2976
IN THE MATTER OF THE JOINT REVIEW PANEL ("JOINT PANEL") ESTABLISHED TO REVIEW THE JACKPINE MINE EXPANSION, FORT MCKAY, ALBERTA, ("PROJECT") PROPOSED BY SHELL CANADA LIMITED ("SHELL")
AND IN THE MATTER OF ALBERTA ENERGY RESOURCES CONSERVATION BOARD ("ERCB") APPLICATION NO. 1554388
AND IN THE MATTER OF CANADIAN ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AGENCY ("AGENCY") CEAR NO. 59540
AND IN THE MATTER OF THE ENERGY RESOURCES CONSERVATION ACT R.S.A. 2000 C. E-10
AND IN THE MATTER OF THE OIL SANDS CONSERVATION ACT, R.S.A. 2000, C.0-7
AND IN THE MATTER OF THE CANADIAN ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT ACT, 2012, S.C. 2012, C. 19, S. 52
BY THE ALBERTA ENERGY RESOURCES CONSERVATION BOARD AND THE GOVERNMENT OF CANADA
______
PROCEEDINGS AT HEARING
NOVEMBER 14, 2012
VOLUME 13
PAGES 2976 TO 3327
______
C o p y ______
Held at: MacDonald Island Park 151 MacDonald Drive Fort McMurray, Alberta T9H 5C5
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APPEARANCES
JOINT PANEL:
Mr. Jim Dilay, Panel Chair Mr. Alex Bolton, Panel Member Mr. Les Cooke, Panel Member
CANADIAN ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AGENCY (CEAA):
Charles Birchall, Esq., CEAA Counsel Ms. Jill Adams, Joint Review Panel Manager Ms. Lucille Jamault, Manager of Communications
ENERGY RESOURCES CONSERVATION BOARD (ERCB):
Gary Perkins, Esq., Board Counsel Ms. Meighan LaCasse, Board Counsel Robert J. Mueller, Board Counsel
Ms. Amanda Black, Hearing Coordinator Mr. Darin Barter, ERCB Communication
PANEL SECRETARIAT: Mr. Paul Aguas Ms. Gladys Onovwiona Mr. Yetimgeta Mihiretu Ms. Tara Wang Ms. Krista Boychuk Ms. Erin Tough Mr. Steven van Lingen Mr. Don South Mr. Michael Bevan Ms. Afshan Mahmood Mr. Daniel Martineau Ms. Courtney Trevis Mr. Jean-Pierre Thonney Ms. Deborah Austin
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APPLICANT
Shawn Denstedt, Q.C. ) Shell Canada Ltd. Sander Duncanson, Esq. ) Dan Kolenick, Esq. )
INTERVENERS (in alphabetical order):
Eamon Murphy, Esq. ) Athabasca Chipewyan Ms. Jenny Biem ) First Nation
Kirk Lambrecht, Q.C. ) Attorney General James Elford, Esq. ) of Canada
Ms. Donna Deranger ) Donna Deranger ) (Self-represented)
Ms. Karin Buss ) Fort McKay First Nation ) and Fort McKay Métis ) Community Association
Rangi Jeerakathil, Esq. ) Fort McMurray #468 First ) Nation
Ms. Anna Johnston ) John Malcolm, the ) Non-Status Fort ) McMurray/Fort McKay ) First Nation and the ) Clearwater River Paul ) Cree Band #175
Ms. Cynthia Bertolin ) Métis Nation of Alberta Ms. Debbie Bishop ) Region 1 and the ) individuals and groups ) named together with ) Region 1
Don Mallon, Q.C. ) Mikisew Cree Ms. Daniela O'Callaghan ) First Nation
Thomas Rothwell, Esq. ) Minister of Justice and ) Attorney General of ) Alberta ) (No further ) participation)
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Ms. Karin Buss ) Oil Sands Environmental Ms. Melissa Gorrie ) Coalition
Ray Purdy, Q.C. ) Regional Municipality of Ms. Katherine Morianos ) Wood Buffalo Tore Purdy, Esq. )
Ms. Chelsea Flook ) Sierra Club Prairie (Registering on its behalf) )
Ms. Melissa Gorrie ) Keith Stewart (Registering on his behalf) )
Ms. Sheliza Ladha ) Syncrude Canada Ltd.
Ms. Kellie Johnston ) TOTAL E&P Canada Ltd.
Ms. Melissa Gorrie ) Clinton Westman (Registering on his behalf) )
Ms. Melissa Gorrie ) Anna Zalik and (Registering on their behalf) Osume Osuoka
REALTIME COURT REPORTING:
Realtime Connection, Inc. Nancy Nielsen, RPR, RCR, CSR(A) Stephen Gill, OCR
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INDEX OF PROCEEDINGS
DESCRIPTION PAGE NO.
WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 14, 2012 2986 (8:30 A.M.)
MÉTIS NATION OF ALBERTA - REGION 1 AND 2988 THE INDIVIDUALS AND GROUPS NAMED TOGETHER WITH REGION 1 PANEL: BILL LOUTITT (RECALLED AND REMINDED OF OATH)
CLARIFICATION EVIDENCE BY MR. LOUTITT: 2988
FURTHER CROSS-EXAMINATION OF MÉTIS 2989 NATION OF ALBERTA - REGION 1 AND THE INDIVIDUALS AND GROUPS NAMED TOGETHER WITH REGION 1 PANEL MEMBER (MR. LOUTITT), BY MR. DENSTEDT:
MÉTIS NATION OF ALBERTA - REGION 1 AND 2990 THE INDIVIDUALS AND GROUPS NAMED TOGETHER WITH REGION 1, SECOND WITNESS PANEL:
PETER FORTNA (AFFIRMED) CLEM CHARTIER (AFFIRMED)
PRESENTATION BY MR. FORTNA: 2991
CROSS-EXAMINATION OF MÉTIS NATION OF 3055 ALBERTA - REGION 1 AND THE INDIVIDUALS AND GROUPS NAMED TOGETHER WITH REGION 1, SECOND WITNESS PANEL, BY SHELL CANADA, BY MR. DUNCANSON:
(THE MORNING ADJOURNMENT) 3065
QUESTIONS OF MÉTIS NATION OF ALBERTA - 3073 REGION 1 AND THE INDIVIDUALS AND GROUPS NAMED TOGETHER WITH REGION 1, SECOND WITNESS PANEL, BY THE ERCB BOARD STAFF, BY MR. PERKINS:
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INDEX OF PROCEEDINGS (CONT'D):
MÉTIS NATION OF ALBERTA - REGION 1 3073 AND THE INDIVIDUALS AND GROUPS NAMED TOGETHER WITH REGION 1, SECOND WITNESS PANEL, BY THE ERCB BOARD STAFF, BY MR. PERKINS:
(WITNESSES EXCUSED) 3087 (A BRIEF ADJOURNMENT) 3088
ATTORNEY GENERAL OF CANADA WITNESS 3088 PANEL, (SWORN AND/OR AFFIRMED):
FISHERIES AND OCEANS CANADA (DFO): BRIAN MAKOWECKI MAREK JANOWICZ COURT D. BERRYMAN
ENVIRONMENT CANADA (EC): CHERYL BARANIECKI RON BENNETT BARRIE BONSAL WILLIAM BOOTY PATRICIA CHAMBERS DAVE FOX HEATHER MORRISON SAMANTHA SONG DOUG SPRY STEPHEN VIRC CORINNA WATT RICHARD WIACEK GREG BICKERTON
NATURAL RESOURCES CANADA (NRCAN): SHELLEY BALL KIM KASPERSKI MIROSLAV NASTEV BAOLIN WANG
TRANSPORT CANADA (TC): DALE KIRKLAND SHANNON VOLLEMA.
MATTERS SPOKEN TO BY MR. LAMBRECHT: 3090
INTRODUCTION OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF 3095 CANADA PANELS:
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INDEX OF PROCEEDINGS (CONT'D):
CROSS-EXAMINATION OF THE ATTORNEY 3104 GENERAL OF CANADA PANEL, BY OSEC, BY MS. GORRIE:
(THE LUNCHEON ADJOURNMENT) 3120 (PROCEEDINGS ADJOURNED AT 12:10 P.M.) (PROCEEDINGS RECONVENED AT 1:10 P.M.)
SCHEDULING MATTERS SPOKEN TO: 3120
CROSS-EXAMINATION OF THE ATTORNEY 3123 GENERAL OF CANADA PANEL, BY OSEC, BY MS. GORRIE (CONTINUING):
CROSS-EXAMINATION OF THE ATTORNEY 3172 GENERAL OF CANADA PANEL, BY OSEC, BY MS. BUSS:
(THE AFTERNOON ADJOURNMENT) 3193
CROSS-EXAMINATION OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF CANADA PANEL, BY OSEC, BY MS. BUSS (CONTINUING):
(THE DINNER ADJOURNMENT) 3263
(THE HEARING ADJOURNED AT 5:08 P.M.) (THE HEARING RECONVENED AT 6:00 P.M.)
CROSS-EXAMINATION OF ATTORNEY GENERAL 3278 OF CANADA PANEL, BY ATHABASCA CHIPEWYAN FIRST NATION, BY MR. MURPHY:
(THE PROCEEDING ADJOURNED AT 7:46 P.M.) 3326 (THE HEARING TO RESUME ON THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 15TH, 2012 AT 8:30 A.M.)
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INDEX OF EXHIBITS
DESCRIPTION PAGE NO.
EXHIBIT 010-027: OPENING STATEMENT OF 3087 MR. FORTNA
EXHIBIT 005-026: EXCERPT OF A BOOK 3093
EXHIBIT 017-039: DOCUMENT ENTITLED 3107 SECTION: LAND OVERVIEW, SUBSECTION 1.0: INTRODUCTION
EXHIBIT 017-040: EXCERPT OF EVIDENCE 3119 FROM JOSLYN NORTH MINE PROJECT, OCTOBER 7, 2010 TRANSCRIPT
EXHIBIT 017-041: SPECIES AT RISK ACT 3152 POLICIES AND GUIDELINE SERIES
EXHIBIT 017-042: OPERATIONAL FRAMEWORK 3153 FOR USE OF CONSERVATION ALLOWANCES
EXHIBIT 017-043: RESPONSE TO THE 3162 OILSANDS ENVIRONMENTAL COALITION INFORMATION REQUEST TO FEDERAL GOVERNMENT PARTICIPANT DEPARTMENTS
EXHIBIT 017-044: ENVIRONMENT CANADA, 3172 KEY CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS TO CANADA
EXHIBIT 017-045: SETAC PRESS, "METALS 3201 AND POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS IN COLONIAL WATERBIRD EGGS FROM LAKE ATHABASCA AND THE PEACE-ATHABASCA DELTA, CANADA"
EXHIBIT 017-046: OFFICE OF THE AUDITOR 3222 GENERAL OF CANADA, PETITION
EXHIBIT 017-047: SCIENCE ADVISORY 3237 REPORT 2010/055, SCIENCE EVALUATION OF INSTREAM FLOW NEEDS (IFN) FOR THE LOWER ATHABASCA RIVER
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INDEX OF EXHIBITS (CONTINUED)
EXHIBIT 017-048: CHAPTER 2, ASSESSING 3238 CUMULATIVE ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF OIL SANDS PROJECTS
EXHIBIT 017-049: OILSANDS ADVISORY 3248 PANEL, "A FOUNDATION FOR THE FUTURE: BUILDING AN ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING SYSTEM FOR THE OIL SANDS"
EXHIBIT 017-050: CANADIAN ASSOCIATION 3262 OF PETROLEUM PRODUCERS, LETTER DATED SEPTEMBER 7, 2012 TO MINISTER MCQUEEN AND MINISTER KENT
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INDEX OF UNDERTAKINGS
DESCRIPTION PAGE NO.
UNDERTAKING 37: MS. MORRISON TO 3177 CONFIRM THAT THE AIRBORNE EMISSIONS REPORTED TO THE NPRI FROM THE OIL SANDS INDUSTRY IN CANADA INCREASED BY MORE THAN 50 PERCENT FOR MERCURY BETWEEN 2008 AND 2010, AND THE SAME FOR ARSENIC AND LEAD
UNDERTAKING 38: WITH RESPECT TO 3178 EXHIBIT 017-037 IN WHICH THERE'S A SLIDE THAT HAS THREE GRAPHS OF NPRI DATA FROM ENVIRONMENT CANADA, TO CONFIRM FOR THE RECORD THAT THEY ARE ACCURATE WITH RESPECT TO MERCURY, ARSENIC AND LEAD
UNDERTAKING 39: TO CHECK FOR A 3192 PUBLICATION FOR 424, 425, AND 427, AND IF THERE'S A FULL PAPER WRITTEN OR A MORE FULSOME RESEARCH REPORT WRITTEN BY THE AUTHORS THAT WOULD BE AVAILABLE TO SUPPLEMENT THE ABSTRACT, TO PRODUCE SAME
UNDERTAKING 40: TO CONFIRM THAT, BACK 3226 IN 2006, THE SCIENTIFIC REVIEW OR EVALUATION UNDERTAKEN BY DFO, RECOMMENDED AN EBF NUMBER
UNDERTAKING 41: WITH RESPECT TO THE 3256 LETTER FROM THE CANADIAN ASSOCIATION OF PETROLEUM PRODUCERS THAT WAS SENT TO MINISTER MCQUEEN FOR ALBERTA AND TO MINISTER KENT FOR THE FEDERAL MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, THIS LETTER WAS SPECIFICALLY ADDRESSED TO "ENVIRONMENT"; THEREFORE, TO ADVISE WHETHER ENVIRONMENT CANADA AGREES WITH THE LETTER'S REQUEST
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INDEX OF UNDERTAKINGS (CONT'D)
UNDERTAKING 42: DR. MORRISON HAS 3261 UNDERTAKEN TO ADVISE WHETHER IT IS A FIRM FEATURE OF THE MONITORING PROGRAM, JOINT FEDERAL/PROVINCIAL MONITORING PROGRAM, NOT TO INCLUDE COMPLIANCE MONITORING AND THAT CAPP'S REQUEST THAT IT DO SO IS NOT CURRENTLY BEING ENTERTAINED
UNDERTAKING 43: ADVISE WHETHER OR NOT 3289 DFO IS GOING TO PROVIDE THE SECTION 35(2) AUTHORIZATION OR WHETHER THAT WILL BE DELEGATED TO ANOTHER AGENCY OR THE PROVINCE
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1 Wednesday, November 14, 2012
2 (8:30 a.m.)
3
4 THE CHAIRMAN: Good morning, everyone.
5 Mr. Lambrecht, I wonder if I could have you
6 come forward, sir.
7 MR. LAMBRECHT: Yes, sir.
8 THE CHAIRMAN: Mr. Lambrecht, media outlets
9 are advising of new or recent work by Environment
10 Canada, in particular, on studies of lakes in
11 Northern Alberta. I don't know if you've seen
12 those reports.
13 MR. LAMBRECHT: Yes, I did.
14 THE CHAIRMAN: I wonder if you could just
15 think about any plans you have for that
16 information. On the face of it, or at least what
17 you can glean from the media outlets, it may have
18 relevance to this proceeding. So I would just ask
19 you to think about that and perhaps get back to us
20 after we're finished with the Métis Nation of
21 Alberta panel.
22 MR. LAMBRECHT: Absolutely sir. Thank you.
23 THE CHAIRMAN: Thanks.
24 Is there any housekeeping? I take it not.
25 Ms. Bishop.
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1 MS. BISHOP: I do have actually one
2 housekeeping matter. Mr. Loutitt asked if he could
3 come back just to clarify some evidence that was on
4 the record at the close of the proceedings
5 yesterday. So Mr. Loutitt is here. He just has
6 maybe a minute or two of clarification, if that's
7 okay.
8 THE CHAIRMAN: Well, it's unusual, but let's
9 go ahead.
10
11 MÉTIS NATION OF ALBERTA - REGION 1 AND THE INDIVIDUALS
12 AND GROUPS NAMED TOGETHER WITH REGION 1 PANEL:
13 BILL LOUTITT (RECALLED AND REMINDED OF OATH)
14 CLARIFICATION EVIDENCE BY MR. LOUTITT:
15 Q. MS. BISHOP: Mr. Loutitt, you can confirm
16 that you are still under oath from yesterday?
17 A. MR. LOUTITT: Yes.
18 Q. So you wanted to clarify some comments about an
19 agreement with Shell?
20 A. Well, I'm not even sure there was an agreement, but
21 like I said, we -- this letter came out yesterday.
22 You know, it's the first time I had seen it. I was
23 the president of Métis Local 1935 at the time.
24 And, you know, we were working hard to try and get
25 the community involved and we felt a lot of these
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1 leaders were individual signing agreements with
2 their businesses and that, so that's why I'm so
3 passionate about this. And we were told that, as a
4 community 1935 could not do a Statement of Concern
5 against Shell because they had an agreement. But
6 that was I believe on the Albian project. We've
7 never ever seen the agreement. But I just wanted
8 to make that clear.
9 Q. So it wasn't relating to this Project?
10 A. No.
11 Q. Or the Jackpine Mine?
12 A. No.
13 MS. BISHOP: Thank you. That's the
14 clarification. Thank you, sir.
15 THE CHAIRMAN: Anything arising?
16 Mr. Denstedt?
17 MR. DENSTEDT: Perhaps, sir, just give me a
18 moment perhaps to speak with Ms. Jefferson.
19
20 FURTHER CROSS-EXAMINATION OF MÉTIS NATION OF ALBERTA -
21 REGION 1 AND THE INDIVIDUALS AND GROUPS NAMED TOGETHER
22 WITH REGION 1 PANEL MEMBER (MR. LOUTITT), BY
23 MR. DENSTEDT:
24 Q. MR. DENSTEDT: Mr. Loutitt, who would have
25 told you that you couldn't file a Statement of
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1 Concern, sir?
