Green Infrastructure
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Green Roof for Stormwater Management in a Highly Urbanized Area: the Case of Seoul, Korea
sustainability Article Green Roof for Stormwater Management in a Highly Urbanized Area: The Case of Seoul, Korea Muhammad Shafique 1,2, Reeho Kim 1,2,* and Kwon Kyung-Ho 3 1 Department of Smart City and Construction Engineering, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, University of Science & Technology (UST), 217, Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Korea; shafi[email protected] 2 Environmental & Plant Engineering Research Institute, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, 83, Goyangdae-ro, Ilsanseo-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10223, Korea 3 Urban Water Cycle Research Center, Korea Institute of Safe Drinking Water Research, Anyang si, Gyeonggi-do 14059, Korea; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +82-31-9100-291 Received: 26 December 2017; Accepted: 21 February 2018; Published: 26 February 2018 Abstract: Urbanization changes natural pervious surfaces to hard, impervious surfaces such as roads, buildings and roofs. These modifications significantly affect the natural hydrologic cycle by increasing stormwater runoff rates and volume. Under these circumstances, green roofs offer multiple benefits including on-site stormwater management that mimics the natural hydrologic conditions in an urban area. It can retain a large amount of rainwater for a longer time and delay the peak discharge. However, there is very limited research that has been carried out on the retrofitted green roof for stormwater management for South Korean conditions. This study has investigated the performance of retrofitted green roofs for stormwater management in a highly urbanized area of Seoul, the capital city of Korea. In this study, various storm events were monitored and the research results were analyzed to check the performance of the green roof with controlling the runoff in urban areas. -
Green Roof Irrigation Solutions on the Market
GREEN ROOF IRRIGATION Comprehensive Solutions for Rooftop Environments RESIDENTIAL & COMMERCIAL IRRIGATION | Built on Innovation® hunterindustries.com THE BETTER THE IRRIGATION, the Greener the Roof Green roofs have become key components of sustainability in urban environments. They help keep buildings cool, provide habitat for increased biodiversity, and improve local air quality. As the world’s leading manufacturer of irrigation products, we are committed to developing highly efficient solutions for all landscapes, including green roofs. With best-in-class subsurface and overhead irrigation options using top-level control systems, we offer the most versatile and robust green roof irrigation solutions on the market. Built on Innovation® When designing a green roof irrigation system, you can choose a subsurface, overhead, or combined approach. We provide an array of solutions for each method. SUBSURFACE OVERHEAD An absolute revolution in subsurface irrigation, When paired with Pro-Spray® pop-ups and shrub Eco-Mat® provides green roof designers with the adapters, high-efficiency MP Rotator® nozzles most efficient irrigation solution ever developed. provide an effective solution for green roof irrigation. Eco-Mat incorporates fleece-wrapped dripline with an Thanks to their slow and steady application rate, integrated synthetic fleece mat. Installed just beneath MP Rotator nozzles provide unmatched distribution the optimal root depth of the selected plant material, uniformity for overhead irrigation. Green roof soils Eco-Mat uses specialized technology to efficiently tend to be loose, so a slow precipitation rate from the irrigate from the bottom up with the following benefits: nozzle prevents fast drainage through the soil. The multi-trajectory, multi-stream application method • Effectively holds water for future use by plants of the MP Rotator cuts through wind while gently • Eliminates water loss due to wind and evaporation hydrating the landscape at an even rate that soils • Spreads water efficiently and evenly throughout the can better absorb. -
Healthy Benefits of Green Infrastructure in Communities
