DOCSLIB.ORG

EE Fitz.Indd

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
EE Fitz.Indd news from the PERCY FITZPATRICK INSTITUTE A NEW BATIS IN EAST AFRICA key advantage of Compared to the northern the Fitztitute being species, southern males have A recognised as a broader black breast bands, Centre of Excellence by the blackish spots on the back Department of Science and and lack any white on the Technology (see August/ frons between the black September 2004, page 12) facial mask and dark grey is that the Centre can have crown. Southern females are collaborators based at other also generally darker, with a institutions. One of these is reduced supercilium and nar- Rauri Bowie, a graduate of rower chestnut wing panel. the Fitz who, after four years Because the southern species at Stellenbosch University, had been overlooked even has been lured away by the at the subspecies level, it University of California, has been named Batis crypta. Berkeley, to head up a WATERCOLOUR PAINTING © JON FJELDSÅ Jon Fjeldså suggests the research programme on bird Left: Male and female of the newly described Dark Batis Batis common name Dark Batis. systematics at the Museum crypta. Right: Male and female Short-tailed Batis Batis mixta. To avoid confusion with of Vertebrate Zoology. the old definition of Forest Throughout these moves, taxon has had a chequered divided into two quite distinct Batis, he advocates the use Rauri has remained part of history, being recognised as species, which differ consist- of Short-tailed Batis for the the Centre of Excellence, a distinct species or placed in ently in terms of their genetics newly-restricted definition of obtaining research funding either Cape or Forest Batis by and morphology. Birds from B. mixta. Reichenow’s Batis through the Centre. different authors. the southern mountains in should be regarded as a sub- One of Rauri’s long-standing Batises are an exclusively the Eastern Arc (including the species of mixta. interests has been unravelling African group of insectivores Udzungwa, Uluguru, Ukaguru, What about the status of the evolutionary histories of related to the bush-shrikes Kipengere and Rubeho moun- Malawi Batis? The genetic montane-forest birds in East and characterised by their tains in Tanzania, and Misuku evidence confirms that it is Africa, and he has collabo- small size and marked sexual Hills in extreme northern sister to the Cape Batis, but rated closely in this research dimorphism in plumage. Like Malawi) form a tight group birds from South Africa and with Jon Fjeldså from the many montane-forest species, that differs from birds from Malawi have not shared a University of Copenhagen. they exhibit regional variation the northern mountains common ancestor for a con- Together with Jacob Kiure between isolated mountain (Nguru, Nguu, Usambaras, siderable period. It would be from Tanzania, they have chains. Over the years, this Pares, Kilimanjaro) and coastal nice to see how birds from examined the relationships has led to confusion as to regions. The latter group eastern Zimbabwe and cen- among forest batises. The how many species should be includes the south-western tral Mozambique fit into the results, published in the recognised. In central and East Reichenow’s Batis, which until picture, but given the marked latest issue of the Journal Africa, the forest forms have now had been assumed to difference in male plumage of Ornithology, provide an traditionally been divided form part of the Cape Batis between the two forms, it objective assessment of this into the Forest Batis, found complex. There was some evi- is perhaps prudent to treat complex group of birds, and in the Eastern Arc Mountains dence that the two species are Malawi Batis as a distinct recommend the recognition of Tanzania and coastal not even each other’s closest species too. of a new species in the Forest Kenya, and the Cape Batis relatives, with the Albertine Batis Batis mixta complex. of southern Africa, which is Rift-endemic Ruwenzori Batis REFERENCE The paper also sheds light on often taken to include the B. diops placing closer to the Fjeldså, J., Bowie, R.C.K. and Kiure, J. the status of some distinctive Malawi Batis B. [c.] dimorpha northern form of Forest Batis. (2006). The Forest Batis, Batis mixta, forms of Cape Batis B. capen- from Malawi and northern In terms of plumage dif- is two species: description of a new, sis, as well as Reichenow’s Mozambique. ferences, the southern birds narrowly distributed Batis species in Batis B. reichenowi from south- The most surprising result are on average longer tailed the Eastern Arc biodiversity hotspot. east Tanzania. This latter was that the Forest Batis is and have darker plumage. Journal of Ornithology. 