2 A. That was -- actually it was Rick Boucher, the
3 vice-president of the region at the time.
4 Q. Shell never indicated that ever to you, did they,
5 sir?
6 A. No, we never heard that from them.
7 MR. DENSTEDT: Great, thank you.
8 THE CHAIRMAN: Thank you.
9 MS. BISHOP: So we appreciate that
10 opportunity, Mr. Chair.
11
12 MÉTIS NATION OF ALBERTA - REGION 1 AND THE INDIVIDUALS
13 AND GROUPS NAMED TOGETHER WITH REGION 1, SECOND WITNESS
14 PANEL:
15 PETER FORTNA (AFFIRMED)
16 CLEM CHARTIER (AFFIRMED)
17
18 MS. BISHOP: I would like to introduce to
19 you our second panel of witnesses, Mr. Fortna and
20 Mr. Clem Chartier.
21 Mr. Fortna is speaking to his material filed
22 in the submissions, primarily under Tab 3,
23 Exhibit 010-006. And the tabs are numbered (a),
24 (b), (c), (d), in the exhibit list.
25 Mr. Fortna has prepared an Opening Statement
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1 and within this Opening Statement he speaks of his
2 education and work experience in the area. If I
3 might pass that out, he's going to go through that.
4 Mr. Fortna, if you want to present your
5 opening statement.
6
7 PRESENTATION BY MR. FORTNA:
8 A. MR. FORTNA: Great. Thanks, Debbie. And
9 thanks, Panel, for having me here today to help
10 with this Project.
11 A little about myself. As I say, I completed
12 a BA in History with a Minor in Museum and Heritage
13 Studies from the University of Calgary. I also
14 completed a Master's of Arts and History from
15 Memorial University of Newfoundland. And I hold a
16 Ph.D., all but dissertation, in History and
17 Classics from the University of Alberta.
18 Based on my studies, I have an academic
19 expertise in Canadian history, Aboriginal history
20 and public history.
21 Since 2008, I have worked with a number of
22 Aboriginal groups in this region, in this region,
23 north-eastern Alberta, I should say, and on various
24 traditional land use projects as well as historical
25 research projects.
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1 Some of the highlights of that include:
2 I spent two years coordinating the Mark of
3 the Métis Project, that book that was presented to
4 the Panel yesterday, I helped coordinate that;
5 I have completed or helped Conklin Métis
6 Local 193 with some of their work;
7 I've completed historical research for the
8 Reserve of Fort McMurray First Nation.
9 I've completed historical research for
10 Mikisew Cree First Nation in preparation for the
11 Total hearing.
12 I've completed historical research for Fort
13 McKay Local 63.
14 I'm in the process of completing Traditional
15 Land Use Studies with the Métis Nation of Alberta
16 Region 1 in partnership with the companies
17 including Altalink, CNRL and MEG Energy, and in
18 addition to that, we're also working on completing
19 a Territory Wide Study so that we can have a better
20 understanding of what's happening in the region.
21 Most recently, we've started working with
22 Métis Local 1909 who you saw a couple of panel
23 members yesterday. The Lakeland district down in
24 Lac La Biche area.
25 Besides my work with just the historical
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1 research, I've also been involved in socioeconomic
2 evaluation and strategic planning initiatives with
3 groups including Athabasca University, Métis Nation
4 of Alberta Region 1, the Fort McKay Métis
5 community, the Fort McKay First Nation, and again
6 Métis Local 1909, and some other groups, too, I'm
7 sure, as my full CV I think is in the submissions
8 so if anybody wants full details they can check
9 that out. And people who don't want to, it's also
10 online. I'm fairly Googleable.
11 In addition to the work I've completed for
12 communities, I attempt where possible to engage
13 with the academic community, completing
14 peer-reviewed books and articles, and also museum
15 exhibits concerning Canadian and Aboriginal
16 history.
17 I've made presentations at academic
18 conferences regarding Métis Environmental
19 Knowledge, or MEK, as it is sometimes referred to,
20 Métis history, especially with regards to
21 traplines, and community-based research.
22 In the coming months I'm hoping to submit at
23 least one peer-reviewed article on Métis
24 Environmental Knowledge in Northeastern Alberta
25 based on the work I've completed with Métis Nation
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1 Region 1, in addition to an evaluation of the
2 Athabasca University of Learning Community's
3 Program; me and my business partner are working on
4 that.
5 Now just moving into the material part of the
6 presentation, so moving past the credentials.
7 Unfortunately because the Métis Nation of
8 Alberta Region 1 was not provided funds to complete
9 an expert report like the other Aboriginal groups,
10 I'll try to provide as best as possible a
11 presentation that will respond to some of the
12 claims made in Shell's Cultural Assessments.
13 I'll also provide evidence of continued Métis
14 use in the region in both the Regional Study Area
15 and the Local Study Area.
16 The presentation is going to draw primarily
17 on material I provided to the Panel as part of the
18 Métis Nation of Alberta submission, but also to
19 material that's been provided by other Aboriginal
20 groups, and material provided by the Proponent, as
21 well as my experience working in the region with
22 Métis groups in Northeastern Alberta.
23 The presentation, I kind of see it, it's
24 going to be divided into three main sections,
25 roughly, and also I have to apologize, this was
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1 written as sort of an oral presentation, so there
2 are a few spelling mistakes and grammar errors, but
3 that's neither here nor there. The presentation is
4 going to be divided into three main parts.
5 First, I'm going do a brief review of the
6 Shell Cultural Environmental Setting Report as well
7 as their Supplementary Information Request Cultural
8 Assessment that is related to material presented by
9 Shell. Pulling the key information from those
10 studies, that, I will argue, clearly demonstrate
11 Métis use in the LSA as well as the RSA.
12 I'm also going to speak about Métis
13 Environmental Knowledge and land use in the
14 regional project area that should have been, in the
15 least, further investigated by Shell to determine
16 the potential impacts that the proposed Project may
17 have on Métis use.
18 In particular, I'm going to look at some
19 historical sources that provide detailed
20 information on historical Métis land use that was
21 publicly available and not consulted by Shell.
22 I'm going provide background information
23 regarding Historic Trapline data, speaking to both
24 their usefulness as well as their limitations
25 demonstrating Métis historic land use.
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1 And lastly, I'm going to speak a little about
2 Métis Environmental Knowledge and that we were able
3 to collect in our limited study and consider
4 potential differences in Métis land use and compare
5 that to First Nations.
6 And I have to be careful here because a lot
7 of this is still potential, because we were not
8 able to complete the studies necessary to do a
9 detailed review, I'm only really able to pull out
10 hints at what Métis land use and how it might be
11 different, but the sad reality is, because Métis
12 groups were not provided funding by Shell, we're
13 still, it's still somewhat nebulous. We're still
14 not sure. I think there is evidence that shows
15 difference, but I think further research really
16 needs to be done on this topic.
17 Yes, so I'm going to move into the first
18 section.
19 In their 2007 Environmental Cultural Settings
20 Report, as Exhibit 001-001J, produced by Golder for
21 Shell, the objectives, particularly with the LSA,
22 and it's listed in Section 3.2.2.1, PDF page 90.
23 The first point is to document historical and
24 current land use, as well as traditional knowledge
25 of the Project development areas in the surrounding
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1 areas by local trappers.
2 Second, to document the traditional land use
3 and traditional knowledge of the Fort McMurray
4 First Nation, the Athabasca Chipewyan First Nation,
5 the Mikisew Cree First Nation, and the Fort
6 McMurray First Nation in relation to the Project
7 Development Areas.
8 And finally, to provide information to help
9 minimize the impacts of the Project on traditional
10 land uses.
11 In addition, the document at Section 3.1.1.2
12 argues that traplines are used for more than simply
13 trapping. And just quoting from the document:
14
15 "From the perspective of
16 evaluation of effects to
17 traditional land use for this
18 Environmental Setting Report,
19 RFMAs, or Registered Fur Management
20 Areas, provide the most appropriate
21 basis for defining a Local Study
22 Area since most traditional
23 activities are carried out on
24 traplines."
25
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1 And then, finally, just in the Shell material
2 in their 2012 Response to SIR 30 in the report
3 Entitled "Appendix 5 - SIR 30, Cultural
4 Assessment". And the exhibit number on that is
5 Exhibit 001-051R, and it's on page 18 of the
6 report, 23 of the PDF. They state that:
7
8 "Members of the Fort McMurray
9 Métis Local 1935 have trapped,
10 hunted and fished in the larger
11 area, which includes the Jackpine
12 Mine Expansion...", and that "While
13 information regarding the Fort
14 Chipewyan Métis Local 125 was not
15 available, this assessment assumes
16 the patterns are similar to those
17 of the ACFN and MCFN."
18
19 And I think my evidence is going to show that
20 members of the Métis Local 1935 did more than trap
21 just in the Regional Study Area, they in fact
22 trapped within the Local Study Area, so that's a
23 misrepresentation.
24 And then I'm also going to show evidence that
25 members from the Fort Chipewyan Métis Local used
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1 more than. There is the potential that their land
2 use is different and I think that potential in the
3 least warranted further study by Shell and by
4 Golder.
5 While I do agree with ACFN's experts,
6 specifically Dr. McCormack, that the approach taken
7 by Golder in these assessments was, in the least,
8 problematic, I don't think it's productive to
9 engage in a discussion of those deficiencies.
10 Instead, because I think she already did that, it's
11 on the record, I don't think I need to reiterate
12 that.
13 Instead, I want to focus my analysis on the
14 facts and facts grounded in the historical record
15 that I believe show Métis people used the land in
16 both the Local Study Area and the Regional Study
17 Area.
18 Additionally, I will draw upon evidence
19 provided in our limited traditional land use
20 research which shows, I think, Métis people
21 continue to use the land in the RSA and the LSA,
22 and that's Regional Study Area or Local Study Area,
23 and that they have specific concerns with the
24 development in the region that should have been
25 examined in more detail by the company.
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1 First, when examining their first goal that
2 was stated earlier, which purports to document
3 historical and current land use, I think Golder, in
4 essence, reduces and compresses the history of the
5 landscape by removing traplines from their
6 historical context.
7 And I'm going to just, as an aside here,
8 speak a little bit to what I mean.
9 And it's funny, it came out actually when
10 Shell's counsel brought up this point in that the
11 Golder Report, it starts with the current trappers.
12 It doesn't look at the history of those traplines.
13 Therefore, in the report's eyes, as soon as a white
14 person buys a trapline, all that knowledge that
15 used to exist from the Métis community or even
16 First Nations community for that matter,
17 evaporates. It's not evaluated by Golder. And
18 there's lots of evidence that shows that Métis
19 people still have interests in those landscapes
20 even though Golder seems to reduce it to just a
21 white person owns that line.
22 Just going on, on that point, I would like to
23 say, on the record again, I found it somewhat
24 ironic that Shell's counsel would ask ACFN's
25 experts about the history of ownership of trapline
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1 1714 without including such a history in either
2 their 2007 or 2012 Cultural Assessments.
3 Furthermore, I found it strange that they would
4 think that such an analysis is valuable in one
5 case, on trapline 1714, but not valuable in another
6 case of another trapline in the Local Study Area,
7 2331, which was identified in the 2007 Report,
8 Section 3.4.6, page 126, to be owned by Victor
9 Amiot, a non-Aboriginal trapper. Even though on
10 the same page, in Section 3.4.6.1, is explained
11 that the line was purchased in 1987. And further
12 down on the page, the report does not know whether
13 the previous owner was Métis, even though Shell's
14 counsel, through their questions of the ACFN
15 experts, seems to assert that such a lineage is
16 important when understanding traditional land use
17 history. Facts one would have thought should have
18 been included in either the 2007 or 2012 Reports.
19 And just to refresh the memory of the Panel,
20 if I can find my laser, this was the area that Barb
21 was of course, Barb Hermansen was talking about and
22 she was talking about her dad, Edmond Ducharme, who
23 used to own this trapline. So we're talking about
24 this trapline here.
25 Adding to the confusion is the fact that the
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1 Golder Report in Section 3.4.6.1 explains that the
2 previous owner of the line was Edmond Ducharme, who
3 left a cabin full of old artefacts that the current
4 owner was not interested in fixing up. And this is
5 of course the cabin again that Barb was speaking to
6 when she -- that was the cabin that she was raised
7 in. That's an important place to her. And she was
8 not talked to about by Shell.
9 Had, for example, Shell, or Golder maybe more
10 accurately, completed the additional research, for
11 example had they visit the Provincial Archives and
12 looked at some of the evidence that I have provided
13 in my tabs, they would have come to understand that
14 that line was owned by Edmond Ducharme and that had
15 they gone and questioned anybody who is related to
16 Edmond Ducharme, they would have found that that,
17 in fact, was an important Métis area, and that many
18 Métis people, along the river, stopped there. It
19 was an important cultural place. And because of
20 the approach used by Golder and by Shell, that
21 history got erased. It was not presented to you as
22 the Panel to make a decision on. And I don't think
23 that's fair.
24 Like I said, had they, they would have found
25 out, they would have -- Mr. Ducharme's family and
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1 they would have met Barb Hermansen, who spoke so
2 eloquently yesterday about how she was raised on
3 the trapline, and continued to have interests on
4 the land.
5 Specifically they might have learned that
6 Edmond Ducharme was born in Lac La Biche mission,
7 that the family made their living from trapping,
8 hunting and fishing, that it was a small family but
9 they got their work done, that her father was a
10 fiddler, that he was a true Métis, that his
11 grandfather was Antoine Ducharme, he was Michif,
12 which is of course an important cultural
13 distinction; those are people who actually spoke
14 the Métis language, and had a French and Cree
15 lineage who had originally come from Winnipeg.
16 They would have learned that he homesteaded on the
17 south shore of Lac La Biche, and later became known
18 as Plamondon. And that he even remembers the
19 covered wagons coming from Michigan over later
20 years.
21 You know, this is an important history that
22 should have been included in these reports.
23 Furthermore, had Shell chosen to interview
24 Ms. Hermansen about this trapline, and not just
25 Ms. Hermansen, but we'll say Johnny Grant, too, who
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1 of course family -- we're not quite there, but he
2 had the trapline right here just above on there. I
3 don't know if we can scroll up. You know, directly
4 above the Project area, that's where he was raised.
5 He was raised with Barb, they were friends growing
6 up, and they knew each other. They would have
7 learned, had they interviewed members of the
8 MacDonald family, you know, this is the same
9 MacDonald family that this island that has been
10 reduced to MacIsland, that's where they were
11 raised. That's where they grew up, that's where
12 they had traplines.
13 Had they done more interviews, they would
14 have found out that the Oakley family directly
15 across from the Project area and where the Pierre
16 River is and where Barb currently has a trapline,
17 was an historic Métis family that has important
18 areas.
19 They would have found out that the
20 Desjarlais, another historic Métis name.
21 I mean, this is historic Métis territory.
22 And that is not included in the report. And it's
23 sad.
24 They would have also learned that areas
25 around McLennan Lake, Firebag River, and other
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1 areas, even Kearl Lake, these are all important
2 areas to Métis people and they would have found --
3 like Barb was even telling me yesterday about grave
4 sites that she feels exists along the northern
5 shore of McLennan Lake. And these are things that
6 are not included in the report. And unfortunately,
7 because we didn't have the funds to complete a
8 project-specific Traditional Land Use Study, that
9 information is not going to be provided to you to
10 make your decision, determination. And potentially
11 we don't know what's going to happen to those
12 sites.
13 Additionally, Barb mentioned yesterday about
14 the pitcher plant. She was explaining how on
15 McLennan Lake is one of the few places in the
16 region that you can collect that plant. And it's a
17 very important plant for Cree medicines and stuff.
18 Again, as far as I know from reading the other
19 reports, that information wasn't collected.
20 And I think somebody from the ERCB or from
21 Canada was asking yesterday, "how is Métis land use
22 different." Well, I've just provided three
23 examples of how it might be different and why Métis
24 people should have been included in this Project,
25 besides Fort McKay.
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1 In addition to the information not explored
2 by Golder in the Cultural Assessment regarding
3 trapline 2331, there's additional historical
4 information in the report that had it been
5 completed, would have come to the conclusion that
6 Métis people have specific concerns about the
7 impacts that are going to happen within the LSA.
8 Just moving along that point, I just want to
9 now speak to on page 88 of the Golder Report.
10 There's a cabin identified as:
11
12 "Castor's old cabin, a point of
13 significance on the southern shore."
14
15 And then I think again it's mentioned in the
16 Faichney section of the report. I don't think I
17 cited it here.
18 Unfortunately, the Golder Report does not
19 provide any explanation about this cabin or who the
20 Castor family was or their potential connection to
21 the Local Study Area.
22 So I guess it's going to be up to me to
23 provide a little bit of that background to the
24 Panel.
25 Had Shell chosen to complete a full review of
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1 the material that is publicly available, and we'll
2 get into that, it's in a lot of my tabs, so I'll
3 touch on that in a few minutes, they would have
4 found out that the Castor family is in fact another
5 historic family from the Fort McMurray area who
6 used to use the area in question, with members
7 still alive to speak about that use. In fact, I'm
8 jumping ahead a little bit, but William Castor I
9 was able to talk to him over the weekend, and I
10 have old letters from the 1970s when he was the
11 president of the Métis Local in Fort McMurray,
12 writing to the Government of Alberta and writing to
13 the Métis Nation asking for the same rights that
14 First Nations have. So you can't say Métis people
15 from this area were not doing that, they've been
16 doing that for 40 years and they've been ignored
17 for 40 years as development's been happening. Ever
18 since the GCOSs. And this is your opportunity to
19 make sure that their voices become heard.