Healthy Benefits of Green Infrastructure in Communities What is Green Infrastructure? to the natural environment, reduces discharges associated with exposure to harmful substances pollutant loading, flooding, When rain falls on our roofs, and conditions, provides combined sewer overflow (CSO) streets, and parking lots, the water opportunity for recreation and events, and erosion. cannot soak into the ground as it physical activity, improves safety, should. If not managed well, it can Reducing these stormwater-related promotes community identity and a lead to flooding, sewer overflows, impacts also reduces a person’s sense of well-being, and provides and water pollution. Unlike exposure to water pollution and economic benefits at both the conventional gray infrastructure, flooding-related health hazards and community and household level. which uses pipes, storm drains, their associated health outcomes, and treatment facilities to manage These benefits are all known to such as waterborne illness, stormwater, green infrastructure directly or indirectly benefit public respiratory disease and asthma uses vegetation, soils, and other health. The degree to which the associated with mold and bacteria, natural landscape features to environmental, social, economic, vector-borne disease, stress, manage wet weather impacts, and public health benefits of green injury, and death. Trees, bushes, reduce and treat stormwater at its infrastructure are realized is and greenery have the ability to source, and create sustainable and dependent on a number of factors, absorb air pollutants and trap healthy communities. including the design, installation, airborne particulates on their and maintenance of the green leaves, reduce surface and air Green infrastructure can include infrastructure features. temperatures through shading and features such as rain gardens, evapotranspiration, and provide a bioswales, planter boxes and physical barrier to traffic and street planting strips, urban tree The City of Philadelphia Triple [5] noise pollution. -
Green Architecture and Water Reuse: Examples from Different Countries
Green architecture and water reuse: examples from different countries This paper shows different examples from different countries (Italy, India, Tanzania) of green architectural solutions (green wall, green roof, roof wetland) in which water (rain and treated greywater) are reused as a resource, in order to reduce the use of drinking water for activities not needing a high quality of water. Authors: Fabio Masi, Anacleto Rizzo, Riccardo Bresciani Abstract Water is a valuable resource which should be better managed to develop a sustainable future. Green architecture is starting to be largely applied, principally for aesthetic improvement of urban centres. However, green architectural solutions provide different additional benefits, among which the reuse of rain and treated grey water. Hence, green architecture can be also viewed as an option to limit the waste of drinking water for applications where the required quality can be lower. In this paper we report the application of three different green architectural solutions in which rain and treated grey water are reused (roof wetland, green roof, and green wall) in three different countries (Tanzania, Italy, and India). Technical data: Roof constructed wetland (Tanzania): • Greywater reused for irrigation • Greywater consumption of max 4 m3 per day • Sewer network for greywater and blackwater segregation • Two-chamber tank (2 m3) as pre-treatment • Pumping station (1.1 kW power, 30 l/min) to feed CW on the roof • Horizontal flow constructed wetland (23 m2, HRT 0.8 d) for greywater treatment -
Green Infrastructure Designs
GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE DESIGNS SCALABLE SOLUTIONS TO LOCAL CHALLENGES UPDATE SEPTEMBER 2017 ABOUT DELTA INSTITUTE Founded in 1998, Delta Institute is a Chicago-based nonprofit organization working to build a more resilient environment and economy through sustainable solutions. Visit online at www.delta-institute.org. This publication was originally released in July 2015 with support from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration through the Illinois Department of Natural Resources (IDNR, CFDA Number 11.419). The September 2017 update adds two new green infrastructure designs to the toolkit. Delta thanks Tim King PE, LEED AP BD+C and Luke Leising, AIA, PE, LEED AP O+M of Guidon Design for their work designing the initial five templates. Guidon Design, Inc. is a multi-disciplinary architecture and engineering firm. Delta also acknowledges the work of graduate students Loren Ayala and Liliana Hernandez-Gonzalez, civil and environmental engineering students