Volume XXVII No. 6 June, 1972 INFORMATION ISSUED BY THE ASsooAjm OF mnsH REOGEES IN GREAT BRITAIN

^ir Elwyn Jones, Q.C., M.P. of war in 1939, details of the Nazi outrages filtered increasingly through to London, where the governments in exile were centred. On January 13, 1942, the Declaration of St. JUDGEMENT ON NUREMBERG James emanating from Initer-AlMed Con­ ferences On the Punishment of War Crimes, An abyss of time seems to separate us from dren taken into slavery, starved, beaten and repudiated the idea that the Nazi atrocities ^e terrible events which led to the setting murdered. Finally, as I have said, the per­ could adequately be dealt with " by acts of P of the Nuremberg Tribunal in 1945. For version of the German population, about vengeance on the part of the general public " ^'^G, those events are regarded as merely whose conversion to Nazism Baldur von and decided that " the sense of justice of ^^ of an historical past which should now Schirach, who turned German yooiith into a the civilised world required that the signatory ^^oisigned to the limbo of things forgotten pliant instrument, confessed at the trial: " It powers place among their principal war aims Jia best forgotten. I do not accept this view. is my fault that I educated German youth the punishment through channels of organised ^ Was vital that the record of those terrible for a man who committed murders a million- justice, of those guilty of or responsible for ^nts should be authoritatively made, and fold." these crimes." Out ^?''^*'^'^^°- It is right that I should point The following year the United Nations War Wa whereas Allied prosecutions of Nazi When all the criticisms of Nuremberg have been studied, the outstanding fact remains Crimes Commission was set up in London. It j'j'^r criminals ended in 1949, the Germans that the record of the todai is an answer for coUected the evidence and prepared for the e-f"^.^^^^es continued the prosecution of the all time to the apologists of Nazism. trial of the accused. This was the miomentous nmmals. The pity is that judgements in background of our Nuremberg endeavours. r>r1fr '^^^s have not been given much wider Critics have not been lacking who have ™°"«ty, so that the barbarities of Nazi rule called the trial judicial humbug. Sometimes One limitation on the scoi>e of the trial y be more widely known and condemned. these critics almost in the same voice com­ coaiifromted us at once. That was ithe doctrine mended the immediate shooting of the of " mUitary necessity". As a result of its su ^siTnan tragedy was the extent of the application, aerial bombardment of population <*ess o.f tihe hnital suppression of the Ger- accused without trial. It would have been a poor start for the attempt, however tentative centres—from pre-war German attacks on ^^n opposition and the triumph of Nazi Guemica and Barcelona, and the wartime pj.'^P^S^nda. As a result Germans of every and however limited its success, to establish an ordered system of justice between the raids on London, Coventry, Belgrade, Ham­ ^•°p^sion, every occupation, became com- burg and Berlin, to Dresden, Hiroshima and ^ tied to Hitler's murderous cause. It was nations if the vital question of the guilt or innocence of the Nazi leaders had been Nagasaki in 1945, were all excluded from y painful experience at Nuremberg to dis- criminality by the exigencies of warfare and do ^ ^^^ some of the worst villains in the decided by lynch law. Nuremiberg was such an attempt, given intemational approval by the outcome of mUitary pressures. None of p, ^'^ — the scar-faced Kaltenbrunner; Hans these became the subject of proceedings. the'f^' ^^ Butcher of Poland ; Seyss-Inquart, no less than 23 nations. That the attempt ^ tyrant of the Low Countries, and others has not yet succeeded is no fault of the trial The temptation, therefore, to say that war cat^ '-bemselves lawyers who had been edu- or of the principles it so clearly propounded. is war and everything goes, and that law has y ^ at some of Germany's finest universi- For the first time in history, an International no part in it, is great. But the fact is that ^, • From the poison of racial propaganda, Court administered international criminal the existence of laws of war has imposed 'aw. The theory that States only, and not some restraints on armed forces. Mankind to ^ ^^ '^ ^^^ °^^ voice that is allowed individuals, are the subject of intemational is better off with them than without them. . ?e heard, no profession, no class, no nation law was refuted. j^ immune, indeed, it is my belief that the Without them more hospitals would have uremberg trial is of abiding value and sig- As the years went by, after the outbreak been bombed, more of the miUions of priisoners-of-Avar have been murdered. ledT"^^ because the terrible events which Th f ^* ^^'^^ faithfuUy recorded for aU time. The next category of crimes condemned at tiijf i"^<^ord remains as a warning for all Nuremberg was crimes against humanity. The Association of Jewish Refugees in These have been condemned by every civilised