A Teacher's Guide Tc Folksinging: a Minielective for Students in Grades 9, 10,11, and 12
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DCCUMENT RESUME ED 033 565 TE 499 905 TITLE A Teacher's Guide tc Folksinging: A MiniElective for Students in Grades 9, 10,11, and 12. INSTITUTICN New York State Education rept., Albany. Eureau cf Seccndary Curriculum Development. Pub Date [ 69] Note 45p. EDES Price EERS Price MF$0.21-: HC Not Available from EEFS. Descriptors American Culture, Cultural Factors, *Folk Culture, Folk Drama, Folklcre Fooks, Instructicnal Materials, Legends, Music, *Musical Instruments, Music Appreciation, *Music Educaticn, Seccndary Education, *Singing, *Teaching Guides Abstract To help meet the needs of ncnmusicmajor students in grade S,10,11, and 12, this teacher's guide offers guidelines fcr a ccurse to stimulate students' interest and involvement in fclksinging. Guidelines are prcvided cn the rcle cf the teacher, methods cf instructicn, and suggested time allctments. Brief descripticns and ccmments on some typical folk instrumentE--the autoharp, banjo, dulcimer, guitar, and zither--are given. A tiblicgraphy of multimedia resource materials - -hocks and Fericdicals, audiotaFes, films, filmstrip and record sets, and records--is included, with annotations for many cf the items listed. An appendix lists other types of music Productions, e.g., symphcnies and musicals, that inccrEcrate cr are based cn fclk scngs. [Not available in hard ccry due to marginal legibility of original document.] (IH) N.S. alfalfa atOFFIT1 ilia111.tatEATION OF EDUCATION iWILIAM /14 7e4doeit'a111S011nesPOSITIONSTAIDSOCORRO' BO9ceeete 01011/11110011NOT MICR. LAS RUMMY IEEN Ol1i1N11N16 REPROINICES MIRE OFFICIAL R. Malt MINIS OffICE AS OFRECEIVED VIEWOf toEDUCATION 01 PION OPINIONS 1111 7diedia94, Ore.Ma meaz-deetifieOttdrealear4 rdeted9.10. /1. amee BureauTHEThe STATE ofUniversity SecondaryAlbany, EDUCATION Newof theCurriculum York State 12224DEPARTMENTofDevelopment NewYork A Teacher's Guideto Folksinging is the second FOREWORDin Recordwhoanschools averagemight Collecting, in otherwise schoolNew York setting.and haveStateContemporarylittletoOther meet or publications theno Music. opportunityneeds of(At innonmusic thisthefor seriespoint,active amajors series includetheparticipation -of titlesthose curriculum Teaching studentsare intentative.) materialsthemusic in Guitar, gradesbeyonddesigned Hi-Fi9, the 10, 8thEquipment 11,to grade, helpanJ 12theandin perience.asleads one The tobegins aimportance seriousThe to guidelines understandmisjudgment of folk in the musicthis ofnature publicationthein humandepth,of folkaffairs subtlety,are music, thereforehas participationlongand estheticintendedbeen recognized, impactinto itstimulate becomesof but folk its amusic richtechnical asand anrewarding artsimplicity form. human However,oftenex- studentscourseThe of reflectgains study to whichnot be onlyderived offersthe fromanemotional opportunity a course forces in for folksingingand studentsvalues toofare becomethe intangible; individual,involved but in butthe this alsothoughtsthe important thosedevelopment assimilatedof musicalhis of amedium. bylocal the perform.whoofpeople, minorityplay andsuchFolksinging hisgroups instruments culture. as mightimportantasIn therefore theaddition, partsguitar, ofbecome the the folksinging banjo,acommon logical theculture sequelexperienceautoharp, of toAmerica. a canorcourse thelead mountain And ofto instructionitan can appreciationdulcimer also inoffer anfolk opportunityofthose guitar.thehome, studentstraditions histo wideanythe case,programneeds,The guidelinesthe andand folksinging explorestherefore offeredlocalstimulateon asthe well following theas development ethnic, pages national,areof aloosely unit and of structured,international study which inmeets ordertraditions localto give andrather schoolsmaterials. than thestate- feelIn of . Daily, for an 8- toexperience might beoffered: . Two or three timesa 10-weekweek, for period; a semester; .. As ana full-yearindependentcourse, elective; in expanded form; . As one segment ofa year-long course; . As a mini-elective tobe chosen in combinationwith any or all of the otherunits in the series;or Theregulations amount. In of ain varietycredit the State toof beothergrantedways. to thosestudents who participate in theprogram will be governed by the 1 Education Department'sSyllabus in Music, Grades7 to 12. publicThe school manuscript music teacher.for this publicationA. Theodore wasTellstrom, written Chiefby Bob of Beers, the Bureau internationallyof Music Education,known folksinger initiatedand and former forwitheditionQuatraro,supervised secondary the for suggestions and thepress. schools.Charles entire After ofJ.project teachersTrupia. a trial- with whoperiodRita havemajor A. in Sator,actually assistanceselected Associateused school from it, inhisandsystems, Secondary threepublished Associates,the Curriculum, manuscriptas part Eugeneof willpreparedthe J. benew Cunningham, revisedsyllabusthe tentative in in Johnaccordance musicA. Chief,Gordon BureauE. Van ofHooft Secondary DevelopmentDirector,William E. Curriculum YoungCenter Curriculum Development ii CONTENTS INTRODUCTION:FOREWORD PHILOSOPHY AND RATIONALE INSTRUCTIONALTHE ROLE OFGUIDELINES THE TEACHER 441 ASUGGESTED METHOD OR TIME PROCEDURE ALLOTMENT, 125 SOME THECOMMENTS AUTOHARP CONCERNING EQUIPMENT 13 THE GUITARDULCIMERBANJO 1413 A REPRESENTATIVEBOOKSTHE ZITHER AND PERIODICALS SAMPLING OF MULTIMEDIA RESOURCEMATERIALS. 