Checklist for the Butterflies of NC
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Effects of Prescribed Fire and Fire Surrogates on Pollinators and Saproxylic Beetles in North Carolina and Alabama
EFFECTS OF PRESCRIBED FIRE AND FIRE SURROGATES ON POLLINATORS AND SAPROXYLIC BEETLES IN NORTH CAROLINA AND ALABAMA by JOSHUA W. CAMPBELL (Under the Direction of James L. Hanula) ABSTRACT Pollinating and saproxylic insects are two groups of forest insects that are considered to be extremely vital for forest health. These insects maintain and enhance plant diversity, but also help recycle nutrients back into the soil. Forest management practices (prescribed burns, thinnings, herbicide use) are commonly used methods to limit fuel build up within forests. However, their effects on pollinating and saproxylic insects are poorly understood. We collected pollinating and saproxylic insect from North Carolina and Alabama from 2002-2004 among different treatment plots. In North Carolina, we captured 7921 floral visitors from four orders and 21 families. Hymenoptera was the most abundant and diverse order, with Halictidae being the most abundant family. The majority of floral visitors were captured in the mechanical plus burn treatments, while lower numbers were caught on the mechanical only treatments, burn only treatments and control treatments. Overall species richness was also higher on mechanical plus burn treatments compared to other treatments. Total pollinator abundance was correlated with decreased tree basal area (r2=0.58) and increased percent herbaceous plant cover (r2=0.71). We captured 37,191 saproxylic Coleoptera in North Carolina, comprising 20 families and 122 species. Overall, species richness and total abundance of Coleoptera were not significantly different among treatments. However, total numbers of many key families, such as Scolytidae, Curculionidae, Cerambycidae, and Buprestidae, have higher total numbers in treated plots compared to untreated controls and several families (Elateridae, Cleridae, Trogositidae, Scolytidae) showed significant differences (p≤0.05) in abundance. -
Insect Survey of Four Longleaf Pine Preserves
A SURVEY OF THE MOTHS, BUTTERFLIES, AND GRASSHOPPERS OF FOUR NATURE CONSERVANCY PRESERVES IN SOUTHEASTERN NORTH CAROLINA Stephen P. Hall and Dale F. Schweitzer November 15, 1993 ABSTRACT Moths, butterflies, and grasshoppers were surveyed within four longleaf pine preserves owned by the North Carolina Nature Conservancy during the growing season of 1991 and 1992. Over 7,000 specimens (either collected or seen in the field) were identified, representing 512 different species and 28 families. Forty-one of these we consider to be distinctive of the two fire- maintained communities principally under investigation, the longleaf pine savannas and flatwoods. An additional 14 species we consider distinctive of the pocosins that occur in close association with the savannas and flatwoods. Twenty nine species appear to be rare enough to be included on the list of elements monitored by the North Carolina Natural Heritage Program (eight others in this category have been reported from one of these sites, the Green Swamp, but were not observed in this study). Two of the moths collected, Spartiniphaga carterae and Agrotis buchholzi, are currently candidates for federal listing as Threatened or Endangered species. Another species, Hemipachnobia s. subporphyrea, appears to be endemic to North Carolina and should also be considered for federal candidate status. With few exceptions, even the species that seem to be most closely associated with savannas and flatwoods show few direct defenses against fire, the primary force responsible for maintaining these communities. Instead, the majority of these insects probably survive within this region due to their ability to rapidly re-colonize recently burned areas from small, well-dispersed refugia. -
FM), 3-9 July, 3-10 September and 10-13 December 1990
BULLETIN OF THE ALLYN MUSEUM 3621 Bayshore Rd. Sarasota, Florida 34234 Published By Florida Museum of Natural History University of Florida Gainesville, Florida 32611 Number 133 14 June 1991 ISSN-0097-3211 THE BUTTERFLIES OF ANEGADA, BRITISH VIRGIN ISLANDS, WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF A NEW CALISTO (SATYRIDAE) AND A NEW COPAEODES (HESPERIIDAE) ENDEMIC TO THE ISLAND David Spencer Smith Hope Entomological Collections, The University Museum, Parks Road, Oxford, OX! 3PW, England. Lee D. Miller Allyn Museum of Entomology of the Florida Museum of Natural History, 3621 Bay Shore Road, Sarasota, Florida 34234, U.S.A. Faustino KcKenzie Institute of Neurobiology, University of Puerto Rico, Boulevard del Valle 201, Old San Juan, Puerto Rico 00901, U.S.A. This paper is dedicated to the memory of John Griffith of Jesus