20 I think it's important for the record to
21 speak a little to the history of the panel about --
22 they would have found out is an historic Métis
23 family who used to use the area in question, with
24 members still alive to speak about that use.
25 I think it's important for the record.
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1 The Métis folks do have interests in the area
2 that Shell and Golder should have taken seriously
3 and should have included in their EIA, and later,
4 SIR.
5 Further, I'll demonstrate, that both Golder
6 and Shell were, or at least should have been, aware
7 of Métis use in the area, and that I don't know if
8 it was a willing choice or just a -- I don't know.
9 That's for Golder to answer. But I don't know why
10 they didn't include this information in their
11 study.
12 Let's go back a little bit. 1996. The
13 Northern River Basin Study. One of the few
14 baseline studies completed that included
15 traditional knowledge in the region.
16 It's cited in the Golder Report in kind of
17 their annotated bibliography, Section 3.3.2.3,
18 pages 97 and 98. In that, Golder summarizes the
19 Northern River Basin Study as being:
20
21 "... less specific and
22 detailed than that generated by
23 other studies."
24
25 With:
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1
2 "Fewer respondents actually
3 living from the land and lower
4 proportions of the respondents
5 reported participation in their
6 traditional practices, such as
7 hunting, trapping or use of the
8 land as a source of income."
9
10 Interestingly, as far as I can tell, Golder
11 did not look at any original transcripts from the
12 study in either of their reviews.
13 Had the company completed a more thorough
14 undertaking, reviewing the original transcripts,
15 which are on the public record, they would have
16 found a great deal of information, particularly
17 about William Castor and his family's use of the
18 area in and around the Project area.
19 And just to give a code so people can see
20 this interview, we'll get to it in my tabs, but
21 it's 010-006, page 662 is where page 2 starts.
22 Specifically, had that research been done,
23 they would have found out that Mr. Castor was born
24 75 miles north of Fort McMurray on what is Sled
25 Island. And if we can scroll down on the computer,
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1 I'll show the Panel where Sled Island is.
2 I think it's the next map.
3 I'll just explain it. Sled Island is
4 directly across from the Project area. That's
5 where Mr. Castor was born. He's 85 now, so I guess
6 in the late 1930s (sic).
7 Unfortunately, it's really too bad. William
8 wanted to come, but he hasn't been well, he's been
9 in and out of the hospital, so he wasn't able to
10 come and provide his own information, but he asked
11 me to say, and if anybody has any concerns that I'm
12 not being truthful in that representation, he said
13 he's more than willing to sign an Affidavit saying
14 that what I'm speaking is the truth. And we can
15 show him the transcripts if anyone has any
16 concerns.
17 They would have learned that Mr. Castor's
18 family used the area throughout the 1930s, if not
19 before, actually. He was explaining to me how his
20 father used to have a farm in Plamondon and used to
21 travel north to trap over the winters. And then
22 until, they had a hired hand and that hired hand
23 did a poor job on the farm and then his animals
24 died over that one winter and then so they just
25 picked up everything and, you know, completed the
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1 move north.
2 I think maybe it's one more down, Debbie, the
3 project-specific. Sorry. So furthermore, yeah,
4 this is it here. I do believe. So it's right
5 here. That's, see Sled Island, and it's directly
6 across from McLennan, well, not directly across,
7 but directly across from trapline 2331.
8 The Castors is also identified in the
9 Ducharme book as a key Métis family in the area.
10 And it's identified in the Golder Report by, I
11 guess it was identified by the Faichney family as
12 having a cabin on that line, the old Castor cabin.
13 Just going down, had they completed an
14 interview with Mr. Castor themselves as part of
15 this Project, they would have learned that
16 Mr. Castor's family used to trap in the area that
17 was to become the Faichney line and that Mr. Castor
18 continued to have contact with those families and
19 an interest in the area long after he left. And
20 the reason their family left was they wanted,
21 Mr. Castor, they wanted him to able to go to
22 school, so they moved to Fort McMurray and got a
23 trapline closer to Fort McMurray. But I mean they
24 still had strong connections throughout the area
25 and continued to travel the Athabasca River.
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1 Actually, Mr. Castor worked in Fort McKay for many
2 years delivering water and continued to stay in
3 close contact with the Beaver family, the Felix
4 Beaver family for example. Even, he was telling me
5 a story about later on Mr. Beaver actually offered
6 to sell Mr. Castor back the trapline, but
7 Mr. Castor was working so he was unable to take
8 advantage of that.
9 Additionally, had Shell or Golder carefully
10 reviewed the Métis Local 1935 letter that was
11 submitted into evidence yesterday, I think it's
12 Exhibit 010-025, they would have learned that the
13 Castor family had concerns about these projects.
14 And those concerns are documented on a map about
15 the Project. Instead, I guess, because that
16 Statement of Concern was not accepted by the
17 Government of Alberta, Shell felt it didn't need to
18 follow up with Métis Local 1935 to complete a
19 project-specific review to understand how the
20 Castor concerns would be impacted by the Project.
21 In a map produced on that SoC letter,
22 Statement of Concern letter, as well as statements
23 in that letter, it is clear that Mr. Castor and his
24 family are members of the Metis Local in Fort
25 McMurray and have legitimate concerns located in
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1 the LSA that, in the least, deserved further
2 research to better understand so they could have
3 potentially been mitigated or accommodated.
4 Upon discussion with Mr. Castor in
5 preparation for this hearing, he confirmed that
6 Shell did not speak to him about his use of the
7 Project area and that he's concerned about what's
8 going to be happening to his family's former home.
9 He also stated that he'd very much like to purchase
10 a trapline in the area, but he says he's talked to
11 people and it's just too expensive now, people want
12 too much money.
13 And it's funny, just the processes -- and
14 I'll get into that a little bit in my tabs -- the
15 way that it works now, people who do legitimately
16 want to go back to the land or whatever, and
17 because of the way the trapline system is
18 structured, once a trapline is sold, once a former,
19 whether it being Métis or First Nations line is
20 sold to a white person, the opportunities to buy
21 those lines back are virtually non-existent. I
22 think they were telling me, right now, traplines in
23 that area or other areas, when they do become
24 available, which is not often, sell for upwards of
25 $35,000. And it's just not feasible for Métis
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1 families who have often been pushed. And like I
2 said, I'm jumping ahead a little bit.
3 As I mentioned earlier, it's unfortunate that
4 Mr. Castor is too ill to testify for himself, but
5 over the weekend, he asked me to confirm these
6 facts and he specifically asked me to ask Shell to
7 come speak to him before they initiate this Project
8 so that he can express his concerns to them
9 directly. And I think it's unfortunate that I have
10 to come here to speak to the Panel to ask Shell to
11 do the right thing and talk to Mr. Castor. That's
12 extraordinarily disappointing that this is what
13 it's come to. And I hope the Panel makes the
14 changes necessary so that Métis people don't feel
15 like they have to come through processes like this
16 to fully engage with the companies that are going
17 to be affecting their communities.
18 Finally, in preparation for the hearing,
19 myself and our team completed a number of
20 interviews with Métis people from throughout the
21 region, so they might have a chance to express
22 their concerns about the impacts of the potential
23 project. The majority of these people attended the
24 hearing and provided their evidence yesterday. And
25 I don't think it's for me to talk about that. I
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1 think they did a darned good job yesterday showing
2 the evidence. And it's also in our submission and
3 available for review.
4 As you're aware, they talked about caribou in
5 the area, something that Shell says doesn't exist.
6 They talked about plants in the area, and special
7 plants in the area that, you know, weren't included
8 in Shell's Cultural Assessments.
9 Anyways, it's just frustrating.
10 The Métis, the panel was represented with
11 Métis people from throughout the region, including
12 Lac La Biche, Anzac, Fort McMurray and Fort
13 Chipewyan.
14 Through the interviews, it became clear that
15 Métis people had a number of concerns about the
16 proposed Project, including worries about water
17 issues, concerns about how the Project may impact
18 harvesting of animals, fish, plants, berries,
19 medicines, concerns about access to the areas,
20 needing keys to travel through the region, concerns
21 about historical resources, specifically the
22 potential destruction of historic cabins and grave
23 sites, and a general mistrust due to the lack of
24 meaningful contact between Shell and area
25 harvesters.
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1 It was also clear that they didn't know about
2 some of the key elements of this Project, including
3 the Muskeg River diversion. They didn't know it.
4 And also the planned tailings ponds or the
5 end pit lakes, they didn't understand that Shell
6 was planning to put these major end pit lakes on
7 the land.
8 And this was even more concerning. It's not
9 even so much that these things were happening, it's
10 that they didn't know it was going to be happening
11 on their land. And it scared them. And because
12 I'm not an expert in the field, and because the
13 Métis were not able to hire experts to communicate
14 this to them, that just raised the issues, made the
15 issues all the more scary, made the issues all the
16 more frustrating. And made the Métis people feel
17 like they are totally -- they have no power in this
18 process. I think it was expressed best by one of
19 the community members when he said he feels
20 helpless. He feels like there's nothing he can do.
21 And there's no places for him to go because nobody
22 will listen to him. And I think that was expressed
23 yesterday, that feeling was expressed yesterday by
24 this panel on all levels from leadership to
25 harvesters.
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1 And I think this point is I think the real
2 telling spot was when, I think it was you,
3 Mr. Cooke, who asked Ms. Jefferson, "Can you
4 express what the Métis concerns were?" And
5 Ms. Jefferson couldn't answer. She couldn't
6 provide any specific concerns that Métis people
7 had. And I find that very telling. I think what
8 it speaks to is the lack of meaningful engagement
9 that's existed between Shell and the Métis
10 communities in the region.
11 Further to this point, I think it speaks to
12 the fact that there isn't capacity in the region so
13 Métis people can express their concerns in a
14 meaningful way.
15 While I think it's great that Fort McKay was
16 able to partner with the First Nation, I think that
17 point's important to note the reason that Fort
18 McKay is included is because of that partnership
19 with the First Nation, and it's debatable how they
20 would have been included. But that's neither here
21 nor there, that's probably not for this Panel to
22 decide. But it is a partnership between Fort McKay
23 First Nation and Fort McKay Métis. And I think
24 it's great that they were included. But why wasn't
25 Fort Chipewyan included? Why wasn't Fort McMurray
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1 included? Why wasn't Métis Nation Region 1
2 included? Those are just questions that continue
3 to ring in my head. I've been working on this file
4 for two years helping, and why haven't they been
5 included?
6 At best, all we can do now is point to the
7 historical facts. And I think in Golder's own
8 reports and in Shell's own reports, had they gone
9 beneath the surface, had they done even a little
10 bit of further research, had they even talked to
11 one Métis person from Fort Chipewyan or one Métis
12 person from Fort McMurray, many of these facts
13 would have come out. And it would have, I think it
14 would have changed the study and it would have
15 changed this whole process. But it's unfortunate.
16 And when I talk about talking to Métis people, I'm
17 not -- it's good that they talk to the political
18 representatives and it's good that they talk to
19 Jumbo and it's good that they talk to
20 administrators. But I think we need more than
21 that. We need to get to a place where these
22 communities can hire their own experts so they can
23 understand what the potential impacts of what these
24 projects are.
25 And to give a good poignant example. I've
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1 been working for the Métis Nation of Region 1 for a
2 little while, primarily on project-specific items,
3 and I've been helping them where I can on some of
4 this regulatory, and this is fairly recent. I'm
5 doing that half time. I work for, I have other
6 clients as well, I work for a number of people.
7 I'm one-half-time employee and they have one
8 administrator who is there to primarily answer the
9 phones, trying to engage with industry throughout
10 the region.
11 Meanwhile, I also do work for Fort McKay.
12 There, I'm one consultant out of approximately 20.
13 And they also have an approximate staff of 10
14 people who represent both the First Nation and the
15 Métis.
16 And this is the difference that these Métis
17 communities -- and you heard it from Jumbo
18 yesterday, too, he's a volunteer. And
19 Mr. Plamondon is coming to him and dropping off CDs
20 and binders and saying, "Here, Jumbo, let us know
21 if you have any concerns. And, if you don't, you
22 know, that's it." Right. And that's just not
23 fair.
24 Anyway, that's it for my Opening Statement.
25 And I think what we're going to do now is go
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1 through some of the evidence. I gave you guys lots
2 of light reading over the last couple of weekends,
3 so I think I should probably go through some of it
4 and explain why it was included.
5 Q. MS. BISHOP: So, Mr. Fortna, you've
6 included with your report a bibliography under
7 Tab 3 of our submissions, the submissions of the
8 Métis Nation Region 1 and all. And that is
9 Exhibit 010-006. Can I just turn you to that tab.
10 That's Tab 3.
11 A. Yes.
12 Q. Can you discuss the sources that you've cited and
13 that you've provided within.
14 A. Sure. Just generally, and I should say, too, this
15 is just with the lack of capacity and the inability
16 to perform a full literature review or even a full
17 study, these were sources that were close at hand
18 that I included. There are many, many other
19 sources that could have been drawn upon, but this
20 is just to give the Panel a sense of the material
21 that was available and that wasn't, by and large,
22 consulted by the Proponents when preparing their
23 work.
24 The first piece here in the secondary sources
25 is a report completed by Dawn Balazs, and it's
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1 called:
2 "A Short Analysis of the
3 Transfer of Natural Resources to
4 Alberta in 1930 and a Preliminary
5 Study of the Registered Trapline
6 System."
7
8 And it's available at the University of
9 Alberta library.
10 And, actually, this would have been a really
11 good report last week when everybody was getting
12 into a debate about what traplines were and what
13 they weren't and whether they can show traditional
14 use or whether they can't show traditional use.
15 Because what Ms. Balazs does is she follows the
16 history of the trapline system and how it gets
17 registered. And one of her biggest points is that,
18 while the trapline system can be helpful to show
19 traditional land use, it's not the only way to show
20 traditional land use. What it also says is the
21 trapline system did restrict -- and this came out
22 in some of the ACFN evidence -- but it did restrict
23 Aboriginal people's ability to use the land because
24 what the Alberta Government's approach was was
25 taking what used to be communal areas -- and if we
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1 bring the map back up, if we can go back to the
2 first one -- you can see all these different
3 families on multiple traplines. And that's a
4 better way to understand.
5 I mean, the Athabasca River was really -- if
6 you want to talk about Métis homeland, that's the
7 homeland is the river itself, and that's where
8 Métis people lived. And sure, there were
9 traplines, but everybody had cabins all up and down
10 and they visited each other and they trapped
11 together. And that's a better understanding of the
12 system. And the trapline system was quite
13 artificial in that it forced individuals to own
14 lines.
15 Family members, they continued to use it and
16 they continued to work together often and they
17 continued to travel together and use the land,
18 but -- so that's all in the report. And I think it
19 would be useful for everybody, particularly
20 everybody who has been -- seems like a lot of this
21 last two weeks have been focused on traplines, but
22 I think before anybody can have a meaningful
23 informed discussion about traplines, they should
24 really read that report.
25 The second item I have on there, and that is
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1 Tab, it's on Tab (e). And this was a report
2 completed for the AOSERP project back in the late
3 '70s. And when I say AOSERP, it's Athabasca Oil
4 Sands Environmental Research Program. It was a
5 report completed. And the interesting thing, and I
6 just pulled out a couple of specific pages from it.
7 And it's Tab (d) if you have the hard binder. I'm
8 not sure which page it is on the PDF. The
9 interesting thing is it talks about the origins of
10 trappers in the region around 1978. And this is on
11 the first page. And it has 80 trappers based out
12 of Fort McMurray, 31 to 34 trappers based out of
13 Fort McKay, and 15 based out of Anzac. They were
14 completed for this study.
15 Then if you flip the page, it identifies 66
16 of those trappers as being Métis at the time of the
17 report, clearly demonstrating again a continued
18 land use in the region by Métis people.
19 And then some of the other pages continue
20 just to demonstrate that fact that Métis people
21 were key members of that trapping community and key
22 users of the land.
23 We have the 1935 Mark of the Métis. I think
24 we've gone through -- do we want to go through that
25 report again?
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1 Q. Perhaps if you want to talk about your role in that
2 in the interviews.
3 A. Sure. Bill alluded to it last night. But how I
4 first came up to this region was Métis Local 1935
5 hired me to coordinate The Mark of the Métis
6 project. It was still a very green project at the
7 time. They weren't quite sure what they wanted.
8 They knew they wanted to document the history of
9 Métis people in the region.
10 So that's where I undertook to complete a lot
11 of this primary research reading a lot of these old
12 historical reports, finding those old historical
13 trapline maps, et cetera, that helped demonstrate
14 continued Métis use in the region.
15 Additionally, I completed the majority of the
16 interviews for that project as well. Sometimes
17 multiple interviews with people, which, again,
18 helped me to have a better understanding.
19 One thing that has become clear, and it's
20 clear, too, in the historical reports, that the
21 Métis commissioned by Mr. Anuik and Mr. Tough as
22 well as another report in my tabs, is that there is
23 in my mind an historic Métis community. And this
24 is a lot of what yesterday's testimony hinged upon.
25 And in my mind, that historic community extends
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1 kind of from, well, this map doesn't show it very
2 well, but extends from Fort Chipewyan down to
3 Lac La Biche, in my mind. And further study needs
4 to be, further studies need to be completed to
5 verify that fact, but just simply following the
6 names of people and doing genealogy. And that's by
7 and large -- Clem could speak to this in a few
8 minutes -- but that's how these regional
9 communities that are part of a much larger
10 community have been defined, and it's often through
11 genealogical connections.
12 And even if, I've spent a bit of time, and we
13 spent a bit of time yesterday, talking about the
14 Ducharme family and Edmond Ducharme. Well,
15 originally he was from Lac La Biche of course, and
16 married a woman from Fort Chipewyan. And that's
17 just a prime example of the existence of that
18 community.
