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Loughs Carra, Mask and Corrib; Resources, Borders and Passageways
Loughs Carra, Mask and Corrib; resources, borders and passageways A National Heritage Week 2020 Project by the Joyce Country and Western Lakes Heritage Network Introduction: Loughs Carra, Mask and Corrib are all connected with all their waters draining into the Atlantic Ocean. Their origins lie in the surrounding bedrock and the moving ice that dominated the Irish landscape. Today they are landscape icons, angling paradise and drinking water reservoirs but they have also shaped the communities on their shores. This project, the first of the Joyce Country and Western Lakes Heritage Network, explores the relationships that the people from the local towns and villages have had with these lakes, how they were perceived, how they were used and how they have been embedded in their history. The project consists of a series of short articles on various subjects that were composed by heritage officers of the local community councils and members of the local historical societies. They will dwell on the geological origin of the lakes, evidence of the first people living on their shores, local traditions and historical events and the inspiration that they offered to artists over the years. These articles are collated in this document for online publication on the Joyce Country and Western Lakes Geopark Project website (www.joycecountrygeoparkproject.ie) as well as on the website of the various heritage societies and initiatives of the local communities. Individual articles – some bilingual as a large part of the area is in the Gaeltacht – will be shared over social media on a daily basis for the duration of National Heritage Week. -
Agricultural Drainage Practices in Ireland
Agricultural Drainage Practices in Ireland "1". D. Ryan ments by developing main channels, and field drainage of An Foras Taluntais smaller parcels of land using pipes and open trenches. The Creagh, Ballinrobe, Co. Mayo use of cost/benefit analysis on the arterial drainage program Ireland is considered and the inherent errors are discussed, Conser- vation of the environment is described as it applies to land- scaping, fisheries, and wildlife, and the drainage authorities ABSTRACT/Agricultural drainage practices are reviewed are shown to have an enlightened attitude to proper preser- under two main headings: arterial drainage of river catch- vation of the world around us. Introduction vened and much of the work done then and later was Ireland is basically saucer-shaped, with a rim of relief work. The Drainage Act of 1863 transferred re- mountains and a flat central lowland. Rivers rising in- sponsibility for design and execution of schemes to the land must circumvent the mountains to reach the sea. owners of affected lands, the t\mction of the OPW Most of the rivers in Ireland do not flow directly to being to examine the merits of proposals, to consider the sea. For example the Shannon rises near Lough objections to schemes, and to advance the money re- Allen, 30 km from the coast but flows south and west quired. Further drainage acts were passed in 1925, 240 km to reach its tidal estuary. Likewise, the river 1926, and 1927. During all this time, 229 schemes Slaney rises west of Wicklow Mountains 30 km from were completed benefiting 198,000 ha, Most of these the sea, but travels 90 km to its' outfall at Wexford. -
Irish Wildlife Manuals No. 103, the Irish Bat Monitoring Programme