147: 578-590. Visit the FitzPatrick website: http://www.fitzpatrick.uct.ac.za Percy FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology (a DST/NRF Centre of Excellence), University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, Cape Town, South Africa. Tel. (021) 650 3290; fax (021) 650 3295; e-mail [email protected] 26 PERCY FITZPATRICK INSTITUTE AFRICA – BIRDS & BIRDING.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Species List
    Mozambique: Species List Birds Specie Seen Location Common Quail Harlequin Quail Blue Quail Helmeted Guineafowl Crested Guineafowl Fulvous Whistling-Duck White-faced Whistling-Duck White-backed Duck Egyptian Goose Spur-winged Goose Comb Duck African Pygmy-Goose Cape Teal African Black Duck Yellow-billed Duck Cape Shoveler Red-billed Duck Northern Pintail Hottentot Teal Southern Pochard Small Buttonquail Black-rumped Buttonquail Scaly-throated Honeyguide Greater Honeyguide Lesser Honeyguide Pallid Honeyguide Green-backed Honeyguide Wahlberg's Honeyguide Rufous-necked Wryneck Bennett's Woodpecker Reichenow's Woodpecker Golden-tailed Woodpecker Green-backed Woodpecker Cardinal Woodpecker Stierling's Woodpecker Bearded Woodpecker Olive Woodpecker White-eared Barbet Whyte's Barbet Green Barbet Green Tinkerbird Yellow-rumped Tinkerbird Yellow-fronted Tinkerbird Red-fronted Tinkerbird Pied Barbet Black-collared Barbet Brown-breasted Barbet Crested Barbet Red-billed Hornbill Southern Yellow-billed Hornbill Crowned Hornbill African Grey Hornbill Pale-billed Hornbill Trumpeter Hornbill Silvery-cheeked Hornbill Southern Ground-Hornbill Eurasian Hoopoe African Hoopoe Green Woodhoopoe Violet Woodhoopoe Common Scimitar-bill Narina Trogon Bar-tailed Trogon European Roller Lilac-breasted Roller Racket-tailed Roller Rufous-crowned Roller Broad-billed Roller Half-collared Kingfisher Malachite Kingfisher African Pygmy-Kingfisher Grey-headed Kingfisher Woodland Kingfisher Mangrove Kingfisher Brown-hooded Kingfisher Striped Kingfisher Giant Kingfisher Pied
    [Show full text]
  • Disaggregation of Bird Families Listed on Cms Appendix Ii
    Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals 2nd Meeting of the Sessional Committee of the CMS Scientific Council (ScC-SC2) Bonn, Germany, 10 – 14 July 2017 UNEP/CMS/ScC-SC2/Inf.3 DISAGGREGATION OF BIRD FAMILIES LISTED ON CMS APPENDIX II (Prepared by the Appointed Councillors for Birds) Summary: The first meeting of the Sessional Committee of the Scientific Council identified the adoption of a new standard reference for avian taxonomy as an opportunity to disaggregate the higher-level taxa listed on Appendix II and to identify those that are considered to be migratory species and that have an unfavourable conservation status. The current paper presents an initial analysis of the higher-level disaggregation using the Handbook of the Birds of the World/BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World Volumes 1 and 2 taxonomy, and identifies the challenges in completing the analysis to identify all of the migratory species and the corresponding Range States. The document has been prepared by the COP Appointed Scientific Councilors for Birds. This is a supplementary paper to COP document UNEP/CMS/COP12/Doc.25.3 on Taxonomy and Nomenclature UNEP/CMS/ScC-Sc2/Inf.3 DISAGGREGATION OF BIRD FAMILIES LISTED ON CMS APPENDIX II 1. Through Resolution 11.19, the Conference of Parties adopted as the standard reference for bird taxonomy and nomenclature for Non-Passerine species the Handbook of the Birds of the World/BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World, Volume 1: Non-Passerines, by Josep del Hoyo and Nigel J. Collar (2014); 2.
