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Brain Disorder and Rock Art
Brain Disorder and Rock Art Brain Disorder and Rock Art Robert G. Bednarik Prompted by numerous endeavours to link a variety of brain illnesses/conditions with the introduction of palaeoart, especially rock art, the author reviews these proposals in the light of the causes of these psychiatric conditions. Several of these proposals are linked to the assumption that palaeoart was introduced through shamanism. It is demonstrated that there is no simplistic link between shamanism and brain disorders, although it is possible that some of the relevant susceptibility alleles might be involved in some shamanic experiences. Similarly, no connection between rock art and shamanism has been credibly demonstrated. Moreover, the time frame applied in all these hypotheses is fallacious for several reasons. These notions are all based on the belief that palaeoart was introduced by ‘anatomically modern humans’ and on the replacement hypothesis. Finally, the assumption that neuropathologies and shamanism preceded the advent of palaeoart is also suspect. These numerous speculations derive from neglect of the relevant empirical factors, be they archaeological or neurological. This article owes a great deal to a recent paper by review the epistemological issues that lead to the for- Bullen (2011), critiquing the attribution of rock art mulation of such opinions by rock-art commentators. to bipolar disorder, and the subsequent elaboration Having elsewhere dealt in some detail with the by Helvenston (2012a) and Bullen’s (2012) response first of Whitley’s crucial propositions, that shamans (see below for details). This author is in agreement introduced palaeoart, the author will examine the with most of the points made in that discussion, so topic of the origins of what is simplistically termed this is not to present counterpoints or to canvas any ‘artistic production’ — ‘palaeoart’ would be a better substantive disagreements, but to follow Helvenston’s word for the phenomenon in question because it is example and expand the scope of the discussion. -
Fil-B /Advisory Committee Co
Reading Comprehension Strategies In Children With High- Functioning Autism: A Social Constructivist Perspective Item Type Thesis Authors Cotter, June Ann Download date 26/09/2021 17:04:41 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/11122/9075 READING COMPREHENSION STRATEGIES IN CHILDREN WITH HIGH FUNCTIONING AUTISM: A SOCIAL CONSTRUCTIVIST PERSPECTIVE By June Ann Cotter RECOMMENDED: £> P \ - I V v^jQ JL-V% lh -i> Advisory Committee Chair a . fil-b /Advisory Committee Co Chair, Department of Communication APPROVED: Dean, College of Liberal Arts / r Dean of the Graduate School Date READING COMPREHENSION STRATEGIES IN CHILDREN WITH HIGH- FUNCTIONING AUTISM: A SOCIAL CONSTRUCTIVIST PERSPECTIVE A DISSERTATION Presented to the Faculty of the University of Alaska Fairbanks in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY By June Ann Cotter, MSEd. Fairbanks, Alaska May 2011 © 2011 June Ann Cotter UMI Number: 3463936 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. UMT Dissertation Publishing UMI 3463936 Copyright 2011 by ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This edition of the work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. uestA ® ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 Abstract Individuals with autism see the world, by definition of the diagnosis, in a very different way than the typical student. -
John Hersey's Awareness of One's Environment "Characters," Carol and Willie
New 'York Times Book Re'view 4/3/94 Forward From Nowhere An autistic woman resumes her tale of trying to rna,ke sense oflife. Iiams, too, participated in con terns of behavior are not inher feelings as humans do - and nected to one another ._..- a desire iOMEBODY versations by replaying scripts ent but are learned by watching that humans have feelings in a Ms. Williams did not have Just SOMEWHERE she had heard. But, as she ex others. way that objects don't. She the opposite, she writes. "I was plains, non-autistic people use When "Somebody Somewhere" stands paralyzed before a tiny allergic to words like 'we,' 'us' or 9reaking Free From the World these bits to reflect real feelings, opens, Ms. Williams is 25 years closet because she cannot bear 'together· - words depicting )fAutlsm. genuine emotions ..... at least 'in old and liVing in London. She has what she uwould have to inflict closeness" because "closeness By Donna Williams. principle. To the autistic who is given up her characters but not upon" her clothes by squeezing made earthquakes go off inside ~38 pp. New York: unaware of real feelings (for yet learned how to function in the them in. She apologizes to them of me and compelled me to run," rimes Books/ whom, in fact, emotions feel like world without them: HWillie was as she hangs them up. Realizing pnly at the end, in a special Random House. $23. death), the memorized bits are n't there to help me understand, that objects are not aware of her friendship (which she calls a all there is. -
The Paradox of Giftedness and Autism Packet of Information for Professionals (PIP) – Revised (2008)