N A T I O N A L P A R K S A N D W I L D L I F E S ERVICE THE IRISH BAT MONITORING PROGRAMME 2015-2017 Tina Aughney, Niamh Roche and Steve Langton I R I S H W I L D L I F E M ANUAL S 103 Front cover, small photographs from top row: Coastal heath, Howth Head, Co. Dublin, Maurice Eakin; Red Squirrel Sciurus vulgaris, Eddie Dunne, NPWS Image Library; Marsh Fritillary Euphydryas aurinia, Brian Nelson; Puffin Fratercula arctica, Mike Brown, NPWS Image Library; Long Range and Upper Lake, Killarney National Park, NPWS Image Library; Limestone pavement, Bricklieve Mountains, Co. Sligo, Andy Bleasdale; Meadow Saffron Colchicum autumnale, Lorcan Scott; Barn Owl Tyto alba, Mike Brown, NPWS Image Library; A deep water fly trap anemone Phelliactis sp., Yvonne Leahy; Violet Crystalwort Riccia huebeneriana, Robert Thompson. Main photograph: Soprano Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pygmaeus, Tina Aughney. The Irish Bat Monitoring Programme 2015-2017 Tina Aughney, Niamh Roche and Steve Langton Keywords: Bats, Monitoring, Indicators, Population trends, Survey methods. Citation: Aughney, T., Roche, N. & Langton, S. (2018) The Irish Bat Monitoring Programme 2015-2017. Irish Wildlife Manuals, No. 103. National Parks and Wildlife Service, Department of Culture Heritage and the Gaeltacht, Ireland The NPWS Project Officer for this report was: Dr Ferdia Marnell; [email protected] Irish Wildlife Manuals Series Editors: David Tierney, Brian Nelson & Áine O Connor ISSN 1393 – 6670 An tSeirbhís Páirceanna Náisiúnta agus Fiadhúlra 2018 National Parks and Wildlife Service 2018 An Roinn Cultúir, Oidhreachta agus Gaeltachta, 90 Sráid an Rí Thuaidh, Margadh na Feirme, Baile Átha Cliath 7, D07N7CV Department of Culture, Heritage and the Gaeltacht, 90 North King Street, Smithfield, Dublin 7, D07 N7CV Contents Contents ................................................................................................................................................................ -
Ireland Under the Normans Goddard Henry Orpen
The Sub-Infeudation Of Connaught 1237 And Afterwards Ireland Under The Normans 1169-1216 By Goddard Henry Orpen LATE SCHOLAR OF TRINITY COLLEGE,DUBLIN EDITOR OF 'THE SONG OF DERMOT AND THE EARL ' MEMBER OF THE ROYAL IRISH ACADEMY 1911 Richard de Burgh had now a free hand in Connaught, and though sundry attempts at occupation had been made at various times since the beginning of the century, the effective settlement of Anglo- Normans in the province may be said to have commenced in 1237. In that year, says the Irish annalist, ‘ the barons of Erin came and commenced to build castles in it’. In the following year ‘ castles were erected in Muinter Murchada (the northern half of the barony of Clare, County Galway), Conmaicne Cuile (the barony of Kilmaine, south of the river Robe, County Mayo), and in Cera (the barony of Carra, County Mayo) by the aforesaid barons’. [1] Save for personal quarrels among the O’Conors themselves the peace was unbroken. Unfortunately there is no contemporary summary of Richard de Burgh’s enfeoffments, such as the Song of Dermot gives of those of Strongbow and the elder Hugh de Lacy, and though there trans- cripts in the ‘ Red Book of the Earl of Kildare’ and in the ‘ Gormanston Register’ of several charters of this period, we are largely dependent on indications in the annals, and on inferences from later documents and records for our knowledge of the Anglo-Norman settlement in Connaught. Indeed the first comprehensive account is to be gleaned from the Inquisitions taken in 1333 [2] after the murder of William de Burgh, Earl of Ulster, fifteen years after the great disruption caused by the Scottish invasion under Edward Bruce, and at a time when the royal power in Ireland had begun to wax faint. -
Download Through OPW’S Social Text Web Page and Include the Following;
Environmental River Enhancement Programme 2008 – 2012 Final Report May 2013 Inland Fisheries Ireland Inland Fisheries Ireland i Inland Fisheries Ireland Acknowledgments The assistance and support of OPW staff, of all grades, from each of the three Drainage Maintenance Regions is gratefully appreciated. The support provided by regional IFI officers, in respect of site inspections and follow up visits and assistance with electrofishing surveys is also acknowledged. Overland access was kindly provided by landowners in a range of channels and across a range of OPW drainage schemes. Project Personnel Members of the EREP team include: Dr. Martin O’Grady Dr. James King Dr. Karen Delanty Brian Coghlan Rossa O’Briain Michelle O’Regan The report includes Ordnance Survey Ireland data reproduced under OSi Copyright Permit No. MP 007508. Unauthorised reproduction