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Hero Figure in Poor Society As Seen in Character of James J HERO FIGURE IN POOR SOCIETY AS SEEN IN CHARACTER OF JAMES J. BRADDOCK IN MARC CERASINI’S CINDERELLA MAN AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra in English Letters By CHRISTO SYLVANO Student Number: 044214117 ENGLISH LETTERS STUDY PROGRAMME DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS FACULTY OF LETTERS SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY YOGYAKARTA 2009 i ii iii There is nothing Impossible for God iv This thesis is dedicated to: My Almighty and loving God, Jesus Christ v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to give my biggest thank to my Almighty God, Jesus Christ who has guided, taught, and given me strength to finish the thesis. I realized that I could not finish this thesis without His help and His guidance during my hard times and my good times. He gives me the opportunity to have this thesis done and He showed how Mighty He is through my thesis until I realized that only by His grace I can finish it. I would like to give special thank to my precious family: Papa and Mama who always pray and encourage me during the process of my thesis. My brother, Evan who is always be my funny brother for me, Tiwi, my beautiful little sister, and Phia, who always encourages me with her wise words. I also would like give my specials thank to my advisor Dra. Theresia Enny Anggraini, M.A. who are guiding me to finish this thesis with her patience and her advices, and also I would like thank to my co-advisor M. Luluk Artika W., S. S. who gives suggestions and also corrections for the improvement of my thesis. I would like thank Mbak Ninik and English Letter Staff for the good services that they gave during my academic years in the Department of English Letters. I also thank Sanata Dharma Library Staff for the books that they provided so that I could collect the data easily for my thesis writing. My deep gratitude is goes to my best friends, Pikal, Bayu, Silvi, Tyas, Asih, Vivi, and Riri. I am really grateful to meet all of you because you all taught me the true meaning of friendship and brotherhood. I would like to give my warmest thank to Jogjakarta Student Movement, especially to Mas Bayu and Kak Ike for their advices and support to build movement everywhere I live. I also thank for their prayers for my spiritual growth and for happiness also joy we share together as one team. vi I would like to give my last thank to all my friends in PMK EFATA for the laugh and happiness that I felt during my ministry in there and also the friendship that you showed through the kindness and joy. Christo Sylvano vii TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE……………………………………………………………. i APPROVAL PAGE……………………………………………………... ii ACCEPTANCE PAGE…………………………………………………. iii MOTTO PAGE………………………………………………………….. iv DEDICATION PAGE…………………………………………………... v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS…………………………………………….. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS……………………………………………….. viii ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………... x ABSTRAK……………………………………………………………….. xi LEMBAR PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN………………………… xii PERNYATAAN KEASLIAN KARYA………………………………... xiii CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION……………………………………… 1 A. Background of the Study…………………………………………. 1 B. Problem Formulation……………………………………………… 4 C. Objectives of the Study…………………………………………… 4 D. Definition of Term………………………………………………… 4 CHAPTER II: THEORETICAL REVIEW…………………………… 5 A. Review of Related Studies………………………………………... 5 B. Review of Related Theories……………………………………….. 9 1. Theories of Character and Characterization…………………… 10 2. Theories of Society……………………………………………. 13 a. Theory of Social Change………………………………….. 14 b. Theory of Social Problem…………………………………. 16 3. Theories of Heroism…………………………………………… 16 C. Review of Great Depression in United States and the Characteristics of the Society in Great Depression………………………………… 19 D. Theoretical Framework……………………………………………. 22 CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY……………………………………... 24 A. Object of the Study……………………………………………….... 24 B. Approach of the Study……………………………………………... 25 C. Method of the Study……………………………………………….. 26 CHAPTER IV: ANALYSIS……………………………………………… 29 A. The Characteristics of James J. Braddock…………………………. 29 B. The Ways James J. Braddock is Accepted as the Hero Figure ……. 45 a. Unbreakable Figure in Leading Himself, Family, and His Condition 47 b. Undefeated Figure in Influencing Poor Society through Unity and Strength…………………………………………………………. 51 C. The Significances of James J. Braddock as a Hero Figure …………. 56 viii a. Inspiration given by James J. Braddock to Poor Society of Great Depression………………………………………………………. 57 b. The Impossible Thing Defeated by James J. Braddock in Great Depression………………………………………………………. 