DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT ______For Proposed Rough Stone & Road Metal Mine Over an Extent of 9.90 Hectares, in Sy. No. 345 of Girmapur Village, Medchal Mandal, Medchal Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
Terms of Reference: SIA/TG/MIN/55472/2020 Dated: 27.10.2020 Base Line Data Period: October 2020 – December 2020.
Submitted By SRI M. KOTESWARA RAO Plot No.05, AIR Colony, L.B. Nagar, Hyderabad, Telangana State.
Prepared By ______M/s. GLOBAL ENVIRO LABS (Accredited by Quality Council of India – NABET, New Delhi) 2-2-1075/14/A/1, Tilaknagar ‘X’ Roads, Bagh Amberpet, Hyderabad – 500 013. Ph.: 040-27407969 E.Mail: [email protected]
File No.SIA/TG/MIN/55472/2020 Goverment of India State Level Environment Impact Assessment Authority Telangana ***
To,
M/s SRI M.KOTESWARA RAO Plot NO.5, AIR Colony, L.B.Nagar, Hyderabad., Hyderabad-500074 Telangana
Tel.No.040-27407969; Email:[email protected]
Sub. Terms of Reference to the 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone & Road Metal Sand Mine of Sri M. Koteswara Rao, Plot NO.5,AIR colony, L.B.Nagar,Hyderabad.
Dear Sir/Madam,
This has reference to the proposal submitted in the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change to prescribe the Terms of Reference (TOR) for undertaking detailed EIA study for the purpose of obtaining Environmental Clearance in accordance with the provisions of the EIA Notification, 2006. For this purpose, the proponent had submitted online information in the prescribed format (Form-1 ) along with a Pre-feasibility Report. The details of the proposal are given below:
1. Proposal No.: SIA/TG/MIN/55472/2020
9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone & Road Metal Sand 2. Name of the Proposal: Mine of Sri M. Koteswara Rao
3. Category of the Proposal: Non-Coal Mining
4. Project/Activity applied for: 1(a) Mining of minerals
5. Date of submission for TOR: 11 Aug 2020
Date : 27-10-2020
Sri Swargam Srinivas ( IFS )
Office : Special Secretary(FAC), EFS&T,Dept., 4th Floor, Aranya Bhawan Saifabad, Hyderabad, Telangana- 500004 Phone No : 27407969 Mobile : 9951070403 Email id : [email protected]
Note : This is auto tor granted letter. In this regard, under the provisions of the EIA Notification 2006 as amended, the Standard TOR for the purpose of preparing environment impact assessment report and environment management plan for obtaining prior environment clearance is prescribed with public consultation as follows: STANDARD TERMS OF REFERENCE (TOR) FOR EIA/EMP REPORT FOR PROJECTS/ACTIVITIES REQUIRING ENVIRONMENT CLEARANCE
Terms of Reference (TOR) for preparation of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and Environmental Management Plan (EMP) for "Mining of Minerals" as per the EIA Notification, 2006 has been devised to improve the quality of the reports and facilitate decision-making transparent and easy. TOR will help the project proponents to prepare report with relevant project specific data and easily interpretable information. TOR for mining of minerals is expected to cover all environmental related features. Mining of minerals plays a positive role in the process of country's economic development. In addition to the contribution towards economic growth, mining can also be a major source of degradation of physical as well as social environment, unless it is properly managed. Environmental impacts can arise during all activities of the mining process. Minimizing the damage due to mining operations depends on sound environmental practices in a framework of balanced environmental legislation. The potential adverse effects of mining activities include air pollution, surface and groundwater pollution, noise and vibration, damage to local ecology, natural topography and drainage, depletion of water resources etc. All these environmental components are required to be considered while selecting a proper methodology of mining, mitigation measures to reduce pollution load, conservation of natural resources etc. The projects of mining of minerals as stated in the schedule require prior environment clearance under the EIA notification, 2006. Category 'A' Projects are handled in the MoEF&CC and Category 'B' projects are being handled by the respective State Environment Impact Assessment Authorities (SEIAAs) notified by MoEF&CC and following the procedure prescribed under the EIA Notification, 2006. As per this Notification, as amended, the projects of mining of minor minerals with mining lease area equal to or greater than 50 hectare are to be handled at the level of the MoEF&CC for grant of EC. Such projects with mining lease area less than 50 hectare are to be handled by the respective State Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA). 1(a):STANDARD TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR CONDUCTING ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY FOR NON-COAL MINING PROJECTS AND INFORMATION TO BE INCLUDED IN EIA/EMP REPORT
1) Year-wise production details since 1994 should be given, clearly stating the highest production achieved in any one year prior to 1994. It may also be categorically informed whether there had been any increase in production after the EIA Notification 1994 came into force, w.r.t. the highest production achieved prior to 1994.
2) A copy of the document in support of the fact that the Proponent is the rightful lessee of the mine should be given.
3) All documents including approved mine plan, EIA and Public Hearing should be compatible with one another in terms of the mine lease area, production levels, waste generation and its management, mining technology etc. and should be in the name of the lessee.
4) All corner coordinates of the mine lease area, superimposed on a High Resolution Imagery/ toposheet, topographic sheet, geomorphology and geology of the areashould be provided. Such an Imagery of STANDARD TERMS OF REFERENCE (TOR) FOR EIA/EMP REPORT FOR PROJECTS/ ACTIVITIES REQUIRING ENVIRONMENT CLEARANCE
the proposed area should clearly show the land use and other ecological features of the study area (core and buffer zone). 5) Information should be provided in Survey of India Toposheet in 1:50,000 scale indicating geological map of the area, geomorphology of land forms of the area, existing minerals and mining history of the area, important water bodies, streams and rivers and soil characteristics. 6) Details about the land proposed for mining activities should be givenwith information as to whether mining conforms to the land use policy of the State; land diversion for mining should have approval from State land use board or the concerned authority. 7) It should be clearly stated whether the proponent Company has a well laid down Environment Policy approved by its Board of Directors? If so, it may be spelt out in the EIA Report with description of the prescribed operating process/procedures to bring into focus any infringement/deviation/ violation of the environmental or forest norms/ conditions? The hierarchical system or administrative order of the Company to deal with the environmental issues and for ensuring compliance with the EC conditions may also be given. The system of reporting of non-compliances / violations of environmental norms to the Board of Directors of the Company and/or shareholders or stakeholders at large,may also be detailed in the EIA Report. 8) Issues relating to Mine Safety, including subsidence study in case of underground mining and slope study in case of open cast mining, blasting study etc. should be detailed. The proposed safeguard measures in each case should also be provided. 9) The study rea will comprise of 10 km zone around the mine lease from lease periphery and the data contained in the EIA such as waste generation etc. should be for the life of the mine / lease period. 10) Land use of the study rea delineating forest area, agricultural land, grazing land, wildlife sanctuary, national park, migratory routes of fauna, water bodies, human settlements and other ecological features should be indicated. Land use plan of the mine lease area should be prepared to encompass preoperational, operational and post operational phases and submitted. Impact, if any, of change of land use should be given. 11) Details of the land for any Over Burden Dumps outside the mine lease, such as extent of land area, distance from mine lease, its land use, R&R issues, if any, should be given. 12) A Certificate from the Competent Authority in the State Forest Department should be provided, confirming the involvement of forest land, if any, in the project area. In the event of any contrary claim by the Project Proponent regarding the status of forests, the site may be inspected by the State Forest Department along with the Regional Office of the Ministry to ascertain the status of forests, based on which, the Certificate in this regard as mentioned above be issued. In all such cases, it would be desirable for representative of the State Forest Department to assist the Expert Appraisal Committees. 13) Status of forestry clearance for the broken up area and virgin forestland involved in the Project including deposition of net present value (NPV) and compensatory afforestation (CA) should be indicated. A copy of the forestry clearance should also be furnished. STANDARD TERMS OF REFERENCE (TOR) FOR EIA/EMP REPORT FOR PROJECTS/ACTIVITIES REQUIRING ENVIRONMENT CLEARANCE
14) Implementation status of recognition of forest rights under the Scheduled Tribes and other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 should be indicated.
15) The vegetation in the RF / PF areas in the study area, with necessary details, should be given.
16) A study shall be got done to ascertain the impact of the Mining Project on wildlife of the study area and details furnished. Impact of the project on the wildlife in the surrounding and any other protected area and accordingly, detailed mitigative measures required, should be worked out with cost implications and submitted.
17) Location of National Parks, Sanctuaries, Biosphere Reserves, Wildlife Corridors, Ramsar site Tiger/ Elephant Reserves/(existing as well as proposed), if any, within 10 km of the mine lease should be clearly indicated, supported by a location map duly authenticated by Chief Wildlife Warden. Necessary clearance, as may be applicable to such projects due to proximity of the ecologically sensitive areas as mentioned above, should be obtained from the Standing Committee of National Board of Wildlifeand copy furnished.
18) A detailed biological study of the study area [core zone and buffer zone (10 km radius of the periphery of the mine lease)] shall be carried out. Details of flora and fauna, endangered, endemic and RET Species duly authenticated, separately for core and buffer zone should be furnished based on such primary field survey, clearly indicating the Schedule of the fauna present. In case of any scheduled- I fauna found in the study area, the necessary plan alongwith budgetary provisions for their conservation should be prepared in consultation with State Forest and Wildlife Department and details furnished. Necessary allocation of funds for implementing the same should be made as part of the project cost.
19) Proximity to Areas declared as 'Critically Polluted' or the Project areas likely to come under the 'Aravali Range', (attracting court restrictions for mining operations), should also be indicated and where so required, clearance certifications from the prescribed Authorities, such as the SPCB or State Mining Dept. Should be secured and furnished to the effect that the proposed mining activities could be considered.
20) Similarly, for coastal Projects, A CRZ map duly authenticated by one of the authorized agencies demarcating LTL. HTL, CRZ area, location of the mine lease w.r.t CRZ, coastal features such as mangroves, if any, should be furnished. (Note: The Mining Projects falling under CRZ would also need to obtain approval of the concerned Coastal Zone Management Authority).
21) R&R Plan/compensation details for the Project Affected People (PAP) should be furnished. While preparing the R&R Plan, the relevant State/National Rehabilitation & Resettlement Policy should be kept in view. In respect of SCs /STs and other weaker sections of the society in the study area, a need based sample survey, family-wise, should be undertaken to assess their requirements, and action programmes prepared and submitted accordingly, integrating the sectoral programmes of line departments of the State Government. It may be clearly brought out whether the village(s) located in the mine lease area will be shifted or not. The issues relating to shifting of village(s) including their R&R and socio-economic aspects should be discussed in the Report. STANDARD TERMS OF REFERENCE (TOR) FOR EIA/EMP REPORT FOR PROJECTS/ ACTIVITIES REQUIRING ENVIRONMENT CLEARANCE
22) One season (non-monsoon) [i.e. March-May (Summer Season); October-December (post monsoon season) ; December-February (winter season)]primary baseline data on ambient air quality as per CPCB Notification of 2009, water quality, noise level, soil and flora and fauna shall be collected and the AAQ and other data so compiled presented date-wise in the EIA and EMP Report. Site- specific meteorological data should also be collected. The location of the monitoring stations should be such as to represent whole of the study area and justified keeping in view the pre-dominant downwind direction and location of sensitive receptors. There should be at least one monitoring station within 500 m of the mine lease in the pre-dominant downwind direction. The mineralogical composition of PM10, particularly for free silica, should be given.
23) Air quality modeling should be carried out for prediction of impact of the project on the air quality of the area. It should also take into account the impact of movement of vehicles for transportation of mineral. The details of the model used and input parameters used for modeling should be provided. The air quality contours may be shown on a location map clearly indicating the location of the site, location of sensitive receptors, if any, and the habitation. The wind roses showing pre-dominant wind direction may also be indicated on the map.
24) The water requirement for the Project, its availability and source should be furnished. A detailed water balance should also be provided. Fresh water requirement for the Project should be indicated.
25) Necessary clearance from the Competent Authority for drawl of requisite quantity of water for the Project should be provided.
26) Description of water conservation measures proposed to be adopted in the Project should be given. Details of rainwater harvesting proposed in the Project, if any, should be provided.
27) Impact of the Project on the water quality, both surface and groundwater, should be assessed and necessary safeguard measures, if any required, should be provided.
28) Based on actual monitored data, it may clearly be shown whether working will intersect groundwater. Necessary data and documentation in this regard may be provided. In case the working will intersect groundwater table, a detailed Hydro Geological Study should be undertaken and Report furnished. The Report inter-alia, shall include details of the aquifers present and impact of mining activities on these aquifers. Necessary permission from Central Ground Water Authority for working below ground water and for pumping of ground water should also be obtained and copy furnished.
29) Details of any stream, seasonal or otherwise, passing through the lease area and modification / diversion proposed, if any, and the impact of the same on the hydrology should be brought out.
30) Information on site elevation, working depth, groundwater table etc. Should be provided both in AMSL and bgl. A schematic diagram may also be provided for the same.
31) A time bound Progressive Greenbelt Development Plan shall be prepared in a tabular form (indicating the linear and quantitative coverage, plant species and time frame) and submitted, keeping in mind, the same will have to be executed up front on commencement of the Project. Phase-wise plan of plantation and compensatory afforestation should be charted clearly indicating the area to be covered STANDARD TERMS OF REFERENCE (TOR) FOR EIA/EMP REPORT FOR PROJECTS/ACTIVITIES REQUIRING ENVIRONMENT CLEARANCE
under plantation and the species to be planted. The details of plantation already done should be given.The plant species selected for green belt should have greater ecological value and should be of good utility value to the local population with emphasis on local and native species and the species which are tolerant to pollution.
32) Impact on local transport infrastructure due to the Project should be indicated. Projected increase in truck traffic as a result of the Project in the present road network (including those outside the Project area) should be worked out, indicating whether it is capable of handling the incremental load. Arrangement for improving the infrastructure, if contemplated (including action to be taken by other agencies such as State Government) should be covered. Project Proponent shall conduct Impact of Transportation study as per Indian Road Congress Guidelines.
33) Details of the onsite shelter and facilities to be provided to the mine workers should be included in the EIA Report.
34) Conceptual post mining land use and Reclamation and Restoration of mined out areas (with plans and with adequate number of sections) should be given in the EIA report.
35) Occupational Health impacts of the Project should be anticipated and the proposed preventive measures spelt out in detail. Details of pre-placement medical examination and periodical medical examination schedules should be incorporated in the EMP. The project specific occupational health mitigation measures with required facilities proposed in the mining area may be detailed.
36) Public health implications of the Project and related activities for the population in the impact zone should be systematically evaluated and the proposed remedial measures should be detailed along with budgetary allocations.
37) Measures of socio economic significance and influence to the local community proposed to be provided by the Project Proponent should be indicated. As far as possible, quantitative dimensions may be given with time frames for implementation.
38) Detailed environmental management plan (EMP) to mitigate the environmental impacts which, should inter-alia include the impacts of change of land use, loss of agricultural and grazing land, if any, occupational health impacts besides other impacts specific to the proposed Project.
39) Public Hearing points raised and commitment of the Project Proponent on the same along with time bound Action Plan with budgetary provisions to implement the same should be provided and also incorporated in the final EIA/EMP Report of the Project.
40) Details of litigation pending against the project, if any, with direction /order passed by any Court of Law against the Project should be given.
41) The cost of the Project (capital cost and recurring cost) as well as the cost towards implementation of EMP should be clearly spelt out.
42) A Disaster management Plan shall be prepared and included in the EIA/EMP Report. STANDARD TERMS OF REFERENCE (TOR) FOR EIA/EMP REPORT FOR PROJECTS/ ACTIVITIES REQUIRING ENVIRONMENT CLEARANCE
43) Benefits of the Project if the Project is implemented should be spelt out. The benefits of the Project shall clearly indicate environmental, social, economic, employment potential, etc.
44) Besides the above, the below mentioned general points are also to be followed:-
a) All documents to be properly referenced with index and continuous page numbering.
b) Where data are presented in the Report especially in Tables, the period in which the data were collected and the sources should be indicated.
c) Project Proponent shall enclose all the analysis/testing reports of water, air, soil, noise etc. using the MoEF&CC/NABL accredited laboratories. All the original analysis/testing reports should be available during appraisal of the Project.
d) Where the documents provided are in a language other than English, an English translation should be provided.
e) The Questionnaire for environmental appraisal of mining projects as devised earlier by the Ministry shall also be filled and submitted.
f) While preparing the EIA report, the instructions for the Proponents and instructions for the Consultants issued by MoEF vide O.M. No. J-11013/41/2006-IA.II(I) dated 4th August, 2009, which are available on the website of this Ministry, should be followed.
g) Changes, if any made in the basic scope and project parameters (as submitted in Form-I and the PFR for securing the TOR) should be brought to the attention of MoEF&CC with reasons for such changes and permission should be sought, as the TOR may also have to be altered. Post Public Hearing changes in structure and content of the draft EIA/EMP (other than modifications arising out of the P.H. process) will entail conducting the PH again with the revised documentation.
h) As per the circular no. J-11011/618/2010-IA.II(I) dated 30.5.2012, certified report of the status of compliance of the conditions stipulated in the environment clearance for the existing operations of the project, should be obtained from the Regional Office of Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, as may be applicable.
i) The EIA report should also include (i) surface plan of the area indicating contours of main topographic features, drainage and mining area, (ii) geological maps and sections and (iii) sections of the mine pit and external dumps, if any, clearly showing the land features of the adjoining area.
**** Compliance to the Standard TORs issued by SEIAA, T.S. Lr. No. SIA/TG/MIN/55472/2020 Date: 27-10-2020 9.90 Hect. of Rough Stone & Road Metal Sand Mine of Sri M. Koteswara Rao, Survey No. 345 of Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State. 1(a): Standard Terms of Reference for Conducting Environment Impact Assessment Study for Non-coal Mining Projects and information to be included in EIA/EMP report:
Sl.no TOR Compliance
1. Year-wise production details since 1994 should be given, It is a new mine. After clearly stating the highest production achieved in any one obtaining EC, CFE, CFO we year prior to 1994. It may also be categorically informed will start the production whether there had been any increase in production after the EIA Notification, 1994 came into force w.r.t. the highest production achieved prior to 1994.
2. A copy of the document in support of the fact that the Mine Lease area granted in the Proponent is the rightful lessee of the mine should be given. name of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO vide Notice No. 3027/QL/MDCL/2019 dated 08.11.2019 is enclosed in the approved mining plan at end of the EIA report 3. All documents including approved mine plan, EIA and Contents in all documents are public hearing should be compatible with one another in synchronizing with one another terms of the mine lease area, production levels, waste in terms of mine lease area, generation and its management and mining technology and production levels, waste should be in the name of the lessee. generation, its management and mining technology. 4. All corner coordinates of the mine lease area, superimposed Presented in EIA report in page on a High-Resolution Imagery / toposheet should be no 7 provided. Such an imagery of the proposed area should clearly show the land use and other ecological features of the study area (core and buffer zone).
5. Information should be provided in Survey of India Topo Topo map is enclosed in EIA sheet in 1:50,000 scale indicating geological map of the area, report in page no 7 and geomorphology of land forms of the area, existing minerals Geomorphology map is and mining history of the area, important water bodies, enclosed in page no 44 streams and rivers and soil characteristics.
6. Details about the land proposed for mining activities should The ML area is Government be given with information as to whether mining conforms to land. Mine Lease area granted the land use policy of the State; land diversion for mining by DMG vide Govt. Notice should have approval from State land use board or the No. 3027/QL/MDCL/2019 dated concerned authority. 08.11.2019, copy is enclosed at end of the EIA report 7. Does the company have a well laid down Environment As the ML area is a new mine, Policy approved by its Board of Directors? If so, it may be the lessee has formed spelt out in the EIA report with description of the prescribed Environmental policy, standard operating process / procedures to bring into focus any operating procedures, infringement / deviation / violation of the environmental or Hierarchical system, system of forest norms/ conditions? The hierarchical system or report non-compliance to administrative order of the Company to deal with the lessee and same is presented in environmental issues and for ensuring compliance with the EIA report in page No.3 EC conditions may also be given. The system of reporting of non-compliances / violations of environmental norms to the Board of Directors of the Company and/or shareholders or stakeholders at large may also be detailed in the EIA report.
8. Issues relating to Mine Safety, including subsidence study in Presented in EIA report in page case of underground mining and slope study in case of open no 91-93,112-123 cast mining, blasting study etc. should be detailed. The proposed safeguard measures in each case should also be provided.
9. The study area will comprise of 10 km zone around the mine The EIA report is prepared as lease from lease periphery and the data contained in the EIA per the condition only such as waste generation etc should be for the life of the mine / lease period.
10 Land use of the study area delineating forest area, Presented EIA report from agricultural land, grazing land, wildlife sanctuary, national page no 54-68 park, migratory routes of fauna, water bodies, human settlements and other ecological features should be indicated. Land use plan of the mine lease area should be prepared to encompass preoperational, operational and post operational phases and submitted. Impact, if any, of change of land use should be given.
11. Details of the land for any Over Burden Dumps outside the There is no dumping of waste mine lease, such as extent of land area, distance from mine as per approved Mining plan lease, its land use, R&R issues, if any, should be given. and given in page No.27
12. A Certificate from the Competent Authority in the State The ML area is Govt.Land. No Forest Department should be provided, confirming the forest land is involved in the involvement of forest land, if any, in the project area. In the ML area event of any contrary claim by the Project Proponent regarding the status of forests, the site may be inspected by the State Forest Department along with the Regional Office of the Ministry to ascertain the status of Forests, based on which, the Certificate in this regard as mentioned above be issued. In all such cases, it would be desirable for representative of the State Forest Department to assist the Expert Appraisal Committees.
13. Status of forestry clearance for the broken-up area and virgin The ML area is Govt. Land. No forestland involved in the Project including deposition of net forest land is involved in the present value (NPV) and compensatory afforestation (CA) ML area. should be indicated. A copy of the forestry clearance should also be furnished.
14. Implementation status of recognition of forest rights under The ML area is Govt. land. No the Scheduled Tribes and other Traditional Forest Dwellers forest land is involved in the (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 should be ML area indicated.
15. The vegetation in the RF / PF areas in the study area, with Presented EIA report from necessary details, should be given. page no: 88-91 and detailed study of flora & fauna report given in Annexure -D 16. A study shall be got done to ascertain the impact of the Detailed biological study was Mining Project on wildlife of the study area and details carried out by Experts and furnished. Impact of the project on the wildlife in the presented Draft EIA report as surrounding and any other protected area and accordingly detailed study of flora & fauna detailed mitigative measures required, should be worked out & Enclosed as Annexure D. with cost implications and submitted.
17. Location of National Parks, Sanctuaries, Biosphere Reserves, There are no National Parks, Wildlife Corridors, Tiger / Elephant Reserves / (existing as Sanctuaries, Biosphere well as proposed), if any, within 10 km of the mine lease Reserves, Wildlife Corridors, should be clearly indicated, supported by a location map Tiger /Elephant Reserves duly authenticated by Chief Wildlife Warden. Necessary existing and proposed within clearance, as may be applicable to such projects due to 10 Kms radius of the mine proximity of the ecologically sensitive areas as mentioned lease area above, should be obtained from the State Wildlife Department / Chief Wildlife Warden under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 and copy furnished.
18. A detailed biological study of the study area [core zone and Please refer to ANNEXURE - buffer zone (10 km radius of the periphery of the mine D for detailed Biological study lease)] shall be carried out. Details of flora and fauna, duly of area covering both core and authenticated, separately for core and buffer zone should be buffer zone has been furnished furnished based on such primary field survey, clearly in Draft EIA report indicating the Schedule of the fauna present. In case of any scheduled-I fauna found in the study area, the necessary plan for their conservation should be prepared in consultation with State Forest and Wildlife Department and details furnished. Necessary allocation of funds for implementing the same should be made as part of the project cost.
19. Proximity to Areas declared as ‘Critically Polluted’ or the There are no critically polluted Project areas attracting court restrictions for mining areas within 10km study area. operations should also be indicated and where so required, clearance / certifications from the prescribed Authorities, such as the SPCB or State Mining Dept. Should be secured and furnished to the effect that the proposed mining activities could be considered.
20. Similarly, for coastal Projects, A CRZ map duly Not applicable authenticated by one of the authorized agencies demarcating LTL. HTL, CRZ area, location of the mine lease w.r.t CRZ, coastal features such as mangroves, if any, should be furnished. (Note: The Mining Projects falling under CRZ would also need to obtain approval of the concerned Coastal Zone Management Authority). 21. R&R Plan / compensation details for the Project Affected The mine lease area Govt. People (PAP) should be furnished. While preparing the R&R land. Hence No R&R is Plan, the relevant State / National Rehabilitation & required. Resettlement Policy should be kept in view. In respect of SCs / STs and other weaker sections of the society in the study area, a need-based sample survey, family-wise, should be undertaken to assess their requirements, and action programmes prepared and submitted accordingly, integrating the sectoral programmes of line departments of the State Government. It may be clearly brought out whether the village located in the mine lease area will be shifted or not. The issues relating to shifting of Village including their R&R and socio-economic aspects should be discussed in the report.
22. One season (non-monsoon) primary baseline data on ambient Presented in EIA report from air quality (PM10, SO2 and NOx), water quality, noise level, page no 28-75,76-93 soil and flora and fauna shall be collected and the AAQ and other data so compiled presented date-wise in the EIA and Enclosed as Annexure A, B, C, EMP Report. Site-specific meteorological data should also D, E be collected. The location of the monitoring stations should be such as to represent whole of the study area and justified keeping in view the pre-dominant downwind direction and location of sensitive receptors. There should be at lease one monitoring station within 500 m of the mine lease in the pre- dominant downwind direction. The mineralogical composition of PM10, particularly for free silica, should be given.
23. Air quality modeling should be carried out for prediction of Presented in EIA report from impact of the project on the air quality of the area. It should page no 76-93 also take into account the impact of movement of vehicles for transportation of mineral. The details of the model used and input parameters used for modeling should be provided. The air quality contours may be shown on a location map clearly indicating the location of the site, location of sensitive receptors, if any, and the habitation. The wind roses showing pre-dominant wind direction may also be indicated on the map.
24. The water requirement for the Project, its availability and Presented in EIA report in page source should be furnished. A detailed water balance should no 84 also be provided. Fresh water requirement for the Project should be indicated.
25. Necessary clearance from the Competent Authority for drawl Water required for proposed of requisite quantity of water for the Project should be mining operations will be met provided. from ground water resource from nearby villages. Total water requirement will be 15 KLD. Water drawl permission is not required as total requirement is less than 100 KLD. 26. Description of water conservation measures proposed to be Presented in EIA report from adopted in the Project should be given. Details of rainwater page no 85 harvesting proposed in the Project, if any, should be provided.
27 Impact of the project on the water quality, both surface and Presented in EIA report from groundwater should be assessed and necessary safeguard page no 54 measures, if any required, should be provided.
28. Based on actual monitored data, it may clearly be shown The mine lease area is Plain whether working will intersect groundwater. Necessary data land. The ground water table is and documentation in this regard may be provided. In case at 30 m below General ground the working will intersect groundwater table, a detailed level and mine workings are Hydro Geological Study should be undertaken and Report proposed on higher and will furnished. Necessary permission from Central Ground Water not affect water regime. Hence Authority for working below ground water and for pumping there will not be any intersect of ground water should also be obtained and copy furnished. of mining operation with ground water table. Hence there will not be impact on ground water quality due to mining operations. 29. Details of any stream, seasonal or otherwise, passing through No streams are passing in mine the lease area and modification / diversion proposed, if any, lease area. Hydrogeology study and the impact of the same on the hydrology should be presented in EIA report in page brought out. no 49-54
30. Information on site elevation, working depth, groundwater Presented in EIA report in page table etc. Should be provided both in AMSL and BGL. A no 19-23. Mining Maps are schematic diagram may also be provided for the same. enclosed in the approved mining plan at the end of the EIA report 31. A time bound Progressive Greenbelt Development Plan shall Presented in EIA report from be prepared in a tabular form (indicating the linear and page no 101-104 quantitative coverage, plant species and time frame) and submitted, keeping in mind, the same will have to be executed up front on commencement of the Project. Phase- wise plan of plantation and compensatory afforestation should be charted clearly indicating the area to be covered under plantation and the species to be planted. The details of plantation already done should be given. The plant species selected for green belt should have greater ecological value and should be of good utility value to the local population with emphasis on local and native species and the species which are tolerant to pollution.
32 Impact on local transport infrastructure due to the Project The transportation shall be should be indicated. Projected increase in truck traffic as a carried out from lease through result of the Project in the present road network (including village road and the mine lease those outside the Project area) should be worked out, applied area can be approached indicating whether it is capable of handling the incremental from village of Girmapurm load. Arrangement for improving the infrastructure, if village. contemplated (including action to be taken by other agencies The road is already developed such as State Government) should be covered. Project to mining lease area. So Proponent shall conduct Impact of Transportation study as existing road is not required to per Indian Road Congress Guidelines. expand due to this project. Due to this mining production only 139 numbers of tricks per day will be added to the traffic density of the area. Steps will be taken to care by providing peripheral development trough district authority and the govt. agencies for road repairing/ maintenance. Awareness campaign among dumper /truck drivers will be generated for clearance of road and lower down the pollution load due to transportation. 33. Details of the onsite shelter and facilities to be provided to The workers in the mines will the mine workers should be included in the EIA report. be provided rest shed, first aid centre, ambulance facility. The hazardous protecting equipment also will be provided to the employees such as helmet, ear muff, mask etc. Presented in EIA report in page no 122. 34. Conceptual post mining land use and Reclamation and Presented in EIA report in page Restoration of mined out areas (with plans and with adequate no 23 Plans are enclosed in the number of sections) should be given in the EIA report. approved mining plan at the end of the EIA report 35. Occupational Health impacts of the Project should be Presented in EIA report from anticipated and the proposed preventive measures spelt out page no 91-93 in detail. Details of pre-placement medical examination and periodical medical examination schedules should be incorporated in the EMP. The project specific occupational health mitigation measures with required facilities proposed in the mining area may be detailed.
36. Public health implications of the Project and related There are 34 villages in the activities for the population in the impact zone should be study area with 107142 systematically evaluated and the proposed remedial population. All control measures should be detailed along with budgetary measure for air emission, allocations. Noise control, solid waste management will be taken as per norms. Hence there will not be any impact on population. 37. Measures of socio-economic significance and influence to Presented in EIA report from the local community proposed to be provided by the Project page no 73 Proponent should be indicated. As far as possible, quantitative dimensions may be given with time frames for implementation.
38. Detailed environmental management plan to mitigate the Presented in EIA report from environmental impacts which, should inter-alia include the page no 94-110 impacts of change of land use, loss of agricultural and grazing land, if any, occupational health impacts besides other impacts specific to the proposed Project.
39. Public hearing points raised and commitment of the project Public hearing is yet to be proponent on the same along with time bound action plan to done. Will be incorporated implement the same should be provided and also after public hearing incorporated in the final EIA / EMP Report of the Project.
40. Details of litigation pending against the project, if any, with No litigation or court cases are direction / order passed by any Court of Law against the pending against the project. project should be given.
41. The cost of the project (capital cost and recurring cost) as Presented in EIA report from well as the cost towards implementation of EMP should page no 107-108 clearly be spelt out.
42. A Disaster management Plan shall be prepared and included Presented in EIA report from in the EIA/EMP Report. page no 119-123
43 Benefits of the Project if the Project is implemented should Presented in EIA report from be spelt out. The benefits of the Project shall clearly indicate page no 124-126 environmental, social, economic, employment potential, etc.
44 Besides the above, the below mentioned general points are also to be followed:
a. Executive Summary of the EIA/EMP Report Executive Summary is provided over and above the Draft EIA report b. All documents to be properly referenced with index and Index and Page numbers are continuous page numbering. given in EIA report
c. Where data are presented in the Report especially in Tables, Draft EIA report is prepared the period in which the data were collected and the sources with compliances of the should be indicated. condition d. Project Proponent shall enclose all the analysis/testing All the original analysis reports of water, air, soil, noise etc. using the reports will be submitted along MoEF&CC/NABL accredited laboratories. All the original with Final EIA report to the analysis/testing reports should be available during appraisal SEAC committee at the time of of the Project. appraisal. Air, Water, Noise and Soil analysis data is enclosed in Draft EIA report as annexure A, B, C e. Where the documents provided are in a language other than The Drat EIA report and all the English, an English translation should be provided enclosures are prepared in English.
f. The Questionnaire for environmental appraisal of mining The Questionnaire for projects as devised earlier by the Ministry shall also be filled environmental appraisal of and submitted. mining projects will be submitted along with Final EIA report to the SEAC committee at the time of appraisal. g. While preparing the EIA report, the instructions for the The instructions are fallowed Proponents and instructions for the Consultants issued by as per the condition. MoEF&CC vide O.M. No. J-11013/41/2006-IA. II(I) dated 4th August, 2009, which are available on the website of this Ministry, should be followed. h. Changes, if any made in the basic scope and project NO changes yet. parameters (as submitted in Form-I and the PFR for securing the TOR) should be brought to the attention of MoEF&CC We will fallow the condition if with reasons for such changes and permission should be any changes proposed. sought, as the TOR may also have to be altered. Post Public
Hearing changes in structure and content of the draft EIA/EMP (other than modifications arising out of the P.H. process) will entail conducting the PH again with the revised documentation.
i. As per the circular no. J-11011/618/2010-IA. II(I) dated Not Applicable, as it is a NEW 30.5.2012, certified report of the status of compliance of the project. conditions stipulated in the environment clearance for the existing operations of the project, should be obtained from the Regional Office of Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, as may be applicable.
j. The EIA report should also include (i) surface plan of the All the maps are provided in area indicating contours of main topographic features, Draft EIA report. drainage and mining area, (ii) geological maps and sections and (iii) sections of the mine pit and external dumps, if any, clearly showing the land features of the adjoining area.
CONTENTS
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
CHAPTER PAGE No. 1. INTRODUCTION 01 1.0 Preamble 01 1.1 Identification of project & project proponent 03 1.2 Brief description of the proposed mining activity 04 1.2.1 Nature 04 1.2.2 Size of The Project 04 1.2.3 Location of the Mine 04 1.2.4 Importance of Project 10 1.3 Scope of the study 10
2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION 11 2.1 Type of the Project 11 2.2 Location 11 2.3 Size / Magnitude of Operation 11 2.4 Proposed schedule for Approval and Implementation 12 2.5 Technology and process description 12 2.5.1 Number of Trucks 12 2.6 Geology and Exploration: 12 2.6.1 Topography 12 2.6.2 Regional Geology 12 2.6.3 Local Geology 13 2.6.4 Exploration 16 2.6.5 Reserves 16 2.6.6 Total Mineable reserves and Life of the Quarry 18 2.6.7 Mining Methodology 19 2.6.8 Machinery 24 2.8 Use of minerals 25 2.9 Site Services 25 2.10 Environmental Mitigation Measures 26 2.11 Assessment of New & Untested Technology for the Risk of 27 Technological Failure
3 BASELINE ENVIRONMENT 28
3.1 Air Environment 29 3.1.1 Meteorology 29 3.1.2 Meteorological Data Recorded at Site 29 3.1.3 Wind pattern during Study Period 29 3.1.4 Air Quality 31 3.1.5 Selection of Sampling Stations 31 3.1.6 Parameters Monitored 31 3.1.7 Sampling & Analytical Techniques Instruments Used for 32 Sampling 3.2 Ambient Air Quality 35 3.3 Noise Environment 36 3.4 Water Environment 40 3.5 Land Environment 43 3.5.1 Geology 43 3.6 Hydrogeology 45 3.7 Land use pattern 54 3.7.1 Introduction 54 3.7.2 Objective 55 3.7.3 Scope of the Work 55 3.7.4 Role of Remote Sensing and GIS 57 3.7.5 Baseline Data on Soil Quality 69 3.8 Biological Environment 71 3.9 Socio-Economic Environment 72 3.9.1 Baseline Status 72 3.10 Occupational Health 74
4 PREDICTON OF IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES 76 4.0 Introduction 76 4.1 Air Environment 76 4.1.1 Air Emissions 76 4.1.2 Quantitative Estimation of Impacts on air Environment 76 4.1.3 Sources of dust emission 77 4.1.4 Emission Details 78 4.1.5 Meteorological Data 78 4.1.6 Summary of Predicted Ground Level Concentrations 79 4.1.7 Proposed mitigation measures for dust suppression 80 4.2 Noise Environment 83 4.2.1 Anticipated Impacts 83 4.2.2 Proposed mitigation measures 83 4.3 Water Environment 83 4.3.1 Impact on Surface Water 83 4.3.2 Water Consumption 84 4.3.3 Anticipated Impacts 84 4.3.4 Impact on Surrounding Water Bodies 84 4.3.5 Mitigation Measures 85 4.4 Land Environment 85 4.4.1 Possible Impact on Geology & Mitigation 85 4.4.2 Anticipated impact on Land Environment 85 4.4.3 Reclamation 86 4.4.4 Proposed mitigation measures 87 4.5 Biological Environment 88 4.5.1 Anticipated Impacts 88 4.6 Socio-Economic Environment 91 4.6.1 Anticipated impacts 91 4.6.2 Proposed mitigating measures 91 4.7 Occupational safety & Health Environment 91 4.7.1 Respiratory Hazards 92 4.7.2 Physical Hazards 92 4.7.3 Occupational health survey 93 5 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 94 5.0 Introduction 94 5.1 Air pollution control measures 94 5.2 Noise Pollution control measures 98 5.3 Water pollution control measures 99 5.4 Land Environment 100 5.4.1 Waste Management 100 5.5 Environmental Management Plan for Ecology & Biodiversity 101 5.6 Rainwater harvesting 106 5.7 Wildlife conservation plan 107 5.8 Occupational Health & Safety Measures to Control Dust Inhalation 108 5.9 Budget 109
6 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (TECHNOLOGY & SITE) 111 6.1 Alternative Technologies 111 6.2 Alternative sites examined by Sri M.Koteswara Rao 111
7 ADDITIONAL STUDIES 112 7.1 Risk Assessment 112 7.1.1 Inundation 112 7.1.2 Failure of Pit Slope 112 7.1.3 Failure of Waste Dumps 112 7.1.4 Surface Fire 113 7.1.5 Dust from the Drilling Operation 113 7.1.6 Noise 113 7.1.7 Loading 114 7.1.8 Transport Vehicles 114 7.2 Risk Control Measures 115 7.2.1 House Keeping 115 7.2.2 The Work 115 7.2.3 Personal Competence 115 7.2.4 Co-Ordination 115 7.2.5 Dangerous Parts of Machinery 115 7.2.6 Work Places 116 7.2.7 Health Hazards 116 7.2.8 Personal Protective Equipment’s (PPE) 116 7.2.9 Traffic Movements 116 7.3 Disaster Management Plan 118 7.3.1 Structure of the Disaster Management Plan Outline of Disaster 119 Management Plan 7.3.2 System of Communication 119 7.3.3 Facilities & Accommodation 119 7.3.4 First Aid & Medical Facilities 119 7.3.5 Disaster Management Team 119 7.3.6 Infrastructure 120 7.3.7 Care and Maintenance During Temporary Discontinuance 120 7.3.8 Occupational Health and Protective Measures 121
8 PROJECT BENEFITS 124 8.1 Improvement in the physical environment 124 8.1.1 Afforestation Plan 124 8.2 Improvement in the social infrastructure 124 8.3 Employment potential 126
9 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME 127 9.1 Environmental Monitoring Programme 127 9.2 Air Quality Monitoring 127 9.3 Noise levels monitoring 127 9.4 Water quality monitoring 127 9.5 Soil quality assessment 127 9.6 Conclusion 129
LIST OF TABLES Table No. Description Page No
1.1 Salient features of the study area 5 3.1 Environmental Attribute & Frequency of Monitoring 28 3.2 Ambient Air Quality monitoring stations 32 3.3 Summary of AAQ Monitoring 35 3.4 Ambient Noise Monitoring Stations 39 3.5 Noise levels in During Study Periods 39 3.6 Water Sampling Locations 40 3.7 Statistics of Land use/Land cover of the study area 64 3.8 Soil Sampling Locations 69 5.1 Activities proposed and budget allocation for Wildlife 102 conservation 5.2 Listfor 5 of years plants suggested for greenbelt and afforestation in the safe 103 zone 5.3 Cost of estimates for restoration and afforestation 104 5.4 Budgetary Estimation for Environmental Management 109 9.1 Summary – Monitoring Schedule 128
LIST OF FIGURES / DRAWINGS
Fig / Page Description DRG No. 1.1 Lease sketch of ML area 06 1.2 10 Km Radius Topo Map 07 1.3 Google Image of the Mine Lease Area 08 1.4 Site Photographs of Mine 09 2.1 Surface cum Geological Map of Mine Lease 14 2.2 Geological Cross Sections 15 2.3 Year Wise Working Plan 21 2.4 Year Wise Working Sections 22 2.5 Conceptual Plan of ML Area 23 3.1 Windrose Diagram 30 3.2 Locations of Ambient Air Quality monitoring stations 33 3.3 Locations of Noise Monitoring stations 38 3.4 Locations of Water Sampling stations 42 3.5 GeomorphologyMap 44 3.6 Drainage map of study area 48 3.7 Ground Water potential map 53 3.8 Satellite image of study area 67 3.9 Land Use/Land Cover map of study area 68 3.10 Locations of soil sampling stations 70 4.1 Isopleth Showing GLC’s – Post Project Scenario 82
ANNEXURES
Annexure – A Ambient Air Quality Data Annexure – B Water Quality Data Annexure – C Soil Quality Data Annexure – D Ecology & Biodiversity Study Annexure – E Demographic Profile of the Study Area Annexure – F Mean Meteorological Data Annexure – G Approved Mining Plan
Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO EXECUTIVE SUMMARY EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ______
For
Proposed Rough Stone & Road Metal Mine Over an Extent of 9.90 Hectares, in Sy. No. 345 of Girmapur Village, Medchal Mandal, Medchal Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
Proposed By SRI M. KOTESWARA RAO Plot No.05, AIR Colony, L.B. Nagar, Hyderabad, Telangana State.
