Initial Environmental Examination Document Stage: Draft Project Number: 49107-006 October 2018 IND: West Bengal Drinking Water Sector Improvement Program: Water Supply Distribution System for Taldangra Block (Bankura District) [Package WW/BK/02B] Prepared by Public Health Engineering Department, Government of West Bengal for the Asian Development Bank. ABBREVIATIONS ADB – Asian Development Bank CPCB – Central Pollution Control Board CTE – consent to establish CTO – consent to operate DSISC design, supervision and institutional support consultant EAC – Expert Appraisal Committee EHS – Environmental, Health and Safety EIA – Environmental Impact Assessment EMP – Environmental Management Plan GRC – grievance redress committee GRM – grievance redress mechanism GOI – Government of India GoWB – Government of West Bengal HSGO – Head, Safeguards and Gender Officer IBPS – Intermediate Booster Pumping Station IEE – Initial Environmental Examination IWD – Irrigation and Waterways Department MoEF&CC – Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change WBPCB – West Bengal Pollution Control Board NOC – No Objection Certificate PHED – Public Health Engineering Department PIU – Project Implementation Unit PMC – Project Management Consultant PMU – Project Management Unit PWSS - Pied Water Supply Scheme PPTA – Project Preparatory Technical Assistance REA – Rapid Environmental Assessment ROW – right of way SPS – Safeguard Policy Statement WHO – World Health Organization WTP – water treatment plant WBDWSIP – West Bengal Drinking Water Sector Improvement Project WEIGHTS AND MEASURES m3/hr cubic meter per hour dBA decibel °C degree Celsius ha hectare km kilometre lpcd liters per capita per day m meter mbgl meters below ground level mgd million gallons per day MLD million liters per day mm millimeter km2 square kilometer NOTES In this report, "$" refers to United States dollars. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 17 August, 2018) Currency unit = Rupee (INR) INR 1.00 = 0.014 USD USD 1.00 = 69.80 INR This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. CONTENTS Page EXECUTIVE SUMMARY i - v I. INTRODUCTION 1 A. Background 1 B. Purpose of the Initial Environmental Examination Report 4 C. Report Structure 4 II. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 5 A. Project Area 5 B. Existing Water Supply Situation 6 C. Proposed Project 7 D. Implementation Schedule III. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK 16 A. ADB Policy 16 B. National Environmental Laws 17 C. Other Permission from Statutory Authorities 20 IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 22 A. Methodology Used for Baseline Study 22 B. Physical Resources 22 C. Ecological Resources 39 D. Socio Economic Development 49 E. History, Culture and Tourism 50 F. Subproject Site Environmental Features 53 V. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 53 A. Pre-Construction Impacts – Design and Location 61 B. Construction Impacts 63 C. Operation and Maintenance Impacts 72 VI. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE 74 A. Overview 74 B. Public Consultation 74 C. Information Disclosure 75 VII. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM 75 A. Project Specific Grievance Redress Mechanism 76 VIII. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 80 A. Environmental Management Plan 78 B. Implementation Arrangements 99 C. Capacity Building and Training 101 D. Monitoring and Reporting 101 E. Environmental Management Plan Implementation Cost 103 IX. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 105 List of Tables Page Table 1:Severity of Blocks Affected by Fluoride Contamination 3 Table 2: Groundwater Potential of Blocks in Bankura 3 Table 3: Administrative Division of Bankura 5 Table 4: Details of Project Area and Gram Panchayets Table 5: Proposed Subproject Component under Package WW/BK/02B 7 Table 6: Location wise Proposed Overhead Reservoirs with Assessed Capacities 8 Table 7: Transmission Mains Network Details 9 Table 8a : Details of Distribution Network under Package WW/BK/02 10 Table 8b : Roads wise Laying of Distribution Network 11 Table 9: Applicable Environmental Regulations 17 Table 10 : Clearances and permissions required for Construction activities 20 Table 11: WHO Ambient Air Quality Guidelines 21 Table 12: World Bank Group’s Environment, Health and Safety Noise Level 21 Table 13: Administrative Divisions of Bankura District 23 Table 14: Block-Wise Profile of the Project Area 23 Table 15: Details of Major Roads in Bankura District 24 Table 16: Roads Maintained by Different Agencies in the Indpur and Taldangra Blocks 24 Table 17: Rainfall Data Recorded in Various Metrological Stations 