College, Oxford. INTRODUCTION Anegada island is the northernmost member of the Lesser Antillean arc, situated at 18" 43'N and 64" 19'W. Its nearest neighbors are Anguilla, about 80 statute miles (127 km} across the Anegada Passage to the east-southeast and Virgin Gorda, about 13 miles (21 km} due south. Whereas the Virgin Islands are generally mountainous, Anegada reaches perhaps 18 ' above mean sea level and much of the island is considerably lower (D 'Arcy, 1975}. It is about 10 miles (16 km} in length, about 15 square miles (39 km'} in area, oriented along the east-west axis and is just over 2 miles (3.5 km} across the widest point (Fig. 16}. From the south coast and into the Anegada Passage to the southeast extends the Horseshoe Reef, long a hazard to navigation. -
How to Cite Complete Issue More Information About This Article
Revista de Biología Tropical ISSN: 0034-7744 ISSN: 0034-7744 Universidad de Costa Rica Murillo-Hiller, Luis Ricardo; Segura-Bermúdez, Oscar Antonio; Barquero, Juan Diego; Bolaños, Federico The skipper butterflies (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae) of the Reserva Ecológica Leonelo Oviedo, San José, Costa Rica Revista de Biología Tropical, vol. 67, no. 2, 2019, pp. 228-248 Universidad de Costa Rica DOI: DOI 10.15517/RBT.V67I2SUPL.37236 Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=44965759017 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System Redalyc More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America and the Caribbean, Spain and Journal's webpage in redalyc.org Portugal Project academic non-profit, developed under the open access initiative DOI 10.15517/RBT.V67I2SUPL.37236 Artículo The skipper butterflies (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae) of the Reserva Ecológica Leonelo Oviedo, San José, Costa Rica Las mariposas hespéridas (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae) de la Reserva Ecológica Leonelo Oviedo, San José, Costa Rica Luis Ricardo Murillo-Hiller1,2,3* Oscar Antonio Segura-Bermúdez1 Juan Diego Barquero1 Federico Bolaños1,2 1 Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, 11501-2060, San José, Costa Rica; [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] 2 Museo de Zoología, Universidad de Costa Rica. 3 Mariposario de la Escuela de Biología. * Correspondence Received 27-II-2018 Corrected 18-I-2019 Accepted 06-II-2019 Abstract Hesperiidae is one of the most diverse families of butterflies in Costa Rica, with approximately 486 species. Even so, there are few butterfly lists where this group has been included. -
2019 SHNP Butterfly Checklist
Gossamer-wings: Family Lycaenidae Heliconians & Fritillaries: Subfamily Heliconiinae Hairstreaks: Subfamily Theclinae ____Variegated Fritillary (Euptoieta claudia) Butterflies ____Juniper Hairstreak (Callophrys gryneus gryneus) ____Meadow Fritillary (Boloria bellona bellona) ____Red-banded Hairstreak (Calycopis cecrops) ____Great Spangled Fritillary (Speyeria cybele cybele) of the ____Gray Hairstreak (Strymon melinus humuli) Stone Head Nature Preserve Pearl Crescent Eastern Tailed-Blue Eastern Comma Great Spangled Gray Hairstreak Fritillary True Brushfoots: Subfamily Nymphalinae Blues: Subfamily Polyommatinae ____American Lady (Vanessa virginiensis) ____Eastern Tailed-Blue (Cupido comyntas comyntas) ____Painted Lady (Vanessa cardui) ____Summer Azure (Celastrina neglecta) ____Red Admiral (Vanessa atalanta rubria) ____Question Mark (Polygonia interrogationis) Date: __________________________________________ ____Eastern Comma (Polygonia comma) Habitats visited: __________________________________ ____Common Buckeye (Junonia coenia coenia) Monarch Observers: ______________________________________ ____Silvery Checkerspot (Chlosyne nycteis nycteis) _______________________________________________ ____Pearl Crescent (Phyciodes tharos tharos) Viceroy _______________________________________________ Satyrs: Subfamily Satyrinae Time: ____:____ - ____:____ Tempeture: ____ - _____ Brushfoots: Family Nymphalidae ____Northern Pearly-eye (Lethe anthedon anthedon) %Sun: _______ Wind: ________ Precipitation: ________ Snouts: Subfamily Libytheinae ____Gemmed -
Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections
SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOLUME 116, NUMBER 7 (End of Volume) THE BUTTERFLIES OF VIRGINIA (With 31 Plates) BY AUSTIN H. CLARK AND LEILA F. CLARK Smithsonian Institution DEC 89 «f (PUBUCATION 4050) CITY OF WASHINGTON PUBLISHED BY THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DECEMBER 20, 1951 0EC2 01951 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. 116, NO. 7, FRONTISPIECE Butterflies of Virginia (From photograph by Frederick M. Bayer. For explanation, see page 195.) SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOLUME 116, NUMBER 7 (End of Volume) THE BUTTERFLIES OF VIRGINIA (With 31 Plates) BY AUSTIN H. CLARK AND LEILA F. CLARK Smithsonian Institution z Mi -.££& /ORG (Publication 4050) CITY OF WASHINGTON PUBLISHED BY THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DECEMBER 20, 1951 Zfyt. Borb QBattimovt (preee BALTIMORE, 1ID., D. 6. A. PREFACE Since 1933 we have devoted practically all our leisure time to an intensive study of the butterflies of Virginia. We have regularly spent our annual leave in the State, stopping at various places from which each day we drove out into the surrounding country. In addition to prolonged visits of 2 weeks or more to various towns and cities, we spent many week ends in particularly interesting localities. We have visited all the 100 counties in the State at least twice, most of them many times, and our personal records are from more than 800 locali- ties. We have paid special attention to the Coastal Plain, particularly the great swamps in Nansemond, Norfolk, and Princess Anne Counties, and to the western mountains. Virginia is so large and so diversified that it would have been im- possible for us, without assistance, to have made more than a super- ficial and unsatisfactory study of the local butterflies. -
Temperature-Dependent Phenotypic Plasticity in Wing Pattern of Utetheisa Ornatrix Bella (Erebidae, Arctiinae)
34 TROP. LEPID. RES., 25(1): 34-45, 2015 SOURAKOV: Phenotypic plasticity in bella moth TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY IN WING PATTERN OF UTETHEISA ORNATRIX BELLA (EREBIDAE, ARCTIINAE) Andrei Sourakov McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, [email protected] Abstract – Utetheisa ornatrix exhibits geographic and intrapopulational variability in wing pattern. Here, evidence is presented that temperature-dependent phenotypic plasticity exists in north Florida populations of the subspecies U. ornatrix bella. On six different occasions, experimental groups of late instar larvae and pupae were reared at lower temperatures (15-16°C) and short-day photoperiod, while control groups of sibling larvae were raised through to adult stage at 22°C. Resultant moths from the two groups had different wing pattern phenotypes. Increased melanization is the probable cause of the observed differences, as the cold-affected individuals had more extensive black markings on both surfaces of forewing and hindwing. Cold-induced melanization affected both wings simultaneously, in which it differed from normal genetic variation in melanic markings found in U. ornatrix, which inherits separately for fore- and hindwing. Additionally, cold-induced reduction of red/orange pigmentation on the upper forewing surface was sometimes observed. The expression of this phenotypic plasticity varied depending on the brood used in the experiment. Possible adaptive significance -
Ten Genes and Two Topologies: an Exploration of Higher Relationships in Skipper Butterflies (Hesperiidae)
Ten genes and two topologies: an exploration of higher relationships in skipper butterflies (Hesperiidae) Ranjit Kumar Sahoo1, Andrew D. Warren2, Niklas Wahlberg3,4, Andrew V. Z. Brower5, Vladimir A. Lukhtanov6,7 and Ullasa Kodandaramaiah1 1 School of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India 2 McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, UF Cultural Plaza, Gainesville, FL, USA 3 Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden 4 Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland 5 Evolution and Ecology Group, Department of Biology, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN, USA 6 Department of Insect Systematics, Zoological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia 7 Department of Entomology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia ABSTRACT Despite multiple attempts to infer the higher-level phylogenetic relationships of skipper butterflies (Family Hesperiidae), uncertainties in the deep clade relationships persist. The most recent phylogenetic analysis included fewer than 30% of known genera and data from three gene markers. Here we reconstruct the higher-level relationships with a rich sampling of ten nuclear and mitochondrial markers (7,726 bp) from 270 genera and find two distinct but equally plausible topologies among subfamilies at the base of the tree. In one set of analyses, the nuclear markers suggest two contrasting topologies, one of which is supported by the mitochondrial dataset. However, another set of analyses suggests mito-nuclear conflict as the reason for topological incongruence. Neither topology is strongly supported, and we conclude that there is insufficient phylogenetic evidence in the Submitted 24 May 2016 Accepted 4 October 2016 molecular dataset to resolve these relationships. -
Notes on Virginia Butterflies, with Two New State Records!
