Dungflies (Diptera: ) collected by the Swedish- Russian tundra ecology expedition'94, with the description of two new species; indotatum and Cochliarium sibiricum

Engelmark, R.: Dungflies (Diptera: Scathophagidae) collected by the Swedish-Russian tundra ecology expedition '94, with the description of two new species; Nanna indotatum and Cochliarium sibiricum. [Kolvflugor (Diptera: Scathophagidae) insamlade av the Swedish-Russian tundra ecology expedition '94, med beskrivning av tvi nya arter; Nanna indotatum och Cochliaium sibiricum.l - Ent. Tidskr. 120 (4): 157-167.Lund,, Sweden 1999. ISSN 0013-886x.

The material of the family Scathophagidae collected by he Swedish-Russian tundra ecolo- gy expedition '94 at study sites along the Russian Arctic coast is presented. 565 individuals belonging to 20 species are identified. Two species (Nanna indotatum and Cochliarium sibiricum) are new to science and described below. One species, Huckettia nearctica Vockeroth, is new to the Palaearctic region. Allomyella crinipes (Ringdahl) is new to Russia and Microposopa lineata (Zetterstedt) is new to Siberia. The male genitalia of four Arctic species are illustrated.

Roger Engelmark, Miljdarkeologiska laboratoriet, Umed Universitet, 5-901 87 Umed, Sweden.

Introduction In the summer of 1994 scientists from Russia and (Bengtson 1995). The material was preserved in Sweden travelled along the Eurasian Arctic alcohol. coast, examining a number of sites as part of a In 1998 I was asked by Hugo Andersson to broad ecological research program. The samp- examine the expedition's material of the family ling sites are situated in different subzones within Scathophagidae. The material was already sor- the tundra ecosystem (Fig. l), as described in ted, and partly mounted and identified by him. more detail by Goryachkin et al. (1994). The ex- All specimens considered difficult to examine in pedition planning and research program, as well alcohol were mounted on pins. The collection is as some results, are presented in Gr

151 Roger Engelmark Ent. Tidskr. 120 (1999)

L, G;tA

Fig. l. Map ofthe Eurasiantundraecosystem. Figures indicatevisitedareas during the 1994 tundraexpedition.

Karta over det eurasiatiska tundraekosystemet. Siffrorna anger de besokta lokalerna under expeditionen 1994. lar latitudinal zone but more to intrazonal envi- variation at the sites, weather is extremely im- ronments like river beds, fens and lake shores. portant and despite an arctic distribution most of The ecology is known only for a few of the the are dependent on sun for activity, and in species. The adults of at least the larger species bad weather you can not expect a good yield. are carnivorous and predate upon other small fli- Nevertheless, the collection is of great interest es. Most of the larvae live on a variety of plant since the present knowledge of the family in the species, many as leaf-miners. The genus Scat- region is extremely poor. The specimen rich taxa hophaga, however, feeds on dung, decaying sea- are certainly common and of importance for de- weed and carrion. composition of organic matter in the tundra eco- system. Two species were new to science (Nan- na indotatum and Cochliarium sibiricum ) and Material will be described below. A further two species A total of 565 specimens were collected, and a were previously unreported from Siberia. total of 20 species were identified (Tab. l).This is a low species diversity, considering the large number of specimens in the samples. The genus Research history remarks Scathophaga constitutes 95Vo of the total, with The Scandinavian arctic Scathophagidae spe- two species, S. furcata and S. varipes, making cies were already fairly well known from tp75Vo of the material. Five sampling sites gave Zetterstedt's works "Insecta Lapponica 1838- no dungfly catch. Sites 3 (173) and 5 (146) gave 40" and "Diptera Scandinaviae 1842-60". With the highest number of specimens, but the high- the increasing interest in the Arctic towards the est species diversity, with 6 species, came from end ofthe last century, scientific expeditions in- sites 2, 4 and 14.The reasons for this could be creased the knowledge of arctic plant and ani- manyfold: collection by traps often results in mal life considerably. This is also true where in- large numbers of those species which are parti- sects are concerned. Most important for Siberia cularly attracted to the trap, the short time for were the Nordenskjcild expeditions 1875-80 collecting (one or two days per site), the habitat (Liljequist 1993).