infringes Ordnance Survey Ireland and Government of Ireland copyright. © Ordnance Survey Ireland, 2012. ii Inland Fisheries Ireland iii Inland Fisheries Ireland Table of Contents .............................................................................................................................................. i Acknowledgments ..................................................................................................................... i Table of Contents .................................................................................................................... iv 1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... -
Cave Notes: County Mayo, Ireland
Proc. Univ. Bristol Spelaeol. Soc., 2014, 26 (2), 185-200 CAVE NOTES: COUNTY MAYO, IRELAND by JACOB PODESTA ABSTRACT Following the 2012 visit, when wet conditions rendered many of the caves inaccessible or dangerous (Hadfield, 2013), a UBSS team visited Co. Mayo again, focusing mainly on the area in and around Cong. The caves visited are described, and new surveys are presented. INTRODUCTION It has been decided to release an updated and extended edition of the book, The Caves of County Clare and South Galway (Mullan, 2003), with additional sections on the caves of the north of Galway and of Co. Mayo in time for the Society’s centenary in 2019. The majority of the new sites are in the Cong area and two visits have so far been conducted by members of the Society, with further visits planned. The notes from the second of these trips are presented below, along with information on Quealy’s Cave, kindly provided by Tony Boycott and Pat Cronin. By linking this work with other information on the caves around Cong it is hoped that a more comprehensive overview of the region can be produced, allowing future efforts to be better directed. Complete surveys have been produced of Wolves’ Hole, Priest’s Hole, Lady’s Buttery, Horse Discovery and Bunnadober Lake Cave. With the exception of Priest’s Hole, which has no accessible water and no diving potential, all these caves have been surveyed up to the start of the diving lines in the hope being that survey data collected for the dry sections of caves can ultimately be linked with data from surveys of the dived sections. -
Annotated List of the Birds of Lough Carra
ANNOTATED LIST OF THE BIRDS OF LOUGH CARRA Last updated June 2012 This list includes all species for which we have found records, together with those from our own observations since 2000. We have compared the recent records with those of Ruttledge (1929) in order to give some indication of changes that have occurred over around eighty years. These changes are often a result of changing agricultural practices and land use patterns. If a species appears to have the same status as reported by Ruttledge, no comparison is made. The list includes 138 species, of which at least 83 have been recorded as breeding on or near the lake. Great northern diver Seen occasionally during winter months (e.g. IWeBS counts in 2002 and 2010); Ruttledge noted that it occurred on Lough Mask. Little grebe Resident and breeding in small numbers. There are usually between 20 and 30 individuals on the lake in late autumn/early winter (with a recent highest count of 34), but numbers usually dwindle as the winter progresses. Meehan (see his thesis on this website) estimated the breeding population to be around 6 pairs but noted that this was possibly an underestimate. Even so, it is not an abundant species on Lough Carra. Great crested grebe Resident, summer visitor and passage migrant in spring. There is a breeding “colony” close to the gull colony islands just South of the Kilkeeran peninsula, with up to six or seven pairs nesting in close proximity to each other. Meehan (see his thesis on this website) estimated the lake’s total breeding population to be 7-10 pairs in 2005 and 13 pairs in 2006. -
A Survey of the Lough Mask Breeding Gull Population