19 Now, in terms of consultation, that's not for
20 me to figure out. Maybe not even for Shell to
21 figure out. But it's my job as a historian to say
22 that that is what is, in my mind, what the historic
23 community is.
24 Additionally, I took some exerts from
25 Patricia McCormack, who you already met today, and
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1 she kind of speaks to the existence of this
2 community. Her evidence, I mean, she -- it needs
3 to be understood her thesis is focused primarily on
4 Fort Chipewyan, so that's where her evidence comes
5 in. But what she does say, though, is that there
6 is a lot of Métis people moving up from Lac La
7 Biche, particularly in the 1930s, but those people
8 moving from Lac La Biche, it's not -- less of an
9 invasion and more of a chain migration, I would
10 call it. They are moving to talk to people or they
11 are meeting families that are already living in
12 Fort Chipewyan. And it's not to say, too, and we
13 have a report, the Wood Buffalo Report that also
14 speaks to this, many of those families also
15 connected in Fort McMurray. So it's the whole way
16 up, Conklin, everybody is interrelated going that
17 whole corridor.
18 Q. Mr. Fortna, if you could just note what Tab you
19 were referring to with respect to Patricia
20 McCormack's material.
21 A. Sorry, that was tab, I guess it's tab (e).
22 Q. I just want to correct for the record, the exhibit
23 that Mr. Fortna is referring to is 010-004 (sic)
24 (d), [should read 010-006], and within that tab
25 there are also tabs labelled with letters.
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1 A. Oh, I'm sorry. I only have the one in front of me
2 that has the letters. I apologize. Where was I?
3 You should never give an historian a venue and a
4 captive audience.
5 Well, here is some stuff I haven't talked
6 about that's included. I have made mention to it,
7 and this is in tab (a) of my report. It's the
8 historic trapline maps.
9 Again, this was gone through a lot yesterday.
10 It was gone through in Ms. Hermansen's book,
11 talking about the different families and
12 particularly all the Métis families that have areas
13 of interest within the Project.
14 Talked about that report already.
15 Oh, another report or this was a debate --
16 Q. Sorry, Mr. Fortna, what tab are you referring to?
17 A. Tab (c). I apologize. I just get so excited.
18 Tab (c), it's the 1933 Session of the Alberta
19 Legislature of the Agricultural Committee,
20 April 1st, 1933. And they are having a specific
21 debate about traplines.
22 Interesting things in this is that they talk
23 specifically about "half breeds," and I put that in
24 quote because that's what Métis people were
25 referred to at the time, and how many are in the
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1 north and how they are going to be impacted by such
2 changes to any legislation that's going to move
3 from the permit system to the trapline system.
4 In tab (g), that's where I include a number
5 of interviews from the Northern River Basin Study.
6 I made specific reference to the interview that was
7 completed with William Castor as part of this.
8 There are a number of other interviews, one with,
9 for example, Grant Golosky who was the president of
10 the Métis Local at the time. They all speak to
11 land use in the RSA, and that would have been very
12 valuable to have it included in the Project study.
13 Sorry, that was tab (g) and tab (f) has those
14 interviews. Well, has two of the interviews, one
15 with Grant Golosky and one with Real Martin.
16 I included an interview more just to show
17 that this information is available. This was an
18 interview completed as part of the Treaty and
19 Aboriginal Rights research. It was done
20 approximately through the early 1970s. And it was
21 done with primarily First Nations people but also
22 Métis people. And a number of those interviews
23 talk about land use and talk about Métis land use.
24 I've included an interview with Julian Gladue and
25 in this interview Julian speaks about using the
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1 land I think down south all the way to the
2 Northwest Territories and just speaks a little bit
3 about the extent of Métis land use in the area.
4 We've got research findings again from the
5 Métis Archival project, and again Mr. Chartier is
6 going to speak a bit about that, because his
7 group's been involved with that as well. And in
8 this specific report, we look at who are the
9 historic families in the Wood Buffalo area. This
10 is another report that's referenced in the
11 Statement of Concern letter from earlier. And what
12 this report shows is that there's a number of Métis
13 families that historically used the region.
14 And that's tab (i) in my report.
15 Tab (k), it's another interview with a Métis
16 Elder. Ray Michael, who is also known as Ernie Ray
17 Michael, he's originally from Fort Chipewyan, lived
18 in Fort Chipewyan in 1994. He currently lives in
19 Fort McMurray. And is a member of the Métis Local
20 1935. He used the river and used the lake. He was
21 quite the fisherman. And, again, showing both
22 mobility and use of area in the Project-specific
23 area.
24 Similar story for Reggie McKay, he used to
25 live in Fort Chipewyan. And was interviewed by
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1 Fred Fraser.
2 I have another report in here by James
3 Parker. This is, again, I think it was referenced
4 in the Golder Report, to be fair. This is one of
5 the better studies. It was done, again, for the
6 Athabasca Oil Sands Environmental Research Project.
7 And it's at Tab (l). This study, it does a good
8 job. There's also an accompanying oral history
9 study. And that's mentioned in Tereasa Maillie's
10 research. And again, another source that Shell
11 could have looked at for their Project Study is the
12 original interviews, and they were all held at the
13 University of Alberta archives, freely available.
14 And a specific one that would have been
15 extraordinarily valuable, and again, neither here
16 nor there, it's just important information, but
17 they interviewed a Shott who is the mother of Henry
18 Shott who was one of the key trapline holders in
19 the area. And in that would have been a great deal
20 of traditional land use information that could have
21 been included in the report that wasn't.
22 On tab (m), I've got some files from the
23 Provincial Archives of Alberta. And what it is is
24 it's files detailing one person's historical
25 trapline. Unfortunately, at the archives there are
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1 only files from cancelled traplines so it somewhat
2 limits the ability. But these same files exist on
3 every trap report and a FOIP request would provide
4 all this information. So if, for example, Shell or
5 Golder wants to do a detailed study believing that
6 traplines are the key to understanding areas, what
7 should happen is they should do a FOIP request on
8 each of those reports, and had they done that, they
9 would have, a few pages in, you'll see a map, this
10 one is about the Steepbank and details a number of
11 cabins and details a great amount of traditional
12 land use information, this information would be
13 available. Had it been, unfortunately I would have
14 loved to do it, I would have loved to include it in
15 a Métis-specific study, but unfortunately we
16 weren't provided the funds, so that didn't happen.
17 More specifically, what this also shows, you
18 can see William Castor is one of the members. It
19 shows use in the Regional Study Area. Also by the
20 Shott family, who used to live over by where
21 Syncrude Towers are before they built the towers
22 and basically bulldozed him out of that area.
23 And lastly, but definitely not leastly, and I
24 encourage everybody to read this interview, one
25 completed with William Castor and his late wife
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1 Gertie Castor, who I've already referenced.
2 And I think that's it for my historical
3 evidence.
4 Q. So in preparing the portions of the submission
5 filed in this matter, how many trappers did you
6 interview specifically?
7 A. Oh, I think it was approximately ten.
8 Q. And did you interview John Grant?
9 A. Yes.
10 Q. And do you know if he has a lease on the trapline?
11 A. Yes, that's what he told me.
12 Q. For his homestead?
13 A. Yes.
14 Q. And do you know, did you interview Mike Guertin?
15 A. Yes.
16 Q. Did he tell you anything about having a lease on
17 his trapline?
18 A. Yes, I think he said he has approximately a
19 two-acre lease. I think a lot of trappers in the
20 area, they have 99-year miscellaneous lease where
21 they can have a cabin and plant a garden, those
22 types of things. And the majority of the trappers
23 who I spoke to had such leases, if they were asked,
24 yes.
25 Q. Now, you mentioned Golder and you mentioned The
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1 Mark of the Métis project, were you familiar with
2 Mr. Goodjohn who was a member of the Shell panel?
3 A. I've met him briefly I think at the launching of
4 The Mark of the Métis project. But besides that, I
5 haven't had much, if any, contact with him. I was
6 aware that Golder was working on the project. And
7 I have actually spoken to another researcher who
8 was involved, yes.
9 Q. So that information would have been available to
10 Mr. Goodjohn?
11 A. I would certainly hope so. I mean, Mr. Goodjohn
12 was the project manager of the book. I mean, if we
13 flip to the actual book to the acknowledgment page,
14 he is listed as a key author. And furthermore,
15 there's Shell employees who are editorial advisors.
16 So it's somewhat surprising that all that
17 information, particularly information around
18 McLennan Lake, didn't find its way into the Shell
19 study or that Shell didn't at least ask 1935, you
20 know, if they could use it.
21 Q. Thank you, Mr. Fortna.
22 I'll turn now to Mr. Chartier, who has
23 travelled here late into the evening last night
24 from Ottawa, after returning from a trip to Peru
25 only a few short days ago. So thank you,
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1 Mr. Chartier, for travelling.
2 You are the president of the Métis National
3 Council?
4 A. MR. CHARTIER: Yes, that's correct.
5 Q. Can you explain to the Panel what that organization
6 does and who they represent?
7 A. Yes. Organization I suppose is one way to refer to
8 it. We tend to refer to ourselves as the
9 "Representative Government of the Métis Nation" and
10 the body that does represent the Métis Nation is
11 the Métis National Council.
12 The Métis National Council came into being in
13 1983 after being part of another organization
14 called the Native Council of Canada, now the
15 Congress of Aboriginal Peoples, which was formed in
16 1971 by the three western prairie Métis
17 organizations.
18 Why we formed the Métis National Council in
19 1983 was because of the repatriation of the
20 Constitution from Great Britain to Canada. And the
21 Canada Act coming into force in 1982. There was a
22 provision for a constitutional conference to be
23 called by the Prime Minister to identify and define
24 the rights of the Aboriginal peoples for further
25 entrenchment in Canada's Constitution.
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1 So we felt at that time that, as a Métis
2 people, we needed to have our own voice, and so we
3 withdrew from an association of other Aboriginal
4 peoples to represent ourselves. And that's
5 important to note because the Métis are a distinct
6 people. We of course came into being several
7 hundred years ago after contact between the fur
8 traders in Western Canada and the First Nations
9 populations, particularly the Cree and the Dene,
10 the Obijbwe, and we formed our own distinct
11 society, if I can call it that, with a language,
12 our culture, customs, traditions, and the language,
13 Michif, which was referred to earlier. We had a
14 political consciousness. We formed governments.
15 The first provisional government in 1869/'70 when
16 Hudson's Bay Company was purporting to sell
17 Rupert's Land in Northwest Territories to Canada.
18 Second provisional government in 1885 in the
19 Batoche area of Saskatchewan. And we continue in
20 that mode to this day to represent our peoples'
21 interests.
22 And so the vehicle we have chosen, as I've
23 stated earlier, is the Métis National Council. So
24 that is our Métis Nation government.
25 Q. Now, in your role as president of that
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1 organization, do you have knowledge of what other
2 provinces have done or recently have done in terms
3 of implementing consultation with Métis groups?
4 A. Yes. In my role as head of our Métis government,
5 yes, we do have interactions. And I should just
6 say that after 1870, and I don't have graphics, but
7 the original province of Manitoba was very small,
8 about 50 miles by 150 miles, so we call it the
9 "postage stamp province." So most of our homeland
10 up until that point was not dissected by any
11 provincial boundary. Some fell into a bit of
12 what's now or then Ontario. But primarily it was
13 outside of that then province. And in 1905, of
14 course, we had the Provinces of Alberta and
15 Saskatchewan created, artificial boundaries to our
16 nation. And over the years, our people became
17 organized by province, by provincial jurisdiction.
18 So in this province, you have the Métis Nation of
19 Alberta, and its governance structure. You have
20 the same in Ontario, the Métis Nation of Ontario.
21 The Manitoba Métis Federation, the Métis Nation of
22 Saskatchewan, the Métis Nation of British Columbia.
23 So those five bodies, we call them the
24 governing bodies of the Métis Nation, form the
25 Métis National Council. And the five presidents of
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1 those governing members, along with the national
2 president, form the cabinet or the government, the
3 Board of Governors of the Métis Nation.
4 Now, the role of the Métis National Council
5 is to pursue a land base and self-government as a
6 people. And we do general policy development. And
7 it's our governing members such as the Métis Nation
8 of Alberta that do on-the-ground services, programs
9 and services, the Métis National Council doesn't do
10 that.
11 So in the case of Alberta, when we look at
12 the issue of consultation and accommodation, that's
13 on the ground within this jurisdiction. The Métis
14 Nation of Alberta has its own jurisdiction, similar
15 to the Province of Alberta within Canada, so within
16 the Métis Nation, the Métis Nation of Alberta has
17 its own jurisdiction. There's a bit of a division
18 of powers there.
19 At the national level, as I mentioned, we're
20 in the pursuit of a land base and self-Government.
21 We represent the Métis Nation nationally and
22 internationally, and we pursue broad policy
23 objectives with the Federal Government.
24 And when we're successful, for example in
25 employment and training, that is devolved directly
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1 to the governing member, so there's an agreement
2 between the Federal Government and the Métis Nation
3 generally, and then specifically between the
4 Federal Government and the Métis Nation of Alberta
5 in this case, where they deliver programs and
6 services through what's now the Rupert's Land
7 Institute.
8 So that's how we operate.
9 So in terms of consultation and
10 accommodation, the role that the Métis Nation
11 Council played was more at the policy level with
12 the Federal Government and the policy that the
13 Federal Government came out with a couple years
14 ago.
15 And within the respective jurisdictions, the
16 Métis Nation of Alberta has the responsibility and
17 jurisdiction to look at accommodation and
18 consultation or conservation and accommodation
19 within the Province of Alberta, so that's their
20 jurisdiction. We will give advice. We do have a
21 Métis Rights Panel that examines this. We come
22 together collectively to look at these issues. But
23 in the final analysis, it's the Métis Nation of
24 Alberta Government that makes, you know, decisions
25 within the Province of Alberta.
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1 Q. So I think in summary, you're telling me that, as
2 the president of the Métis National Council and
3 that governing body, you wouldn't directly
4 negotiate consultation policies with the Province;
5 that would be left to the bodies within the
6 provinces, but do you have a general knowledge of,
7 for example, recent negotiations in Manitoba?
8 A. Well, let me start with Ontario in terms of the
9 consultation and accommodation. The Métis Nation
10 of Ontario struck up a good working relationship
11 with the current government, particularly after the
12 success of the Powley case in 2003 in the Supreme
13 Court of Canada. They did negotiate a four-point
14 agreement in terms of harvesting within the
15 province, which has been upheld in the courts. And
16 they have a system of harvester cards, which was
17 agreed to.
18 But beyond that, the province has provided in
19 excess of I believe $2 million to the Métis Nation
20 of Ontario to develop consultation and
21 accommodation policy. And the Métis Nation of
22 Ontario itself is going to its regions and working
23 out agreements between the region and themselves to
24 try to formalize a process internally while they
25 are dealing with the Provincial Government.
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1 And that's been very helpful because it also
2 signals to industry that, you know, the Métis do
3 have, you know, rights, do have to be dealt with.
4 And a prime example is Detour Gold in northern
5 Ontario where they have entered into an impact and
6 benefit agreement with the Métis Nation of Ontario.
7 So it's quite significant that, you know,
8 governments coming to the table acknowledging the
9 Métis, you know, it's significant, it's important.
10 In Manitoba, just recently, and I was there,
11 at the Manitoba Métis Federation General Assembly
12 at the end of September, the Premier of the
13 Province, Premier Selinger, and Manitoba Métis
14 Federation President David Chartrand, entered into
15 an agreement in terms of harvesting. And that's
16 based again on the Powley decision. But through
17 the Goodon case, which held that Métis had hunting
18 rights in basically southern Manitoba, well, from
19 Winnipeg down to the border and across to the
20 Saskatchewan border, so a relatively large area, so
21 they negotiated an agreement, taking up a good part
22 of the province, most of the populated area of the
23 province, where Métis people can engage in
24 harvesting, and not only wildlife and fish, but
25 also of timber or wood for domestic purposes.
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1 And beyond that, it's based on the Métis Laws
2 of the Hunt, the Province will be engaged to help
3 enforce the rules, but the rules that are made by
4 the Manitoba Métis Federation itself. So quite a
5 significant step.
6 In Saskatchewan, I was part of two meetings
7 that the Premier initiated with the First Nations
8 and Métis leadership. And the Province has come up
9 with a policy on consultation and accommodation. I
10 don't remember the details of it now. It's been a
11 couple years ago. And they are still working on
12 making it applicable in this case to the Métis
13 community in Saskatchewan.
14 I'm not too clear as to what's happening in
15 British Columbia because there, the Courts haven't
16 been as -- well, there hasn't been today any
17 successful litigation in British Columbia that
18 would, you know, perhaps encourage the Province to
19 move forward. But I think, you know, they are in
20 discussions as well.
21 And in this province of course you have the
22 witnesses that were up. And I'm assuming they
23 spoke about this aspect of it already.
24 So there is some movement happening. And I
25 know that the Métis Nation of Alberta, the Métis
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1 Nation of British Columbia, do have an interest in
2 major projects. We at the National Council entered
3 into a Métis Nation Protocol in September of 2008
4 with the Federal Government whereby we will engage
5 on a number of issues, including economic
6 development, dealing with the Residential Schools
7 issue, dealing with Métis veterans, dealing with
8 unfulfilled issues with respect to land and other
9 legal rights.
10 Now, to date, we've engaged in economic
11 development. We have a process whereby the Métis
12 Nation is engaged with the Federal Minister, in
13 this case Minister Duncan, and the five Aboriginal
14 Affairs Ministers from Ontario to B.C. It's called
15 the Métis Economic Development Symposium Process.