    [Show full text]
  • The Biodiversity and Forest Condition of Mamiwa-Kisara North Forest Reserve
    TFCG Technical Paper 41 The biodiversity and forest condition of Mamiwa-Kisara North Forest Reserve By J. Gwegime, M. Mwangoka, E. Mulungu, J. Latham, R. E. Gereau and N. Doggart Dar es Salaam, 2014 i © Tanzania Forest Conservation Group Suggested citation: Gwegime, J., M. Mwangoka, E. Mulungu, J. Latham, R.E. Gereau and N. Doggart (2014). The biodiversity and forest condition of Mamiwa-Kisara North Forest Reserve. TFCG Technical Paper 41. TFCG, DSM, Tz. 1-86 pp. Cover photograph: Forest at the Nongwe Study Site by Justine Gwegime. ii ii Executive Summary The Ukaguru Mountains encompass six catchment forest reserves within the Eastern Arc Mountains (Ikwamba, Mamboto, Mamboya, Mamiwa-Kisara North, Mamiwa-Kisara South and Uponera). Mamiwa– Kisara North and South comprise the largest forest block in the Ukaguru Mountains. The reserves cover 14,469 ha (Mamiwa-Kisara North is 8,203 ha and Mamiwa-Kiwara South is 6,266 ha). The reserves are approximately 80 km from Kilosa and 20 km from Gairo. Mamiwa-Kisara forest is part of the Ukaguru Mountains Important Bird Area. At least three strictly endemic and 14 Eastern Arc endemic vertebrate species are found in the Ukaguru Mountain forests (Rovero et al., 2014). The forests also contain plants species that are either strictly endemic, such as Lobelia sancta (strictly endemic to Mamiwa-Kisara forest), or of restricted distribution, such as Impatiens ukagaruensis as well as Allanblackia stuhlmannii, Schefflera lukwangulensis, Pavetta lynesii, Streptocarpus schliebenii and Arisaema uluguruense (Lovett and Pocs, 1993). There is one newly discovered amphibian species known in Mamiwa–Kisara forest, Nectophrynoides paulae (Rovero et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Village Forest Management As a Way to Protect Biodiversity in Tanzania
    Village Forest Management as a way to protect biodiversity in Tanzania Authors: Heini Vihemäki (World Agroforestry Centre, Nairobi, Kenya) and Charles Leonard (Tanzania Forest Conservation Group, Tanzania) The experiences from around Tanzania suggest that Community Based Forest Management (CBFM) has had promising results in terms of forest recovery and maintenance. Local people also conceive that CBFM has decreased forest threats. Yet, further studies are required to verify the findings (e.g. Blomley et al. 2008). In this paper, we analyze the effects of CBFM, especially the Village Forest Reserves (VFR), for conservation of biodiversity, and the challenges facing their continuity. We draw from the results of a botanical survey and bird survey covering a gradient from Village Forest to agroforests and to more open land uses, conducted in the ‘biodiversity hotspot’ of the East Usambaras as a part of the CIFOR-ICRAF research collaboration, Landscape Mosaics project, and from field observation and secondary material. The results confirm the importance of VFRs for biodiversity conservation, in terms of species composition, but also indicate that the continuity of their management is at risk, e.g. due to dependency on externally funded projects. In the end, we discuss the challenges facing continuity of the management of village forest reserves and identify ways of improving the continuity. Key words: biodiversity conservation, village forest management, Tanzania 1. Introduction The need to conserve tropical biodiversity outside the strictly protected areas, in areas that are more or less intensively used by humans, has became acknowledged in the global conservation and development debate within the past years (Zuidema & Sayer 2002, Wiersum 2003, Sayer et al 2005).
