Trombone Mouthpieces All Available in the Original Design and the Heritage Series * Also Made in Heavytop Style
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Tutti Brassi
Tutti Brassi A brief description of different ways of sounding brass instruments Jeremy Montagu © Jeremy Montagu 2018 The author’s moral rights have been asserted Hataf Segol Publications 2018 Typeset in XƎLATEX by Simon Montagu Why Mouthpieces 1 Cornets and Bugles 16 Long Trumpets 19 Playing the Handhorn in the French Tradition 26 The Mysteries of Fingerhole Horns 29 Horn Chords and Other Tricks 34 Throat or Overtone Singing 38 iii This began as a dinner conversation with Mark Smith of the Ori- ental Institute here, in connexion with the Tutankhamun trum- pets, and progressed from why these did not have mouthpieces to ‘When were mouthpieces introduced?’, to which, on reflection, the only answer seemed to be ‘Often’, for from the Danish lurs onwards, some trumpets or horns had them and some did not, in so many cultures. But indeed, ‘Why mouthpieces?’ There seem to be two main answers: one to enable the lips to access a tube too narrow for the lips to access unaided, and the other depends on what the trumpeter’s expectations are for the instrument to achieve. In our own culture, from the late Renaissance and Early Baroque onwards, trumpeters expected a great deal, as we can see in Bendinelli’s and Fantini’s tutors, both of which are avail- able in facsimile, and in the concert repertoire from Monteverdi’s L’Orfeo onwards. As a result, mouthpieces were already large, both wide enough and deep enough to allow the player to bend the 11th and 13th partials and other notes easily. The transition from the base of the cup into the backbore was a sharp edge. -
Brass Instruments
Course Content - Brass Instruments Introduction to Brass Instruments • Instruments are considered to belong in the Brass family if they make their sounds because of vibrations from the mouth and a mouthpiece. • Brass instruments are not necessarily made of brass. For example, the Digeridoo is a brass instrument made of wood. • The shape of the tube in a brass instrument is called a bore. The size and shape of the bore creates the sound of the instrument. • There are two shapes of bores: Cylindrical and Conical. • A Cylindrical bore stays the same width from beginning to end. A Conical bore gets wider as it progresses. • The very end of a brass instrument is called the Bell. • The two brass families are the Valved and Slide families. The only instrument in the slide family is the Trombone. • Valves on brass instruments are used to change the note by changing the size or length of the tube. Large and Medium Sized Brass Instruments • The largest instrument in the brass family is the Tuba. It plays the lowest notes. • The Sousaphone was invented to replace the Tuba in a marching band. It is designed to be carried. • Sousaphones are often made of lightweight fiberglass. • One of the oldest brass instruments is the Trombone. The slide of the trombone controls the notes instead of valves. • The French horn is the only brass instrument that is played left-handed. Music in Life Lesson: The Music in Life lesson is a moment to engage in active listening. The Music in Life lesson song for this course is "Flight of the Bumblebee” by Canadian Brass. -
The Composer's Guide to the Tuba
THE COMPOSER’S GUIDE TO THE TUBA: CREATING A NEW RESOURCE ON THE CAPABILITIES OF THE TUBA FAMILY Aaron Michael Hynds A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate College of Bowling Green State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF MUSICAL ARTS August 2019 Committee: David Saltzman, Advisor Marco Nardone Graduate Faculty Representative Mikel Kuehn Andrew Pelletier © 2019 Aaron Michael Hynds All Rights Reserved iii ABSTRACT David Saltzman, Advisor The solo repertoire of the tuba and euphonium has grown exponentially since the middle of the 20th century, due in large part to the pioneering work of several artist-performers on those instruments. These performers sought out and collaborated directly with composers, helping to produce works that sensibly and musically used the tuba and euphonium. However, not every composer who wishes to write for the tuba and euphonium has access to world-class tubists and euphonists, and the body of available literature concerning the capabilities of the tuba family is both small in number and lacking in comprehensiveness. This document seeks to remedy this situation by producing a comprehensive and accessible guide on the capabilities of the tuba family. An analysis of the currently-available materials concerning the tuba family will give direction on the structure and content of this new guide, as will the dissemination of a survey to the North American composition community. The end result, the Composer’s Guide to the Tuba, is a practical, accessible, and composer-centric guide to the modern capabilities of the tuba family of instruments. iv To Sara and Dad, who both kept me going with their never-ending love. -