but^' ^^ °*^'^y '^ *^® ®^ ^ racial haitred °f the capacity of twentieth-century mass Great Britain legal system. It is tme that they had not ^'fter; "mination of innocent men, women and reminds members and friends of the previously been tried before an intemational child '"en, when the communications media of court. But an international system which Press publishing and broadcasting fall into GENERAL MEETING had no means of punishing the mass murders totaldta rian hands. of Auschwitz would be a mockery. To con­ Th on Thursday, June 8, at 7.45 p.m. tend that the murderers should go scot-free, e magnitude of the trial reflected the at Hannah Karminski House, because when they closed the doors on the exa "^^"^^^ of the crime that had to be gas-chambers no legal machinery for dealing lo ''^^'^?'^- First, world war: in Europe over 9 Adamson Road, Swiss Cottage, N.W.S I with them had been set up, would make law Pjy.?''''^ion dead, soldiers, sailors, airmen and the denial of justice. Bearing in mind the fro J^iUed in battle ; townships wrecked Reports on AJR Activities conditions prevaUing in Germany in 1945, an \t^-^^ own constituency in West Ham to I'^lingr; Treasurer's Report international tribunal was the least objection­ ad, farms and fields laid waste; then Election of Executive and Board able solution. Humanity produces apologists dis ^^P^'ling aftermath of the war, and the (The list of candidates submitted by the Executive for everything, even brutal racialism. No gen^^-^ and hunger that spread. Secondly, was published in the previous issue) crime is too horrible, no perversion too that*'^^'^^' ^ °^* word to describe a crime II grotesque for its defenders not to be found. lawv ^^^ ^^^^ beyond Herod, but which Against them, Nuremberg provides—or ^i?'^rs before have never set out to punish Dr. Walter Schindler: should have provided—an imperishable forti­ j^^e deliberate attempt to destroy whole fication for every race everywhere. Uj;,,J?°s and races. Thirdly, mass murder— ORIGIN AND ENVIRONMENT del vf"^^ put to death in cold blood as a Psychological Aspects of the Jewish I have said—should have provided. Look­ ^ liberate matter of State policy. The names Refugee Problem ing back over the events of the last quamteir ^alri ^^^^^'^^' TrebUnka, Dachau, Buchen- of a century and at the events of today, I larn' '^^'^'^bausen, Maidenek, Oranienburg are Non-members are not entitled to vote, but fear ait is too much -to claim that it did. Slav ^ O'f shame in human history. Fourthly, are welcome as guests at the meeting ^ry: seven million men, women and chil- Continued on page 2, column 1 Page 2 AJR INFORMATION JUNE, 1972 taken towards the establishment of an inter­ JUDGEMENT ON NUREMBERG national criminal court. That was duly done in the 1954 General Assembly. Its decision Continv,ed from page 1 was to postpone consideration of the question of an intemational criminal jurisdiction untU, The Nuremiberg trial while it lasted was a concem as to how sach a verdict might affect them. I remain quite impenditent. if you please, the General Assembly had successful co-operation between aU the coun­ taken up the report of the Special Committee tries the Nazi Govemment had assailed. But The Nuremberg Charter and Judgement on the question of defining aggression. The even before it ended, the cracks in that did not contain any definition of " war of wheel had turned fuOll circle. It was a cer­ edifice began to show. aggression ", but acted on the principle that tain means of kUling the project. The fact The intemational formula began to wither aggression is easier to recognise than to is that the project was, and is, premature. away, but not at once. On December 10, define and that on the proven facts it was Until mankind creates a climate of world 1946, the United Nations Assembly adopted easy to recognise aggressive war in the opinion in which war itself can be eliminated, a resolutdon which affirmed the principles of various Nazi invasions of Euroi>ean countries. an intemational criminal tribunal, with juris­ the Charter and the Judgement of the Nurem­ It was indisputable that neither Poland, Den­ diction over aM nations, cannot come into berg Tribunal. This, then, became part of mark, Norway, Holland, Belgium, Yugoslavia, being. To pronounce this on a day when International Law which every civUised Greece nor the Soviet Union had attacked two half-starved peoples are kUling, instead nation is under a duty to respect and apply. Germany. Applying aggression as a test of of feeding and clothing, each other, is a I cannot emphasise this too strongly. It ex­ criminality it seemed clear where the blame measure of how remote that eventual out­ plains why, for instance, as Professor Telford lay. Nuremberg, however, left unresolved come is. It was not the outcome that those Taylor has expressed it in his chaUenging the question of how " aggressive war " should of us who laboured at Nuremberg a quarter book, " Nuremberg and Vietnam : An Ameri­ be defined. Whereas nature abhors a vacuum of a century ago expected, though