    [Show full text]
  • TFCG Technical Paper 18 the VERTEBRATE BIODIVERSITY AND
    TFCG Technical Paper 18 THE VERTEBRATE BIODIVERSITY AND FOREST CONDITION OF UDZUNGWA MOUNTAIN FORESTS IN MUFINDI DISTRICT By N. Doggart, C. Leonard, A. Perkin, M. Menegon and F. Rovero Dar es Salaam June 2008 Cover photographs by Michele Menegon. From left to right. 1. Horned bush viper eating a reed frog. 2. View of Igoda Forest and adjacent tea fields. 3. Spiny flanked chameleon (Chamaeleo laterispinis) ¤ Tanzania Forest Conservation Group Suggested citations: Whole report Doggart, N., C. Leonard, A. Perkin, M. Menegon and F. Rovero (2008). The Biodiversity and forest condition of Udzungwa Mountain forests in Mufindi District. TFCG Technical Paper No 18. DSM, Tz. 1- 142 pp. Sections with Report: (example using section 3) Menegon, M., (2008). Reptiles and Amphibians. In: Doggart, N., C. Leonard, A. Perkin, M. Menegon and F. Rovero (2008). The Biodiversity and forest condition of Udzungwa Mountain forests in Mufindi District.TFCG Technical Paper No 18. DSM, Tz. 1 - 142 pp. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Introduction The Eastern Arc Mountain forests in Mufindi District lie at the south-western extreme of the Eastern Arc. The forests are found on the Mufindi plateau at the top of the Mufindi escarpment. The plateau includes a mosaic of forest, commercial tea cultivation, pine and eucalyptus plantation, coffee and subsistence agriculture. The forests of Mufindi are highly fragmented and many of them show high levels of disturbance some of which dates back over 50 years. Lovett & Pócs (1993) suggest that parts of the larger Mufindi forests such as Kigogo were cultivated in the mid 19th Century and cite the presence of agricultural ridges under the forest.
    [Show full text]
  • The Birds of the Dar Es Salaam Area, Tanzania
    Le Gerfaut, 77 : 205–258 (1987) BIRDS OF THE DAR ES SALAAM AREA, TANZANIA W.G. Harvey and KM. Howell INTRODUCTION Although the birds of other areas in Tanzania have been studied in detail, those of the coast near Dar es Salaam have received relatively little recent attention. Ruggles-Brise (1927) published a popular account of some species from Dar es Salaam, and Fuggles-Couchman (1939,1951, 1953, 1954, 1962) included the area in a series of papers of a wider scope. More recently there have been a few other stu­ dies dealing with particular localities (Gardiner and Gardiner 1971), habitats (Stuart and van der Willigen 1979; Howell 1981), or with individual species or groups (Harvey 1971–1975; Howell 1973, 1977). Britton (1978, 1981) has docu­ mented specimens collected in the area previous to 1967 by Anderson and others. The purpose of this paper is to draw together data from published reports, unpu­ blished records, museum specimens and our own observations on the frequency, habitat, distribution and breeding of the birds of the Dar es Salaam area, here defi­ ned as the portion of the mainland within a 64-km radius of Dar es Salaam, inclu­ ding the small islands just offshore (Fig. 1). It includes Dar es Salaam District and portions of two others, Kisarawe and Bagamoyo. Zanzibar has been omitted because its unusual avifauna has been reviewed (Pakenham 1979). Most of the mainland areas are readily accessible from Dar es Salaam by road and the small islands may be reached by boat. The geography of the area is described in Sutton (1970).
    [Show full text]
  • Coordinated Monitoring of the Endangered Spotted Ground Thrush in the East African Breeding and Non-Breeding Grounds
    CEPF SMALL GRANT FINAL PROJECT COMPLETION REPORT I. BASIC DATA Organization Legal Name: BirdLife International Project Title (as stated in the grant agreement): Coordinated Monitoring of the Endangered Spotted Ground Thrush in the East African Breeding and Non-breeding Grounds Implementation Partners for This Project: Wildlife Conservation Society of Tanzania, Nature Kenya, A Rocha Kenya, individual contributors of basic data Project Dates (as stated in the grant agreement): March 1, 2007 - December 31, 2008 Date of Report (month/year): February 2009 II. OPENING REMARKS Provide any opening remarks that may assist in the review of this report. Spotted Ground Thrush Zoothera guttata is an endemic resident and intra-African migrant bird species. The species is classified as Endangered. Although the species can be found in seven African countries (DRC, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania), Z. g. fischeri, one of the five recognised races of the species, is confined to and migrates within the coastal forests of Kenya and Tanzania. Recent records from Rondo Plateau in the coastal forests of Lindi District in Tanzania indicate that Z. g. fischeri breeds in southern Tanzania coastal forests. It is known as a non-breeding visitor to forests on the Kenya coast and north- eastern Tanzania from Lamu to Pugu Hills. Since the bird is a cross-border species it is particularly difficult to conserve and requires concerted action. In response to this challenge, BirdLife International developed an International Action Plan for the species and further translated it into the national contexts for Kenya and Tanzania using participative stakeholder workshops. In all the three action plans, it is recognised that limited knowledge about the species distribution, movement and population size is a critical problem hindering its conservation, especially in East Africa.