Dr. Davidson's Recommendations for Trombones
Dr. Davidson’s Recommendations for Trombones, Mouthpieces, and Accessories Disclaimer - I’m not under contract with any instrument manufacturers discussed below. I play an M&W 322 or a Greenhoe Optimized Bach 42BG for my tenor work, and a Courtois 131R alto trombone. I think the M&W and Greenhoe trombones are the best instruments for me. Disclaimer aside, here are some possible recommendations for you. Large Bore Tenors (.547 bore) • Bach 42BO: This is an open-wrap F-attachment horn. I’d get the extra light slide, which I believe is a bit more durable, and, if possible, a gold brass bell. The Bach 42B was and is “the gold standard.” Read more here: http://www.conn-selmer.com/en-us/our-instruments/band- instruments/trombones/42bo/ • M&W Custom Trombones: Two former Greenhoe craftsman/professional trombonists formed their own company after Gary Greenhoe retired and closed his store. The M&W Trombones are amazing works of art, and are arguably the finest trombones made. The 322 or 322-T (T is for “Tuning-in Slide”) models are the tenor designations. I’m really a fan of one of the craftsman, Mike McLemore – he’s as good as they come. Consider this. These horns will be in-line, price-wise, with the Greenhoe/Edwards/Shires horns – they’re custom made, and will take a while to make and for you to receive them. That said, they’re VERY well-made. www.customtrombones.com • Yamaha 882OR: The “R” in the model number is important here – this is the instrument designed by Larry Zalkind, professor at Eastman, and former principal trombonist of the Utah Symphony. -
My Personal Thoughts About Trumpet Bore Size
My Personal Thoughts About Trumpet Bore Size I have always played a medium-large bore trumpet, except for my years in the Navy when I played a Conn Connstellation. I always found it interesting that many people thought that it was a large bore horn, because of the fact that it played so freely. Actually, it was a medium bore instrument with a bore size of .438. It played so freely because of the large bends it had. It was a very popular horn with many jazz musicians including Maynard Ferguson, Cat Anderson, Lee Morgan, Freddy Hubbard and others. The flexibility was great and it was easy to play in the upper register. Bore size, as measured in the valve section is only one part of the total equation of how a trumpet reacts to one’s personal use of air and their embouchure set up. Here is a list of some other factors that I believe contribute to the way any horn plays for any individual: ➢ Lead pipe – this makes a huge difference in the way a horn plays and feels. A smaller lead pipe can put more resistance closer to the player, and a more open lead pipe will make that resistance feel further into the horn. ➢ Receiver – The weight of this can make a difference and of course, how far the mouthpiece shank goes into the receiver can affect the way the horn plays. I know some people are very sensitive to how large the gap is between the end of the mouthpiece shank and the beginning of the lead pipe, but this hasn’t been something that I have worried about too much. -
Mouthpiece Catalog
14 A CUP DIAMETER RIM CONTOUR CUP VOLUME 4 a BACKBORE Model mm inches Description A small cup diameter with shallow “A” cup 5A4 15.84 .624 and semi-flat rim offers comfort and resistance in the upper register. A shallow “A” cup with cushion #4 rim for 6A4a 15.99 .630 extreme high register work. Excellent for the player with thin lips. A #4 rim 7B4 16.08 .633 provides good endurance with a brilliant tone. The slightly funnel-shaped cup at the entrance 8A4 16.25 .640 to the throat provides a good tone and the #4 semi-flat rim gives superior endurance. The deep funnel-shaped cup provides 8E2 16.15 .636 a smooth tone and is very flexible in all registers. Recommended for cornet players. Standard characteristics allow for a full 9 16.33 .643 penetrating tone quality. Like the 9, however the #4 semi-flat rim 9C4 16.36 .644 provides excellent endurance. The combination of the shallow “A” cup, semi- 10A4a 16.43 .647 flat #4 rim and tight “a” backbore assists with upper register work. Same as the 10A4a but with a standard “c” 10A4 16.43 .647 backbore, which offers less resistance. A medium-small funnel-shaped “B” cup offers 10B4 16.43 .647 both a quality sound and support in the upper register. This rim size and contour is similar to the 11 11A 16.51 .650 but with a shallower “A” cup. This model was developed for the Schilke piccolo trumpets. The “x” backbore improves the 11Ax 16.51 .650 ease of playing and opens up the sound on the piccolo. -