144 JOURNAL OF THE LEPIDOPTERISTS' SOCIETY NOTES ON VIRGINIA BUTTERFLIES, WITH TWO NEW STATE RECORDS! CHARLES V. COVELL, JR. Deparbnent of Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40208 AND GERALD B. STRALEY Botany Department, POlter Hall, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701 In 1951 Austin and Leila Clark published The Butterflies of Virginia. This work crowned 20 years of avid collecting and observation in the Old Dominion by the Clarks and their colleagues, and brought together all the records and knowledge about the Virginia butterfly fauna up to that time. According to the nomenclature used by the Clarks, a total of 154 species and subspecies (144 species) was recorded as having been collected in Virginia. Keys, diagnostic features, range, variation, occurrence, season, and interesting discussions were given for the butter flies and a complete bibliography of literature on Virginia butterflies rounded out the work. Since the appearance of Clark & Clark (1951) very little has been published to add to our knowledge of the Virginia butterfly fauna. Covell ( 1962) added Satyrium kingi (Klots & Clench) to the State list and Straley (1969) recorded Thymelicus lineola (Ochsenheimer) for the first time from the State. Nomenclature and arrangement of species were brought into line with dos Passos (1964), the present standard for North American Rhopalocera classification, by Covell (1967). The latter list also included the first record of Megathymus yuccae (Boisduval & Le Conte) for Virginia. In this paper we include two more first records for the State-Problema bulenta (Boisduval & Le Conte) and Satyrium caryaevorus (McDun nough). In accordance with the dos Passos arrangement, plus recent changes in the nomenclature of Lethe, 158 species and subspecies (149 species) of butterflies are now known to have been taken in Virginia. -
Coastal Butterflies & Host Plants
GIANT SKIPPERS Family: Hesperiidae, Subfamily: Megathymi- nae Yucca Giant-Skipper: Megathymus yuccae Host: Yuccas (Yucca aloifolia, Y. gloriosa, Y. fila- mentosa, Y. flaccida) Carolina Satyr S. Pearly-eye Gemmed Satry Viola’s Wood-Satyr Horace’s Duskywing by Gosse Silver-spotted Skipper nectaring on pickerlweed Butterflies need native host plants to complete SATYRS their life cycle. The larvae of many species can Family: Nymphalidae, Subfamily: Satyrinae only survive on specific plants; think of mon- Southern Pearly-eye: Enodia portlandia * archs and milkweeds, longwings and passion- Host: Switchcane (Arundinaria tecta) flowers. The host plants listed here are native to the coastal region of Georgia & South Caro- Creole Pearly Eye: Enodia creola Delaware Skipper Long-tailed Skipper Host: Switchcane (Arundinaria tecta) lina. They provide a critical link for butterfly survival. Protect native plants in your landscape Appalachian Brown: Satyrodes appalachia and grow them in your gardens to support Host: Carex spp., Rhynchospora spp. these important pollinators. Gemmed Satyr: Cyllopsis gemma * Host: Woodoats (Chasmanthium laxum, C. ses- siliflorum) Sachem Skipper Whirlabout Skipper Carolina Satyr: Hermeuptychia sosybius * Host: St. Augustine (Stenotaphrum secundatum) Georgia Satyr: Neonympha areolata Host: Sawgrass (Cladium jamaicense), Sedges (Cyperaceae) Fiery Skipper Checkered Skipper Provided by Coastal WildScapes Little Wood Satyr: Megisto cymela * Twin-spotted Skipper Lace-winged Roadside (www.coastalwildscapes.org) Host: St. Augustine -
