Lava Flow Crises in Inhabited Areas Part I: Lessons Learned and Research Gaps Related to Effusive, Basaltic Eruptions Sophia W
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ASAR Interferometry at Piton De La Fournaise, Preliminary Results
ASAR Interferometry at Piton de la Fournaise, preliminary results FROGER Jean-Luc1, FUKUSHIMA Yo2, BRIOLE Pierre3, STAUDACHER Thomas4, SOURIOT Thierry2, VILLENEUVE Nicolas5, CHEMINEE Jean-Louis3 1 : Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD) UR31 "Processus et Aléas Volcaniques", LMV, UBP - UMR 6524. 5, rue Kessler, 63 038 Clermont-Ferrand, FRANCE 2 : Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans, Université Blaise Pascal - UMR 6524. 5, rue Kessler, 63 038 Clermont- Ferrand, FRANCE 3: CNRS-UMR 7580, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, 4 Place Jussieu, Paris 75005, FRANCE 4: Observatoire Volcanologique du Piton de la Fournaise, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, 14 RN3, le 27ème, 97418 La Plaine des Cafres, LA REUNION 5: Université de la Réunion, 15, avenue René Cassin, BP 7151 97715 Saint-Denis, messag cedex 9, LA REUNION Since the detection of surface deformation at Mount Etna, several geodetic studies have been performed on volcanoes with radar interferometric data acquired by the European ERS-1 and ERS-2 satellites, the Japanese JERS-1 satellite and the Canadian RADARSAT-1 satellite. Here we present the preliminary results of an interferometric study of Piton de la Fournaise volcano, Réunion Island, with Synthetic Aperture Radar images acquired by the ASAR- ENVISAT satellite. Launched in March 2002 by the European Space Agency, ENVISAT is an Earth observation dedicated satellite and its payload consists of a set of instruments for measuring the atmosphere and the surface through the atmosphere. One of these instruments is the ASAR radar designed to provide for continuity of the observations started with the SAR on board of the ERS satellites. -
Schedule 6 Outstanding Natural Features Overlay Schedule
Schedule 6 Outstanding Natural Features Overlay Schedule Schedule 6 Outstanding Natural Features Overlay Schedule [rcp/dp] Introduction The factors in B4.2.2(4) have been used to determine the features included in Schedule 6 Outstanding Natural Features Overlay Schedule, and will be used to assess proposed future additions to the schedule. ID Name Location Site type Description Unitary Plan criteria 2 Algies Beach Algies Bay E This site is one of the a, b, g melange best examples of an exposure of the contact between Northland Allocthon and Miocene Waitemata Group rocks. 3 Ambury Road Mangere F A complex 140m long a, b, c, lava cave Bridge lava cave with two d, g, i branches and many well- preserved flow features. Part of the cave contains unusual lava stalagmites with corresponding stalactites above. 4 Anawhata Waitākere A This locality includes a a, c, e, gorge and combination of g, i, l beach unmodified landforms, produced by the dynamic geomorphic processes of the Waitakere coast. Anawhata Beach is an exposed sandy beach, accumulated between dramatic rocky headlands. Inland from the beach, the Anawhata Stream has incised a deep gorge into the surrounding conglomerate rock. 5 Anawhata Waitākere E A well-exposed, and a, b, g, l intrusion unusual mushroom-shaped andesite intrusion in sea cliffs in a small embayment around rocks at the north side of Anawhata Beach. 6 Arataki Titirangi E The best and most easily a, c, l volcanic accessible exposure in breccia and the eastern Waitākere sandstone Ranges illustrating the interfingering nature of Auckland Unitary Plan Operative in part 1 Schedule 6 Outstanding Natural Features Overlay Schedule the coarse volcanic breccias from the Waitākere Volcano with the volcanic-poor Waitematā Basin sandstone and siltstones. -
Magma Fragmentation and Particle Size Distributions in Low Intensity Mafc Explosions: the July/August 2015 Piton De La Fournaise Eruption Matthew J