Prepared By ______M/s. GLOBAL ENVIRO LABS (Accredited by Quality Council of India – NABET, New Delhi) 2-2-1075/14/A/1, Tilaknagar “X” Roads, Bagh Amberpet, Hyderabad – 500 013. Ph.: 040-27407969 E.Mail: [email protected]
Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad
Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO EXECUTIVE SUMMARY EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1.0 INTRODUCTION Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO, Lessee proposed Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry in an area of 9.90 Hect. in Survey No. 345 of Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State. In principle of application of quarry lease, notice issued by Dy. Director of Mines and Geology, Hyderabad, Govt. of T.S. for 20 years vide notice no. 3027/QL/MDCL/2019 dated 08.11.2019. Mining Plan was approved by the Deputy Director of Mines and Geology, Hyderabad, Government of Telangana vide Letter No. 3257/QP/MDCL/2019 Dt:26.11.2019 for a period of 5 years. The proposed mine is Fresh mine and production is 419938.20 Cum/Year of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand. The total cost of the project is 25 Lakhs only. As per the Honorable Ministries Notification S.O. 1533, the proposed mine lease area shall obtain Environmental clearance before starting operations. Accordingly, Form-I along with Draft TOR for EIA study and Pre-feasibility report has been submitted to the SEIAA, T.S. vide application No. SIA/TG/MIN/55472/2020 Dt: 11 Aug 2020. Accordingly, TOR has been issued by the SEIAA, T.S. vide letter No. SIA/TG/MIN/55472/2020 dated 27-10-2020.
2.0 DETAILS ABOUT THE MINE The proposed project is for mining of 419938.20 Cum/Year of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand by opencast, semi mechanized by using Drilling and Blasting in 9.90 Ha. in Survey No. 345 of Girmapur Village, Medchal Mandal, Medchal Malkajgiri District, Telangana. The quarry lease applied area is located at the distance of 1.50 Km (aerial distance) due NW of Girmapur village. The Mandal Head Quarters Medchal is located at the distance of 3.00 Km. The quarry lease applied area can be approached from Medchal & Secunderabad via. NH – 44. The quarry lease applied area can be approachable in all seasons.
Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad
Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO EXECUTIVE SUMMARY SALIENT FEATURES OF THE MINE LEASE STUDY AREA
Extent of Mining Lease area 9.90 Hectares Sy.No. 345 District & State Medchal Malkajgiri, Telangana Mandal Medchal Village Girmapur Nature of the Area Govt. land Coordinates 17 38’ 44.70 N- 17 39’ 1.03’’ N 78 26’ 53.70 E-78 27’ 9.6’’ E. Topo Sheet No. 56 K/6, 10 Road Network The Q.L area connected by tar road from Girmapur village at a distance of 1.5 Km. Nearest Habitation Girmapur -1.3 Km (Aerial Distance) Nearest rail head The nearest Railway station is located at Medchal at a distance of 05 km from the applied area. Nearest Airport RGIA, Hyderabad- -102 km Defense Installations Dundigal Air Force Acaddamy-3.4 Km Historic & religious places There are no Historic & religious places with in the 10 Kms radius from the mining area Wildlife Sanctuaries / Bird There are no Wildlife Sanctuaries / Bird Sanctuaries Sanctuaries / National Parks / / National Parks / Elephant corridor / Tiger reserves Elephant corridor / Tiger reserves within 10 Km. radius. Major crops Paddy, Maize, Fodder, Redgram, Cotton, Other food crops Total project cost Rs. 25 Lakhs Present use of land Barren and few mines are there adjacent to this area Intersection of ground water Ground water is at 20m BGL Source of water Ground water Details of water bodies / lakes / water pond (SW)-0.4 Km and few ore first order rivers / nallahs streams and water ponds are there with in 10 kms radius of study area. Nearest reserved forest Dabilipur -50 mtrs and Gudavalli RF, Kanukunta RF and Ellampet RF are there within 10 Kms radius of Study area. Mining Methodology Opencast – fully mechanized mining method Proposed Production 4,19,938.20 M3 Life of the Mine 9.43 Years Mineral Waste Nil
2.1 MINING The Rough Stone, & Road Metal in the quarry lease applied area is exposed on the surface. Hence, it is proposed to quarry the boulders / sheet by other than fully mechanized open cast method, by developing the multiple benches of 6 M height and 6 M width will be developed. Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad
Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The extraction of rock mass from the mother rock will be carried out by drilling, blasting, further, the fragmented rock mass will be subjected to crushing in the crusher for obtaining the required sizes of 40 mm, 20 mm, 10 mm. Reserves Available for Quarrying: Proved Reserves 66,87,327.00 M3 Reserves Blocked under 7.5 M Buffer Zone 6,37,582.00 M3 Reserves Blocked under Safety Slopes 20,88,428.00 M3 Total Reserves Blocked 27,26,010.00 M3 Reserves available for Quarrying 39,61,317.00 M3 Extraction of Market Grade Reserves @ 100% Recovery 39,61,317.00 M3 39,61,317.00 M3 / 4,19,938.20 M3 Life of the Quarry 9.43 OR SAY 9.00 YEARS
3.0 COLLECTION OF BASELINE DATA The data collected for this mining project to know the existing quality of air, water, soil characteristics, flora & fauna, noise levels and socio-economic details of the study area during the Post Monsoon season i.e. for the months of October 2020 to December 2020.
3.1 AIR ENVIRONMENT In order to assess the existing ambient air quality in the study area of 10 km radius of the mine area, a network of 09 ambient air quality stations were selected and samples were collected to analyze for various parameters like PM2.5, PM10, SO2, and NOx concentrations. The sampling stations were selected based on the Topography/ Terrain of the study area, Populated areas, Residential areas etc. The values of ambient air quality of all the monitoring stations for various parameters during the study period (October 2020 to December 2020) will be as following. The maximum value of PM2.5 in the proposed project area is 40 μg/m3, PM10 is 50 3 3 3 μg/m , SO2 is 5.6 μg/m and NOx is 6.7 μg/m . The average value of PM2.5 in the buffer zone in the range of 20-45 μg/m3, PM10 in the 3 3 range of 25.5-53.5 μg/m , SO2 in the range of 4.6-8.4 μg/m and NOx in the range of 5.2- 8.9 μg/m3. The concentrations of various parameters in the air quality of the study area were found to be well within the norms prescribed by NAAQ.
Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad
Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 3.2 NOISE ENVIRONMENT In order o know the baseline noise levels, in and around the Mine site, Noise levels were measured at the Mine complex and also at 7 villages in the study area. The day-night noise levels were monitored at all locations and the maximum noise levels ranging from 52.5 dBA to 60.7 dBA the noise levels recorded at all the stations were found to be less than the standards prescribed.
3.3 WATER ENVIRONMENT In order to assess the Groundwater quality impacts 7 nos of samples were collected. These samples were analyzed for various physical ad chemical and bacteriological parameters to know the potability levels. All the water samples collected shows that the parameters within the drinking water standards specified in IS 10500.
3.4 SOIL ENVIRONMENT 08 nos. of soil samples were collected and analyzed for Physical & Chemical parameters. • All soils under study are neutral in terms of pH. • Soils collected in buffer zone are moderate in nutrient content. • Green belt development in buffer area needs proper amendments with regular addition of nutrients (NPK) and organic fertilizer
3.5 BIOLOGICAL ENVIORONMENT There is no forest area diversion required for the project. The nearby area of project is moderately populated with a number of villages. The fauna in the vicinity of the mine is restricted to few common small species. There will be no impact on fauna due to this mining project. The details of flora and fauna present in the study area were described elaborately in the EIA report.
3.6 SOICIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT There are 34 villages in the study area with 107142 population. All control measure for air emission, Noise control will be taken as per norms. Hence there will not be any impact on population. The detailed description of the Socio-Economic Environment is presented in the EIA report. Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad
Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 4.0 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS 4.1 AIR ENVIRONMENT The impacts on air environment from a mining activity depend on various factors like production capacity, machinery involved, operations and maintenance of various equipments and vehicle. Apart from these, there will be other activities associated viz transportation of mineral and waste, stocking facilities and dump management within the mine lease area that may contribute to pollution. An attempt has been made to predict the incremental rise of various ground level concentrations above the baseline status in respect of air pollution due to proposed maximum production of 419938.20 cum/Year of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand. The mathematical model employed for predictions in the present study is ISCST3 model, which was approved by United States Environmental Protection Agency for mining applications is used for predicting the Ground Level Concentrations (GLC) due to the mining activity. The maximum ground level concentration is estimated to be about 9.55 μg/m3 within the mine area, where mining operations are being carried out. The concentration was found to reduce to a value of less than 3.18 μg/m3 at a distance of about 0.5 km from the mining operations. The impact of mining operations would be negligible beyond 1.0 km. The net concentration of PM10 in the mine area and buffer zone is well within the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). Hence there will not be any adverse impact on air environment due to the proposed mining activity. Air Environments in Core & Buffer Zones – Post Project Scenario μg/m3 BUFFER ZONE Baseline CORE ZONE Predicted Overall Village Name Concentrati Concentration Scenario on (PM10) Baseline Concentration 50 Down wind direction 53 3.18 56.18 PM10 (Max) Predicted 9.55 Girmapur 56 <1.06 57.06 Concentration (Max) Rayalapuram(Railpur) 50 <1.06 51.06 Banda Madhavaram 39 <1.06 40.06 Overall Scenario 59.55 Srirangavram 36 <1.06 37.06 Lingapur 30 <1.06 31.06 Dabilpur 51 <1.06 52.06 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad
Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Medchal(Near 58 <1.06 59.06 Nishapark) Specified NAAQ 100 Specified NAAQ limit for Residential area 100 limit
4.2 WATER ENVIRONMENT The mining operation will be maximum of 06 m depth. The ground water table is at 16- 30 m below General ground level and mine workings are proposed on higher and will not affect water regime. Hence there will not be any intersect of mining operation with ground water table. Hence there will not be impact on ground water quality due to mining operations. The mining process will not divert and utilize the surface & ground water. Quantity of water will remain the same. The existing background level of water quality as indicated by the baseline data revealed that impact on water environment will be insignificant in this project. Water samples collected from bore wells located in the buffer zone have indicted that the ground water is free form heavy metal concentration and after implementation proposed mining activity will not interference on the water quality. Water Consumption & Wastewater Generation The water requirement for this mining activity will be 15 KLD. Breakup details are: Dust suppression purpose: 08 KLD, Domestic purpose: 03 KLD, Greenbelt purpose: 04 KLD There is no generation & discharge of wastewater from this mine.
4.3 NOISE ENVIRONMENT The ambient noise levels in the mine area will be in with in stipulated standards. Hence, there will not be any adverse impact on noise environment due to the proposed mining activity.
4.4 LAND ENVIRONMENT RECLAMATION Reclamation of the pit by backfilling is not possible, as no waste will be generated during the mining operations. Progressive trenching and embankment by safety bunding will be taken up. As a measure of protection 2m corridor all along the lease corridor a protection bund will be raised, a safety pit will be excavated with 1.5m width and one meter depth Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad
Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO EXECUTIVE SUMMARY will be excavated to avoid the trespassing of the human and cattle / wild life into the lease hold area. Overburden Dump: The overburden waste generated will be dumped in temporary dump in the SSW of the quarry lease applied area covering an area of 10,950 M2 with an average height of 20 M between the grids N 1952800 – 1952950 & E 229250 – 229500. Waste Management Plan: No waste generation is anticipated. In the event of any soil/ gravel is encountered. The soil will be spread in the 7.5 M buffer zone for raising the plantation. The Gravel if any recovered will be stacked separately will be disposed with permission of Government.
4.5 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT The mine lease area or the core zone is a wasteland and unsuitable for cultivation or plantations and hence is not under any use. This site is surrounded by similar mines. There are no wildlife Sanctuaries or National Parks or Biodiversity Reserves or migratory corridors of Elephants or Tigers or Important Bird Areas (IBAs) or Ramsar Wetlands. Topographically, most part of the mine lease is a rocky terrain with uneven topography. It is scarcely covered by a few invasive weeds, shrubs and thorny bushes between the broken rocks.
4.6 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT Mining in this lease will give job opportunities to the local people. Thus, mining will create beneficial effect on local people. With the operation of mining lease, various indirect employment opportunities will also be generated. Several persons of the neighboring villages have been benefited with contract works, employment through contractors, running jeeps, trucks, tractors and buses on hire, running canteens, different kinds of shops and transport related business avenues. Villagers have been provided with either direct employment or indirect employment such as business, contract works and development work like roads etc. Villagers also get access to the other welfare amenities such as drinking water, foods and provisions, shed Etc.
Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad
Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 5.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN The major objective and benefit of utilizing EIA in mining initial stage itself is to prevent avoidable losses of environmental resources and values as a result of well-planned EMP. Environmental Management Plan includes protection/mitigation/enhancement measures as well as suggestions for the post project-monitoring programme to implemented by the project proponent. 5.1 AIR ENVIRONMENT Dust is the major pollutant generated from the mining operations. Dust would be generated during mining, handling and transportation of the material. The environmental control measures, which are being taken and proposed to control the fugitive dust released during the mineral production are given below: MINES ❖ Regular water spray will be provided to the working areas and over the haulage roads ❖ Dust makers will be provided to the workers working in the specified dust generating areas ❖ Excavation operations are proposed to be suspended during periods of very strong winds ❖ Plantation of wide leaf trees and tall grass along approach roads and on safety barrier zones will be done to help suppress the dust HAULAGE ❖ All haul roads will be maintained regularly ❖ Water will be sprayed daily on the roads by using water tankers ❖ Avoiding over filling of tippers and consequent spillage on the roads ❖ Ore carrying trucks will be effectively covered by tarpaulin to avoid escape of fines to the atmosphere ❖ Air quality will be regularly monitored both in the core zone and the buffer zone Measures to minimize dust pollution: The dust anticipated during dry seasons due to haulage will be suppressed by sprinkling water. For this purpose, tractor mounted sprinkler will be deployed. The dust generated during mining operations will be suppressed by covering the drill rods by gunny cloth and dust extractors will also be deployed.
Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad
Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO EXECUTIVE SUMMARY VIBRATIONS AND FLY ROCKS CONTROL MEASURES: The blasting operations will be carried out by drilling and blasting. The measures for abatement of ground vibration, air blast and fly rocks are detailed below: • Blasting will be performed strictly as per the guidelines specified under MMR, 1961. • Proper design of blast with correct spacing, burden & optimum charge / delay • Supervision of drilling and blasting operations to ensure blast design geometry as per planning • Sub-drilling will be kept adequate to eliminate toe formation • Supervision of drilling and blasting operations to ensure blast design geometry • Sub-drilling will be kept just adequate to tear-off the bench bottom • Blasting operations will be carried out only during day time as per DGMS guidelines. • Proper warning signals will be used • Adequate safe distance from habitation as per standards from centre of blasting will be maintained. • Drilling parameters like overburden, depth, diameter and spacing will be properly designed to ensure proper blast. • Effective stemming of the explosives will be done in the drill holes. 5.2 WATER ENVIRONMENT There will be no impact due to the proposed quarrying on the water environment and the water flow pattern does not disturb the turbidity and velocity, hence no mitigation measures are suggested.
5.3 NOISE ENVIRONMENT The ambient noise level monitoring carried out in and around the proposed mine shows that ambient noise levels are well within the stipulated limits of CPCB. In an operational mine major noise sources are plying vehicles. Noise generation may be for an instant, intermittent or continuous period, with low to high decibels. • Limit the speed of haulage vehicles/tippers • Proper maintenance of noise generating parts of the machine • Provision of barrier to the screening plant Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad
Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO EXECUTIVE SUMMARY • Provision of earmuffs to workers as a measure to protect their ears • Thick plantation in and around the mine and the screening plant • Proper gradient of haul roads to reduce cumulative noise levels • To carry out noise surveys during different seasons at the mine
5.4 LAND ENVIRONMENT 5.4.1 Waste Management: The waste generated is negligible during development and production. 5.4.2 Topsoil Management: Soil present as a thin mantle of 0.01 – 0.05cm thickness over the mineral and it will be utilized for greenbelt purpose. Hence, no top soil management is warranted.
5.5 AFFORESTATION PLAN Under plantation program, it is suggested to develop green belt all along the boundary of mine lease area. The species to be grown in the areas will be dust tolerant and fast- growing species so that a permanent green belt is created. The greenbelt will be in accordance with the CPCB guidelines. Implementation of Plan for progressive greenbelt development and afforestation is a real challenge since there is no soil and the mine site in the present form cannot support high density plantations. An area of 3.3 Ha shall be brought under plantations at a cost of Rs. 9,00,000. Total number of trees proposed to be grown is 2,700 with a survival rate of about 333.
5.6 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH & SAFETY • Providing a working environment that is conducive to safety & health • The management of occupational safety & health is the prime responsibility of mine management from the executive level to the first line supervisory level • Employee involvement and commitment in the implementation of health and safety guidelines • Provision of all necessary resources. • Implementing safety and health management system and assessing the effectiveness through periodic audits.
Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad
Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO EXECUTIVE SUMMARY • Setting of safety and health objectives based on comprehensive strategic plans and measure performance against these plans. • Monitoring the effects of mining activities on safety and health and conducting regular performance reviews. • Provision of necessary personal protective equipment’s. • Establishing and maintaining a system of medical surveillance for employees. • Ensuring employees at all levels receive appropriate training and are competent to carry out their duties and responsibilities. EMP Budget: The capital cost for environmental protection and the recurring expenses towards the pollution control and environmental management measures, socio-economic development and occupational health and safety, etc Total proposed Capital Cost of EMP budget is Rupees 15.35 Lakhs and Recurring cost is Rupees 11.43 Lakhs. Mining will be done with the vision of leaving the positive impact on socio- economics of people living in the nearby villages. The villages in the buffer zone depend upon agriculture. Mining operations in the subject area have positive impact by providing job opportunities.
5.7 IMPLEMENTATION OF EMP & MONITORING PROGRAMME The lessee will ensure the implementation of the measures within the mine area and carryout efficient monitoring. In order to implement the measures suggested for mitigating the adverse impacts on the environment, it is suggested to monitor the environmental parameters regularly.
5.8 CONCLUSION The mine is proposed for maximum production of 419938.20 cum/Year of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand. The mine shall be worked, fulfilling all statutory obligations as prescribed by DMG, DGMS, MoEF and TSPCB. The proposals are submitted to TSPCB for conducting public hearing for obtaining Environmental clearance from SEIAA, Telangana. .
Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad
Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
1. INTRODUCTION
1.0. PREAMBLE Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO, Lessee proposed Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry in an area of 9.90 Hect. in Survey No. 345 of Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State. In principle of application of quarry lease, notice issued by Dy. Director of Mines and Geology, Hyderabad, Govt. of T.S. for 20 years vide notice no. 3027/QL/MDCL/2019 dated 08.11.2019. Mining Plan was approved by the Deputy Director of Mines and Geology, Hyderabad, Government of Telangana vide Letter No. 3257/QP/MDCL/2019 Dt:26.11.2019 for a period of 5 years. The proposed mine is Fresh mine and production is 419938.20 Cum/Year of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand. The total cost of the project is 25 Lakhs only. As per the Honorable Ministries Notification S.O. 1533, the proposed mine lease area shall obtain Environmental clearance before starting operations. Accordingly, Form-I along with Draft TOR for EIA study and Pre-feasibility report has been submitted to the SEIAA, T.S. vide application No. SIA/TG/MIN/55472/2020 Dt: 11 Aug 2020. Accordingly, TOR has been issued by the SEIAA, T.S. vide letter No. SIA/TG/MIN/55472/2020 dated 27-10-2020. This report furnishes the details of location of Site, Description of the project, prevailing baseline status w.r.t Air Environment, Water Environment, Noise Environment, Land Environment, Biological Environment and Socio-economic Environment. This report also helps in identification of environmental impacts and suggesting mitigation measures to be followed during Operation of the project as part of Environmental Management Plan. This report also acts as guidance manual for the proponent for following the Environmental Management Plan (EMP) and for adopting post project Environmental Monitoring Program as per statutory norms.
1 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
Cluster Area: Assistant Director of Mines & Geology, Medchal-Malkajgiri District has issued a letter vide Letter No. 3554/S/2005 Dt:23.12.2019 and as per the ADMG, Medchal-Malkajgiri District within the 500 mtrs from the mine lease boundary there are 06 Leases are there, details are given below Table. The Cluster is given along with the Approved Mine Plan. ADM&G, DDM&G, Hyd Hyd/ Lease S. Name of Location & Extent grant Medchal Period up Remarks No. the Lessee Extent In Hectares Procgs. No. Procgs. No. & to Date Sy.No.345 of M/s. Rock Girmapur Vg., 13.406 5183/Q-I(1)/2005, 3851/S/2004, EC not 1. Sand Minerals Medchal Mdl., 16-01-2021 Hectares Dt.25.10.2005. Dt.17.01.2006 available Pvt Ltd Medchal-Malkajgiri District
Sy.No.345 of Girmapur Vg., M/s. Robo 2.023 5991/TQL/Hyd/2010, 36/S/2010, EC not 2. Medchal Mdl., 26.03.2025 Silicon Pvt Ltd Hectares Dt.28.09.2010 Dt.29.03.2010 available Medchal-Malkajgiri District
Sy.No.345 of Girmapur Vg., M/s. Robo 2.00 1198/TQL/Hyd/2010, 1835/S/2010, EC not 3. Medchal Mdl., 26.02.2013 Silicon Pvt Ltd Hectares Dt.08.03.2010 Dt.27.03.1998 available Medchal-Malkajgiri District Sy.No.345 of Girmapur Vg., 5183/Q- M/s. Robo 5.26 1387/S/2005, EC not 4. Medchal Mdl., I(1)/2005,Dt.08.03. 26.10.2020 Silicon Pvt Ltd Hectares Dt.27.10.2005 available Medchal-Malkajgiri 2005 District Sy.No.345 of Girmapur Vg., 5183/Q- M/s. Robo 4.047 1389/S/2005, EC not 5. Medchal Mdl., I(1)/2004,Dt.24.10. 26.10.2020 Silicon Pvt Ltd Hectares Dt.27.10.2005 available Medchal-Malkajgiri 2005 District Sy.No.345 of M/s. Girmapur Vg., 7653/S/2007, Raghavendra 2.023 7653/S/2007, EC not 6. Medchal Mdl., I(1)/2008,Dt.11.04. 13.05.2023 Metal Hectares Dt.14.05.2008 available Medchal-Malkajgiri 2008 Industries, District Total Extent of Cluster Area 28.759 Ha.
2 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
1.1 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT & PROJECT PROPONENT: The applicant Sri M. Koteswara Rao having good experience in mining business and he is resident of Plot No. 5, Gandhipet, AIR Colony, L.B.Nagar, Hyderabad, Telangana State. Having come to know the availability of Rough Stone & Road Metal Sand in in Survey No. Survey No. 345 Girmapur Village, Medchal Mandal, Medchal Malkajgiri District, Telangana State and they have applied for mining lease. The mineral is having good quality and easily poundable by (it is economically highly feasible). They have examined the area thoroughly and then satisfied themselves with the quality and quantity of the mineral available in the area. The Director of Mines and Geology have recommended for sanction of mining lease in their favour i.e Sri M. Koteswara Rao. Environment Policy: Resolution: On this 1st day of October, 2020 the Lessee has taken a decision on Environment policy of the mine. Sri M. Koteswara Rao is committed to operate the 9.90 Ha. ML Area in Survey No. 345 of Girmapur Village, Medchal Mandal, Medchal Malkajgiri District, Telangana with the following objectives. • To produce Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand strictly complying with all the Environmental regulations. • Strict monitoring and compliance of the conditions stipulated in Environmental clearance. • Strict monitoring and compliance of the conditions stipulated in Consent for Establishment issued by TSPCB &Ensuring Implementation and regular operation of air emission control measures such as water sprinklers, etc. • Periodical monitoring of all environmental parameters such as Ambient air quality, water quality, noise levels, soil quality, etc. and submission of the same to statutory authorities periodically. • Maintaining good housekeeping practices • Development of greenbelt as per norms.
3 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
• The compliance of the EC conditions / TSPCB norms will be reported to the Lessee periodically. • Compliance to Environment Protection Act & Rules & Compliance to Mines Acts & Rules • No Environmental violations will be carried out. Hierarchy to implement Environment Policy: An Environmental Engineer will be appointed to look after all environmental issues and ensure compliance with Environmental Clearance conditions / TSPCB norms and will report to Mines Manager who will report to Lessee. Subsequently it will be discussed in the meeting and it will be made aware of the Environmental Policy and compliance on Environmental Clearance / TSPCB norms to Lessee. The following will be the organization chart pertaining to Environment Policy.
Lessee
Mines M anager
Environmental Engineer 1.2 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PROPOSED MINING ACTIVITY: 1.2.1 Nature: This proposal involves mining of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand. The quarry lease applied area is located on a plain land raised 13 M above ground level within the quarry applied area with topo relief in West direction. The lowest contour is 613 M and highest contours is 626 M in topo plan. 1.2.2 Size of the Project: Sri M. Koteswara Rao has proposed to undertake mining activity over a Mining lease area of 9.90 Ha. with proposed production @ 4,19,938.20 cum/Year of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand. 1.2.3 LOCATION OF THE MINE: The proposed mining will be taken up in Survey No.345 of Girmapur Village, Medchal Mandal, Medchal Malkajgiri District, Telangana in a ML area of 9.90 Ha. The following environmental factors of the location of the mine area.
4 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
SALIENT FEATURES OF THE STUDY AREA- Table 1.1 Extent of Mining Lease area 9.90 Hectares Sy.No. 345 District & State Medchal Malkajgiri, Telangana Mandal Medchal Village Girmapur Nature of the Area Govt. land Coordinates 17 38’ 44.70 N- 17 39’ 1.03’’ N 78 26’ 53.70 E-78 27’ 9.6’’ E. Topo Sheet No. 56 K/6, 10 Road Network The Q.L area connected by tar road from Girmapur village at a distance of 1.5 Km. Nearest Habitation Girmapur -1.3 Km (Aerial Distance) Nearest rail head The nearest Railway station is located at Medchal at a distance of 05 km from the applied area. Nearest Airport RGIA, Hyderabad- -102 km Defense Installations Dundigal Air Force Acaddamy-3.4 Km Historic & religious places There are no Historic & religious places with in the 10 Kms radius from the mining area Wildlife Sanctuaries / Bird There are no Wildlife Sanctuaries / Bird Sanctuaries Sanctuaries / National Parks / / National Parks / Elephant corridor / Tiger reserves Elephant corridor / Tiger reserves within 10 Km. radius. Major crops Paddy, Maize, Fodder, Redgram, Cotton, Other food crops Total project cost Rs. 25 Lakhs Present use of land Barren and few mines are there adjacent to this area Intersection of ground water Ground water is at 20m BGL Source of water Ground water Details of water bodies / lakes / water pond (SW)-0.4 Km and few ore first order rivers / nallahs streams and water ponds are there with in 10 kms radius of study area. Nearest reserved forest Dabilipur -50 mtrs and Gudavalli RF, Kanukunta RF and Ellampet RF are there within 10 Kms radius of Study area. Mining Methodology Opencast – fully mechanized mining method Proposed Production 4,19,938.20 M3 Life of the Mine 9.43 Years Mineral Waste Nil The lease sketch of ML area is shown in Fig.1.1. The photographs of the ML area are shown in Fig. 1.2. The topographical map showing the location of the mine area is shown in Fig. 1.3
5 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State. Fig.1.1 Lease Sketch of Mining Lease area
6 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
Fig.1.2- 10 Km Radius Topo Map
7 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
Fig.1.3 -Google Image of the Mine Lease Area
8 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State. Site Photographs of the Mine Lease area
9 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
1.2.4 IMPORTANCE OF PROJECT: The proposed project is to mine the Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand, present in 9.90 Ha. of land in Survey No. 345 of Girmapur Village, Medchal Mandal, Medchal Malkajgiri District, Telangana. The Mining method is opencast, semi mechanized method by using Drilling and Blasting. Benefit to the region: With the establishment of the proposed mining activity, there will be employment opportunities to the local people during operation of the mining. Priority will be given to locals in employment. There will be upliftment of the socio-economic status of the people in the area due to the proposed project. In the light of the above scenario Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO is proposed to Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand mining at Survey No. 345 of Girmapur Village, Medchal Mandal, Medchal Malkajgiri District, Telangana.
1.3. SCOPE OF THE STUDY: The scope of work includes a detailed characterization of the environment in an area of 10 Km. radius of the Mine Lease Area for various environmental parameters like Air, Water, Noise, Land, Biological and Social-economic aspects. This Draft EIA Report is prepared in accordance with the Terms of Reference issued vide No. Lr. No: SIA/TG/MIN/55472/2020 dated 27-10-2020 by the Honorable SEIAA, T.S.
10 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION
2.1 TYPE OF THE PROJECT: The proposed project is for mining of 419938.20 Cum/Year of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand by opencast, semi mechanized by using Drilling and Blasting in 9.90 Ha. in Survey No. 345 of Girmapur Village, Medchal Mandal, Medchal Malkajgiri District, Telangana.
2.2 LOCATION: The proposed mining activity in the ML area, located at Survey No. 345 of Girmapur Village, Medchal Mandal, Medchal Malkajgiri District, Telangana. Ownership of the Land use the mine lease area is Govt. land.
District/State Mandal Village Survey No. Area Medchal Malkajgiri (T.S.) Medchal Girmapur 345 9.90 Ha.
2.3 SIZE / MAGNITUDE OF OPERATION: Sri M.Koteswara Rao has proposed to undertake mining activity over a Mining lease area of 9.90 Ha. with proposed maximum production of 119475 TPA. S.NO. Product Production Capacity 1. Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand 4,19,938.20 Cum/Year
The Mining Lease area of 9.90 Ha. Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Mine of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO, located in Sy.No. 345 of Girmapur Village, Medchal Mandal, Medchal Malkajgiri District, Telangana State. In principle of application of quarry lease, notice issued by Dy. Director of Mines and Geology, Hyderabad, Govt. of T.S. for 20 years vide notice no. 3027/QL/MDCL/2019 dated 08.11.2019. Mining Plan was approved by the Deputy Director of Mines and Geology, Hyderabad, Government of Telangana vide Letter No. 3257/QP/MDCL/2019 Dt:26.11.2019.
11 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
2.4 PROPOSED SCHEDULE FOR APPROVAL AND IMPLEMENTATION: Excavation with proposed capacities will be taken up after obtaining Environmental Clearance from SEIAA, T.S. & CFE& CFO from TSPCB.
2.5 TECHNOLOGY AND PROCESS DESCRIPTION: 2.5.1 NUMBER OF TRUCKS: 139 No’s of Tippers per day (Truck capacity 10Tons) will be required to transport Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand to outside agencies. All the trucks will be covered with tarpaulins. The existing road is capable of absorbing this additional truck movement.
2.6. GEOLOGY AND EXPLORATION: 2.6.1 TOPOGRAPHY: The quarry lease applied area is located on a plain land steeply sloping on all sides rising 13 M above ground level. within the quarry applied area with topo relief in West direction. The lowest contour is 613 M and highest contour is 626 M in topo plan. The quarry lease applied area is surrounded by numerous water bodies. Drainage pattern: The drainage pattern of the proposed Lease area is dendritic in nature. No perennial streams observed in the area. The drainage network is due SW and SE. Vegetation: The proposed Lease area occupied by grazing grass with small shrubs.
2.6.2 REGIONAL GEOLOGY: The quarry lease applied area constitutes a part of Granite and Granitic Gneissic terrain of Archean age. Pink and Grey Coloured Granites, Pink Alkali – Feldspar Granites are the important litho units in the area. Grano – Diorites with basic enclaves of Supra – Crystals like Hornblende Schists, Biotite Schists also occupy the area. These rock types exhibiting various landforms like Domes, Inselbergs, Castle – Koppies, Whalebacks and Linear Ridges.
12 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
The geological succession of the area as worked out by GSI (1991) is as follows: RECENT ALLUVIUM / SOIL COVER Quartz Veins, Pegmatites Dolerites, Gabbro, Pyroxenite Dykes Fine Grained Pink Alkali Feldspar Granite, Younger Medium to Coarse Grained Pink Alkali Feldspar Granite Granite with Mega Crysts of K-Feldspar, very coarse-grained Pink Alkali Feldspar Granite Medium to Coarse Grained Pink Granite Migmatite II Fine grained Grey Alkali Feldspar Precambrian Granitiod – Granite Medium to Coarse Grained Grey Alkali Migmatite Complex Feldspar Granite Very Coarse – Grained Grey Alkali Feldspar Granite Migmatite I Grano – Diorite
Pink Alkali Feldspar is the most dominant rock type in the area with variations in grain size, scattered out crops of Migmatites containing Neosomes of medium to Coarse – Grained Grey Alkali Feldspar Granites occurs at many places. A number of Quartz, Grey and Pink Pegmatites and Epidote Veins Criss crossing the host rock. Basic dykes of Dolerite, Gabbro & Pyroxenitic Composition traverse the granites in NW-SE, NNW- SSE, E-W & NE-SW directions. Thin veneer of alluvium is found limited to streams. 2.6.3 LOCAL GEOLOGY: Entire quarry lease applied area is covered with Rough Stone & Road Metal which is rising up to 13 M above ground level trending NE – SE, the strike length of the body measured 420 M in the area with an average width of 235 M. The quarry lease applied area is part of pediment inselberg complex covered by sheet. The rock in the quarry lease applied area is peninsular gneissic rock of Archean age and it is medium to coarse grained texture which is light gray in colour, compact, brittle in nature and is consisting of Quartz and Feldspars as essential minerals (Felsic minerals) and other muscovite, biotite etc., are accessories minerals (Mafic minerals) and other muscovite, biotite etc., are accessories minerals (Mafic minerals) and it is trending in North East and South West direction. The Rough Stone & Road Metal can be extracted from the rock available in the quarry lease applied area which is useful in civil construction purposes. 13 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
Fig.2.1 Surface cum Geological Map of Mine Lease Area
14 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
Fig.2.2 Geological Cross Sections
15 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
2.6.4 EXPLORATION: No mining is carried out in this area as the subject area is applied for grant of quarry lease. Exploration was not carried out. Reserves were estimated by observing the geology of the surrounding operating mines and surface Geological plan of ML area is shown in Fig.2.2. 2.6.5 RESERVES: The Geometry of the Deposit Geological traverses in the quarry and the study exposures in the vicinity of quarries facilitated to access the shape and size of the deposit in the area. the surface of sheet rock is wavy and irregular. Method of Estimation of Reserves The deposit is found to be irregular in shape. Hence cross-sectional method adopted for Estimation of Geological Reserves. 6 Sections A-A1 to F-F1 were drawn at equal distance perpendicular to the strike direction of the formation to estimate the reserves. The cross sections were drawn perpendicular to the strike direction, the cross-sectional area of the individual sections is calculated to arrive at sectional area, the area thus arrived is multiplied by the sectional influence of 70 M (average) to arrive the volume of Rough Stone & Road Metal. Categorization of Reserves The exposed outcrops and the reserves up to 63 M below the surface are considered under Proved Category of Reserves (up to RL 550 M) Hence, only G1 (Proved) scale category as (111) code is calculated. No resources are considered under G2 & G3 (Probable & Possible) scale of exploration. As per UNFC guidelines the G3 (333) (Possible) category are not considered as they are not mineable unless proved by exploration on the continuation of the deposit. The Ultimate Pit Limit (UPL) is fixed at RL 550 M. No workings are proposed below RL 550 M.
16 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
Total Geological Reserves Category Sectional Sectional Volume Sections & Area Influence UNFC Code (M2) (M) (M3) A-A1 13,218.00 88.00 11,63,184.00 B-B1 13,060.00 70.00 9,14,200.00 C-C1 Proved 11,900.00 70.00 8,33,000.00 D-D1 (111) 10,215.00 70.00 7,15,050.00 E-E1 15,132.00 70.00 10,59,240.00 F-F1 23,019.00 87.00 20,02,653.00 TOTAL 66,87,327.00
Reserves in UNFC Code Reserves in S.No. Category & Reserves UNFC Code Reserves in M3 Million M3 1 Proved 111 66,87,327.00 6.687 2 Probable 122 Nil Nil 3 Possible 333 Nil Nil
Reserves Blocked Under 7.5 M Buffer Zone: Category Sectional Sectional Volume Sections & Area Influence UNFC Code (M2) (M) (M3) A-A1 1,048.00 88.00 92,224.00 B-B1 1,030.00 70.00 72,100.00 C-C1 Proved 1,214.00 70.00 84,980.00 D-D1 (221) 1,188.00 70.00 83,160.00 E-E1 1,197.00 70.00 83,790.00 F-F1 2,544.00 87.00 2,21,328.00 TOTAL BLOCKED 6,37,582.00
Reserves Blocked Under Safety Slopes Category Sectional Sectional Volume Sections & Area Influence UNFC Code (M2) (M) (M3) A-A1 5,364.00 88.00 4,72,032.00 B-B1 4,902.00 70.00 3,43,140.00 C-C1 Proved 4,623.00 70.00 3,23,610.00 D-D1 (221) 4,204.00 70.00 2,94,280.00 E-E1 4,120.00 70.00 2,88,400.00 F-F1 4,218.00 87.00 3,66,966.00 TOTAL BLOCKED 20,88,428.00
17 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
2.6.6 Total Mineable Reserves: Extraction of Market Grade Reserves: Considering the recovery of Rough Stone & Road Metal is 100%. No waste is anticipated to be generated. Reserves Available for Quarrying: Proved Reserves 66,87,327.00 M3 Reserves Blocked under 7.5 M Buffer Zone 6,37,582.00 M3 Reserves Blocked under Safety Slopes 20,88,428.00 M3 Total Reserves Blocked 27,26,010.00 M3 Reserves available for Quarrying 39,61,317.00 M3 Extraction of Market Grade Reserves @ 100% Recovery 39,61,317.00 M3 39,61,317.00 M3 / 4,19,938.20 M3 Life of the Quarry 9.43 OR SAY 9.00 YEARS
Total Life of the Quarry Proved = 9.00 Years Economic Marketable Reserves: The Rough Stone & Road Metal is having good market for construction and road formation. Year Wise Production for First Five Years for Rough Stone & Road Metal:
Sectional Sectional Area Volume Year Sections Litho – Unit Influence (M2) (M) (M3) 1st A-A1 Soil Overburden 873.00 88.00 76,824.00 RS & RM 1,777.00 88.00 1,56,376.00 B-B1 Soil Overburden 886.00 70.00 62,020.00 RS & RM 1,513.00 70.00 1,05,910.00 C-C1 Soil Overburden 815.00 70.00 57,050.00 RS & RM 1,056.00 70.00 73,920.00 D-D1 Soil Overburden 697.00 70.00 48,790.00 RS & RM 796.00 70.00 55,720.00 E-E1 Soil Overburden 750.00 87.00 65,250.00 RS & RM 848.00 87.00 73,776.00 TOTAL 10,011.00 7,75,636.00 2nd A-A1 RS & RM 1,120.00 88.00 98,560.00 B-B1 RS & RM 1,164.00 70.00 81,480.00 C-C1 RS & RM 1,080.00 70.00 75,600.00 D-D1 RS & RM 917.00 70.00 64,190.00 E-E1 RS & RM 1,016.00 87.00 88,392.00 TOTAL 5,297.00 4,08,222.00 3rd A-A1 RS & RM 1,107.00 88.00 97,416.00
18 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
B-B1 RS & RM 1,153.00 70.00 80,710.00 C-C1 RS & RM 1,071.00 70.00 74,970.00 D-D1 RS & RM 881.00 70.00 81,670.00 E-E1 RS & RM 987.00 87.00 85,869.00 TOTAL 5,199.00 4,00,635.00 4th A-A1 RS & RM 1,151.00 88.00 1,01,288.00 B-B1 RS & RM 1,210.00 70.00 84,700.00 C-C1 RS & RM 1,096.00 70.00 76,720.00 D-D1 RS & RM 866.00 70.00 60,620.00 E-E1 RS & RM 1,003.00 87.00 87,261.00 TOTAL 5,326.00 4,10,589.00 5th A-A1 RS & RM 1,160.00 88.00 1,02,080.00 B-B1 RS & RM 1,236.00 70.00 86,520.00 C-C1 RS & RM 1,081.00 70.00 75,670.00 D-D1 RS & RM 843.00 70.00 59,010.00 E-E1 RS & RM 1,049.00 87.00 91,263.00 TOTAL 5,369.00 4,14,543.00 GRAND TOTAL OF 5 YEARS 31,202.00 24,09,625.00 (SOIL, RS & RM) GRAND TOTAL OF 5 YEARS (RS & RM) 27,181.00 20,99,691.00 AVERAGE OF 5 YEARS (RS & RM) 5,436.200 4,19,938.20
2.6.7 MINING METHODOLOGY: (Open Cast Other Than Fully Mechanized / Semi Mechanized): The Rough Stone, & Road Metal in the quarry lease applied area is exposed on the surface. Hence, it is proposed to quarry the boulders / sheet by other than fully mechanized open cast method, by developing the multiple benches of 6 M height and 6 M width will be developed. The extraction of rock mass from the mother rock will be carried out by drilling, blasting, further, the fragmented rock mass will be subjected to crushing in the crusher for obtaining the required sizes of 40 mm, 20 mm, 10 mm. Beneficiation (if required): No beneficiation is required. Drilling: Drilling is accomplished by wagon drill machine capable of drilling, blast hole of 115 mm dia. The holes are drilled in staggered pattern with 15o inclinations from vertical. Loading: The blasted mineral is loaded by Hydraulic excavator directly into tippers. Hauling: The haulage from the quarry pit to crusher will be carried out with tippers of 10 T capacity.
