iSL 130; an

UNIVERSITY OF IBADAN LIBRARY

NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA Course Code ISL 130

Course Title §alat and §awm

Course Developers/Writers Dr. A. F. Ahmed National Open University of Nigeria

Mr Kareem Kewuyemi Dept, of Arabic and Isamic Studies University of Ibadan, Ibadan

Course Editor Dr. A. F. Ahmed National Open University of Nigeria

Programme Leader Dr. A. F. Ahmed National Open University of Nigeria

l t i UNIVERSITY OF IBADAN LIBRARY

NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA ISL 130 $ALAT AND $A WM

National Open University of Nigeria Headquarters 14/16 Ahmadu Bello Way Victoria Island Lagos

Abuja Office NOUN Building No. 5, Dar es Sallam Street Off Aminu Kano Crescent Wuse II, Abuja Nigeria

e-mail: [email protected] URL: www.nou.edu.ng

Published by National Open University of Nigeria

Printed 2008

> . ISBN: 978-058-809-4

All Rights Reserved

Printed by: MUFTAJ PRESS LTD.

UNIVERSITY OF IBADAN LIBRARY

n ISL 130 $ALAT AND $A fVM

CONTENTS PAGE

Module 1 1

Unit 1 The concept of (Worship in )...... 1 Unit 2 §alat: Definition, Significance and Pre-requisites for its Validity...... 6 Unit 3 ’u (Ablution) Description and Significance.... 11

Module 2 19

Unit 1 The Daily, Jumu ‘ah and Two Eid §alahs...... 19 Unit 2 Jama ‘ah, Qa$r, Mar id and Janazah...... 27 Unit 3 Tarawlh, , Istikharah, Istisqa, Kusuf and Khusuf...... 34 Unit 4 Divisions of §alat Activities...... 41

Module 3 47

Unit 1 Fasting Across Religions and Culture ...... 47 Unit 2 ...... 54 Unit 3 The Rules of Fasting in Islam...... 60 Unit 4 The Beginning and the End of Ramadan...... 66

Module 4 72

Unit 1 Exemption from and Spoiling of Fasting...... 72 Unit 2 Voluntary and Unlawful Fasts in Islam...... 78 Unit 3 The Benefits of Fasting...... 83

UNIVERSITY OF IBADAN LIBRARY

iii ISL 130 MODULE 1

MODULE 1

Unit 1 The concept of □ Ibadah (worship in Islam) Unit 2 §alat: Definition, Significance and Pre-requisite for its Validity Unit 3 Wudu 'u (Ablution) Description and Significance

UNIT 1 THE CONCEPT OF UIBADAH (WORSHIP IN ISLAM)

CONTENTS

1.0 Introduction 2.0 Objectives 3.0 Main Content 3.1 Definition and Concept of Ulbadah 3.2 Scope of Ulbadah 4.0 Conclusion 5.0 Summary 6.0 Tutor-Marked Assignment 7.0 References/Further Readings

1.0 INTRODUCTION *

Islam in its broadest context can be divided into two major parts: faith and devotional duties. You will find these two parts emphasized side by side throughout the passages of the Holy Qur’an which indicates that one without the other is of less value.

As you have learnt in the foregoing units, the first part consists of truths we are incapable of knowing on our own as you have learnt in the belief in , His Angels, His Books, His Messengers, the Resurrection and Predestination. ' •

In the second part are the four practical worships viz: §alat (), (Charity),UNIVERSITY §awm (Fasting) and HajjOF (Pilgrimage IBADAN to Mecca). LIBRARY In it also are included practical instructions regarding human life and conduct; the dos and don’ts which are further split up into sub-divisions like morality, social conduct, rights and duties etc, etc.

In this unit, we shall examine the concept of worship in Islam while in the subsequent units of this Module we shall study §alat (the Canonical Prayer), the requisites for its validity, its various kinds and what the whole rituals signify shall not be left out.

1 ISL 130 $ALAT AND $A WM

2.0 OBJECTIVES

At the end of this unit, you should be able to: