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Dali and the Surrealists in Yerevan

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Dali and the Surrealists in Yerevan Keghart Dali and the Surrealists in Yerevan Non-partisan Website Devoted to Armenian Affairs, Human Rights https://keghart.org/dali-and-the-surrealists-in-yerevan/ and Democracy DALI AND THE SURREALISTS IN YEREVAN Posted on July 15, 2011 by Keghart Category: Opinions Page: 1 Keghart Dali and the Surrealists in Yerevan Non-partisan Website Devoted to Armenian Affairs, Human Rights https://keghart.org/dali-and-the-surrealists-in-yerevan/ and Democracy Ani Margaryan, Yerevan, 15 July 2011 Click here for the Armenian version below (Հայերէն) “Dali and Surrealists” exhibition, which opened at the Armenian National Gallery in Yerevan on July 6, features more than 160 surrealist works, including 120 etchings by Spanish genius Salvador Dali created between 1934 and 1973. The event was made possible through the efforts of the Ministry of Culture, the Consulate General of Armenia in the United States, as well as the Armenian United Foundation. Ani Margaryan, Yerevan, 15 July 2011 Click here for the Armenian version below (Հայերէն) “Dali and Surrealists” exhibition, which opened at the Armenian National Gallery in Yerevan on July 6, features more than 160 surrealist works, including 120 etchings by Spanish genius Salvador Dali created between 1934 and 1973. The event was made possible through the efforts of the Ministry of Culture, the Consulate General of Armenia in the United States, as well as the Armenian United Foundation. The rest of the exhibition highlighted works by artists related to surrealism or who have drawn inspiration from it. Among them are Ervand Kochar (“Paintings in Space”), film director Sergei Parajanov ("The Last Supper" and "Mona Lisa"), Hakob Hakobian (metaphysical landscapes and still life), Arshile Gorky (unique chaotic compositions), Gayane Khachaturian (masquerade figures), Carzou (abandoned cities and ports), witness to the Armenian Genocide Leon Tutundjian's work, master abstractionist Vasily Kandinsky (book illustrations), Hans Bellmer (graphics), surrealist Leonor Fini (mythological compositions), a founder of metaphysical art Giorgio de Chirico and other famous artists. Among the Dali segment are the memorable series of “Maldoror songs”, “Mythology”, “Faust”, “Hippie”. The etchings are from the collection of Christine Arguillet and her gallery. Dali met Pierre Arguillet, the publisher and collector in Paris in 1934. The meeting became the foundation of their productive cooperation which lasted for about half a century. Arguillet bought the etching plates of Dali “Maldoror songs” and at the same time supported Dali’s experiments of the copper etching. Soon Arguillet became one of the closest friends of the dada-surrealistic group, during a period which saw the creation of one of the most significant collections by Dali, Hans Arp, Tristan Tzara, de Chirico, Kandinsky and other giants. In 1981, at a castle near Fountainbleu, Arguillet opened a museum of the works of surrealism representatives. After his death, his daughter, Christine, assumed the management of the museum. She is a leading art critic in Europe. Even in graphics Dali's work remains faithful to the artistic language and style, symbols and Page: 2 Keghart Dali and the Surrealists in Yerevan Non-partisan Website Devoted to Armenian Affairs, Human Rights https://keghart.org/dali-and-the-surrealists-in-yerevan/ and Democracy images which are peculiar to him. In the etching series one notices the repeated images of the same burning giraffes and melting watches, pegged bodies with canes and sticks eating each other with fork and knife, open drawers, female allegoric figures symbolizing contradicting ideas such as temptation and softness, faithfulness and treachery, lies and innocence, as well as the embodiment and manifestation of nature. Often feminine figures are without faces; so Dali gives life to them by gestures and poses. Snails, ants, surrealistic abstract forms and details are often the main elements of the composition. Angels and devils, sometimes in a single image, fantastic creatures which are the combinations of human beings and animals, figures symbolizing life, death and love, mythological and Biblical characters and scenes with unexpected interpretations ("The Judgment of Paris", "Satyr", "Saint Anne", "Pieta") are, of course, part of the Dali cavalcade. Amazing bullfight depictions feature Catholic bishops, burning pianos, armored bulls, clowns instead of bullfighters, parrots, monsters and unreal figures--all innovatory solutions by the author. The exhibition yet again manifests Dali’s inexhaustible imagination, sense of humor, keen eyes, his mastery of technique, his skills in creating perfectly projected compositions by contrasting straight and crooked lines, sometimes of colored stains, as well as by the harmony of parallels. Dali's innate gift of combining eroticism, symbolism, surrealism, myth, religious motives, reality and satire inspire the viewer to find his or her own imaginary world in the extraordinary world of Salvador Dali. The exhibition ends on Oct. 15. Սալվադոր Դալիի ցուցահանդեսը (Video) Սալվադոր Դալիի և սյուրռեալիստների աշխատանքները Երևանում Հայաստանի ազգային պատկերասրահում սույն թվականի հուլիսի 6-ին ներկայացվեց «Դալին եւ սյուրռեալիստները» խորագրով ցուցահանդեսը, որը բաց է լինելու հանրության համար մինչև հոկտեմբերի 15-ը: Նշեմ, որ միջոցառումն իրականացվում է ՀՀ Մշակույթի նախարարության, ԱՄՆ-ում հայկական գլխավոր հյուպատոսության, ինչպես նաև Հայկական միավորված հիմնադրամի աջակցությամբ: Ցուցահանդեսում ընդհանուր առմամբ ներկայացված են 160 գրաֆիկական աշխատանքներ, որոնցից 120-ը հանճարեղ սյուրռեալիստ Սալվադոր Դալիի օֆորտային շարքերն են, որը վերջինս ստեղծել է 1934-1973 թվականներին, իսկ մնացյալ գործերը հեղինակել են սյուրռեալիզմին հարող կամ դրանից ներշնչանք քաղող արվեստագետները, որոնց շարքում են Երվանդ Քոչարը` իր` «գեղանկարչություն Page: 3 Keghart Dali and the Surrealists in Yerevan Non-partisan Website Devoted to Armenian Affairs, Human Rights https://keghart.org/dali-and-the-surrealists-in-yerevan/ and Democracy տարածության մեջ» շարժական աշխատանքներով, աշխարհահռչակ Սերգեյ Փարաջանովը` իր` Մոնա Լիզայի կերպարի և Խորհրդավոր ընթրիքի սյուժեի կոլաժային մեկնաբանություններով, Հակոբ Հակոբյանը` իր մետաֆիզիկական բնանկարներով ու նատյուրմորտներով, Արշիլ Գորկին` իր ինքնատիպ, քաոսային հորինվածքներով, Գայանե Խաչատուրյանը` իր` դիմակահանդեսային կերպարներով, Գառզուն` իր` լքված քաղաքների ու նավահանգիստների պատկերներով, Հայոց Ցեղասպանության վկա Լևոն Թյությունջյանը աբստրակցիոնիզմի վարպետ Վասիլիյ Կանդինսկին` իր` գրքային նկարազարդումներով, Հանս Բելմերը` իր գրաֆիկայով, իտալացի նկարչուհի, սյուրռեալիզմի ներկայացուցիչ Լեոնոր Ֆինին` իր դիցաբանական հորինվածքներով, մետաֆիզիկական գեղանկարչության հիմնադիրներից մեկը` Ջորջո դե Կիրիկոն և այլոք: Ինչ վերաբերում է Դալիի ներկայացված աշխատանքներին, ապա պետք է ասեմ, որ դրանք ընդգրկված են 20-րդ դարի փորագրության ոսկե ֆոնդում: Հիշատակման են արժանի «Մալդորորի երգերը» «Դիցաբանություն» «Ֆաուստ», «Հիպպի» շարքերը: Օֆորտները Քրիստին Արժիլեի հավաքածուից են` Արժիլե պատկերասրահից: 1934 թ. թվականին Սալվադոր Դալին Փարիզում հանդիպել է հայտնի նկարահավաք ու հրատարակիչ Պիեր Արժիլեին, ինչն էլ հիմք է դարձել շուրջ կեսդարյա արգասաբեր համագործակցության համար: 1971 թ. Պիեռ Արժիլեն Փարիզում բարոն Պետիեից ձեռք է բերում «Մալդորորի երգերը» շարքի օֆորտային տախտակները` միաժամանակ աջակցելով Դալիի` պղնձի վրա փորագրության տեխնիկայով արված փորձերին, որոնց գագաթնակետը դարձան գրաֆիկական տասը շարքերը: Պիեր Արժիլեն դառնում է դադաիստական-սյուրռեալիստական մեծ խմբի լավագույն բարեկամը` ժամանակի ընթացքում ստեղծելով խոշորագույն հավաքածուներից մեկը, որն ընդգրկում է Սալվադոր Դալիի, Հանս Արպի, Տրիստան Տցարայի, Ջորջո դե Կիրիկոյի, Վասիլի Կանդինսկու և շատ այլ վարպետների ստեղծագործությունները: 1980 թ. Ֆոնտենբլոյին կից դղյակում Պիերը բացում է սյուրռեալիզմի ներկայացուցիչների աշխատանքները պարփակող բացառիկ թանգարան, իսկ նրա մահվանից հետո դուստրը` Քրիստին Արժիլեն, ստանձնում է թանգարանի ղեկավարությունը: Քրիստինը ներկայումս էլ ճանաչված արվեստաբան է, արվեստի քննադատ, համագործակցում է Ֆրանսիայի, Գերմանիայի, ԱՄՆ-ի, Ռուսաստանի, Ճապոնիայի և մի շարք այլ պատկերասրահների ու թանգարանների հետ: Վերադառնալով ցուցահանդեսում ներկայացված Դալիի աշխատանքներին, հարկ է ընդգծել, որ անգամ գրաֆիկայում մեծն արվեստագետը հավատարիմ է մնացել լոկ իրեն հատուկ ոճին ու գեղարվեստական լեզվին, խորհրդանիշներին ու կերպարներին: Օֆորտային շարքերում կարելի է տեսնել նույն դալիական այրվող ընձուղտներին, հոսող ժամացույցներ, հենափայտերի վրա ամրացված մարմիններ, որոնք պատառաքաղով խժռում են միմյանց, բացվող դարակներով կերպարներ, կանացի այլաբանական Page: 4 Keghart Dali and the Surrealists in Yerevan Non-partisan Website Devoted to Armenian Affairs, Human Rights https://keghart.org/dali-and-the-surrealists-in-yerevan/ and Democracy ֆիգուրներ, որոնք խորհրդանշում են հակասական հասկացություններ` գայթակղություն ու մեղմություն, հավատարմություն ու դավաճանություն, խաբկանք ու անմեղություն, ինչպես նաև բնության մարմնավորումներ ու դրսևորումներ (հաճախ կանացի ֆիգուրներն անդեմ են, կերպարին շունչ է հաղորդվում ժեստերի ու մարմնի դիրքի միջոցով), խխունջներ, մրջյուններ, սյուրռեալիստական վերացական ֆորմաներ ու հորինվածքաստեղծ տարրեր, հրեշտակներ ու դևեր` երբեմն մեկ կերպարում, մտացածին էակներ` մարդու և կենդանու համակցմամբ, Կյանքը, Մահն ու Սերը խորհրդանշող կերպարներ, դիցաբանական ու Աստվածաշնչյան հերոսներ և տեսարաններ` անսպասելի մեկնաբանություններով (Պարիսի դատը, Սատիր, Ս. Աննա, Ողբ): Հետաքրքրություն են ներկայացնում Դալիական ցլամարտի տեսարանները, որտեղ հայտնվում են կաթոլիկ հոգևորականի հանդերձով եպիսկոպոսներ, այրվող դաշնամուրներ, զրահապատ ցլեր, ցլամարտիկների փոխարեն` ծաղրածուներ, թութակներ, հրեշներ ու իռեալ կերպարներ, հեղինակի կողմից ցլամարտի տեսարանի
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