towards can Tragedy ", in the United States, far from Foreign Offices apparently don't. This is the end iit was an outcome that we feared. being forgotten, the Nuremberg trials are what happened. The problem was examined Yet I have no regret that I spent a year invoked today, not in connection with a war during the 1951 Session of the Assembly of of my Ufe at Nuremberg helping to expose that is ancient history to everyone under 50, the U.N. It came to the momentous conclu­ and punish the vUe and cru^ fomenters of but as part of what he caUs " the seething sion that it was both possib'e and desirable hatred and violence between peoples and anguished debate over the war in Vietnam to achieve a definition of aggression by refer­ races. The lessons we spelled out were dear. which is shaking our society to its founda­ ring to " the elements which constitute it". Humanity ignores them at its peril. tions ". FaUure by the U.N. to define aggressive The matter was expressed with hds cusito- war, after a series of inconclusive committees mary forcefulness by Mr Justice Jackson in from 1953 until 1965, was also partly respon­ From the 16th Noah Barou Memorial Lec­ one of his addresses to the Nuremberg sible for the failure to establish an inter­ ture, given by the Rt. Hon. Sir Elwyn Jones, Tribunal: " Whi'e this law is first appUed national criminal court. That matter came Q.C., M.P.; H.M. Attorney-General, 1964- against German aggressors, if it is to serve before the General Assembly in December, 1970; Member of British War Crimes Execu­ any useful purpose it must condemn aggres­ 1950. A committee of 17 States was set up tive. sion by any other nations, including those to oonsiider it. It included the United King­ which sit here now in judgement". dom, India and Pakistan, Israel and Egypt. Today, if a World Ombudsman, a Record­ The committee met in 1951 and " formulated i ing Angel, were to ask the average Russian, proposals regarding some of the more im­ TAXATION OF PENSIONS American, EngUshman, Pakistani, Indian, portant questions to which the creation of Chinese, Egyptian, Israeli, South African or an international criminal court gives rise". A Recent High Court Decision Greek—if you were to examine the conduct The record of the committee adds: " It did of your Government since the war in the not wish to give their proposals any appear­ Article IX of the Double Taxation Agree­ light of the principles which were appUed ance of finality". Of that there was no ment between this country and Gennany pro­ to Germany at the Nuremberg Trials, would serious risk. vides that pensions paid to United Kingdom it emerge unscathed ? No doubt the political The General Assembly of 1952 expressed to residenits "in respect of present or past ser­ historian wUl one day give us the answer : the committee its appreciation for its valu­ vices or work, out of public funds of the I doubt Whether it wiU be reasisuring. able work, then appointed another committee. Federal Republic" shall be exempt froin Before Nuremberg, war crimes proceedings This held 23 meetings in 1953. Incidentally, United Kingdom tax in cases where the reci­ were usually taken against the smaU fry. At Pakistan did not send a representative. The pient is a German national or holds dual Nuremberg we identified the primary guilt of U.N. report on the committee's deliberations nationality (British and German). Pensions the top of both the military and civilian hier­ records: " Some members expressed the con­ paid to former officials of Jewish communal archy. Later in 1949, in what was among the viction that, in the present stage of inter­ bodies in Germany are included in this cate­ last of the War Crimes Trials in the British national relations and international organisa­ gory, but not German Social Insurance Pen­ Zone, it became my duty to take part in the tions, any attempt to establish an inter­ sions. trial of Field-Marshal von Manstein. Despite national criminal jurisdiction would meet It was recently held by the High Court, in the refusal of the Russians to assist in that with unsurmountable obstacles. As an ulti­ the case of Oppenheimer v. Cattermole that trial, he was convicted on the strength of cap­ mate objective an intemational criminal court the Nazi decree of November, 1941, depriving tured Gennan documents, of neglecting hiis would be desirable, but its establishment German Jews resident outside Germany of duty as a military commander to ensure the at the present time would do more hairm their German nationaUty, could not be recog­ humane treatment of prisoners-of-war and of than good. The rigid maintenance of criminal nised as valid law in this country. The Court disregarding his duty as a military comman­ justice was Ukely to endanger the mainten­ also considered other provisions of the German der to ensure public order and safety within ance of peace ". Did the angels weep ? and British law relating to nationality and the area of his command. Mi'itary circles It was left to the General Assembly to came to the conclusion that all