158 Ent. Tidskr. 120 (1999) Dungflies from the Swedish-Russian tundra ecology expedition

Tab. I . List of species and specimens of Scathophagidae collected during the 1994 tundra expedition. Note that localities I - l0 (except for locality 7 ) were visited both on the eastward route and on the way back. The following localities inTable I are therefore given two numbers in several publications: 2 (26), 3 (25),4 (24), 5 (23),6 (22) and 9 (20). x indicates that the species is previously knownfrom this area. - indicates that no specimens were collected during the expedition.

Ftirteckning dver arter och antal individer av dyngllugor insamlade under tundraexpeditionen 1994. lakalerna l-10 (utom lokal 7) besiiktes bdde pd vdgen (isterut och pd dtervtigen. Fiiljande lokaler i tabellen har diirfdr tvd nummer i flera publikationer: 2 (26), 3 (25 ), 4 (24), 5 (23 ), 6 (22) och 9 (20).

SITE Swe- 2 3 4 5 6 9 11 12 t4 SPECIES SUBZONE den ST TT TI TT AT AT AI AT AT Tf TT AT ska

Cordilurinafuscipes (Zett.) x I I Okeniella caudata (Zntt.) x I -l 2 Scathophagafurcata (Say) x 68 128 4 x 223

S. incola (Becker) x I x 1 S. nigripalpis (Becker) I x ,l S. suilla (Fabricius) x t7 x t7 S. obscurinemis (Becker) x JJ 4 x 39 S. litorea (Fall.) x il 4 15 S. varipes (Holmgr.) I 6l 76 59 x t9'7 Microposopa lineata (Zelt.) x I x I Scathophaga cordylurina (Holmgr.) - 45 46 S.mul tis e tosa (Holmgr.) -J x J Ernoneura argus (Zett.) x x 2 Allomyella frigida (Holmgr.) x ;; x 7 Lasioscelus immunda (Z.ett.) x 1- x I a P le uroc hae te lla simp lic ipe s (Becker)x x 2 Allomyella crinipes (Ringdahl) x l- Y.T. I 1 H u c ke t ti a ne arc ti c a Vockeroth x 2 Nanna indotatum n.sp. 2 2 Coc h I iari um s i bi ric um n.sp. l- I 2 number of specimens per site 89 17375 1463 | 2 6l 1022 I 565 number of species per site 64641113 611 I

ST = Southern Tundra, TT = Typical Tundra, AI = Arctic Tundra, Y.T. = Yukon Territory, Canada

A number of Siberian species were described one ofthe Nearctic species by Vockeroth (1965). by August Emil Holmgren (1883) collected at The species occurring in Fennoscandia are Nowaya Zemlya and Waigatch. Becker (1897) treated by Hackman (1956), including drawings described the Diptera material collected by Ge- of the male genitalia. The Scathophagidae of the org Jacobson at Nowaya Zemlya 1896, in addi- European part of Russia is treated by Gorodkov tion to the collections brought to Helsinki by (1988). The key of the Palaearctic species by John Sahlberg 1876 and by E. Bergrorh 1877 Sack (1937), which covers most ofthe east Sibe- from the river valleys ofJenisej, Ob and Irtysch rian species, is unfortunately out of date. (Becker 1900). Since I have not seen any published illustra- tions of the genitalia of some of the Siberian Taxonomic remarks Scathophaga species described by Holmgren, A checklist of the Palaearctic Scathophagidae and to verify my opinion of the species, I have species was published by Gorodkov (1986), and made drawings of the male genitalia of those

159 Roger Engelmark Ent. Tidskr. 120 (1999)

Fig. 2. The site at the Kanin Peninsula (site 2) was an inland locality (visited August 29 to 30), as opposed to most other tundra expedition sites - which were situated along the coast. The inland location presented a shrub- by, knee-high vegetation (e.9. Salit spp., and many species of herbs) quite unlike the seashore localities, where the vegetation was ankle-high with few species. Six species of dungflies, with altogether 89 specimens, were caught at this locality. Photo: Christer Hansson.

