10Th Grade ENGLISH 5Th Period Miss Moorcroft Name

10th Grade ENGLISH 5th Period

Miss Moorcroft

Name:

10th Grade Week May 11th-15th

Work is Due the following week

TO DO LIST:

1. Read Commonlit assignment. “Human or a Machine” You can log into your Commonlit account and complete the work on there. Or read the PDF below and answer through a handwritten response on a separate sheet of paper, or type into a Google Doc.

2. Email finished work to my email [email protected] through GoogleDocs,

Pictures, or send me an email and we can discuss your answers over the phone. Packets/ physical worksheet copies- We are working on a process of how to collect them each week.

Announcement: I have set up a Google Classroom for 10th Grade English. Your invitation for access to the Google Classroom was sent to your student Emails. If you have access to the internet this is an easier way to complete and submit your Assignments.

Commonlit website is https://www.commonlit.org/en Class Code is To add more students to your class, have them create an account at https://www.commonlit.org/en/enroll. There, they will enter this class code. Students and Co-Teachers who already have accounts can add this code from their My Account and Classes page, or Manage Classes page, respectively. 897QNB

Name: Class:

Human or Machine? A.I. Experts Reportedly Pass The 'Turing Test' By Scott Neuman 2014

The following article is a production of National Public Radio (NPR) and reports on a computer program that passed the Turing Test, a test to see if a computer can trick a person into believing that the computer is a person too. Eugene, the computer program in this article, succeeded in passing. As you read, take notes on the central ideas of the article and the implications that this development could have potentially on the future.

[1] A computer program masquerading as a 13-year- old Ukrainian boy has reached a technological and philosophical threshold by passing the so- called Turing Test: it fooled a third of its human interlocutors into believing they were conversing with a real person instead of a machine.

The test, first proposed by British computer pioneer Alan Turing1 in 1950, is “an experiment that focuses on whether people can tell whether they are communicating with a person or a machine. If the machine is able to fool people into thinking it’s human during a series of text conversations, it’s considered to have passed the

test,” according to PCWorld. "Alan Turing - born 100 years ago, 23 June 1912" by parameter_bond is in the public domain. The program, called Eugene, was developed in Russia by Vladimir Veselov and Eugene Demchenko. While it’s no HAL 9000,2 Eugene managed to convince a third of its human testers that a live 13-year-old boy named Eugene Goostman was behind the keyboard. The results were independently verified by the University of Reading in the U.K.

It’s not the first time that programmers have claimed to pass the Turing Test, but as The Independent notes, “Though other programmes have claimed successes, those included set topics or questions in advance.”

[5] By contrast, this program fielded a wide range of queries,3 but since Eugene purports to be a teenager, “he can claim that he knows anything, but his age also makes it perfectly reasonable that he doesn’t know everything,” Veselov says. “We spent a lot of time developing a character with a believable personality.”

1. Alan Turing 1912-1954 was a British pioneering computer scientist, mathematician, and cryptanalyst. He is considered to be the father of theoretical computer science and artificial intelligence. 2. Hal 9000 is the main antagonist in the film 2001: A Space Odyssey. HAL is a computer with artificial intelligence that controls the systems of the spacecraft and interacts with the astronaut crew. 3. Query (noun): a question 1 The real key is something called the “dialog controller,” CNET writes, quoting Veselov as saying the team had improved it this year “[making] the conversation far more human-like when compared to programs that just answer questions. Going forward we plan to make Eugene smarter and continue working on improving what we refer to as ‘conversation logic.’”

Kevin Warwick, a visiting professor at the University of Reading, said when it comes to the field of Artificial Intelligence, “there is no more iconic and controversial milestone than the Turing Test, when a computer convinces a sufficient number of interrogators into believing that it is not a machine but rather is a human.”

“Some will claim that the Test has already been passed. The words Turing Test have been applied to similar competitions around the world,” Warwick says. “However this event involved the most simultaneous comparison tests than ever before, was independently verified and, crucially, the conversations were unrestricted. A true Turing Test does not set the questions or topics prior to the conversations. We are therefore proud to declare that Alan Turing’s Test was passed for the first time on Saturday.”

In a statement, Warwick says the protocol for testing Eugene involved:

• Simultaneous tests as specified by Alan Turing • Each judge was involved in five parallel tests – so 10 conversations • 30 judges took part • In total 300 conversations • In each five minutes a judge was communicating with both a human and a machine • Each of the five machines took part in 30 tests • To ensure accuracy of results, Test was independently adjudicated by Professor John Barnden, University of Birmingham, formerly head of British AI Society

[10] A version of Eugene, first created in 2001, can be found online, although the server seems to be a bit overloaded at the time of posting. Time magazine did an interview with Eugene, which is also online.

Turing, who was instrumental in breaking the Enigma code, Germany’s World War II military cipher,4 was convicted of homosexuality5 in 1952. He committed suicide two years later after swallowing cyanide.

4. Cipher (noun): a secret or disguised way of writing; a code 5. During this time, and even today in certain parts of the world, homosexuality was considered illegal and indecent in the eyes of the law. 2 Text-Dependent Questions

Directions: For the following questions, choose the best answer or respond in complete sentences.

1. Which of the following best describes a central idea of the article? [RI.2] A. Eugene is the first step towards artificial intelligence. B. The success of Eugene officially passing the Turing Test marks a technological triumph in history, as well as the beginning of a new era in science and philosophy. C. The success of Eugene challenges the philosophical idea of the self and of consciousness. D. Alan Turing’s legacy in the field of technology and AI culminates in the success of Eugene.

2. PART A: What does the term “interlocutor” most closely mean as used in paragraph 1? [RI.4] A. One who is gullible and easily tricked B. One who takes part in a conversation C. One who pretends to be something they are not D. One who exceeds limits or expectations

3. PART B: Which phrase from the text best supports the answer to Part A? [RI.1] A. “masquerading” B. “technological and philosophical threshold” C. “fooled” D. “conversing”

4. Which of the following best summarizes the advantage(s) of the program’s teen [RI.3] persona? A. Eugene’s odd speech patterns may resemble that of an inexperienced teenager. B. Poor manners in conversation can be explained as those befitting a teenager. C. Eugene can claim to know everything but still not know everything, a behavior which may fit better as a teenager, thus making him/it more believably human. D. With this teenage persona, Eugene has a greater license to fault and thus makes him more approachable to the human judges.

3 5. In the past, others have claimed to have passed the Turing Test. Compare these [RI.6] previous tests versus the one Eugene passed, and explain what this distinction contributes to the overall purpose or message of the text.

4 Discussion Questions

Directions: Brainstorm your answers to the following questions in the space provided. Be prepared to share your original ideas in a class discussion.

1. What makes you who you are? Is it consciousness? If consciousness can be created in computers, how does that affect your perspective on your identity/self? Cite evidence from this text, your own experience, and other literature, art, or history in your answer.

2. What are the costs and benefits of technology? Consider the possibilities of artificial intelligence and what it might take to achieve that level of advancement. Cite evidence from this text, your own experience, and other literature, art, or history in your answer.

3. What should the future look like? Is artificial intelligence a probable reality or an unreachable element of science fiction? Cite evidence from this text, your own experience, and other literature, art, or history in your answer.