The Connie Belin & Jacqueline N. Blank International Center for Gifted Education and Talent Development The University of Iowa College of Education The Paradox of Giftedness and Autism Packet of Information for Professionals (PIP) – Revised (2008) Susan G. Assouline Megan Foley Nicpon Nicholas Colangelo Matthew O’Brien The Paradox of Giftedness and Autism The University of Iowa Belin-Blank Center The Paradox of Giftedness and Autism Packet of Information for Professionals (PIP) – Revised (2008) This Packet of Information (PIP) was originally developed in 2007 for the Student Program Faculty and Professional Staff of the Belin-Blank Center for Gifted Education and Talent Development (B-BC). It has been revised and expanded to incorporate multiple forms of special gifted programs including academic year Saturday programs, which can be both enrichment or accelerative; non-residential summer programs; and residential summer programs. Susan G. Assouline, Megan Foley Nicpon, Nicholas Colangelo, Matthew O’Brien We acknowledge the Messengers of Healing Winds Foundation for its support in the creation of this information packet. We acknowledge the students and families who participated in the Belin-Blank Center’s Assessment and Counseling Clinic. Their patience with the B-BC staff and their dedication to the project was critical to the development of the recommendations that comprise this Packet of Information for Professionals. © 2008, The University of Iowa Belin-Blank Center. All rights reserved. This publication, or parts thereof, may not be reproduced in any form without written permission of the authors. The Paradox of Giftedness and Autism Purpose Structure of PIP This Packet of Information for Professionals (PIP) Section I of PIP introduces general information related to both giftedness was developed for professionals who work with and autism spectrum disorders. -
Disability in an Age of Environmental Risk by Sarah Gibbons a Thesis
Disablement, Diversity, Deviation: Disability in an Age of Environmental Risk by Sarah Gibbons A thesis presented to the University of Waterloo in fulfillment of the thesis requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in English Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, 2016 © Sarah Gibbons 2016 I hereby declare that I am the sole author of this thesis. This is a true copy of the thesis, including any required final revisions, as accepted by my examiners. I understand that my thesis may be made electronically available to the public. ii Abstract This dissertation brings disability studies and postcolonial studies into dialogue with discourse surrounding risk in the environmental humanities. The central question that it investigates is how critics can reframe and reinterpret existing threat registers to accept and celebrate disability and embodied difference without passively accepting the social policies that produce disabling conditions. It examines the literary and rhetorical strategies of contemporary cultural works that one, promote a disability politics that aims for greater recognition of how our environmental surroundings affect human health and ability, but also two, put forward a disability politics that objects to devaluing disabled bodies by stigmatizing them as unnatural. Some of the major works under discussion in this dissertation include Marie Clements’s Burning Vision (2003), Indra Sinha’s Animal’s People (2007), Gerardine Wurzburg’s Wretches & Jabberers (2010) and Corinne Duyvis’s On the Edge of Gone (2016). The first section of this dissertation focuses on disability, illness, industry, and environmental health to consider how critics can discuss disability and environmental health in conjunction without returning to a medical model in which the term ‘disability’ often designates how closely bodies visibly conform or deviate from definitions of the normal body. -
Constructing Narratives and Identities in Auto/Biography About Autism
RELATIONAL REPRESENTATION: CONSTRUCTING NARRATIVES AND IDENTITIES IN AUTO/BIOGRAPHY ABOUT AUTISM by MONICA L. ORLANDO Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of English CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY May 2015 2 CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES We hereby approve the dissertation of Monica Orlando candidate for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.* Committee Chair Kimberly Emmons Committee Member Michael Clune Committee Member William Siebenschuh Committee Member Jonathan Sadowsky Committee Member Joseph Valente Date of Defense March 3, 2015 * We also certify that written approval has been obtained for any proprietary material contained therein. 3 Dedications and Thanks To my husband Joe, for his patience and support throughout this graduate school journey. To my family, especially my father, who is not here to see me finish, but has always been so proud of me. To Kim Emmons, my dissertation advisor and mentor, who has been a true joy to work with over the past several years. I am very fortunate to have been guided through this project by such a supportive and encouraging person. To the graduate students and faculty of the English department, who have made my experience at Case both educational and enjoyable. I am grateful for having shared the past five years with all of them. 4 Table of Contents Abstract ............................................................................................................................... 5 Chapter 1: Introduction Relationality and the Construction of Identity in Autism Life Writing ........................ 6 Chapter 2 Clara Claiborne Park’s The Siege and Exiting Nirvana: Shifting Conceptions of Autism and Authority ................................................................................................. 53 Chapter 3 Transformative Narratives: Double Voicing and Personhood in Collaborative Life Writing about Autism .............................................................................................. -