such German both here and elsewhere expressed grave decide what, if any, further steps should be Jews had retained German nationality. Those who had acquired British nationality by naturalisation, had dual nationality. The Public Servants Pensions paid in these cases were therefore exempt from U.K. tax. It is understood that the Inland Revenue has appealed against the High Court decision and the matter wiU in due course come before Feuchtwanger (London) Ltd. the Court of Appeal whose judgement may be expected within four to six months. If any ta'f Bankers in respect of a Gennan Public Pension i5 outstanding, or payable in July as secono instalment, under assessments made for the BASILDON HOUSE, 7^11 MOORGATE, E.C.2 year 1971/72, it is suggested to ask for defer menit of payment by reference to the case of Telephone: 01-600 8151 Opoenheimer v. Cattermole. We will report further on this matter when Telex: London 885822 the decision of the Court of Appeal is avaU­ able. _ F.E.F. AJR INFORMATION JUNE, 1972 Page 8 HOME NEWS ANGLOJUDAICA Endowments for Brain Research DICTIONARY DEFINITION OF "JEW" LORD JANNER 80 Two gifts of £250,000 each have been made On June 20, Lord Janner, Grand Old Man Mr. Marcus Shloimovitz, of Manchester, has to the Brain Research Tmst of the Institute 01 Anglo Jewry, wiU celebrate his SOlh birth­ been conducting a one-man campaign for the of Neurology. The Miriam Marks Trust has day. His longsi.anding signal services in public past three years for the deletion of descrip­ established the Miriam Marks department of ™id Jewish life have been widely recognised in tions of the word " Jew " in Oxford dictionar­ neuro-chemistry at the Institute, and the jnany ways. Af.er a successful career as a ies. At his request a writ has been issued second gift, by Sir Michael Sohell, wiU be njember of the House of Commons he was against the Clarendon Press, which publishes used to expand the department of neuro­ °tevated to the peerage and made a Freeman the Oxford range of dictionaries, to prevent physiology. <*i the City of Leicester, his former constiitu- it from publishing "derogatory and defama­ eocy. tory " definitions of the word " Jew". Princess Anne at Ravenswood Lord Janner's Jewish activities are mainiy According to the writ, the Shorter Oxford The new Annie Lawson School, part of a parried out under the auspices of the Board of English Djctionary defines " Jew" as " a £300,000 deve'opment project at Ravenswood, P^Puties, whose President he was from 1955- person of Hebrew race, an Israelite, appUed the Jewish village for mentaUy handicapped Afl,He is now Chairman of the Board's Foreign to a grasping or extortionate usurer, or a children at Crowthome, Berkshire, was ^ttairs Committee, and in this capacity in- trader who drives hard bargains and deals opened by Princess Anne. Britain, she *oiyed in the fight for underprivileged Jews in craftily ". declared should be proud of Ravenswood VU­ •arious countries. He attends to his onerous Mr. Shloimovitz said he asked for the in­ lage for the pioneering work it is doing for wv ? with the same devotion and energy with junction since his consistent approaches to mental health. The new buUding was spon­ yrbich he helped the victims of Nazi persecu- the publishers have been unsuccessful. Such sored by Mr. and Mrs. John Lawson, through ^on in previous times. His compassion, under- descriptions of the word were vicious and the Variety Club of Great Britain. j^ding, experience and courage have been a deliberate misinterpretation of the faith "^Valuable to Jews in this country, in Israel and race cf the Jews, he declared. Yvonne MitcheU opens Exhibition S "^any other parts of the world. We our- His campaign has been supported by poli­ At the nineteenth Jewish Child Art Exhi- ^=lves benefited from his qualities on many ticians. Churchmen and legal experts. Mr. teiition, held at the Ben Uri Art GaUery, Lon­ p^'^asions. Whenever we approached him we Ediward Heath in 1969 described the defini­ don, 250 paintings were exhibited. Miss ould rely on his helpfulness. Numerous in- tions as historical relics which had passed Yvonne Mitchell, the actress, was a surprise ^janees come to mind when he lent us his out of the vernacular " and no doubt this judge at the exhibition, having off'ered to ^^.PPort. His assistance in getting the compen- should be reflected in dictionaries". The attend the opening after hearing about it ^lon payments exempted from taxation is Archbishop of Canterbury has expressed during the Warsaw Ghetto memorial meeting Wr **^^ °^ *^^ many examples, " entire understanding" of Mr. Shloimovitz's for youth, which she attended earlier in the ye have reason to assume that our feelings " very natural distress at these definitions", day. She described the paintings as "divine," hi v"i^ndship for him are reciprocated because and Lord Salmon has " warmly agreed " with "gay," " fresh " and " colourful". ^6 has repeatedlv told us how much he aopre- the attempt to eliminate " such offensive and ^ated the efforts of the AJR. We extend our