How Do Flute Players Adapt Their Control to Modifications of the Flute Bore ? Benoît Fabre, Patricio De La Cuadra, Augustin Ernoult
How do flute players adapt their control to modifications of the flute bore ? Benoît Fabre, Patricio de la Cuadra, Augustin Ernoult To cite this version: Benoît Fabre, Patricio de la Cuadra, Augustin Ernoult. How do flute players adapt their control to modifications of the flute bore ?. ISMA 2019 - International Symposium on Music Acoustics, Sep2019, Detmold, Germany. hal-02428022 HAL Id: hal-02428022 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02428022 Submitted on 4 Jan 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. ISMA 2019 How do flute players adapt their control to modifications of the flute bore ? ∗†‡ Benoit FABRE(1), Patricio de la Cuadra(2), Augustin ERNOULT(3) (1)LAM, Institut d’Alembert 7190, Sorbonne Universite, Paris France, E-mail 1 (2)Electrical Engineering and Music dpt. Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, E-mail 2 (3)Magique 3D Team, Inria, Bordeaux Sud-Ouest, France, E-mail 3 Abstract Skilled players can adapt their control parameters according to the response of the instrument they are playing. In the case of the flute, the lip and face position relative to the mouthpiece is the main adjustment used for a fine control of the pitch, while the detailed geometry of the flute bore determines the intonation profile of the instrument along its tessiture. -
Paper ISMRA2016-63
Physics of Musical Instruments and the Voice: Paper ISMRA2016-63 Trumpet mouthpiece equivalent lengths Peter Hoekje(a), Hannah Hubbell(b) (a) Baldwin Wallace University, Dept. of Physics, Berea, OH 44017, U.S.A., [email protected] (b) Baldwin Wallace University, Dept of Physics, Berea, OH 44017, U.S.A., [email protected] Abstract The mouthpiece of a brass instrument serves two functions. On the one hand it provides a supportive interface to the player's lips. But it also controls the tuning of the instrument resonances, which should be harmonically related in order to give the best playing response. This acoustic effect of the mouthpiece is described by its frequency dependent equivalent length Leq, which can be defined as the shortest length of cylindrical tubing that could replace the mouthpiece and give the same boundary condition at the junction with the rest of the instrument. For most of the instrument resonances, Leq is shorter than 1/8 of the wavelength and the mouthpiece is well described by a two parameter model using the total volume and the frequency of its first or Helmholtz resonance. Any given mouthpiece may need to be tuned to its instrument in order to improve its playing characteristics, exemplified by a crescendo test and by an attack response test as well as by intonation of the various registers. Examples are given for a number of soprano brass instruments. Keywords: trumpet, mouthpiece, equivalent length Trumpet mouthpiece equivalent lengths 1 Introduction The mouthpiece of a brass instrument such as a trumpet is removable and often is purchased separately from the instrument. -
ATU VIRTUAL DIRECTORS ACADEMY JUNE 2020 Tuning the Double Reeds Ken Futterer Professor of Saxophone and Double Reeds Arkansas Tech University [email protected]
ATU VIRTUAL DIRECTORS ACADEMY JUNE 2020 Tuning the Double Reeds Ken Futterer Professor of Saxophone and Double Reeds Arkansas Tech University [email protected] 1 Wind Instrument Bores • Any discussion of tuning instruments must begin with a clear understanding of the bore of wind instruments. I have included this review with familiar instruments to establish a baseline of what should be, and what shouldn’t be done to tune conical bore instruments. • There are 2 types of bores: tubular and conical. • However, many instruments have evolved as a hybrid of both bores. • A hybrid could be a tube with a cone/bell at the end like a trumpet or clarinet, or a cone with tubing in the acoustic path, like the valves and slides on a horn or tuba. 1) The only true tubular bore is the modern flute. (Interestingly, piccolos can be tubular or conical with a reverse cone.) • 2) Clarinets, trumpets and trombones are hybrid instruments. • 3) Double reeds, saxophone, cornet, horn, euphonium and the tuba family are conical. 2 Changing Length Changes Pitch • No matter what the bore, in order to affect the overall pitch of a wind instrument, you must change the length of that instrument. If that change of length affects the shape of the bore, mild to very radical intonation issues can happen, especially at the 1st overtone above the fundamental (usually the octave). • We are all familiar with tuning tubular instruments. • The flute head joint, a brass instrument’s tuning slides. • These work quite well as the inside diameter of the tube is not significantly altered when the length is changed. -