19 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
Water sprinkling on haul road will be done with water tanker provided with sprinkler arrangement to suppress the air borne dust during transportation. Drilling and Blasting: Multi Row Firing Patterns
Dia 115 mm hammer drilling will be employed for blasting holes in staggered pattern of 2.5 x 3 m with depth of 6 to 8 m. Each blast holed with yield 46.88 M3. Proposed Production Per Annum : 4,65,702.00 M3 (Maximum Production) Proposed Production Per Day : 1,552.34 M3 (@ 300 working day per year) Drilling Machine required with 115 mm drill rods Bench Height : 6.00 M Spacing : 3.00 M Burden : 2.50 M Depth of Drilling : 6.60 M Yield per meter of drilling : 3.00 x 2.50 x 6.00 : 45.00 M3 : 45.00 M3 / 6.00 M = 7.50 M3 Rate of drilling : 15 m per hour Drilling capacity per day with effective 6 hours : 15 x 6 = 90 m Rate of production per day : 270 M3 Requirement of drilling per day for 1,552.34 M3 : 1,552.34 M3 / 7.50 M3 : 5.75 Or Say 6.00 No. of meters required : 1,552.34 M3 / 7.50 M3 : 206.98 Mtrs No. of Machines required per day : 206.98 / 90 = 2.29 considering 80% availability Or Say 2 Machines
20 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
Fig.2.3 Year Wise Working Plan Sections
21 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
Fig.2.4 Year Wise Working Sections Sections
22 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
Fig.2.5 Conceptual Plan of ML Area
23 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
2.6.8 MACHINERY: For operation of proposed mine lease area below list of machinery’s are proposed. Excavator 3 No’s Drilling Machines 3 No’s Rock Breakers 3 No’s Loaders 2 No. Tippers 8 No’s
PROGRESSIVE RECLAMATION PLAN: Topsoil Management: Soil present as a thin mantle of 0.01 – 0.05cm thickness over the mineral and it will be utilized for greenbelt purpose. Hence, no top soil management is warranted. Tailings Dam Management: No Tailings Dam required.
Acid Mine Drainage and Mitigation Measures: No chemicals are involved in the extraction or processing of the ore, hence there is no danger of acid mine drainage.
Surface Subsidence Mitigation Measures: The ground surface in and around mining lease is stable. Internal roads are well compacted to avoid any skidding of vehicles. The benches and ramp ways will be well built and maintained to avoid any kind of subsidence or skidding.
Existing Land Use Pattern: The proposed Quarry Lease area is a Govt. Land surrounded by waste lands. An area of about 40543 m2 will be excavated to win the mineral. Area In Hectares To be broken Mine Area 4.26 7.5 m wide safety zone 1.28 Infrastructure (Site Service) 0.18 Dumps 2.57 Green Belt 0.075 Mineral Stacking 1.66 Total area 9.90 Ha
24 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
Impact of land use due to mining activity: • Present land use of the Mine lease area is Govt. land. • Now it is proposed to mine Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand by opencast semi mechanized by using wire saw cutting. • Extraction of mineral will not be completed in first five years as working will be in progress for further extraction of mineral. Therefore, reclamation of the mined- out area is not proposed. • But greenbelt will be developed in buffer area. • Waste generated from mine will be stored in ML area only with protection measures. • The mined-out pits will be utilized for rain water harvesting. Crusher: Crusher is proposed in the South of the quarry lease applied area covering an area of 7,500 M2 between the grids N 1952850 – 1953000 & E 229500 – 229600.
2.8 USE OF MINERALS: Use of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand: Granite is used in buildings, bridges, paving, monuments, and many other exterior projects. Indoors, polished granite slabs and tiles are used in countertops, tile floors, stair treads and many other design elements. Granite is a prestige material, used in projects to produce impressions of elegance and quality.
2.9 SITE SERVICES: For site services an office, first aid and rest shed will be provided in the lease area, on Western side of the area. Drinking water has been provided to all workers. Office cum store room will be provided with first aid room. Safety measures like helmets, safety shoes etc. will be provided to all the workers. A bus shuttles will be provided from mine to the district head quarter for medical checkup, apart from regular visits by the doctors to the mine site.
25 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
2.10 ENVIRONMENTAL MITIGATION MEASURES: 1. Air Emission: The air emission of concern from this mining activity will be dust generation. The following measures will be undertaken to control dust. • Applying water for dust suppression on mine haul roads. • Regular Compaction & grading of haul roads and service roads to clear accumulation of loose material. • Compaction & gradation on both sides of Haul Roads. • Controlling speed of dumpers / trucks. • Avoid overloading of dumpers and consequent spillage on the roads. • Good maintenance of vehicles & machinery. • Good housekeeping at the mining, loading will be practiced. 2. Water Pollution: No waste water generation from proposed mining activity. Only waste water generation will be sanitary waste water, which will be treated in septic tank followed by soak pit. Garland drains will be constructed to collect the runoff from the area and will enter into settling tank. Clear water will be used for dust suppression. 3. Noise Pollution: Only source of noise generation will be due to mining activities, drilling and movement of trucks & The machinery will be maintained properly to reduce the noise. • The protective noise reducing gear like earmuffs, the company will provide earplugs & Proper maintenance of equipment • The Ambient noise levels will be within the standards stipulated by MoEF i.e. less than 75 dBA during day time and less than 70 dBA during night time. The following measures will help in further reducing the noise levels. • Proper and regular maintenance of vehicles and other equipment. • Speed of trucks entering or leaving the ML area will be limited to moderate speed of 25 Kmph to prevent undue noise from empty trucks & All roads will be maintained in good conditions to reduce vehicle noise.
26 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
4. Solid Waste Overburden Dump: The overburden waste generated will be dumped in temporary dump in the SSW of the quarry lease applied area covering an area of 10,950 M2 with an average height of 20 M between the grids N 1952800 – 1952950 & E 229250 – 229500. Waste Management Plan: No waste generation is anticipated. In the event of any soil/ gravel is encountered. The soil will be spread in the 7.5 M buffer zone for raising the plantation. The Gravel if any recovered will be stacked separately will be disposed with permission of Government.
2.11. ASSESSMENT OF NEW & UNTESTED TECHNOLOGY FOR THE RISK OF TECHNOLOGICAL FAILURE:
In this lease area manual open cast mining method by using drilling will be adopted. Hence no technology failure involved in the proposed mining.
27 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
3. BASELINE ENVIRONMENT
This chapter gives an idea and description of environmental status of the study area with reference to the prominent environmental attributes. The study area covers 10 km. radius of the mine lease area. Baseline data has been collected from October 2020 to December 2020. The impact identification always commences with the collection of baseline data such as ambient air quality, ground water quality, surface water quality, noise levels, soil quality, land use pattern, flora & fauna and socio-economic aspects within the study zone of 10 km. radius. Table 3.1: Environmental Attribute and Frequency of Monitoring
Attribute Parameters Frequency of Monitoring
Ambient Air PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NOx 24 hourly samples twice a week Quality for twelve weeks at eight locations Meteorology Surface: Wind Speed, direction, Surface: Continuous monitoring Temperature, relative humidity and stations for entire study period on rainfall hourly basis and also data collection from secondary sources. Water Quality Physical, Chemical and Once during the study period Bacteriological parameters Biology Existing Flora and Fauna Through field visit during the study period and substantiated through secondary sources. Noise Levels Noise levels in dB(A) Hourly observations for 24 hours per location Soil Parameters related to agricultural and Once during the study period. Characteristics afforestation potential Land Use Trend of land use change for Different Remote sensing and GIS Study categories Socio-economic Socio-economic characteristics, labor (Census Data, 2011) Aspects force characteristics, population statistics and existing amenities in the study area.
28 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
3.1. AIR ENVIRONMENT: 3.1.1. METEOROLOGY: Meteorology of the study area plays an important role in the air pollution studies. The prevailing micro meteorological conditions at the mine lease area will regulate the dispersion and dilution of air pollutants in the atmosphere. The predominant wind directions and the wind speed will decide the direction and distance of the most affected zone from the proposed activity. The meteorological data collected during the monitoring period is very useful in interpretation of baseline as input for dispersion models for predicting the Ground Level Concentrations (GLC). 3.1.2. METEOROLOGICAL DATA RECORDED AT SITE: A Temporary Weather Monitoring Station has been installed at the site and temperature, relative humidity, wind direction, wind speed, and rainfall were recorded for one season. a) Temperature: The maximum temperature recorded was 35.6ºC and the minimum temperature was 16.8ºC at the Mine Lease area. b) Relative Humidity: Relative humidity at the project site was ranging from 45 to 60%. c) Rainfall: The rainfall during study period 17cm. Data Collection Period October 2020 to December 2020 Wind Direction SE-NW Wind Speed 1.8 to 10.09 m/sec Maximum Temperature 35.6o C Minimum Temperature 16.8oC Humidity 45-60 Rainfall 17cm
3.1.3 Wind pattern during Study Period (October 2020 to December 2020) Predominant Wind directions during this period were from the SE-NW sector accounting to about 80% of the total time. Wind speeds during this period were varying between 1.8- 10.09 kmph. The wind of less than 1.0 kmph were treated as calm, and calm conditions are nil. Percentage frequencies of wind in 16 directions have been computed from the recorded data of summer season during the study period to plot wind rose diagram. Figure 3.1 represents the wind pattern of the study period.
29 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
Fig.3.1 Wind Rose Diagram
30 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
3.1.4. AIR QUALITY: The ambient air quality with respect to the study zone of 10 km. radius around the project forms the baseline information. The study area represents mostly rural environment. The various sources of air pollution in the region are vehicular traffic, dust arising from unpaved village roads & domestic fuel burning. The Prime objective of baseline air quality survey is to assess the existing air quality of the area. This will also be useful in assessing the conformity to standards of the ambient air quality during the mine operation. 3.1.5 SELECTION OF SAMPLING STATIONS: The base line status of the ambient air quality can be accessed through scientifically designed Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Network. The selection of sampling locations in the air quality surveillance programme is based on the following. a) Representation of mine area. b) Representation of the down wind direction and cross-sectional distribution. c) Representation of residential areas. d) Representation of regional background levels. e) Representation of sensitive receptor. To assess the ambient air quality level, 9 monitoring stations were set up. Out of these 9 stations, one was set up in core zone, while the rest were outside the mining lease and within a radius of 10.0 km. Table 3.2 and Fig. No 3.2, presents the location of the air quality monitoring stations 3.1.6 PARAMETERS MONITORED:
At each Monitoring Station, Particulate Matter (PM2.5), Particulate Matter (PM10), SO2 and NOx are monitored. The sampling was carried out for 2 days in a week for one season (October 2020 to December 2020) to assess the existing status of air pollution and pollution dispersion pattern over the whole air basin of project site. PM2.5, PM10,
SO2 & NOx were sampled as per MoEF guidelines.
31 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
3.1.7 SAMPLING & ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES INSTRUMENTS USED FOR SAMPLING: Envirotech RDS & APM 550 Dust samplers were used for monitoring PM2.5, PM10,
SO2 and NOX. PM2.5 & PM10 are estimated by gravimetric method West & Gaeke method (IS –5182, part III 1969) has been adopted for estimation of SO2, Jacob – Hochheiser method (IS –5182, part IV, 1975) has been adopted for estimation of NOx. Calibration: Calibration charts have been prepared for all gaseous pollutants. The Calibration is carried out when new absorbing solutions are prepared. TABLE 3.2 – AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING STATIONS
S.No Station Direction Distance in Kms. w.r.t ML Area w.r.t ML Area A1 Mine Lease area -- -- A2 Down wind direction NW 0.5 Km A3 Girmapur SSE 1.3 Km A4 Rayalapuram(Railpur) SSW 1.5 Km A5 Banda Madhavaram W 2.0 Km A6 Srirangavram WNW 2.6 Km A7 Lingapur NE 2.0 Km A8 Dabilpur NNE 2.5 Km A9 Medchal(Near Nishapark) SE 1.7 Km
32 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
Fig.3.2 Location of AAQ sampling stations
33 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
3.2 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY BUFFR ZONE
Particulate Matter – PM2.5
Average value of Particulate Matter (PM2.5) monitored in the study area ranging between 20-45 μg/m3. Highest value of 52 μg/m3 was recorded at Medchal(Near Nishapark)in the buffer zone. The values of PM2.5 monitored in the study area are well within the limits of NAAQ standards.
Particulate Matter – PM10 Average value of Particulate Matter (PM10) monitored in the study area ranging between 25.5-53.5 μg/m3. Highest value of 58 μg/m3 was recorded at Medchal(Near Nishapark)in the buffer zone. The values of PM10 monitored in the study area are well within the limits of NAAQ standards.
Sulphur dioxide - SO2 Average value of Sulphur dioxide in the study area from the monitored data was in the range of 4.6-8.4 μg/m3. Maximum value of Sulphur dioxide of 9.3 μg/m3 obtained near the sampling location A9 (Medchal(Near Nishapark)). The values of SO2 monitored in the study area are well within the limits of NAAQ standards. Oxides of Nitrogen - NOx Average value of Oxides of Nitrogen in the study area from the monitored data was in the range of 5.2-8.9 μg/m3. Maximum value of oxides of nitrogen of 8.9 μg/m3 obtained near the sampling location A9 (Medchal(Near Nishapark)). The values of NOx monitored in the study area are well within the limits of NAAQ standards. CORE ZONE: Ambient air monitoring has been assessed during the months of October 2019 to December 2020 in one station in the core zone.
Particulate Matter – PM2.5 3 Average value of Particulate Matter (PM2.5) monitored in the core zone is 33.5 μg/m . 3 The highest value of PM2.5 level 40 μg/m was observed. The value of PM2.5 monitored in the core zone is well within the limits of NAAQ standards.
34 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
Particulate Matter – PM10 3 Average value of Particulate Matter (PM10) monitored in the core zone is 43 μg/m . The highest value of PM10 level 50 μg/m3 was observed. The value of PM10 monitored in the core zone is well within the limits of NAAQ standards. 3 Sulphur dioxide - SO2 : Average value of Sulphur dioxide in the core zone is 5.1 μg/m . 3 The maximum value of Sulphur dioxide of 5.6 μg/m was observed. The values of SO2 monitored in the study area are well within the limits of NAAQ standards. Oxides of Nitrogen – NOx: Average value of Nitrogen oxides in the core zone is 6.3 μg/m3. The maximum value of nitrogen oxides of 6.7 μg/mx was observed. Summary of AAQ monitoring at each location is given in Table – 3.2 and Percentile values of ambient air quality is enclosed in Annexure - A. Table – 3.3: SUMMARY OF AAQ MONITORING
th Locations 98 Percentile Values * Free silica content in PM10 PM2.5 *PM10 SO2 NOx is observed to be between A1 Mine Lease area 40 49.5 5.6 6.7 0.7 to 1.2 µg/m3 A2 Down wind direction 43.54 53 5.8 7.0 1.0 to 1.5 µg/m3 A3 Girmapur 45 56 6.9 7.8 1.5 to 2.6 µg/m3 A4 Rayalapuram(Railpur) 41 50 6.2 6.2 1.7 to 2.9 µg/m3 A5 Banda Madhavaram 29 39 5.6 5.5 1.2 to 2.4 µg/m3 A6 Srirangavram 26 36 5.2 5.6 1.3 to 2.2 µg/m3 A7 Lingapur 24 30 5.0 6.1 1.5 to 2.5 µg/m3 A8 Dabilpur 49 51 7.8 8.3 1.6 to 2.7 µg/m3 A9 Medchal(Near 52 58 9.3 9.9 Nishapark)
Locations Minimum Values Maximum Values PM2.5 *PM10 SO2 NOx PM2.5 *PM10 SO2 NOx A1 Mine Lease area 28 38.0 4.6 5.9 40 50.0 5.6 6.7 A2 Down wind direction 35 42 5.1 6.2 44 53 5.8 7.0 A3 Girmapur 30 45 5.9 6.6 45 56 6.9 7.8 A4 Rayalapuram(Railpur) 29 43 4.9 5.6 41 50 6.2 6.3 A5 Banda Madhavaram 22 30 4.2 4.9 29 39 5.6 5.5 A6 Srirangavram 19 29 4.4 5.0 26 36 5.2 5.6 A7 Lingapur 17 21 4.2 5.2 24 30 5.0 6.1 A8 Dabilpur 40 45 6.1 7.5 49 51 7.8 8.3 A9 Medchal(Near 44 49 7.3 8.3 52 58 9.3 9.9 Nishapark)
35 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
Locations Average Values PM2.5 *PM10 SO2 NOx A1 Mine Lease area 33.5 43.0 5.1 6.3 A2 Down wind direction 39 46 5.5 6.6 A3 Girmapur 36 49 6.4 7.1 A4 Rayalapuram(Railpur) 35 47 5.5 5.9 A5 Banda Madhavaram 25.5 35.0 4.9 5.2 A6 Srirangavram 22.5 32.5 4.8 5.3 A7 Lingapur 20 25.5 4.6 5.6 A8 Dabilpur 45 48 6.9 7.8 A9 Medchal(Near Nishapark) 48 53.5 8.4 8.9
3.3 NOISE ENVIRONMENT The acoustical environment varies dynamically in magnitude and character through out most communities. The noise level variation can be temporal, spectral and spatial. The residential noise level is that level below which the ambient noise does not seem to dropdown during the given interval of time and is generally characterized by unidentified sources. Ambient noise level is characterized by significant variations above a base or a residential noise level. The maximum impact of noise is felt on urban areas, which is mostly due to the commercial activities and vehicular movement during peak hours of the day. Measured noise levels displayed as a function of time provides a useful scheme for describing the acoustical climate of a community. Noise levels records at each station with a time interval of about 30 minutes are computed for equivalent noise levels. Equivalent noise level is a single number descriptor for describing time varying noise levels. The equivalent noise level is defined as mathematically. 10Log1/ TΣ (10Ln/10) Where L = sound pressure level a function of time dB (A) & T = Time interval of observations Noise levels during the night time generally drop, therefore to compute Equivalent noise levels for the night time, noise levels are increased by 10 dB (A) as the night time high noise levels are judged more annoying compared to the day time.
36 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
Noise levels at a particular station are represented as Day- Night equivalent (Ldn). Day- Night equivalent is the single number index designed to rate environmental noise on daily /24 hourly basis. Mathematically Ldn is given by
Ldn = 10 log {1/24 (15 x 10(Ld/10) + 9 x 10 (Ln + 10)/10)} Where Ld = A weighed equivalent for day time period (7 am to 10 pm) Ln = A weighed equivalent for night time period (10 pm to 7 am)
Noise levels were measured near highways, residential areas and other settlements located within 10 km radius around the Mine site.
In order o know the baseline noise levels, in and around the Mine site, Noise levels were measured at the Mine complex and also at 6 villages in the study area. The day equivalent noise levels were found to be relatively high due to local activities in the villages. Noise levels recorded in the nighttime were found to be less.
In order to assess the noise levels in the study area, monitoring was carried out at 7 different locations within 10 km radius of the study area. Noise levels were recorded at each station with a time interval of one minute for about 30 minutes in each hour and were computed for equivalent noise levels for day-equivalent, night-equivalent & day- night equivalent. Details of noise monitoring stations are given in Table – 3.3.
The noise recording stations are shown in Figure – 3.3 and the summary of the minimum, maximum, day - equivalent, night - equivalent and day-night equivalent values computed for various location in the study area is given in Table – 3.4
37 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State. Fig.3.3 Location of Noise Monitoring stations
38 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
Table 3.4: NOISE MONITORING STATIONS
S. No. Code Name of Sampling Location Direction w.r.t Distance (km) Mine w.r.t Mine Core Zone 1 N-1 Mine Area -- -- Buffer Zone Code Name of Sampling Location Direction w.r.t Distance (km) Mine w.r.t Mine N-1 Mine Area 2 N-2 Girmapur SSE 1.3 Km 3 N-3 Rayalapuram(Railpur) SSW 1.5 Km 4 N-4 Banda Madhavaram W 2.0 Km 5 N-5 Srirangavram WNW 2.6 Km 6 N-6 Lingapur NE 2.0 Km 7 N-7 Dabilpur NNE 2.5 Km 8 N-8 Medchal(Near Nishapark) SE 1.7 Km
Table 3.5: NOISE LEVELS DURING STUDY PERIOD
Code Location Noise Levels (Leq) dB (A) Day time Night time Standards (6 am – 10 pm) (10 pm – 6 am) N1 Mine Area 52.5 45.6 Industrial N2 Girmapur 53.7 48.9 Daytime – 75 N3 Rayalapuram(Railpur) 54.9 49.2 dB(A) N4 Banda Madhavaram 55.4 50.4 Night time – 70 N5 Srirangavram 54.3 42.1 dB(A) N6 Lingapur 54.5 49.9 N-7 Dabilpur 56.3 50.2 Residential N-8 Medchal 60.7 52.7 Daytime – 55 (Near Nishapark) dB(A) Night time – 45 dB(A)
The equivalent day noise levels in the study zone are ranging from 52.5 dB(A) to 60.7 dB(A). It is observed that the noise values obtained were within the prescribed Ambient Noise Quality Standards.
39 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
3.4 WATER ENVIRONMENT Assessment of baseline data on Water environment includes a) Identification of surface water sources b) Identification of ground water sources c) Collection of water samples d) Analyzing water samples collected for physico-chemical and biological parameters The surface water sources in the study area are few water ponds area there and few more 1st and 2nd order streams are there outside of the mine lease area. These tanks will not flow throughout the year. Assessment of water quality in the study area includes the quality assessment of parameters as per the Indian standard IS 10500 (drinking water standard). The locations of water sampling are shown in Figure – 3.4. Six water samples from various locations within 10 km radius were collected for assessment of the physico-chemical and bacteriological quality. Methodologies adopted for sampling and analysis were according to the IS methods. Field parameters such as pH, Temperature, Taste and odour were monitored on site. The parameters thus analysed were compared with IS 10500. Details of water sampling locations are given in Table – 3.6 Table 3.6: WATER SAMPLING LOCATIONS
Direction Distance Name of Sampling S.No Code Source w.r.t (km) w.r.t Usage Location Mine Mine 1 GW1 Girmapur Bore well SSE 1.3 Km Domestic 2 GW2 Rayalapuram(Railpur) Bore well SSW 1.5 Km Domestic 3 GW3 Banda Madhavaram Bore well W 2.0 Km Domestic 4 GW4 Srirangavram Bore well WNW 2.6 Km Domestic 5 GW5 Lingapur Bore well NE 2.0 Km Domestic 6 GW6 Dabilpur Bore well NNE 2.5 Km Domestic 7 GW7 Medchal(Near Nishapark) Bore well SE 1.7 Km Domestic
40 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
Surface Water Sampling Locations 8 SW1 Tank SW of ML area Surface SW 0.4 Irrigation 9 SW2 Tank NW of Rayalapuram Surface SW 1.2 Irrigation 10 Tank NE of Banda Surface WNW SW3 1.5 Irrigation Madhawaram 11 SW4 Pantulu Cheruvu Surface NNE 1.5 Irrigation 12 SW5 Pedda Cheruvu Surface NE 1.4 Irrigation
Annexure - B represents the water quality data at the above locations. The summary of the same is given below: Surface Water Samples Within 10 km Radius: • pH of the surface water samples collected was in the range between 7.96-8.18. • Total dissolved solids in the samples were in the range between 420-506 mg/l. • Total hardness was found to vary between 96-116 mg/l. • Chlorides concentration was found to vary between 86-99 mg/l. • Fluoride concentration was found to vary between 0.16-0.23 mg/l. • Sulphates concentration was found to vary between 42-52 mg/l. • Heavy metal concentration in all the samples were found to be well within the limits. Groundwater Samples Within 10 km Radius: • pH of the ground water samples collected was in the range between 7.38-8.1 • Total dissolved solids in the samples were in the range between 738-879 mg/l. • Total hardness was found to vary between 180-216 mg/l. • Chlorides concentration was found to vary between 77-95 mg/l. • Fluoride concentration was found to vary between 0.40-0.72 mg/l. • Sulphates concentration was found to vary between 58-76 mg/l. • Heavy metal concentration in all the samples laws found to be well within the limits. Ground water samples collected from 6 locations within 10 km radius of the Mine site showed all parameters well within the drinking water standards specified in IS 10500.
41 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State. Fig.3.4 Location of Water sampling stations
42 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
3.5 LAND ENVIRONMENT 3.5.1 Geology: Regional Geology: The area constitutes mainly granitic terrain exposing a variety of Archaean granitoids of Peninsular Gneissic Complex and Schistose (Older metamorphic) Rocks. They are intruded by basic dykes (Proterozoic) and covered locally by the Deccan Traps (Upper Cretaceous to Lower Ecocene). A continuous stretch of Deccan Traps occur over the western part of the Area non-conformably overlying the granites. Insitu weathering of Basalt resulted in the laterite capping over the area. Local Geology: The proposed QL Area is part of Pediment Inselberg complex covered by sheet rock which is Peninsular gneissic rock of Archean age. The rock is medium to coarse grained in texture varying from light grey to dark grey colour, compact, brittle in nature and is composed of Quartz and Feldspars as essential minerals (Felsic minerals). The Rough Stone & Road Metal stone can be extracted from the rock in the quarry lease that finds application in infrastructure projects. Geomorphology: Geomorphology is the science of landforms, with an emphasis on their origin, evolution, form, and distribution across the physical landscape. Understanding geomorphology is therefore essential to understanding one of the most popular divisions of geography. Studying geomorphological processes provides significant insight into the formation of the various structures and features in landscapes worldwide, which can then be used as a background for studying many other aspects of physical geography. Geomorphology map showing figure 3.5.
43 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State. Fig.3.5 Geomorphology Map
44 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
3.6 HYDROGEOLOGY Rainwater and Groundwater constitutes the water regime of the area. Agriculture is practiced with monsoon as well as groundwater resources in the lean season. The area is drained by River Godavari and Krishna. The buffer zone has a good network of streams and tanks. 16 Wells were inventoried to assess the groundwater conditions. All the stream courses and Tanks are ephemeral in character and carry large volumes of storm flows during rainy season and remain dry during non monsoon season. The width of the streams is narrow and follows the weak planes within the hard rock formations. All the stream courses are ephemeral in character and carry large volumes of storm flows during rainy season and remain dry during non-monsoon season. The width of the streams is narrow and follows the weak planes within the hard rock formations. A drainage map of the area around the proposed plant is shown as figure 3.6. DRAINAGE MAP This map consists of all water bodies, rivers, tributaries, perennial & ephemeral streams, reservoirs, tanks, ponds and the entire drainage network from first order originating in the area to the last order joining the rivers, tributaries and tanks based on topography. Understanding the importance of drainage depends on the purpose and the objective of the project. For the present study purpose the following factors have to be understood and extracted from the study of the drainage pattern. Drainage network helps in delineation of watersheds. Drainage density and type of drainage gives information related to runoff, infiltration relief and permeability. Below Table Showing drainage density-based criteria by smith and Strahler. Drainage Texture Runoff Infiltration Relief Stratum Density < 5.0 Coarse (High) High Low High High Impermeable 5.0 - 13.7 Medium Medium Medium Medium Medium Permeable 13.7 - 155.3 Ultra fine Low High Low Good Permeable (Low)
45 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
Below Table Showing drainage density-based criteria proposed by Long Bein
Drainage Density Areas Runoff 0.55 - 2.09 Steep Impervious Areas High 1.03 Humid Regions High
Below Table showing Drainage Density Based Criteria Proposed by Horton
Drainage Density Stratum Runoff 0.9 - 1.29 Steep Impervious Areas High < 0.9 Permeable High Infiltration Areas Low
Dendritic drainage indicates homogenous rocks, the trellis, rectangular and parallel drainage patterns indicate structural and lithological controls. The coarse drainage texture indicates highly porous and permeable rock formations; whereas fine drainage texture is more common in less pervious formations. Weathering profile controls of ground water and above all discharge of surface water along the major streams and rivers. Fractured pattern and other structural features control drainage pattern in hard rocks. Slope / gradient of area coupled with drainage density decide the weathering profile. These two factors synthesized with rainfall (of a given area) provide information on the ground water potential (weathering profile, structural factors) and discharge of surface water along streams. Weathering profile increases groundwater potential, slope/gradient together with runoff controls the thickness of weathered zone. Major faults, lineaments sometimes connects two are more watersheds (Drainage Basins) and act as conduits (Interconnecting channel ways). Flow of groundwater along these week zones is an established fact. A proper understanding of the major faults, their influence of groundwater flow has to be understood from drainage system and its controls. The study of the drainage for the present purpose is to understand that, to what extent the ground water would be affected by the water pollutants. Survey of India Topomaps, satellite data of summer season are the main input data for preparation of drainage map. The drainage map is prepared using Toposheets of Survey of India on 1:50,000 scale and updated using latest satellite data wherever deviations and new developments are observed.
46 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
Step I: All the rivers its tributaries and drainage network shown on the Toposheets are captured. The boundaries of all rivers / water bodies with names appearing are captured from Toposheets. The drainage is drawn from whole to part, i.e., from the rivers to tributaries to first drains to second order drains to third order drains. Step II: Based on the post monsoon satellite image extent of water spread and dry parts are updated. The water bodies which did not exist at the time of survey of Toposheets, if any are also captured based on satellite imagery. The study area forms part of Mahanadi river basin the southern of the area from western part, towards East. All these rivers and rivulets get dry for major part of the year and carry heavy floods during rainy season. The drainage map of study area has showing in figure 3.6.
47 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
Fig.3.6 Drainage map of study area
48 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
GROUND WATER CONDITIONS: Geographical set-up, climate and rainfall, topography and surface gradient, drainage and hydrological features, soils & agricultural activities and finally the nature, thickness and distribution of geological formations independently or collectively or in association with each other play a decisive role in the occurrence and movement of ground water and its quality. All these aspects have been dealt in the preceding paragraphs. Different degradation processes of physical disintegration and chemical decomposition of mass removal, continuously acting over millions of years on the rock formations have brought out the present-day land configuration in the area. The formations are medium to grained, hard and compact and lack original porosity to form potential aquifer zones at depth. They are heterogeneous and possess large variation in mineralogical composition, degree of compaction with depth. So much so, their nature differs from point to point and place to place. Occurrence, movement and quality of ground water associated, chiefly depends on the topographic gradient recharge sources and nature of formations. Ground water occurrence is limited to fracture zones with the weathered zone aquifer being mostly dry. The nature of rock formations, structural features associated and availability of favorable recharge conditions remain site specific. Hence there is heterogeneity, complexity and therefore, uncertainty in deciphering potential zones. Well Density: Hand pump fitted to bore wells constructed under Rural water supply scheme cater to the needs of the local communities. A few bore wells are also constructed in the areas proved ground water worthy to exploit ground water in limited quantities for irrigation purposes. Most of the dug wells were observed to be dry. Irrigation wells in the area are moderate in occurrence limited to agriculture practices near villages and well density is low.
49 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
The list of wells inventoried is tabulated below: S. Village Type Geo Coordinate DTWL/TD No. of Latitude N Longitude E (Meters) Well 1 Girmapur BW 17° 37’ 48.46” 78° 27’ 32.63” 28/85 2 Banda Madhavaram BW 17° 38’ 57.19” 78° 25’ 36.42” 30/90 3 Srirangaram BW 17° 39’ 23.98” 78° 25’ 34.86” 22/70 4 Nutalkal BW 17° 41’ 02.51” 78° 26’ 25.80” 26/68 5 Kanukunta BW 17° 41’ 56.93” 78° 25’ 16.34” Dry/120 6 Anantaram BW 17° 41’ 16.75” 78° 23’ 27.50” 22/86 7 Gummadidala BW 17° 40’ 44.71” 78° 22’ 12.28” 25/70 8 Bontapalli BW 17° 39’ 49.67” 78° 21’ 59.12” 30/88 9 Domadugu BW 17° 39’ 15.96” 78° 22’ 32.59” Dry/70 10 Annaram BW 17° 38’ 05.46” 78° 22’ 54.00” 28/82 11 Dundigal BW 17° 36’ 14.97” 78° 25’ 04.06” 22/65 12 Gowdavalli BW 17° 36’ 44.12” 78° 28’ 22.72” 20/90 13 Medchal BW 17° 37’ 49.26” 78° 29’ 15.76” 16/70 14 Ravalkol BW 17° 39’ 49.55” 78° 31’ 32.84” 18/76 15 Kallakal BW 17° 42’ 56.45” 78° 28’ 36.79” 28/86 16 Kucharam BW 17° 43’ 44.63” 78° 27’ 57.28” 30/68
a) Depth of Wells: The depth of bore wells range between 65 - 90 meters as reported during well inventory. The deepest dug borewell to 120.0 m is observed at Kanukunta which is dry. Shallow bore wells of less than 70 m depth are drilled in the low-lying areas, close to recharge sources. b) Method of Wells Construction: All the dug wells were made prior to the availability of fast and sophisticated drilling rigs. The dug wells are defunct now. Bore wells are constructed with Down the Hole (DTH) drilling rig. The top collapsible weathered formation is cased with high density PVC pipe to prevent caving and to increase the life of the bore well. Depth of casing pipe usually varied from 12 m to 16 m. c) Type of Lift: In the problematic villages, with less chances of encountering potential aquifer zones protected water supply schemes are implemented with distribution stand posts at different localities. In the areas proved ground water worthy hand pump fitted bore wells are
50 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State. constructed. Generally Electrical submersible pumps are used for both irrigation and drinking water supply bore wells. d) Yield of Wells: The Discharge rate of bore wells are Low to Moderate with yields ranging between 50 lpm to 100 lpm. It is reported that sustained pumping for longer duration and also at higher discharge rate is possible only during monsoon months. e) Water Level Depths: Ground water occurs under semi confined condition. Water level follows the topographic gradient. Build up water levels taken place with the monsoon rainfall recharge and attains to a level of 6.0 m to 10.0 m bgl. The depth to water level of Bore wells range between 16.0 m to + 30.0 m. It is reported that water level depth increases with the commencement of dry period and also correspondingly the yield dwindles in many wells. Water Level Fluctuation: The depth to water level as observed from inventory is between 16 - 30 mts and there is a fluctuation of 4.0 m to 8.0 m between pre- and post-monsoon scenario as reported. The field data is correlated with the CGWB District Resource report of 2012-13 of Ranga Reddy District. GROUNDWATER RESOURCE POTENTIAL: Rainfall is the chief source of ground water recharge. Surface water reservoirs, ponds check dams and all other man-made obstructions on the natural drainage courses also contribute to certain extent. In the existing natural environmental conditions, a known volume of groundwater is always available for extraction, which otherwise will be lost as out flow from the area. This is dynamic recharge; long term average annual replenishable dynamic recharge can be exploited without causing any adverse impact on the ground water regime. This watershed is categorized as safe with 62% exploitation in terms of ground water development as notified by CGWB (2012-13). GROUND WATER POTENTIAL MAP These maps contain data on the quality and productivity of water bearing levels, on the dimensions, form, and position of old foundation beds of water pressure systems, and on
51 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State. the interrelationship of geological structure, terrain, and underground water. They are compiled on the basis of hydrogeological surveying, taking into account geological and tectonic maps. Hydrogeological maps depict the distribution of various water bearing levels and their complexes, the sources and their flow, wells, boreholes, sinkholes, the roof or base of water bearing strata, and the depth at which under groundwaters are found and their chemical composition. Hydrogeological maps are accompanied by cross sections on which the geological structure of the region is represented the lithological composition of the water bearing levels, facies changes, water-resistant strata, the depths of occurrence and amount of pressure of the water-bearing levels, the position of the free and piezometric surface of underground waters, and the mineral content and flow of the waters. PROJECT PROCESSES Proposed project is a Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand with an average production of 4,19,938.20 Cum / year from the quarry lease area of 9.900 ha. It is reported that the ground water is reported to occur at 28.0 m bgl from the base level i.e. 613 m RL at Girmapur village. The workings are confined to the top 6.0 m capping as such water table will not be intersected. It is estimated that the life of mine is 9.0 years. The average depth of working is limited to FRL 550 m during the life of mine. The water requirement for the proposed project activity is 15.0 Kld for dust suppression, plantation, domestic usage which will be met from the water tankers on day-to-day basis with payment.
52 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State. Fig.3.7 Ground Water Potential Map
53 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
PROCESS IMPACTS & MITIGATION PLANS: Impacts: The extraction of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand mining activity will bring a change in the physiography with the formation of a huge worked out pit of depth 50.0 m to 60.0 m resulting in the safety issue of men and animals. The quarry activity will not have any impact on ground or surface water as there is no extraction of groundwater or surface water for the project activity. This Hydro-geological study showed that there is no definite pattern and also large variation in the ground water occurrence, potential and quality in short distances. Surface streams along with the nature of subsurface geological formations are found to be ephemeral that do not have profound influence on ground water potential and groundwater table. There is no groundwater exploitation within the QL Area and the quantity of water requirement is limited to 15.0 KLD which can be met from private water tankers. The area is notified as overexploited by CGWB. Groundwater Pollution Control Measures: • The proposed mining activity does not discharge any mine water and mining of stone metal is planned on elevated portion of Pediment Inselberg Complex & Sheet rock below. • Artificial Recharge structures such as desilting of tanks and check dams are suggested to augment the groundwater resources in consultation with State Government authorities as part of CSR. • Both surface and groundwater samples as depicted on hydrology map need to be analyzed pre- and post-monsoon seasons as part of monitoring. 3.7 LAND USE PATTERN: 3.7.1 INTRODUCTION Land Use (LU) refers to man’s activities and various uses, which are carried on land. Land Cover (LC) refers to natural vegetation, water bodies, rock / soil, artificial cover and others resulting due to land transformation. Although land use is generally inferred
54 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State. based on the cover, yet both the terms land use and land cover are closely related and interchangeable. Information on the rate and kind of change in the use of land resources is essential to the proper planning, management and regulation of the use of such resources. Knowledge about the existing land use and trends of change is essential if the nation is to tackle the problems associated with the haphazard and uncontrolled growth. A systematic framework is needed for updating the land use and land cover maps that will be timely, relatively inexpensive and appropriate for different needs at both national and state levels. The rapidly developing technology of remote sensing offers an efficient and timely approach to the mapping and collection of basic land use and land cover data over large area. The satellite imageries are potentially more amenable to digital processing because the remote sensor output can be obtained in digital format. Land use data are needed in the analysis of environmental processes and problems that must be understood if living conditions and standards are to be improved from or maintained at current levels. It is required to carry out the land use / land cover study for the project study area (10 km radius) to obtain the necessary environmental clearances from statutory authorities. The objective of the study is to carryout land use / land cover study for the proposed project. The LU / LC study is carried out using the Satellite Imageries (IRS RS2 LISS III Rabi and Khariff) in addition to Survey of India toposheets. Appropriate guidelines are followed while preparing the LU / LC map for the project study area. 3.7.2 OBJECTIVE The objective of the assignment is to carry out Land use / Land cover study for Sri. M. Koteswara Rao Extent 9.90 hects. At Sy. No: 345 (Govt. land of Girmapur village, Medchal Mandal, Medchal-Malkajgiri District, Telangana State. 3.7.3 SCOPE OF THE WORK (Standard Operation Procedure for Land Use / Land Cover Study) ➢ The lu/lc study shall be carried out for a study area of 10 km radius taking site as centre using the satellite imageries (IRS RS2 III / IV 5.8m Resolution) for Rabi / Khariff season.
55 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
➢ Procurement of latest satellite imagery (IRS RS2 III / IV 5.8m Resolution) based on availability) Rabi or Khariff seasons. ➢ Satellite imagery processing and interpretation of land use as per land use classification covering 10 km radius of proposed Project Site. ➢ Calculation of land use breakup w. r. t. each land use category covering 10 km of proposed Project Site. ➢ Preparation and submission of reports, satellite imageries and maps. PRE-FIELD INTERPRETATION: ➢ Collection of Survey of India Topographical maps on 1: 50,000 scale from Survey of India (SOI). ➢ Procurement of Satellite Imagery from National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC) site Geo Co-ordinates from site center taken 10 Km radius. ➢ Using ERDAS image processing software processed the raw satellite data. ➢ Using ARCGIS software converting the all-base features from the toposheet, and overlaying the same features on the satellite imagery. ➢ Using remote Sensing techniques tone, color, texture and shadow etc. draft land use map is prepared. ➢ Before site / ground truthing randomly mark field, data checked. With which field work will be carried out. SITE / GROUND TRUTHING: ➢ Site visit - capture the Geo-Coordinates of Boundary Pillars and record in field note book. ➢ Take traverses and observe the land use categories and map it on the field map on draft map with field photographs. ➢ Observe each land use category like single crop/double crop, industrial area, settlements, forest lands, water bodies, waste lands and etc. ➢ The buffer zone area will randomly traverse for correlating mapping units. ➢ Collecting secondary data from agricultural department and local people.