Till skillnad fr,frrn de flesta andra lokaler som besoktes under tundraexpeditionen, var Kaninhalviin (lokal 2) en inlandslokal (besdktes 29-30 augusti) - de flesta andra lokalema ldg lcings kusten. Vegetationen var buskartad och kniiht)g med Salix spp. och mdnga arter c;rter helt olik vegetationen pd kustlokalerna, som var ankelhiig och relativt artfattig. Sex arter koluflugor; totalt 89 exemplati samlades pd denna lokal.

species (Fig. a). They are not drawn from type Allomyella frigida, described by Holmgren material but from specimens in the presently in- 1880 from Nowaya Zemly4 is reported from vestigated collection. The species have been Fennoscandia as Microprosopa portenkoi compared with Holmgrens type collection in the Stackelberg 1952 by Hackman (1956). An in- Swedish Museum of Natural History in Stock- vestigation of the type material of A. portenkoi holm with respect to external characters. Simi- showed that it is a good species, closely related larly, the male terminalia of S. nigripalpis to, but well separated from A. frigida. The illus- (Becker) are illustrated, as I know this species trations in Stackelberg 1952 and Hackman 1956 only through literature. AII four species belong, of the male fifth sternite (St 5) of the two species acording to the genital morphology, to different point out the differences. species groups within the genus Scathophaga. Microprosopa varitibia (Becker 1898) is de- In a generic key for Nearctic diptera, Vocke- scribed from a female collected in Nowaya roth (1987) proposed a new genus, Huckettia, Zemlya, and it is most probably conspecific for the species nearctica. The name was valida- with A. frigida according to an investigation of ted (Vockeroth 1995). In the Scandinavian the holotype. However, I have not seen the fem- mountains there is a Huckettia lacteipennis des- ale of A. portenkoi. cribed by Ringdahl (1920) from the Abisko area which is closely related to but not conspecific with FL nearctica.

160 Ent. Tidskr. 120 (1999) Dungflies from the Swedish-Russian tundra ecology expedition

Fig. 3. TUe Chelyuskin Peninsula (site 9) is the northernmost point of the Eurasian mainland (visited August 13 to l4).14). TheI he northem locationlocat,on makes the climate very harsh, during the firstfirst day there was snow and duingduring the nig\t there was frost and the water in the traps was frozen in thi morning. Onty one specimen (Scathophaga varipes) of dungfly was collected at this locality. Photo: Christer Hansson.

C_helyuskinhalviin (lokal 9).i\dery nordligaste punkten pd det eurasiatisl

Distribution remarks S. varipes (Holmgr.) All the sampling sites are within the Tundra bio- Pleurochaetella simplicipes (Beck.) geographical zone (Fig. l) but within different subzones according to the Russian established Microprosopa lineata Zett. and Pleurochae- system (Chernov 1985). For comparison with tella simplicipes Beck. have their main distribu- Fennoscandian alpine systems see Wielgolaski tion in Scandinavia in the low alpine and subal- (1997). The material can be separated into diffe- pine belts, and are better called hypoarctic. rent distribution types: Maybe that this is true also concerning Scathop- haga nigripalpis Beck. The American distribu- .Arctic species rarely found south of the tree tion is mapped in Vockeroth (1958). line (euarctic and hemiarctic species) Allomy e lla c rinipe s (Ringd.) .North boreal and arctic distribution A. frigida (Holmgr.) C ordilurina fusc ipe s (Zett.) H uc ke tt i a ne a rc t ic a Vockeroth Ernone ura argus (Zett.)