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Magma fragmentation and particle size distributions in low intensity mafc explosions: the July/August 2015 Piton de la Fournaise eruption Matthew J. Edwards1*, Laura Pioli2*, Andrew J. L. Harris3, Lucia Gurioli3 & Simon Thivet3 Understanding magma fragmentation mechanisms in explosive eruptions is a key requirement for volcanic hazard assessment, eruption management and risk mitigation. This paper focuses on a type case small explosivity eruption (July–August 2015 eruption of Piton de la Fournaise). These eruptions, despite being often overlooked, are exceedingly frequent on local-to-global scales and constitute a signifcant hazard in vent-proximal areas, which are often populated by guides, tourists and, indeed, volcanologists due to their accessibility. The explosions presented here are ideal cases for the study of the dynamics of magma fragmentation and how it relates to the size distribution of scoria generated at the vent. We documented these events visually and thermally, and characterised the products through sample-return. This allowed us to describe small-scale gas bursts sending ejecta up to 30 m during intermittent lava fountains. Surface tension instabilities and inertial forces played a major role in fragmentation processes and generated particles with coarse-skewed distributions and median diameters ranging from − 8 to − 10 . However, with time distributions of particles in the most energetic fountains shifted towards more symmetricalϕ shapes as median grains sizes became fner. Analyses of sequences of images demonstrate that the evolution of particle size distributions with time is due to instability of magma droplets and (in-fight) fragmentation. Mafc explosive volcanism is traditionally overlooked with respect to more energetic, higher intensity and destructive silicic volcanism. -
Pitons, Cirques and Remparts of Reunion Island
EUROPE / NORTH AMERICA PITONS, CIRQUES AND REMPARTS OF REUNION ISLAND FRANCE WORLD HERITAGE NOMINATION - IUCN TECHNICAL EVALUATION PITONS, CIRQUES AND REMPARTS OF REUNION ISLAND (FRANCE) - ID Nº 1317 Background note: This nomination was submitted in 2008 for consideration by the World Heritage Committee at its 33rd Session in 2009. Accordingly, IUCN initiated the evaluation of this nomination in 2008/9 and this included the evaluation mission to La Réunion. In March 2009, the decision was taken by the government of France to postpone the assessment of the nomination by UNESCO’s World Heritage Committee until its 34th Session in 2010. This decision was required due to the fact that three nominations from France were proposed for consideration by the 33rd Session of the World Heritage Committee. The State Party of France had been requested by the UNESCO World Heritage Centre to identify two nominations in line with the limits on annual numbers of nominations set in the Operational Guidelines. As the evaluation process was already initiated by IUCN, a dialogue was maintained with the State Party to clarify a number of issues and address recommendations resulting from the evaluation mission, and discussions from the 2008 session of the IUCN/World Heritage Panel. This evaluation report is therefore based on the original nomination plus the additional information provided by the State Party. 1. DOCUMENTATION i) Date nomination received by IUCN: 31st January 2008 ii) Additional information offi cially requested from and provided by the State Party: additional information was requested by IUCN in December 2008. Additional information from the State Party was provided in February 2009 and November 2009. -
Dilemma of Geoconservation of Monogenetic Volcanic Sites Under Fast Urbanization and Infrastructure Developments with Special Re
sustainability Article Dilemma of Geoconservation of Monogenetic Volcanic Sites under Fast Urbanization and Infrastructure Developments with Special Relevance to the Auckland Volcanic Field, New Zealand Károly Németh 1,2,3,* , Ilmars Gravis 3 and Boglárka Németh 1 1 School of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; [email protected] 2 Institute of Earth Physics and Space Science, 9400 Sopron, Hungary 3 The Geoconservation Trust Aotearoa, 52 Hukutaia Road, Op¯ otiki¯ 3122, New Zealand; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +64-27-4791484 Abstract: Geoheritage is an important aspect in developing workable strategies for natural hazard resilience. This is reflected in the UNESCO IGCP Project (# 692. Geoheritage for Geohazard Resilience) that continues to successfully develop global awareness of