    [Show full text]
  • Survey of Birds on Namuli Mountain (Mozambique), November 2007, with Notes on Vegetation and Mammals
    Survey of birds on Namuli Mountain (Mozambique), November 2007, with notes on vegetation and mammals Françoise Dowsett-Lemaire A report prepared for the Darwin Initiative, the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew BirdLife International, Instituto de Investigação Agrária de Moçambique and Mount Mulanje Conservation Trust. Dowsett-Lemaire Misc. Report 60 (2008) Dowsett-Lemaire Misc. Rep. 60 (2008) -1- Birds of Namuli Mtn, Mozambique Survey of birds on Namuli Mountain (Mozambique), November 2007, with notes on vegetation and mammals Françoise Dowsett-Lemaire Summary Ornithological surveys were carried out on Namuli Mountain (peak 2419 m) from 14-27 November 2007. Most fo rest on Namuli is found above 1600 or 1700 m, to c. 1900 m (with scrubby forest to 2000 m or a little higher), with the largest block of Manho Forest (at least 1000 ha) spreading over the south-western slopes of the Muretha Plateau. Mid-altitude forest on the south-eastern slopes has been greatly reduced in recent decades by fires and clearance for agriculture. Other habitats include montane grassland (rather wet and peaty), small areas of montane shrubland, rocky outcrops and large granitic domes. The woody vegetation of the various forest types is described in some detail: the dominant emergents of Afromontane forest at 1600-1850 m are Faurea wentzeliana (new for Mozambique, at its sou thern limit of range) and Cryptocarya liebertiana , followed by Olea capensis . Albizia adianthifolia, Newtonia buchananii and Parinari excelsa are dominant in mid-altitude forest (1200-1450 m). Some notes on mammals observed are also included. The main base camp (15-24 November) was on Muretha Plateau at the altitude of 1860 m, in a mosaic of grass - land and small forest patches.
    [Show full text]
  • Mt Mabu, Mozambique: Biodiversity and Conservation
    Darwin Initiative Award 15/036: Monitoring and Managing Biodiversity Loss in South-East Africa's Montane Ecosystems MT MABU, MOZAMBIQUE: BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION November 2012 Jonathan Timberlake, Julian Bayliss, Françoise Dowsett-Lemaire, Colin Congdon, Bill Branch, Steve Collins, Michael Curran, Robert J. Dowsett, Lincoln Fishpool, Jorge Francisco, Tim Harris, Mirjam Kopp & Camila de Sousa ABRI african butterfly research in Forestry Research Institute of Malawi Biodiversity of Mt Mabu, Mozambique, page 2 Front cover: Main camp in lower forest area on Mt Mabu (JB). Frontispiece: View over Mabu forest to north (TT, top); Hermenegildo Matimele plant collecting (TT, middle L); view of Mt Mabu from abandoned tea estate (JT, middle R); butterflies (Lachnoptera ayresii) mating (JB, bottom L); Atheris mabuensis (JB, bottom R). Photo credits: JB – Julian Bayliss CS ‒ Camila de Sousa JT – Jonathan Timberlake TT – Tom Timberlake TH – Tim Harris Suggested citation: Timberlake, J.R., Bayliss, J., Dowsett-Lemaire, F., Congdon, C., Branch, W.R., Collins, S., Curran, M., Dowsett, R.J., Fishpool, L., Francisco, J., Harris, T., Kopp, M. & de Sousa, C. (2012). Mt Mabu, Mozambique: Biodiversity and Conservation. Report produced under the Darwin Initiative Award 15/036. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, London. 94 pp. Biodiversity of Mt Mabu, Mozambique, page 3 LIST OF CONTENTS List of Contents .......................................................................................................................... 3 List of Tables .............................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Systematic and Taxonomic Issues Concerning Some East African Bird Species, Notably Those Where Treatment Varies Between Authors