M ic rop ro sopa lineata (Zntt.) la s i o s c e lu s immunda (Zett.) S cathophaga co rdylurina (Holmgr.) O ke ni e I la c au d at a (Zett.) S. multisetosa (Holmgr.) S cathophaga inc ola (Beck.) S. nigripalpis (Beck.) S. obscurinervis (Beck.) .Atlantic littoral species S c atho p ha ga lit o re a (F all.)

l6l Roger Engelmark Ent. Tidskr. 120 (1999) Only two Scathophaga species are known to Zoogeographical notes live in decaying seaweed in the Atlantic littoral The importance of Beringia as an unglaciated zone, S. litorea (Fall.) and S. calida (Haliday) refugium for arctic biota during the Pleistocene both reaching the shores of Barents Sea (Back- glacial periods has been generally accepted lund 1945, Nelson 1998). Further west along the since Erik Hult6n's famous demonstration of coast ofthe Arctic ocean there are no reports of present distribution of arctic and boreal plants littoral species, but in the Pacific littoral zone, (1937). The bilateral spread from those refugia along the North American coast there is a great in interglacial periods explains a number of, if diversity of Scathophaga species. Scathophaga not all, biogeographic traits. For example, the litorea (Fall.) belongs to the amphiatlantic high number of Holarctic species among arctic species occurring on both sides of the Atlantic biota and a decreasing species diversity from ocean. west to east in North America and east to west in arctic Eurasia. Of the Scathophagidae material .Widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere here, no less than 16 species (8OVo) are also dist- Scathophaga S c athophaga furc ata (Say) ributed in North America. Only S. suilla (Fabr.) cordylurina, atd Okeniella caudata have not, as far as known, colonized North America. Of the (65Vo) are also mem- S. furcata is distributed from Italy to Svalbard total number of species 13 and from Mexico toAlaska and is very common bers of the Scandinavian fauna. Why some arc- in the Tundra zone. S. suillais slightly more res- tic species have not reached Scandinavia may tricted to temperate and mountainous areas and have different explanations, for instance low is rare above the Southern Tundra subzone. capacity for dispersal or lack of suitable habitats in the more Atlantic regions. One probably im- portant factor is that in northern Russia today

Fig. 4. Male terminalia of Scathophaga cordiluina (A), S. multisetosa (B), S. nigripalpis (C) and S. varipes 1D1. Upper row teminaliafrom behind showing epandrium (ep), cerci (ce) and surstyli (su). Lower row ventral lamella.