1615 FILMSTRIPFILMSAUDIOTAPES AND RECORD SETS 232116 RECORDSCollectionsLPs of Individual and LPs Singers of Groups, Singing FolkSongs 24 APPENDIXSUPPLEMENTARY ITEMS - Not ReviewedSinging Folk Songs 424035 ZZZ MUSICAL COMPOSITIONSBASED ON OR INCLUDING FOLKSONGS 42 SymphonicDrama,Ballet Musicals, Music andOpera 4342 iv INTRODUCTION: PHILOSOPHY AND RATICNLE folkway";thesedevelop. Folksingingbecame forThe anitcommonfolk important representsis a traditional, ofpart "aa countrymodeof their oralof orthinking, characteristic art.regionThe often feeling,word transmitted"folk"culture. or actingmeansA their folk[whichpeople; songtraditions is] andis thereforewhere through peoplea song kindare, andof traditions "musicalstory, and mentsocial onIn group." conditionsearlier times, and eventsfolksinging of local provided and/or not national onlya meanssignificance, of entertainment, a medium forbutcommon thealso expressionto ana peopleopportunity ofor personalto fora com- ofandthoughts the moresRecent human orof years feelings,c,:nditionspecific have groupsandseen- as a a wellsourceand theas of thevarious inspiration. particularsocial, singer'sAs political, a result, point economic, authenticof view. religious,folksongsand reflect psychological both the aspectsvalues partscholarlyastivity guest of isreligious performers,academicfirmly establishedservices. institutions; and programsToonresurgence younghighin which private schooland feature ofold andhomes,interest alike, folksingingcollege clubs, itin campuses;folkseems and have artplacesto offer:andprimeas aoffolk curriculum timepublic music. on radioentertainment;offeringFolksingers and television. even andappear in as the anfrequently The mostintegral ac- . Something genuine and real, inan increasingly artificial, unreal, almost surrealisticworld; .. Roots,Simplicity, in times in timesof mobility; of complexity; . Pride of heritage, in times of cPallenge; . An opportunity for individualexpression, in times of mass labeling; and But folksinging. A means isof deservingcommunication of respectandshared as an understanding, art form alone in -times for itsof isolationlimitless varietyand segregation. of expression, for its Bigviveability Bill centuriesThe to Broonzy,varied involve of talents Ronunwritten, and Eliran, inspire, and approachesunrecorded andforof transmission.those such qualitiesfolksong artistswhich have as Joanenabled Baez,itsHarry early Belafonte, songs and Theodoreballads toBikel,sur- SinceoccupationalmusicBernice theto Reagon, includeInternational work Jean traditionalsongs, Ritchie, Folk spirituals, Musicballads,WoodyPete CouncilSeeger,Guthrie,ethnicWestern apparently and songs,Lightnin' ballads, Josh folk White definesHopkins, mountainblues have theand broadenedLeadbelly,and traditional"Black" bluegrass themusic,Ewan conventionalfolksongs, MacColl,protest song sea as songs,chanteys Mariamparameters"music and Makeba,andthat folk ofsimilar has folkrock.Odetta, been submittA to theprocess of oral transmission: ...the product of evolution...dependent upon thecircumstances of continuity,. They originate variation, andandare selection,transmitted oral/7';all of theseare legitimate inclusionsso long as: . There are variationsof the samesongs, both in lyrics and inmelody; and Thus, .authenticThey "belong" folk songsto the can"folk," and should or a begroup of people. Art songs- which(usually are copyrighted),the workof knownanddistinguished whichcomposers, exist from:inwhich are composed andcirculated in writtenform . Popular songs- whichshow littleare also ifanycomposed variation and circulatedin wordsoronein music, versionwritten and only;form which (usually remaincopyrighted), which _Country, Western,limited or "h1::1h.11:y" time; andsongs- whichfolkgenerally songs. are essentiallylack thesimpleother dignity forms andof populareloquencepopularsongs offor genuine anda relatively which musicalservedOver"definition"; 40,000 inclassics The pieces Archiveandtheseof ofrecorded haveAmerican been American FolkconsideredSongfolk in somusic thefundamental Libraryseem to offulfillto Congress. the thehistory standardsSome of ofa peoplethemsuggested form that bythey thehaveIFMC beenpre- thePorgyinand the