at Northwestern University and Kimberly Grey, Chair of Chair of Civil & Environmental Engineering at Northwestern in developing the box tree filter and green roof designs. Additionally, Delta acknowledges Claire Costello, an undergraduate student at University of Chicago for her assistance reviewing, editing and preparing additional components for publication. Additionally, we are grateful to the following Calumet region communities for their contributions and review of the toolkit: Jodi Prout, City of Blue Island Jason Berry, City of Blue Island Dawn Haley, Village of Riverdale Mary Ryan, Village of Calumet Park Bryan Swanson, City of Calumet City Stan Urban, Village of Dolton Hildy Kingma, Village of Park Forest Ernestine Beck-Fulgham, Village of Robbins Finally, Delta Institute thanks Josh Ellis of the Metropolitan Planning Council, and the Calumet Stormwater Collaborative for their support of the project. -
Conceptual Green Infrastructure Design for the Blake Street Transit
2012 GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAM Urban Land Conservancy Denver, Colorado Conceptual Green Infrastructure Design for the Blake Street Transit-Oriented Development Site, City of Denver AUGUST 2013 Photo: Denver Housing Authority, Park Avenue Development EPA 830-R-13-002 About the Green Infrastructure Technical Assistance Program Stormwater runoff is a major cause of water pollution in urban areas. When rain falls in undeveloped areas, the water is absorbed and filtered by soil and plants. When rain falls on our roofs, streets, and parking lots, however, the water cannot soak into the ground. In most urban areas, stormwater is drained through engineered collection systems and discharged into nearby waterbodies. The stormwater carries trash, bacteria, heavy metals, and other pollutants from the urban landscape, polluting the receiving waters. Higher flows also can cause erosion and flooding in urban streams, damaging habitat, property, and infrastructure. Green infrastructure uses vegetation, soils, and natural processes to manage water and create healthier urban environments. At the scale of a city or county, green infrastructure refers to the patchwork of natural areas that provides habitat, flood protection, cleaner air, and cleaner water. At the scale of a neighborhood or site, green infrastructure refers to stormwater management systems that mimic nature by soaking up and storing water. These neighborhood or site-scale green infrastructure approaches are often referred to as low impact development. EPA encourages the use of green infrastructure to help manage stormwater runoff. In April 2011, EPA renewed its commitment to green infrastructure with the release of the Strategic Agenda to Protect Waters and Build More Livable Communities through Green Infrastructure. -
Draft District of Columbia Stormwater Management Guidebook Page 10 Chapter 2
STORMWATER MANAGEMENT GUIDEBOOK Prepared for: District Department of the Environment Watershed Protection Division District of Columbia Prepared by: Center for Watershed Protection 8390 Main Street Ellicott City, MD 21043 August 2012 i ii #!&,'!* ',$-0+2'-, 0#%0"',% $3230# 3."2#1 2- 2&# '120'!2 -$ -*3+ ' 2-0+52#0 ,%#+#,2 3'"# --) 5'** # 4'* *# 2 Q &22.S ""-#T"!T%-4 .3 *'!2'-, 12-0+52#0V%3'"# --) #-2'!#1 0#%0"',% $3230# 4#01'-,1 -$ 2&# +,3* 5'** # .-12#" 2 2&'1 5# 1'2#T $3230# 4#01'-,1 0# #6.#!2#" 2- -!!30Q 2 +-12Q -,!# 7#0T Acknowledgements A major undertaking such as this requires the dedication and cooperative efforts of many individuals. Dr. Hamid Karimi, Director of Natural Resources, Sheila Besse, Associate Director of Watershed Protection, Jeff Seltzer, Associate Director of Stormwater Management, and Timothy Karikari, Branch Chief of Technical Services each deserve credit for their overall leadership and support for this project. Their willingness to allow staff to pursue ideas to their fullest and provide necessary time, resources and managerial support, laid the foundation for much innovation. Project Manger Rebecca C. Stack, DDOE-technical services Lead Authors Greg Hoffmann, P.E., Center for Watershed Protection Rebecca C. Stack, DDOE-technical services Brian Van Wye, DDOE-stormwater Contributors and Peer Reviewers Joseph Battiata, P.E., Center for Watershed Protection Gerald Brock, Ph.D., George Washington University Josh Burch, DDOE-planning & restoration Collin R. Burrell, DDOE-water quality Walter Caldwell, DDOE-inspection enforcement Jonathan Champion, DDOE-stormwater Reid Christianson P.E., Ph.D., Center for Watershed Protection Laine Cidlowski, Office of Planning Richard DeGrandchamp, Ph.D., University of Colorado/Scientia Veritas Elias Demessie, DDOE-technical services Diane Douglas, DDOE-water quality Alex Foraste, Williamsburg Environmental Group, Inc. -