56 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
POST FIELD WORK: ➢ Using ARCGIS software plotting the data collected during ground truth maps. ➢ Preparation of maps ➢ Preparation of report incorporating identification of impacts, quantification of impacts and suggesting mitigative measures in consultation with other FAEs. 3.7.4 ROLE OF REMOTE SENSING AND GIS Remote sensing and GIS are the modern techniques of terrain analysis and information generation. They not only ensure faster and easier analysis / interpretation but also help to modify / manipulate the data at will so as to meet the objective of the study. 3.7.4.1 REMOTE SENSING (RS) Remote Sensing (RS) generally involves in processing of remotely sensed data in digital form using image-processing techniques, which created a new and wider dimension in analysis and interpretation. Remote sensing enables one to acquire information about an object or phenomena from a distance through detection or measurement of electromagnetic energy coming from the object. The use of remote sensing techniques for the study of natural resources has been found to be of considerable value. The information derived from the remote sensing is compatible with topographic maps of Survey of India on 1:50,000 or 1:25,000 scale. With the use of high-altitude sensor platform, it is now possible to record extensive areas on a single image, which covers a maximum of 34,000 sq. km (185x185km) and minimum of 3600-sq.km area. Thus, one can have a synoptic view over large area and also an integrated picture of the landscape. By using the satellite imagery, it is possible to conduct surveys in areas, which are difficult to access. Some of the advantages of utilizing remote sensing techniques are given below: • Satellite image serves as a permanent record of a landscape at a point of time from which land use changes can be monitored and evaluated. • Satellite data is cost effective when compared to conventional methods. It can be obtained quickly; its information is accurate, reliable and up to date.
57 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
• Preparation of thematic layers by using satellite imagery is time saving when compared to conventional method. • Satellite data can be effectively integrated with the conventional data for analysis, planning and decision-making. 3.7.4.2 GIS Geographic Information System (GIS) is a powerful set of tool, which can perform correlation. GIS is a system for manipulating and analyzing spatial data to provide information to support planning and decision-making. GIS can also be defined as “decision support system involving the integration of spatially referenced data in a problem solving environment’ (Cowen, 1988). It comprises facilities for the input, management, retrieval, manipulation, analysis and display of spatial data. Its functions can be grouped as data acquisition, data utilization, data management, output and display. GIS technology is useful as planning / decision-making tool for resource management. The selective retrieval and analysis capabilities of GIS are used to manipulate the database and provide a variety of information for resource management. GIS is an aid to analyze the thematic maps prepared through remote sensing and field visits. It stores all the maps prepared and database attached to them in digital format, which permits rapid access and processing. Combination of Remote sensing and GIS technologies are very important for assessment and management of natural resources, where integration of data from different sources is an essential requirement. 3.7.4.3 DATA USED The data is used for the preparation of different maps for the study natural resources. The data is used by using the application of Remote Sensing and GIS technologies. Details of Sources & the Maps Prepared: Sl. No. Source Maps Prepared 1. Survey of India’s topographic maps and Base map and Drainage map satellite imageries 2. Satellite Imageries Land use / Land cover
58 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
3.7.4.4 DETAILS OF THE DATA USED Survey of India’s Topographic Maps Sl. No. Topographic Map No. Scale Year of Survey Year of Publication 1. 56 K/6 1: 50,000 2010 2011 2. 56 K/10 1: 50,000 2010 2011
Satellite data of National Remote Sensing Centre
Sensor Sl. No. Season Satellite/Sensor Date of Pass path/row 1. Summer 100-60-C IRS RS-2A LISS IV FX 25-May-2020
3.7.4.5 PROJECT SITE LOCATION The project site is located at Sy No: 345 of Girmapur Village, Medchal Mandal, Medchal Malkajgiri District, Telangana. The project site covers an Extent of 314 q2 kilometers. 3.7.4.6 STUDY AREA As per the Review meeting held in the Office of M/s. Global Enviro Labs site has been visited on October 2019. A study area of 10 km radius is delineated taking the proposed project site as center. A study area of 10 km radius is delineated taking the proposed project site as center (Latitude - 16°03'0.68"N & Longitude - 80°03'42.63"E). 3.7.4.7 LAND USE / LAND COVER MAP Land use / land cover map is prepared by visual interpretation of high-resolution satellite data with the help of Survey of India Topographic maps on 1:50,000 scale. Two seasons’ data (Summer year 2020) is used for the delineation of different units. The units are confirmed by the ground truth/field visits. Level-II classification of National (Natural) Resources Information System (NRIS) has been followed for the delineation of units. Land use / Land cover map of the study area is integrated with village map and analyzed with the help of GIS to get the village wise findings of the present land use of the study area, which is given elaborately in the following tables:
59 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
Land use refers to man’s activities and various uses, which are carried on land. Land cover refers to natural vegetation, water bodies, rock/soil, artificial cover and others resulting due to land transformation. Although land use is generally inferred based on the cover, yet both the terms land use and land cover are closely related and interchangeable. Information on the rate and kind of change in the use of land resources is essential to the proper planning, management and regulation of the use of such resources. Knowledge about the existing land use and trends of change is essential if the nation is to tackle the problems associated with the haphazard and uncontrolled growth. A systematic framework is needed for updating the land use and land cover maps that will be timely, relatively inexpensive and appropriate for different needs at national and state level. The rapidly developing technology of remote sensing offers an efficient and timely approach to the mapping and collection of basic land use and land cover data over large area. The satellite imageries are potentially more amenable to digital processing because the remote sensor output can be obtained in digital format. Land use data are needed in the analysis of environmental processes and problems that must be understood if living conditions and standards are to be improved or maintained at current levels. Basic Concepts of Land Use: Clawson has given nine major ideas or concepts about land. These are: • Location or the relation of a specific parcel of land to the poles, the equator, and the major oceans and landmasses. There is also relationship between various tracts of land, as well as a political location. • Activity on the land, for what purpose this piece of land or tract is used. • Natural qualities of land, including its surface and subsurface characteristics and its vegetative cover. • Improvements to and on the land. This is closely related to the activity. • Intensity of land use or amount of activity per unit area. • Land tenure, i.e. who owns the land, which uses it. • Land prices, land market activity and credit as applied to land.
60 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
• Interrelations between activities on the land and other economic and social activities. • Interrelations in the use between different tracts of land. 3.7.4.8 METHODOLOGY FOR LAND USE / LAND COVER MAPPING The land use / land cover map is prepared by adopting the interpretation techniques of the image in conjunction with collateral data such as Survey of India topographical maps and census records. Image classification can be done by using visual interpretation techniques and digital classification using any of the image processing software. For the present study, ERDAS 9.1 version software is used for preprocessing, rectification, enhancements and classifying the satellite data for preparation of land use land cover map for assessing and monitoring the temporal changes in land use land cover and land developmental activities. The imagery is interpreted and ground checked for corrections. The final map is prepared after field check. Flow chart showing the methodology adopted is given in the different land use / land cover categories in the study area has been carried out based on the NRSC land use / land cover classification system. For analysis and interpretation, and preparation of Lu / Lc map, two types of data are needed: 1. Basic data 2. Ground data Basic data includes: • Fused data of LISS IV • Toposheets on 1: 50,000 • Local knowledge • Area map on any scale to transfer details • Reports and other literature of the study area Ground data: Ground data is very much essential to verify and to increase the accuracy of the interpreted classes and also to minimize the field work. Data analysis: For analysis and interpretation of satellite data, the study can be divided into three parts: A. Preliminary work B. Field work
61 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
C. Post field work A. Preliminary work includes: • To see the limitation of satellite data • To lay down the criteria for land use classification to be adopted • To fix the size of mapping units, which depends upon the scale • Interpretation of different land use/land cover classes • Demarcation of doubtful areas • Preparation of field land use/land cover map B. Field work: • Type of ground data to be collected • Selection of sample area for final classification • Checking of doubtful areas • Change in land use/ land cover due to wrong identification, fresh Development, nomenclature. • General verification C. Post field work: • Reinterpretation or analysis or correction of doubtful areas • Transfer of details on base map • Marginal information • Preparation of final land use/land cover map.
62 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
Flowchart showing the methodology adopted for LU/LC mapping
Basic data Data source Secondary data
IRS LISS IV FMX
Preparation Khariff Rabi of base season season maps
Development of interpretation keys based on Interpretation and mapping of land image characteristics. use /land cover categories
Ground verification of doubtful areas Validation and final and modification of thematic details interpretation key
Transfer of Khariff and Rabi season land Final land use/land cover use/land cover details on to a single map with symbols and base map. colours
Area estimation of each land use/land cover class.
63 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
Table : 3.7 Statistics of Land use/Land cover of the study area
Sl. No. LANDUSE AREA (Sq. km) % 1. BUILT- UP LAND A. Settlements/Air Strip/Air force station 23.236 7.4 B. Industrial area/Outer Ring Road 28.888 9.2 2. FOREST A. Scrub forest 24.806 7.9 3. WATERBODIES B. Tank / River etc. 32.342 10.3
4. CROP LAND A. Single crop 98.596 31.4 B. Double crop 27.946 8.9 C. Plantation 16.642 5.3 5. WASTELANDS A. Land with scrub 28.888 9.2 B. Land without scrub 8.164 2.6 C. Sheet rock area 15.386 4.9 D. Stone quarry 9.106 2.9 TOTAL 314 100
The land use / land cover of 9.90 Hectares Mine Lease Area of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO, Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand mine at Girmapur village, Medchal Mandal, Medchal Malkajgiri District, Telangana is given in below table. Figure 3.7 shows the Satellite imagery and Figure 3.8 shows the land use and land cover map of the study area.
3.7.4.9 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES An effort has been made to identify various environmental, social and ecological impacts due to proposed mining activity operation phases considering present environmental scenario as baseline. Quantification of Impacts: With the establishment of the proposed mining activity the following changes take place w.r.t land use within the study area.
64 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
• Total mine lease area is 24.4634 acres. Out of this Greenbelt is 8.0729 acres and Rest is mining use • Land Use of 24.4634acres (9.90 Ha.) of land envisaged for the proposed mine lease area will change from land with scrub to mining use. • Pucca road is available up to the site. No separate road will be laid. Width of the road will be increased from 5 m to 10m which is very marginal. • No township is proposed as part of the mining activity. Hence no increase in habitation area. Table: Comparison of land use of pre-project and post project: AREA AREA Sl. No. LAND USE (Sq. km) (Sq. km) % change (Pre project) (post project) 1. BUILT- UP LAND A. Settlements/Air Strip/Air force 23.236 23.236 station 28.888 28.888 B. Industrial area/Outer Ring Road 2. FOREST A. Scrub forest 24.806 24.806 3. WATERBODIES A. Tank / River etc. 32.342 32.342 4. CROP LAND A. Single crop 98.596 98.596 B. Double crop 27.946 27.946 C. Plantation 16.642 16.642 5. WASTELANDS A. Land with scrub 28.888 28.888 B. Land without scrub 8.164 8.164 C. Sheet rock area 15.386 15.386 D. Stone quarry 9.106 9.106 TOTAL 314 314 100
From the above, it can be concluded that there will be increase in mining area 0.1249 this is very marginal. Corresponding mitigation measures to take care of the adverse impacts are also discussed in following sections.
65 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
3.7.4.10. MITIGATION IMPACT OF LAND USE 12.1. Impact on water bodies: No water bodies like tank pond and river within the one-kilometer radius of the mining activity. Hence there is no adverse impact on the water bodies because of the proposed mining activity. 12.2. Impact on agriculture: Based on the SOI Topo Graphical Maps, NRSC satellite imagery and the ground truth studies proposed mining activity observed only single crop land and double crop lands. Presently the proposed mine lease area an existing mine area. Hence there is no adverse impact on agriculture by the proposed mining activity. 12.3 Impact on change in topography of the land & on drainage pattern. There is no change in the topography as the proposed mining activity because of it is not undulating terrain mine lease area.
66 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State. Fig.3.8 Satellite Image of study area
67 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
Fig.3.9 Land Use Land Cover Map of Study Area
68 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
3.7.5 BASELINE DATA ON SOIL QUALITY
The study area is covered with red sandy clay soils. Representative soil samples were collected from 7 sampling locations within an area of 10 km radius around the proposed project for analysis of the physico-chemical characteristics of the soil quality. Fig – 3.9 and Table – 3.8 shows the location of soil sampling stations.
Table 3.8: SOIL SAMPLING STATIONS
Direction Distance (km) Code Location w.r.t Project w.r.t Project S1 Mine Lease area - - S2 Girmapur SSE 1.3 Km S3 Rayalapuram(Railpur) SSW 1.5 Km S4 Banda Madhavaram W 2.0 Km S5 Srirangavram WNW 2.6 Km S6 Lingapur NE 2.0 Km S7 Dabilpur NNE 2.5 Km S8 Medchal (Near Nishapark) SE 1.7 Km
The following are the highlights of soil quality in the study area: Soil Samples within 10 km Radius: ➢ pH of the soil samples was found to be in the range of 7.81-8.73. ➢ Soluble salts were found to be in the range of 104-131 mg/kg ➢ Organic content of the soil samples was found to be medium exhibiting in the range of 0.11% - 1.02% and average fertility ➢ Soils in the area were found to be clayey sandy loam in texture with sand percentage in the range between 32-43%, silt between 27-42% and Clay 20-34%. ➢ Chloride content of the soil were in the range of 81-95 mg/kg Results of soil sampling analysis are given in Annexure – C. ➢ All soils under study are neutral in terms of pH. ➢ Soils collected in buffer zone are moderate in nutrient content. ➢ Green belt development in mining area needs proper amendments with regular addition of nutrients (NPK) and organic fertilizer.
69 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State. Fig.3.10 Location of Soil Sampling stations
70 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
3.8 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT It is proposed to produce Rough Stone and Road metal sand is 4,19,938.20 Cum/year. The mine lease area or the core zone is a wasteland and unsuitable for cultivation or plantations and hence is not under any use. This site is surrounded by similar mines. There are no wildlife Sanctuaries or National Parks or Biodiversity Reserves or migratory corridors of Elephants or Tigers or Important Bird Areas (IBAs) or Ramsar Wetlands. Topographically, most part of the mine lease is a rocky terrain with uneven topography. It is scarcely covered by a few invasive weeds, shrubs and thorny bushes between the broken rocks. The mine lease area is covered by fractured rock except in some in small pits covered with thin mantle of soil. The surface is not uniform and it is prone to erosion due to rains. Primary survey of the flora and fauna of the mine lease area and its buffer zone extending up to 10 Km radius was carried and A list of all plants found in the mine lease area is given in Table 1-Anexure-D. If mining is undertaken, the plants in Table 1- Annexure-D. are going to be adversely impacted. But all the plants found in the mine lease are very common and widely scattered. Hence, there shall be no loss of plant biodiversity. A survey of the flora and fauna of the MLA and the buffer zone was carried out keeping in view of the following terms of reference. “A detailed biological study for the study area [core zone and buffer zone (10 Km radius of the periphery of the mine lease)] shall be carried out. Details of flora and fauna, duly authenticated, separately for core and buffer zone should be furnished based on field survey clearly indicating the Schedule of the fauna present. In case of any scheduled-I fauna found in the study area, the necessary plan for their conservation should be prepared in consultation with State Forest and Wildlife Department and details furnished. Necessary allocation of funds for implementing the same should be made as part of the project cost” Based on the above, primary survey of flora, both primary and secondary survey of fauna of the mine lease area (core area) and its buffer zone extending up to a radius of 10 Km was carried during October 2020 by Dr. K.B. Reddy, Retired Professor of Environmental Sciences, Acharya Nagarjuna University and the NABET Empaneled Functional Area 71 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
Expert in EB and SC. Appropriate data / information available with the State Forest and Wildlife Department, Biodiversity Board and Botanical Survey of India as well as the Zoological Survey of India have also been referred and used during the survey. In addition, relevant publications on flora and fauna of the area have been consulted. The basic objectives of the study is to evaluate the status of the flora and fauna of the Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand mine lease area of 9.90 Ha located in Survey No No.345 of Girmapur Village, Medchal Mandal, Medchal Malkajgiri District, Telangana. and its buffer zone of 10 Km radius with specific reference to the rare or endangered or endemic or threatened (REET) species in accordance with the approved T.o.R. The study is also designed to evaluate the adverse impacts of the proposed Rough Stone and Road metal sand mine and to suggest remedial / mitigation measures in accordance with the objectives as desired by the IAIA (International Association for Impact Assessment) and the Ministry of Environment and Forests (M.o.E&F), Government of India (GoI). With these objectives in mind, the following work was undertaken by a team of experienced professional: i). Documentation and evaluation of the status of the terrestrial flora of the core area and surrounding areas (buffer area). ii) Inventorization of the terrestrial flora of the core area and buffer area. iii). Prediction of the impacts of the proposed activity on the REET species. iv). Development of a management / mitigation plan to minimize the impacts the proposed activity on the biotic environment so that there is no net loss of biodiversity. Kindly refer to Annexure - D for Detailed Biological Environment report of the study area.
3.9 SOCIO ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT 3.9.1 BASELINE STATUS A detailed socio-economic survey was conducted covering all villages in the 10 km radius from the center. The information of socio-economic aspects has been compiled from various secondary sources including various government and semi-government offices. The demographic profile of the study area is enclosed in Annexure – E. 72 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
The methodology adopted for the study is mainly includes review of secondary data (Census Statistical Data -2011 and Primary Census Abstract of Census- 2011) with respect to population, occupational structure and infrastructure facilities available for 10- km radius study area. The main occupation of villagers is agriculture and sheep raring. The commencement of mining activity in this area improves the socio-economic status of the local people by creation of employment. The salient observations obtained as a result of the study are discussed hereunder. SOCIO-ECONOMIC DETAILS WITHIN THE STUDY AREA (10 KMS RADIUS)
S.No. DESCRIPTION NUMBERS DEMOGRAPHIC DETAILS 1 Total Villages 34 2 Total no. of House Hold 25010 3 Total Population 107142 4 Total SC Population 14490 5 Total ST Population 6065 6 Total Literate Population 65722 7 Total Main Working Population 39862 8 Total Non-Workers 60767 9 Total Marginal Workers 6513 10 Cultivators 5502 11 Agricultural Labor 8312 12 Household Workers 1402 13 Other Workers 24646 Amenities (Infrastructure Facilities*) Water facilities Tap 550 River 0 Well 25 Canal 0 Tank 20 Lake/Ponds 18 Tube Well 50 Spring 0 Hand Pump 30 Others 1 P & T Facilities Post Office 11 Post & Telegraph Office 11 Bus 30 Railway 1 Power Supply Available for all purpose in all villages Medical Facilities* Maternity & Child Welfare Center 20 Family Welfare Center 25 Public Health Sub Center 30 RMP 50 Education Facilities Primary School 30 Sr. Secondary School 20 Middle School 20 College 15 (Source: Census Data 2011)
73 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
3.10 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH In order to evaluate the impacts on mining on the health of workers, baseline health studies shall be carried out on every worker before joining their duties. The baseline health status, their habits will be recorded and a log book will be maintained and the same shall be updated every quarter. Disability Evaluation: ❖ Degree of dyspnea ❖ Amount of cough and sputum, wheezing ❖ Smoking age started, pack/day, age stopped ❖ Past pulmonary illnesses ❖ Concurrent medical conditions ❖ Medications ❖ Occupational and environmental exposures ❖ Chest physical examination findings ❖ Chest roentgenogram & x- rays ❖ Pulmonary function studies ❖ Baseline audiograms ❖ Urinalysis Thus, a baseline condition will be established for all the workers and the records shall be maintained in order to evaluate any occupational diseases due to mining activity or aggravation of the existing condition due to mining. Environmental health & safety assessment: An assessment on environmental health & safety will be made on the following considerations:
Principal Environmental and : INSTANT: Occupational Risks that are Accident due to pit wall sliding likely to be created Accident due to sliding of dump slopes Accident due to transportation LONG TERM Continuous exposure to air pollutants leading to silicosis, asthma, tuberculosis, etc.
74 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
Hearing loss due to continuous exposure to high noise Risk Assessment : As per design of hazard risk assessment matrices for ranking occupational health risks in mining & allied activities Rank of Risk to Public Health : Marginal (Occasional) Communication of Risks to : Display at approach road public & steps for prevention & Induction training to all the workers on possible control risks and steps for prevention & control Refresher training once a year Assessment of Health Impacts : Preliminary screening Regular Health Camps (once in six months) Assessor : Occupation Health Specialist with established credentials Agency for the health impact : In-house facility will be provided assessment study Hazardous operations in mine : Drilling Members of the Safety : Mines Manager Committee Safety Officer Worker’s Representative Local Panchayat’s Representative Functions of Safety Committee : Implementation of OH&S procedures Assessment of work place : Medical Officer of Mine Exposure Communication of Non- : By Circular, Display at relevant areas conformance Expenditure for tests & : Responsibility of the mine management treatments of Occupational & non-occupational Compensation to workers for : As per ESI / Medical Reimbursement / workmen health impairments due to compensation Act injury or illness & amount of compensation
75 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
4. PREDICTION OF IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES
4.0 INTRODUCTION Impact prediction is a very important phenomenon in evaluating the environmentally potential adverse impacts for any proposed mine project. The impact prediction is always carried out under worst possible conditions so as to mitigate or to eliminate the environmental hazards. These predictions thus calculated are superimposed over the baseline data to calculate the net impact on the environment after the proposed mine Project comes into production. 4.1 AIR ENVIRONMENT The impacts on air environment from a mining activity depend on various factors like production capacity, machinery involved, operations and maintenance of various equipments and vehicle. Apart from these, there will be other activities associated viz transportation of mineral and waste, stocking facilities and dump management within the mine lease area that may contribute to pollution. 4.1.1 Air Emissions Prediction of impacts on air environment has been carried out taking into consideration of the proposed production and increase in emissions. The proposal for maximum Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand production is 4199383.20 cum/Year. Hence, to estimate the impacts, maximum production of 419938.20 cum/Year of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand has been considered. The proposed mining is carried out by manual open cast method by using wire saw cutting method.. The air borne particulate matter is the main air pollutant contributed by mining and mineral process operations. Resultant ground level concentration for the prevailing meteorological conditions using the mathematical model were estimated. 4.1.2 QUANTITATIVE ESTIMATION OF IMPACTS ON AIR ENVIRONMENT An attempt has been made to predict the incremental rise of various ground level concentrations above the baseline status in respect of air pollution due to proposed maximum production of 419938.20 cum/Year of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand. The mathematical model employed for predictions in the present study is ISCST3 model,
76 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State. which was approved by United States Environmental Protection Agency for mining applications is used for predicting the Ground Level Concentrations (GLC) due to the mining activity. The Industrial Source Complex – Short Term model (ISCST3) is a computerized air quality model specifically designed for computing concentrations and deposition impacts of various emission sources. The model is based on the well-known Gaussain Plume formulation for computing concentrations and also the model has been specifically adapted to incorporate an improved gradient transfer deposition algorithm. Emissions for each source are apportioned into a series of particle size classes. Gravitational settling velocity and deposition velocity are calculated. Salient features of the ISCST3 model are given hereunder. ❖ Excavation operations are considered as area sources. ❖ Transportation of material on haulage roads has been considered as line source The predicted ground level concentrations for study period computed using EPA approved ISCST3 model are plotted as isopleths. 4.1.3 SOURCES OF DUST EMISSION The proposed mining is carried out by manual opencast method by using drilling. The air borne particulate matter generated by ore handling operations, transportation and screening of ore is the main air pollutant. The emissions of Sulphur dioxide (SO2), Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) contributed by diesel operated excavation/loading equipment and vehicles plying on haul roads are marginal. Prediction of impacts on air environment has been carried out taking into consideration proposed production and net increase in emissions. Based on the various operations involved in the production of minerals, the various emission sources have been identified as given below. a. Area sources. b. Line sources. Extraction of mineral from mine, are considered as area sources. Transportation of material from mining benches to various end points are considered as line sources. The impact of above sources on air environment is discussed below:
77 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
The other sources of air pollution are the dust generated during the movement of tippers on the haul road. Water tankers with spraying arrangement will be used for regular water sprinkling on the haul roads to ensure effective dust suppression. The tippers are well maintained so that exhaust smoke does not contribute abnormal values of noxious gases and un-burnt hydrocarbons. 4.1.4 EMISSION DETAILS All the emissions discussed above are quantified for proposed maximum production of 419938.20 cum/Year of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand. The existing air quality levels are covered in the baseline scenario. Excavation, loading and transportation through tippers and screening and crushing are the major sources, which are of significance. Therefore, the emissions considered for modeling are from excavation, transportation and screening of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand The emissions are computed based on AP-42 emission factors. Operational hours, activity rate, wind speed and moisture content have been considered for estimation of emissions from point and area sources. For line source, apart from operational hours, activity rate, moisture, silt content and vehicle weight have been considered. Predictions are carried out for the worst-case scenario of simultaneous operation of excavators (area sources) and tippers for transportation from mine pit to loading pit (line sources) over a distance of 500 m. the manual operations are covered to an extent of 100 m. in the mine. The number of working days has been taken at 300 days per year with 8 hours of operation/day, hence the concentrations predicted are considered to be the worst case. With control measures, the emissions have been taken at 30% of uncontrolled emissions for handling and 10% of uncontrolled emissions for transportation. The emissions computed for the proposed production are given below. 4.1.5 METEOROLOGICAL DATA The meteorological data recorded continuously during the month of October 2019 – December - 2020 on hourly basis on wind speed, wind direction and temperature has been processed to extract the 24- hourly mean meteorological data as per the guidelines 78 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State. of IMD and MoEF for application of ISCST3 model. Stability classes computed for the mean hours is based on guidelines issued by CPCB on modeling. Mixing heights representative of the region have been taken from the available published literature. Annexure - H provides the mean meteorological data used for modeling. EMISSION DETAILS (BASIS – AP-42: EMISSION ESTIMATION TECHNIQUE MANUAL FOR MINING) A Excavation of Minerals – Area Source Proposed Quantity, Cum 4,19,938.2 Operational Hours per year 2400 Activity Rate, t/hr 174.97 Emission of dust, gm/t 0.1 Emission of dust gm/hr 17.49 Area of influence, m2 100 Uncontrolled Emission Rate g/s/m2 0.000014 Controlled emission rate g/s/m2 0.000034
B Transport of Minerals – Haulage Emissions Proposed Quantity, Cum 4,19,938.2 Operational Hours per year 2400 Capacity of each Tipper (T) 10 Total No. of Tippers/year 41993.8 Lead length/trip, Km 0.5 Total VKT/year Km 20996.9 +Emission kg/VKT 0.91 Total emission kg/year 19107.17 Uncontrolled emission rate g/s/m 0.00022 Controlled emission rate g/s/m 0.0019
Note: Emission factor computed based on wind speed of 2m/sec and silt content of 10% and moisture of 10% 4.1.6. SUMMARY OF PREDICTED GROUND LEVEL CONCENTRATIONS Ground level concentrations due to the mining activities have been estimated to know the incremental raise and extent of impact in the study area.
79 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
The maximum ground level concentration is estimated to be about 9.55 μg/m3 within the mine area, where mining operations are being carried out. The concentration was found to reduce to a value of less than 3.18 μg/m3 at a distance of about 0.5 km from the mining operations. The impact of mining operations would be negligible beyond 1.0 km. Figure – 5.1 represents the spatial distribution of the predicted ground level concentrations of PM 10 due to emissions from mine and the following table shows the over all scenario: Predicted value superimposed on the existing baseline value gives the overall scenario, which would prevail during study period once mine is operated for the proposed production. The following table shows the overall scenario: OVERALL SCENARIO: μg/m3 BUFFER ZONE Baseline CORE ZONE Concentr Predicted Overall Village Name ation Concentration Scenario (PM10) Baseline Concentration 50 Down wind direction 53 3.18 56.18 PM10 (Max) Predicted 9.55 Girmapur 56 <1.06 57.06 Concentration (Max) Rayalapuram(Railpur) 50 <1.06 51.06 Banda Madhavaram 39 <1.06 40.06 Srirangavram 36 <1.06 37.06 Overall Scenario 59.55 Lingapur 30 <1.06 31.06 Dabilpur 51 <1.06 52.06 Medchal(Near 58 <1.06 59.06 Nishapark) Specified NAAQ limit 100 Specified NAAQ limit for Residential area 100
4.1.7 PROPOSED MITIGATION MEASURES FOR DUST SUPPRESSION • Dust suppression arrangements at all dust generation points • Grading of haul roads time to time and cleaning to remove the accumulated dusty material and Regular maintenance of the transport vehicles
80 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
• Avoiding of overloading of tippers and covering of loaded tippers with tarpaulins during ore transportation and Dust mask provision to workers. • 50 m barrier zone will be maintained all along the mine lease boundary and green belt will be maintained in the barrier zone. • Human habitation is on the north direction i.e. (Girmapur village is at 1.3 km) from the lease area. Apart from the 50 m barrier zone a 30 m width of wind break of 3 tiers of 10 m each is provided. • Periodical monitoring of air quality to take steps to control the pollutants.
81 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
Fig.4.1 Isopleth Showing GLC’s – Post Project Scenario
82 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
4.2 NOISE ENVIRONMENT 4.2.1 ANTICIPATED IMPACTS To reduce the noise levels at source, proper and timely maintenance and up keeping of mining machinery is being carried out as per instructions of manufacturers. The main sources of noise in the mine are classified as follows: • Stationary mining equipment • Mobile Mining equipment • Transportation vehicles • Screening Impacts of vibrations on the surrounding environment The drilling is confined to the mine lease area, so the impact on the surrounding environment is negligible. The vibration developed due to haulage of vehicles and drilling will be less feeble with 8 Hz. 4.2.2 PROPOSED MITIGATING MEASURES The operations of the mining equipment, plying of vehicles and mining machinery operation are the major sources of undesirable noise in the proposed project area. The following control measures are proposed for brining down the noise levels. • Greenbelt will be made around the working areas to screen the noise and also for arresting fugitive dust • Maintenance and tuning of machinery would be ensured to reduce undesirable noise. • Earplugs and earmuffs will be provided to the workmen. • Limiting time exposure of workers to excessive noise. 4.3 WATER ENVIRONMENT 4.3.1 Impact on Surface Water Mining activities cause adverse impacts due to mine drainage and siltation due to storm water. The impact on water environment has been considered under the following heads: • Water consumption
83 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
• Mine seepage and impact on ground water • Impact on surface water bodies • Storm water management 4.3.2 Water Consumption The water requirement for this proposed mining activity will be 15 KLD. Breakup details are: Sl. No: Purpose Quantity (KLD) 1 Dust suppression purpose 08 2 Domestic purpose 03 3 Greenbelt purpose 04 Total 15
There is no generation & discharge of wastewater from this mine. 4.3.3 ANTICIPATED IMPACTS The stream courses should be well protected by leaving a safety margin of 15.0 m on either side with raised bunds to prevent storm water entering the natural courses in and around the quarry lease area during rainy days. No adverse effect is anticipated to water regime of the area. 4.3.4 IMPACT ON SURROUNDING WATER BODIES: Water will be required for mining operations mainly for sprinkling on haulage roads and at open cast faces during mining activity for suppression of dust. Water is also required for domestic and greenbelt purposes. The water requirement will be 15 KLD. This will be sourced from ground water. Impact on surface water quality: There are no major water bodies present within 10 km. radius. No waste water generation from mining operation. Only wastewater generation will be sanitary wastewater, which will be treated in septic tank followed by soak pit. Hence there will not be any impact on surface water due to mining operations.
84 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
Impact on Ground Water Quality: The mining operation will not affect water regime. Hence there will not be any intersect of mining operation with ground water table. Hence there will not be impact on ground water quality due to mining operations.
4.3.5 MITIGATION MEASURES • Construction of check dams and gully plugs • Systematic drainage system for diverting the surface run-off during monsoon • Plantation of local varieties of species • Regular monitoring and analyzing the quality of water • De-silting will be carried out before and immediately after the monsoon season 4.4 LAND ENVIRONMENT 4.4.1 POSSIBLE IMPACT ON GEOLOGY & MITIGATION • The top soil should be removed and stacked separately to be utilized for plantation. • The drilling activity, movement of workmen, quarrying of mineral and haulage of tractors/ trailers will generate dust and there is likely chance to settle in the stream, inhalation by workmen and also will have sedimentation affect over the wind ward side. This should be arrested at the origin by regular sprinkling of water regular intervals on haul roads. The workers should be provided with masks and earplugs, safety eye glass wear will contain or minimize health hazard. 4.4.2 ANTICIPATED IMPACTS ON LAND ENVIRMENT An effective programme of land restoration will be drawn and implanted to bring back the status to as near the pre-mining conditions as possible. The salient features are as enumerated below. A green belt development will be planted meticulously. It is proposed to reclaim all the worked-out area by suitable soil conservation and afforestation methods. This operation is carried out concurrent to mining during next scheme period onwards. The roads shall have avenue trees and thus a green belt developed. Land degradation will take place by dumping of waste, and the reclamation
85 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State. of this dumping area shall also be included in the programme. It is always necessary to keep the area under disturbance at any stage to the minimum possible. This can be achieved by ensuring reclamation of the excavated area simultaneously with mining activates by reducing the gap between reclamation and excavation to the minimum. 4.4.3. RECLAMATION Reclamation of mined out portions are not proposed during first scheme period as the mining operations will not reach to the full extent of mineral deposit. Progressive trenching and embankment by safety bunding will be taken up. As a measure of protection 2m corridor all along the lease corridor a protection bund will be raised, a safety pit will be excavated with 1.5m width and one-meter depth will be excavated to avoid the trespassing of the human and cattle / wild life into the lease hold area. The pit slope will be maintained a 23o in order to protect humans and cattle / wild life protection. ➢ The current land use type of project site is land with scrub. This land will be converted in to mining area. ➢ As per land break up single crop land, double crop lands and plantations are the major land use type covering the study area. Crop land and mining area are influencing factors to the environment. ➢ There are small scale industries within in the study area ➢ Nearest village is Girmapur (1.3 Km) village. ➢ The reserved forest areas are devoid of any species of economic value. The forest is mostly of scrub type consisting of thorny bushes and shrubs of xerophytes group. ➢ Sugarcane, Jowar, Paddy and groundnut are major rain fed and canal irrigation crops categorized as single and double crops.
The mining area is hilly and undulating land. The waste filled dump sites shall be terraced with overall slope in the direction of natural ground level slope. In most cases, the overall slope of back filled surface shall merge with natural slope. The topographical impact will be mainly one of color contrast between then mined rock surfaces and surrounding vegetation (shrubs and grasses). However, the topographical
86 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State. impact will remain localized, given that the site is contained and the change in topography will not have appreciable impact on drainage and aesthetics. The top soil in the mining area is scanty. Whatever is available will have to be excavated during the development of the mine pits. Most of this soil is rocky in nature and will get mixed with the over burden. Temporary storage of top soil over burden may cause some loss of nutrients and this cannot be avoided. The top soil will be subjected to water borne erosion during rainy season from reclamation areas when in unconsolidated state. A combination of diversion ditches and garland drains will be constructed to minimize soil loss. A large amount of soil loss can be arrested in contour trenches, which will be collected and put back to the reclamation areas. Since the mining area is contained to only 9.90 Ha. The effect on the land environment will be negligible. There shall be no leachate from the lease area. There shall be soil erosion of the loose soil of waste dumps which shall be contained. The adverse effect of the mining activity on the bio diversity shall be mitigated by employing proper mitigating measures. 4.4.4 PROPOSED MITIGATING MEASURES The land management plays an important role in reducing the adverse impacts caused by surface mining operation. Land management is required in the key areas like land use scheme within the ML area, calendar plan, mine bench advancement to arrest indiscriminate degradation of landform, top soil preservation, overburden management, soil erosion control and the restoration of the mine pits. On each of these prime areas of land management, the following schemes are proposed. Land use: The project covers a total ML area of 9.90 Ha of Got land. The ML area is principally degraded land and has sporadic patches of very little shrub vegetal cover in the lease area. It may be observed from the proposed mine general layout. The core zone landscape can be improved by tree plantation, shrub growth etc., which are outlined separately under eco-restoration.
87 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
4.5 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT 4.5.1 ANTICIPATED IMPACTS Biological Impact Assessment (BIA) is an important ant integral part of the EIA. For the purposes of the BIA, the study area is divided in the core and buffer areas. The direct impacts shall be limited to the core area. Mine lease area is a Govt.land. There are no National Parks, Wildlife sanctuaries, Biosphere reserves or other protected areas either in the core area or in the buffer zone. Prediction of impacts is based both on the direct and indirect; short-term as well as long- term; irreversible and irreversible impacts that are most likely to occur owing to the proposed industrial activity during establishment and operation. The ecological factors that are considered most significant as far as the impact on flora and fauna are concerned: 1. Whether there shall be any reduction in species diversity 2. Whether there shall be any habitat loss or fragmentation 3. Whether there shall be any additional risk or threat to the rare or endangered or endemic or threatened (REET)species 4. Whether there shall be any impairment of ecological functions such as Disruption of food chains, (ii) decline in species population and or (iii) alterations in predator-prey relationships. The direct and the most destructive impacts of the project are limited to the mine lease area only. There is going to be a change in the land use and land cover owing to the mining activity. The existing flora and vegetation of the mine lease is going to be lost slowly in a phased manner owing to digging or dumping of overburden and waste. Among the plant species that are going to be lost, the annuals and therophytes are highly resilient and they can come back once the intensity and frequency of disturbances decrease. As there are no rare or endangered or endemic or threatened (REET) species, continuation of mining will not pose any additional problem to any REET species. Hence, the impact of the project on flora is negligible. As far as the fauna is concerned, the proposed mining could endanger the habitat of some unseen reptiles and rodents that
88 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State. may be present in burrows. But it is incapable of posing any additional threat to any Schedule I species either directly or indirectly. Vegetation and flora of the buffer zone: There are no Eco sensitive areas such as the biosphere reserves, wildlife sanctuaries or national parks or IBAs or Ramsar Wetlands within the 10 km buffer zone. But there are reserve forests in the buffer zone. The reserve forests are represented by the Dabilpur RF, Gudavalli RF, Kanukunta RF, Ellampet RF. Pochampalli Kalan RF, Pochampalli Khurd RF, Dindigal RF, Kanukunta RF and Kandla RF. The reserve forests are scattered on all sides and they come under Tropical dry deciduous scrub jungles. They are open scrub jungles dominated by thorny shrubs and invasive species. Apart from the forests, there are built up areas, croplands and plantations including orchards. A list of trees, shrubs and perennial climbers found in the buffer zone is given in Table 2-Annexure-D. The list includes the avenue trees grown in residential areas also. A list of crops and fruit trees grown in the buffer zone is shown in Table 3- Annexure-D. Owing to the extended rainy season in 2020, many herbaceous plants were also found in the study area. They are listed in Table 4 - Annexure-D. Terrestrial Fauna of the study area: As the animals, especially the vertebrates and the winged invertebrates move from place to place in search of food, shelter, mate or other biological needs, separate lists for core and buffer areas are not desirable. The core area has two distinct types of topography and vegetation. Within the dense scrub jungle part, Peacocks and Wild boars were sighted. There are no Sanctuaries, National Parks, Tiger Reserve or Biosphere Reserve or Elephant Corridor or other protected areas within 10 Km of radius from core area. It is evident from the available records, reports and circumstantial evidence that the entire study area including the core and buffer areas were free from any endangered animals except, Peacock, a Schedule I bird. Among the Mammals, only Squirrels, Mongoose, Rats, Bandicoots and Rabbits were seen noticed during the survey. Monkeys were found in some parts of the buffer zone. Among the reptiles, Lizards, Garden lizards were common. No snakes were seen during the survey but their occurrence can’t be ruled out. They may be found now and then in some place or the other in the study area. Other 89 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State. reptiles were very rare. The amphibians were also rare. A list of Mammals, Reptiles and Amphibians either found or reported from the area is given in Table 5-Annexure D. A list of birds either found or recorded or reported is given in Table 6- Annexure D. There were no resident birds other than Crows, Parrots, Doves, and Weaver birds, Swifts, Quails and Mynas. It is apparent from the list that Peacock is the only Schedule I species found in the study area including the core area. But it belongs to the Least concern (LC) category of the IUCN. A list of birds either spotted or reported or recorded from the area under consideration is given in Table 6- Annexure D. The data is verified with Avibase and there are no RET species. Aquatic flora and Fauna of the study area: There are only small and medium irrigation tanks in the buffer zone. There are no perennial reservoirs in the study area. There are storm water streams in the buffer zone. All the tanks were full this year on account of copious rains till November. A list of aquatic and semiaquatic plants found along the banks of the water bodies and in shallow waters is given in Table 7.- Annexure D A list of fishes grown in the tanks is given in Table 8- Annexure D. Prediction of Impacts on Biodiversity: Prediction of impacts is based both on the direct and indirect; short-term as well as long- term; irreversible and irreversible impacts that are most likely to occur owing to the proposed activity during establishment and operation. The ecological factors that are considered most significant as far as the impact on flora and fauna are concerned: 1.Whether there shall be any reduction in species diversity or loss of any rare or endangered or threatened species? 2.Whether there shall be any habitat loss or fragmentation 3.Whether there shall be any additional risk or threat to the rare or endangered or endemic or threatened (REET)species 4.Whether there shall be any impairment of ecological functions such as (i) disruption of food chains, (ii) decline in species population and or (iii) alterations in predator-prey relationships. As stated in the project proposal, it is an opencast semi mechanized rough stone quarry 90 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State. involving no forest land. There are no forest and wildlife related issues. Hence, there shall be no loss of forests. The landscape is going to undergo drastic change. But yet there shall be no loss of any RET flora or fauna on account of quarrying. The proposes activity will not lead to any fragmentation of wildlife habitats. There shall be no disruption in food chains. Predator-prey relationships are not going to be altered. The loss of fodder and firewood is minor. Grazing shall be permitted in the areas unopened. Thus, the essential needs of the local landless people and families are met to a large extent. (Detailed report given in annexure-D)
4.6 SOCIO- ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT 4.6.1 ANTICIPATED IMPACTS The local areas will be benefited by way of generation of employment opportunities, increased demand for local products and services. There will be an overall improvement in the income level of the local people. The project creates employment to about 40 persons once the mine in operation. Priority will be given to locals for Semi-Skilled and Unskilled jobs. With the development of this project there will be lot of scope for more industrial investments which in turn will benefit the nation. There will be a certain enhancement of educational and medical standards of people in the study area. There will be generally positive and beneficial impacts by way of economic improvements, transportation, aesthetic environment and business generation. There will be an overall upliftment of socio-economic status of people in the area. 4.6.2 PROPOSED MITIGATING MEASURES Employment opportunities will be provided to the local people. Financial assistance will be provided for conducting local sports, religious and cultural activities. Medical camps will be arranged regularly for the villagers.