vulgar definitions ". Young Jews and Holocaust ^; ^^rest congratulations to Lord Janner and f'Sh him undiminished strength and vigour YOUNG LIBERALS PROTEST Giving the address at the annual martyrs' memorial service at the South Manchester ^"^ many years to come. A petition delivered to the Israe'i Embassy Synagogue, the Rev. Felix F. Carlebach " THANK-YOU, BRITAIN " FUND in London by the Union of Liberal Students accused young IsraeUs of tending to forget accuses the Israeli Government of torturing events in Jewish history, such as the Holo­ LECTURE BROADCAST prisoners and of the arbitrary deportations caust and the Warsaw Ghetto siege. The of Arabs. One of the signatories to the attitude of young sabras was " We would bv^D® "Thank-You, Britain" Fund Lecture petition, which is part of the union's national have died with our boots on—they couldn't Siv, °y Jenkins on " British Foreign Policy have placed us against the wall". But, said ^fice 1945" (reported in last month's issue) campaign against Israel's treatment of prisoners, was Mr. David Steel, the Liberal Mr. Carleibach, the victims of the Holocaust .as recorded by Radio 3 and broadcast on gave their souls in the name of God. ^Pm 29. Introducing the lecture the Party's Chief Whip. He is the first leading member of the Liberal Party to associate f "5°uncer explained to the listeners that the Lady Shinwell "d had been raised as an expression of himself publicly with such accusations, so far ?_ atitude by refugees from Nazi persecution, made only by the Young Liberals. The new, 75-year-old bride of 87-year-old wno were admitted to this country, Mr. Steel has stated that he was not con­ Lord Shinwell was formerly Mrs. Sarah rem 1 broadcast also included the opening sulted about the inclusion of the petition in Hurst, who has known Lord ShinweU for J "Jarks of the chairman of the lecture. Sir the students' campaign report on " alleged many years. She is the daughter of the late jk^^h BerUn, C.B.E., who told the audience politica" prisoners in Israel" and that his Mr. S. S. Stungo, J.P., one-time president ^?^ the fund had been established by people signature could not, therefore, possibly be of the Edinburgh Hebrew Congregation. By on ° "Were spared the fate of the Six MUlion taken to approve of everything else in the her previous marriage she has two sons, one uParis. He has no plans Medal, equivalent to the British CB (Com­ dismissed from his post. It is reported that for the future. Before Israel's independence panion of the Bath). Thds award was also his dismissal may be a result of his having in 1948. Rabbi Douek ministered to the rel­ recently given to Major-General "Jake" aUowed a ceremony commemorating the War­ igious needs of a community of about 63,000, Jacob, the Chief of Staff of the Imiian Army saw Ghetto Uprising to take place in Mos­ looking after the interes.ts of his community operating in East Pakistan. cow's central synagogue. also during the diflicult years of the Arab-Is­ Rear-Admiral B.A. Samson was the com­ His successor is Mr. Ephraim Kaplan, until raeli conflict sdnce 1948. Today only about mander -of the Indian Navy before he was now the superintendent of the synagogue 400 Jews remain in Egypt. appointed chairman and managing director of building. Mr. Royzen will remain a member In an exclusive interview with the Jewish the State-owned Mazagon dock in Bombay, of the synagogue's managing committee. Chronicle, Rabbi Douek paid tribute to one of the few profitable pubUc undertakings France, Italy and Spain for issuing passports in the country. He has now been elected DANCERS ANGER KIROV president of the Indian Engineering Associa­ so that many hundreds of Jews could leave tion, and is the first Jew associated with the Valery Panov, a leading dancer with the Egypt after the 1967 Six-Day War. public sector of the Indian economy to Kirov BaUet Company in Leningrad, has been Rabbd Douek, interpreted through a son, receive Ihds honour. There Ls no relationship dismissed by the company because he sought said that except for some excited youths the between the two Samsons. to emigrate to Israel. He faced two stiff Egyptian people were never aggressive police interrogations and a letter from him towards the Jews in the days after the Six- EUROPEAN COUNCIL OF JEWISH Day War. By and large the highest Egyptian to Mr. Leonid Brezhnev, the Party chief, authorities were "correct" even in applying COMMUNITIES supporting his request, further angered the Conference In Berlin authorities. their anti-Jewish nolicies. Many people were Panov, formerly Shulman, is the most interned during Israel's War of Indepen- For the first time since the end of the prominent Jewish artist so far to apply to ence in 1948. said Rabbi Douek. With the war Berlin was the venue of an intemational go to Israe'. Since Nureyev's defection in opening of the Six-Day War he confirmed Jewish conference. Delegates from twelve Paris in 1961 he has been regarded by many that many Jews were arrested and were not European countries, including Rumania and allowed to receive