Green Roofs the Basics
Green Roofs The Basics Green roofs, or living roofs, are vegetated rooftop systems that reduce stormwater runoff by 50-60% and can triple the life expectancy of a roof. They can be installed on just about any rooftop, but require that the structure be able to withstand extra weight. Green roofs are categorized into two types, extensive and intensive. Extensive systems are thinner, with a layer of growing media that is 6” or less. Intensive roofs have a thicker growing media layer and may include trees or rooftop meadows. Due to the weight associated with intensive rooftops, they are typically only installed in new construction projects. Blue Water Baltimore wants to help you make a difference. This document provides a brief overview of green roofs and helps you complete the Project Approval Form for the Water Audit Program. Additional resources are available at www.bluewaterbaltimore.org/water-audit- resource/. Why Should I Install a Green Roof? What Does it Cost? Cost per square foot typically Extend the life of your roof ranges from $15-30 per square Improve the view from overlooking windows foot at the residential scale. If Minimize stormwater runoff the roof needs to be reinforced, the cost will be higher. Green roofs are not for everyone. A rain garden or conservation landscaping may not sound as exciting, but these are much more affordable ways to reduce stormwater runoff. When you register for the Water Audit Program, a Blue Water Baltimore staff member will conduct a site visit to assess your property. We will help you determine if a green roof is a good option for you. -
A Practical Guide to Implementing Integrated Water Resources Management and the Role for Green Infrastructure”, J
A Practical Guide to Implementing Integrated Water Resources Management & the Role of Green Infrastructure Prepared for: Prepared for: Funded by: Prepared by: May 2016 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Environmental Consulting & Technology, Inc. (ECT), wishes to extend our sincere appreciation to the individuals whose work and contributions made this project possible. First of all, thanks are due to the Great Lakes Protection Fund for funding this project. At Great Lakes Commission, thanks are due to John Jackson for project oversight and valuable guidance, and to Victoria Pebbles for administrative guidance. At ECT, thanks are due to Sanjiv Sinha, Ph.D., for numerous suggestions that helped improve this report. Many other experts also contributed their time, efforts, and talent toward the preparation of this report. The project team acknowledges the contributions of each of the following, and thanks them for their efforts: Bill Christiansen, Alliance for Water Efficiency James Etienne, Grand River Conservation Christine Zimmer, Credit Valley Conservation Authority Authority Cassie Corrigan, Credit Valley Conservation Melissa Soline, Great Lakes & St. Lawrence Authority Cities Initiative Wayne Galliher, City of Guelph Clifford Maynes, Green Communities Canada Steve Gombos, Region of Waterloo Connie Sims – Office of Oakland County Water Julia Parzens, Urban Sustainability Directors Resources Commissioner Network Dendra Best, Wastewater Education For purposes of citation of this report, please use the following: “A Practical Guide to Implementing -
Ecoroof Stormwater Monitoring
STORMWATER MONITORING TWO ECOROOFS IN PORTLAND, OREGON, USA Doug Hutchinson, Peter Abrams, Ryan Retzlaff, Tom Liptan City of Portland, Bureau of Environmental Services Abstract Ecoroofs, long used in Europe to reduce stormwater runoff from rooftops, are beginning to be installed in North America. When the City of Portland, Bureau of Environmental Services (BES) began considering ecoroofs for stormwater management, no applicable performance data could be located. To generate region-specific data, BES initiated a monitoring project of an apartment building vegetated with two different ecoroofs. After over two years of water quality monitoring and over a year of flow monitoring, some impressive performance has been measured. Precipitation retention has been calculated at 69% for the 