4.7 OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH ENVIRONMENT Occupational health and safety hazards occur during the operational phase of mining and primarily include the following: 91 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
• Respiratory hazards • Noise • Physical hazards • Explosive storage and handling 4.7.1 RESPIRATORY HAZARDS Long-term exposure to silica dust may cause silicosis The following measures are proposed: • Excavators, dumpers, dozers, drills other automated equipments will be enclosed • Use of personal breathing protection will be made compulsory. NOISE Workers are likely to get exposed to excessive noise levels during quarrying activities The following measures are proposed for implementation • No employee will be exposed to a noise level greater than 75 dB(A) for a duration of more than 8 hours per day without hearing protection • The use of hearing protection will be enforced actively when the equivalent sound level reaches <75 dB(A). • Ear muffs provided will be capable of reducing sound levels at the ear to at least 75 dB(A) • Periodic medical hearing checks will be performed on workers exposed to high noise levels 4.7.2 PHYSICAL HAZARDS The following measures are proposed for control of physical hazards Specific personnel training on work-site safety management will be taken up; • Work site assessment will be done by rock scaling of each surface exposed to workers to prevent accidental rock falling and / or landslide. • Natural barriers, temporary railing, or specific danger signals will be provided along rock benches or other pit areas where work is performed at heights more than 2m from ground level;
92 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
• Maintenance of yards, roads and footpaths, providing sufficient water drainage and preventing slippery surfaces with an all-weather surface, such as coarse gravel will be taken up. 4.7.3 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SURVEY All the persons will undergo preplacement examination at the time of joining for the following test • General physics tests • Audiometric tests • Full chest, X-ray, Lung function tests, Spirometry tests Essential medicines will be provided at the site. The medicines and other test facilities will be provided at free of cost.
The first aid box will be made available at the mine for immediate treatment. Employees are monitored for occupational diseases by conducting the following tests • Periodic medical examination – yearly • Lung function test – yearly, those who are exposed to dust • Audiometry – yearly • Chest X-ray once in five years • Eye test First aid training is imparted to the selected employees regularly. The list of first aid members is displayed at strategic places.
93 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
5. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
5.0 INTRODUCTION The mining development in the study area needs to intertwined with judicious utilization of natural resources within the limits of permissible assimilative capacity. The assimilative capacity of the study area is the maximum amount of pollution load that can be discharged in the environment without affecting the designated use and is governed by dilution, dispersion and removal due to natural physio-chemical and biological processes. The Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is required to ensure sustainable development in the study area. This chapter the proposed measures required for meeting the prevailing statutory requirements of gaseous emissions, wastewater discharge characteristics, noise levels etc. for environmental management purpose in connection with the mining and mining related activities in the study area. This section discusses the management plan for mitigation/abatement impacts and enhancement of beneficial impacts due to mining. The Environmental Management Plan (EMP) has been designed within the framework of various Indian legislative and regulatory requirements on environmental and socio- economic aspects. Environmental Management Plan giving the environmental protection measures at mine to meet the stipulated norms of IBM/MoEF are as detailed under.
5.1 AIR POLLUTION CONTROL MEASURES The present ambient air quality measurements in the mine area are well within the limits. Due to the proposed production of 419938.20 cum/year of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand, there will be marginal increase in dust concentrations.
Mitigative measures suggested for air pollution control are based on the baseline ambient air quality monitoring data. From the point of view of maintenance of an acceptable ambient air quality in the region, it is desirable that air quality should be monitored on a
94 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State. regular basis to check it vis-à-vis the standards prescribed by CPCB and in cases of non- compliance appropriate mitigative measures shall be adopted.
The following dust prone areas are identified for adopting proper control measures in the mine area. i) Drilling & Blasting ii) Excavation iii) Transportation
The environmental control measures which will be implemented to control the fugitive dust released from the proposed production are given below:
• Wet drilling system & Dust proof • Use of sharp drill bits for drilling holes. The charge concentration of the explosives will be between 10 – 40 grams per linear meter. • Water sprinkling arrangements such as specially fabricated tankers mounted on tipper are deployed at mine site to control the fugitive dust generation from the haulage roads. • Regular grading of haul roads and service roads to clear accumulation of loose material • The blasted blocks (temporary) are wetted by spraying water • Excavation operations are suspended during periods of very strong winds. • Massive afforestation for control of dust • Spraying of water on sub grade stacks • The vehicles and machinery are kept in well-maintained condition so that emission of fugitive constituents is minimized. • Plantation of wide leaf trees, creepers, tall grass around working pit, along roads will help suppress dust. • Tall trees with an average height of 5 m will be developed all along the boundary of the lease area to minimize the dispersion of the dust from the mining.
95 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
• Periodical monitoring of air quality to take steps to control the pollutants. Measures to minimize dust Inhalation All the above measures would be adopted to prevent dust generation at site and to be dispersed in the outside environment. However, for the safety of workers at site, engaged at strategic locations/dust generation points like loading etc., dust masks would be provided. Dust masks would prevent inhalation of PM thereby reducing the risk of lung diseases and other respiratory disorders
Controlling of SO2 & NOX Levels The source of SO2 & Nox would be due to vehicular emissions. This can be controlled by proper & regular maintenance and servicing of vehicles. The emissions of all vehicles used for transport will be in accordance with the MOEF norms Vehicular emission control (VEC): Vehicular emissions from diesel operated transport equipment can be contained, by avoiding idle running and overloading of the engine. In addition, the engines shall be periodically serviced to ensure proper tuning and exhaust gases monitored on a regular basis to check smoke and CO levels.
Controlling of SO2 & NOX Levels
The source of SO2 & NOx would be due to vehicular emissions. This can be controlled by proper & regular maintenance and servicing of vehicles. The emissions of all vehicles used for transport will be in accordance with the MOEF norms. VIBRATION LEVELS Ground vibration, fl rock, air blast, noise, dust and fumes are the effects of blasting on environment. The seismic wave due to explosive energy in the ground can cause significant damage to structures and disturbance to human occupants due to vibration. The vibration / Particle Velocity (Peak Particle Velocity) is measured in millimeter per second. The standards for safe limit of PPV are established by Director General of Quarries Safety for safe level criteria through Circular No. 7 dated, 29/8/1997. The safe level criteria PPV as mentioned in Circular No. 7 of DGMS is presented below.
96 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
Permissible Peak Particle Velocity (mm/s) S.No. Type of Structure Dominant Frequency
As the distance increases the PPV value is likely to reduce. The ground vibrations generated by blasting during the quarry operations will be maintained well within standards prescribed by DGMS by controlled blasting and optimum charge. Ground
97 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State. vibrations are not likely to affect the structures in the vicinity of quarry lease applied area. VIBRATIONS AND FLY ROCKS CONTROL MEASURES: The blasting operations will be carried out by drilling and blasting. The measures for abatement of ground vibration, air blast and fly rocks are detailed below: • Blasting will be performed strictly as per the guidelines specified under MMR, 1961.
• Proper design of blast with correct spacing, burden & optimum charge / delay
• Supervision of drilling and blasting operations to ensure blast design geometry as per planning
• Sub-drilling will be kept adequate to eliminate toe formation
• Supervision of drilling and blasting operations to ensure blast design geometry
• Sub-drilling will be kept just adequate to tear-off the bench bottom
• Blasting operations will be carried out only during day time as per DGMS guidelines.
• Proper warning signals will be used
• Adequate safe distance from habitation as per standards from centre of blasting will be maintained.
• Drilling parameters like overburden, depth, diameter and spacing will be properly designed to ensure proper blast.
• Effective stemming of the explosives will be done in the drill holes.
5.2 NOISE POLLUTION CONTROL MEASURES The ambient noise level monitoring is carried out in and around the proposed mine shows that ambient noise levels are well within the stipulated limits of CPCB.
98 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
Noise generation may be for an instant, intermittent or for continuous periods, with low to high decibels. Periodic inspection and checks of the risk prone areas and equipments have to be conducted. To control noise pollution during the proposed mining operations following steps will be practiced.
• The noise generated by the machinery will be reduced by proper lubrication of the machinery and equipment. • The workers employed should be provided with personal hearing protection equipment, with earmuffs and earplugs combined, as a protection from the high noise level generated at the plant site. • The provision of green barrier along the boundary will further reduce the propagation of noise level generated. • Limiting time exposure of workers to excessive noise. • Speed of trucks entering or leaving the mine is limited to moderate speed of 25 kmph to prevent undue noise from empty tippers. • The workers will be provided with protection equipment, earmuffs and earplugs as a protection from the high noise level generated at the mine site wherever required. • Speed of trucks will be limited to moderate speed of 25 KMPH to prevent undue noise form empty trucks. • Planting of trees has been taken up along the mining lease boundary for controlling noise apart from earmarking the limit of the mine pit boundary. • Proper maintenance will be done for noise generating machinery including transport vehicles.
5.3 WATER POLLUTION CONTROL MEASURES The lease area is a Plain land. It does not have any water body. The surrounding area is also free from any water tanks or big nallahs in 500m circumference.
99 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
To avoid soil erosion, rain water entering on to the waste dumps which are located along the hill slopes, thus affecting their stability, the mine management proposed to provide suitable garland drains and Check dams along the ridges of the hills. Therefore, the impacts due to storm water flow there by soil erosion followed by siltation are minimal. The salient features on the mitigation measures are:
• Garland drain will be provided to check soil wash off during monsoons. • Construction of check dams & Gully plugs across seasonal/perennial nallahs flowing through the ML area • Run-off from the mining area will be passed through a series of arrestor dams with filter beds to allow settling of solid particles. • Contour bunding and trenches are proposed during monsoon to minimize soil erosion. • Arrestor wall, protective bunds and trenches will be provided • Water quality monitoring will be carried out in all the seasons The impact on the surrounding water regime can thus be minimized ensuring flow of fairly clean water out of the leasehold area.
5.4 LAND ENVIRONMENT 5.4.1 WASTE MANAGEMENT Considering the recovery of Rough Stone & Road Metal is 100%. No waste is anticipated to be generated. Storage and preservation of top soil: No top soil occurs in the area and is any soil is recovered in the course of quarrying, will be stored separately and used for plantation purposes. Soil erosion control: The soil erosion is expected to be very less due to the lease area being plain and undulating. The overburden and topsoil dumps would be provided with checkdam / bund wall to prevent carryover of soil particles / silt to the drainage channels on the slopes during monsoon period.
100 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
Land restoration: Mining will be carried out in accordance with rule 32 of GCDR, 1999. Obliging this rule, restoration, reclamation and rehabilitation of the lands affected by mining will be done by back filling, soil amelioration and afforestation. This will be taken up on need basis before the conclusion of mining operations. The back filling of the mine starts from the eastern end and proceeds towards western side. Reclamation of the effected land includes, back filling, drainage development, spreading and fertilizing the soil (soil amelioration), leveling and revegetation etc. Care will be taken to implement the said factors
5.5 ENVIRONMENTAL MAPANAGEMENT PLANT FOR ECOLOGY & BIODIVERSITY Budget for wildlife Conservation: When the whole or a part of the buffer zone is shared by different mining projects or industrial units and if a Schedule I is reported from that common area and if each one gives his / her own conservation plan, will it be possible to implement it? Mass education to motivate the people and seek their Involvement wildlife conservation is one area where every project proponent can play a role. However, when it comes to really conserving a species in crisis, we need an integrated conservation plan and an authority to enforce and monitor. That is why the State of India’s Birds 2020 Report, suggests that it is important to promote collaborations between public initiatives and researchers. It also suggests that the government should support the monitoring and conservation efforts by citizens and researchers. The report also suggests that there should be a dedicated fund for high concern species so that scientists and researchers can save those birds. The government may create a wildlife fund for monitoring and conservation of wildlife in crisis and entrust the responsibility of monitoring and conservation to an authority such the Wildlife Department, Indian Institute of Wildlife etc. The PPs may be charged based on a scientific criterion under the Corporate Environmental Responsibility (CER). Pending approval and implementation of such projects, the project proponent offers to spend the following amounts (Table 10) as an interim measure:
101 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
Table 5.1: Activities proposed and budget allocation for Wildlife conservation for 5 years S.No Activity Annual Total 1 Contributions to the Forest and Wildlife Department 25,000 1,25,000 for implementation of conservation plans 2 Awards and rewards for promoting the afforestation 10,000 50,000 programs 3 Mass education and constitution of Eco-clubs 20,000 1,00,000 Grand total allocations for five years 55,000 2,75,000 III: 4 . PP should submit the detailed plan in tabular format (year-wise for life of mine) for afforestation and green belt development in and around the mining lease. The PP should submit the number of saplings to be planted, area to be covered under afforestation & greenbelt, location of plantation, target for survival rate and budget earmarked for the afforestation& green belt development. In addition to this PP should show on a surface plan (5-yearinterval for life of mine) of suitable scale the area to be covered under afforestation & greenbelt clearly mentioning the latitude and longitude of the area to be covered during each 5years. The capital and recurring expenditure to be incurred needs to be submitted. Presently in India there are many agencies which are developing forest in short interval of time. Thus, for the plantation activities details of the experts/agencies to be engaged needs to be provided with budgetary provisions. In accordance with the above, detailed for greenbelt development and afforestation plan is prepared. It may be stated that on account of shortage of overburden and top soil, backfilling is not possible. Hence, there shall be a void at the end of mining. Apart from a greenbelt or the safety area of 7.5 m width around the entire mine lease area where no mining shall be done. An area of over 1.6 Ha of gullies shall be retained. Keeping in view of the practical problems such as the soil supporting capacity, water supply and the need for use of tractors, the space between columns and rows shall be 3x3m. After leaving sufficing gap for approach roads, the final number of trees per hectare is taken as 900. It is impossible to grow 1500 or more trees beyond 4 or 5 years. Such high density is suitable for high density energy plantations and pulpwood plantations which are harvested after 4 or 5 years. The proposed restoration goes beyond what was existing before the plantation. beyond.
102 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
Implementation of Plan for progressive greenbelt development and afforestation is a real challenge since there is no soil and the mine site in the present form cannot support high density plantations. A list of plants suggested for greenbelt is shown in Table-5.2 (Table 11-annexure D.) An area of 3.3 Ha shall be brought under plantations at a cost of Rs. 9,00,000. Total number of trees proposed to be grown is 2,700 with a survival rate of about 333. Cost of estimates for restoration and afforestation is given in Table 5.3 (Table 12-annexure-D). Table 5.2: List of plants suggested for greenbelt and afforestation in the safe zone. Scientific name Local / Common name Main purpose Acacia auriculiformis Australian wattle Drought resistant and evergreen Albizzia lebbeck Dirisna / Sireesha Multipurpose native tree Azadirachta indica Vepa Multipurpose native tree Bambusa vulgaris Yellow Bamboo Growing well in the mine lease Conocarpus lancifolius Dubai Chettu An exotic but most promising evergreen tree (Fig 2) Dalbergia sissoo Seesam / sissoo Native timber Tree Dendrocalamus strictus Veduru Growing well in the mine lease Ficus racemosa Medi chettu Minor fruit tree. Supports birds Ficus benghalensis Marri chettu Shade and shelter for birds Ficus benjamina Konda Juvvi Can be propagated from cuttings Gmelina arborea Gummadi teku Native timber tree Holoptelea integrifolia Nemali nara Drought resistant forest Tree Lagerstroemia parviflora Chinnangi Ornamental tree Luecaena leucocephala Subabul Fodder legume Mangifera indica Maamidi chettu Fruit tree Melia dubia Malabar neem Fast growing Timber tree Phaseolus trilobatus Pilli pesara Fodder legume for ground cover Phoenix sylvestris Yeetha chettu Multipurpose palm Phyllanthus emblica Vusiri Amla Fruit Pithecellobium dulce Seema Chinta Minor fruit Polyalthia longifolia Ashoka Avenue tree Polyalthia pendula Ashoka Suitable for high density Pongamia pinnata Gaanuga Biodiesel and legume Sapindus emarginatus Kunkudu Soap nut Sesbania aculeata Sesban Green manure Sesbania grandis Avisa Tree fodder Sesbania rostrata Sesban Green manure Spathodia companulata African Tulip Ornamental tree Sterculia urens Adavi baadam Tall tree for top layer
103 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
Stylosanthes hamata Hamata Fodder legume Syzygium cumini Neredu Fruit tree Tamarindus indica Chinta Tamarind Tectona grandis Teak Best timber tree Terminalia arjuna Tella maddi Timber Tree Ziziphus mauritiana Regu Edible fruits
Conocarous lancifolius growing on waste dump in one of mine leases outside the present mine lease. Endemic to Yemem where it is placed under the vulnerable (VU) category. Extremely resistant to drought, dust, pollution and tolerant to salinity. Thick foliage and low leaf shedding make it the best candidate for thick greenbelt and afforestation. Table 5.3. Cost of estimates for restoration and afforestation Spacing between columns and rows 3 x 3 m 900 /Ha Line Item Cost Total area Amount Cost of preparation of land: Filling and 75,000 / Ha 3 2,25,000 levelling Water supply / drip / fertilizers / 75,000/ Ha 3 2,25,000 alignment Cost of saplings Including replacement 50 per 3,000 1,50,000 sapling saplings Total cost of Transplantation 50,000 3 1,50,000 (Establishment) Maintenance including gap filling 25,000 3 75,000 Second, third, fourth- and fifth-year 25,000 3 75,000 maintenance Grand total cost of afforestation 2700 Trees 3Ha 9,00,000
SOIL CONSERVATION: There is only a thin mantle of top soil in some locations while in other areas there is no soil at all. The entire top soil be used for growing fruit trees, gardening, block plantations both in the mine lease area There shall be very little overburden or waste rock and it shall be used for the formation of internal roads and construction of rockfill check dams. The active mine pits are like stone paved surface. At the end, whatever little waste rock is available, it shall be used for building a stonewall around the mine pits; overburden shall be used for back filling and the top soil shall be used for covering the surface of back filled areas. Over 90% of the mine shall remain void and it will serve as a water
104 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State. body. Action plan for soil conservation should take in to account the following criteria and considerations: i) Soil: Extent or area of vacant land; topography of soil; slope or gradient; texture, structure and composition of soil; land use and land cover; connectivity with the adjacent land mass ii) Rainfall: Intensity and frequency of rainfall and drainage. Based on the above, engineering or biological or integrated land, water and afforestation programme are designed. Measures for prevention of surface runoff and water conservation are capable of preventing soil erosion. Integrated land, water and greenbelt development Programme: Integrated land and soil conservation; water, wasteland utilization and greenbelt development programme is based on the aforesaid practical considerations. It involves integration of physical or engineering systems and biological systems for sustainable development. The main objectives of the programme are: 1. Rain water harvesting and ground water recharge 2. Prevention of soil erosion and nutrient enrichment 3. Greenbelt development and fodder production In order to achieve the objectives in an integrated manner, we plan to integrate physical or engineering and biological methods and mechanisms. A brief plan is as under: A: Engineering or Physical methods: 1. Digging of 1m deep, 2 m wide trenches continuous or discontinuous depending on rocks and gradient along the boundary of the mining site. Trenches shall be filled with top soil and organic manure in such a way that the trench will be 30 Cm below the adjacent land surface. 2. Bunds will be formed towards the lower part with the soil and rock taken out from the trench. The trenches will be made in to beds with bunds so that the whole systems resemble terrace cultivation. Rain water is diverted in to these beds and only the excess storm water goes down. 3. In addition, infiltration pits, trenches, rock fill check dams and ponds for temporary storage and infiltration of rain water shall be provided. 105 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
4. Locally available farm yard manure (goat manure) and poultry litter shall be used liberally to promote plant growth and to increase the water holding capacity of the soil. B: Biological methods: Development of two layered thick plant cover is the most effective solution for integrated land, water, wasteland utilization and greenbelt development. Drought resistant, non-palatable succulents such as Agave americana will be grown on the bunds. Rooted stem cuttings of Chukrasia tabularis and Ficus species will be planted in the beds in trenches during the rainy season. Scarified and soaked seeds of Subabul will be sown in large numbers after heavy shower. Hamata grass will be grown for prevention of erosion, trapping of rain water, nutrients and nitrogen fixation. Saplings grown in poly bags shall be planted in the beds during the rainy season. Drip irrigation shall be provided to improve water use efficiency. How it works: 1. Rain water or storm water will flow in to the series of beds which are 30 Cm below the adjacent land. The top spoil is trapped and the rain water percolates in to the ground leading to ground water recharge. Run off is reduced and erosion is checked. All fine soil particles that are carried by the rain water are deposited in the beds where a two-layer plant cover is developed. 2. As the plants start growing, they bind the soil; reduce the velocity of rain drops by intercepting the rain drops by plant canopy and enhancing the percolation rate. Deposition of plant litter will improve the ability of the soils to hold water and moisture which in turn promotes the growth of ground flora and soil biota such as earthworms. The trenches get filled up slowly with the transported soils, litter and organic debris in about 4 to 5 years. Thereafter, it does not require any intervention as it transforms in to a self-supporting system. 5.6 RAINWATER HARVESTING Open drains will be made to collect the storm waters from first order seasonal stream and as well as dumps which will be diverted into settling ponds through a series of check dams. This will act as rainwater recharging structure. Rainwater Harvesting System 106 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
(RWHS) designs and construction details that will be carried out in the nearby villages is as follows: Rain Water Harvesting Structure (RWHS) for Ground water Recharge: Size: 1.0m x 1.0m x 1.5m Construction Details of Rain Water harvesting system S.No Volume, Cu.m Description 1 4.5 Excavation in Hard Gravelly and all available soils 2 2.25 65 mm metal 3 1.25 20 mm metal 4 0.675 Coarse sand 5 0.24 CRS masonry in 1:6 prop. 6 4.5 Carting of excavated earth for a lead of 8 km.
RAIN WATER HARVESTING STRUCTURE TYPE – II SIZE 1.0 x 1.0 x 1.5 mts
5.7 WILD LIFE CONSERVATION PLAN FENCING THE MINE PITS The mine will be properly fenced by appropriate methods to prevent accidental fall of any animal. For this purpose, rubble wall fencing shall be quite useful and cost effective. BARRIER ZONE 7.5 m all along the Mine lease boundary will be planted with thick vegetation which will act as a barrier. No mining activity will be carried out in this area.
107 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
WATER HOLES & SALT LICKS Water holes & Salt licks will be made and maintained in the area as per the guidelines of Local Forest Officer. The mine management will contribute to the conservation plan prepared by Forest authorities for wild life conservation in the area.
5.8 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH & SAFETY MEASURES TO CONTROL DUST INHALATION ❖ Providing a working environment that is conducive to safety & health ❖ The management of occupational safety & health is the prime responsibility of mine management from the executive level to the first line supervisory level ❖ Employee involvement and commitment in the implementation of health and safety guidelines ❖ Provision of all necessary resources ❖ Implementing safety and health management system and assessing the effectiveness through periodic audits ❖ Setting of safety and health objectives based on comprehensive strategic plans and measure performance against these plans ❖ Monitoring the effects of mining activities on safety and health and conducting regular performance reviews ❖ Provision of necessary personal protective equipments ❖ Establishing and maintaining a system of medical surveillance for employees ❖ Ensuring employees at all levels receive appropriate training and are competent to carry out their duties and responsibilities. NOISE INDUCED HEARING LOSS (NIHL) Hearing conservation programs exists at all operations. Baseline audiogram forms the basis for future assessment of employees in terms of hearing loss. Using engineering initiatives to reduce noise at source is the priority management tool The hearing conservation programme includes the provision of Hearing Protection Devises (HPDs) and annual audiometry examination of all employees. Apart from
108 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State. provision of HPDs emphasis is also laid on training the employees responsibility to protect his/her hearing. OCCUPATIONAL LUNG DISEASES (OLD) There will be regular health camps for all the workers. Lung function tests, chest X-rays etc shall be carried out and any health disorders will be evaluated. In house facility for carrying out this tests and occupation specialists are employed for this facility. 5.9 BUDGET The capital cost for environmental protection and the recurring expenses towards the pollution control and environmental management measures, socio-economic development and occupational health and safety, etc are given in details in Table 5.4. TABLE 5.4: BUDGETARY ESTIMATION FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT Capital Recurring Sl.No Description Item Remarks Cost in RS. Cost in Rs. Dust Suppression Water tanker cost 1 Air Pollution Through Water 100,000.00 250,000.00 @ three Two per sprinkling. day for 8 months Garland drain 500m length with 0.5m depth and Siltation Pond with 10m Water length with 2mt regular 2 270,000.00 150,000.00 pollution depth & 2mt width maintenance and Retaining wall around dump with 40m length with 1m height & 1m width Plantation watering and 3 Green Belt 750,000.00 150,000.00 Development maintenance Maintenance of Included in main 10,000.00 10,000.00 Noise machinery suitably cost 4 Pollution Once in six PPE’s like Ear muffs 10,000.00 10,000.00 months Once in year, Occupational Providing First aid replace by 5 Health & kits and fire 15,000.00 5,000.00 conducting Safety extinguishers periodical checkup 109 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
Providing Personal protective equipment’s to all Included in air employees (Nose 300,000.00 655,000.00 pollution and Masks, hand gloves, noise pollution safety shoe and helmets) Once in six Training and months and create awareness programs sign boards about on risk factors during 50,000.00 15,000.00 the risk and safety emergencies by the precautions experts regularly Once in a year and Periodical medical supply of checkup and supply 50,000.00 10,000.00 medicines for of medicines every three months Ambient air quality
studies – Once in six 25,000.00 - months – 3 locations Water quality studies
– Once a year – 3 8,000.00 - MoEF /NABL Environmental Locations 6 recognized monitoring Noise studies – once laboratories in six months – 3 7,000.00 - Locations Vibration studies –
Once in year – 1 10,000.00 - location TOTAL 1,535,000.00 1,143,500.00
110 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
6.0 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (TECHNOLOGY & SITE)
6.1. ALTERNATIVE TECHNOLOGIES: Mining of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand will be taken up by Open cast Semi mechanized method. Hence no technological failures are anticipated. Hence no alternative technologies are considered for mining.
6.2. ALTERNATIVE SITES EXAMINED BY Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO proposed Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand mine over an extent of 9.90 Hect. in Survey No. 345 of Girmapur village, Medchal Mandal, Medchal Malkajgiri District, Telangana. In principle of application of quarry lease Proceedings issued by Dy. Director of Mines and Geology, Hyderabad, T.S. for 20 years vide notice no. 3027/QL/MDCL/2019 dated 08.11.2019. Mining Plan was approved by the Deputy Director of Mines and Geology, Medchal Malkajgiri, Government of Telangana vide Letter No. 568/MP/CG/OGL/2019 Dt: 28.02.2019. Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO have proposed to taken up mining of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand to produce maximum production is 419938.20 cum/Year of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand. No alternative sites have been examined as the Mining lease was granted by Dept. of Mine & Geology, Govt. of Telangana.
111 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
7. ADDITIONAL STUDIES
7.1 RISK ASSESSMENT: Risk assessment is all about prevention of accidents and there is a need to be aware that there is a risk of an accident before steps can be taken to prevent it happening. This is the reason, why risk assessments will be carried out. The proposed mining activity will be opencast semi-mechanized mining project. The anticipated risks are mentioned below: 7.1.1 INUNDATION: Mining operations will not intercept the ground water table. Therefore, disturbance to ground water quality or depletion are not envisaged. In order to control the in-rush of water from the surface or through seepage from the strata during monsoon, sufficient garland drains will be constructed around the opencast excavation as proposed. The rain water falling directly into the open excavation will automatically drain out and there is no need to install pumps except to pump out the rain water collected in the pit during monsoons from bottom most benches to facilitate mining. 7.1.2. FAILURE OF PIT SLOPE: Slope failures in mines are mostly associated with circular failure, which is controlled by the rock mechanics properties such as cohesion, angle of internal friction, joint/shear planes, ground water flow conditions, rock density and the heights to be maintained. To control the above factors the pits are designed to be developed with benches, with an overall slope angle of 30o. Further the top benches of the will be afforested to provide long term stability. Thus, the chances of slope failures for the pits are remote. All necessary precautions will be taken. 7.1.3. FAILURE OF WASTE DUMPS: Sliding of waste dump will be a severe risk compared with quarry slope failure. Hence, it is imperative that the degree of hazard against potential failure of waste dump slope should be identified and that precautionary measures will be adopted, if required. The height of outside dumps will be restricted to 10m.
112 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
The waste dumps will be designed with intermittent berms with an overall slope of 30o. A strong retaining wall will be constructed at the bottom of the dump to give toe support and for proper drainage from the waste dump. Garland drains will be provided to collect the drainage flow. Since the waste dumps will be proposed to be constructed over a hard rock surface, chances of foundation failures will be remote. There are no chances ground vibrations to reach the dump area and creating problems of liquefaction. Further the slopes of waste dumps will be afforested to provide long term stability. Thus, the chances of slope failures for the dumps are remote. 7.1.4. SURFACE FIRE: Sufficient fire extinguishers will be installed at selected locations on surface like office, workshop, Garage, Stores etc. for fire protection. 7.1.5. DUST FROM THE DRILLING OPERATION: The hazard is the inhalation of dust which is created during the drilling operation. While it is not presently possible to totally remove the hazard, properly applied control measures can substantially reduce the risk. Control measures vary from using water during the drilling operation to the provision of local exhaust ventilation which removes the dust from the head of the hole to a dust collection unit to the provision of a ventilated cabin provided for the operator. The most effective of these precautions will be the provision of a control cabin on the drilling rig provided with a suitable ventilation system fitted with a dust filter to remove harmful dust and maintain the dust level within the cabin to below acceptable control levels. Any ventilation equipment should periodically be examined to ensure that it is maintained to its designed standard. 7.1.6. NOISE: Drilling, wire saw cutting & movement of vehicles will be give rise to high levels of noise. Both drilling the hole and the operation of the drill rig itself creates noise. It is impractical to remove the hazard at the hole but new generations of drill rig should be quieter by virtue of its design. The noise created is harmful to anyone who is within a zone around the operation of the machine at which the noise level will be above that considered to be safe for persons to work without having to use control measures.
113 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
The noise levels around drilling & wire saw cutting equipments should be measured and the risk assessed. Unless control measures are in place no-one, except those necessary for the work in hand, should be allowed inside the designated noisy area. In most cases this will be the operator of the machine. The risk will be highest at older drilling machines. Newer large drilling machines will be provided with sound insulated operating cabins which control the noise level within the cabins to acceptable levels. Other control measures will include providing enclosure, development of green belts in the surrounding areas, training the operators and providing them with ear protection, although the latter should only be seen as an interim precaution until a permanent solution can be found. The risk is very high when no control measures are provided. However, if all the mitigation measures are provided the risk will be very low. 7.1.7. LOADING: The main hazard associated with loading is toppling over due to uneven ground, failure of hydraulic systems, fires and falls while gaining access to operating cabins. 7.1.8. TRANSPORT VEHICLES: The main hazards arising from the use transport vehicles will be incompetent drivers, brake failure, lack of all-around visibility from the driver’s position, access to the cab, vehicle movements particularly reversing, roll over, vibration, noise, dust and maintenance. The possible risks include the driver and pedestrians likely to be struck by the vehicle, and drivers of smaller vehicles, which cannot be seen from the cabs of large vehicles. Visibility defects can be eliminated by the use of visibility aids such rear-view mirrors. Good maintenance and regular testing are necessary to reduce the possibility of brake failure. An area should be earmarked as a testing area where daily tests are carried out on the effectiveness of a vehicles braking system. Careful attention must be paid to guarding dangerous parts of the equipment and handling heavy components during maintenance work. Those most at risk will be the users of the system although casual pedestrians and vehicle operators may also be at risk.
114 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
7.2. RISK CONTROL MEASURES: 7.2.1 HOUSE KEEPING: The provision and maintenance of a safe and healthy workplace will be the most basic principle of health and safety. Dirty and untidy workplaces or walkways contribute to a very large proportion of toppling and fall accidents. In the context of surface mining the provision of well-defined roadways and walkways clear of obstruction, and regular cleaning up of spillage will greatly reduce the potential for this type of accident. Lack of maintenance may lead to roadways and walkways being unsuitable for their use. 7.2.2 THE WORK: The application of risk assessment depends upon a full understanding of all aspects of the job being undertaken. In carrying out a risk assessment in relation to a particular task the evaluation must include a review of the knowledge, experience and training of those persons carrying out the work. 7.2.3 PERSONAL COMPETENCE If follows that the knowledge, experience and training of personnel involved in work is critical to the result of any risk assessment. A knowledgeable, experienced well-trained and competently supervised workforce will be at a lower risk of accidents occurring than a poorly trained and badly supervised workforce. 7.2.4 CO-ORDINATION: A qualified & trained person should be given the responsibility for overseeing and coordinating work. It is essential that the coordinator ensures that everyone engaged in the work is capable and understands the role of others and their responsibility for each other. This is particularly important when contract workers undertake part or all of the work to be carried out. 7.2.5 DANGEROUS PARTS OF MACHINERY: Parts of machinery such as revolving parts, in running nips and entrapment between reciprocating parts as defined in European and National standards should be protected to those standards.
115 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
7.2.6 WORKPLACES: Access to both above and below ground workplaces should be by well constructed and maintained permanent fixed means. When practical stairways and shallow inclined walkways are preferred to vertical ladders, which in some circumstances can be the cause of very high risk. The sides of all workplaces from which persons may fall should always be protected. 7.2.7 HEALTH HAZARDS: For the purposes of this document health hazards should be interpreted as being harmful dust, which will be emitted during surface mining operations, as well as the handling of heavy loads. While elimination and often complete suppression at source is not practicable, the norms for control of health hazards shall be made applicable. 7.2.8 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE): The PPE should meet ISI standard, suitable for the hazard e.g. a dust respirator fitted with the correct filter to capture the particular hazardous dust, and maintained to recommended standards. As personal protective equipment only affords limited protection it should only be used as a last resort and then as an interim arrangement until other steps are taken to reduce the risk of personal injury to an acceptable level. 7.2.9 TRAFFIC MOVEMENT: The traffic movement should only take place within designated areas and over suitable roadways. Adopting one-way traffic movement systems are preferred to two directional traffic systems. The risk of accidents due to traffic movement is much less with a one. Whenever mineral will be mined, the first step in winning the product is the preparation of the site. The four main stages in the site preparation are: 1. Planning 2. Surveying 3. Laying out
116 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
Planning: The risk of injuries can be significantly reduced if sufficient regard will be given to health and safety at the planning stage of a new mine. Using trained drivers can largely eliminate the danger of being struck by large moving vehicles and providing the vehicles with suitable appliances, such as aids to ensure the driver has all round visibility. Designing and implementing one-way traffic systems and ensuring that open edges of roadways are suitably protected to prevent accidental driving off the edge can further reduce the danger. Additionally, ensuring that the vehicles are properly maintained in good working condition, particularly the braking system, will go a long way to help the driver control the vehicle. Well-designed access and working platforms will also reduce the possibility of a fall. Surveying: Surveying has its hazards, for example surveyors are likely to be seriously injured if they fall from heights or are thrown out of overturning vehicles. Since the hazards are created by ground formation it is unlikely that they can be removed. Those normally at risk would be the surveying team of the surveyor and assistants. Individuals working at the edge of vertical faces or on very steep undulating ground will be at greater risk than those working on level ground. Driving over steep rough terrain is more dangerous than driving over gentle slopes. It is necessary to give clear positive instruction and ensure vehicles used to gain access to the areas to be surveyed are well maintained and suitable for the terrain over which access is to be gained. Lay Out: There are many different ways of opening of mines, but careful planning particularly concerning the mine layout will reduce hazards. Good well-maintained equipment is essential to reduce the risk of injuries. If suitable equipment will not be used, for example if poor and badly constructed scaffolding is used there will be a much higher probability of persons falling from heights or the scaffolding collapsing than if good properly constructed scaffolding will be used. To reduce the risk of injuries, the vehicle drivers and those giving signals should be well trained. The lack of training and competence in the use of such equipment is the biggest cause of accidents. 117 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
7.3. DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN: The complete mining operation will be carried out under the management control and direction of a qualified mine manager. The DGMS have been issuing a number of standing orders, model standing orders and circulars to be followed by the mine management in case of disaster, if any. Moreover, mining staff is being sent to refresher courses from time to time to keep them alert. Natural calamities such as earthquakes, landslides, floods etc., can also contribute to disaster. However, following natural/industrial hazards may occur during normal operation. • Inundation of mine pit due to flood/excessive rains. • Accident due to transport & others. In order to take care of above hazard/disasters the following control measures have been adopted. • Regular inspection of the mine for the observance of any visible cracks. • Checking and regular maintenance of garland drains and earthen bunds to avoid any inflow of surface water in the mine pit during rainy season. • Provision of high-capacity pumps for pumping out water from the mining pit. • All safety precautions and provisions of metalliferous mine regulation 1961 is strictly followed during all mining operations. • Entry of unauthorized persons is prohibited. • Fire fighting and first-aid provisions in the mine’s office complex and mining area. • Provisions of all the safety appliances such as safety boot, helmets, goggles etc. are made available to the employees and regular check for their use. • Cleaning of mine faces is regularly done. • Regular maintenance and testing of all mining equipment as per manufacture’s guidelines. • Suppression of dust on the haulage roads. • Increasing the awareness of safety and disaster through competitions, posters and other similar drives.
118 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
The management is able to deal with the situation efficiently to reduce confusion keeping in view of the likely sources of danger in the mine. 7.3.1. STRUCTURE OF THE DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN OUTLINE OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN: The purpose of disaster management plan is to restore the normalcy for early resumption of mining operation due to an unexpected, sudden occurrence resulting to abnormalities in the course of mining activity leading to a serious danger to workers or any machinery or the environment. 7.3.2 SYSTEM OF COMMUNICATION: Having an internal direct communication system for the department head and to their line of command. Having the telephone nos. and addresses of adjoining mines, rescue station, police station, Fire service station, local hospital, electricity supply agency and standing consultative committee members. 7.3.3 FACILITIES & ACCOMMODATION: Accommodation and facilities for medical centre, rescue room and for various working groups will be provided. 7.3.4 FIRST AID & MEDICAL FACILITIES: The mine management will be provided first aid / medical centre for use in emergency situation. All casualties would be registered and will be given first aid. It will have proper telephone / wireless set for quick communication with hospitals where the complicated cases are to be sent. 7.3.5 DISASTER MANAGEMENT TEAM: In order to handle disaster/emergency situations, an organization chart entrusting responsibility to various project personnel has been prepared with their specific roles during emergency. The composition of the management team: 1. Agent (Mines) 2. Mines Manager
119 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
7.3.6 INFRASTRUCTURE: Following infrastructure and operational system shall be provided to meet any emergencies. Emergency control room: This is situated in an area away from the places of fire and has been provided with the following facilities: a. Master plan of the mines. b. First aid boxes. c. Telephone line d. Emergency lighting system. e. Transport facility. Emergency control room will function as control base. Transport Services: Transportation will be provided to deal with the situation. Functions of Public Relations Group: To make a cordial relation with government officials and other social service organization and working groups. To liaise with representatives of the mine to ameliorate the situation of panic, tension, sentiments, grievances and misgivings created by any disaster. To ameliorate the injured, survivors and family members of affected persons by providing material, finance, moral support and establishing contact with relatives of victims. Security: Manning of security posts 7.3.7 CARE AND MAINTENANCE DURING TEMPORARY DISCONTINUANCE: If the mine will be discontinued temporarily for more than 120 days, notice will be given 30 days before the date of such discontinuance to the concerned authorities. During discontinuance period safety arrangement and fencing will be provided to avoid the entry of unauthorized persons. The accessibility to the mine from the surface will be prevented by providing fencing arrangement. 120 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
7.3.8 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND PROTECTIVE MEASURES: The effects of air pollution on human health are well documented. There are controversies in many respects, but there is ample evidence to show that air pollution is definitely a contributing factor to chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Health and Safety Measures to control dust inhalation; precautions would be adopted to prevent dust generation at site and dispersing in the environment. For the safety of workers at site, engaged at strategic dust generation points like loading and unloading points etc., dust masks would be provided. Dust masks would prevent inhalation of PM thereby reducing the risk of lung diseases and other respiratory disorders. Regular health monitoring of workers will be carried out. Lung function test and audiometry test are the essential part of health checkups as mine workers are prone to these. To attenuate noise levels, mostly the silencers will be used during operations wherever possible. Mufflers will be provided to all workers. The mines management prepares particular budget of Rs.3000 per employee/year for the health maintenance of all the employees who will be employed at the mine site. Peak labour force at the site will be 38 during operations, leading to an expenditure of Rs.1.14 lakhs per annum. Training will be imparted to all the workers for health and safety measures so that they can use the protective equipment’s essentially and effectively. One resource person will be developed within the organization to impart the training to all the employees on regular basis. Anticipated Occupational & Safety Hazards: • Health Impact due to ✓ Physical activity ✓ Extremes of age, poor physical condition, fatigue ✓ Cardiovascular disease ✓ Skin disorders • Dust exposure • Noise
121 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
• Burns and shocks due electricity Personal Protective Devices and Measures
ITEM PROPOSED NUMBERS Industrial Safety helmets 45
Crash helmets 45 Face shield with replacement acrylic vision 45 Ear plug & Nose masks (Bulk) (43 x 2) 80
Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus 05 Leather apron (43 x 2) 80 Leather hand gloves (Bulk) (43 x2) 80 Canvas cum leather hand gloves with leather palm 80 Industrial safety shoes with steel toe 45 Note: PPE’s are purchased based on the manpower requirement EMP for the occupational safety & health hazards: the health of workers can be protected by adopting the following measures: • Good Housekeeping practices • Well engineered ventilation & exhaust system • Enclosure • Enforcement of usage of Personal Protective Devices. • Regular Work Environment Monitoring • Statistical Monitoring • Air emission control systems such as water sprinklers, greenbelt development Frequency of Periodical Examination: • For employees - <30 Years once in a year • Between 31-50 Years once in a year • Between 41-50 Years once in a yea • Above >50 years once in a year Plan of pre placement and periodical health status of workers: Pre-employment checkup will be made mandatory and following test will be conducted: • Plan of evaluation of health of workers • Chest x rays
122 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
• Audiometry • Spirometry • Vision testing (Far & Near vision, color vision and any other ocular defect) • ECG • Silicosis • Haemogram (examination of the blood) • Urine (Routine and Microscopic) • Complete physical examination Musculo-skeletal disorders (MSD) Backache Pain in minor and major joints Fatigue, etc. • Medical records of each employee will be maintained separately and will be updated as per finding during monitoring. • Medical records of the employee at the end of his/her term will be updated. Proposed Budget for Occupational Health & Safety
Expenditure Head Operation and maintenance per annum (38 workers) Awareness programme Rs. 50,000 Safety equipments Rs. 3,15,000 Medical checkup Rs. 50,000 Total Rs. 4,15,000
123 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
8. PROJECT BENEFITS
8.1 IMPROVEMENT IN THE PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT: 8.1.1 AFFORESTATION PLAN: Under plantation program, it is suggested to develop green belt all along the boundary of mine lease area. The species to be grown in the areas will be dust tolerant and fast- growing species so that a permanent green belt is created. The greenbelt will be in accordance with the CPCB guidelines. Apart from the green belts and aesthetic plantation for eliminating fugitive emission and noise control, all other massive plantation efforts will be executed with the assistance of experts and cooperation of the local community.
