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Victims, Aggressors and the Secret

U.S. Department of Justice National Institute of Justice This document has been reproduced exactly as received from the person or organization originating it. Points of view or opinions stated in this dcr;ument are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position or policies of the National Institute of Justice. ...:.. o Permission to reproduce this copyrighted material has been granted by Minnesota Department of Public Welfare ;1] to the National Criminal Justice Reference Service (NCJRS).

Further reproduction outside of the NCJRS system requires permis-' sion of the copyright owner.

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An Exploration" o into Fami!!

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"Carol R. Watkins

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1I ; COPyright © 1982 by Carol R. Watkins. All ,~ rights reserved, including the right of repro­ duction in whole or in part, in any forms or by any means, without written permission from f, \'the author. 0

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~,iorary of u Congress CatalogO Number "82-620'014 " ,) Publisned by the Minnesota Department .of ()

(I () f{ Public Welfare. Ii " The work on this book was supported in part by the Department of Health and Human Services, National Center on Child and To all victims. , Minnesota State Grant #5388-E. To aggressors learning nonviolence. Opinions and recommendations expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of the 'fo working to be safe for all members. Department of Health and Human Services or the Minnesota Department of Public Welfare. "'>

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Conte,nts Acknowledgements -.~~; ~------

• C'~. Preface ...1 All of us know someone who has been hit or sexually Jllolested by a Introduction m family member. Many of us know someone who has beaten or raped a family member. The physical of may be hidden o from us, but the persons are part of our everyday lives. We can talk 1: The SQ)ciology of Family Violence 1 \; with a neighbor, attend a meeting, lead a camping group, go to The Family CJ )) church, teach a course, or visit someone and be unaware that we are " Family Structural Change 2 " working,' playing, and talking with persoiis who live with violence in ,- 5., Cultural Violence ~~ 0 ,I thei~ families. When we learn about it, when the secret is broken, we Violence as Learned Behavior 7 ;; are uneasy. We want to avoid what we see; so we co~it up, play it Exposure to Violence 7 '~ down, hope everything will work out, and forget about it. But the I .1 1~ -1 violence does not go away just because we ignore it or because we do ) Physical of Cl1ildren 9 it ',) v 11 H not know what to do about it. Sex Role Differentiation it !t There are Ibdividuals who have made a statement: It is not I Male Socialization 11 1\ Ii \ acceptable to burn a chlld, beat a wife, sexllally exploit a mentally 12 I Female Sdcialization :! retarded woman,. slap (grandfather - and keep it in the privacy of ! ., Sexual Socialization 13 " --"':-.- I 1~ \~ the family. In making a statement, these individuals have sensitized il I Devaluation 14 others and organiz