Hangenitalier av Scathophaga cordilurina (A), S. multisetosa (B), S. nigripalpis (C) och S. varipes (D). Ovre raden visar bakkroppsspetsen sedd bakifrdn med epandrium, cerci och surstyli. Undre raden visar ventral lamella. 162 Ent. Tidskr. 120 (1999) Dungflies from the Swedish-Russian tundra ecology expedition there is only a narrow coastal strip Southern of vincing with respect to Coleoptera, and there is Tundra west of the Yugorski Peninsula. During no contradiction in accepting the same for Dip- the Boreal period the tree line had advanced tera. That means that during the Pleistocene cli- further north. Birch wood dared to 8000-9000 matic oscillations the arctic species must have BP is found up to 200 km north of the present continuously changed their distibution in order tree line. The spruce tree line reached the coast to find suitable living environments. Conse- at Pechora Bay in the (Khotin- Atlantic periods quently, the present restricted anomalous distri- skiy 1984). The same is true for the northern bution pattems of some species must be shore of the Kola peninsula, which made an ef- explained in terms of a long dynamic history, fective barrier to the westward spread of true rather than genetic isolation. arctic biota. The Scathophaga species in the ma- Similarly no pleistocene extinction is noticed terial which are not present in Scandinavia (S. amongst the arctic beetles (Elias 1994). How- cordylurina, S. multisetosa and S. varipes) are ever, insects depending on the megafauna (i.e. all distributed westward to Nowaya Zemlyaand parasitic and specialised coprophilous species) Vaigatch, with S. nigripalpis reaching the Kanin could be expected to have followed their hosts peninsula. Some arctic species have been into extinction. The obviously higher producti- thought to have a discontinuous distribution, oc- vity of the Pleistocene arctic ecosystem was curring in the Fennoscandian mountains and in maintained by a higher rate of decomposition arctic North America. Three of them, however, and nutrient turn-over where the coprophilous were collected in East Siberia during the expedi- fauna was highly important. tion and can now be assumed to have a continu- The most favourable effect of the megaherbi- ous circumpolar distribution. Allomyella crini- vores on insect diversity was the production of pes (Ringd.) previously was only known from dung. With the extinction of the megafauna tons northern Sweden and from Alaska. A. frigida of dung was drawn off the arctic ecosystem, and (Holmgr.) was only recorded from the type site the coprophilous fauna, consequently, must (Nowaya Zemlya) and North America but was have been heavily reduced both with respect to collected at three sites (12, 14 and l5). Micro- species diversity and abundance. What arctic prosopa (Zett.) lineata was restricted to North Scathophaga species made the woolly mam- Fennoscandia including the Kola peninsula and moth pats yellow? Is it to late to find out? Any- North America, but it has now been found at way, much research remains. Pechora Bay. The present new records indicate that further investigations may fill the still exis- ting distribution gaps. Descriptions of the two new species The boreal species occupied a more or less Nanna indotatum n.sp. unbroken taiga between East Sibiria and Scandi- Diagnosis: Easily separated from most other navia. Furthe[nore, arctic as well as boreal biota Nanna species by lack ofthe short black spinu- may have survived the glacial periods in refugia lae of fore femur. Closely resembling N. inermis south of the Northwest Eurasian ice sheet. How- Becker but differing from that species by the ever, the gradual deglaciation, and at least perio- following characters: Larger, about 4.0 mm, pal- dically dramatic climatic ameliorations, reduced pus club shaped, distinctly broadened apically. the availability of suitable habitats for cold- Second segment of arista (aristomere) not long- adapted arctic biota to expand into, beyond their er than broad. Legs darker and third tibia with existing distributions. The more warmth-tole- three pairs of dorsal bristles (constant charac- rant boreal biota found it easier to find habitats ter?). Pselaphephila loewi Becker, also with and expand northwards. unarmed fore femur and long clavate palpi, is Insects, in contrast to plants and mammals, usually included in Nanna. The male of P loewi show few signs of speciation in the Glacial-In- has the second aristomere distinctly prolonged. terglacial time sequence (Coope 1978). The fos- There are also distinct genital differences be- sil evidences of species stability are quite con- tween the three species.

