified forest is available in 515 ha in the district. The district total area of forest under green cover classification is 22,149 ha Dense and sparse forest spread over an area of 742 ha and 538 ha respectively. There is no grass land and degraded forest area covering this region.The forest area has not shown much fluctuation over the years. The Forest Plantations have been restricted to the existing forest areas in Ramanathapuram district. About 2,562.65 ha of manmade forest area is available in the district. Fuel wood is the only manmade forest plantation in the district. The villages located in the taluks of Thiruvadanai, Muthukulathur and Rameswaram abut forest areas in the district.Out of these taluks, Thiruvadanai has more number of villages abutting the forest area. Land and Agriculture 45% of land in Ramanathapuram is used for agricultural activities to produce Paddy, Chilies, Coconut, Groundnut, Pulses,Cotton, Total millets and Cholam. The main food crop cultivated in the district is Paddy, its net area sown is 63% of total area sown. Ramanathapuram is ranked number one suppliers of Chili pepper in Tamil Nadu, due to abundant produce of chilies in the district. Basin and sub-basin The district is part of the composite east flowing river basin,“Between Gundar and Vaigai” as per the Irrigation Atlas of India. Virusuliaru, Kottakkarai, and Rameswaram Island are the important Sub-basins/Watershads. Water Resource The river flowing in the district is Vaigai, which starts from Madurai and ends at Palk Straight in Ramanathapuram.Agricultural area is being irrigated by canals, tanks (Linked to Vaigai) and groundwater. Several plans and schemes have been introduced for uninterrupted water supply for domestic and economic activities. Rainfall and Climate The district receives the rain under the influence of both southwest and northeast monsoons. The northeast monsoon chiefly contributes to the rainfall in the district.Most of the precipitation occurs in the form of cyclonic stoms caused due to the depressions in Bay of Bengal. The southwest monsoon rainfall is highly erratic and summer rains are negligible. Rainfall data from two stations over the period 1901-2000 were utilised and a perusal of the data shows that the normal annual rainfall over the district is 827mm with the maximum around Pamban and all along the coast and it decreases towards inland. The district enjoys a Tropical climate. The period from May to June is generally hot and dry. The weather is pleasant during the period from December to January. Usually mornings are more humid than afternoons. The relative humidity is on an average between 79 and 84%. The mean minimum temperature is 25.7°C and mean maximum daily temperature is 30.6°C respectively. Drainage The major part of Ramanathapuram district falls in Gundar-Vaigai river basin. Vaigai and Gundar are the important rivers and in addition, Virusuli, Kottakariyar & Uppar are the other rivers draining the district. The drainage pattern, in general, is dendritic.All the rivers are seasonal and carry substantial flows during monsoon period. Vaigai.,which is one of the important rivers of the district, which is flow and drain in the Paramakudi, Bogalur, Tirupullani and Mandapam blocks. The Gundar river originates in Kottamalai hills in the Saptura forest and enters the district near Anankulam and flows in a south –eastern to due south direction and enters the Bay of Bengal neare Mukaiyur. The river assumes the name of “ Reghunatha Cauveri “ from Kamudhi.The Kottakarai, Virusuli and Uppar are other rivers flowing in south easterly direction Geology Most of the area is covered by the unconsolidated sediments of Quaternary age except in the northwestern part, where isolated patches of Archaen Crystallines and Tertiary sandstone are exposed. The Archaeans are mainly represented by the Charnockite Group of rocks comprising garnetiferrous granulite and the Khondalite Group of rocks made up of quartzite of genesses. The Tertiary sandstone (Cuddalore Formation) comprise pinkish, yellowish, reddish (variegated colours) medium to coarse grained sandstone and clay stone. It is overlain by thin alluvium and exposed towards north of Vaigai River. Detached exposures of laterite and lateritic soil are seen in the northwestern part of the district. A major part of the district is covered with the fluvial, fuvio-marine, Aeolian and marine sediments of Quaternary age. The fluvial deposits which are made up of sand, silt and clay in varying degree of admixture occur along the active channels of Vaigai, Gundar, Manimuthar and Pambar rivers. They have been categorised into levee, flood basin, channel bar/ point bar and paleo-channel deposits. The paleo channel deposits comprise brown coloured, fine to medium sands with well-preserved cross-beddings. The fluvio-marine deposits are exposed in the Vaigai delta as deltaic plain, paleo- tidal and dune flat deposits. The deltaic plain and dune flats comprise medium, grey brown sands. The paleo tidal flat deposits include black silty clay, black clay and mud. In Rameswaram Island, the fluvio-marine deposits include indurated sand and dune sands. The Aeolian deposits comprise red sands which are in nature of ancient dunes and occur over a 3.2 km wide and 8 km long stretch and lie parallel to the sea coast. These are separated by marshy deposits of black clays. The sands are underlain by calcareous hardpan. In Rameswaram Island also brown sand deposits occur around Sambaimadam on either side of NH 49 west of the town. The marine formation comprises coastal plain deposits of sand and clay in varied proportion. Marine calcareous hardpan occurs as low terraces and platforms, with admixture of quartz, limonite and garnet concentration. Geomorphology Ramanathapuram district has a long coastline of around 260 km. The coastal areas are flanked by Beach ridge complex-sand dunes, swales, swamps and backwater. The sand flat is another feature of the coast comprising of clays and silts, often inundated by seawater and encrsted with salt. Other features are the shallow pediment plain of Kamdhi, parts of Paramakudi and Tiruvadanai taluks with thin veneer of soil cover over weathered hornblende gneiss, laterite and the buried pediments. Soils Soils in the area have been classified into i) Black Clayey soil, ii) Sandy soil and iii) Red –ferruginous soil. In the Ramanathapuram district, majority of the area is covered by Black Clayey soil type. These soils are mostly black or black to brownish in colour and are found in parts of Ramanathapuram, Paramakudi, Kamuthi, Tiruvadanai and Mudukulathur blocks. Sand occur in flat elevation along the Rameshwaram and Kadaladi blocks,Alluvial soils occur along the river courses of Vaigai and Gundar river covering in the blocks Paramakudi, Tiruvadanai and Muthukulayhur. The Red ferruginous soil of the Chettinad plains occurs as few pockets around Paramakudi and Tiruvadanai blocks. .
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