Review on Importance of Cow Urine
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International Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences TM ISSN: 2321-3272 (Print), ISSN: 2230-7605 (Online) IJPBSTM | Volume 8 | Issue 4 | OCT-DEC | 2018 | 1197-1205 Review Article | Biological Sciences | Open Access | MCI Approved| |UGC Approved Journal | REVIEW ON IMPORTANCE OF COW URINE Gopinath L. R., Thangamani S. and Archaya S. Department of Biotechnology, Vivekanandha College of Arts and Sciences for Women (A), Namakkal, Tamilnadu, India. *Corresponding Author Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT Due to the fast growing world, number of diseases are emerging and threatening the life of peoples across the globe. Therefore, it became a necessity to search for an organic source that provides treatment to diseases is running into the minds of the people. Among the research pursued, cow urine is one such cheap and much cost efficient organic source that offers a natural therapy to combat diseases. Cows are the dynamic medical dispensary and cow urine is a magic potion of all diseases. One of the major components of cow urine is ‘Panchagawya’ that is competent of treating many curable as well as incurable diseases and has been used widely in traditional ayurvedic preparations since time immemorial. Several research has been experimented in Cow urine treatment and research centre, Indore over the past few years and it has been stated that gomutra is capable of curing blockage in arteries, blood pressure, diabetes, arthritis, heart attack, thyroid, cancer, psoriasis, asthma, prostrate, eczema, AIDS, migraine, piles, acidity, constipation, ulcer, ear, nose problems and gynecological problems and several other diseases. KEY WORDS Cow urine, anti-microbial. INTRODUCTION light, bitter and salty as a secondary taste and Cow, Bos Indicus is a most valuable domestic animal in promiotive for several evacuation processes. Vedic times and considered to be the Mother of all The forest dwelling cow urine secretes medicinally human population. Cow urine has been placed as an important herbal compounds. Cow urine is not actually important source of India tradition. It has been a noxious animal waste and contains 95% water, 2.5% described as the water of life or “Amrita”, the Nectar of belongs to urea content and the remaining 2.5% is a god. Indian cow urine is used by majority of the rural mixture of minerals, salts, hormones and enzymes. The population as folklore remedy in almost all the states. potency of Gomutra called Rasayana tattwa is ‘Ashtanga Sangraha’ is considered to be the most accountable for improving various bodily functions like effective substance or secretion of animal origin with immunity. Persons who drink gomutra regularly are said numerous therapeutic values (Gulhane harshad et al., to live a healthy life and the remaining are unaffected 2017). by the vagaries of old age, even at the age of 90. Mainly, eight types of animal urines are used as Gomutra is represented as “Sanjivani” (Beverages of medicine described in Sushruta Samhita, Charaka immortality) in Ayurveda. Besides that, it is used in Samhita and Vangbhat. The urine of cow (typically organic forming as a biopesticide along with cow dung, called Gomutra) poses a major part in therapeutics. cow’s milk and other herbal ingredients. Specific liquid wastes of domestic animals (eight types According to the ancient literatures, distillate of cow of urine from different animals) are hot, pungent, sharp, urine was the one considered to exhibit anti-oxidant activity. Few lethal poisons can be refined and purified International Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences Gopinath L. R.* et al 1197 www.ijpbs.com or www.ijpbsonline.com ISSN: 2230-7605 (Online); ISSN: 2321-3272 (Print) Int J Pharm Biol Sci. if drenched in cow urine for 2-3 days. For been referred in “Shivambukalpa Vidhi” which is a part example, Datura (Datura metal) seeds (with shell of 5000 years old document called Dammar Tantra peeled off) are considered purified after soaking linking this practice to Vedas in the sacred Hindu texts. in gomutra for 12 hours. Cow urine can be used for Cow urine increases the immunity strength by purification of guggul (Comniphera mukul), loha (iron) increasing resistance power against diseases in human and bhalataka (Semecarpus anacardium), detoxification body. The pH of the cow urine ranges between 7.4 to of aconite (Aconitum napellus) and also for purification 8.4 with seasonal variations. and detoxification of silver. The Chemical constituents of healthy cow urine Cow urine contains nitrogen, sulphur, phosphate, Ammonia nitrogen: 1-1.8 ml/kg/day sodium, manganese, iron, silicon, chlorine, magnesium, Allantoin: 20- 60 ml/kg/day maleic, citric, tartaric and calcium salts, vitamin A, B, C, Calcium: 