163 l2O (1999) Roger Engelmark Ent. Tidskr. apical half. Mid and hind femur with a single Description: preapical posterodorsal bristle. Fore and mid ti- Male. biae with one pair of seta (ad and pd), fore tibia Head: Rectangular, 1.3 times higher than long, further with an additional posterior seta, third ti- black with anterior part offrons, face, cheek and bia with tree pairs of setae. jowl yellowish. Antennae black with the third Abdomen: With weak marginal bristles and segment 1.5 times as long as wide' Arista thick- whitish, soft hairs ventrallY. (fig 5). ened in basal third. Four inclinate frontal bristles Terminalia: Of ordinary Nanna type and two reclinate and one proclinate orbital Sternite 5 with spoon-shaped rounded lobes. bristles. Eyes rounded and slightly higher than Surstylus and cercus slender and of uniform broad. width throughout. Thorax: Black with grey pollinosity. Scutum with the normal bristles, i.e. two presutural and Female. three postsutural dorsocentral one presutural Unknown. and two intra-alar, two notopleural and two su- pra-alar bristles. Humerus with two bristles and Type material: Holotype male, Russia, Ayon behind with two posthumeral bristles. Scutellum island (69' 47' N, 168" 34'E) 20-21.Y[.1994. with a pair of strong bristles and with two erect (University of Lund, Department of Zoology' apical hairs. Propleural depression with fine Division of systematics, Lund. Leg. S-A. Bengt- hairs. Katepisternum with three setae, the pos- son). Paratype male, Russia, Ayon island (69' terodorsal strong, the ventral week. Anepister- 47'N, 168' 34' E) 20-2l.VII.l994' (University num with a dorsal row of black bristles. of Lund, Department of Zoology, Division of Wings: Hyaline. Vein Rl without hairs. Dis- systematics, Lund. Leg. S-A. Bengtson). tance between crossveins r-m and m-cu one third of that between m-cu and wing margin. Veins R4+5 and Ml ending parallel, veins R2+3 C oc hliarium sibiricum n.sP. and R4+5 diverging. Diagnosis: Legs: Dark, the basal part of tibiae and nar- A small, glossy black species with the following rowly the knees yellowish. Coxae with yello- characters: ltrst wing vein (Rl) apically hairy; wish hairs. All femurs with an irregular row of anterior part of humerus with black erect setulae anterodorsal black setae and ventrally with yel- and reduced number of scutal bristles; sternit 5 lowish hairlike bristles and hairs. Fore femur with small spinulose median lobes. The charac- I bristles in the ters are valid for Cochlerium Becker and Gym- nome r a Rondani. However, all palaeat ctic Gy m - nomera species have yellow body colour and further more the cerci are fused medially for- ming an anal plate (concerning G. melinaBeck' er only the female is known). The new species is easily separated from olher Cochliarium species by the number of dorsocentral bristles and by genital carachters. I see no reason to establish a new genus.Traditional chaetotaxy is not very re- liable for establishing generic limits in this fami- ly. The material is only two males, non of them in a very good state of preservation. A revision Fig. 5. Male terminalia of Nanna indotatum n.sp., of this group to establish the generic lateral view. is of importance.

Bakkropp av hane av Nanna indotatum n.sp. sedd frdn sidan.

164 Ent. Tidskr. 120 (1999) Dungflies from the Swedish-Russian tundra ecology expedition

Fig. 6. Details of Cochliarium sibiricum n.sp. A: head lateral view, B: male terminalia lateral view, C: male terminalia from behind, D: ventral lamella (sternite 5).

Detaljer av,Cochliarium s.iliricum n.sp. A: huvud sett frdn sidan, B: hanens bakkroppsspets frdn sidan, C: hanens bakkroppsspets sedd bakifrdn, D: ventral lamella (sternit 5).

Description: sal and a posteroventral row of hairlike bristles, Male. mid and hind femurs with an anterodorsal and an Head: Rounded (Fig. 6), slightly higher than anteroventral row of irregular weak bristles. Mid long, black with a brownish red spot on the an- femur with a posterodorsal preapical curved terior part of frons, gena with a yellow triangular bristle. Fore tibia with a posterior bristle, mid spot. Three frontal bristles and two orbital brist- and hind tibiae with a minute anterodorsal brist- les. Antennal segment 3 short, apically rounded. les. Antennal segment 2 brownish. Aristomere 3 Abdomen: With weak marginal bristles. thickend in basal third, pubescent. Aristomere 2 Terminalia (see Fig. 6): Cerci rounded in a as long as broad. Palpus small, slightly clavate ventral position and only narrowly fused. in the apical part. Thorax: Acrostical and postsutural intra-alar Female. bristles lacking. Two presutural and three Unknown. postsutural dorsal bristles, the first postdorsal pair weak. Two humeral bristles. Propleural de- Type material: Holotype male. Russia. pression with fine hairs. Katepisternum with one Wrangel Island (70'58'N, 179"34'E) 23- strong seta. Anepisternum with one dorsal black 24.YI1.1994. (University of Lund, Department bristle and several yellowish hairs. Scutellum of Zoology, Division of systematics, Lund. Leg. with two pairs of bristles. S-A. Bengtson). Paratype male. Russia Indigir- Legs: Dark, the basal part of fore tibia and the ka Delta. Lopatka (71"36'N, 148"15'E). 14- apical part of femur yellowish, mid and hind l5.V[.1994. (University of Lund, Department legs with the knees narrowly yellowish. Coxae of Zoology, Division of systematics, Lund. Leg. with white hairs. Fore femur with a posterodor- S-A. Bengtson).

