Another Olympic singularity: List of shame: athletes retrospectively disqualified for doping 's partial exclusion Name event place

Throughout the history ofthe modern Olympics, there I 2008 have been cases when nations have been excluded from Maria Abakumova (RUS) javelin throw silver the Games. Afterthe First World War, the Central Powers IngaAbitova(RUS) 10,000 m 6lh place

of Germany, Austria, Hungary, Bulgaria and were Denis Alexeev (RUS) i+oo m 23,d place not invited to the 1920 Games in . Germany was Yarelys Barrios (CUB) silver similarly excluded fcr a second time in 1924. After the Yulia Cherm oshanskaya (RUS) 200 m /i+xioo m 8,h place / go d Second World War they were not permitted to participate AnnaChicherova (RUS) high jum p bronze in the 1948 Games. Neither were the Japanese. Alexandru Dudoglo (MDA) w eightlifting. 69 kg 9,h place Ireland was left out in the cold in 1936. When their Nadezda Evstyukhina (RUS* weightlifting 75 kg bronze Olympic Council did not comply with IOC demands to Tatyana Firova (RUS) 10 0 m 1 9x1+00 m replace the NOC signature when entering its athletes with 6,h place/silver Samuel Adelebari Francis (OAT) that of the IOC Member John J. Keane. South Africa was 100 m 16 °’ place suspended in 1964 because of apartheid not to return Sardar Hasanov(AZE) w eightlifting, 62 kg dnf to the Olympic family until 1992 after their government Anastasia Kapachinskaya (3US[ 4oo m /9 x 9 0 0 m 5,h place/silver finally renounced the system. Hripsime Khurshudyan (ARM) w eightlifting, 75 kg 11*" place At the same Games there was no Yugoslavia, in the Olha Korobkova (UKR) weightlifting, +-75kg silver

process of breaking up, was missing. Competitors from Wilfredo Martinzez (CUB) longjum p 5th place Serbia, Montenegro and Macedonia were permitted Tigran Martirosyan (ARM) w eightlifting, 69 kg bronze

to take part as Independent Olympic Participants (IOP). Josephine Nnkiruka Obnyia (E5F) 100 m hurdles 9 th place Russia and a further ten former republics of the Soviet Nastassia Novikava (BIR) weightlifting, 53kg bronze Union also marched in behind the Olympic flag and SibelOzkan (TUR) weightlifting, 1*8 kg silver were styled "Equipe Unified (EUN)the Combined team Alexander Pogorelov (RUS) decathlon 9'" place or Commonwealth of Independent States. Further Andrei Rybakov (BLR) weightlifting, 85kg silver examples followed. Marina Shainova (RUS) weightlifting, 58 kg silver What has never happened before was a partial NurcanTaylan (TUR) weightlifting, 98 kg exclusion, which w asapplied to the Russian Federation dnf in . The so-called McLaren Report accused Soslan Tigiev(UZB) wrestling freest., 66-71+ kg silver the Russian sports community of taking part in a Taim urazTigiyev (KAZ) wrestling freest., 89-96 kg silver system of state doping system. As many in the Western Ekaterina Volkova (RUS) 3000 m steeplechase bronze

world called for a total ban on Russia, the IOC Executive Ivan Yushkov(RUS) shot put io v place recommended to leave the decision about participation 2012 to the International Federations. Yet only the International Weightlifting Federation Aptl Aukhadov (RUS) weightlifting. 85 kg silver (IWF) decided on total exclusion. In athletics long jumper Zulfiya Chinshanlo (KAZ) weightlifting. 53kg gold Darya Klishina, who had trained in the USA was the only Ekaterina Gnidenko (RUS) cycling, keirin 8"’ place

participant. Kirill Ikonnikov (RUS) hammer throw 5,h place It fell to an IOC Review Panel to make a final decision Yulia Kalina (UKR) weightlifting. 58 kg bronze on who should be allowed to participate. This was Evgenija Kolodko(RUS) shot put silver completed on 4th August. The panel was chaired by Ugur Besik Kudukhov(RUS) w