59 c. Sacrificing Himself to Inspire the Poor Society of Great Depression 62 CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION……………………………………………. 66 BIBLIOGRAPHY………………………………………………………….. 71 APPENDIX…………………………………………………………………. 73 The Summary of Cinderella Man……………………………………….. 73 ix ABSTRACT CHRISTO SYLVANO (2009). HERO FIGURE IN POOR SOCIETY AS SEEN IN CHARACTER OF JAMES J. BRADDOCK IN MARC CERASINI’S CINDERELLA MAN. Yogyakarta: Department of English Letters, Faculty of Letters, Sanata Dharma University. This thesis discusses a novel entitled Cinderella Man which was written by Marc Cerasini. This novel was written based on the movie Cinderella Man which won 4 awards. This novel tells about the struggle of James J. Braddock as a boxer and also as a father in Great Depression era. These struggles bring him to the Heavyweight Championship which makes him become the hero figure of people in Great Depression. Therefore, this thesis focuses on the significance and role of the hero figure that can change the way of thinking in Great Depression poor society through his struggle for his dream and his family, also for everyone. This thesis has three objectives. The first objective is finding out the characteristics of James J. Braddock. The second objective is to identify the ways James J. Braddock is accepted as a hero figure in poor society of Great Depression. The last objective is finding out the significances of James J, Braddock as the hero figure in his society. The writer conducts library research to collect the data for the thesis. The writer also uses the data from the internet and the books of literature which are connecting the topic and the novel. In doing the analysis, the writer takes three steps. The writer uses the socio-cultural historical approach to analyze the problems because the thesis is really connected with the condition and characteristics of the poor society in Great Depression, also the history of Great Depression itself with the effects that it is caused. The analysis results three matters. First, the characteristics of James J. Braddock are responsible, honest, charitable, brave, modest, unbreakable and inspiring. These can be seen from James action and other characters action. Second, James J. Braddock is accepted as a hero figure because of his unbreakable characteristic in leading himself, family, and his condition to face the crisis and his undefeated characteristic to influence the poor society through the unity in the family and giving strength to society. Third, the first significance of James is giving inspiration to the poor society of Great Depression. The second significance is defeating the impossible thing in Great Depression and the last significance is sacrificing himself to the poor society of Great Depression because the fight he takes is not about his fight anymore but it is about everyone’s fight. x ABSTRAK CHRISTO SYLVANO (2009). HERO FIGURE IN POOR SOCIETY AS SEEN IN CHARACTER OF JAMES J. BRADDOCK IN MARC CERASINI’S CINDERELLA MAN. Yogyakarta: Jurusan Sastra Inggris, Fakultas Sastra, Universitas Sanata Dharma. Skripsi ini membahas sebuah novel berjudul Cinderella Man yang ditulis oleh Marc Cerasini. Novel ini ditulis berdasarkan film Cinderella Man yang memenangkan 4 penghargaan. Novel ini menceritakan tentang perjuangan James J. Braddock sebagai seorang petinju and juga seorang ayah pada era Depresi hebat. Perjuangan-perjuangan ini membawa dia kepada Kejuaraan Kelas berat yang membuat dia menjadi pahlawan dari orang-orang di Depresi hebat. Oleh karena itu, skripsi ini berfokus kepada fungsi dan peran seorang pahlawan yang dapat mengubah cara berpikir masyarakat miskin di Depresi hebat melalui perjuangannya untuk mimpinya dan keluarganya, juga semua orang. Skripsi ini memiliki tiga permasalahan. Permasalahan pertama adalah menemukan karakteristik dari James J. Braddock. Permasalahan kedua adalah mengidentifikasi cara-cara James J. Braddock diterima sebagai tokoh pahlawan didalam masyarakt miskin Depresi hebat. Pemasalahan kedua adalah menemukan fungsi-fungsi James J. Braddock sebagai pahlawan di dalam masyarakatnya. Penulis melakukan studi pustaka untuk mengumpulkan data bagi skripsi ini. Penulis juga menggunakan data dari internet dan buku-buku sastra yang berhubungan dengan topik dan novel. Dalam mengerjakan analisis, penulis melakukan tiga langkah. Penulis menggunakan pendekatan sejarah, budaya dan masyarakat untuk menganalisa permasalahan-permasalahan karena skripsi ini sangat berhubungan sekali dengan kondisi dan ciri khas masyarakat miskin di masa Depresi hebat, juga Depresi hebat sendiri dengan akibat-akibat yang disebabkannya. Analisa menghasilkan tiga hal. Pertama, karakteristik James J. Braddock adalah bertanggung jawab, jujur, penyayang, pemberani, rendah hati, tak mudah menyerah dan menginspirasi. Hal-hal ini dapat dilihat dari tindakan-tindakan James dan tindakah tokoh-tokoh yang lain. Kedua, James J. Braddock diterima sebagai pahlawan karena sifat yang tak mudah putus asa dalam memimpin dirinya,
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