the multifaced aspects of geoheritage research. Geohazards form a great variety of natural phenomena that should be properly identified, and their importance communicated to all levels of society. This is especially the case in urban areas such as Auckland. The largest socio-economic urban center in New Zealand, Auckland faces potential volcanic hazards as it sits on an active Quaternary monogenetic volcanic field. Individual volcanic geosites of young eruptive products are considered to form the foundation of community Citation: Németh, K.; Gravis, I.; outreach demonstrating causes and consequences of volcanism associated volcanism. However, in Németh, B. Dilemma of recent decades, rapid urban development has increased demand for raw materials and encroached Geoconservation of Monogenetic on natural sites which would be ideal for such outreach. The dramatic loss of volcanic geoheritage Volcanic Sites under Fast of Auckland is alarming. -
Complex Structure of Piton De La Fournaise and Its Underlying
1 Complex structure of Piton de la Fournaise and its underlying 2 lithosphere revealed by MT 3D inversion. 3 4 Lydie-Sarah Gailler1, Anna Marti2, Jean-François Lénat1 5 1 Université Clermont Auvergne, Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans - CNRS, UMR 6524, IRD, R 163, 6 6 Avenue Blaise Pascal TSA 60026 – CS 60026, 63178 AUBIERE Cedex, FRANCE 7 2 Departament de Geodinàmica i Geofísica, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain 8 9 Corresponding author: [email protected] 10 Abstract 11 La Réunion is a large volcanic construction resting on Paleocene oceanic crust. Through the 12 3D inversion of a large set of magnetotelluric (MT) soundings, our results reveal the general 13 resistivity structure of the western part of Piton de la Fournaise volcano down to its base and 14 the first ten kilometers or so of the underlying lithosphere. The upper resistive layer is 15 associated to a superimposition of unsaturated and probably water-saturated lava flows with 16 an averaged thickness of 1.5 km overlying more or less continuous highly conductive patches 17 which imply the presence of highly conductive fluids and/or minerals. In the summit area and 18 Enclos, this conductor is unambiguously attributed to the presently active hydrothermal 19 system. In the Plaine des Sables, it is tentatively associated with the hydrothermal alteration 20 beneath the ancient volcanic center. A third widespread conductive patch is observed below 21 the NW flank of Piton de la Fournaise resulting more likely from volcanic activity since it 22 coincides with part of the N120 rift zone. In the area beneath the Plaine des Sables where a 23 dense intrusive complex has been inferred from gravity models, the resistivity is not 24 significantly higher. -
The 2007 Caldera Collapse of Piton De La Fournaise Volcano: Source Process from Very-Long-Period Seismic Signals Zacharie Duputel, Luis Rivera
The 2007 caldera collapse of Piton de la Fournaise volcano: Source process from very-long-period seismic signals Zacharie Duputel, Luis Rivera To cite this version: Zacharie Duputel, Luis Rivera. The 2007 caldera collapse of Piton de la Fournaise volcano: Source process from very-long-period seismic signals. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Elsevier, 2019, 527 (10), pp.115786. 10.1016/j.epsl.2019.115786. hal-02324812 HAL Id: hal-02324812 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02324812 Submitted on 28 Aug 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution| 4.0 International License Earth and Planetary Science Letters 527 (2019) 115786 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Earth and Planetary Science Letters www.elsevier.com/locate/epsl The 2007 caldera collapse of Piton de la Fournaise volcano: Source process from very-long-period seismic signals ∗ Zacharie Duputel , Luis Rivera Institut de Physique du Globe de Strasbourg, UMR7516, Université de Strasbourg/EOST, CNRS, Strasbourg, France a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: In April 2007, Piton de la Fournaise volcano experienced its largest caldera collapse in at least 300 yr. -
First Results of the Piton De La Fournaise STRAP 2015 Experiment: Multidisciplinary Tracking of a Volcanic Gas and Aerosol Plume