8.2. IMPROVEMENT IN THE SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE: Local people mainly depend upon agricultural, where the income is irregular and low. Jobs in the mines will increase there per capital income and improve the life style of the people. Proper arrangements will be made for safe and healthy conditions such as dust suppression during loading, unloading & transporting etc. Development of allied business centers will help to improve social standards of the surrounding villagers. Infrastructural facilities and earning avenues will improve due to mining activities. General economic level within the buffer zone will improve, which in turn improves quality of life; level of education and training, Direct and indirect employment opportunities will go up. Awareness of Safety and Environment, through the conducting of Mines Safety & Environment Week, is likely to go up. CSR activities will be taken up in the villages mainly consisting of contribution to education, health, training of women self-help groups and contribution to infrastructure. CSR budget is allocated based 2% of annual Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand production.
124 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
SOCIAL WELFARE ACTIVITIES IMPLEMENTED BY COMPANY
➢ Road transport facilities for workers ➢ Education facilities by way of donation for school furniture, books, uniforms, scholarships & Water supply during dry period by tankers ➢ Assistance for cultural programs ➢ Medical camps & Communication facilities ➢ Awareness programs on HIV/AIDS, Malaria eradication, health & hygiene, alcoholism, addictions etc. ➢ Assistance in Business establishment & Plantation in villages and all along roads ➢ Community facilities like community halls, bus sheds etc. & Adult education programs ITEM PARTICULARS Expenditure (Rs. in lakhs per annuum) 1. Education • Computers, Digital lab &Furniture 2.0 2. Health camps 1.0 3. Skill development programmes in villages 1.0 4 Plantation of fruit bearing & medicinal tree 1.5 species in villages under CSR 5. Village development programmes like Infrastructure, water supply and sanitation 1.5 etc in nearby villages Total 7.0
Mining will be done with the vision of leaving the positive impact on socio- economics of people living in the nearby villages. The villages in the buffer zone depend upon agriculture. Mining operations in the subject area have positive impact by providing job opportunities. Besides, there is indirect employment in transportation of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand to destinations.
125 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
8.3. EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL: Following are the personnel proposed to employ to carry out the mining activity.
Mines Manager (First Class) 1 No. Assistant Manager (Second Class) 1 No. Foreman 2 No’s Mate 2 No’s Blaster 2 No’s Supervisors 1 No. Excavator Operators 6 No’s Tipper Operators 10 No’s Drilling Operators 3 No’s Semi-Skilled & Un-Skilled 10 No’s
126 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
9: ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME
9.1 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME All the environmental parameters viz. air, water, noise, soil will be monitored regularly in order to detect any changes from the baseline status. Monitoring program will be followed till the mining operations continue; every year as per the schedule given below:
9.2 AIR QUALITY MONITORING Four locations in core zone and four locations in the buffer zone will be monitored for four weeks in every season except monsoon. The Respirable particulate matter shall be analyzed every 3 months for Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand concentration.
9.3 NOISE LEVELS MONITORING Noise levels in the working area will be monitored once in every season till the continuation of operations. Ambient noise levels will also be monitored once in a season in the buffer zone order to get the overall look of the noise status and its effects on the surrounding community.
9.4 WATER QUALITY MONITORING Water quality will be monitored in every season. The concentration of heavy metals especially manganese shall be checked for likely contamination. Seasonal streams near the mine lease will be used to study the surface water quality. Ground water quality will also be monitored in order to know the impacts of mining operations. This data will be compared to baseline to evaluate the weightage of the adopted mitigation measures and if further corrective measures are needed. Water levels will also be monitored on seasonal basis in surrounding wells, to assess the impact on ground water regime quantitatively.
9.5 SOIL QUALITY ASSESSMENT Soil samples will be collected from the core and buffer core zone in the areas where plantation has started and quality will be checked once every year except monsoon in
127 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State. order to observe any deviations in the impacts of the operations and the corresponding improvement in the fertility of the soil in core zone soil. The monitoring system will also include: (i) Study for slope failures and excess erosions both along the pit and the waste dumps. (ii) Study the efficiency of dust collection units established in the screening & crushing plant. (iii) Periodic analysis of mine drainage and settling pond discharge water at regular intervals to monitor suspended solid content in particular and other parameters in general. (iv) Study of bunds at the waste dumps area and to maintain the slit arresting arrangement.
TABLE 9.1: SUMMARY – MONITORING SCHEDULE
S. Monitoring Frequency of Major parameters Location No. activity monitoring to be monitored 1. Micrometeorology At Mine office Weekly once Temp., R.H., rainfall wind speed and directions.
2. Ambient air At least 2 fixed locations Preferably PM2.5, RPM, SO2 quality (AAQ) in the ML area and 3 monthly once and NOx fixed locations at the for 24 hours foot hills/ nearby period. villages based on wind direction and one should be at down wind direction 3. Dust fall rate At one of the AAQ Quarterly Total dust fall rate stations in ML area. MT/sq.km/month. 4. Work zone noise Noise prone areas of ML Bi-monthly Leq. noi. area once 5. Drinking water From drinking water tap Quarterly As per IS:10500 (91) 6. Inventory of flora Core zone Every year status, survival rate. 7. Soil quality Core zone Every year Soil fertility for growth of plants
128 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad Draft EIA Report for 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand Quarry located in Survey No. 345 of Sri M. KOTESWARA RAO Girmapur (V), Medchal (M), Medchal – Malkajgiri District, Telangana State.
Environment for implementation of Environment Management Plan Environment Management Cell will be formed under the control of the Project Manager. The responsibilities of this cell will be: 1. Implementation of pollution control measures. 2. Monitoring programme implementation. 3. Post-plantation care. 4. To check the efficiency of pollution control measures taken. 5. Any other activity as may be related to environment 6. Seeking expert’s advice when needed.
9.6 CONCLUSION The mine is proposed for maximum production of 419938.20 cum/Year of Rough Stone and Road Metal Sand. The mine shall be worked, fulfilling all statutory obligations as prescribed by DMG, DGMS, MoEF and TSPCB. The proposals are submitted to TSPCB for conducting public hearing for obtaining Environmental clearance from SEIAA, Telangana.
129 Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone & Road Metal Sand Mine of Sri M. Koteswara Rao Annexure – A: Ambient Air Quality Data Station : A1, Mine Lease Area SO2 (µg/m3) Nox (µg/m3) PM 2.5 PM 10 S.No. Month Week Date 23-06 24 hrs 06-14 15-22 23-06 24 hrs (µg/m3) (µg/m3) 06-14 hrs 15-22 hrs hrs average hrs hrs hrs average 1 6/10/2020 30 42 4.7 4.6 5.3 4.9 6.4 6 6.5 6.3 1st 2 11/10/2020 28 45 5.5 5.6 5.6 5.6 6.1 6.3 6.7 6.4 3 13/10/2020 33 50 5.3 5.6 4.6 5.2 5.9 6 5.9 5.9 2nd 4 18/10/2020 36 39 5.5 4.8 4.6 5.0 6.7 5.9 6.2 6.3 Oct-2020 5 20/10/2020 29 41 5.2 5.1 5 5.1 5.9 5.9 6 5.9 3rd 6 25/10/2020 31 38 4.7 5.3 5 5.0 6.6 6.7 6.3 6.5 7 27/10/2020 40 44 4.6 5 4.8 4.8 5.9 6.4 6.5 6.3 4th 8 31/10/2020 37 49 5 5.6 5.3 5.3 6.7 6.7 6.6 6.7 1 4/11/2020 39 43 5.6 4.6 5.5 5.2 6.2 5.9 6.7 6.3 1st 2 10/11/2020 28 40 4.6 4.6 4.7 4.6 5.9 6 5.9 5.9 3 12/11/2020 36 38 4.7 5.2 4.6 4.8 6 6.2 6.5 6.2 2nd 4 17/11/2020 38 45 4.6 5.5 5.2 5.1 6.6 6 6.1 6.2 Nov-2020 5 19/11/2020 40 42 5.2 5.6 4.8 5.2 6.5 6.7 6 6.4 3rd 6 24/11/2020 28 48 5.1 4.7 5.6 5.1 6.2 6.7 5.9 6.3 7 26/11/2020 31 45 5.5 5.1 5.6 5.4 6.4 5.9 5.9 6.1 4th 8 30/11/2020 34 43 5.6 5.5 5.6 5.6 6.7 6.4 6.1 6.4 1 3/12/2020 37 40 5.6 4.6 4.7 5.0 6.7 6.6 6.7 6.7 1st 2 8/12/2020 28 49 4.6 4.7 4.6 4.6 5.9 6.5 6 6.1 3 10/12/2020 30 45 4.6 5.6 5.3 5.2 6.1 6 6 6.0 2nd 4 15/12/2020 32 38 5 4.6 5 4.9 6 6 6.7 6.2 Dec-2020 5 17/12/2020 29 44 5.6 5.5 5 5.4 5.9 6.7 6.7 6.4 3rd 6 22/12/2020 36 48 5.2 4.9 5.6 5.2 6 5.9 5.9 5.9 7 24/12/2020 40 39 5.3 5.3 5.6 5.4 6.7 6.2 5.9 6.3 4th 8 29/12/2020 37 41 4.6 4.7 4.6 4.6 6.6 6.4 6.2 6.4 PM 2.5 PM 10 SO2 Nox Min 28 38.0 4.6 5.9 Max 40 50.0 5.6 6.7 Mean 33.5 43.0 5.1 6.3 10th percentile 28 38.3 4.7 5.9 30th percentile 30 40.9 5.0 6.2 50th percentile 33.5 43.0 5.1 6.3 95th percentile 40 49.0 5.5 6.6 98th percentile 40 49.5 5.6 6.7 AAQ Standards 60 100 80 80
9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone & Road Metal Sand Mine of Sri M. Koteswara Rao
Station : A2, Downwind Direction SO2 (µg/m3) Nox (µg/m3) PM 2.5 PM 10 S.No. Month Week Date 23-06 24 hrs 06-14 15-22 23-06 24 hrs (µg/m3) (µg/m3) 06-14 hrs 15-22 hrs hrs average hrs hrs hrs average 1 6/10/2020 36 44 5.3 5.7 5.4 5.5 5.4 6.6 7 6.3 1st 2 11/10/2020 40 49 5.2 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.7 6.9 6.5 6.4 3 13/10/2020 42 46 5.1 5.4 5.2 5.2 6.2 6.3 6.2 6.2 2nd 4 18/10/2020 35 43 5.6 5.2 5.5 5.4 5.9 6.4 6.2 6.2 Oct-2020 5 20/10/2020 37 52 5.8 5.8 5.7 5.8 7 6.5 6.6 6.7 3rd 6 25/10/2020 44 49 5.3 5.1 5.4 5.3 6.5 6.2 6.4 6.4 7 27/10/2020 37 47 5.6 5.1 5.8 5.5 6.2 6.8 6.3 6.4 4th 8 31/10/2020 40 53 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.8 7 6.9 7 7.0 1 4/11/2020 42 42 5.1 5.8 5.1 5.3 6.2 7 6.7 6.6 1st 2 10/11/2020 36 46 5.1 5.2 5.1 5.1 6.9 7 6.7 6.9 3 12/11/2020 39 50 5.4 5.6 5.1 5.4 6.6 6.6 6.8 6.7 2nd 4 17/11/2020 43 43 5.8 5.7 5.8 5.8 6.4 6.5 6.2 6.4 Nov-2020 5 19/11/2020 40 46 5.3 5.7 5.7 5.6 6.9 7 6.2 6.7 3rd 6 24/11/2020 39 53 5.5 5.8 5.3 5.5 6.2 6.3 7 6.5 7 26/11/2020 37 42 5.7 5.8 5.4 5.6 7 7 6.9 7.0 4th 8 30/11/2020 35 45 5.6 5.1 5.8 5.5 6.5 6.4 6.4 6.4 1 3/12/2020 38 50 5.2 5.2 5.1 5.2 6.9 6.6 6.3 6.6 1st 2 8/12/2020 36 42 5.5 5.5 5.3 5.4 6.5 6.2 7 6.6 3 10/12/2020 40 46 5.1 5.6 5.1 5.3 6.3 6.5 7 6.6 2nd 4 15/12/2020 37 49 5.8 5.1 5.7 5.5 6.2 6.9 6.2 6.4 Dec-2020 5 17/12/2020 42 53 5.3 5.1 5.4 5.3 7 6.3 6.5 6.6 3rd 6 22/12/2020 40 47 5.1 5.7 5.8 5.5 7 6.7 6.4 6.7 7 24/12/2020 35 42 5.8 5.3 5.8 5.6 6.2 6.4 6.9 6.5 4th 8 29/12/2020 41 46 5.3 5.8 5.1 5.4 6.4 7 6.3 6.6 PM 2.5 PM 10 SO2 NOx Min 35 42 5.1 6.2 Max 44 53 5.8 7.0 Mean 39 46 5.5 6.6 10th percentile 35.3 42 5.2 6.3 30th percentile 37 44.9 5.3 6.4 50th percentile 39 46 5.5 6.6 95th percentile 42.85 53 5.8 7.0 98th percentile 43.54 53 5.8 7.0 AAQ Standards 60 100 80 80
9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone & Road Metal Sand Mine of Sri M. Koteswara Rao
Station : A3, Grimapuram SO2 (µg/m3) Nox (µg/m3) PM 2.5 PM 10 S.No. Month Week Date 23-06 24 hrs 06-14 15-22 23-06 24 hrs (µg/m3) (µg/m3) 06-14 hrs 15-22 hrs hrs average hrs hrs hrs average 1 6/10/2020 36 47 6.4 6.8 6.8 6.7 7.3 7.5 7.8 7.5 1st 2 11/10/2020 33 45 6 6.1 6.2 6.1 6.6 6.7 6.6 6.6 3 13/10/2020 40 51 6.9 6.8 6.9 6.9 6.8 7.2 7.2 7.1 2nd 4 18/10/2020 36 56 6.7 6.2 6.5 6.5 6.6 7.5 6.6 6.9 Oct-2020 5 20/10/2020 42 45 6.9 6.5 5.9 6.4 7.7 7.8 7.8 7.8 3rd 6 25/10/2020 35 49 6 5.9 6.9 6.3 6.6 7.7 7.5 7.3 7 27/10/2020 44 54 6 6.8 6.8 6.5 7.8 6.6 6.6 7.0 4th 8 31/10/2020 30 47 6.2 6 6.1 6.1 7.8 6.8 6.7 7.1 1 4/11/2020 33 51 6.9 6.9 6.3 6.7 6.7 6.7 7.2 6.9 1st 2 10/11/2020 42 45 6.5 6.2 6.6 6.4 7.3 7 7.7 7.3 3 12/11/2020 31 56 6 5.9 5.9 5.9 7.4 7.2 7.7 7.4 2nd 4 17/11/2020 37 49 5.9 6.6 6.8 6.4 6.9 7.4 7.2 7.2 Nov-2020 5 19/11/2020 30 45 6.9 6.8 6.9 6.9 6.6 7.8 7.8 7.4 3rd 6 24/11/2020 41 53 6.4 6.8 6.2 6.5 7.8 6.6 7 7.1 7 26/11/2020 45 48 6.1 6.6 6.3 6.3 7.1 6.6 7.8 7.2 4th 8 30/11/2020 43 45 6.9 6 5.9 6.3 6.9 7.5 6.6 7.0 1 3/12/2020 30 56 6 6.2 6.5 6.2 6.7 7.8 6.9 7.1 1st 2 8/12/2020 31 50 6.5 5.9 6.6 6.3 6.7 7.7 7.8 7.4 3 10/12/2020 43 46 6.8 6.5 6 6.4 7.8 7.7 7.8 7.8 2nd 4 15/12/2020 35 49 5.9 6.9 6.9 6.6 6.9 7.1 6.6 6.9 Dec-2020 5 17/12/2020 45 51 6 6.4 5.9 6.1 7 7.5 6.9 7.1 3rd 6 22/12/2020 30 56 5.9 6.2 6.4 6.2 6.6 7 6.7 6.8 7 24/12/2020 34 53 6.3 6 6 6.1 7.4 6.7 7.8 7.3 4th 8 29/12/2020 45 45 6.7 6.1 6.3 6.4 7 6.6 7.7 7.1 PM 2.5 PM 10 SO2 Nox Min 30.0 45.0 5.9 6.6 Max 45.0 56.0 6.9 7.8 Mean 36.0 49.0 6.4 7.1 10th percentile 30.0 45.0 6.1 6.9 30th percentile 33.0 46.9 6.3 7.1 50th percentile 36.0 49.0 6.4 7.1 95th percentile 45.0 56.0 6.8 7.7 98th percentile 45.0 56.0 6.9 7.8 AAQ Standards 60 100 80 80
9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone & Road Metal Sand Mine of Sri M. Koteswara Rao
Station : A4, Rayalapuram (Railpur) SO2 (µg/m3) Nox (µg/m3) PM 2.5 PM 10 S.No. Month Week Date 23-06 24 hrs 06-14 15-22 23-06 24 hrs (µg/m3) (µg/m3) 06-14 hrs 15-22 hrs hrs average hrs hrs hrs average 1 6/10/2020 33 48 5.3 5.7 5.2 5.4 5.8 6 6.2 6.0 1st 2 11/10/2020 36 49 4.9 5 4.9 4.9 6.1 5.7 5.8 5.9 3 13/10/2020 31 45 6.2 6.1 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.1 6.3 6.2 2nd 4 18/10/2020 29 47 4.9 5.3 6 5.4 6 5.6 5.7 5.8 Oct-2020 5 20/10/2020 40 43 5.8 5.7 6.2 5.9 5.6 5.8 6.2 5.9 3rd 6 25/10/2020 41 44 6.1 5.9 4.9 5.6 5.9 5.7 5.8 5.8 7 27/10/2020 35 50 5.2 6 5.2 5.5 5.7 6.2 6.3 6.1 4th 8 31/10/2020 30 48 6.1 6.2 6.2 6.2 5.9 6.3 5.6 5.9 1 4/11/2020 34 46 6.2 5.7 6 6.0 5.6 5.9 6 5.8 1st 2 10/11/2020 39 44 5.5 6.2 5.4 5.7 6.3 6.1 5.6 6.0 3 12/11/2020 35 49 4.9 6.2 4.9 5.3 5.6 5.7 6.1 5.8 2nd 4 17/11/2020 40 47 5.2 5.4 5.7 5.4 6.2 6.2 5.8 6.1 Nov-2020 5 19/11/2020 37 44 5.6 5.7 6.2 5.8 6.3 5.6 5.8 5.9 3rd 6 24/11/2020 41 43 6.2 6 5.6 5.9 5.8 6 6.1 6.0 7 26/11/2020 33 47 5.1 4.9 5.9 5.3 6.1 5.9 5.6 5.9 4th 8 30/11/2020 30 50 4.9 5.3 5.1 5.1 6.2 6.3 6.3 6.3 1 3/12/2020 29 43 5.7 4.9 5.8 5.5 5.7 5.6 5.6 5.6 1st 2 8/12/2020 41 45 6 5.8 5 5.6 6 6 6.2 6.1 3 10/12/2020 35 50 5.5 5.2 4.9 5.2 5.6 5.7 6.1 5.8 2nd 4 15/12/2020 31 44 6.2 5 5.4 5.5 6.2 6.2 5.7 6.0 Dec-2020 5 17/12/2020 29 43 6.1 6.2 6.2 6.2 6 6.3 6 6.1 3rd 6 22/12/2020 35 49 5.2 4.9 6.1 5.4 5.7 5.9 6.1 5.9 7 24/12/2020 39 48 4.9 6 6 5.6 5.9 6.1 5.9 6.0 4th 8 29/12/2020 41 50 5.7 5.6 4.9 5.4 6.3 5.8 5.6 5.9 PM 2.5 PM 10 SO2 Nox Min 29 43 4.9 5.6 Max 41 50 6.2 6.3 Mean 35 47 5.5 5.9 10th percentile 29.3 43 5.2 5.8 30th percentile 32.8 44 5.4 5.9 50th percentile 35 47 5.5 5.9 95th percentile 41 50 6.2 6.2 98th percentile 41 50 6.2 6.2 AAQ Standards 60 100 80 80
9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone & Road Metal Sand Mine of Sri M. Koteswara Rao
Station : A5, Banda Madhawaram SO2 (µg/m3) Nox (µg/m3) PM 2.5 PM 10 S.No. Month Week Date 23-06 24 hrs 06-14 15-22 23-06 24 hrs (µg/m3) (µg/m3) 06-14 hrs 15-22 hrs hrs average hrs hrs hrs average 1 6/10/2020 25 34 4.6 5.3 4.9 4.9 5.2 5.2 5.3 5.2 1st 2 11/10/2020 28 31 4.2 4.3 4.2 4.2 5.4 5.4 5.5 5.4 3 13/10/2020 23 36 4.9 5 4.8 4.9 5 5.5 5.3 5.3 2nd 4 18/10/2020 24 39 5.2 4.9 5.4 5.2 5.3 5 5 5.1 Oct-2020 5 20/10/2020 29 36 5.5 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.3 4.9 4.9 5.0 3rd 6 25/10/2020 22 30 5.6 5.2 4.6 5.1 4.9 5 5.5 5.1 7 27/10/2020 26 34 4.2 4.4 5 4.5 5.5 5.5 5.4 5.5 4th 8 31/10/2020 29 31 5 4.2 4.9 4.7 4.9 5.4 5.1 5.1 1 4/11/2020 23 39 4.7 4.8 4.2 4.6 5.3 5.1 5.4 5.3 1st 2 10/11/2020 26 30 5.4 5 4.7 5.0 5 5.5 5.1 5.2 3 12/11/2020 27 32 4.9 5.4 5.4 5.2 5.4 4.9 5 5.1 2nd 4 17/11/2020 29 35 4.2 4.8 5.1 4.7 4.9 5.4 5 5.1 Nov-2020 5 19/11/2020 26 39 4.7 5.6 4.8 5.0 5.3 5.1 5.2 5.2 3rd 6 24/11/2020 22 35 5.5 4.7 4.6 4.9 5.5 4.9 5.5 5.3 7 26/11/2020 28 30 4.2 4.2 4.3 4.2 5.5 5.5 5.4 5.5 4th 8 30/11/2020 24 38 5.1 4.8 5.4 5.1 5 5.2 4.9 5.0 1 3/12/2020 27 32 5.3 5.4 4.8 5.2 5.1 5.3 5.4 5.3 1st 2 8/12/2020 22 35 4.9 4.6 4.2 4.6 4.9 5 4.9 4.9 3 10/12/2020 25 37 5.6 5.5 5.6 5.6 5.4 4.9 5.3 5.2 2nd 4 15/12/2020 28 30 5 4.2 4.6 4.6 5.1 5.5 5.2 5.3 Dec-2020 5 17/12/2020 29 35 5.4 4.9 5.6 5.3 5.4 4.9 5 5.1 3rd 6 22/12/2020 24 39 4.6 5.6 5 5.1 5 5.2 4.9 5.0 7 24/12/2020 22 31 4.4 5.4 4.4 4.7 5.5 5.3 5.5 5.4 4th 8 29/12/2020 25 36 4.2 4.2 4.8 4.4 4.9 5 4.9 4.9 PM 2.5 PM 10 SO2 Nox Min 22 30.0 4.2 4.9 Max 29 39.0 5.6 5.5 Mean 25.5 35.0 4.9 5.2 10th percentile 22 30.0 4.4 5.0 30th percentile 24 31.9 4.7 5.1 50th percentile 25.5 35.0 4.9 5.2 95th percentile 29.0 39.0 5.5 5.5 98th percentile 29 39.0 5.6 5.5 AAQ Standards 60 100 80 80
9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone & Road Metal Sand Mine of Sri M. Koteswara Rao
Station : A6, Srirangavaram SO2 (µg/m3) Nox (µg/m3) PM 2.5 PM 10 S.No. Month Week Date 23-06 24 hrs 06-14 15-22 23-06 24 hrs (µg/m3) (µg/m3) 06-14 hrs 15-22 hrs hrs average hrs hrs hrs average 1 6/10/2020 22 33 4.7 5 4.4 4.7 5.3 5.6 5.3 5.4 1st 2 11/10/2020 25 31 5.1 4.8 4.7 4.9 5.5 5.1 5.4 5.3 3 13/10/2020 20 34 4.4 4.5 4.4 4.4 5.1 5.3 5.1 5.2 2nd 4 18/10/2020 19 36 5.1 4.7 4.5 4.8 5 5 5.1 5.0 Oct-2020 5 20/10/2020 26 30 5.2 4.4 5.2 4.9 5 5.4 5.6 5.3 3rd 6 25/10/2020 21 29 4.4 4.6 4.8 4.6 5.1 5.5 5 5.2 7 27/10/2020 24 32 4.8 4.9 4.9 4.9 5.5 5.1 5.5 5.4 4th 8 31/10/2020 22 34 4.9 4.5 4.4 4.6 5.4 5.3 5.5 5.4 1 4/11/2020 26 33 5 5.1 4.8 5.0 5.5 5.6 5.6 5.6 1st 2 10/11/2020 24 36 4.6 5.2 4.5 4.8 5.2 5 5.2 5.1 3 12/11/2020 26 31 4.8 4.7 4.4 4.6 5.5 5.5 5.6 5.5 2nd 4 17/11/2020 20 32 5 4.8 4.9 4.9 5.6 5.6 5.5 5.6 Nov-2020 5 19/11/2020 19 29 5.2 5.1 5.2 5.2 5.1 5.6 5.1 5.3 3rd 6 24/11/2020 23 35 4.4 4.4 5.2 4.7 5.3 5.1 5 5.1 7 26/11/2020 21 32 4.6 4.8 4.6 4.7 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.2 4th 8 30/11/2020 20 36 4.8 5 4.8 4.9 5.5 5.5 5.4 5.5 1 3/12/2020 23 30 5.1 5.2 5.2 5.2 5 5.3 5.4 5.2 1st 2 8/12/2020 25 34 5 4.7 4.4 4.7 5.5 5 5.6 5.4 3 10/12/2020 26 29 5.2 4.4 4.9 4.8 5.2 5.6 5.2 5.3 2nd 4 15/12/2020 19 36 4.6 4.7 4.5 4.6 5.3 5.1 5.3 5.2 Dec-2020 5 17/12/2020 24 35 5.1 4.9 5.1 5.0 5.6 5.4 5.4 5.5 3rd 6 22/12/2020 26 31 4.4 4.5 4.4 4.4 5 5.1 5 5.0 7 24/12/2020 22 32 5 5.2 4.5 4.9 5.1 5.6 5.6 5.4 4th 8 29/12/2020 19 34 4.9 4.4 5 4.8 5 5.1 5.5 5.2 PM 2.5 PM 10 SO2 Nox Min 19 29 4.4 5.0 Max 26 36 5.2 5.6 Mean 22.5 32.5 4.8 5.3 10th percentile 19 29.3 4.6 5.1 30th percentile 20.9 31 4.7 5.2 50th percentile 22.5 32.5 4.8 5.3 95th percentile 26 36 5.1 5.6 98th percentile 26 36 5.2 5.6 AAQ Standards 60 100 80 80
9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone & Road Metal Sand Mine of Sri M. Koteswara Rao
Station : A7, Lingapur SO2 (µg/m3) Nox (µg/m3) PM 2.5 PM 10 S.No. Month Week Date 23-06 24 hrs 06-14 15-22 23-06 24 hrs (µg/m3) (µg/m3) 06-14 hrs 15-22 hrs hrs average hrs hrs hrs average 1 6/10/2020 19 24 4.5 4.3 5 4.6 5.5 5.6 6 5.7 1st 2 11/10/2020 22 26 4.2 4.3 4.2 4.2 5.7 5.4 5.5 5.5 3 13/10/2020 23 27 4.4 4.2 4.6 4.4 6.1 6 6.1 6.1 2nd 4 18/10/2020 18 22 4.8 4.4 4.7 4.6 5.9 5.8 5.4 5.7 Oct-2020 5 20/10/2020 20 27 5 5 4.9 5.0 6 5.9 5.7 5.9 3rd 6 25/10/2020 17 26 4.6 4.5 5 4.7 5.6 5.6 6 5.7 7 27/10/2020 23 29 4.2 4.9 4.5 4.5 5.3 6.1 5.5 5.6 4th 8 31/10/2020 20 25 4.5 4.2 4.3 4.3 5.2 5.2 5.3 5.2 1 4/11/2020 17 30 4.3 5 4.7 4.7 5.3 5.8 5.6 5.6 1st 2 10/11/2020 18 26 5 4.9 5 5.0 5.7 6.1 5.2 5.7 3 12/11/2020 24 22 4.6 4.9 4.2 4.6 5.2 5.3 5.7 5.4 2nd 4 17/11/2020 20 21 4.9 5 4.9 4.9 5.6 5.6 5.8 5.7 Nov-2020 5 19/11/2020 18 25 4.2 4.7 4.3 4.4 5.8 5.2 5.4 5.5 3rd 6 24/11/2020 22 29 4.2 4.3 4.2 4.2 5.4 5.8 5.7 5.6 7 26/11/2020 23 23 4.8 4.5 4.8 4.7 6.1 6 6.1 6.1 4th 8 30/11/2020 20 27 4.3 4.6 4.4 4.4 6 5.4 5.4 5.6 1 3/12/2020 17 25 4.9 4.3 4.7 4.6 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 1st 2 8/12/2020 23 29 4.5 4.8 4.3 4.5 5.4 5.6 6 5.7 3 10/12/2020 22 27 4.8 4.2 4.8 4.6 6.1 5.9 5.4 5.8 2nd 4 15/12/2020 20 30 4.3 4.6 4.4 4.4 5.2 5.5 5.2 5.3 Dec-2020 5 17/12/2020 24 24 4.6 4.9 4.2 4.6 5.7 5.2 5.9 5.6 3rd 6 22/12/2020 18 22 4.2 5 5 4.7 5.3 5.3 5.5 5.4 7 24/12/2020 22 25 4.9 4.3 4.5 4.6 5.9 5.8 5.7 5.8 4th 8 29/12/2020 17 21 4.4 4.5 4.7 4.5 5.2 5.2 5.3 5.2 PM 2.5 PM 10 SO2 Nox Min 17 21 4.2 5.2 Max 24 30 5.0 6.1 Mean 20 25.5 4.6 5.6 10th percentile 17 22 4.4 5.3 30th percentile 18 24 4.5 5.5 50th percentile 20 25.5 4.6 5.6 95th percentile 23.85 29.85 5.0 6.0 98th percentile 24 30 5.0 6.1 AAQ Standards 60 100 80 80
9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone & Road Metal Sand Mine of Sri M. Koteswara Rao
Station : A8, Dabilpur SO2 (µg/m3) Nox (µg/m3) PM 2.5 PM 10 S.No. Month Week Date 23-06 24 hrs 06-14 15-22 23-06 24 hrs (µg/m3) (µg/m3) 06-14 hrs 15-22 hrs hrs average hrs hrs hrs average 1 6/10/2020 44 48 6.5 6.3 6.1 6.3 7.6 8 8.3 8.0 1st 2 11/10/2020 47 46 7.4 6.7 6.7 6.9 7.9 7.7 7.9 7.8 3 13/10/2020 43 49 6.3 6.1 7 6.5 7.5 7.5 8 7.7 2nd 4 18/10/2020 41 51 7.7 7.8 7.8 7.8 8 7.7 7.7 7.8 Oct-2020 5 20/10/2020 45 47 6.6 6.9 6.9 6.8 8.3 8.2 8.3 8.3 3rd 6 25/10/2020 48 45 7.8 6.3 6.6 6.9 7.7 8 7.8 7.8 7 27/10/2020 45 49 6.2 7.4 6.3 6.6 8 8.3 7.6 8.0 4th 8 31/10/2020 49 51 7 7.7 7.4 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.5 7.5 1 4/11/2020 41 50 6.1 6.2 6.1 6.1 7.7 7.8 7.6 7.7 1st 2 10/11/2020 40 49 7.2 7 7.7 7.3 8.2 7.5 7.9 7.9 3 12/11/2020 46 46 6.9 6.2 7.6 6.9 7.6 7.7 8.3 7.9 2nd 4 17/11/2020 48 45 7.5 7.5 6.2 7.1 8 8 8.2 8.1 Nov-2020 5 19/11/2020 42 49 7.8 6.1 6.1 6.7 8.3 8.2 8.3 8.3 3rd 6 24/11/2020 40 47 6.2 7.2 6.9 6.8 7.6 8.1 7.5 7.7 7 26/11/2020 45 46 7.6 7.6 6.6 7.3 7.5 8.3 7.6 7.8 4th 8 30/11/2020 49 50 7.7 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.6 8.1 7.8 1 3/12/2020 41 47 6.8 7 7.5 7.1 8.2 7.9 8.2 8.1 1st 2 8/12/2020 47 51 6.5 6.6 7.8 7.0 8 8.2 7.6 7.9 3 10/12/2020 42 46 6.3 6.2 7.2 6.6 8.1 7.5 7.8 7.8 2nd 4 15/12/2020 46 45 7.2 6.9 6.8 7.0 7.6 8.2 7.9 7.9 Dec-2020 5 17/12/2020 49 48 7.4 6.6 6.4 6.8 7.5 8.3 7.7 7.8 3rd 6 22/12/2020 43 50 6.7 6.9 6.2 6.6 7.6 7.5 7.5 7.5 7 24/12/2020 46 46 7.6 7.3 7 7.3 7.7 7.6 8.1 7.8 4th 8 29/12/2020 41 51 6.1 6.2 6.1 6.1 8.3 8.1 8.3 8.2 PM 2.5 PM 10 SO2 Nox Min 40 45 6.1 7.5 Max 49 51 7.8 8.3 Mean 45 48 6.9 7.8 10th percentile 41 45.3 6.4 7.7 30th percentile 42 46 6.7 7.8 50th percentile 45 48 6.9 7.8 95th percentile 49 51 7.7 8.3 98th percentile 49 51 7.8 8.3 AAQ Standards 60 100 80 80
9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone & Road Metal Sand Mine of Sri M. Koteswara Rao
Station : A9, Medchal (Near Nisha Park) SO2 (µg/m3) Nox (µg/m3) PM 2.5 PM 10 S.No. Month Week Date 23-06 24 hrs 06-14 15-22 23-06 24 hrs (µg/m3) (µg/m3) 06-14 hrs 15-22 hrs hrs average hrs hrs hrs average 1 6/10/2020 46 51 7.6 8 7.8 7.8 8.5 8.8 9.5 8.9 1st 2 11/10/2020 44 55 7.9 8.5 8.8 8.4 8.8 8.4 9.3 8.8 3 13/10/2020 47 54 8.4 7.8 8.5 8.2 8.3 8.3 8.4 8.3 2nd 4 18/10/2020 50 50 8.7 7.5 9.2 8.5 8.6 9 8.5 8.7 Oct-2020 5 20/10/2020 45 53 7.3 7.4 7.3 7.3 8.4 8.3 9 8.6 3rd 6 25/10/2020 47 49 8.8 8.9 7.9 8.5 9.5 9.4 8.8 9.2 7 27/10/2020 50 56 9 8.2 8.4 8.5 9.8 9.9 8.4 9.4 4th 8 31/10/2020 49 53 7.4 7.5 9.2 8.0 8.6 9.2 8.3 8.7 1 4/11/2020 52 57 8.3 8.6 8.8 8.6 8.3 8.7 9.4 8.8 1st 2 10/11/2020 45 55 9.3 9.2 9.3 9.3 8.9 8.4 9.1 8.8 3 12/11/2020 48 58 8.5 9 8.8 8.8 9.8 9.9 9.9 9.9 2nd 4 17/11/2020 49 54 9.2 9.3 7.4 8.6 9.4 9.8 8.6 9.3 Nov-2020 5 19/11/2020 46 49 8.9 8.4 7.7 8.3 9.9 9.9 9.8 9.9 3rd 6 24/11/2020 44 55 9.3 7.3 7.9 8.2 8.7 8.7 9.3 8.9 7 26/11/2020 47 57 7.3 7.4 7.3 7.3 8.4 8.3 9.4 8.7 4th 8 30/11/2020 51 58 8.5 7.3 8.5 8.1 8.3 8.4 8.3 8.3 1 3/12/2020 52 53 7.4 8.4 8.9 8.2 9.6 9.2 8.4 9.1 1st 2 8/12/2020 48 50 8.9 9.2 9.3 9.1 9 8.9 9 9.0 3 10/12/2020 45 53 7.8 9.3 9.1 8.7 8.4 8.6 9.5 8.8 2nd 4 15/12/2020 49 49 7.5 8 8.3 7.9 8.7 8.8 9.9 9.1 Dec-2020 5 17/12/2020 44 53 9.2 9.3 9.3 9.3 8.3 9.4 9.2 9.0 3rd 6 22/12/2020 50 50 8.4 9.3 7.9 8.5 9.1 9.5 8.4 9.0 7 24/12/2020 48 55 8 9 7.3 8.1 9.9 9.8 8.3 9.3 4th 8 29/12/2020 52 58 8.5 9.3 8 8.6 9.4 8.3 8.7 8.8 PM 2.5 PM 10 SO2 Nox Min 44 49 7.3 8.3 Max 52 58 9.3 9.9 Mean 48 53.5 8.4 8.9 10th percentile 44.3 49.3 7.8 8.6 30th percentile 46 52.8 8.2 8.8 50th percentile 48 53.5 8.4 8.9 95th percentile 52 58 9.2 9.8 98th percentile 52 58 9.3 9.9 AAQ Standards 60 100 80 80
9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone & Road Metal Sand Mine of Sri M. Koteswara Rao Annexure – B: Water Quality Data
Surface Water S.No. Description Units SW1 SW2 SW3 SW4 SW5 1 Ph 7.96 8.12 8.14 7.97 8.18 IS:3025 (Part–10) 1984 2 Electric conductivity (Mcrosiemens/cm) 658 723 629 594 708 3 Total Dissolved Solids (mg/L) 461 506 438 420 496 IS:3025 (Part–16) 1984 4 Total hardness as CaCO3 (mg/L) 98 106 96 108 116 IS:3025 (Part–21 1983 5 Calcium as CaCO3 (mg/L) 68 74 60 79 92 IS:3025 (Part–40) 1991 6 Magnesium as CaCO3 (mg/L) 30 32 36 29 24 7 Total Alkalinity (mg/L) 36 38 34 32 41 IS:3025 (Part–13) 1964 8 Chemical Oxygen Demand (mg/L) 14 20 16 14 20 9 Biochemical Oxygen Demand (mg/L) 4.5 5.5 6.8 4 5.9 10 Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) 5.4 6 7 4.5 6.2 11 Oil & Grease (mg/L) 0.18 0.2 0.16 0.23 0.19 12 Chlorides as Cl (mg/L) 92 96 89 99 86 IS:3025 (Part–32) 1988 13 Flourides as F (mg/L) 0.18 0.21 0.16 0.26 0.24 IS:3025 (Part–23) 1964 14 Nitrates as NO3 (mg/L) 0.16 0.19 0.2 0.18 0.22 IS:3025 (Part–34) 1988 15 Nitrites as NO2 (mg/L) 0.2 0.22 0.25 0.18 0.26 16 Sulphates as SO4 (mg/L) 42 48 46 52 49 IS:3025 (Part–24) 1986 17 Phosphates as PO4 (mg/L) 4.3 4.01 4.1 3.8 4.6 18 Sodium as Na (mg/L) 89 90 86 95 82 19 Potassium as K (mg/L) 0.8 0.82 0.78 0.84 0.93 20 Iron as Fe (mg/L) 0.05 0.01 0.03 0.04 0.07 IS:3025 (Part–32) 1964 21 Boron as B (mg/L) - - - - - IS:3025 (Part–29) 1964 22 Copper as Cu (mg/L) - - - - - IS:3025 (Part–36) 1964 23 Lead as Pb (mg/L) - - - - - 24 Zinc as Zn (mg/L) - - - - - IS:3025 (Part–39) 1964 25 Chromium as Cr (mg/L) - - - - - IS:3025 (Part–38) 1964 26 Aluminium as Al (mg/L) - - - - - IS:3025 (Part–31) 1964 27 Total Coliforms Cfu/100ml 63 66 65 66 63 28 Feacal Coliforms Cfu/100ml 11 12 9 14 10 29 E. coli Cfu/100ml 5 4 7 6 3 SW1. Tank SW of ML area SW3. Tank NE of Banda Madhawaram SW5. Pedda Cheruvu SW2. Tank NW of Rayalapuram SW4. Pantulu Cheruvu
9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone & Road Metal Sand Mine of Sri M. Koteswara Rao
GROUND WATER ANALYSIS S. IS 10500 WATER Description Units GW1 GW2 GW3 GW4 GW5 GW6 GW7 No. STANDARDS DESIRABLE PERMISSIBLE 1 pH 8.1 7.82 7.38 7.81 7.52 7.56 7.83 7.5-8.5 7.5-8.5 Electric conductivity 2 1221 1143 1245 1092 1256 1198 1055 -- -- (Mcrosiemens/cm) 3 Total Dissolved Solids (mg/L) 851 801 871 764 879 842 738 500 2000
4 Total hardness as CaCO3 (mg/L) 180 206 216 184 186 198 188 300 600
5 Calcium as CaCO3 (mg/L) 139 162 184 132 144 154 142 75 200
6 Magnesium as CaCO3 (mg/L) 41 43 34 52 42 44 46 30 100 7 Total Alkalinity (mg/L) 88 86 94 96 92 82 84 200 600 8 Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) 6.2 4.6 5.1 6.4 4.8 5.9 6.3 -- -- 9 Chlorides as Cl (mg/L) 93 80 85 73 89 95 77 250 1000 10 Flourides as F (mg/L) 0.4 0.51 0.65 0.59 0.5 0.69 0.72 0.6-1.2 1.5
11 Nitrates as NO3 (mg/L) 1.14 1.1 1.11 1.58 1.04 1.21 1.09 45 100
12 Sulphates as SO4 (mg/L) 64 62 64 60 76 58 59 200 400
13 Phosphates as PO4 (mg/L) 2.4 2.5 1.6 1.89 1.8 2.7 2.39 -- -- 14 Sodium as Na (mg/L) 89 74 81 64 87 88 69 -- -- 15 Potassium as K (mg/L) 0.51 0.61 0.64 0.84 0.58 0.52 0.67 -- -- 16 Iron as Fe (mg/L) 0.02 0.01 0.022 0.05 0.018 0.23 0.015 0.3 1 17 Boron as B (mg/L) <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 1 5 18 Copper as Cu (mg/L) <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.05 1.5 19 Lead as Pb (mg/L) <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.05 0.05 20 Zinc as Zn (mg/L) <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 5 15 21 Chromium as Cr (mg/L) <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.05 0.05 22 Aluminium as Al (mg/L) <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 -- -- Sampling Locations (GW - Ground Water) GW1. Girmapuram GW2. Railpur GW3. Banda Madhawaram GW4. Srirangavaram GW5. Lingapur GW6. Dabilpur GW7. Medchal
9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone & Road Metal Sand Mine of Sri M. Koteswara Rao Annexure – C: Soil Quality Data
Soil Analysis S. Parameters S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 No 1 Ph (1:2 Soil water Extract) 7.94 8.59 7.78 7.81 8.43 8.07 7.84 8.73 2 Electrical conductivity (micro mhos) 168 181 143 139 192 159 148 184 (1:2 Soil water Extract) 3 Total soluble salts, mg/kg 116 108 120 125 104 115 131 112 4 Nitrates as N, (mg/kg) 64 77 78 69 72 71 76 73 5 Phophorous as (P2O5) (mg/kg) 35 40 42 41 43 33 44 47 6 Potassium as (K2O) (mg/kg) 28 32 26 25 34 27 33 22 7 Sodium as Na2O (mg/kg) 89 98 86 87 97 88 96 94 8 Calcium as Ca (mg/kg) 118 102 108 96 112 110 101 116 9 Magnesium as Mg (mg/kg) 88 86 92 93 85 94 89 96 10 Chlorides as Cl (mg/kg) 85 95 87 86 81 92 94 93 11 Organic carbon (%) 0.98 1.02 0.11 0.18 0.93 0.8 0.9 0.98
12 Texture 13 Sand (%) 38 39 41 34 42 39 32 43 14 Silt (%) 42 27 38 42 28 30 33 30 15 Clay (%) 20 34 21 24 30 31 35 27 16 Type of Soil Clayey Clayey Clayey Clayey Sandy Clayey Clayey Clayey sandy sandy sandy sandy Clay Loam Loam Loam 17 Copper as Cu mg/kg 0.76 0.69 0.82 0.66 0.78 0.63 0.73 0.7 18 Zinc as Zn mg/kg 0.57 0.59 0.48 0.49 0.6 0.51 0.69 0.63 19 Maganese as Mn mg/kg 0.6 0.56 0.7 0.06 0.58 0.57 0.67 0.72
Sampling Locations (S-Soil) S1 - Mine Lease Area S3 - Railpur S5 - Srirangavaram S7 - Dabilpur S2 - Girmapuram S4 - Banda Madhawaram S6 - Lingapur S8 - Medchal
Annexure – D: Ecology & Biodiversity Study