visitors for five or six as the Kirov's star soloist. Yugoslavia, and representatives of the GaUna Rogozina, Panov's non-Jewish Rus­ months. The official reason given for arrest­ " Joint" and the World Union of Jewish ing the Jews was that it was done to protect sian wife, who also applied to emigrate to Students, met in that city under the auspices Israel to be with her husband, has been them. Some were released in 1968 so that of the " European Council of Jewish Com­ they could celebrate Passover and it was transferred from leading to minor roles in munity Services ", for an exchange of views the company. then that it was leamed wilh horror, de­ and experiences between European Jewish clared Rabbd Douek, of their terrible con­ communities, many of which had ceased to ditions in prison. They were beaten up and function under the Nazi occupation and were JEWISH WARTIME HERO DETAINED tortured and some of the cruelties inflicted only re-established after the war. The 24 An appeal to the Polish Government to were indescribable. delegates discussed the preparation of a large aUow the emigration of Mr. Leib Domb ANTTSEMmSM IN ARGENTINA conference to be held in Paris in November, (Leopold Trepper) has been signed by eleven to which about 400 representatives from 18 Members of Parliament and 150 other Swiss A delegation from Daia, the representative European countries will be invited. On the personalities. Mr. Domb headed the success­ organisation of Argentine Jewry, met Dr. occasion of the meeting they were the ful Soviet " Red Orchestra " spy network dur­ Arturo Mor Roig, the Minister of the In­ luncheon guests of Berlin's First Mayor, Klaus ing the Second World War. He resigned terior, to express the community's deep con­ Schuetz. from communal leadership during the Polish cern at the extremist antisemitic campaign anti-Zionist campaign in 1968 and has been being conducted in all parts of the coimtry. FORMER EICHMANN AIDES SENTENCED under house arrest in Warsaw since last Dr. Mor Roig said the Government would Franz Novak, former aide of Adolf Eich­ summer. watch the sa:tuation carefuUy and take action mann. was sentenced at his fourth trial in The dispatch of the appeal was announced as necessary. Austria to seven years' hard labour for or­ at a press conference in Geneva attended The delegation pointed out that itiie anti- ganising the transport in 1944 of more than by Mr. Mikal Broide (Trepper), Mr. Domb's semitic campaign was madnly disseminated by 400,000 Jewish men, women and children son, who came from Copenhagen. The appeal Dr. Walter Beveraggi AUende. a university from Hungary to Auschwitz concentration stated that Switzerland was conscious of the professor, under the guise of anti-Zionism. camp in Poland, where most of them were situation if Hitler's dream had materialised, Dr. Allende, one of the leading antdsemitic murdered. Novak, who is not in custody, is and possessed feelings of gratitude for men agitators in Argentina, lias formed a appealing. The Austrian Supreme Court or­ like Trepper, who were among the architects "National Anti-Ziondst Command" and clainis dered a retrial after each of the previous of the defeat of the Nazis. that "aU social and econoniic sectors of our proceedings in 1964, 1966 and 1969. fatherland" are represented in the organ­ Anoither former assistant of Eichmann, ex- POLISH GOVERNMENT DISMISSAL isation. The professor also alleged that there SS Major Friedrich Bossha-mmer, was in is a secret Jewish plot to foment disruption West Berlin sentenced to life imprisonment IVIr. Eugeniusz Szyr, who was Deputy Prime in the coun/try with the aim of settaing up a for taking part n the deportation of about Minister and the last Jew occupying a promi­ Jewdsh State in the provinces. nent position in the Polish Government, has 3.300 Italian Jews during the war, later mur­ been dismissed. He now has a lesser admini­ HISTORIC SPANISH SEDER dered in Auschwitz. strative post as chairman of a newly formed State economic council. In TorremoUnos about 80 visitors from Bri­ BELSEN DESECRATION tain and Ireland ithds year celebrated what is The memorial site at the former Bergen- claimed to be the fir&t communal seder in Belsen Nazi concentration camp near BULGARIAN JEWS HONOURED southem Spain since the expulsion of the Hanover has been desecrated. The Jewish The Bulgarian Communist Party publishing Jews in 1492. Malaga and MarbeUa Jewish memorial, the initernatiional memorial and the house has published a biography of Itso commiunitv leaders joined in. Rabbd Abraham sandstone wa'U at the site were painted with Samouilov, also known as Emil Shekerdjiisky, B. Toledano acclaiming the service as herald­ anti-Jewish slogans. Written in German they a Bulgarian-Jewish Second World War Resist­ ing the rebirth of Jewish Ufe in siouthem declared "We will have peace only when the ance hero who died fighting the Nazis. On SiKiin. Jewish pack is expelled from Germany". the 60th anniversary of his birth tributes It was suggested that a commemorative Wrea'hs laid on the memorials were