A survey of the Lough Mask breeding gull population by Jackie Hunt and Marie Louise Heffernan November, 2006 This project was funded by the Heritage Council under the Wildlife Grant Scheme, 2006 (Wildlife Grant Ref: 14768) and by the National Parks and Wildlife Service. i Lough Mask Breeding Gull Survey 2006 SUMMARY Between 1977 and 2000 breeding gulls suffered dramatic declines on Connaught’s inland lakes. Numbers of Lesser Black-backed Gull and Black-headed Gull crashed by over 80% and numbers of Common Gull by 75%. Herring and Great Black- backed Gulls are now largely absent as a breeding species. While gulls are still nesting at all five of Connaught’s inland lakes, the main breeding numbers are now concentrated on Loughs Corrib and Lough Mask. The aim of this project was to census the breeding gull population on Lough Mask, to establish which islands were being used by nesting gulls and to gather data on breeding success. It was hoped that this project might provide some insight into the reasons for the drastic declines in gull numbers on Connaught’s inland lakes. The 2006 survey found 1200 pairs of Black-headed Gull, 282 pairs of Lesser Black- backed Gull and 410 pairs of Common Gull. Compared to 1977 the nesting gull population on Lough Mask appears to be stable. However, productivity data revealed breeding success to be moderate to poor at all but one colony. Clutch size data was comparable to that recorded in 1977 and comparison of laying and hatching dates found that laying began about a week earlier in 2006 than in 1977. -
Irish Fisheries Investigation S
IRISH FISHERIES INVESTIGATION S SERIES A (Freshwater) No. 12 (1973) AN ROINN TALMHAIOCHTA AGUS IASCAIGH (Department of Agriculture and Fisheries) FO-ROINN IASCAIGH (Fisheries Division) DUBLIN: PUBLISHED BY THE STATIONERY OFFICE TO BE PURCHASED FROM THE GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS SALE OFFICE, G.P.O. ARCADE. DUBLIN. 7tp IRISH FISHERIES INVESTIGATIONS SERIES A (FRESHWATER) No. 12 (1973) J. J. BRACKEN TIlE AGE AND GROWTH OF PIKE Esox lucius FROM FOUR IRISH TROUT RIVERS The age and growth of pike Esox lucius from four Irish trout rivers by J. J. BRACKEN Zoological Department, University College, Dublin. ABSTRACT Age and growth of pike Esox lucius L. taken by electrical fishing in four typical Irish trout rivers were determined, using isometric axis of scales. Age data showed that young pike dominated in catches in all four rivers. Very few pike older than four yc'ars were captured. Growth of pike in these rivers was compared with earlier results obtained for lake pike. River pike were much smaller than fish of similar age from the larger limestone' lakes. Tag and recapture data from the Camlin river" confirmed that mean growth results were very similar to back-calculated means per year class. Data showed little movement of pike within this system and that electrical fishing was reasonably efficient for clearance' of coarse fish in shallow trout waters. Stomach contents of pike taken in Robe and Camlin rivers were qualitatively analysed. Since 1952 the Inland Fisheries Trust's development programme has included the removal 01 pike and other coarse fishes from a number of Irish trout lakes and rivers. -
Site Synopsis
SITE SYNOPSIS SITE NAME: LOUGH CORRIB SPA SITE CODE: 004042 Lough Corrib is the largest lake in the country and is located, for the most part, in County Galway, with a small section in the north extending into County Mayo. The lake can be divided into two parts: a relatively shallow basin in the south, which is underlain by Carboniferous limestone, and a larger, deeper basin to the north, which is underlain by more acidic granite, schists, shales and sandstones. The main inflowing rivers are the Black, Clare, Dooghta, Cregg, Owenriff and the channel from Lough Mask. The main outflowing river is the Corrib, which reaches the sea at Galway City. The shallow, lime-rich waters of the southern basin of the lake support one of the most extensive beds of Stoneworts (Charophytes) in Ireland. These Chara beds are a very important source of food for waterfowl. In contrast, the northern basin contains more oligotrophic and acidic waters. Large areas of reedswamp vegetation, dominated by varying mixtures