16 And we've had two meetings at the ministerial
17 level. And at our last meeting in January of last
18 year, we agreed that our officials would get
19 together and negotiate, or not negotiate, but draft
20 a national economic development strategy or policy
21 which would be brought back to principles in 2013.
22 And I just had a meeting with Minister Duncan
23 two weeks ago and we're going to work to ensure
24 that our officials continue this work and that in
25 fact we have, you know, this ec-dev policy brought
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1 to us. And in all of these discussions we also
2 talk about the need to ensure that industry, you
3 know, comes to the table and deals with the Métis
4 in a meaningful way.
5 And in fact we've had not only national
6 meetings, we've had what we call "mini meds." We
7 had one in Grand Prairie in March of this year, a
8 joint meeting between the Métis Nation of Alberta,
9 Métis Nation of British Columbia, officials from
10 the Federal Government and the Provincial
11 Government, and industry, including Enbridge. So
12 we've been having these fairly good discussions.
13 And I believe, you know, we're starting to have
14 traction on this, this whole aspect of inclusion of
15 Métis.
16 But I just want to say one thing and I tell
17 this to the Minister and I tell it to others
18 wherever I have the opportunity: Métis are
19 discounted by industry and governments in all of
20 this. And why are we discounted? I think industry
21 views us as a people without rights. We don't have
22 reserves, except of course in Alberta there's eight
23 Métis settlements. But outside of that, we've been
24 dispossessed of our lands. Our harvesting rights
25 have been denied. And basically the Federal
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1 Government takes the position that the Métis are a
2 provincial jurisdiction or a responsibility of the
3 province, and they say, no, the Métis are a Federal
4 jurisdiction. So we are in a political limbo.
5 And we say of course the Métis Nation, we are
6 responsible for ourselves, but it's the Federal
7 Government that has the jurisdiction to deal with
8 us on a nation-to-nation or
9 government-to-government basis.
10 And just on that, Minister Strahl, who
11 entered into the agreement with us in the House of
12 Commons and elsewhere, has said that this protocol
13 signed with us is signed and our relationship is a
14 government-to-government relationship. So that
15 recognition is beginning to come into place, but
16 it's not there yet, and so we need to continue
17 pushing, pushing that aspect.
18 Q. Now, you mentioned litigation in different
19 provinces. You are also a lawyer?
20 A. Well, I hate to admit it, but, yes.
21 Q. And I know you've read my submissions and there's
22 submissions of my clients and many of those cases
23 that are cited you were involved in?
24 A. Yes, as a lawyer.
25 Q. As a lawyer?
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1 A. Yeah. I should also say, I didn't say this at the
2 start, but I am of course a Métis person. I am
3 from northwest Saskatchewan, a place called Buffalo
4 Narrows. And when the winter road is open, it's
5 only about a two-and-a-half or three-hour drive
6 from here. I know of course my community in
7 northwest Saskatchewan very well. I know a lot of
8 people in northeast Alberta as well. And so I'm
9 not unfamiliar with, you know, this area.
10 I just wanted to make that clear. And yes, I
11 was involved as a lawyer because -- and I'm not a
12 practising lawyer as such. I've mainly been
13 engaged as a legal consultant or in the research
14 aspects of things, and when we were doing our
15 Aboriginal Rights research in the late '70s in
16 terms of promoting our land rights.
17 But one of the Elders finally in 1993 came to
18 me and said, look, you're a lawyer, our people are
19 being charged, you should stand up and defend them.
20 So I did. Our Métis Local in Buffalo Narrows
21 agreed, and I am a member of the Local, and I said,
22 okay, I'll provide my services as long as the Local
23 and the community raises monies for witness travel
24 and for potential reports and so on and so forth.
25 And so we did that. And so throughout about the
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1 next 15 years, we did about six cases in
2 Saskatchewan, all of which I would say were
3 successful.
4 Q. And the reason I bring that up is you mentioned
5 litigation defining the rights of the Métis people.
6 In fact, that is particularly that the rights have
7 been defined in the courts, would you agree with
8 that?
9 A. Well, they are beginning to be defined in the
10 Courts. Again, when we formed the Métis National
11 Council to represent ourselves once again, we took
12 the position that we would go into the
13 constitutional conferencing process as a people and
14 that we would go on the basis of the right of
15 self-determination to a land base and
16 self-government as a people. And that Section 35
17 would be a fall-back. Because when Section 35 was
18 put into the -- well, it wasn't Section 35 -- but
19 when that section found its way into the
20 Constitution in January 1981 through the
21 negotiations of Harry Daniels, the then leader of
22 the Native Council of Canada, we received a letter
23 shortly after that by the then Minister of Justice
24 who agreed to the clause going in and agreed to
25 defining Aboriginal peoples to include the Indian,
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1 Inuit and Métis. He sent a letter to all of us,
2 the national body and the provincial bodies,
3 stating that the funding that we were receiving
4 from 1976 to make our claim was going to be
5 terminated, and that their Justice Department's
6 legal opinion is that any rights that we had to
7 lands or resources were extinguished, and so
8 therefore no need for anymore funding. So that's
9 after they agreed to put our rights in the
10 Constitution.
11 So they said, okay, it's in here and then two
12 months later they said but you ain't got none
13 anyway.
14 So again, we took the position that fine,
15 we'll go into the process. And there were four
16 constitutional conferences in the 1980s. And then
17 the Charlottetown round in 1992. So with the
18 failure of those four conferences and with the
19 success/failure of Charlottetown, and I say success
20 because we were able, the Métis Nation through the
21 Métis National Council, to negotiate a side deal.
22 It's called the Métis Nation Accord which is part
23 of the Charlottetown Accord, which would have seen
24 a land claim process for the Métis, would have seen
25 financing of self-government for the Métis, whereby
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1 we would be getting part of taxes back to run our
2 government, and we would have seen an amendment to
3 Section 91-24 of the Constitution Act (1867) which
4 provides jurisdiction to the Federal Government to
5 deal with Indians and the lands reserved for the
6 Indians. That's where they have the authority to
7 pass the Indian Act. And we're not saying we're
8 Indians as per the Indian Act, we're saying that
9 Indians in 91-24 and 1867, basically is synonymous
10 with Aboriginal peoples. And in 1939 the Supreme
11 Court of Canada in a reference case on the Quebec
12 Government and Federal Government said, yes, Inuit
13 Eskimos at the time are Indians for the purpose of
14 91-24, because the Feds and Quebec government were
15 squabbling over who should assist the Inuit in
16 northern Quebec during the dirty '30s, or that
17 period of time during the Depression.
18 So the only question outstanding is for the
19 Métis. And that will be resolved sometime this
20 year again through the Daniels case in the Federal
21 Court Trial Division, a decision will be coming
22 down at any time.
23 So we were successful in getting that accord.
24 But in the referendum of October 1992, about
25 55 percent of Canadians voted down or voted against
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1 the Charlottetown Accord, which would have
2 accommodated Quebec's distinct society, would have
3 accommodated Alberta's Triple E Senate. And you
4 know, Aboriginal Rights entrenchment in the
5 Constitution, plus the Métis Nation Accord.
6 So at that time, the Métis Nation leadership
7 said, okay, we failed in the political process,
8 there's no conceivable opportunity to get back to
9 the Constitutional table, for a long time, and in
10 fact we haven't yet, it's almost, well it's 20
11 years. So we said, okay, we'll take our fallback
12 position, which is Section 35. And so starting in
13 1993, we started defending our people in the courts
14 and we've had these ultimate victories, like I say,
15 in Powley in 2003 and these various cases in
16 Saskatchewan and Manitoba.
17 Q. Now, and that's where I was getting to. There was
18 some discussion here yesterday with the Panel and
19 our witnesses, the witnesses, my clients, and your
20 clients as well, or your --
21 A. Constituents.
22 Q. -- constituents, that's the word I was looking for.
23 Thank you. About how one would determine who the
24 governing body is that would need to be consulted.
25 And there was some questioning I think from the
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1 Panel. And I'm just wondering if you could address
2 that and perhaps bring it back to how the courts
3 have determined that.
4 A. Well, how the Courts have determined that, your
5 last question, I'm not sure that the Courts have
6 determined that. But I do know that in the one
7 case, the Métis Nation of Labrador, which they no
8 longer call themselves Métis anymore, but anyway,
9 they did at the time, the Courts did say that their
10 organization was a proper body to be consulted. So
11 that took care of that aspect of it.
12 Q. And that was the government, the governing body?
13 A. Well, that was the -- well, I wouldn't say the
14 government. It was their organization.
15 Q. Okay.
16 A. We're a government, they're an organization.
17 Q. Okay.
18 A. Anyway, yes, so that -- but in terms of the Métis
19 specifically, I don't believe there's any court
20 decision. I don't follow all the cases as well. I
21 don't really have time to do that anymore. I don't
22 think I can point to a case that says this is the
23 proper Métis community or group of people to be
24 consulted.
25 What we do is, as I mentioned before, the
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1 Métis Nation of Alberta in this province has the
2 jurisdiction to work out that particular issue
3 within this province. And I'm not sure if they
4 have actually come up with any kind of agreement.
5 I know they've had discussions in terms of
6 consultation and accommodation, but I don't know if
7 they have an actual agreement amongst themselves.
8 How we look at it, and I'll just use again
9 the 1980s as a prime example, when we were looking
10 at negotiating a land base and self-government, we
11 produced papers, the Métis Nation itself, and our
12 position is that our local communities, or
13 community's a tough word, too, because the Métis
14 Nation is one community. I mean, you can go to
15 regional community, you can go to local community.
16 So one has to be careful with that terminology.
17 However, we believe strongly that our
18 community-level governments have to be fully
19 engaged. We believe, at the next level, the
20 regional level, must be fully engaged, and we
21 believe the provincial level needs to be fully
22 engaged.
23 Our preference stated at the time, and I
24 don't think abandoned yet, is that we develop a
25 national policy which will give general guidance,
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1 and within that, each governing member,
2 jurisdiction, will come up with what works best for
3 them within their jurisdiction and the governments
4 that they are dealing with. And they will have,
5 again, you know, some broad principles that would
6 be in place.
7 And at the regional level, they would also
8 have guidelines and policies that would flow from
9 the general policy. And at the community level,
10 you would have the same.
11 What we don't want to do or what we don't
12 want to see is what has happened in the past with
13 the scrip system. And I don't want to get into
14 that as well.
15 But basically our people, starting in 1870,
16 were dealt with as individuals, not as a
17 collective, okay. We have collective rights as a
18 people, but the government, the Federal Government
19 chose not to deal with us as a collective. They
20 individualized our nation and they provided land in
21 individual ownership, fee simple ownership, per
22 person. And in that way, they dispossessed us of
23 our lands. And we're challenging that. I won't
24 get into that, but that's another story.
25 So we don't want that to be repeated. We
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1 don't want to see industry or anybody else coming
2 into our communities individually and saying, you
3 know, we'll settle with you on this. You know, we
4 don't want to be fragmented. We need to have a
5 cohesive approach. This is why we need a
6 provincial policy, a regional policy, and local
7 policies, which, you know, are complimentary.
8 And we went so far as to say as well back in
9 the '80s that on these negotiations that at least
10 at the local level you'd have regional, potential
11 regional representation or provincial
12 representation to ensure consistency. But these
13 things still need to be worked out.
14 One of the big problems we have is the lack
15 of capacity. I heard some, you know, somebody say,
16 CDs and stuff were dropped off. I was the
17 president of the Métis Nation of Saskatchewan from
18 1998, February, to basically January 2004 when I
19 moved up to the national level. And we'd get boxes
20 of stuff delivered to us. We wouldn't even open
21 them because we had no capacity to do so. We had
22 no money to hire anybody to look at this stuff.
23 So, you know, and it's really all I can say
24 on that.
25 And we'd get, you know, every month or every
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1 few weeks, envelopes from the Province saying, you
2 know, "We're going to change these guidelines.
3 We'd like to consult with you on this." We had no
4 capacity to look at that either.
5 And I don't think that's changed at all. I
6 know at the national level, we get letters and we
7 have nobody in our office that can look at this
8 stuff.
9 So if that's happening at the national level,
10 and if that's happening in our provincial office,
11 at least when I was there in Saskatchewan, what
12 about the community level? I know people get
13 letters. I mean, they are volunteers. Some have
14 jobs, some don't, but they volunteer their time.
15 And they get all this material and, you know, what
16 can they do with it. I mean, often they don't even
17 understand what's in it because they don't have the
18 education to be able to read that or the technical
19 knowledge to read it if, you know, if they do have,
20 you know, high school or even some university
21 education, some of it is quite technical. So it's
22 a very big issue.
23 So we do need to ensure that, in this
24 province, the government of the Métis in this
25 province has an involvement in what takes place at
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1 the community level, but the community certainly
2 has to be the ones that benefit, and have to be
3 involved, and engaged at every step of the way.
4 But not be left in isolation to, you know, perhaps
5 not do what's in the best interests of the
6 community as a whole.
7 Q. I think those are all the questions that I have for
8 you, Mr. Chartier. I really do appreciate you
9 flying in almost immediately from getting back from
10 Peru, so we do appreciate that.
11 A. Thank you.
12 THE CHAIRMAN: Thank you.
13 Mr. Lambrecht, do you have any questions.
14 MR. LAMBRECHT: Thank you, sir. I have no
15 questions of this particular panel.
16 THE CHAIRMAN: Thank you.
17 Shell? Mr. Duncanson?
18 MR. DUNCANSON: Thank you, Mr. Chairman. We
19 do have just a few questions.
20
21 CROSS-EXAMINATION OF MÉTIS NATION OF ALBERTA - REGION 1
22 AND THE INDIVIDUALS AND GROUPS NAMED TOGETHER WITH
23 REGION 1, SECOND WITNESS PANEL, BY SHELL CANADA,
24 BY MR. DUNCANSON:
25 Q. MR. DUNCANSON: I'll start with just a quick
Realtime Connection [email protected] 3056
1 question for Mr. Chartier.
2 Can you confirm for me, sir, whether you've
3 in fact reviewed the Application for this Project
4 and the Consultation Logs between Shell and the
5 various Métis communities?
6 A. MR. CHARTIER: All I can tell you is the
7 only thing I've seen is this pretty little pamphlet
8 or booklet.
9 Q. Thank you.
10 Mr. Fortna, a few questions for you and
11 perhaps it would be easiest if you pull up that map
12 that shows the various traplines that you were
13 referring to. I can talk about something else
14 first.
15 Mr. Fortna, you talked a fair bit about
16 consultation between Shell and Local 125 and Local
17 1935. And my understanding is that there were, in
18 fact, a number of meetings between Shell and each
19 of those Locals. And perhaps we could just run
20 through a list of some of those meetings and you
21 can confirm for me, sir, whether, first of all, you
22 were aware of the meeting and secondly, whether you
23 have reviewed the meeting notes from that meeting.
24 I'm simply just trying to understand what
25 information you used to develop the opinions that
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1 you relied on.
2 So starting with Local 1935, are you aware,
3 sir, of the meeting --
4 MS. BISHOP: Which exhibit are you
5 referring to? We should provide it to the witness.
6 MR. DUNCANSON: I'm in fact just listing off
7 a series of meeting dates.
8 MS. BISHOP: From which exhibit number,
9 please?
10 MR. DUNCANSON: I'll pull that up.
11 Q. While we're locating that exhibit number, I see
12 that the map that I was referring to is up on the
13 screen, so maybe we'll start with where I was
14 planning on starting originally.
15 A. MR. FORTNA: Sure.
16 Q. You talked a lot in your Opening Statement about
17 McLennan Lake?
18 A. Yes.
19 Q. Can you just identify for me where that is, sir?
20 A. Sure.
21 Q. Okay, that's that lake there. Is that the same as
22 McLelland Lake, is that the same lake?
23 A. I would presume. Yeah, I think that's just a typo.
24 Q. Okay. And perhaps, Mr. Fortna, can you just
25 identify for me on the screen where your
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1 understanding of the Local Study Area for the
2 Project is?
3 A. Roughly -- well, it's a little below.
4 Q. Okay, so the area including McLelland Lake?
5 A. M'mm-hmm.
6 Q. Okay. You mentioned a gentleman by the name of
7 William Castor; is that right?
8 A. That is correct.
9 Q. And you stated, I believe, that Shell did not speak
10 directly to Mr. Castor, but that's not quite
11 correct, is it, sir?
12 A. That's what William told me over the weekend.
13 Q. Okay, so you're presumably not aware of a meeting
14 between Shell and various local 1935 Elders on
15 December 8th, 2008?
16 A. Right.
17 Q. Including Mr Castor himself as well as his late
18 wife, Diane Hamelin, Elsie Yanik, Anne Michalko. I
19 hope I pronounced that right.
20 A. Ann Michalko.
21 Q. Ann Michalko, Dana Lacorde, Marlene Cardinal,
22 Walter Cardinal, Richard Grolosky?
23 A. Galosky.
24 Q. You're not aware of that meeting, sir?
25 A. No. And to be honest, I guess to be fair, neither
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1 was William Castor, so clearly that meeting did not
2 leave an impression on him.
3 Q. So he didn't tell you, sir, that he actually raised
4 concerns about his trapline at that meeting and
5 there was direct dialogue between him and Shell,
6 you're not aware of that?
7 A. No, I didn't, but it would be nice to see the
8 minutes from that meeting so that I could confirm
9 that fact with Mr. Castor.
10 Q. Yes, we can certainly provide that in rebuttal.
11 A. Because I think what happens often is these
12 meetings happen and project-specific concerns are
13 not fairly addressed. And it's just not right.
14 Q. Okay, thank you for that. So I think we'll deal
15 with the details of these meetings in our rebuttal.
16 But we'll be able to provide the exhibit after the
17 break and we'll deal with that then.