also were paid all over Bulgaria to his life and tablet recording this yeair's historic Passover removed and burnt. struggle. services be installed in the synagogue, later FANNY HENSEL EXHIBITION IN BERLIN A plaque in memory of Israel David Gial- to be transferred to a larger synagogue and detti, killed in 1944, was unveiled in front Talmud Torah to be built on land donated by To mark the 125th anniversary of the death of his house in the town of Yambol. In a member of the congregation. Nearly £400 of Fanny Hensel, the sister of FeUx Mendels­ memory of Moise Benbassat, Efraim Bent- was ooUected at the service as a contributiion sohn Bartholdy, an exhibition was held in zion and Hamim Bally a plaque and a bas- towards the new synagogue. the Mendelssohn Archives of the State Lib­ relief were unveiled in Haskovo. rary in BerUn-^Dahlem. Some of the exhibits were shown for the first time, among them BELSIZE SQUARE SYNAGOGUE numerous compositions of this gifted, versa­ BECHSTEIN STEINWAY BLUTHNER SI Beltlie Sauare. Lendon. N.W.S tUe woman, parts of her diary, letters and Finest selection reconditioned PIANOS SYNAGOGUE SERVICES a poem dedicated to Goethe. Always interested in purchasing are held regularly on the Eve of Sabbath well-preserved Instruments. and Festivals at 6.30 p.m. and on the day JAQUES SAMUEL PIANOS LTD. af 11 a.m. With acknowledgement to the news ALL ARE CORDIALLY INVITED service of the Jewish CHironicle. 142 Edgware Road, W.2 Tel.: 723 8818/9. AJR INFORMATION JUNE, 1972 Page 5 FAREWELL TO PEM Old Acquaintances A FAITHFUL FRIEND Prague, later in Vienna and then in our refuge in London. In the emigration PEM had hit END OF A COLUMN I first met PEM in print. That was in 1927 on "PEM's Privatberichte" (later, in England, and at the time he was a cub-reporter, writ- retitled "PEM's Personal Bulletins" and writ­ PEM's column has been a standing feature of }Jig for a scandal-mongering sheet, the ten in the Editor's quaint personal EngUsh) AJR Information almost sdnce its inception. 'Berliner Herold", and making a name for as a means of keeping a widely dispersed Now, with a heavy heart, the Editor has to himself by cocking a snook at a number of circle in contact with each other. A consider­ announce that it has come to an end. Its faith­ feUow-journalists of the various newspapers. able achievement which ended on Friday, ful contributor, PEM, is no longer among us, And I was one of his early victims. April 21, when the issue—^written by his old and he cannot be replaced. Readers will miss friend WiUi Frischauer—ibore no serial num­ Bis style was racy, his sense of fun out- him sadly. In his particular field, he served ber. It finished with the information that PEM fageous but never vindictive, and my wife as a link with our past. He told us how those had entered a clinic to restore his health. thought there was a lot in what he said so we knew were getting on after we had lost Unkindly about me. She wanted to meet him. The following Monday he died. sight of them. In the course of time, the This happened a few weeks later, at the Gala PHM, used to a bachelor's Ufe for many "Milestones" paragraph increasingly referred J'ight ol one of the films and thus started a years, had the good fortune to find in Hilde to people who had attained the ripe age of ^rtendship which was lasting and getting a loving comrade and understanding friend. eighty. Yet even more symptomatic was the weeper and closer with the passing of the The "lady of leisure" did him proud ; she growing number of those who had reached years. gave him the warmth he needed and the hap­ their journey's end. Now he has joined their ^HM, the typical Berliner, was—as so many piness which had eluded him before. ranks. of them—not bom there. He came from Two of the books he wrote epitomise the We know that many readers first turned to °eeskow and his early career was, strange subjects so near to his heart: "Strangers the "Old Acquaintances" column when they ^ relate, in banking. His military career, Everywhere", his first adventure in Uterature, received a new issue of AJR Information. ^jaotirng in 1918 by guarding Russian P.O.W.'s biographies of some fellow-refugees at the Very often, they wished to obtain some addi­ ^* Lehrter Bahnhof, terminated in 1940 when time when they were rebuilding their Uves. tional information on one item or another. In '^e was evacuated from Dunkirk. And, of course, "Heimweh nach dem Kuriuer- his untiring helpfulness PBM conscientiously It took PEM not long to become a £?tar stendamm", a best-seller for years. volunteered to answer their questions. I'eporter. He soon joined the "12Uhr Blatt", For nearly forty years PEM has recorded To have PEM as a contributor was a boon ^ unorthodox and Uvely outfit, where Rolf an era, showing changes and inter-relations of for every editor with whom he worked. He f'urnberg was the leading spirit and Vix±y a once closed literary community. Now the knew what was required and, as far as the ^gan to publish his first cartoons— hardly Chronicler himself is gone. administrative side was concemed, he made ut of school. As a reporter—and he insisted HANS FELD life easy by the unfailing punctuaUty with ?" his Ufe to remain one—PEM's range which he delivered his copy. His BerUn brand j^luded "Seohstage-Rennem" in tihe Sport- of straightforwardness was blended with an Palast, Variete like Carow's outside the West AN EPOCH HAS CLOSED unsurpassed cordiality and loyalty to his ^.'