4-5 inch ecoroof substrate section and nearly all of the rainfall is absorbed during dry period storm events. Stormwater detention and peak intensity attenuation has also been impressive even when the roof was saturated during winter months. Some water quality benefits have proven more difficult to quantify but important water quality lessons have been learned. In situations where a receiving water system may be sensitive to certain pollutants, substrate composition will be an important consideration in the ecoroof design. Our work to date has proven that ecoroofs can be an effective urban stormwater management tool. The next major endeavor will be to apply this information to system modeling efforts to determine hydrologic and hydraulic infrastructure and stream benefits that may be achieved. This information is also expected to assist bureau managers, planners, engineers and elected officials with policy decisions, such as zoning density bonuses, infrastructure designs, drainage fee discounts, and code compliance. -
Green Infrastructure ______
Green Infrastructure ____________________________________________________________________________________________ Managing Stormwater in NYC A Teacher’s Guide and Classroom Resource Contents . About DEP . Stormwater . Our Combined Sewer System . Combined Sewer Overflows . Our Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System . Separate Storm Sewer Discharges . Water Quality . Green Infrastructure . Green Infrastructure Technologies . Playground with Green Infrastructure: Before & After . Benefits of Green Infrastructure About DEP The NYC Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) DEP protects public health and the environment by supplying clean drinking water, collecting and treating wastewater, and reducing air, noise, and hazardous materials pollution. Quick facts about DEP: . Distributes more than 1 billion gallons of clean drinking water each day . Collects wastewater through a vast underground network of pipes, regulators, and pumping stations . Treats the 1.3 billion gallons of wastewater that New Yorkers produce each day View of the digester eggs at the Newtown Creek Wastewater Treatment Plant For more information, visit www.nyc.gov/dep. Stormwater Stormwater is any water that originates from a precipitation event. Stormwater runoff results from rain, snow, sleet, and other precipitation that lands on rooftops, parking lots, streets, sidewalks, and other impervious surfaces which run into our sewer system or local water bodies. Our Combined Sewer System A closer look at our combined sewer system: Combined Sewer Overflows (CSOs) During heavy -
It Is Not Easy Being Green: Recognizing Unintended Consequences of Green Stormwater Infrastructure
water Review It Is Not Easy Being Green: Recognizing Unintended Consequences of Green Stormwater Infrastructure Vinicius J. Taguchi 1,2,* , Peter T. Weiss 3, John S. Gulliver 1,2, Mira R. Klein 4, Raymond M. Hozalski 1, Lawrence A. Baker 5, Jacques C. Finlay 6, Bonnie L. Keeler 4 and John L. Nieber 5 1 Department of Civil, Environmental, and Geo-Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; [email protected] (J.S.G.); [email protected] (R.M.H.) 2 St. Anthony Falls Laboratory, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA 3 Department of Civil Engineering, Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, IN 46383, USA; [email protected] 4 Humphrey School of Public Affairs, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; [email protected] (M.R.K.); [email protected] (B.L.K.) 5 Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA; [email protected] (L.A.B.); [email protected] (J.L.N.) 6 Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA; jfi[email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 31 December 2019; Accepted: 8 February 2020; Published: 13 February 2020 Abstract: Green infrastructure designed to address urban drainage and water quality issues is often deployed without full knowledge of potential unintended social, ecological, and human health consequences. Though understood in their respective fields of study, these diverse impacts are seldom discussed together in a format understood by a broader audience. This paper takes a first step in addressing that gap by exploring tradeoffs associated with green infrastructure practices that manage urban stormwater including urban trees, stormwater ponds, filtration, infiltration, rain gardens, and green roofs.