18 So, Mr. Fortna, can you pull up the Métis
19 Nation of Alberta's October 1st Submission.
20 A. Just bear with me. I'm just having some technical
21 issues. All right, I'm there digitally and in
22 paper, so.
23 Q. So that's Exhibit 010-004A. And I'm looking
24 specifically at Adobe page 15, which shows map 3.
25 A. And what's the page number?
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1 Q. Hard copy page 11.
2 A. And it starts 26 map 3, is that what you're looking
3 at?
4 Q. Yes, that's right.
5 So my understanding, sir, is that the various
6 numbers underneath this map, that provides a bit of
7 a summary of some of the various concerns that are
8 outlined in the response or in the submission?
9 A. M'mm-hmm.
10 Q. And there were just a few that I was a little bit
11 confused about, so I'm hoping you could clarify.
12 One is a statement that says (as read):
13
14 "The water quality of the
15 Athabasca River is a key concern of
16 Métis Nation of Alberta Region 1
17 and is at risk if the Jackpine Mine
18 Expansion is approved."
19
20 Do you see that?
21 A. Which number was it again, sorry?
22 Q. So that's under number 3 under the map.
23 A. Yes, I do see that.
24 Q. So, Mr. Fortna, can I take it you did not read
25 Shell's May 2012 Submission, Appendix 1,
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1 Exhibit 001-051F?
2 A. I think the reality is I read a lot of material for
3 this Project. A second reality is Shell did not
4 provide capacity to the Métis Nation of Region 1 to
5 perform a technical review of the material.
6 Therefore, what we are recording here is largely
7 looking at the study area and what the Elders'
8 concerns were. I mean, this stuff should have been
9 done in 2007 with the communities' Elders so that
10 we could have had a meaningful dialogue and
11 collected that technical information. And to be
12 honest, I'm not a scientist either, so even my
13 reading of it is largely a layperson's reading of
14 it. I'm an historian by training, therefore I,
15 myself, and the Elders have concerns about that.
16 And about how this Project is going to impact the
17 Athabasca River.
18 Q. Okay, so would it be fair to say, then, sir, that
19 the statement in that submission that says that the
20 water quality will be at risk if the Project is
21 approved, that was not based on Shell's May 2012
22 Submission; is that fair?
23 A. That's fair.
24 Q. Okay. And another thing that I just found a little
25 bit confusing, and the map kind of shows this as
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1 well, but it appears as though several of the
2 concerns in the submission are, in fact, related to
3 the Pierre River Mine project and not the Jackpine
4 Mine Expansion. And you see that specifically with
5 item five under that map. Is that fair to say?
6 A. I don't think that's totally fair. I think
7 community members are worried about how the Shell
8 Jackpine Project is going to impact both sides of
9 the river and the area more broadly. And because
10 we haven't had the capacity to complete technical
11 reviews to fully understand what the impacts are
12 from the Métis perspective, I think there's a lot
13 of concerns.
14 For example, Mr. Guertin yesterday spoke
15 about how odours are impacting flight patterns of
16 birds. We don't know how the odours that are going
17 to be produced by the Shell Jackpine Project are
18 going to travel and how they are going to impact
19 animals on the other side of the river. That's
20 just one example of how we're concerned about this
21 Jackpine Project.
22 And the reality is the community members
23 don't understand what those impacts are.
24 Q. So sir, maybe let's just look specifically at that
25 item 5 under the map, and you talk about:
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1
2 "... blocking of access for
3 Métis harvesters to existing bush
4 trails into traditional
5 Gardiner-Namur Lakes, Hunting and
6 Fishing and Gathering Areas."
7
8 You see that?
9 A. That's Namur Lake, by the way.
10 Q. And you agree with me, sir, that that is a concern
11 that is not related to the Jackpine Mine Expansion,
12 that is only related to the Pierre River mine
13 project?
14 A. To be fair, I don't know. Because we don't --
15 Q. You don't know --
16 A. Because we haven't had the meaningful dialogue with
17 Shell to understand exactly what these impacts are.
18 Q. Okay, thank you, sir.
19 And the last question I'll have on this page,
20 it's actually item 1 under the map. And you say:
21 "If McLelland Lake is drained for the Jackpine Mine
22 Expansion," do you see that?
23 A. M'mm-hmm.
24 Q. Okay, so again, sir, presumably when that statement
25 was made, that was not made having familiarity with
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1 Shell's May 2012 Submission --
2 A. No, no --
3 Q. -- which clearly states that "there will be no
4 cumulative effects of the Project on McLelland
5 Lake."
6 A. Again, Métis Nation Region 1 nor the majority of
7 the member Métis Locals had capacity to complete a
8 technical review of the Project, therefore their
9 concerns are largely lay concerns of the community
10 members and they have many concerns about McLennan
11 Lake, some of which were outlined in
12 Ms. Hermansen's testimony and other people's
13 testimony.
14 And it's sad that you're questioning me on
15 this material without providing the capacity to
16 perform a technical review of the material.
17 Q. So last issue, sir. I'm going to go through that
18 list of meeting dates, and we don't have an exhibit
19 number for that, we're going to address that in
20 rebuttal, but perhaps I could just run through a
21 list of meeting dates and you can confirm for me
22 whether you're aware of a meeting on that date.
23 A. I'd feel a lot more comfortable looking at this
24 with an exhibit number.
25 MR. DUNCANSON: So, Mr. Chairman, perhaps we
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1 could take our break for the morning now and we'll
2 finish our questions after the break.
3 THE CHAIRMAN: Well, it's about the right
4 time. I have 10:16 and we'll be back in
5 20 minutes.
6
7 (The morning adjournment)
8
9 THE CHAIRMAN: Could you take your places,
10 please.
11 MS. BISHOP: Mr. Chair, if I may before my
12 friend finishes his cross-examination.
13 I was advised over the break that the
14 document that my friend wanted to cross on isn't on
15 the record.
16 And I was also advised that there's a
17 potential that Shell intends to introduce documents
18 relating to consultation in the rebuttal. And I
19 just want to put my concerns on the record early in
20 this matter, because I think it's pretty clear from
21 anyone that has read our submissions filed on
22 October 1st, prior to Shell's opportunity to
23 provide rebuttal evidence, that my clients, all of
24 them, including Métis Local 135 and Local 125 as
25 well as the region, had strong concerns about the
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1 level of consultation in this process.
2 Now, my friend can clarify, but it seems to
3 me that their intention, that I've been advised of,
4 is to provide documents relating to logs and that
5 type of evidence in rebuttal. And I suggest that
6 that is not the time to be providing new evidence.
7 Especially when the issue was clearly identified in
8 our submissions and Shell had an opportunity to
9 reply to those submission and they chose not to at
10 that time.
11 So we haven't raised any specific meetings.
12 We haven't raised any concerns. I did
13 cross-examine Shell's panel extensively on the
14 level of consultation. And they did address it in
15 their cross and in their direct evidence and upon
16 questioning from me on behalf of my clients.
17 So I guess the other thing that I wanted to
18 raise as a concern is that I have asked my friends
19 to provide me with any documents if they intend to
20 produce, which I likely will object, but if they
21 intend to do so, I think I should have an
22 opportunity to review those well in advance.
23 THE CHAIRMAN: Any response to that,
24 Mr. Duncanson?
25 MR. DUNCANSON: Sure, Mr. Chairman. Just to
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1 clarify, the information that we were referring to
2 that we were hoping to cross-examine on was simply
3 a compilation of material that's already on the
4 record in several different exhibits and we had
5 simply rolled it up internally into community by
6 community. And so that's information that we may
7 be presenting by way of rebuttal. It's not new
8 information. It's simply a different way of
9 presenting information that's already in the
10 Consultation Logs.
11 THE CHAIRMAN: Thank you. Go ahead, sir.
12 MR. DUNCANSON: So I guess on that note,
13 Mr. Chairman, given that the records that we were
14 hoping to refer to are in several places on the
15 record, I'm not going to take Mr. Fortna through
16 each of those this morning. And, rather, I think
17 what we'll do is we'll have Ms. Jefferson and
18 Mr. Plamondon speak to that by way of rebuttal
19 later this week.
20 Q. But, Mr. Fortna, just in fairness to you,
21 Ms. Jefferson and Mr. Plamondon are going to be
22 responding to your evidence that there has been no
23 meaningful consultation with the Métis Locals, and
24 in fairness to you, sir, if you have any comments
25 that you'd like to provide right now on that, feel
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1 free to do so.
2 A. MR. FORTNA: I guess my meaningful comment
3 will be or my comment would be, I'm just thinking
4 back to our cross-examination of Shell by
5 Ms. Bishop, and when she asked Shell how much money
6 they provide to the different IRCs and Shell
7 explained that that was a confidential agreement.
8 But then under Shell's cross-examination of ACFN,
9 they talked about some of those funds that were
10 provided to ACFN. That was the first time that we
11 had a clear understanding of how much money was
12 provided for consultation. And, for example, I
13 think I'd have to go back to the record to get the
14 specific amounts of money, but ACFN was provided, I
15 think the number was $160,000, for capacity in
16 order to meaningfully consult with ACFN (sic), as
17 well as additional monies provided to complete
18 project-specific studies, et cetera.
19 While there are good neighbour agreements
20 with some Métis Locals, not all, and not with the
21 Métis Nation Region 1, those are more general
22 agreements and often tied to project-specific
23 issues, and they don't provide the capacity
24 necessary to meaningfully consult.
25 And, again, I go back to Ms. Jefferson's
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1 response to Mr. Les Cooke when asked "What are the
2 concerns of the Métis?", and she could not produce
3 one substantive concern. And that worries me
4 working for the Métis Nation of Alberta and Region
5 1, and it should worry the Panel, because Métis
6 people do have concerns, they have substantive
7 concerns, and clearly Shell doesn't know what those
8 concerns are. And it worries me that this Project
9 potentially could get approved without knowing what
10 those concerns are.
11 And I guess what we're asking for is the
12 ability to come to a table at an equal playing
13 field so that we can have a meaningful discussion
14 about mitigation, impact benefits, et cetera,
15 potentially avoidance, find out what the Métis
16 concerns are, and potentially try to address those
17 concerns in a meaningful way. And that can only
18 happen if Métis people are provided the capacity
19 necessary to fully understand the impact of not
20 just Shell, all the projects in the region.
21 And I guess that would be my comment back.
22 Q. Just the last question for you, then, sir, have you
23 reviewed the Consultation Logs that Shell's put on
24 the record for this Project?
25 A. I only saw one brief one, I think. I've looked at
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1 some, but, I mean, like, like you were saying
2 earlier, they are mismatched everywhere and it's
3 very difficult to get a concrete idea of the
4 consultation.
5 I mean, the best version that I was able to
6 review was that 48-page document talking about
7 Shell's consultation where they spend 46 pages of
8 that 48-page document talking about their
9 consultation with First Nations and exactly
10 one-and-a-half pages with Métis communities, all of
11 the Métis communities in the region. And it
12 worries me that Shell believes that that is the
13 same as their meetings with the First Nations, and
14 believe that their consultation with Métis equals
15 their consultation with First Nations.
16 Q. So specifically, Mr. Fortna, have you reviewed the
17 Consultation Logs in Exhibit 001-006A?
18 A. Just let me bring that up. I see 001-061, is that
19 what you're talking about?
20 Q. 001-006A.
21 A. Oh, sorry. I was looking at 61.
22 Q. I think that starts at PDF 92.
23 A. Just bear with me while it opens up. If it opens
24 up. Do we have a hard copy, Deb? I'm at
25 1 percent. It must be a big document.
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1 Q. There were lots of meetings, sir.
2 A. Yes, we're still at 10 percent, so this is going to
3 take a while.
4 Q. Well, sir, perhaps I can just pass you a hard copy.
5 This is starting at PDF page 100. This is an
6 excerpt. So, Mr. Fortna, this is just one of a few
7 sets of Consultation Logs on the record covering
8 the years 2007 to 2009. Can you just confirm for
9 me, sir, that you've reviewed those?
10 A. I would say at some point I probably reviewed them.
11 Flipped through them. The reality is we weren't
12 provided the capacity to perform a technical review
13 or any other type of review for this Project, so
14 it's really hard to say that I reviewed them in
15 depth, if in any depth at all.
16 Q. Mr. Fortna, you're making, you're giving evidence
17 on the lack of meaningful consultation between
18 Shell and the local Métis communities. Don't you
19 think, sir, it would have been a good idea to
20 review the actual Consultation Logs to make that
21 opinion?
22 A. Can you please refer me to some specific pages and
23 or specific items in that document for which you're
24 referencing?
25 Q. Sure, so maybe flip to the fifth page of that
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1 document, which I believe is Adobe page 105?
2 A. Perhaps you need it back so we can get the specific
3 reference.
4 Q. Hard copy, page 5-22, do you see that?
5 A. No, I don't. Okay.
6 Q. Do you see item 25 on that page, sir?
7 A. Yes, I do.
8 Q. And this is just one example --
9 A. Actually, I'd like to talk about this example, if
10 that's okay.
11 Q. Please do.
12 A. If I remember correctly, this was a meeting that
13 was referenced earlier by Bill Loutitt and I was
14 actually in attendance at this meeting. It was
15 when I think Shell, if I remember correctly, I
16 mean, there isn't, there wasn't a lot of
17 information on this, but it was an orientation.
18 And to the best of my knowledge, Shell came and
19 provided a document -- can you pass me that
20 document there, Clem -- not unlike this, describing
21 what the Project was. And just in really
22 non-technical terms and non-specific terms.
23 Furthermore, after that, I think, if I
24 remember correctly, Shell brought in a bunch of
25 tubs of bitumen and provided toys to Elders and
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1 they played in the sand to build their own oil
2 sands plant. And I'm presuming this is what you're
3 speaking about when you talk about "meaningful
4 consultation with the Métis."
5 Q. Mr. Fortna, I was just trying to establish, sir,
6 that you've reviewed the consultation records for
7 this Project and that that was the basis for your
8 conclusion that there was a lack of meaningful
9 consultation. And I think I heard you say, sir,
10 that you had skimmed some of them and you had
11 reviewed some of them, but there were so many that
12 it was hard to keep track?
13 A. That's fair. But this was a meeting that I was
14 part of, so I can speak specifically to, so.
15 Q. Okay.
16 A. That's just, I thought that was important for the
17 record and important for the Panel to know what
18 happened at that specific meeting.
19 MR. DUNCANSON: Thank you, Mr. Fortna.
20 Thank you, Panel. No further questions.
21 THE CHAIRMAN: Thanks, Mr. Duncanson.
22 Mr. Perkins?
23
24 QUESTIONS OF MÉTIS NATION OF ALBERTA - REGION 1
25 AND THE INDIVIDUALS AND GROUPS NAMED TOGETHER WITH
Realtime Connection [email protected] 3074
1 REGION 1, SECOND WITNESS PANEL, BY THE ERCB BOARD STAFF,
2 BY MR. PERKINS:
3 Q. MR. PERKINS: Yes, just a couple questions,
4 panel. First probably for you, Mr. Fortna, we've
5 seen a number of maps and other material in the
6 presentation. One question we have is the maps or
7 the material that indicate the presence of cabins
8 on traplines or in trapping areas, does the
9 material distinguish between cabins that are
10 historical and cabins that are in active use?
11 A. MR. FORTNA: I think some of the Shell
12 material does. In terms of our material, no, we
13 don't make that distinguishing factor. Had we had
14 funds to complete a more thorough Traditional Land
15 Use Study, including ground-truthing, that would
16 have been, that we would have been able to provide
17 that information. But because we didn't have that
18 capacity, we were limited in what we could provide
19 to the Panel.
20 And I really would have liked to provide the
21 level of detail, say, that Mikisew Cree or ACFN or
22 Fort McMurray First Nation Métis provided, but the
23 reality is, I mean, I'm not even sure we're going
24 to get paid for the work we did. It was largely
25 over weekends and perhaps as a volunteer. I guess
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1 we'll see at the end of the day, because I'm
2 working for completely under-capacity
3 organizations.
4 Q. Okay, so just to be clear, then, the MNA's material
5 doesn't make that distinction, and you didn't have
6 the ability to do that work, so you couldn't
7 provide it either?
8 A. That's correct.
9 Q. All right, thank you.
10 And, Mr. Chartier, I wanted to ask you a
11 question about Crown Consultation. I know you said
12 you're legally trained but you're not a practising
13 lawyer. And just to be clear, I'm not asking you
14 to give a legal opinion when we go down this road,
15 but just state from your own experience in your
16 leadership, I guess, whether you're comfortable
17 answering the question, okay?
18 So would you agree with me, sir, that Crown
19 Consultation is owed to the Aboriginal community as
20 a whole, it's owed to collectives?
21 A. MR. CHARTIER: What's the last part?
22 Q. It's owed to collectives?
23 A. Yes.
24 Q. It's not owed to individuals. Okay.
25 A. That's correct.
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1 Q. And you understand, I assume, that Region 1
2 represents Métis from an area of Alberta that
3 ranges from as far south as about Lac La Biche all
4 the way up to the Northwest Territories border, you
5 understand that?
6 A. I do.
7 Q. Okay. Within that region, in your opinion, what is
8 the proper person or organization to assert the
9 rights afforded under Section 35 to a Métis
10 community?
11 A. That's a very broad question. I could answer it in
12 a number of ways. Let me start by saying this, I
13 mentioned earlier about the scrip system and that
14 there is a challenge to it. I'm from northwest
15 Saskatchewan. In 1994 we filed a Statement of
16 Claim in Court of Queen's Bench for the whole of
17 northwest Saskatchewan claiming unextinguished
18 Aboriginal title and rights to the lands and
19 resources. And I also mentioned that in 1906 there
20 was an artifical boundary created by the state.