REPORT on the ECOLOGY and BIODIVERSITY of 9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone & Road Metal Sand Mine of Sri M. Koteswara Rao Survey No No.345 of Girmapur Village, Medchal Mandal, Medchal Malkajgiri District , Telangana. File No. SIA/TG/MIN/55472/2020 & T.o.R Dt. 27-10-2020 Chapter I: Baseline data Brief description of the Vegetation and flora of the mine lease area (core area): Total mine lease area is 9.9 Ha. It is located in survey No 345 of Girmapur Village, Medchal Mandal, Medchal Malkajgiri District, Telangana State. It is proposed to produce Rough Stone and Road metal sand is 4,19,938.20 Cum/year. The mine lease area or the core zone is a wasteland and unsuitable for cultivation or plantations and hence is not under any use. This site is surrounded by similar mines. There are no wildlife Sanctuaries or National Parks or Biodiversity Reserves or migratory corridors of Elephants or Tigers or Important Bird Areas (IBAs) or Ramsar Wetlands. Topographically, most part of the mine lease is a rocky terrain with uneven topography. It is scarcely covered by a few invasive weeds, shrubs and thorny bushes between the broken rocks. The mine lease area is covered by fractured rock except in some in small pits covered with thin mantle of soil. The surface is not uniform and it is prone to erosion due to rains. Primary survey of the flora and fauna of the mine lease area and its buffer zone extending up to 10 Km radius was carried out during January 2021 A list of all plants found in the mine lease area is given in Table 1. If mining is undertaken, the plants in Table 1 are going to be adversely impacted. But all the plants found in the mine lease are very common and widely scattered. Hence, there shall be no loss of plant biodiversity. Table 1. List of plants found in the mine lease area (Core area). The list includes the trees planted / grown by the neighbouring mines within the mine lease. Scientific name Common / local name Family Habit Acacia chundra Sandra karra Mimosaceae Tree Acacia planifrons Godugu thumma Mimosaceae Tree Achyranthes aspera Vuttareni Amaranthaceae Herb Aerva javanica Maga beera Amaranthaceae Herb Aerva lanata Pindi donda Amaranthaceae Herb Albizia amara Narlinga Mimosaceae Tree Azadirachta indica Vepa Meliaceae Tree Blumea lacera Malay blumea Asteraceae Herb Boerhavia diffusa Punarva Nyctaginaceae Herb Brachiaria reptans Running grass Poaceae Grass Calotropis procera Jilledu Asclepiadaceae Shrub Canthium dicoccum Nalla balusu Rubiaceae Shrub Carissa spinarum Vaaka / Kalivi Apocynaceae Shrub Cassia auriculata Tangedu Caesalpiniaceae Shrub Cassia fistula Rela Caesalpiniaceae Tree Cassia siamea Siamese Cassia Caesalpiniaceae Tree Chromolaena odorata Siam weed Asteraceae Shrub Annexure – D: Ecology & Biodiversity Study
Cissus qaudrangularis Nalleru Vitaceae Climber Cynodon dactylon Garika gaddi Poaceae Grass Cyperus rotundus Tunga gaddi Cyperaceae Sedge Pergularia daemia Chebira Asclepiadaceae Climber Dalbergia sissoo Shisham / Sissoo Fabaceae Tree Decalepis hamiltonii Peru Nannari Periplocaceae Climber Dichanthium annulatum Marvel grass Poaceae Grass Digitaria sanguinalis Large crabgrass Poaceae Grass Diospyros chloroxylon Green Ebony Ebenaceae Tree Diospyros melanooxylon Tunki / Beedi leaf Ebenaceae Tree Dodonaea viscosa Bandedu Sapindaceae Shrub Eucalyptus tereticornis Eucalyptus Myrtaceae Tree Evolvulus alsinoides Vishnukranti Convolvulaceae Herb Heteropogon contortus Spear grass Poaceae Grass Holoptelea integrifolia Nemalinara Ulmaceae Tree Hyptis suaveolens American Mint Lamiaceae Herb Jatropha curcas Wild Castor Euphorbiaceae Shrub Lantana camara Lantana Verbenaceae Shrub Leonotis nepetifolia Lion’s ear Lamiaceae Shrub Lepidagathis cristata Mullabanthi Acanthaceae Herb Leptochloa chinensis Chinese sprangletop Poaceae Grass Leucaena leucocephala subabul Mimosacesae Tree Mimosa rubicaulis Rasne / Urisige Mimosaceae Shrub Opuntia elatior Prickly Peer Cactaceae Shrub Prosopis juliflora English Thumma Mimosaceae Tree Sida acuta Common wireweed Malvaceae Herb Tridax procumbens Coat buttons Asteraceae Herb Waltheria indica Sleepy morning Malvaceae Herb Wattakaka volubilis Sneeze Wort Asclepiadaceae Climber Wrightia tinctoria Sweet Indrajao Apocynaceae Tree Xanthium strumarium Common cocklebur Asteraceae Herb Ziziphus nummularia Nela regu Rhamnaceae Tree
Vegetation and flora of the buffer zone: There are no Eco sensitive areas such as the biosphere reserves, wildlife sanctuaries or national parks or IBAs or Ramsar Wetlands within the 10 km buffer zone. But there are reserve forests in the buffer zone. The reserve forests are represented by the Dabilpur RF, Gudavalli RF, Kanukunta RF, Ellampet RF. Pochampalli Kalan RF, Pochampalli Khurd RF, Dindigal RF, Kanukunta RF and Kandla RF. The reserve forests are scattered on all sides and they come under Tropical dry deciduous scrub jungles. They are open scrub jungles dominated by thorny shrubs and invasive species. Apart from the forests, there are built up areas, croplands and plantations including orchards. A list of trees, shrubs and perennial climbers found in the buffer zone is given in Table 2. The list includes the avenue trees grown in residential areas also. A Annexure – D: Ecology & Biodiversity Study list of crops and fruit trees grown in the buffer zone is shown in Table 3. Owing to the extended rainy season in 2020, many herbaceous plants were also found in the study area. They are listed in Table 4. Table 2 List of trees, shrubs, perennial climbers and perennial grasses found in the buffer zone of the project site. Botanical name Common / local name Family Abrus precatorius Gurivinda Fabaceae Acacia auriculiformis Australain wattle Mimosaceae Acacia catechu Khair Mimosaceae Acacia leucophloea Tella thumma Mimosaceae Acacia nilotica Nalla thumma Mimosaceae Acacia pennata Climbing acacia Mimosaceae Acaia horrida Parikithumma Mimosaceae Aegle marmelos Bilva / Velaga Rutaceae Agave americana Kalabanda Agavaceae Ailanthus excelsa Peddamanu Simaroubaceae Alangium salvifolium Udugu Alangiaceae Albizia amara Narlenga Mimosaceae Albizia lebbeck Siris / Dirisana Mimosaceae Alstonia scholaris Saptaparni Apocynaceae Ampelocissus latifolia Adavi theega draksha Vitaceae Anisomeles malabarica Pedda ranabheri Lamiaceae Annona squamosa Custard Apple / Seethaphal Annonaceae Anogeissus latifolia Sirimanu Combretaceae Anthocephalus cadamba Kadamba Rubiaceae Araucaria columnaris Christmas tree Araucariaceae Argyreia nervosa Elephant creeper Convolvulaceae Artocarpus heterophyllus Jackfruit Moraceae Asparagus racemosus Pilli teegelu Liliaceae Aspidopterys cordata Bokadeval Malphigiaceae Azadirachta indica Neem / Vepa Meliaceae Azima tetracantha Tella Uppili Salvadoraceae Balanites aegyptiaca Gara / Gara chettu Zygophyllaceae Bauhinia purpurea Basavanapaada Caesalpiniaceae Bauhinia racemosa Tella Aare chettu Caesalpiniaceae Bauhinia tomentosa Yellow Orchis Tree Caesalpiniaceae Bauhinia variegata Kanchanam Caesalpiniaceae Benkara malabarica Pedda manga Rubiaceae Bombax ceila Buruga Malvaceae Bombax malabaricum Silk Cotton Tree Bombacaceae Borassus flabellifer Taati chettu Arecaceae Boswellia serrata Guggilam Bursaraceae Breynia retusa Chinna purugudu Euphorbiaceae Breynia vitis-ideae, Nalla purugudu Euphorbiaceae Butea monosperma Moduga Fabaceae Butea superba Theega moduga Fabaceae Callistemon citrinus Indian bottle brush tree Myrtaceae Annexure – D: Ecology & Biodiversity Study
Callistemon lanceolatus Bottle brush tree Myrtaceae Calotropis gigantea Tella jilledu Asclepiadaceae Calotropis procera Jilledu Asclepiadaceae Canthium dicoccum Nalla balusu Rubiaceae Canthium parviflorum Balusu Rubiaceae Capparis decidua Yenugudanta / Kareeram Capparaceae Capparis grandis Nalluppi Capparaceae Capparis zeylanica Adonda Capparidaceae Caralluma umbellata Kundeti kommulu Asclepiadaceae Carissa spinarum Kalivi Apocynaceae Cassia auriculata Tangedu Caesalpiniaeae Cassia fistula Rela Ceasolpinaceae Cassia javanica Java Cassia Caesalpiniaceae Cassia siamea Seema Tangedu Caesalpiniaceae Cassia sophera Paidi Tangedu Caesalpiniaceae Cassia spectabilis Golden Cassia Caesalpiniaceae Cassine glauca Nirija Celastraceae Cassytha filiformis Aakasa valli Lauraceae Castanospermum australe Black Bean Fabaceae Casuarina equisetifolia Sarvi Casuarinaceae Catunaregam spinosa Manga / Chinna manga Rubiaceae Celastrus paniculatus Danti Celastraceae Chloroxylon sweitenia Billudu Flindarsiaceae Chromolaena odorata Siam weed Asteraceae Chrysopogon 4rticulates Grass Poaceae Cissampelo spareira Chiru boddi Menispermaceae Cissus quadrangularis Nalleru Ampelidaceae Cissus vitiginea Adavi Gummadi Vitaceae Citrullus colocynthis Verri putcha Cucurbitaceae Clitoria ternatea Guruvinda Fabaceae Cocculus hirsutus Dusara Teega Periplocaceae Combretum albidum Geddepeyyuru Combretaceae Combretum ovalifolium Rangoon creeper Combretaceae Commiphora berryi Indian Balm of Gilead Burseraceae Conocarpus lancifolius Dubai Chettu Combretaceae Corallocarpus epigaeus Akashagadda Cucrbitaceae Cordia dichotoma Banka nakkera Boraginacae Cordia obliqua Iriki Boraginaceae Cordia sebestena Virigi / Scarlet Cordia Boraginaceae Couroupita guianensis Nagalinga Lecythidaceae Cryptolepis buchanani Indian Sarsaparilla Asclepiadaceae Cymbopogon caesius Kasi gaddi Poaceae Cymbopogon coloratus Bodha gaddi Poaceae Daemia extensa Juttuve Asclepiadaceae Dalbergia lanceolaria Nagulapachari Fabaceae Dalbergia latifolia Irugudu chettu Fabaceae Dalbergia paniculata Kondapachari Fabaceae Dalbergia sissoo Sissoo Fabaceae Annexure – D: Ecology & Biodiversity Study
Decalepis hahiltonii Maredu kommulu Periplocaceae Delonix elata Chitikesara Caesalpiniaceae Delonix regia Turaayi Caesalpiniaceae Dendrocalamus strictus Bamboo Poaceae Desmodium pulchellum Deyyapu mokka Fabaceae Dichrostachys cinerea Veluthuru chettu Mimosaceae Dioscorea pentaphylla Adaviginusu theega Dioscoreaceae Diospyros chloroxylon Ulinda Ebenaceae Disospyros melanoxylon Tuniki Ebenaceae Dodonae viscosa Bandaru Sapindaceae Dolichandrone falcata Chitti niruvoddi Bignoniaceae Enterolobium cyclocarpum Elephant Ear Tree Mimosaceae Erythrina indica Indian Coral Tree Fabaceae Erythrina suberosa Corky coral tree Fabaceae Erythroxylon monogynum Red cedar / Gatiri Erythroxylaceae Eucalyptus tereticornis Eucalyptus Myrtaceae Euphorbia antiquorum Brahma jemudu Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia nivulia Malekalli Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia roylena Danda thor Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia tortillis Tirugu jemudu Euphorbiaceae Ficus amplissima Bat tree Moraceae Ficus benghalensis Marri Moraceae Ficus benjamina Weeping fig Moraceae Ficus hispida Hairy Fig Moraceae Ficus racemosa Medi / Cluster fig Moraceae Ficus religiosa Raavi Moraceae Firmiana colorata Coloured Sterculia Sterculiaceae Gardenia gummifera Cittamaali Rubiaceae Gardenia latifolia Pedd karinga Rubiaceae Gardenia resinifera Bikki Rubiaceae Givotia moluccana Konda puniki Euphorbiaceae Givotia rottleriformis Tella poliki Euphorbiaceae Gliricidia sepium Gobbarada mara Fabaceae Gmelina arborea Gummadi teku Verbenaceae Grevillea robusta Silver Oak Proteaceae Grewia flavescens Donkey Berry Tiliaceae Grewia hirsuta Cheema chipuru Tiliaceae Grewia obtusa Jaana Tiliaceae Grewia orbiculata Pedda Jaani Tiliaceae Grewia tenax Kaladi Tiliaceae Grewia tilliaefolia Pedda Jaana Tiliaceae Grewia villosa Bantha Tiliaceae Grewia rothii Sanna Jaana Tiliaceae Grewia tiliifolia Cahrachi Tiliaceae Hardwickia binata Yepi Caesalpiniaceae Hemidesmus indicus Sugankha pala gaddda Asclepiadaceae Heteropogon contortus Pandimullu gaddi Poaceae Holarrhena pubescens Kondamalle Apocyanaceae Annexure – D: Ecology & Biodiversity Study
Holoptelea integrifolia Nemali naara Ulmaceae Ipomoea carnea Bush Morning glory Convolvulaceae Jacaranda mimosaefolia Jacaranda Mimosaceae Jasminum auriculatum Oleaceae Adavi malle Jatropha curcas Adavi aamudam Euphorbiaceae Jatropha gossypifolia Nepalam Euphorbiaceae Kigelia pinnata Yenugu paadam Bignoniaceae Lagerstroemia flos-reginae Pride of India Lythraceae Lagerstroemia parviflora Chennangi Lythraceae Lannea coromandelica Ajashrungi Anacardiaceae Lantana camara Lantana Verbenaceae Leptadenia reticulata Mukkupala Teega Asclepiadaceae Leucaena leucocephala Subabul Mimosaceae Limonia acidissima Velaga Rutaceae Madhuca latifolia Ippa Sapotaceae Mangifera indica Mango / Maamidi Anacardiaceae Manilkara hexandra Ceylon Iron wood Sapotaceae Manilkara zapota Sapota Sapotaceae Maytenus emerginata Danti / Chinni tuppa Celastraceae Melia dubia Malabar Neem Meliaceae Millingtonia hortensis Akasha Mallige Bignoniaceae Mimosa polyancistra Pariki Thumma Mimosaceae Mimosa rubicaulis Pariki kampa Mimosaceae Mimosops elengi Pogada Sapotaceae Morinda pubescens Togaru / Maddi chettu Rubiaceae Moringa oleifera Munaga Moringaceae Mundulea sericea Kondavempali Fabaceae Muntingia calabura Jamaica Cherry Muntingiaceae Olax scandens Turuka vepa Olacaceae Ougeinia oojeinesis Tella mothuku Fabaceae Pachygone ovata Pedda dusara Teege Menispermaceae Parkia biglandulosa Shivalinga Mimosaceae Parkinsonia aculeata Jeeluga Mimosaceae Pavetta crassicaulis Papidi Rubiaceae Peltophorum pterocarpum Konda chinta Caesalpiniaceae Pergularia daemia Dustapa teega Asclepiadaceae Phoenix humilis Konda Eetha Araceae Phoenix sylvestris Eetha Araceae Phyllanthus acidus Raacha Vusiri Phyllanthaceae Phyllanthus emblica Usiri Euphorbiaceae Phyllanthus reticulatus Pulasari / Puliseru Euphorbiaceae Pithecellobium dulce Seema chinta Mimosaceae Plumeria alba Tella devaganneru Apocynaceae Plumeria rubra Erra devaganneru Apocynaceae Polyalthia longifolia Ashoka Annonaceae Polyalthia pendula Ashoka Annonaceae Pongamia pinnata Gaanuga chettu Fabaceae Prosopis cineraria Jammi Mimosaceae Annexure – D: Ecology & Biodiversity Study
Prosopis juliflora English Thumma Mimosaceae Putranjiva roxburghii Putrajiva Putranjivaceae Rhus mysorensis Sundari Anacardiaceae Salvadora persica Gunnangi Salvadoraceae Samanea saman Nidrabhangi Mimosaceae Sapindus emarginatus Kunkundu Sapindaceae Sarcostemma acidium Leafless East Indian Wine Asclepiadaceae Sarcostemma secamone Chitti paala Asclepiadacae Simarouba glauca Paradise tree Simaroubaceae Solanum torvum Konda usti Solanaeae Solanum trilobatum Mundla Musti Solanaeae Soymida febrifuga Somidi Meliaceae Spathodea companulata African Tulip Bignoniaceae Sterculia foetida Adavi badam Sterculiaceae Sterculia urens Gum karaya Sterculiaceae Stereospermum personatum Yellow Snake Tree / Bignoniaceae Ambuvasini Streblus asper Baranika Moraceae Strychnos nux-vomica Vishamushti Loganiacaeae Swietenia macrophylla Mahogany Meliaceae Syzigium cumini Neradu Myrtaceae Tabebuia argentea Tree of Gold Bignoniaceae Tabebuia avellanedae Pink Tabebuia Bignoniaceae Tabebuia rosea Pink Poui Bignoniaceae Tabermontana divaricata Nandivardhanam Apocynaceae Tamarindus indica Tamarind / Chinta Caesalpiniaceae Tarenna asiatica Kommi Rubiaceae Tecoma stans Patcha turai Bignoniaceae Tectona grandis Teak / Teku Verbenaceae Terenna asiatica Kommi Rubiaceae Terminalia alata Yenumaddi Combretaceae Terminalia arjuna Tella maddi Combretaceae Terminalia bellirica Tandra Combretaceae Terminalia catappa Almond Combretaceae Terminalia paniculata Puta nallamaanu Combretaceae Thespecia populnea Ganga Raavi Malvaceae Tylophora indica Kukkapala teega Asclepiadaceae Ventilago uratus Ventilago Rhamnaceae Vitex negundo Vaavili / Nirgundi Verbenaceae Wattakaka volubilis Tummudu teega Asclepiadaceae Wrightia tinctoria Paalakurche Apocyanaceae Ximenia americana Bili Nekkera Oleaceae Ziziphus horrida Tella Regu Rhamnaceae Ziziphus marutiana Regu Rhamnaceae Ziziphus oenoplia Pariki Chettu Rhamnaceae Ziziphus xylopyrus Gotti Rhamnaceae
Annexure – D: Ecology & Biodiversity Study
Table 3 : List of crops and fruit trees grown in the buffer zone Name of the crop Name of the plant species Category Raagi Eleusine corocana Cereal grain Paddy / Rice Oryza sativa Cereal grain Bajra Pennisetum typhoides Cereal grain Fox millet Setaria italica Cereal grain Jowar / Sorghum Sorghum vulgare Cereal grain Corn /Maize Zea mays Cereal grain Cotton Gossypium barbadense Cotton Cotton Gossypium herbaceum Cotton Kanakambaram Crossandra infundibuliformis Flower Jasmine Jasminum sambac Flower Tuberose Polianthes tuberosa Flower Roses Rosa sp. Flower Marigold Tagetus erectus Flower Watermelon Citrullus lanatus Fruit Muskmelon Cucumis melo Fruit Sapota Achras sapota Fruit Papaya Carica papaya Fruit Watermelon Citrullus lanata Fruit Lime Citrus aurantifolia Fruit Lemon Citrus limon Fruit Muskmelon Cucumis melo Fruit Mango Mangifera indica Fruit Banana Musa paradisiaca Fruit Guava Psidium guajava Fruit Pomegranate Punica granatum Fruit Jamun Syzygium cumini Fruit Tamarind Tamrindus indica Fruit Ber / Apple Ber Ziziphus mauritiana Fruit Groundnut Arachis hypogea Oil seed Safflower Carthamus inctorius Oil seed Sunflower Helianthus annuus Oil seed Til / Sesame Sesamum indicum Oil seed Red gram Cajanus cajan Pulses Bengal gram / Chick Pea Cicer arietinum Pulses Horse gram Microtyloma uniflorum Pulses Black gram Vigna mungo Pulses Green gram Vigna radiata Pulses Cow pea Vigna unguiculata Pulses Sugar cane Saccharum officinarum Sugar Onion Allium cepa Vegetable Garlic Allium sativum Vegetable Ladies fingers Abelmoschus esculentus Vegetable Beet root Beta vulgaris Vegetable Cabbage Brassica oleracea var. capitata Vegetable Cauliflower Brassica oleracea var. botrytis Vegetable Annexure – D: Ecology & Biodiversity Study
Sword bean Canavalia ensiformis Vegetable Chillies Capsicum frutescens Vegetable Cucumber Cucmis sativus Vegetable Pumpkin Cucurbita pepo Vegetable Ivy gourd Coccinia grandis Vegetable Cluster bean Cyamopsis tetragonoloba Vegetable Carrot Daucus carota Vegetable Green Beans Dolichos lablab Vegetable Sweet Potato Ipomoea batata Vegetable Purple bean Lablab purpureus Vegetable Bottle guard Lagenaria vulgaris Vegetable Ridge guard Luffa acutangula Vegetable Tomato Lycopersicon esculentum Vegetable Manihot Manihot esculentus Vegetable Bitter guard Momordica charantea Vegetable Drumsticks Moringa oleifera Vegetable Radish Raphanus sativus Vegetable Brinjal Solanum melongena Vegetable Snake guard Trichosanthes cucumerina Vegetable
Table 4. List of herbs and weeds found in the buffer zone of the study area. Scientific name Local / Common name Family Acalypha indica Muripenda Euphorbiaceae Actinopteris radiata Nemali adugu Pteridaceae Aerva lanata Pindikura Amaranthaceae Ageratum conyzoides Adavi pudina Asteraceae Alysicarpus monilifer Braramatal chettu Fabaceae Argemone mexicana Mexican Poppy Papavaraceae Aristida adscensionis Nalla putiki Poaceae Biophytum sensitivum Jalapupa Oxalidaceae Cassia occidentalis Adavitangedu Ceasalpinaceae Cassia tora Pedda kasinda Ceasolpinaceae Celosia cristata Cock’s Comb Amaranthaceae Cymbopogon citratus Nimma gaddi Poaceae Desmodium gangtecum Deyyam jeda Plantaginaceae Dichanthium annulatum Needa gaddi Poaceae Digera arvensis Chenchali kura Amaranthaceae Eragrostis unioloides Udara gaddi Poaceae Glinus oppositifolius Chatuntharashi Molluginaceae Heteropogon contortus Nalla ete gaddi Poaceae Hyptis suaveolens American Mint Lamiaceae Indigofera linnaei Yerra palleru Fabaceae Parthenium hysterophorus Vayyaari Bhama Asteraceae Polycarpaea corymbosa Bommasaari Caryophyllaceae Pulicaria wightiana Adavi chamanthi Asteraceae Senna uniflora One-leaf Senna Caesalpiniaceae Triumfetta rhomboidea Banka tuttura Teliaceae
Annexure – D: Ecology & Biodiversity Study
Terrestrial Fauna of the study area:
As the animals, especially the vertebrates and the winged invertebrates move from place to place in search of food, shelter, mate or other biological needs, separate lists for core and buffer areas are not desirable. The core area has two distinct types of topography and vegetation. Within the dense scrub jungle part, Peacocks and Wild boars were sighted. There are no Sanctuaries, National Parks, Tiger Reserve or Biosphere Reserve or Elephant Corridor or other protected areas within 10 Km of radius from core area. It is evident from the available records, reports and circumstantial evidence that the entire study area including the core and buffer areas were free from any endangered animals except, Peacock, a Schedule I bird. Among the Mammals, only Squirrels, Mongoose, Rats, Bandicoots and Rabbits were seen noticed during the survey. Monkeys were found in some parts of the buffer zone. Among the reptiles, Lizards, Garden lizards were common. No snakes were seen during the survey but their occurrence can’t be ruled out. They may be found now and then in some place or the other in the study area. Other reptiles were very rare. The amphibians were also rare. A list of Mammals, Reptiles and Amphibians either found or reported from the area is given in Table 5. A list of birds either found or recorded or reported is given in Table 6. There were no resident birds other than Crows, Parrots, Doves, and Weaver birds, Swifts, Quails and Mynas. It is apparent from the list that Peacock is the only Schedule I species found in the study area including the core area. But it belongs to the Least concern (LC) category of the IUCN. A list of birds either spotted or reported or recorded from the area under consideration is given in Table 6. The data is verified with Avibase and there are no RET species.
Table 5: List of vertebrates other than birds found in and around the project site. LC means Least concern and VU means Vulnerable . Common / Local name Scientific name IUCN /WPA MAMMALS Large bandicoot rat Bandicota indica LC / IV Short-nosed fruit bat Cynopterus sphinx LC / IV Three striped squirrels Funambulus palmarum LC / IV Indian bush rat Golunda ellioti LC / IV Indian grey mongoose Herpestes edwardsii LC / IV Indian crested porcupine Hystrix indica LC / IV Common Indian field mouse Mus booduga LC / IV Home mouse Mus musculus LC / IV Bandicoot rat Nosokia indica LC / IV Indian pygmy pipistrelle Pipistrellus mimus LC / IV Long-eared bat Plecotus auritus LC / IV Common Indian rat Rattus rattus LC / IV Greater yellow bat Scotophillus heathi LC / IV Savvy pygmy shrew Suncus etruscus LC / IV House shrew Suncus murinus LC / IV Wild boar Sus scrofa LC / III REPTILES Common Indian Krait Bungarus caeruleus LC / II Garden lizard Calotes versicolor LC / IV Annexure – D: Ecology & Biodiversity Study
Chameleon Chameleon zeylanicus LC / II Tree Snake Chrysopelea taprobanica LC / II Whip Snake Dryphis nasutus LC / II Saw scaled viper Echis carinatus LC / II Indian skink Eutropis carinata LC / IV Indian wall lizard Hemidactylus flaviviridis LC / IV Indian Bull Frog Hoplobatrachus tigerinus LC / IV Cobra Naja naja LC / II Rat snake Ptyas mucosa LC / II Blind Snake Typhlops diardii LC / IV Slender Blind Snake Typhlops porrectus LC / II Common Indian Monitor Varanus bengalensis LC / I Russell’s viper Vipera russseli LC / II AMPHIBIANS Common Indian Toad Duttaphrynus melanostictus LC / IV Green pond frog Euphlyctis hexadactylus LC / IV Common tree frog Polypedates maculatus LC / IV Indian Burrowing frog Sphaerotheca breviceps LC / IV
Table 6. List of Birds either spotted or reported from the areas in and around the mine lease area. IUCN / Scientific Name Common Name Family WPA Accipiter badius Shikra Accipitridae LC / IV Acridotheres tristis Common myna Sturnidae LC / IV Aegithinia tiphia Common Iora Irenidae LC / IV Alcedo atthis Smallblue kingfisher Alcedinidae LC / IV Amaurornis phoenicurus White-breasted waterhen Recurvirostridae LC / IV Anas poecilorhyncha Spot-billed duck Anatidae LC / IV Ardea cinerea Grey Heron Ardeidae LC / IV Ardeola grayii Pond Heron Ardeidae LC / IV Athene brama Spotted owlet Noctuidae LC / IV Bubulcus ibis Cattle Egret Ardeidae LC / IV Centropus sinasis Greater coucal Phasianidae LC / IV Ceryle rudis Lesser pied Kingfisher Alcedinidae LC / IV Columba livia Blue rock pigeon Columbidae LC / IV Coracias benghalensis Indian roller Coraciidae LC / IV Corvus splendens House crow Corvidae LC / V Dendrocitta vagabunda Indian tree pie Corvidae LC / IV Dendrocygna javanica Lesser whistling-duck Anatidae LC / IV Dicaeum erythrorhynchos Tickell’s flower pecker Dicaeidae LC / IV Dicrurus macrocercus Black drongo Dicruridae LC / IV Egretta garzetta Little egret Ardeidae LC / IV Elanus caeruleus Black-shouldered kite Accipitridae LC / IV Annexure – D: Ecology & Biodiversity Study
Eudynamys scolopace Asian koel Cuculidae LC / IV Fulica atra Coot Rallidae LC / IV Gallinula chloropus Indian Moorhen Rallidae LC / IV Halcyon smyrnensis White-Breasted King Alcedinidae LC / IV fisher Hierococcyx varius Brain fever bird Ardeidae LC / IV Himantopus himantopus Black-winged stilt Recurvirostridae LC / IV Hydrophasianus chrugus Pheasant tailed Jacana Jacanidae LC / IV Lanius excubitor Great grey shrike Daniidae LC / IV lxobrychus cinnamomeus Chestnut bittern Ardeidae LC / IV Megalaima haemacephala Copper smith Barbet Capitonidae LC / IV Merops orientalis Small Bee eater Meropidae LC / IV Milvus migrans Black kite Accipitridae LC / IV Motacilla alba White wagtail Motacillidae LC / IV Motacilla flava Yellow wagtail Motacillidae LC / IV Motacilla maderaspatensis Large pied wagtail Motacillidae LC / IV Nectarinia asiatica Purple sunbird Nectariniidae LC / IV Nectarinia zeylonica Purple-rumped sunbird Nectariniidae LC / IV Oriolus oriolus Eurasian golden oriole Oriolidae LC / IV Passer domesticus House sparrow Passeridae LC / IV Pavo cristatus Peacock Phasianidae LC / I Perirocotus cinnomomeus Small Minivet Phasianidae LC / IV Phalacrocorax carbo Large Cormorant Phalacrocoracidae LC / IV Phalacrocorax niger Little cormorant Phalacrocoracidae LC / IV Porphyrio porphyrio Purple moorhen Rallidae LC / IV Prinia inornata Plain prinia Cisticolidae LC / IV Prinia socialis Ashy prinia Cisticolidae LC / IV Psittacula cyanocephala Blossom headed Parakeet Psittacidae LC / IV Psittacula krameri Rose-Ringed Parakeet Psittacidae LC / IV Pycnonotus cafer Red-vented bulbul Pycnonotidae LC / IV Saxicolodies fulicata Indian robin Turdinae LC / IV Streptopelia chinensis Spotted dove Columbidae LC / IV Streptopelia decaocto Eurasian Collared-Dove Columbidae LC / IV Streptopelia Senegalensis Little brown dove Columbidae LC / IV Streptopelia tranquebarica Red Collared-Dove Columbidae LC / IV Sturnus pagodarum Brahminy starling Sturnidae LC / IV Turdoides caudatus Common babbler Timalinae LC / IV Upupa epops Common hoopoe Upupidae LC / IV Vanellus indicus Red-wattled lapwing Charadriidae LC / IV
Annexure – D: Ecology & Biodiversity Study
Aquatic flora and Fauna of the study area: There are only small and medium irrigation tanks in the buffer zone. There are no perennial reservoirs in the study area. There are storm water streams in the the buffer zone. All the tanks were full this year on account of copious rains till November. A list of aquatic and semiaquatic plants found along the banks of the water bodies and in shallow waters is given in Table 7. A list of fishes grown in the tanks is given in Table 8. Table 7. List of aquatic and semiaquatic macrophytes found in the water bodies of the buffer zone Latin name Common name Family Ageratum conyzoides Adavi pudina Asteraceae Alternanthera philoxeroides Alligator weed Solanaceae Azolla pinnata Mosquito fern Azollaceae Bacopa monnieri Brahmi Scropulariaceae Brachiaria mutica Para grass Poaceae Caesulia axillaris Erragobbi Asteraceae Carex cruciata Bengal Sedge Cyperaceae Centella asiatica Saraswathaaku Apiaceae Chrysopogon aciculatus Golden False Beard Grass Poaceae Commelina benghalensis Ennoddula gaddi Commiliniaceae Cynodon dactylon Garika gaddi Poaceae Cyperus arenarius Bhadramushte Cyperaceae Cyperus exaltatus Tall flat sedge Cyperaceae Cyperus rotundus Thunga Poaceae Echinochloa colona Jungle rice Poaceae Eclipta prostrate Gunta galagara Asteraceae Eichhornia crassipes Gurrapu Dekka Pontederiaceae Hygrophila aurciculata Enugu palleru Acanthaceae Ipomoea aquatica Tutikura Convolvulaceae Ipomoea carnea Besharam Convolvulaceae Lobelia nicotianfolia Adavi pogaku Companulaceae Ludwigia perennis Lavanga kaaya Onagraceae Marsilia quadrifolia Water clover Marsiliaceae Nelumbo nucifera Tamara Nelumbiaceae Nymphaea nouchali Blue Water Lily Nympheaceae Nymphaea stellata Star Lotus Nympheaceae Ottelia alismoides Edakula tamara Hydrocharitaceace Oxalis corniculata Pachha oxalis Oxalidaceae Paspalidium geminatum Water crown grass Poaceae Phyla nodiflora Bokkena Verbenaceae Pistia stratoites Budaga tamara Araceae Typha angustata Jambu gaddi Typhaceae
Annexure – D: Ecology & Biodiversity Study
Table 8. List of fishes grown in the tanks of the buffer zone . NL means not listed and LC means least concern. Scientific name English Name Local name IUCN /WPA Catla catla Katla Botcha LC /NL Channa striata Striped snakehead Korrameenu LC /NL Cirrhinus cirrhosa White carp Aruza LC /NL Cirrhinus mrigala Mrigal Yerramosu LC /NL Cirrhinus reba Reba carp Chittrai LC /NL Ctenopharyngodon idella Grass carp Gaddi chepa LC /NL Cyprinus carpio Common carp Bangaruteega LC /NL Daniorerio Chintakuparega Zebra danio Zebra fish LC /NL Gambusia affinis Mosquito fish Gambusia LC /NL Labeo bata Bata Mosu LC /NL Labeo calbasu Kalbasu Kakiparaka LC /NL Labeo rohita Rohu Seelavathi LC /NL Oreochromius mossambicus Mozambique Tilapia Doobotcha LC /NL Oreochromius niloticus Nile tilapia Doobotcha LC /NL
Chapter II: PREDICTION OF IMPACTS
II.1: Prediction of Impacts on Biodiversity: Prediction of impacts is based both on the direct and indirect; short-term as well as long-term; irreversible and irreversible impacts that are most likely to occur owing to the proposed activity during establishment and operation. The ecological factors that are considered most significant as far as the impact on flora and fauna are concerned: 1.Whether there shall be any reduction in species diversity or loss of any rare or endangered or threatened species? 2.Whether there shall be any habitat loss or fragmentation 3.Whether there shall be any additional risk or threat to the rare or endangered or endemic or threatened (REET)species 4.Whether there shall be any impairment of ecological functions such as (i) disruption of food chains, (ii) decline in species population and or (iii) alterations in predator-prey relationships. As stated in the project proposal, it is an opencast semi mechanized rough stone quarry involving no forest land. There are no forest and wildlife related issues. Hence, there shall be no loss of forests. The landscape is going to undergo drastic change. But yet there shall be no loss of any RET flora or fauna on account of quarrying. The proposes activity will not lead to any fragmentation of wildlife habitats. There shall be no disruption in food chains. Predator-prey relationships are not going to be altered. The loss of fodder and firewood is minor. Grazing shall be permitted in the areas unopened. Thus, the essential needs of the local landless people and families are met to a large extent.