    Scopus 34: 1–23, January 2015 Systematic and taxonomic issues concerning some East African bird species, notably those where treatment varies between authors Donald A. Turner and David J. Pearson Summary The taxonomy of various East African bird species is discussed. Fourteen of the non- passerines and forty-eight of the passerines listed in Britton (1980) are considered, with reference to treatments by various subsequent authors. Twenty-three species splits are recommended from the treatment in Britton (op. cit.), and one lump, the inclusion of Jackson’s Hornbill Tockus jacksoni as a race of T. deckeni. Introduction With a revision of Britton (1980) now nearing completion, this is the first of two pa- pers highlighting the complexities that surround some East African bird species. All appear in Britton in one form or another, but since that landmark publication our knowledge of East African birds has increased considerably, and with the advances in DNA sequencing, our understanding of avian systematics and taxonomy is con- tinually moving forward. A tidal wave of phylogenetic studies in the last decade has revolutionized our understanding of the higher-level relationships of birds. Taxa pre- viously regarded as quite distantly related have been brought together in new clas- sifications and some major groups have been split asunder (Knox 2014). As a result we are seeing the familiar order of families and species in field guides and checklists plunged into turmoil. The speed at which molecular papers are being published continues at an unprec- edented rate. We must remember, however, that while many molecular results may indicate a relationship, they do not necessarily prove one.
    [Show full text]
  • Tanzania, 30 November to 21 December 2020
    Tanzania, 30 November to 21 December 2020 Thomas Pettersson This tour was organized by Tanzania Birding and Beyond Safaris and unfortunately, I was the only participant as my friend was prevented from going as was planned. The flights from Stockholm via Addis Ababa to Dar es Salaam and back with Ethiopian Airlines were uneventful. The only differences from my previous flights were that wearing face masks on the aircrafts was mandatory, and recommended at the airports, and that they checked my body temperature at both arrival and departure. I am not sure what the consequences would have been in case of fever. You must also complete a health declaration both for transfer and arrival. The outbound flight from Stockholm to Addis Ababa was about half empty and on the return perhaps only 25 % of the seats were occupied, which meant good nights sleep on three seats both ways. The flights between Addis Ababa and Dar es Salaam were fully booked both ways. The domestic flights with Coastal Aviation from Dar es Salaam via Zanzibar (Unguja) to Pemba and on to Tanga were also smooth, with the same regulations as above. The aircrafts were painfully small though, 12 seats. Not much space for legs and hand luggage. On the other hand, the distances are short. All in all, the tour was a big success. Accommodation was generally good, although basic at some places, but nothing to complain about. Food was excellent and plentiful, and I had no issues with the stomach. The drivers and the guides were excellent, in particular the outstanding Anthony, who guided most of the tour.
    [Show full text]
  • Guide to Theecological Systemsof Puerto Rico
    United States Department of Agriculture Guide to the Forest Service Ecological Systems International Institute of Tropical Forestry of Puerto Rico General Technical Report IITF-GTR-35 June 2009 Gary L. Miller and Ariel E. Lugo The Forest Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture is dedicated to the principle of multiple use management of the Nation’s forest resources for sustained yields of wood, water, forage, wildlife, and recreation. Through forestry research, cooperation with the States and private forest owners, and management of the National Forests and national grasslands, it strives—as directed by Congress—to provide increasingly greater service to a growing Nation. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or part of an individual’s income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD).To file a complaint of discrimination, write USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W. Washington, DC 20250-9410 or call (800) 795-3272 (voice) or (202) 720-6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Authors Gary L. Miller is a professor, University of North Carolina, Environmental Studies, One University Heights, Asheville, NC 28804-3299.
    [Show full text]