^d, up to and including a trip io Paris to friends and colleagues. There was also, strange PEM wrote a gossip column Uke "Londoner's iscover the promising director of "Sous les as it may sound to the uninitiated, a sense of Diary" in the Evening Standard in the form of foits de Paris", Rene Clair. humUity in him. I remember that once, when a News Letter. But looking back, these 1,532 he informed me of the death of an outstanding , All the time PEM was free and indepen- News Letters are the chronicle of all the "in- literary personality, he suggested that some­ ^^t He never joined the rat-race; he pre- people" of theatre, film, radio, books of the body of a different standing might be better ^rred inviting to being invited and when he 'twenties in Berlin. Quite on his own, with his quaUfied to write an appreciation. Yet within ^'tacked—and he did so most of the time— typewriter, he was a gatherer of the dispersed, the sphere in which he had lived and worked 16 never stmck to wound. a centre for the forgotten, an institution. His for half a century—stage, film and cabaret— After 1933, we kept up contact, first in enthusiasm for the people who had succeeded he was the uncontested authority. in appearing again on the screen or in obtain­ ing small or big parts on the stage in Brighton He leaves a void—not only in the right-hand or Basle or London, was catching. He remained column of this page, but in the minds and HOUSE OF HALLGARTEN what he had been; a Berlin Jew, hard working, hearts of all who knew him. careful. WEHNER ROSENSTOCK When the British evacuated him from Dun­ kirk and the order was given that all weapons Specialist should be thrown into the sea, he could not I r Lloyd's offer Shippers stand this waste. He put as many as possible into his blouse. I ^ Investment Plans PBM was loyal, integral, just, courageous, for the first time ever Fine Wi Unique Liqueurs truthful. He was passionately fond of people, they must be highly interesting. ines of talking to all and sundry or, as he put it in the obituary which he wrote of himself, he They are. "loved gossip and food, hated walking and Why not fill in coupon for full in­ // you enjoy wines the country". He wrote "Heimweh nach dem formation or phone us—283 7922. Kurfiirstendamm", 50,000 copies sold, and a No obligation, of course. write feu- our latest free list great book "Strangers Everywhere" pubUshed at the wrong moment, in autumn 1939. It is a MANSBROOK, RUDD & CO., which is full of fascinating collection of gripping profiles portraying our people in London, their misery and their LIMITED iriformation, maps, vintage reports glamour—one of the very few documents of Associated Insurance Brokers the Ufe of our community in London, but not and charts, descriptions, wines only in London. It was his moral stature which Mr C. F. Fletch, counted in the end, his suspicion of commer­ Marwbrook Rudd ft Co. Ltd., cialism, his contempt of success. "Gerechten 5 Houndsditch, London, E.C.S. for laying down Sinns", wrote Kerr of him. I am interested in details of the He ends his touching own obituary with new Lloyd's Investment Plans. the words: "He probably wanted to be loved Name (Mr., Mrs., Miss) by others but was sure to have many enemies". But this is not true. For forty years he was an HOUSE OF HALLGARTEN unpaid public relations officer, he rescued people from oblivion, he brought hundreds in Address touch with each other. No, no enemies. A great h Crutched Friars, London, E.C.3 loss. A good man has died. An epoch has closed. Choose Hallgarten —Choose Fine Wines Phone GABRIELE TERGIT Page 6 AJK INFORMATION JUNE, 1972

W. Rosenstock Welfare Board). M^ny members of the cousin- hood were also active in the Jewish settle­ ments and dubs in the East End. Yet one of them, the late Basil Henriques, founder and LEADING ANGLO-JEWISH FAMILIES warden of the Oxford and St. George's Settle­ ment, went a step further. He took up resi­ Anatomy of the " Cousinhood" dence in his Blast End settlement, where his wife and helpmate. Lady Henriques, stUl re­ Chaim Bermant's fascinating work on the Waley Cohen and his son Sir Bemard Waley- sides. This is unique, not only in Jewish social old-established Jewish families in England,* Cohen (Lord Mayor of London 1961/2), and Sir work of this country, hut probably also their beginnings, peak period and gradual Andrew Cohen (Govemor of Uganda 1952-57), abroad and has, in any case, no paraUel in disintegration makes us again aware of the to quote only a few examples. By the marriages pre-1933 Germany. stmctural changes which Anglo-Jewry under­ of Levi Barent Cohen's daughters into the From the end of the last century onw