28 Table 18:Surface Water Quality of Mukutmonipur Reservoir 32 Table 19: Compiled Summary of Fluoride Contamination in Bankura, 2013-2017 37 Table 20: Summary of Water Quality Parameters 38 Table 21 Air Quality in Respect of Four Traditional Parameters in Bankura District and Yearly Days of Non-Compliance 39 Table 22: Common Plants at Project Sites 40 Table 23: List of Macrophytes In and Around Intake of the Mukutmonipur Reservoir 41 Table 24: Land Use Characteristics of Bankura District 43 Table 25: Land Use Characteristics of Taldangra Block 44 Table 26: Demographic Characteristics 49 Table 27: Site Environmental Features 53 Table 28: Design Stage Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 80 Table 29: Pre-Construction Stage Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures Error! 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Table 30: Construction Stage Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 87 Table 31: Operation Stage Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 96 Table 32: Construction Stage Environmental Monitoring Plan 97 Table 33: Operation Stage Environmental Monitoring Plan Table 34: Outline Capacity Building Program on Environmental Management Plan Implementation Table 35: Cost Estimates to Implement the Environmental Management Plan 103 4 List of Figures Page Figure 1: Proposed Subproject Components and Secondary Transmission Main Alignment 12 Figure 2: Google Earth Image showing the GLSR and OHR Locations 13 Figure 3: Google Earth Image showing the Transmission Mains 14 Figure 4: Google Earth Image showing the Distribution Network 15 Figure 5 : Year wise Monthly Rainfall data of Taldangra Block 29 Figure 6: Yearly Rainfall of Taldangra Block 29 Figure 7 : Damodar River Basin 30 Figure 8: Hydrograph of Taldangra Block 34 Figure 9: Pre Monsoon water level trend of Taldangra Block 35 Figure 10: Post Monsoon water level trend of Taldangra Block 36 Figure 11: Trend of PM10 in Bankura during 2016 39 Figure 12: Grievance Redress Mechanism 78 List of Appendices Appendix 1: Rapid Environmental Assessment Checklist Error! Bookmark not defined. Appendix 2: Ambient Air Quality Standards for ADB funded projects in India 112 Appendix 2A: Emission limits for New DG sets up to 800 KW 115 Appendix 2B: Stake Height Requirement of DG sets 116 Appendix 3: Vehicle Exhaust Emission NormsError! Bookmark not defined.Appendix 4: Ambient Noise Level Standards for ADB funded projects in India 118 Appendix 5: Noise Limits for DG Set 119 Appendix 6: Drinking Water Standards 121 Appendix 7: Surface Water Quality Classification Criteria 122 Appendix 8: Compliance with Environmental Criteria for Subproject Selection 123 Appendix 9 : Department of Environment’s Direction Under Air Act, 1981 for Control of Air 124 Pollution From Construction Activities In West Bengal Appendix 10: Salient Features of Major Labor Laws Applicable to Establishments Engaged 126 In Construction of Civil Works Appendix 11: Extract from Construction and Demolition Management Rules, 2016 Error! Bookmark not defined.128 Appendix12 : Summary of Public Consultation 134 Appendix 13: Some Photographs of Stakeholder Consultations 140 Appendix 14: Sample Grievance Registration Form 141 Appendix 15: Sample Outline Spoils (Construction Waste) Management Plan 142 Appendix 16: Sample Outline Traffic Management Plan Error! Bookmark not defined. Appendix 17: Sample Monthly Reporting Format for Assistant Safeguards Officer/Assistant 155 Construction Manager Appendix 18: Sample Environmental Site Inspection Report 160 Appendix 19: Sample Grievance Registration Form 161 Appendix 20: Sample Semi-Annual Environmental Monitoring Report Template 162 Appendix 21: Guidelines for Safety during Monsoon/Heavy Rainfall 168 i EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1. The proposed West Bengal Drinking Water Improvement Project (WBDWIP) aims to provide safe, reliable and continuous drinking water as per Government of India’s (GOI) standard to about 2.6 million people in the arsenic, fluoride, and salinity affected selected areas of North 24 Parganas, South 24 Parganas, East Medinipur and Bankura districts of West Bengal. 2. The project will adopt a sector approach, and subprojects will be selected and proposed for funding adhering to the agreed Subproject Selection Criteria (SSC). Project districts are North 24 Parganas (with two blocks of South 24 Parganas included for distribution network), Bankura and East Medinipur, and subprojects to be covered under the Project will be within these districts only unless otherwise agreed with ADB. Subprojects proposed under the Project stem from a district-wide comprehensive water quality