0.1-1.6 ml/kg/day D, E, minerals, lactose, enzymes, creatinine, hormones Chloride: 0.2-1.2 mmol/kg/day and gold acids. The ingredients of cow urine are similar Creatinine: 15-25 mg/kg/day with the composition present in the human body. Magnesium: 3.9 mg/kg/day Hence, the consumption of cow urine is useful to Potassium: 0.09-0.16 mmol/kg/day maintain the balance of these substances and cures Sodium: 0.3-1.3 mmol/kg/day incurable diseases. Sulphate: 3-7 mg/kg/day According to the mythological belief about cow urine is Uric acid: 1-5 mg/kg/day referred as “Shivambu”, meaning water of Shiva. The Leucocyte: 15micro lit powerful practice of healing “Self-urine therapy” has Diseases Gomutra along with adjuvant Cow milk, urine, Tripala Anaemia Loh basma, cow urine, milk Fever Cow urine, pepper, curd, ghee Leprosy Dhruhardi, cow urine Chronic leprosy Urine, Kuraila bark, Vasica leaves, Kaner leaves, Neem bark Epilepsy Neem bark, somapada bark, mustard oil, cow urine The use of cow urine in India can be traced back to the due to the ingestion of various herbs and plants by cows Vedic and also probably notable in prevedic period. (Singla and Garg., 2013). Massive therapeutic speciality of cow urine has been Any deficiency or excess of those essential substances most widely referred and used owing to the venerated inside the body causes disorders. Cow urine consists all animal urine. While externally it has been used as lotion, of these elements with having an unbiased contiguous ointments but, internally it has been used in preparation composition. Therefore, consumption of cow urine of oral medications and drinks (Ipsita Mohanty et al., restores the balance of these elements and thus helps 2014). Agriculture and sericulture sectors also uses cow in curing from incurable diseases (Bhadauria., 2002). It urine other than its use against ailments of diseases as has also been observed that cow urine enhances the therapeutic agents. Therefore, a diversified use of this phagocytic activity of macrophages and thus helpful heretical potion was in vogue in ancient Indian system against bacterial infections. It also facilitates the of medicine from the ancient medical texts and current synthesis of interleukin-1 and interleukin-2 augments scientific findings (Saunders., 1982). Band T-lymphocyte blastogenesis, and IgA, IgM and IgG Biochemical analysis of cow urine antibody titers (Kumar., 2013). The estimation of biochemical of cow urine has shown Indigenous uses of Cow urine that it contains nitrogen, sulphur, sodium, minerals, Cow urine is allegedly found to have medicinal Vitamin A, B, C, D, E, manganese, iron, silicon, chlorine, attributes and used in formulation of drugs. Essentially, magnesium, citric, succinic, calcium salts, phosphate, cow urine is used as disinfectant after a minimum lactose, carbolic acid, enzymes, creatinine and process of purification. Thus, it strengthens the fact that hormones and the presence of these elements is mainly cow’s urine is not a toxic effluent as 95% of its content International Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences Gopinath L. R.* et al 1198 www.ijpbs.com or www.ijpbsonline.com ISSN: 2230-7605 (Online); ISSN: 2321-3272 (Print) Int J Pharm Biol Sci. being water, 2.5% urea and the remaining 2.5% botanicals were tried for its efficacy against mustard constitutes a mixture of minerals, salts, hormones and aphid by keeping in view the findings (Singh khanuja., enzymes (Pathak., 2003). In the rural villages in India, 2000; Hasan et al., 2008; Burubhai, Eribo., 2012) as it cow’s urine is being used since a very long time as claims the effectiveness of cow oriented products to effective sacred water for prayers in Hindu mythology insect pests in the agricultural farming. etc... The uses of cow urine in treating diseases - Anti-microbial and Anti helminthic activity of cow Some of the other diseases that are proven to be cured urine distillate by cow urine are Cough, Dysmenorrhoea, Migraine or Researchers from CIMAP, Lucknow found that ‘cow headache, Constipation, Thyroid and Skin diseases like urine distillate fraction’ enhances the activity of eczema, ringworm, and itching, Acne, Cancer, Heart antibiotics such as rifampicin by about 5-7 folds against Diseases, Musculoskeletal Disorders, Male Sexual E. coli and 3-11 folds against Gram-positive bacteria. Disorders, AIDS, Diabetes Mellitus, Blood Disorders, Rifampicin is a frontline anti-tubercular drug used Respiratory Disorders, Gastrointestinal Disorders, against tuberculosis that acts as great Endocrine Disorders, Psychiatric Disorders, Urological immunomodulator. Cow urine has been proved to Disorders, Asthma, Kidney Shrinkage, Hepatic Disorders possess antifungal activity in terms of reduction in and cancer (Singh Khanuja., 2000). vegetative growth of test fungi. The effect of cow urine