Euphonium, Baritone, Or ??? by David Werden (From
Euphonium, Baritone, or ??? by David Werden (from www.dwerden.com) When I was in high school, my parents decided to buy a new instrument for me to replace the student model I had been using. The music store showed me a top of the line King 3-valve "baritone." The salesman said it was a fine instrument, but if I was a serious player, I should spend another $80. For the extra money I would get not a mere baritone, but a genuine ***E*U*P*H*O*N*I*U*M***. When I asked what the difference was he explained that a baritone has three valves, while a euphonium has four. He also told me that a euphonium has a different bore, and sounds nicer that a baritone. I ordered the more expensive instrument. As the years passed, I learned that the only difference between those two horns was the extra valve. The salesman wasn’t trying to mislead me--he was simply as confused as most people about the difference between a baritone and a euphonium. Over the years I have heard many incorrect explanations of this difference. Some are: a euphonium has four valves, a baritone three; if it’s in a bass clef it’s a euphonium, if it’s in treble clef it’s a baritone; a baritone is little euphonium; a baritone has the bell pointed forward, a euphonium points up; and (attributed to Robert King) a euphonium is a baritone played well. This confusion of names may contribute to the somewhat anonymous nature of my chosen instrument. -
Physical and Perceptual Differences Between Two Trumpets of the Same Model Type Adrien Mamou-Mani, Laetitia Placido, David Sharp
Physical and perceptual differences between two trumpets of the same model type Adrien Mamou-Mani, Laetitia Placido, David Sharp To cite this version: Adrien Mamou-Mani, Laetitia Placido, David Sharp. Physical and perceptual differences between two trumpets of the same model type. Acoustics 2012, Apr 2012, Nantes, France. hal-00810662 HAL Id: hal-00810662 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00810662 Submitted on 23 Apr 2012 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Proceedings of the Acoustics 2012 Nantes Conference 23-27 April 2012, Nantes, France Physical and perceptual differences between two trumpets of the same model type A. Mamou-Mania, L. Placidob and D. Sharpc aIRCAM, 1 place Igor Stravinsky, 75004 Paris, France bUniversit´eParis 1 CES/CNRS, 106-112 boulevard de l’Hˆopital, 75647 Paris Cedex 13, France cOpen University, DDEM, MCT Faculty, Open University, Walton Hall, MK7 6AA Milton Keynes, UK [email protected] 2689 23-27 April 2012, Nantes, France Proceedings of the Acoustics 2012 Nantes Conference For large-scale musical wind instrument manufacturers, the ability to produce instruments in a repeatable fashion is essential. In this paper, two mass-produced trumpets of the same model type are compared in terms of physical and perceptual differences. -
Cornet Vs. Trumpet Dr
Cornet vs. Trumpet Dr. Richard Strange, Arizona State University Is there a valid distinction in today’s bands? Most experienced band directors versus a large-bore trumpet with characteristics 2 and 3 in have opinions on this subject that a 1 1/2 C mouthpiece. If the two the chart].) are set in concrete; therefore, the instruments were played from Joseph Wagner, composer and title above may not thrill “old- behind a screen by the same fine author of a well-known book on timers” who have heard many player, chances are that most band scoring practices, had this times before much of what follows. musicians would be unable to to say back in 1960, “Actually, May I hasten to add, “So have I.” identify either instrument correctly these two instruments [cornet However, my opinion, which has in a series of trials (this experiment and trumpet] are more alike now been formed over a period of has been conducted many times than at any previous time in their time after careful study of the with the same “predictable” results). development. There is a mid- “problem” with an eye to its Twentieth Century trend historical antecedents, may Cornet: toward replacing cornets be of some value to younger 1. Mellow “lyrical” tone (conical bore) with trumpets in American members of our profession. 2. Less blowing resistance bands.”1 The original Most directors like the tone of 3. “Larger” overtone slot pronounced difference both the cornet and the trumpet, 4. Total dynamic range softer than trumpet between the two instruments but would be hard pressed to Trumpet: almost has been erased in the say why both are included in the 1.