21 And so our Statement of Claim currently only
22 extends to the Alberta border, but there's nothing
23 stopping us, and we've been discussing this, from
24 actually moving and taking in north-eastern Alberta
25 as part of our traditional homeland, because,
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1 again, the provincial boundary does not change the
2 fact of our existence as a people on the land. So
3 that's something that needs to also be taken into
4 account.
5 And we also know that the people from
6 Lac La Biche, Île-à-la-Crosse, Saskatchewan, Green
7 Lake, are primarily part of a regional community,
8 which was established in one of the Court cases in
9 Saskatchewan, and that extends up to La Loche and
10 arguably takes in of course Fort McMurray, and
11 quite likely Fort Chipewyan.
12 So you're asking me to describe an area
13 that's even smaller than what I believe is the
14 community that is impacted by this particular
15 Project, if we take it as a community, and those
16 that have a mark on the land.
17 But certainly on a smaller regional basis, I
18 would say that, yes, Region 1 represents an
19 impacted community and they do have to be involved.
20 But at the same time, the villages or the local
21 communities also have a, you know, are being
22 impacted and also have to have a meaningful role
23 within this whole process. But I do not see that
24 it should be fragmented much beyond the regional
25 level but with significant input and involvement by
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1 the people on the ground that are being, you know,
2 directly affected.
3 Q. So let me try this. And, sorry, thank you for the
4 answer. I just want to go one step further. I
5 don't know if there's a local in Lac La Biche, I
6 assume there's a local in Lac La Biche. Do you
7 think that their interests and their potential,
8 sorry, the way this Project could potentially
9 affect them would be materially different from the
10 way that it may affect a Local from Fort Chipewyan?
11 A. Well, and again, the term Local is one that
12 unfortunately I think we adopted from the labour
13 movement. And basically there are community, Métis
14 communities, and in some cases the Métis community
15 is the dominant community in some of these
16 villages. Now, I can't speak in terms of Alberta,
17 I'm not that familiar with it, but I know in
18 Saskatchewan, the villages there are Métis
19 villages, but we still say we have Locals within
20 them when the whole village is Métis. And I assume
21 Lac La Biche and Conklin and some of these others
22 are in the same situation.
23 I think there are degrees of being affected
24 but I don't know the history well enough to say
25 that people in Lac La Biche will not be impacted.
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1 But certainly, if one uses common sense, if you're
2 right in the middle of a, you know, if you're right
3 in the middle of an expansion or of an activity,
4 you're more directly affected than those that are a
5 hundred miles away. But that doesn't mean that
6 those that are a hundred miles away are not also
7 affected because they also have, you know, the
8 traditional use to that particular area but not
9 possibly as concentrated a use.
10 And let me give you an example. In
11 Saskatchewan, we have the Primrose Lake Air Weapons
12 Range, which covers Saskatchewan and Alberta.
13 There's two small Métis villages beside the bombing
14 area on the Saskatchewan side, Jans Bay and Cole
15 Bay, and you have Métis villages of Île-à-la-Crosse
16 and Beauval. I would assume that those two Métis
17 villages that are right beside the range that had
18 part of their trapping fur block areas taken would
19 be more impacted and so perhaps they should be
20 dealt with in a way that compensates for their
21 direct losses. And, again, although the Métis in
22 Île-à-la-Crosse and Beauval also use the area for
23 trapping and fishing, they were not necessarily on
24 the ground all the time as were the nearby
25 villages. But in a sense, in a way, they would
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1 still be affected.
2 So I guess there needs to be a graduation of
3 impacts and that's something again that, what I
4 mentioned earlier, the policy that needs to be
5 developed by the Métis Nation of Alberta,
6 provincially and regionally and locally, has to
7 take these into account. It's certainly something
8 that we all have a common interest in addressing.
9 Q. I know, Mr. Fortna, you want to respond. I just
10 wanted to follow one point up with Mr. Chartier.
11 A. MR. FORTNA: Sure.
12 Q. In your response, as I understood you, you
13 discounted the suggestion that the Local speaks for
14 the community. You said the community, that is the
15 discussion should be with the community. Who is
16 going to speak for the community?
17 A. MR. CHARTIER: Okay, again, the community is
18 described or can be defined very broadly. You have
19 the Nation. Then you have in this province the
20 Métis Nation of Alberta governance. Then you have
21 the regional community. And that doesn't determine
22 the rights either. These are administrative
23 boundaries, like Region 1 is an administrative
24 boundary. You know, the rights-bearing regional
25 community could be smaller or could be larger. And
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1 I'm not going to make that determination now.
2 But then you have the on-the-ground village
3 peoples, like Fort Chipewyan, you say, or Fort
4 McKay. They also form a local community, Métis
5 community.
6 Now, they must be involved as well. They
7 have to of course speak for themselves. But they
8 speak for themselves within the context of the
9 regional community and the provincial community.
10 So there is a collective voice, but all voices
11 within that collective must be heard, and
12 accommodated. And this is why there is a need for
13 policies internally and policies externally with
14 governments, in this case the Provincial Government
15 of Alberta. Which I know does not yet have a
16 policy in place.
17 I do recall reading a paper several years ago
18 saying that they just came up with a policy for the
19 Treaty Indian community. And I asked the president
20 of Alberta, well, what's happening with the Métis,
21 and she said, well, they told us, you know, we're
22 next. And "we're next" still hasn't happened.
23 And that's the whole situation about the
24 Métis, we are always being marginalized or
25 discounted and not taken into account.
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1 So, you know, it's been I think six years
2 since that policy has come into place and yet the
3 Métis are still waiting for that policy.
4 So just to sum up. Yes, the on-the-ground
5 village local community must have a significant
6 voice, but it can't be an isolated voice, it has to
7 be a voice that is in collaboration or in
8 conformity with the principles developed at the
9 regional and provincial levels.
10 Q. And those principles don't exist yet, is what I
11 understand you're saying?
12 A. I'm not sure. I know there's been discussions, but
13 I'm not sure what exactly has been adopted by the
14 Métis Nation of Alberta Government. And all I know
15 is in Ontario, as I mentioned earlier, they are in
16 the process of doing that. They have signed
17 several agreements between their regional level and
18 their local community councils and the provincial
19 body. But there again, as I mentioned, some two
20 years ago the Ontario government provided some
21 $2 million for them to carry out these processes.
22 Q. So, Mr. Fortna, where does consultation plug in
23 with the Métis?
24 A. MR. FORTNA: I think Clem covered it quite
25 well. And the reality is it's got to be a
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1 negotiation between the Alberta Government and the
2 affected Métis communities, which is -- well,
3 National Council, I mean, you could arguably bring
4 in, but really focus on provincial, regional and
5 local. And we need that direction. And we need
6 the ability to meet with the government and have
7 that discussion and talk about how, like Clem said,
8 this is a complex issue and we're not denying that,
9 but it's much more complex when the affected
10 communities at the provincial, regional and local
11 bodies don't have the funds to meaningfully engage
12 with either government. And then that flows into
13 our engagements with Shell and companies. You
14 know, we need the ability to draft these types of
15 documents, to get working documents, to define
16 clearly these different relationships and we need
17 to do that in partnership with the Alberta
18 Government.
19 I mean, just go back to the harvesting policy
20 how it was just legislated on to Métis people. I
21 mean, that's -- the best way to do is to have
22 everybody in the tent talking about it and to
23 create a meaningful document that deals with many
24 of the issues that have come up over the last
25 number of days.
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1 Q. So just a last question on this line, then. Let's
2 use the analogy of First Nations, there's a project
3 proposed, the SRD gets ahold of it under the
4 consultation guidelines and will tell the
5 Proponent, you've got to consult with these First
6 Nation groups. And my understanding is they'll
7 typically go to Chief and Council and that's where
8 consultation takes place.
9 There obviously is no equivalent of Chief and
10 Council in the Métis communities.
11 So, again, where do they go?
12 A. MR. CHARTIER: There is an equivalent. I
13 mean, we do have community councils, which we call
14 Locals, which have their own governments. The
15 difference, though, is band councils reside on that
16 identifiable piece of land. And there's Federal
17 jurisdiction which provides for the Indian Act and
18 the relationship. And of course they have the
19 treaties behind them, they have the Natural
20 Resources Transfer Agreement. So they have all of
21 these things in their back pocket and they're
22 easily identifiable.
23 Now, for the Métis, because of the
24 dispossession that took place in the late 1800s and
25 early 1900s, we've had to carve out a place of our
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1 own. So we have our governing system, which works
2 I think quite well for us currently, and it's easy
3 enough.
4 So if in this case you want to do
5 consultation, I think notice must be given to the
6 local community councils, to the region, and to the
7 national or to the provincial body. And they will
8 work it out amongst themselves. And so it's not
9 that difficult. It's not difficult at all.
10 We have annual general meetings in each of
11 our provinces. There's representation from the
12 local level, the regional levels, and at the
13 provincial level. There's elections every three
14 years and now it will be every four years. The
15 Métis leadership, well, in all five governing
16 members is by the ballot-box system, one person one
17 vote, so it's very democratic.
18 So the trappings of government are there, and
19 it's simply a matter of goodwill on the parts of
20 governments and industry to move forward and
21 initiate that dialogue. You will find community
22 leaders, local community leaders, regional
23 community leaders, and the provincial leadership.
24 It's there. It's not hidden.
25 Q. Mr. Fortna, do you want to add anything as a last
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1 word?
2 A. MR. FORTNA: No, I think Clem had it
3 covered there. It's not that hard. It's not
4 nearly as hard as different people are trying to
5 make it.
6 MR. PERKINS: All right, thank you,
7 gentlemen, those are my questions.
8 Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
9 THE CHAIRMAN: Thank you.
10 Thank you, panel. We have no further
11 questions.
12 Any re-direct, Ms. Bishop?
13 MS. BISHOP: No, sir, I have no re-direct.
14 But I do have a few housekeeping issues. I
15 referred to some pages with Mr. Loutitt yesterday
16 on The Mark of the Métis. And I would like to
17 provide those pages, once I get home and I can scan
18 them properly, as separate exhibits, just because
19 they were three or four maps and I think there's
20 some difficulty getting that book on the record
21 electronically, so I just would like to take that
22 undertaking.
23 And I think I should do the same thing with
24 Ms. Hermansen's book because I'm not sure if that
25 will make its way onto the record, and I think it's
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1 very important to my clients that it's on the
2 record.
3 THE CHAIRMAN: That will be fine.
4 MS. BISHOP: With respect to my other two
5 witnesses, I think given the fact that Shell do not
6 want to cross-examine on those reports and I
7 understood them to say they could just go in the
8 record as they stand, Mr. Fortna has referred to
9 them briefly in his submission, I think we'll just
10 leave it at that. So this will be the close of our
11 evidence.
12 THE CHAIRMAN: Thank you. So the panel is
13 excused.
14
15 (WITNESSES EXCUSED)
16
17 THE CHAIRMAN: Mr. Lambrecht, you'll need
18 some time to get your panel in place?
19 MS. BISHOP: Sorry, Mr. Chair, one last
20 thing. I didn't get an exhibit number for
21 Mr. Fortna's opening statement.
22 THE CHAIRMAN: 010-027.
23
24 EXHIBIT 010-027: OPENING STATEMENT OF MR. FORTNA
25
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1 MR. LAMBRECHT: Yes, Mr. Dilay, five to
2 ten minutes to allow the witnesses to assemble and
3 to plug their computers into the table and just get
4 ready so that we can proceed expeditiously when we
5 reconvene.
6 THE CHAIRMAN: Sure, we'll take 10 minutes.
7 MR. LAMBRECHT: Thank you.
8
9 (A brief adjournment)
10
11 ATTORNEY GENERAL OF CANADA WITNESS PANEL, (SWORN AND/OR
12 AFFIRMED):
13
14 FISHERIES AND OCEANS CANADA (DFO):
15 BRIAN MAKOWECKI
16 MAREK JANOWICZ
17 COURT D. BERRYMAN
18
19 ENVIRONMENT CANADA (EC):
20 CHERYL BARANIECKI
21 RON BENNETT
22 BARRIE BONSAL
23 WILLIAM BOOTY
24 PATRICIA CHAMBERS
25 DAVE FOX
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1 HEATHER MORRISON
2 SAMANTHA SONG
3 DOUG SPRY
4 STEPHEN VIRC
5 CORINNA WATT
6 RICHARD WIACEK
7 GREG BICKERTON
8
9 NATURAL RESOURCES CANADA (NRCAN):
10 SHELLEY BALL
11 KIM KASPERSKI
12 MIROSLAV NASTEV
13 BAOLIN WANG
14
15 TRANSPORT CANADA (TC):
16 DALE KIRKLAND
17 SHANNON VOLLEMA
18
19 THE CHAIRMAN: Go ahead, Mr. Lambrecht.
20 MR. LAMBRECHT: Mr. Chairman, I would like to
21 thank the court reporter for swearing or affirming
22 the witnesses that are assembled before you this
23 morning. And the staff of the counsel, Amanda
24 Black, for preparing the name tags. We should be
25 able to proceed expeditiously here from this point
Realtime Connection [email protected] 3090
1 forward.
2
3 MATTERS SPOKEN TO BY MR. LAMBRECHT:
4 MR. LAMBRECHT: On October 1st, the
5 Departments of Natural Resources Canada, Transport
6 Canada, the Department of Fisheries and Oceans and
7 Environment Canada, filed written evidence with the
8 Panel. These departments have expert or specialist
9 information or knowledge on scientific matters that
10 may be of assistance to the Panel. And these
11 witnesses are assembled here today to answer
12 questions about that evidence.
13 I am proposing to present them for
14 cross-examination and to abridge any direct
15 evidence except only to invite the leads of each of
16 the departments to introduce the witnesses that
17 they have assembled in their areas of expertise.
18 There are two preliminary matters that I
19 would like to address before turning the panel over
20 for cross-examination, however.
21 And the first one was the matter that you
22 raised with me this morning at the outset of our
23 proceedings.
24 The matter that you raised is that there are
25 certain media coverage that suggests that
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1 information not included in the written evidence
2 filed on October 1st should come before the Panel.
3 And I've had a chance to inquire into the matter
4 and I'm about to give you some background and make
5 a proposal for how we could proceed in this regard.
6 I'd like to thank Karin Buss for making
7 available for me the abstract which I am about to
8 refer to.
9 So the media coverage that I have seen is a
10 front-page article in the Edmonton Journal. It
11 also exists on an online version. And it is in the
12 online version where Dr. Schindler is quoted as
13 saying that the information that is being presented
14 elsewhere should be presented to the Panel.
15 What that relates to, as I understand it, is
16 that there is an international meeting of the
17 Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry,
18 or SETAC, occurring this week, November 11th to
19 15th, in Long Beach, California.
20 The Abstract Book associated with that
21 conference, lists the presentations that are made
22 there. I have a copy of the excerpts of the
23 abstract book provided to me by Ms. Buss who
24 indicated that she wanted to question on this. And
25 I would propose that we mark one of these as an
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1 exhibit.
2 What it indicates is that there are a number
3 of presentations from Environment Canada scientists
4 that are listed in the abstract book as "platform
5 abstracts." What I understand platform abstracts
6 to be, and the witnesses that are here today can
7 explain this in more detail, are brief
8 presentations about fieldwork made to other
9 scientists for the purpose of peer review in the
10 scientific community in the course of the
11 development of scientific opinion on any given
12 matter.
13 So what this appears to be, there are a
14 number of these, some of which, but not all of
15 which, are mentioned in the newspaper coverage.
16 And the abstracts give a pretty good idea of the
17 presentation that is given. I understand that the
18 presentations themselves are preliminary in nature
19 given the fact that they really present the early
20 findings of initial fieldwork of studies that may
21 be ongoing.
22 What I propose, sir, is to mark the Abstract
23 Book as an exhibit and invite questions of the
24 witness panel here relating to these matters. It
25 seems to me that the witnesses will be able to
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1 answer, so far as they can, about the nature of
2 this information and we'll see where this goes.
3 So that's how I propose that we proceed in
4 this way, sir. The Panel can receive the
5 information, hear from it, we can deal with issues
6 that may arise concerning the production of these
7 documents or any other witnesses as may need be as
8 we move forward so that the Panel can certainly
9 receive the information and we can assess how best
10 to proceed in this context, as it may arise.
11 THE CHAIRMAN: Sir, it sounds like a
12 reasonable procedure to try. So let's do that.
13 And should we mark the abstracts as a package?
14 MR. LAMBRECHT: Yes.
15 THE CHAIRMAN: You refer to it as a book.
16 Can we call it that?
17 MR. LAMBRECHT: It's an excerpt of what I
18 understand to be a more complete document, I think
19 it's over 100 pages in PDF format. I have four or
20 five of them here in paper format.
21 THE CHAIRMAN: Let's mark it 005-026.
22
23 EXHIBIT 005-026: EXCERPT OF A BOOK
24
25 MR. PERKINS: And, Mr. Chairman, the
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1 Secretariat will do what it can to produce a few
2 copies of this and make that available, sir.
3 MR. LAMBRECHT: The second preliminary
4 matter, sir, relates to the composition of this
5 panel. We are producing scientists here to answer
6 questions about the scientific evidence that was
7 filed on October 1st. In e-mail communications
8 yesterday, I was informed that some of the counsel
9 representing some of the Aboriginal groups would
10 like to question other Federal witnesses, in
11 particular on issues relating to Crown
12 Consultation. Sir, the Crown is not going to
13 present these witnesses in the absence of a
14 direction from the Panel.
15 And I've invited my friends who wish to
16 advance these questions to raise this as a
17 preliminary issue, in part because one of the
18 witnesses identified as, one of the individuals
19 identified as a person of interest to be questioned
20 has had a family emergency in her family and will
21 be returning to Edmonton tomorrow.