II.2: Quantification of Impact as the product of magnitude and sensitivity: The impacts of the proposed activity on Ecology and Biodiversity have been evaluated using check list methods and Impact Matrices. Annexure – D: Ecology & Biodiversity Study
Brief procedure and protocols:
Environmental impact matrices take in to account the actions or activities and their impacts on the receptors. In most cases, both are qualitative and hence subjective. Attempts have been made from time to time to measure or quantify the impacts. The result is the development of Impact matrices such as the Check lists, Leopold Matrix, Composite matrices etc. During the recent years, many changes have been made by different investigators in order to minimize subjectivity and to increase objectivity. Not all impacts are same. Loss of 100 Ha of barren area on account of mining and loss of 100 Ha of dense forest due to mining can’t be the same. The impacts of an activity on Eco sensitive areas such as Wildlife Sanctuaries, National Parks, Biosphere reserves or other life supporting systems can’t be the same. It should also be noted that the impacts depend on the carrying capacity of the ecosystem or receptors. For instance, even a mild increase of atmospheric pollution in a critically polluted area will have greater adverse impact. Thus, the baseline information should also be taken in to account while preparing the impact statement.
The matrix approach is reasonably flexible. The total number of specified actions and environmental items may increase or decrease depending on the nature and scope of the study and the specific T.o.R for which the environmental impact study is undertaken. After an extensive review of literature and vast practical experience in the field of survey and study of impacts of various projects on Ecology and Biodiversity, the following procedure and protocols have been developed by the author.
➢ Impact identification: Positive (+) or negative (-) or neutral (0). ➢ Magnitude of the impact (mi): It may be measured based on Spatial (area involved) and Temporal (duration of impacts) aspects: In this connection, it is suggested that if the impacts extend over an area of 100 Ha or more or the impacts are repetitive or the time taken for recovery or reclamation or restoration extends over 25 years or more, the impact shall be considered as 5 in the 0 to 5 scale. Between 0 and 5, depending on spatial and temporal aspects, impact can be indicated by a number between 0 and 5. Magnitude of the impact (mi) does not carry any + or – sign. ➢ Sensitivity of the impact (si): In case of negative impacts, the si value is indicated by – (minus). Sensitivity is judged based on the importance of the structure or function and its relevance to the sustainability of the Ecosystems, its functions and services. In case of si, if the impact to going to severely disrupt ecosystem services and or pose a serious threat to 10 or more rare or endangered or threatened species or keystone species, the si shall be -5. Thus, the si values can range from 0 to 5 and -0 to -5. ➢ The combined impact of mi and si is considered as the product of mi and si. If mi is 5 and si is 5, the combined impact is 25 and if mi is 5 and si is -5, the combined impact is 25. Thus, each impact is measured in terms of mi and si and the combined impact is calculated. Annexure – D: Ecology & Biodiversity Study
➢ The overall impact of calculated as the sum of the impacts. If we use the similar process and calculate the overall impacts on air, water, soil, socioeconomic aspects along with Ecology and biodiversity, we can get the grand sum of impacts. If the grand sum of impacts is negative, the project many not be permitted. Impact statement for the 9.9 Ha, 4,19,938.20 Cum/year Opencast Rough Stone and Road metal sand Mine is given in Table 9.
Table 9: Impact Matrix of the 9.9 Ha./ 4,19,938.20 Cum/year Rough Stone and Road metal sand on Ecology and Biodiversity including wildlife. Impact and recipient Without EMP With EMP mi si mi x si mi si mi x si Impact on National Parks 0 -3 0 0 3 0 Impact on Wildlife 0 -3 0 0 3 0 Sanctuaries Impact on Biosphere 0 -3 0 0 3 0 Reserves Impact on wetlands 0 -3 0 0 3 0 Impact on reserve forests 0 -2 0 0 2 0 Impact on Protected Forests 0 -2 0 0 2 0 Impact on Wildlife 0 -3 0 0 3 0 Impact on local vegetation 2 -1 -2 2 1 2 and flora Loss of fodder 1 -1 -1 2 1 2 Loss of firewood 1 -1 -1 2 1 2 Disruption of ecosystem 0 -5 0 0 -5 0 services and functions Fragmentation of habitat 0 -3 0 0 -3 0 Loss of breeding grounds of 0 -3 0 0 -3 0 wildlife Loss of productivity 1 -1 -1 1 1 1 Loss of carbon sequestration 1 -1 -1 2 1 2 Indirect impacts due to air 2 -1 -2 1 -1 -1 pollution Total -8 8 The proposed activity has no net negative impacts on Ecosystem services and local vegetation. The area under consideration has the required assimilative capacity as the area is not polluted. Reclamation and restoration are going to take a long time. It is not totally possible to restore it to the original condition. However, in order to meet the construction and economic needs of the Nation, mining has become an unavoidable evil. The impact matrix presented in Table 11 reveals that the mining shall ensure the international objective of “No Net Loss” of Biodiversity.
II.3: Impacts on Rare or endangered or threatened (RET) or Schedule I species: None of the plant species found in study area is included in the Botanical Survey of India (BSI) list of Threatened pants of India. But in case of animals, Peacock (Pavo cristatus) and Annexure – D: Ecology & Biodiversity Study
Common Indian Monitor (Varanus bengalensis) are the two schedule I species reported and spotted in the study area. There is no major threat to the Peacock because of the threat of prosecution and also because it is worshipped as the Vahana of Karthikeya. Due to surveillance by the forest and wildlife department, sale poaching of Peacocks is rare. According to the State of India’s Birds 2020 Report, populations of Peacocks have doubled in most areas of their habitats. Indian monitor is listed under the LC (Least concern) category by the IUCN. Plan for conservation of Schedule I species is given under the EMP Chapter.
CHAPTER III: ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN: The Biological Diversity Act, 2002 (No. 18 of 2003) was notified by the Government of India on 5th February, 2003. The Act extends to the whole of India and reaffirms the sovereign rights of the country over its biological resources. Subsequently the Government of India under Section 62 has made Biological Diversity Rule, 2004 (15th April, 2004).The Rules 22 states that ‘every local body shall constitute a Biodiversity Management Committee (BMC’s) within its area of jurisdiction’. During 2009 Government of India under Section 63 has made Andhra Pradesh Biological Diversity Rules 2009. After bifurcation of Andhra, Telangana State notified its Biological Diversity Rules 2015. Accordingly, the State Biodiversity Management Committee has been constituted. Efforts are being made to conserve local biodiversity. However, in the area under study, there are no rare or endemic or endangered or threatened (REET) species and the flora and fauna of the study area occurs in wide geographical areas. Peacock is here is only schedule I species found in the study area. In deed it is very common both in the forest and non- forest areas. It is not a RET species but yet the conservation plan is given below:
Conservation plan for the Schedule I species listed: Principles of Conservation of Wildlife: Common Indian Monitor (Varanus bengalensis) and Peacock (Pavo cristatus) are the two schedule I species that has been reported from the study area. Though they are included in Schedule I they are s placed under the least concern (LC) category by the IUCN. The buffer zone where the Monitor and the Peacock are found is shared by different users. But no one has a legal or territorial jurisdiction over the wildlife habitat. Though the different project proponents submit plans for conservation of Schedule I species, they just remain on paper because of practical and legal issues. The basic issues that need to be addressed before a workable conservation plan is prepared are: 1: Issues and Challenges involved in Wildlife Conservation: The word conservation is considered synonymous with preservation. Preservation has no meaning in conservation of a biological species. Conservation of a species is not preservation. We preserve food, fruits, vegetables and museum specimens. We also talk about conservation of water and natural resources. But the concept of conservation of a species is totally different from the preservation of food and conservation of resources like water. It may be possible to conserve an individual (but not a species) till it dies by keeping it under ex-situ conditions. But that is not going to save a species if it is rare or declining or facing threats of extinction. Every Act and Rule promulgated by every country for conservation of any rare or endangered or threatened (RET)species emphasizes the importance of habitat conservation as the primary and the most essential component of species conservation.
Annexure – D: Ecology & Biodiversity Study
2: What is a biological Species? A species is defined as a collection of individuals which under natural conditions can feely exchange their genes by cross breeding producing viable and fertile progeny of their own kind. 3: What is being done in India for conservation of a species? In India, apart from the Wildlife Protection Act, Forest Conservation Act, Environmental Protection Act and Biodiversity Act, we have species -specific conservation plans for individual species like Tiger (Project Tiger), Elephant (Project Elephant), Crocodile and Sea Turtles. We have elaborate set of rules, and operational procedures. In general, they emphasize the importance of habitat conservation as the basic means of in-situ conservation. Habitat conservation calls for the intervention of the authority concerned. A project proponent has no right to undertake any forest or wildlife conservation plan in a forest area which is under the control of the forest department. It has become more of a custom to ask for a plan for conservation of Schedule I species irrespective of feasibility. The basic defect with this routine practice is that we failed to apply rational, logical and scientific thinking. We have chosen to sail with the wind or tide. Anyone can give a report or plan for conservation of a RET or Schedule I species since we have standard operational procedures as envisaged by the T.o.R. That is simple and easy to do if we leave aside the practicability and feasibility. Should we not consider the basic scientific, technical and legal aspects of conservation? The fundamental issues that one should take in to account before a workable, adequate and feasible species conservation plan is prepared are: i. Desirability and essentiality: Do we need to conserve a species that belongs to the Least concern (LC) category of the IUCN simply because, it is included in Schedule I? Our Wildlife Protection Act is more or less stationary? But the IUCN comes out with reasonably latest information and annual Red Data Records. The former is concerned about the protection of the species in India while the latter is concerned about conservation at global level and in all areas where it exists. ii. Feasibility: Can anyone go and feed a Leopard or an isolated wild elephant? Can we conserve a species by posting some security guards? iii. Adequacy: How do we know that the plan for conservation given by someone is adequate and capable of conserving the species? iv. Practicality: When there are different projects or industries within the same buffer zone and everyone gives his own conservation plan. But who is going to take the lead when it comes to its conservation? Can a project proponent take any action for conservation of a Schedule I species present in an area over which he has no legal right without the permission from the Wildlife Department? Is it simple to obtain such permission? v. Holistic vs fragmentary approach: Will it be possible to sustain any wild species in situ without a holistic approach? Fragmentary approach may be fine in case of conservation under ex-situ conditions but not in case of in-situ conditions. All the above are important considerations. We can’t ignore them and give some plan which can never be enforced. Annexure – D: Ecology & Biodiversity Study
Based on the secondary data about the presence of an individual of a Schedule I species like Sloth Bear in the buffer zone, do we know anything about the following fundamental aspects? i. Size of the population: Number of individuals in the given habitat ii. Health and age of the population, with special reference to reproductive age and sex ratios etc. iii. Quality of the habitat iv. Carrying capacity of the habitat v. Potential threats to the species vi. Whether the project is going to cause shrinkage of habitat or fragmentation of the habitat or loss of feeding and breeding grounds or impairment of ecosystem functions or disruption of Ecosystem services or alteration of predator – prey relationships etc vii. The specific niche of the species- its length (narrow niched species or Steno species and width (broad-niched species or Eury species) viii. Interactions within the populations and among the populations ix. Inherent threats to the population from known and unknown quarters. Can we prepare a workable and effective plan for conservation of a species without due regard to the issues raised above? Can the project proponent commission such survey without the written permission from the National Wildlife Board? Is it possible for any project proponent to collect all the above data within a limited time and budget? In order to conserve a species in-situ, the habitat should be the home ground for the species; there should be sustainable breeding populations and finally safe, adequate and sustainable environment. It will never be possible to conserve any species which strays in to a strange habitat where it has not become an integral component in the complex web of that particular Ecosystem. Conservation of Monitor Lizard (Varanus bengalensis): Varanua bengalensisis or the Indian monitor lizard is found all over India. This lizard is ground dwelling and prefers the shady places and build nests in sand dunes and mud tunnels. Due to ever expanding urbanization, habitat loss of this species is on rise and because of that this animal is entering the households where people kill it due to several orthodox beliefs. According to IUCN Red List, Varanua bengalensisis considered as the least concerned species in terms of conservation priorities but its population size is decreasing at an alarming rate. The primary reason for population decline, according to Sharma et al (2018), is the killing of this animal by local people due to lack of awareness about the importance of this lizard. People hunt the Varanua bengalensisis for meat consumption as well as for skin sale. They also discovered several false beliefs among local peoples which cause immense harm to these monitors. Rural people believe that if a tongue of a land monitor is eaten by inserting in a ripe banana, it will give super memory to the child. Another common belief is that chewing the tail of a land monitor strengthens the gums and the flesh of a land monitor is a remedy for convalescents. Since the land monitor rarely drinks water from the water outlet, people believe that if a person eats the flesh of a land monitor, he will never suffer from wheeze. The oil of Varanua bengalensisis, extracted from the fat bodies of lizard is used for the treatment for failing vision, arthritis, rheumatism, piles and muscular pains and for cooking purpose in Annexure – D: Ecology & Biodiversity Study extreme winters. Apart from the above, Varanua bengalensisis are also killed while crossing the roads by vehicles and dogs. Involvement of people in conservation efforts through mass education and dispelling the false and unsubstantiated claims that put a heavy price on the head of the monitor are the areas where the project proponent can play a significant role. Peacock Conservation: Introduction: The Indian Peafowl appears so frequently in religion, folklore, art and craft, that it is possibly the most recognised bird across India. Internationally as well, the peafowl (perhaps alongside the tiger) is immediately associated with India. Having been declared the national bird in 1963, the species also finds itself under the highest level of legal protection in the country, being placed in Schedule I of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 and further amendments. Peafowl are spread across the plains and hills of India, except in extremely dry or wet regions. The abundance trend is that of a general increase, both in the long term and currently. This trend appears to result from a combination of range expansion (e.g. into Kerala, from where it was formerly absent), and a population increase virtually throughout its distribution. The reasons for this pattern have not been investigated in detail, but expansion into Kerala may be associated with an overall drying trend, and expansion into the Thar desert appears to have accompanied the spread of canals and irrigation. The protection (and associated penalties for poaching and poisoning) afforded by being in Schedule I may also have contributed to increase. Some parts of the country report greater levels of crop damage by peafowl, a trend that calls for careful conflict assessment and management. According to the State of India’s Birds 2020 Report, Peacock population more than doubled in India during the past one decade. In the neighbouring Sri Lanka, is assumed the proportions of a pest. According to the IUCN Red list, Peacock is in the least concern (LC) category.
Conservation Plan: Peacock is a large and beautiful flying bird and rightly crowned as the National Bird. It occurs all over India both in forest and non-forest areas. The Peacocks worshipped as the Vahana/ carriers of Karthikeya / Subrahmanya Swamy/ Murugan in India , Nepal and Sri Lanka. Hence, there is no threat from locals. In the project under consideration, Peacocks were found in the buffer zone mainly in local temples where they are protected. They were not found in the project site or core area. There are two major kinds of threats to Peacock. One is illegal poaching for meat and feathers and the other is due to consumption of pesticide treated seeds sown by farmers. In spite of the above, there are healthy populations according to the State of India’s Birds 2020 Report and there is no risk of extinction. If allowed to domesticate, Peacocks shall become pet birds and their numbers can increase very rapidly. Peacocks are of widespread occurrence and there is no specific conservation plan for Peacocks similar to the specific conservation plan of Tigers, Elephants, Crocodiles, Sea Turtles etc. The project proponent is prohibited by law capture the Peacocks and domesticate them or breed Annexure – D: Ecology & Biodiversity Study them under captivity. Any plan designed to conserve and mange a Schedule I species should take in to the account the basic scientific principles and criteria. Conservation does not mean preservation. Species conservation implies sustainable management under in-situ conditions. When an isolated male or female is found in one place within the buffer zone, no one can conserve the species by taking care of that solitary bird without violating the WPA. The conservation plan should be need -based, realistic, practically feasible, scientific and technical. In case of Peacocks found in the buffer zone, the only thing that the project proponent can do is to create of awareness among the public in general and the project dependent people in particular about the need to conserve them and to motivate them to act as protectors of Peacocks through mass media, social media, public education and Nature clubs. The State of India’s Birds 2020 Report, suggests that it is important to promote collaborations between public initiatives and researchers. It also suggests that the government should support the monitoring and conservation efforts by citizens and researchers. The report also suggests that there should be a dedicated fund for high concern species so that scientists and researchers can save those birds.
Budget for wildlife Conservation: When the whole or a part of the buffer zone is shared by different mining projects or industrial units and if a Schedule I is reported from that common area and if each one gives his / her own conservation plan, will it be possible to implement it? Mass education to motivate the people and seek their Involvement wildlife conservation is one area where every project proponent can play a role. However, when it comes to really conserving a species in crisis, we need an integrated conservation plan and an authority to enforce and monitor. That is why the State of India’s Birds 2020 Report, suggests that it is important to promote collaborations between public initiatives and researchers. It also suggests that the government should support the monitoring and conservation efforts by citizens and researchers. The report also suggests that there should be a dedicated fund for high concern species so that scientists and researchers can save those birds.
The government may create a wildlife fund for monitoring and conservation of wildlife in crisis and entrust the responsibility of monitoring and conservation to an authority such the Wildlife Department, Indian Institute of Wildlife etc. The PPs may be charged based on a scientific criterion under the Corporate Environmental Responsibility (CER). Pending approval and implementation of such projects, the project proponent offers to spend the following amounts (Table 10) as an interim measure:
Table 10: Activities proposed and budget allocation for Wildlife conservation for 5 years S.No Activity Annual Total 1 Contributions to the Forest and Wildlife Department for 25,000 1,25,000 implementation of conservation plans 2 Awards and rewards for promoting the afforestation 10,000 50,000 programs 3 Mass education and constitution of Eco-clubs 20,000 1,00,000 Grand total allocations for five years 55,000 2,75,000
III: 4 . PP should submit the detailed plan in tabular format (year-wise for life of mine) forafforestation and green belt development in and around the mining lease. The PP should Annexure – D: Ecology & Biodiversity Study submit the number of saplings to be planted, area to be covered under afforestation & greenbelt, location of plantation, target for survival rate and budget earmarked for the afforestation& green belt development. In addition to this PP should show on a surface plan (5-yearinterval for life of mine) of suitable scale the area to be covered under afforestation & greenbelt clearly mentioning the latitude and longitude of the area to be covered during each 5years. The capital and recurring expenditure to be incurred needs to be submitted. Presently in India there are many agencies which are developing forest in short interval of time. Thus, for the plantation activities details of the experts/agencies to be engaged needs to be provided with budgetary provisions.
In accordance with the above, detailed for greenbelt development and afforestation plan is prepared. It may be stated that on account of shortage of overburden and top soil, backfilling is not possible. Hence, there shall be a void at the end of mining. Apart from a greenbelt or the safety area of 7.5 m width around the entire mine lease area where no mining shall be done. An area of over 1.6 Ha of gullies shall be retained. Keeping in view of the practical problems such as the soil supporting capacity, water supply and the need for use of tractors, the space between columns and rows shall be 3x3m. After leaving sufficing gap for approach roads, the final number of trees per hectare is taken as 900. It is impossible to grow 1500 or more trees beyond 4 or 5 years. Such high density is suitable for high density energy plantations and pulpwood plantations which are harvested after 4 or 5 years. The proposed restoration goes beyond what was existing before the plantation. beyond. Implementation of Plan for progressive greenbelt development and afforestation is a real challenge since there is no soil and the mine site in the present form cannot support high density plantations. A list of plants suggested for greenbelt is shown in Table 11. An area of 3.3 Ha shall be brought under plantations at a cost of Rs. 9,00,000. Total number of trees proposed to be grown is 2,700 with a survival rate of about 333. Cost of estimates for restoration and afforestation is given in Table 12. Table 11: List of plants suggested for greenbelt and afforestation in the safe zone. Scientific name Local / Common name Main purpose Acacia auriculiformis Australian wattle Drought resistant and evergreen Albizzia lebbeck Dirisna / Sireesha Multipurpose native tree Azadirachta indica Vepa Multipurpose native tree Bambusa vulgaris Yellow Bamboo Growing well in the mine lease Conocarpus lancifolius Dubai Chettu An exotic but most promising evergreen tree (Fig 2) Dalbergia sissoo Seesam / sissoo Native timber Tree Dendrocalamus strictus Veduru Growing well in the mine lease Ficus racemosa Medi chettu Minor fruit tree. Supports birds Ficus benghalensis Marri chettu Shade and shelter for birds Ficus benjamina Konda Juvvi Can be propagated from cuttings Gmelina arborea Gummadi teku Native timber tree Holoptelea integrifolia Nemali nara Drought resistant forest Tree Lagerstroemia parviflora Chinnangi Ornamental tree Luecaena leucocephala Subabul Fodder legume Mangifera indica Maamidi chettu Fruit tree Melia dubia Malabar neem Fast growing Timber tree Phaseolus trilobatus Pilli pesara Fodder legume for ground cover Annexure – D: Ecology & Biodiversity Study
Phoenix sylvestris Yeetha chettu Multipurpose palm Phyllanthus emblica Vusiri Amla Fruit Pithecellobium dulce Seema Chinta Minor fruit Polyalthia longifolia Ashoka Avenue tree Polyalthia pendula Ashoka Suitable for high density Pongamia pinnata Gaanuga Biodiesel and legume Sapindus emarginatus Kunkudu Soap nut Sesbania aculeata Sesban Green manure Sesbania grandis Avisa Tree fodder Sesbania rostrata Sesban Green manure Spathodia companulata African Tulip Ornamental tree Sterculia urens Adavi baadam Tall tree for top layer Stylosanthes hamata Hamata Fodder legume Syzygium cumini Neredu Fruit tree Tamarindus indica Chinta Tamarind Tectona grandis Teak Best timber tree Terminalia arjuna Tella maddi Timber Tree Ziziphus mauritiana Regu Edible fruits
Conocarous lancifolius growing on waste dump in one of mine leases outside the present mine lease . Endemic to Yemem where it is placed under the vulnerable (VU) category. Extremely resistant to drought, dust, pollution and tolerant to salinity. Thick foliage and low leaf shedding make it the best candidate for thick greenbelt and afforestation. Table 12. Cost of estimates for restoration and afforestation Spacing between columns and rows 3 x 3 m 900 /Ha Line Item Cost Total area Amount Cost of preparation of land: Filling and 75,000 / Ha 3 2,25,000 levelling Water supply / drip / fertilizers / 75,000/ Ha 3 2,25,000 alignment Cost of saplings Including replacement 50 per 3,000 1,50,000 sapling saplings Total cost of Transplantation 50,000 3 1,50,000 (Establishment) Maintenance including gap filling 25,000 3 75,000 Second, third, fourth and fifth year 25,000 3 75,000 maintenance Grand total cost of afforestation 2700 Trees 3Ha 9,00,000
SOIL CONSERVATION
There is only a thin mantle of top soil in some locations while in other areas there is no soil at all. The entire top soil be used for growing fruit trees, gardening, block plantations both in the mine lease area There shall be very little overburden or waste rock and it shall be used for the formation of internal roads and construction of rockfill check dams. The active mine pits are like stone paved surface. At the end, whatever little waste rock is available, it shall be used for building a stonewall around the mine pits; overburden shall be used for back filling Annexure – D: Ecology & Biodiversity Study and the top soil shall be used for covering the surface of back filled areas. Over 90% of the mine shall remain void and it will serve as a water body.
List of books and research reports consulted for secondary data. 1.Aengals, R., Sathish Kumar, V.M., M.J.Palot & S.R Ganesh (2018). Fauna of India Checklist: A checklist of Reptiles of India: Zoological Survey of India file:///C:/Users/profk/Downloads/2018Indianreptileslist1.pdf 2.Checklist of Indian Snakes with English Common names http://www.bio.utexas.edu/grad/sp/pubs/Indian%20Snakes-Checklist.pdf 3. Checklist of Snakes of India 2014 http://indiansnakes.org/sites/default/files/Downloads/Indian_Snakes_Checklist.pdf 4.David Hill, Matthew Fasham, Graham Tucker, Michael Shewary and Philip Shaw (2005) Eds. Handbook of Biodiversity Methods: Survey, Evaluation and Monitoring, by Published by Cambridge University Press. 5.Devi, K.R. &T.J. Indra (2012) Check list of the native freshwater fishes of India, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata 6. Dinesh K.P, C. Radhakrishnan, B.H. Channakeshavamurthy and Nirmal U Kulkarni (2015). A Checklist of Amphibians of India (Updated till January 2015) http://mhadeiresearchcenter.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/Checklist-of-Amphibia-of- India_2015-2_updated.pdf EPTRI: Chapter 4 Biodiversity; Environment Protection Training & Research Institute, Hyderabad 7.Forest Flora of Andhra Pradesh http://www.forests.ap.gov.in/abkp/Forest%20Flora%20of%20Andhra%20Pradesh/files/ff150 5.htm 8.Laxmappa B and Ravinder Rao Bakshi (2016). A checklist of fishes of Telangana State, India. International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies 4(4): 35-42 http://www.fisheriesjournal.com/archives/2016/vol4issue4/PartA/4-3-16-130.pdf 9. Naresh K., J.A. Kumar & C. Venkateshwar (2017) . Species Diversity and Enumeration of Various Plant Species in Medak Telangana State. Res Rev Biosci, Volume: 12( 2) http://www.eptri.com/wp- content/uploads/2018/04/SoERTS%20Chapter%204%20Biodiversity.pdf 10.Prasad, K.K., B. Ramakrishna, C. Srinivasulu & B. Srinivasulu (2014) Avifaunal diversity of Manjeera Wildlife Sanctuary, Andhra Pradesh, India, Jour.Threat. Taxa,6(2):5464–5477. Annexure – D: Ecology & Biodiversity Study
11. Praveen, J., R.Jayapal & P. Asheesh (2016) . Checklist of Birds of India. Indian Birds: 11 (5-6) http://www.indianbirds.in/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/India-Checklist_v1_0.pdf 12. Pullaiah, T., C. Prabhakar & B. Ravi Prasad Rao (1998) Flora of Medak district. Daya Publishing House, Delhi. 13. Reddy R.D & Md Sharfuddin Khan. Forest Flora of Andhra Pradesh http://www.forests.ap.gov.in/abkp/Forest%20Flora%20of%20Andhra%20Pradesh/Flora%20I ndex.htm 14. Sharma, R.K., A.K. Goyal,S. Jyoti & M.B. Sharma (2018). The species in crisis: Varanus bengalensis. Species: 19: 68-71
15.State wise list of Birds of India - ENVIS Centre On Avian Ecology http://www.bnhsenvis.nic.in/Database/Statewise%20list%20of%20Birds%20of%20India_83 3.aspx 16.Wildlife Crime Control Bureau (2011). A Manual on Wildlife species in Trade by Wildlife Crime Control Bureau, Ministry of Environment and Forests, New Delhi
Annexure – E : Demographic Profile of the Study Area
9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone & Road Metal Sand Mine of Sri M. Koteswara Rao DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF THE STUDY AREA (10 km radius)
Total Population 0-6 years aged population SC Population ST Population Name Total/ Number of Total Male Female Sex ratio Total Male Female Total SC% Total ST% Rural households Nawabpet Rural 293 1302 725 577 795.86 112 58 54 77 5.9 0 0.00 Anantharam Rural 265 1290 650 640 984.62 147 74 73 180 14.0 57 4.42 Maisireddipalle Rural 111 450 222 228 1027.03 55 24 31 206 45.8 19 4.22 Konaipalle Rural 93 406 222 184 828.83 49 32 17 56 13.8 0 0.00 Lingapur Rural 129 632 319 313 981.19 104 51 53 0 0.0 595 94.15 Dabirpur Rural 1265 5398 2714 2684 988.95 627 311 316 1316 24.4 75 1.39 Yellampet Rural 635 2422 1216 1206 991.78 314 151 163 276 11.4 60 2.48 Somaram Rural 183 790 404 386 955.45 112 72 40 155 19.6 6 0.76 Bandamadharam Rural 309 1338 678 660 973.45 158 85 73 77 5.8 98 7.32 Srirangavaram Rural 768 3241 1648 1593 966.63 349 191 158 427 13.2 128 3.95 Akbarjapet Rural 84 323 156 167 1070.51 34 19 15 0 0.0 3 0.93 Raj Bollaram Rural 503 2186 1104 1082 980.07 302 156 146 148 6.8 1230 56.27 Ravalkole Rural 1046 4723 2350 2373 1009.79 666 329 337 533 11.3 1324 28.03 Atevelle Rural 704 3535 1873 1662 887.35 421 231 190 862 24.4 73 2.07 Gagilapur (OG) WARD NO.-0153 (Rural MDDS CODE:574073) Rural 945 3727 1946 1781 915.21 470 243 227 558 15.0 226 6.06 Dundigal (CT) Rural 3037 13465 7114 6351 892.75 1625 878 747 1027 7.6 622 4.62 Girmapur Rural 514 2098 1035 1063 1027.05 238 115 123 360 17.2 0 0.00 Railapur Rural 310 1346 680 666 979.41 193 109 84 233 17.3 2 0.15 Goudavelle Rural 1088 4651 2320 2331 1004.74 559 268 291 972 20.9 111 2.39 Seethariguda Rural 286 1127 584 543 929.79 172 76 96 79 7.0 27 2.40 Kistapur Rural 53 234 115 119 1034.78 26 8 18 101 43.2 0 0.00 Pudoor Rural 943 4072 2024 2048 1011.86 531 257 274 595 14.6 28 0.69 Ghanpur Rural 301 1703 756 947 1252.65 165 84 81 188 11.0 52 3.05 Gosaiguda Rural 75 329 166 163 981.93 58 30 28 3 0.9 0 0.00 Dommara 1332 5615 2907 2708 931.54 763 398 365 254 4.5 49 0.87 Pochampalle (OG) WARD NO.-0154 Rural Annexure – E : Demographic Profile of the Study Area
(Rural MDDS CODE:574074) Gundlapochampall e Rural 1936 9009 4895 4114 840.45 997 498 499 1176 13.1 91 1.01 Kandlakoi Rural 717 2802 1437 1365 949.90 329 159 170 649 23.2 85 3.03 Munirabad Rural 467 1790 928 862 928.88 236 118 118 209 11.7 109 6.09 Bahadurpalle (OG) 1195 5051 2582 2469 956.24 723 383 340 578 11.4 256 5.07 WARD NO.-0155 (Rural MDDS CODE:574075) Rural Kucharam Rural 360 1742 886 856 966.14 216 119 97 473 27.2 91 5.22 Kallakal Rural 1612 6482 3323 3159 950.65 851 426 425 982 15.1 212 3.27 Gummadidala Rural 2017 8032 4065 3967 975.89 967 512 455 752 9.4 224 2.79 Domadugu Rural 1062 4183 2164 2019 932.99 526 272 254 560 13.4 44 1.05 Annaram Rural 372 1648 795 853 1072.96 190 89 101 428 26.0 168 10.19 TOTAL Rural 25010 107142 55003 52139 32977.29 13285 6826 6459 14490 505.7882 6065 263.939
Annexure – E : Demographic Profile of the Study Area
LITERACY STATUS (10 km radius)
No. of Literates No. of Illiterates Name Rural Total Male Female Total Male Female Nawabpet Rural 859 584 275 443 141 302 Anantharam Rural 661 397 264 629 253 376 Maisireddipalle Rural 257 151 106 193 71 122 Konaipalle Rural 209 129 80 197 93 104 Lingapur Rural 215 133 82 417 186 231 Dabirpur Rural 3294 1902 1392 2104 812 1292 Yellampet Rural 1448 816 632 974 400 574 Somaram Rural 368 203 165 422 201 221 Bandamadharam Rural 713 419 294 625 259 366 Srirangavaram Rural 1858 1101 757 1383 547 836 Akbarjapet Rural 162 85 77 161 71 90 Raj Bollaram Rural 981 601 380 1205 503 702 Ravalkole Rural 2288 1329 959 2435 1021 1414 Atevelle Rural 2472 1421 1051 1063 452 611 Gagilapur (OG) WARD NO.-0153 (Rural MDDS CODE:574073) Rural 2528 1440 1088 1199 506 693 Dundigal (CT) Rural 9156 5313 3843 4309 1801 2508 Girmapur Rural 1241 697 544 857 338 519 Railapur Rural 789 452 337 557 228 329 Goudavelle Rural 2862 1626 1236 1789 694 1095 Seethariguda Rural 594 351 243 533 233 300 Kistapur Rural 121 69 52 113 46 67 Pudoor Rural 2577 1448 1129 1495 576 919 Ghanpur Rural 1194 537 657 509 219 290 Gosaiguda Rural 156 82 74 173 84 89 Dommara 3411 1946 1465 2204 961 1243 Pochampalle (OG) WARD NO.-0154 (Rural MDDS CODE:574074) Rural Annexure – E : Demographic Profile of the Study Area
Gundlapochampalle Rural 6380 3794 2586 2629 1101 1528 Kandlakoi Rural 1639 921 718 1163 516 647 Munirabad Rural 1037 624 413 753 304 449 Bahadurpalle (OG) 3047 1694 1353 2004 888 1116 WARD NO.-0155 (Rural MDDS CODE:574075) Rural Kucharam Rural 1048 613 435 694 273 421 Kallakal Rural 3821 2227 1594 2661 1096 1565 Gummadidala Rural 4860 2738 2122 3172 1327 1845 Domadugu Rural 2730 1590 1140 1453 574 879 Annaram Rural 746 441 305 902 354 548 TOTAL Rural 65722 37874 27848 41420 17129 24291
Annexure – E : Demographic Profile of the Study Area
OCCUPATIONAL STRUCTURE OF THE STUDY AREA (10 km radius)
Total working population Total non-working population Total main workers Total marginal workers Name Rural Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Nawabpet Rural 541 297 244 761 428 333 423 266 157 118 31 87 Anantharam Rural 691 384 307 599 266 333 657 369 288 34 15 19 Maisireddipalle Rural 227 146 81 223 76 147 223 146 77 4 0 4 Konaipalle Rural 235 122 113 171 100 71 235 122 113 0 0 0 Lingapur Rural 338 177 161 294 142 152 206 160 46 132 17 115 Dabirpur Rural 2249 1521 728 3149 1193 1956 1531 1125 406 718 396 322 Yellampet Rural 1194 738 456 1228 478 750 1161 722 439 33 16 17 Somaram Rural 393 231 162 397 173 224 391 230 161 2 1 1 Bandamadharam Rural 717 413 304 621 265 356 377 242 135 340 171 169 Srirangavaram Rural 1446 947 499 1795 701 1094 1094 765 329 352 182 170 Akbarjapet Rural 159 94 65 164 62 102 159 94 65 0 0 0 Raj Bollaram Rural 945 584 361 1241 520 721 861 554 307 84 30 54 Ravalkole Rural 2188 1301 887 2535 1049 1486 1906 1183 723 282 118 164 Atevelle Rural 1300 957 343 2235 916 1319 1126 867 259 174 90 84 Gagilapur (OG) WARD NO.-0153 (Rural MDDS CODE:574073) Rural 1505 1113 392 2222 833 1389 1257 1038 219 248 75 173 Dundigal (CT) Rural 5654 4225 1429 7811 2889 4922 5147 3993 1154 507 232 275 Girmapur Rural 990 608 382 1108 427 681 969 598 371 21 10 11 Railapur Rural 565 385 180 781 295 486 454 309 145 111 76 35 Goudavelle Rural 1947 1296 651 2704 1024 1680 1643 1163 480 304 133 171 Seethariguda Rural 569 381 188 558 203 355 558 375 183 11 6 5 Kistapur Rural 109 63 46 125 52 73 108 62 46 1 1 0 Pudoor Rural 1645 1118 527 2427 906 1521 1103 813 290 542 305 237 Ghanpur Rural 686 448 238 1017 308 709 672 441 231 14 7 7 Gosaiguda Rural 171 96 75 158 70 88 167 94 73 4 2 2 Dommara 2343 1594 749 3272 1313 1959 1758 1338 420 585 256 329 Pochampalle (OG) WARD NO.-0154 (Rural MDDS CODE:574074) Rural Annexure – E : Demographic Profile of the Study Area
Gundlapochampalle Rural 3359 2308 1051 5650 2587 3063 3048 2158 890 311 150 161 Kandlakoi Rural 1324 873 451 1478 564 914 979 688 291 345 185 160 Munirabad Rural 840 541 299 950 387 563 733 515 218 107 26 81 Bahadurpalle (OG) 1711 1367 344 3340 1215 2125 1655 1331 324 56 36 20 WARD NO.-0155 (Rural MDDS CODE:574075) Rural Kucharam Rural 975 514 461 767 372 395 949 507 442 26 7 19 Kallakal Rural 3068 1987 1081 3414 1336 2078 2360 1653 707 708 334 374 Gummadidala Rural 3771 2432 1339 4261 1633 2628 3610 2388 1222 161 44 117 Domadugu Rural 1600 1243 357 2583 921 1662 1444 1182 262 156 61 95 Annaram Rural 920 441 479 728 354 374 898 430 468 22 11 11 TOTAL Rural 46375 30945 15430 60767 24058 36709 39862 27921 11941 6513 3024 3489
Annexure – E : Demographic Profile of the Study Area
CATEGORY OF WORKERS IN THE STUDY ARA (10 km radius)
Cultivators Agricultural Labors House hold industry workers Other workers Name Rural Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Nawabpet Rural 123 82 41 130 61 69 10 6 4 160 117 43 Anantharam Rural 221 117 104 269 127 142 26 13 13 141 112 29 Maisireddipalle Rural 54 34 20 109 61 48 3 3 0 57 48 9 Konaipalle Rural 82 40 42 146 76 70 0 0 0 7 6 1 Lingapur Rural 41 31 10 30 17 13 2 2 0 133 110 23 Dabirpur Rural 200 149 51 349 194 155 17 15 2 965 767 198 Yellampet Rural 82 45 37 211 83 128 7 3 4 861 591 270 Somaram Rural 60 33 27 288 165 123 0 0 0 43 32 11 Bandamadharam Rural 113 75 38 112 49 63 5 2 3 147 116 31 Srirangavaram Rural 102 83 19 258 123 135 15 11 4 719 548 171 Akbarjapet Rural 20 14 6 96 52 44 0 0 0 43 28 15 Raj Bollaram Rural 154 106 48 247 115 132 27 17 10 433 316 117 Ravalkole Rural 358 259 99 741 327 414 65 53 12 742 544 198 Atevelle Rural 97 79 18 67 39 28 19 15 4 943 734 209 Gagilapur (OG) WARD NO.-0153 (Rural MDDS CODE:574073) Rural 16 15 1 60 44 16 45 34 11 1136 945 191 Dundigal (CT) Rural 382 353 29 944 492 452 328 265 63 3493 2883 610 Girmapur Rural 188 115 73 321 151 170 18 15 3 442 317 125 Railapur Rural 168 110 58 99 41 58 2 1 1 185 157 28 Goudavelle Rural 203 167 36 231 93 138 49 26 23 1160 877 283 Seethariguda Rural 13 9 4 64 30 34 0 0 0 481 336 145 Kistapur Rural 72 37 35 24 15 9 0 0 0 12 10 2 Pudoor Rural 237 184 53 317 182 135 21 12 9 528 435 93 Ghanpur Rural 117 67 50 30 17 13 131 91 40 394 266 128 Gosaiguda Rural 67 39 28 69 27 42 0 0 0 31 28 3 Dommara 100 71 29 310 151 159 91 80 11 1257 1036 221 Pochampalle (OG) WARD NO.-0154 (Rural MDDS CODE:574074) Rural Annexure – E : Demographic Profile of the Study Area
Gundlapochampalle Rural 205 157 48 285 140 145 137 105 32 2421 1756 665 Kandlakoi Rural 28 23 5 125 68 57 21 19 2 805 578 227 Munirabad Rural 96 72 24 179 69 110 20 15 5 438 359 79 Bahadurpalle (OG) 34 27 7 120 82 38 18 18 0 1483 1204 279 WARD NO.-0155 (Rural MDDS CODE:574075) Rural Kucharam Rural 253 189 64 469 201 268 68 19 49 159 98 61 Kallakal Rural 220 170 50 351 189 162 142 103 39 1647 1191 456 Gummadidala Rural 539 374 165 1003 413 590 68 40 28 2000 1561 439 Domadugu Rural 242 152 90 51 27 24 44 36 8 1107 967 140 Annaram Rural 615 283 332 207 95 112 3 0 3 73 52 21 TOTAL Rural 5502 3761 1741 8312 4016 4296 1402 1019 383 24646 19125 5521
Annexure – F: Mean Meteorological Data
9.90 Ha. of Rough Stone & Road Metal Sand Mine of Sri M. Koteswara Rao
MEAN METEOROLOGY (October 2020 to December 2020)
Hour Wind Direction Wind Speed Temperature Stability Class Mixing (m/sec) (oK) Height (M) 1 SE 1.7 290.4 7 1130.0 2 E 0.5 292.0 6 1130.0 3 NEE 0.8 294.8 6 1130.0 4 SE 1.5 296.5 7 1130.0 5 SE 0.9 299.8 6 1130.0 6 SEE 1.2 302.0 6 1130.0 7 E 0.8 303.7 5 96.5 8 NNE 0.8 305.4 4 244.1 9 SSE 2.2 306.2 3 391.3 10 SE 2.8 308.7 2 539.4 11 SE 2.5 306.5 2 687.1 12 SEE 2.2 304.8 2 834.7 13 NE 0.8 302.6 2 982.4 14 SE 2.7 301.5 2 1130.0 15 SE 2.2 399.3 3 1130.0 16 SEE 1.5 298.2 2 1130.0 17 SE 0.9 295.9 3 1130.0 18 SE 1.2 295.4 4 1130.0 19 SE 1.8 294.3 5 1130.0 20 SE 2.2 293.2 5 1130.0 21 SE 2.6 292.6 6 1130.0 22 SEE 2.4 291.5 5 1130.0 23 SEE 1.5 290.5 6 1130.0 24 SEE 2.5 289.8 5 1130.0
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