of Common Reed (Phragmites australis) and Common Club-rush (Scirpus lacustris) occur around the margins of the lake. The lake has numerous islands, which range from relatively bare rocky islets to larger islands with grassland or woodland. The site is a Special Protection Area (SPA) under the E.U. Birds Directive, of special conservation interest for the following species: Greenland White-fronted Goose, Gadwall, Shoveler, Pochard, Tufted Duck, Common Scoter, Hen Harrier, Coot, Golden Plover, Black-Headed Gull, Common Gull, Common Tern and Arctic Tern. The site is also of special conservation interest for holding an assemblage of over 20,000 wintering waterbirds. -
List of Rivers of Ireland
Sl. No River Name Length Comments 1 Abbert River 25.25 miles (40.64 km) 2 Aghinrawn Fermanagh 3 Agivey 20.5 miles (33.0 km) Londonderry 4 Aherlow River 27 miles (43 km) Tipperary 5 River Aille 18.5 miles (29.8 km) 6 Allaghaun River 13.75 miles (22.13 km) Limerick 7 River Allow 22.75 miles (36.61 km) Cork 8 Allow, 22.75 miles (36.61 km) County Cork (Blackwater) 9 Altalacky (Londonderry) 10 Annacloy (Down) 11 Annascaul (Kerry) 12 River Annalee 41.75 miles (67.19 km) 13 River Anner 23.5 miles (37.8 km) Tipperary 14 River Ara 18.25 miles (29.37 km) Tipperary 15 Argideen River 17.75 miles (28.57 km) Cork 16 Arigna River 14 miles (23 km) 17 Arney (Fermanagh) 18 Athboy River 22.5 miles (36.2 km) Meath 19 Aughavaud River, County Carlow 20 Aughrim River 5.75 miles (9.25 km) Wicklow 21 River Avoca (Ovoca) 9.5 miles (15.3 km) Wicklow 22 River Avonbeg 16.5 miles (26.6 km) Wicklow 23 River Avonmore 22.75 miles (36.61 km) Wicklow 24 Awbeg (Munster Blackwater) 31.75 miles (51.10 km) 25 Baelanabrack River 11 miles (18 km) 26 Baleally Stream, County Dublin 27 River Ballinamallard 16 miles (26 km) 28 Ballinascorney Stream, County Dublin 29 Ballinderry River 29 miles (47 km) 30 Ballinglen River, County Mayo 31 Ballintotty River, County Tipperary 32 Ballintra River 14 miles (23 km) 33 Ballisodare River 5.5 miles (8.9 km) 34 Ballyboughal River, County Dublin 35 Ballycassidy 36 Ballyfinboy River 20.75 miles (33.39 km) 37 Ballymaice Stream, County Dublin 38 Ballymeeny River, County Sligo 39 Ballynahatty 40 Ballynahinch River 18.5 miles (29.8 km) 41 Ballyogan Stream, County Dublin 42 Balsaggart Stream, County Dublin 43 Bandon 45 miles (72 km) 44 River Bann (Wexford) 26 miles (42 km) Longest river in Northern Ireland. -
Patrick Went Further West. the Life and Writings of St. Patrick With
Patrick went further west. The Life and Writings of St. Patrick with Appendices, Etc By The Most Rev. Dr. Healy, Archbishop of Tuam. 1905 • I. — Patrick amongst Ciarraige of Mayo. THENCE from ‘ Ciarraige Airtech’ Patrick went further west to ‘ Ciarraige Arne,’ where he met Ernaisc and his son, Loarnach, sitting under a tree. And Patrick wrote an alphabet or catechism for the youth Loarnach, and he remained with him—Patrick and his family of twelve men [1]—for a week, or more. And Patrick founded a church in that place, and made him the abbot or superior thereof, and he was, indeed, a man full of the Holy Spirit. This shows us what we know otherwise must be true—that Patrick spent a week, or some- times a fortnight, in each new district, preaching, baptising, and building his church with the help of the willing hands of the people. On Sunday he consecrated it ; and when he had no man of his own ‘ family’ ready to place over it he took some other likely youth, generally a son of the chief, gave him a catechism, taught him how to say his psalter, read his missal and his ritual, and then ordained him for the service of the Church. But these boys were educated youths ; they had well-trained memories, for they generally belonged to the schools of the Bards or Brehons, and so in a very short time they could be trained to do the indispensable work of the ministry. But we must also assume that for some time they accompanied the Saint on his missionary journeys in their own neighbourhood, and when that was impossible he left one or more of his own ‘ familia’ to give them further instructions and moral guidance.