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 5355–5378, 2017 www.atmos-chem-phys.net/17/5355/2017/ doi:10.5194/acp-17-5355-2017 © Author(s) 2017. CC Attribution 3.0 License. First results of the Piton de la Fournaise STRAP 2015 experiment: multidisciplinary tracking of a volcanic gas and aerosol plume Pierre Tulet1, Andréa Di Muro2, Aurélie Colomb3, Cyrielle Denjean4, Valentin Duflot1, Santiago Arellano5, Brice Foucart1,3, Jérome Brioude1, Karine Sellegri3, Aline Peltier2, Alessandro Aiuppa6,7, Christelle Barthe1, Chatrapatty Bhugwant8, Soline Bielli1, Patrice Boissier2, Guillaume Boudoire2, Thierry Bourrianne4, Christophe Brunet2, Fréderic Burnet4, Jean-Pierre Cammas1,9, Franck Gabarrot9, Bo Galle5, Gaetano Giudice7, Christian Guadagno8, Fréderic Jeamblu1, Philippe Kowalski2, Jimmy Leclair de Bellevue1, Nicolas Marquestaut9, Dominique Mékies1, Jean-Marc Metzger9, Joris Pianezze1, Thierry Portafaix1, Jean Sciare10, Arnaud Tournigand8, and Nicolas Villeneuve2 1LACy, Laboratoire de l’Atmosphère et des Cyclones, UMR8105 CNRS, Université de La Réunion, Météo-France, Saint-Denis de La Réunion, France 2OVPF, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, UMR7154, CNRS, Université Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Université Paris Diderot, Bourg-Murat, La Réunion, France 3LaMP, Laboratoire de Météorologie Physique, UMR6016, CNRS, Université Blaise Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France 4CNRM, Centre National de la Recherche Météorologique, UMR3589, CNRS, Météo-France, Toulouse, France 5DESS, Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden 6Dipartimento -
Auckland Volcanic Field Magmatism, Volcanism, and Hazard: a Review
1 This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in New Zealand 2 Journal of Geology and Geophysics on 18 March 2020, available online: 3 http://www.tandfonline.com/10.1080/00288306.2020.1736102 4 5 6 Auckland Volcanic Field magmatism, volcanism, and hazard: a review 7 8 9 Jenni L Hopkins*1, Elaine R Smid*2, Jennifer D Eccles2, Josh L Hayes3, Bruce W Hayward4, Lucy E McGee5, 10 Kasper van Wijk2, Thomas M Wilson3, Shane J Cronin2, Graham S Leonard6, Jan M Lindsay2, Karoly 11 Németh7, Ian E M Smith2 12 13 *Corresponding Author(s): [email protected] / [email protected] 14 15 1Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington, New Zealand 16 2 University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand 17 3 University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand 18 4 Geomarine Research, 19 Debron Ave, Remuera, Auckland, New Zealand 19 5 University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia 20 6 GNS Science, PO Box 30-368, Lower Hutt, New Zealand 21 7 Massey University, Private Bag 11 222, Palmerston North, New Zealand 22 23 24 25 26 27 Manuscript prepared for submission to the IAVCEI special issue of New Zealand Journal of Geology and 28 Geophysics 29 30 31 1 32 33 Keywords 34 intraplate, monogenetic volcanism, chronology, tephrochronology, volcanic hazard assessment, faulting, 35 magma ascent rates, geochemistry, eruption scenarios, New Zealand 2 36 Abstract 37 Auckland Volcanic Field (AVF) is a basaltic intraplate volcanic field in North Island, New Zealand, 38 upon which >1.6 million people live. -
Unusual Seismic Activity in 2011 and 2013 at the Submarine Volcano Rocard, Society Hot Spot
PUBLICATIONS Geophysical Research Letters RESEARCH LETTER Unusual seismic activity in 2011 and 2013 at the submarine 10.1002/2016GL068342 volcano Rocard, Society hot spot (French Polynesia) Key Points: Jacques Talandier1, Olivier Hyvernaud2, and René C. Maury3 • Unusual signals, with monochromatic Rayleigh wave trains of long duration, 1Laboratoire de Détection et Géophysique, Département Analyse et Surveillance de l’Environnement, CEA, DAM, DIF, are attributed to the transit of lava in a 2 ’ shallow opened conduit Arpajon, France, CEA, DAM, DIF, Laboratoire de Géophysique, Commissariat à l Energie Atomique et aux Energies 3 • Under a high hydrostatic pressure of Alternatives, Papeete, French Polynesia, Université de Brest, CNRS, UMR 6538 Domaines Océaniques, Institut Universitaire ~400 bars, the transit of lava excited Européen de la Mer (IUEM) Place Nicolas Copernic, Plouzané, France the resonance of this conduit • Such