Received: 9 August 2019 | Accepted: 28 March 2020 DOI: 10.1111/ppa.13190

ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Characterization of species associated with sweetpotato virus diseases in Burkina Faso

Ezechiel B. Tibiri1,2,3,4 | Justin S. Pita5 | Fidèle Tiendrébéogo1,3 | Martine Bangratz3,6 | James B. Néya1,3 | Christophe Brugidou3,6 | Koussao Somé2,3 | Nicolas Barro4

1Laboratoire de Virologie et de Biotechnologies Végétales, Institut de Abstract l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas) production in sub-Saharan Africa is severely affected (INERA), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso by viral diseases caused by several interacting , including sweet potato feathery 2Laboratoire de Génétique et de Biotechnologies Végétales, Institut de mottle virus (SPFMV), sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus (SPCSV), and sweet potato leaf l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles curl virus (SPLCV). However, the aetiology of viral symptoms on sweetpotato is rarely (INERA), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso 3Laboratoire Mixte International Patho-Bios, established in most countries in Africa. Here, we aimed to investigate and characterize IRD-INERA, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso the incidence of sweetpotato viruses in Burkina Faso. We performed a countrywide 4 Laboratoire d’Epidémiologie et de survey in 18 districts of Burkina Faso and collected 600 plants, with and without symp- Surveillance des bactéries et virus Transmissibles par les Aliments et l’eau, toms, from 80 fields. Viral strains were identified using nitrocellulose membrane-ELISA, LabESTA/UFR/SVT, Université Joseph Ki- PCR, and reverse transcription-PCR. Three scions from each of 50 selected plants with Zerbo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso symptoms were grafted to healthy Ipomoea setosa and then serological and molecular 5Central and West African Virus Epidemiology (WAVE), Pôle Scientifique et d’innovation tests were performed on the 150 recorded samples. Three viruses were detected: 24% de Bingerville, Université Félix Houphouët- of samples were positive for SPFMV, 18% for SPLCV, and 2% for SPCSV. Across all Boigny (UFHB), Bingerville, Côte d’Ivoire 6Interactions Plants Microorganismes diagnostic tests, 40% of all plant samples were virus-negative. Coinfections were found et Environnement (IPME), IRD, Cirad, in 16% of samples. Partial sequences were obtained, including 13 that matched SPFMV, Université Montpellier, Montpellier, Cedex, France one that matched SPLCV, and one that matched SPCSV. All identified SPFMV isolates belonged to either phylogroup B or A-II. The SPCSV-positive isolates had 98% gene se- Correspondence Fidèle Tiendrébéogo, Laboratoire de quence homology with SPCSV-West Africa for the coat protein. Begomovirus-positive Virologie et de Biotechnologies Végétales, isolates clustered with SPLCV-United States. This first study of sweetpotato viral dis- Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA), 01 BP 476 eases in Burkina Faso indicates widespread occurrence and suggests a need for further Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso. epidemiological investigations, breeding programmes focused on virus-resistant varie- Email: [email protected] ties, and improved farming practices to control disease spread. Funding information Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; KEYWORDS Department for International Development of diagnostic, grafting, Ipomoea batatas, Ipomoea setosa, SPVD, sweetpotato the UK, Grant/Award Number: OPP1082413; Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny

1 | INTRODUCTION and yam (Dioscorea spp.). This highly productive crop performs well in poor soils and is relatively drought-insensitive (Tairo et al., 2005). In sub-Saharan Africa, sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas) is the third However, sweetpotato productivity is constrained by both biotic most important root and tuber crop after cassava (Manihot esculenta) and abiotic factors; of these, viral diseases and weevil damage are

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