Species List for Garey Park-Inverts
Species List for Garey Park-Inverts Category Order Family Scientific Name Common Name Abundance Category Order Family Scientific Name Common Name Abundance Arachnid Araneae Agelenidae Funnel Weaver Common Arachnid Araneae Thomisidae Misumena vatia Goldenrod Crab Spider Common Arachnid Araneae Araneidae Araneus miniatus Black-Spotted Orbweaver Rare Arachnid Araneae Thomisidae Misumessus oblongus American Green Crab Spider Common Arachnid Araneae Araneidae Argiope aurantia Yellow Garden Spider Common Arachnid Araneae Uloboridae Uloborus glomosus Featherlegged Orbweaver Uncommon Arachnid Araneae Araneidae Argiope trifasciata Banded Garden Spider Uncommon Arachnid Endeostigmata Eriophyidae Aceria theospyri Persimmon Leaf Blister Gall Rare Arachnid Araneae Araneidae Gasteracantha cancriformis Spinybacked Orbweaver Common Arachnid Endeostigmata Eriophyidae Aculops rhois Poison Ivy Leaf Mite Common Arachnid Araneae Araneidae Gea heptagon Heptagonal Orbweaver Rare Arachnid Ixodida Ixodidae Amblyomma americanum Lone Star Tick Rare Arachnid Araneae Araneidae Larinioides cornutus Furrow Orbweaver Common Arachnid Ixodida Ixodidae Dermacentor variabilis American Dog Tick Common Arachnid Araneae Araneidae Mangora gibberosa Lined Orbweaver Uncommon Arachnid Opiliones Sclerosomatidae Leiobunum vittatum Eastern Harvestman Uncommon Arachnid Araneae Araneidae Mangora placida Tuft-legged Orbweaver Uncommon Arachnid Trombidiformes Anystidae Whirligig Mite Rare Arachnid Araneae Araneidae Mecynogea lemniscata Basilica Orbweaver Rare Arachnid Eumesosoma roeweri -
The Ecological Role of Extremely Long-Proboscid Neotropical Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae) in Plant-Pollinator Networks
Arthropod-Plant Interactions DOI 10.1007/s11829-015-9379-7 ORIGINAL PAPER The ecological role of extremely long-proboscid Neotropical butterflies (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae) in plant-pollinator networks 1 2 1 J. A.-S. Bauder • A. D. Warren • H. W. Krenn Received: 30 August 2014 / Accepted: 8 April 2015 Ó The Author(s) 2015. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Abstract Extremely long proboscides of insect flower Introduction visitors have been regarded as an example of a coevolu- tionary arms race, assuming that these insects act as effi- Many scientists have pondered over the evolutionary pro- cient pollinators for their nectar host plants. However, the cesses that led to the development of particularly elongate effect of proboscis length on generalized or specialized proboscides in flower-visiting insects (Darwin 1862; flower use remains unclear and the efficiency of butterfly Johnson 1997; Johnson and Anderson 2010; Muchhala and pollination is ambiguous. Neotropical Hesperiidae feature a Thomson 2009; Nilsson 1988, 1998; Pauw et al. 2009; surprising variation of proboscis length, which makes them Rodrı´guez-Girone´s and Llandres 2008; Rodrı´guez-Girone´s a suitable study system to elucidate the role of extremely and Santamarı´a 2007; Wasserthal 1997, 1998; Whittall and long-proboscid insects in plant-pollinator networks. The Hodges 2007). The most widely accepted hypothesis for results of this study show that skippers with longer pro- the evolution of extreme mouthpart lengths is that they boscides visit plant species with deep-tubed flowers to take coevolved with long nectar spurs of angiosperms. In this up food, but do not pollinate them.