identical seismic events occurred on 27 May 27 2011 and 29 April 2013 Abstract We analyze two seismic events that occurred on 27 May 2011 and 29 April 2013 at the Rocard at the submarine volcano Rocard, Society hot spot submarine volcano which overlies the Society hot spot. The Polynesian Seismic Network recorded for the first time unusual associated short- and long-period signals, with perfectly monochromatic (0.0589 Hz) Rayleigh wave trains of long period and duration. None of the numerous observations of long-period (10–30 s) signals previously associated with volcanic activity in Japan, Italy, Mexico, Indonesia, Antarctica, and the Hawaiian Correspondence to: O. Hyvernaud, Islands have the characteristics we observed at Rocard. We propose a tentative model for these unusual and [email protected] rather enigmatic signals, in which the movement of lava excited the resonance of a shallow open conduit under a high hydrostatic pressure of ~400 bars. -
The Geochemical Regimes of Piton De La Fournaise Volcano (Réunion) During the Last 530 000 Years
JOURNAL OF PETROLOGY VOLUME 38 NUMBER 2 PAGES 171±201 1997 The Geochemical Regimes of Piton de la Fournaise Volcano (ReÂunion) During the Last 530 000 Years F. ALBAREÁ DE1*², B. LUAIS1², G. FITTON2, M. SEMET3³, E. KAMINSKI1², B. G. J. UPTON2, P. BACHEÁ LERY4 AND J.-L. CHEMINEÂ E3³ 1LABORATOIRE DES SCIENCES DE LA TERRE, ECOLE NORMALE SUPEÂ RIEURE DE LYON, 46 ALLEÂ E D'ITALIE, 69364 LYON CEDEX 7, FRANCE 2DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS, GRANT INSTITUTE, UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH, WEST MAINS ROAD, EDINBURGH EH9 3JW, UK 3INSTITUT DE PHYSIQUE DU GLOBE DE PARIS, 75252 PARIS CEDEX 05, FRANCE 4UNIVERSITEÂ DE LA REÂ UNION ET OBSERVATOIRE, 97418 LA PLAINE DES CAFFRES, REÂ UNION RECEIVED APRIL 30, 1996 REVISED TYPESCRIPT ACCEPTED SEPTEMBER 13, 1996 Piton de la Fournaise (ReÂunion, Indian Ocean) is a large active crystallization on cold dyke walls during times of lower magma volcano which shares many features with the Hawaiian volcanoes. ¯uxes. The total lifetime of a ReÂunion volcano ([2´1 my) includes Its particularly simple elemental and isotopic geochemistry suggests, early and waning stages with alkalic activity bracketing a steady- however, a rather homogeneous mantle source and makes this volcano state stage of tholeiitic activity. We estimate that ReÂunion volcanism ideally suited for petrogenetic studies. We report mineralogical results from the impingement on the base of lithosphere of a solitary descriptions, major element, trace element and Sr isotope compositions wave of hotspot material with a radius of 100±130 km and a of four volcanic sequences spanning the 530 ka of the known velocity of 5±9 cm/yr. -
Age of the Auckland Volcanic Field Jan Lindsay and Graham Leonard
Age of the Auckland Volcanic Field Jan Lindsay and Graham Leonard IESE Report 1-2009.02 | June 2009 ISBN: [print] 978-0-473-15316-8 [PDF] 978-0-473-15416-5 Age of the Auckland Volcanic Field Jan Lindsay1 and Graham Leonard2 1School of Environment & Institute of Earth Science and Engineering, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand; [email protected] 2GNS Science, PO Box 30368, Lower Hutt 5040 New Zealand; [email protected] IESE Report 1-2009.02 | June 2009 ISBN: [print] 978-0-473-15316-8 [PDF] 978-0-473-15416-5 This report was prepared by IESE as part of the DEVORA Project. Disclaimer: While the information contained in this report is believed to be correct at the time of publication, the Institute of Earth Science and Engineering and its working parties and agents involved in preparation and publication, do not accept any liability for its contents or for any consequences arising from its use. Copyright: This work is copyright of the Institute of Earth Science and Engineering. The content may be used with acknowledgement to the Institute of Earth Science and Engineering and the appropriate citation. TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................... 2 Project objectives ..................................................................................................................... 2 Methodology ............................................................................................................................