The Joy of Autism: Part 2
However, even autistic individuals who are profoundly disabled eventually gain the ability to communicate effectively, and to learn, and to reason about their behaviour and about effective ways to exercise control over their environment, their unique individual aspects of autism that go beyond the physiology of autism and the source of the profound intrinsic disabilities will come to light. These aspects of autism involve how they think, how they feel, how they express their sensory preferences and aesthetic sensibilities, and how they experience the world around them. Those aspects of individuality must be accorded the same degree of respect and the same validity of meaning as they would be in a non autistic individual rather than be written off, as they all too often are, as the meaningless products of a monolithically bad affliction." Based on these extremes -- the disabling factors and atypical individuality, Phil says, they are more so disabling because society devalues the atypical aspects and fails to accommodate the disabling ones. That my friends, is what we are working towards -- a place where the group we seek to "help," we listen to. We do not get offended when we are corrected by the group. We are the parents. We have a duty to listen because one day, our children may be the same people correcting others tomorrow. In closing, about assumptions, I post the article written by Ann MacDonald a few days ago in the Seattle Post Intelligencer: By ANNE MCDONALD GUEST COLUMNIST Three years ago, a 6-year-old Seattle girl called Ashley, who had severe disabilities, was, at her parents' request, given a medical treatment called "growth attenuation" to prevent her growing. -
Educational Inclusion for Children with Autism in Palestine. What Opportunities Can Be Found to Develop Inclusive Educational Pr
EDUCATIONAL INCLUSION FOR CHILDREN WITH AUTISM IN PALESTINE. What opportunities can be found to develop inclusive educational practice and provision for children with autism in Palestine; with special reference to the developing practice in two educational settings? by ELAINE ASHBEE A thesis submitted to the University of Birmingham for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY School of Education University of Birmingham November 2015 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. Amendments to names used in thesis The Amira Basma Centre is now known as Jerusalem Princess Basma Centre Friends Girls School is now known as Ramallah Friends Lower School ABSTRACT This study investigates inclusive educational understandings, provision and practice for children with autism in Palestine, using a qualitative, case study approach and a dimension of action research together with participants from two educational settings. In addition, data about the wider context was obtained through interviews, visits, observations and focus group discussions. Despite the extraordinarily difficult context, education was found to be highly valued and Palestinian educators, parents and decision–makers had achieved impressive progress. The research found that autism is an emerging field of interest with a widespread desire for better understanding. -
Student Research Report Mother Blaming; Or Autism, Gender and Science
66 Student research report Mother blaming; or autism, gender and science HILARY STACE Introduction My PhD ‘Moving beyond love and luck; building right relationships and respecting lived expe- rience in New Zealand autism policy’ suggests that good outcomes for autism are dependent on having family to advocate and luck that they will be able to find services and supportive peo- ple. But, we could improve autism policy if we worked with the experts, people with autism. My interest in this topic arose from having an autistic son who now has a job and a full social life, but he’s still autistic. When researching autism the meme of the ‘refrigerator mother’ and other mother blaming assumptions are difficult to avoid. Why is this? Autism: contested meanings Autism was named in 1943 (Kanner, 1943, p. 53). The latest descriptions in the pyschiatrists’ bible the DSM IV TR (American Psychiatric Association, 2000) consider it to be a triad of im- pairments: in communication (none or inappropriate use of language), in understanding others (mind-blindness or lack of empathy) and imagination (replaced by obsessive special interests). It is now considered a wide spectrum from the non-verbal, intellectually impaired, cut-off per- son to the highly articulate and intelligent people such as Einstein (Attwood, 2009). People with autism describe the condition differently. They often use the term neurotypical for non-autistic people and neurodiverse to encompass alternatives such as autism. They usual- ly describe problems with understanding and predicting neurotypical peoples’ actions and be- haviour, particularly their non-verbal cues, and often report sensory sensitivities to such things as sound, touch or taste. -