165 (1999) Roger Engelmark Ent. Tidskr. 120 Acknowledgements Holmgren, A.E. 1883. Insecta in insulis Waigatsch et Semlia. Hymenoptera et Diptera. Ent. I would like to thank the following colleagues for use- Novaja - Tidskr. IV. ful comments on the manuscript. Sven-Axel Bengt- Hu1t6n, E. 1931 . Outline of the history of arctic and son, Thor-Bjorn Engelmark, Ragnar Hall and Chris- boreal biota during the Quaternary period. Stock- supplied the photos of ter Hansson, who also kindly holm. site 2 and 9. Khotinskiy, N.A.1984. Holocene vegetation history. - For help in the museum collections and loans of In: Velicho, A.A., Wright, H.E. & B arno sky' type material I am grateful to Roy Danielsson (UZL), C.W. Late Quaternary environments of the Soviet Bert Viklund (NHRS), Pekka Vilkuna (ZMH) and Dr. Union. Minesota. Marion Kotrba (SMNS). I express my thanks to Dr. Liljequist, G.H. 1993. High latitudes. A history of Emilia Natrshuk, who kindly brought type specimens Swedish Polar travels and research. Vtsteris. 1998. British Dung-flies (Dipt., Scat- from St. Petersburg (ZIAS) to Sweden for investiga- Nelson, J.M. hophagidae) associated with stranded seaweed' tions, and to Dr. Vockeroth (CNC), who supplied me - Entomologist's mon. Mag. 134:'77 -84. with material of Hueckettia nearctica from Canada. Ringdahl, O. 1920. Neue skandinavische Dipteren' - and Karin Viklund thanks fdr I owe Phil Buckland Ent. Tidskr. 4l:24-40. revising my English. Sack, P. 1937. Cordyluridae. - In. E. Linder (ed.) Die Fliegen der Paliiarktischen Region.Tetl 62, Ber- lin. References Stackelberg, A.A. 1952. New species of Cordiluridae Backlund, H. O. 1945. Wrack fauna of Sweden and (Diptera) in northern USSR. - Proceedings of Finland. - Opusc. Ent. Supplement V. Zoological Institute of the Academy of Science of Becker, T. 1897. Beitrag zur Dipteren-Fauna von No- USSR. XII: 405-407. (in Russian)' waja-Semlja. -Annuare du Musee zoologique Vockeroth, J.R. 1958. Distribution patterns of the de l'Academie imperiale des sciences 1897.396- Scatomyzinae (Diptera, Muscidae). - Proc. Tenth 404. Int. Congress Ent. l;619-625. Becker, T. 1900. Beitriige zur Dipteren-Fauna Sibiri- Vockeroth J.R. 1965. Muscidae. In A catalogue of the ens. -Acta Soc. Scient. Fenn. 26 (9): 1-66. Diptera of America north of Mexico. - U.S. Agri- Bengtson, S.-A. 1995. Diversity of terrestrial tundra- culture Handbook216. living arthropods. - In: Grtinlund E. & Melander, Vockeroth, J.R. 1987. Scathophagidae. - In: McAlpi- O. (eds) 1995. Swedish-Russian tundra ecology- ne J.F. (ed.). Manual of Nearctic Diptera. Volume expedition-94. Tundra Ecology-94. A cruise re- 2: 1085-1097. port. Stockholm. Wielgolaski, F.E. 1997. Introduction. - In: Wielgo- Chernov, Y.I. 1985. The living tundra. Cambridge. laski, F.E. (ed.) Polar and alpine tundra. Ecosys- Elias, S.A. 1994. Quaternary insects and their envi- tems of the world 3:1-5. ronment. washington. Gorodkov, K.B. 1988. Family Scathophagidae. - In: Bei-Bienko, G.Y. (ed.). Keys to thelnsects of the Sammanfattning European Part of the USSR. Washington. Sommaren 1994 gjordes en svensk-rysk veten- K.B. 1986. Family Scathophagidae. In: Gorodkov, - skaplig expedition med bet l6ngs Rysslands ark- Soos,A. & Papp, L. (eds). Catalogueof Palaearc- tiska kust. Vid ett antal stationer, 18 stycken, tic Diptera. Volume l1: 11-41. underscikning- Goryachkin, S.V., Zltitin, R.I. & Tertitsky, G.M. gick man i land fcir vetenskapliga (eds.). 1994. Russian-Swedish expedition. ar av tundraekosystemet. Bland annat giordes "Tundra ecology-94". Diversity of natural eco- insamling av insekter och andra organismer. Fd- systems in the Russian Arctic. A guidebook. religgande artikel behandlar det insamlade ma- Lunds Universitet. Lund. terialet av kolvfl ugor (Scathophagidae). Insam- Grtjnlund E. & O. Melander, (eds) 1995. Swedish- lingen skottes av Sven-Axel Bengtson och Russian tundra ecology-expedition-94. Tundra Christer Hansson frfln Lunds universitet och Ecology-94. A cruise report. Stockholm. friimst anviindes fallfiillor och gulskilar. Hackman, W. 1956. The (Dipt.) of Resultatet blev 565 individer fdrdelade pi 20 eastern Fennoscandia. Societas pro Fauna et - arter. Huvuddelen av materialet (757o) utgiordes Flora Fennica. Fauna Fennica I l. Helsinki.

166 Ent. Tidskr. l2O (1999) Dungllies from the Swedish-Russian tundra ecology expedition av tva after, och S. varipes . vid Pechora och Kolahalvdn zir si smal. Antalet arter och individer f

Stipendier till yngre entomologer

Maria och Thure Palms uppliindska stipen- Maria och Thure Palms minnesfond, Grillska diefond, Mattias Idars stipendiefond, Frej fonden samt Overbys fond Ossiannilssons stipendiefond samt Bertil Kullenberg-fonden. Flera stipendier pi tillsammans ca l0 000 kr kan Fdr ungdomar som dr intresserade av insekter sOkas av framfdr allt yngre entomologer men eller spindlar och som vill gcira nigon form av dven av doktorander eller motsvarande. underscikning finns det mdjlighet att scika peng- Stipendiema iir avsedda fdr ett sjiilvsrAndigr ar fdr material och resor ur ovanstiende stipen- arbete rdrande insekter. Noggrann plan er- diefonder. Ett krav f6r de tvi frirstniimnda iir att fordras rcirande entomologiska undersdkningen den scikande inte pibdrjat forskarutbildning. vartill medel sciks. Kostnadskalkyl skall biofo- Fonderna frirvaltas av Entomologiska Fcirening- gas, liksom ocksi yttrande civer eleven frin en i Uppland och ca 18 000 kr finns att fOrdela handledare, liirare i naturvetenskap eller mot- under 2000. Det du behciver g6ra iir att skriva en svarande. Om medel sciks frin annat hill skall ansOkan, diir det ska stfl vad och hur du planerar aven detta anges. att gdra samt en kalkyl civer vad det kommer att Eventuella frigor kan besvaras av sekretera- kosta. Efterit vill fcireningen ha en rapport om ren Urban Wahlstedt, tel. 08 - 532 57131. resultatet av unders6kningen. Anscikan skickas Anstikan inliimnas till fOreningen senast den till: I maj 2000 under adress:

Entomologiska Fdreningen i Uppland Ent omo I o g i s ka fri re nin g e n c/o holo giska Institutionen N at urhi s to ri s ka r iks mu s e e t Vllav.9,752 36 Uppsala Box 50007, 104 05 Stockholm.

Senaste datumet ft)r anscikan tir 30/4 - 2000.

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