Rethinking Our Approach to Fostering Language and Social Development, Matt Braun
2/24/2017 Rethinking our Approach in Introduction Schools and the Community: Taking a Strengths Based • Who am I? Approach to Fostering Language and Social Development • Who are you? • What are we doing here today? Matt Braun, PhD, L/CCC-SLP Speech Language Pathologist Owner- Speech & Language Solutions, LLC Getting Started Our Goal To reiterate some of the common themes we’ve heard through the Evaluate the evidence. conference: Evaluate our practice. From the folks at Notre Dame (ACE)- Welcome, Serve, Celebrate Create a culture of Inclusivity in our schools and communities (define How can we make changes? communities) What’s our plan to make those changes? This is a Journey….It takes time….but what are we doing to promote inclusivity in my school and community See Handout Overview Traditional approaches • Review Traditional Models of Practice Medical model and Subsequently, More Traditional Models of Practice • Introduce Strengths Bases Practices • Focusses on what is wrong, broken, or needs “fixing” • Review theory and evidence for Strengths Based Practices • In general physical health, something (a system, organ, bone, muscle, etc.) is • How to apply strengths based practices in the classroom broken, hurt, weakened, etc. • Questions/Comments/Discussion • Moving in to more social sciences we’ve tried and tried to apply this same model • Speaking in this way suggests that the problem lies within the person and implies that something is wrong or broken inferring there is something to fix (Saleebey, 2009) 1 2/24/2017 Traditional vs. Strengths Based The Evolution of Family Centered Approaches to Care Care and Strengths Based Practices • Traditional deficit based approaches aim to fix what is broken or support a disability. -
Tori Gartmond Professor John Abrams the Autism Epidemic
Tori Gartmond Professor John Abrams The Autism Epidemic Abstract Reported cases of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have skyrocketed over the last decade, leaving those afflicted and their families curious as to why. Health care professionals have deemed the rise in ASD an epidemic calling much attention to the autistic community. But is it appropriate to equate autism with some of history’s worst and most deadly pathogens? Autism is a disorder, not a disease that can be spread rapidly through person-person interaction. This rise in prevalence can be explained due to broadened diagnostic criteria, increased awareness, and better diagnostic techniques. In addition, those apart of the autistic community are now being stigmatized by those ill-informed about ASD. Therefore, the term epidemic is very misleading and should not be used to explain the rising number of autism spectrum disorder cases. Many parents raise their children and discover it unusual for their child to be distant and unresponsive to facial expressions or exciting moments; to not be able to express proper emotions to certain situations. As most parents do, they take their child to the doctor for an examination to receive an explanation behind their child’s abnormal behavior. The last thing they were expecting to hear was their child being diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder. According to the Center of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in Atlanta, on average, approximately 1 in 88 live births were diagnosed with autism as of 2008 (Baio para 4). As shown in figure one, the rate of autism has increased at an astonishing rate since the 1970s. -
Autism Booklet
Autism 2011_Layout 1 08/09/2011 17:40 Page 1 The Autism Act 2009: developing specialist skills in autism practice RCN PUBLISHING ESSENTIAL GUIDE RCN PUBLISHING This guide has been supported by Autism 2011_Layout 1 08/09/2011 17:40 Page 2 ESSENTIAL GUIDE This guide has been written by Jill Aylott, Centre for Professional and Organisation Development, Faculty of Wellbeing, Sheffield Hallam University Contents 3 Introduction 5 A note about terminology 5 Defining autism to guide best practice Environments and sensory issues Autism as a sensory perceptual impairment Barriers in the environment Use of reasonable adjustments to enable access to the environment Communication, information and processing Understanding behaviour Use of reasonable adjustments to change personal behaviour Attitudinal barriers 16 Diagnosis and services Transition 18 References 19 Summary RCN Publishing Company Ltd To subscribe call 0345 772 6100 The Heights, 59-65 Lowlands Road www.learningdisabilitypractice.co.uk Harrow, Middlesex HA1 3AW www.mentalhealthpractice.co.uk For further information contact: ISBN: 1873853858 [email protected] Cover photograph: Science Photo Library © Copyright RCN Publishing Company Ltd 2011. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior permission of the publisher. 2 october :: 2011 Autism 2011_Layout 1 08/09/2011 17:40 Page 3 Introduction People with autism are ‘falling through gaps in services’ (Loynes 2001, Department of Health (DH) 2006, National Autistic Society 2010). The All Party Parliamentary Group for Autism (APPGA) was formed in 2000 to work with the main political parties to raise awareness of the difficulties that people with autism and their families face, and to campaign and lobby for legislation change.