22 So I have raised this with my friends. No
23 one's come forward by way of preliminary issue and
24 I clearly stated my position on the record, which
25 is that we are not intending to produce witnesses
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1 to answer questions respecting Aboriginal
2 consultation. Firstly, we have not produced any
3 evidence in our written submissions in that regard.
4 And secondly, our position in that respect is
5 documented in the engagement that we had over the
6 Notices of Constitutional Question, which, in
7 short, is that the Panel is not going to assess the
8 adequacy of Crown Consultation here. And I do not
9 see how presenting a witness to answer questions on
10 this can go to any issue other than the assessment
11 of the adequacy of consultation, which the Panel
12 has indicated it will not engage upon.
13 Secondly, Aboriginal groups are able to
14 tender their own evidence, if they should wish,
15 regarding Aboriginal consultation, and I do not see
16 any prejudice to any of the Aboriginal parties, or
17 any limitation upon their ability to advance any
18 evidence that they may wish to this Panel at all,
19 from the position adopted by the Crown. So I just
20 wanted to state that for the record before we move
21 forward.
22 THE CHAIRMAN: Thank you, sir.
23
24 INTRODUCTION OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF CANADA PANELS:
25 MR. LAMBRECHT: All right, now, by way of
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1 introduction to this panel, there are four
2 departments, each of the departments has a lead.
3 And I'm going to invite each of the lead persons
4 from those departments to introduce themselves, the
5 other members of their witness group, and to
6 indicate that the information presented in the
7 evidence filed on October 1st was prepared under
8 their direction and control.
9 Perhaps I'll start with Cheryl Baraniecki
10 from Environment Canada.
11 A. MS. BARANIECKI: Good morning, Mr. Chairman,
12 Panel Members, Elders, Ladies and Gentlemen. My
13 name is Cheryl Baraniecki and I am the Regional
14 Director of the Environmental Protection Operations
15 Directorate for Environment Canada in Prairie and
16 Northern Region.
17 Our region consists of the three prairie
18 provinces, the Northwest Territories and Nunavit.
19 And for this hearing I am Environment Canada's team
20 leader. I am responsible for the overall
21 co-ordination of the Environment Canada expert
22 witnesses and will be able to speak to the broad
23 mandate roles and responsibilities of the
24 department. And I can confirm that this submission
25 was prepared under my direction.
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1 We are here today to respond to questions
2 regarding Environment Canada's submission and to
3 provide information to the Panel to assist them in
4 their determination on the merits of this Project.
5 It is now my pleasure to introduce
6 Environment Canada's expert panel, and I will ask
7 each member to stand up and indicate themselves
8 during their introduction as I know we do have a
9 number of people here.
10 So to my far left is Dr. Samantha Song. She
11 is the head of the Population Assessment Unit from
12 Edmonton. And Dr. Song is here to answer questions
13 on non-game migratory birds with respect to the
14 wildlife section of our submission, and on the
15 terrestrial biodiversity and habitat disturbance
16 component of the Integrated Oilsands Biodiversity
17 Monitoring Program.
18 Seated to her right is Mr. Richard Wiacek,
19 Senior Environmental Assessment Officer from
20 Edmonton. Mr. Wiacek is here to answer technical
21 questions on species at risk and migratory birds
22 with respect to the wildlife section of our
23 submission.
24 And seated immediately to my left is
25 Mr. Stephen Virc, the Acting Manager of the
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1 National Recovery Projects from Ottawa. And
2 Mr. Virc is here to answer questions on boreal
3 woodland caribou and recovery strategy.
4 I should mention that there was an additional
5 CV that was filed on the wildlife issues within our
6 package. And that's from Mr. Ron Bennett.
7 Unfortunately he is ill this week and not available
8 and is not appearing as a witness.
9 And seated to my right is Dr. Patricia
10 Chambers. She's a research scientist from
11 Burlington and Dr. Chambers is here to answer
12 questions on the technical aspects of the aquatic
13 component of the Joint Canada-Alberta Oil Sands
14 Monitoring Program, and on the overall surface
15 water quality particularly for inorganic
16 constituents with respect to the water quality
17 section of our submission.
18 And I guess moving to the rear, is
19 Dr. William Booty, Section Head of the Integrated
20 Modelling in the National Water Research Institute
21 from Burlington. And Dr. Booty is here to answer
22 questions on water quality modelling with respect
23 to the water quality section of our submission.
24 And immediately to his left is Dr. Barrie
25 Bonsal, research scientist at the National
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1 Hydrology Research Centre from Saskatoon.
2 Dr. Bonsal is here to answer questions on the
3 climate change modelling aspects with respect to
4 the water quality section of our submission.
5 And immediately behind me is Dr. Doug Spry,
6 Manager of the National Guidelines and Standards
7 office from Ottawa. Dr. Spry is here to answer
8 questions on Chronic Effects Benchmarks, the
9 exceedances of Chronic Effects Benchmarks, the
10 mixtures of chemicals, and on aquatic toxicology in
11 general, with respect to the water quality section
12 of our submission.
13 And to his left is Mr. Greg Bickerton, Senior
14 Hydro Geologist with the National Water Research
15 Institute from Burlington. And Mr. Bickerton is
16 here to answer questions on groundwater aspects of
17 the Joint Canada-Alberta Oil Sands Monitoring
18 Program.
19 And with our air team, seated to the left of
20 Mr. Bickerton is Dr. Heather Morrison, Manager of
21 the Air Quality Research Division from Downsview.
22 And Dr. Morrison is here to answer questions with
23 respect to the air component of the Joint
24 Canada-Alberta Integrated Oilsands Monitoring Plan.
25 And seated to her left is Ms. Corrina Watt,
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1 an air pollution analyst from Edmonton. Ms. Watt
2 is also here to answer technical air quality
3 questions with respect to our submission.
4 And finally, is Mr. David Fox. David Fox is
5 an air pollution management analyst from
6 Yellowknife. And Mr. Fox is here to answer
7 technical air quality questions with respect to our
8 submission.
9 Now, I should point out that while we do have
10 12 experts here today, our submission has benefited
11 from the experts from several of the other offices
12 and research facilities from across the country.
13 And Environment Canada provides again this evidence
14 and advice to the Panel regarding the potential
15 impacts of the Project. And I would like to thank
16 the Panel for providing Environment Canada with the
17 opportunity to speak to today's proceedings and we
18 will be very happy to address any questions you may
19 have on our submission.
20 Thank you.
21 MR. LAMBRECHT: Next is Shelley Ball from
22 Natural Resources Canada.
23 MR. BALL: Good morning, Mr. Chairman,
24 Members of the Panel, Chiefs, Elders, officials of
25 Shell Canada, Ladies and Gentlemen, my name is
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1 Dr. Shelley Ball and I'm a Senior Environmental
2 Assessment Officer with Natural Resources Canada
3 from the Environmental Assessment Division with
4 Natural Resources Canada or NRCan for short.
5 For this Jackpine Mine Expansion Project
6 Review Panel Environmental Assessment, I was
7 responsible for coordinating and assembling NRCan's
8 review of the environmental impact application and
9 supplemental information as well as coordinating
10 NRCan's participation in the Panel hearing process.
11 So today we have three scientists here from
12 NRCan to answer questions regarding NRCan's written
13 evidence, and I'll ask each of our members to stand
14 up so they can be identified.
15 To my right here is Dr. Miroslav Nastev, he's
16 from the Geological Survey of Canada and is an
17 expert in hydrogeology. Dr. Nastev will be
18 available to speak to NRCan's evidence regarding
19 groundwater quantity.
20 Next is Dr. Wang behind me to my right.
21 Dr. Wang is also from the Geological Survey of
22 Canada and is a geotechnical research scientist.
23 He will be available to speak to evidence regarding
24 slope stability of mine pit and waste disposal
25 facilities.
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1 And finally, behind me and to my left is
2 Dr. Kim Kasperski. Dr. Kasperski is from NRCan's
3 CanmetENERGY lab in Devon, Alberta. She's an
4 expert in the area of oil sands tailings management
5 and process water chemistry. Dr. Kasperski will be
6 available to speak to evidence regarding tailings
7 management, process water chemistry, and VOCs or
8 Volatile Organic Compounds estimates from tailings
9 ponds.
10 And that's the team from NRCan, thank you.
11 Next is Brian Makowecki from the Department
12 of Fisheries and Oceans.
13 A. MR. MAKOWECKI: Good morning, Panel, Elders,
14 Ladies and Gentlemen. My name is Brian Makowecki.
15 I'm a District Manager for Fisheries and Oceans
16 Canada in Northern Alberta. Fisheries and Oceans
17 Canada's submission was prepared under my direction
18 and supervision.
19 Seated to my right is Mr Marek Janowicz.
20 Mr. Janowicz is the Technical Lead for Fisheries
21 and Oceans Canada's review of this Project. He's a
22 senior environmental assessment analyst.
23 Seated behind me at the end of the second row
24 is Mr. Court Berryman. Mr. Berryman is a senior
25 environmental assessment analyst and assisted in
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1 the review of this Project.
2 We are prepared to answer questions related
3 to DFO's submission on this file.
4 Thank you.
5 Q. And finally Dale Kirkland from Transport Canada.
6 A. MR. KIRKLAND: Good morning, Mr. Chairman,
7 Mr. Bolton, Mr. Cooke, Elders, Ladies and
8 Gentlemen.
9 My name is Dale Kirkland and I'm the Regional
10 Manager of Environmental Services for Transport
11 Canada in Prairie and Northern Region.
12 Seated to my immediate right is Shannon
13 Vollema, Regional Officer of the Navigable Waters
14 Protection Program in Transport Canada Prairie and
15 Northern Region as well.
16 I can further advise that Transport Canada's
17 submission to these proceedings was prepared under
18 my direction and supervision.
19 We will be happy to address any questions you
20 may have on our submission.
21 Thank you.
22 Q. Ms. Ball, was the Natural Resources Canada evidence
23 filed on October 1st prepared under your
24 supervision and control?
25 A. MS. BALL: Yes, it was.
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1 Q. And Ms. Baraniecki, was the Environment Canada
2 evidence filed on October 1st prepared under your
3 supervision and control?
4 A. MS. BARANIECKI: That's correct.
5 MR. LAMBRECHT: Mr. Dilay, I'm prepared to
6 turn the panel over for questions now.
7 THE CHAIRMAN: Thank you, sir.
8 Ms. Buss?
9 MS. BUSS: I believe my colleague
10 will be questioning.
11 THE CHAIRMAN: Ms. Gorrie.
12
13 CROSS-EXAMINATION OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF CANADA
14 PANEL, BY OSEC, BY MS. GORRIE:
15 MS. GORRIE: Good morning, Mr. Dilay. We would
16 just ask that we have a minute to get ready and
17 prepare here.
18 THE CHAIRMAN: Sure.
19 MS. GORRIE: Hi, Mr. Chairman. I'm just
20 cognizant of the time. It's a quarter to 12:00. I
21 was just wondering when would be an appropriate
22 time to break for lunch?
23 THE CHAIRMAN: Well, I think we have some
24 flexibility, so if you find a natural break in your
25 lines, 12:00 or 12:15, in that order of things,
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1 that would be good.
2 MS. GORRIE: That sounds good, thank you.
3 Q. Good morning, panel. My name is Melissa Gorrie and
4 I'm with the Oil Sands Environmental Coalition
5 along with my co-counsel, Karin Buss. I will be
6 asking questions relating to terrestrial impacts
7 and climate change. And then she'll be asking on
8 the other areas that you raised in your October 1st
9 submission.
10 So first off, I'll ask a general question,
11 but have members of panel reviewed EIAs that have
12 been prepared for other oil sands projects on the
13 issue of wildlife?
14 A. MR. WIACEK: Yes, I have.
15 Q. And are you familiar with the Kearl EIA 2005?
16 A. Yes, I am, in a general sense. I was not involved
17 in the review of that project, though.
18 Q. I have with me just an excerpt from the Kearl oil
19 sands EIA, but it's not an exhibit at the moment,
20 but I would like to pass it out. Now, Mr. Wiacek,
21 am I pronouncing that correctly?
22 A. That's correct.
23 Q. Okay, good. I just had a quick question about this
24 EIA. If I could ask you to turn to page 5-71.
25 A. Okay.
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1 Q. And you'll note here that it says, it's underneath
2 this nice little table, it says, "For Project Case
3 (2041)", and it just says there that:
4
5 "... a significant reduction
6 of 4,256 HUs", which is
7 "(25.5 percent), is predicted for
8 moose winter habitat, with the
9 majority of this reduction in
10 moderate quality habitat."
11
12 That's correct?
13 A. That's correct.
14 Q. That's what it says.
15 And then if I could ask you to turn to
16 page 5-74, which would be the next page in your
17 copy. And again under the table, is it correct
18 that it states there:
19
20 "For Project Case (2041), a
21 significant reduction of 2,612 HUs,
22 (-20.5 percent), is predicted for
23 black bear fall habitat, with the
24 majority of this reduction in
25 moderate- and low-quality habitat."
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1
2 Is that correct?
3 A. That's correct.
4 Q. Thank you. And then just one last final question.
5 Page 5-77. And the paragraph above that table,
6 again, it starts:
7
8 "For Project Case (2041), a
9 significant reduction of 5,221 HUs,
10 (-25.8 percent) of snowshoe hare
11 winter habitat is predicted."
12
13 Correct?
14 A. Correct.
15 MS. GORRIE: Those are all my questions on
16 this document. I suggest that it be marked as an
17 exhibit.
18 THE CHAIRMAN: 017-039.
19
20 EXHIBIT 017-039: DOCUMENT ENTITLED SECTION:
21 LAND OVERVIEW, SUBSECTION 1.0: INTRODUCTION
22
23 MR. LAMBRECHT: Sir, I'm not sure how this is
24 at all relevant. I'm not sure how this is at all
25 relevant to the proceedings. I've given my friend
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1 some latitude, but I thought after reading what the
2 document says into the record, she might actually
3 ask some questions to show how this relates to the
4 Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion Project which this
5 Panel is considering, and I would invite her to do
6 so.
7 MS. GORRIE: I would submit that it is
8 relevant because we're talking about significant
9 impacts and I wanted to raise the issue of what has
10 been done in past EIAs in terms of assessing
11 significant impacts.
12 Q. And to follow up on that, my question would be: So
13 then your understanding is that in this case,
14 anything below 20 percent loss of habitat was
15 considered significant; would that be correct,
16 Mr. Wiacek?
17 A. It's very difficult for me to actually comment on
18 that, having not seen how significance was defined
19 in the Environmental Assessment, so I'm afraid I
20 can't make any comments.
21 Q. Well, it speaks of significant reduction in habitat
22 units, HUs, that's correct, is that what HU stands
23 for?
24 A. HUs is habitat units, so it's a measurement that
25 equates to the amount of habitat multiplied by the
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1 quality of habitat, I believe, so it's a different
2 measure that was actually used in the Shell
3 Jackpine Project. So it's very difficult to
4 actually equate this information to what's being
5 done in the Shell Jackpine Project.
6 Q. And then I would just ask that you could confirm
7 that in this EIA, they considered impacts to
8 moderate and low quality habitat as part of their
9 assessment, correct, not just high quality?
10 A. Well, again, that's what they state in these
11 sentences, but having not reviewed their assessment
12 criteria, I can't comment on that any further.
13 Q. Okay. Fair enough.
14 THE CHAIRMAN: Ms. Gorrie, apparently the
15 number should be 039.
16 MS. GORRIE: 039.
17 Q. Now, Shell cites a couple of articles, in
18 particular Swift and Hannon 2010, and that's et al
19 2007, in support of the concept of critical
20 thresholds with that threshold being reached at 70
21 to 90 percent habitat loss.
22 Now, a critical threshold is a threshold that
23 if exceeded would likely lead to drastic declines
24 and potential extinction of a species; isn't that
25 correct?
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1 MR. LAMBRECHT: I hate to interrupt my friend
2 in the flow of her questioning, but it might be
3 helpful if she at least pinpointed where this
4 information that she cites to Shell's EIA is
5 located.
6 MS. GORRIE: Sure. I can do that.
7 Q. They refer to Betts and Swift and Hannon in their
8 May 2012 SIR. And that's Exhibit 001-051E. And at
9 page 3-23 it's the second-last paragraph.
10 A. MS. BARANIECKI: I'll just take a moment to
11 pull that up.
12 Q. I have a copy with me if that would be more
13 efficient?
14 A. MR. WIACEK: That would be more helpful.
15 Q. So I won't read out the paragraph. Obviously you
16 can orientate yourself to what I'm referring to.
17 It's the paragraph that starts "While thresholds
18 have not been defined at this time...".
19 A. I'm familiar with this paragraph.
20 Q. Okay. And you're familiar with the studies that
21 are cited, the Betts and Swift and Hannon?
22 A. That's correct.
23 Q. So to get back to my original question about
24 critical thresholds. So is it correct that a
25 threshold that if exceeded would likely lead to
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1 drastic declines and the potential extinction of a
2 species?
3 A. I'll start off answering this question and then
4 I'll pass it on to Dr. Samantha Song to add some of
5 her thoughts to it.
6 Critical threshold is essentially, in the
7 literature, is defined as a change in the
8 population in a population trajectory. For
9 example, you could have a population that's
10 decreasing and at some point of habitat loss, for
11 example we call it a break point, that rate of
12 decline will increase and the species may head
13 towards extirpation at a quicker rate.
14 Now, from EC's perspective, we need to be
15 extremely cautious in terms of how we use these
16 critical thresholds, and there's a number of
17 reasons for that.
18 One, these critical thresholds may not occur
19 in all species.
20 Two, critical thresholds may vary between
21 species. And they may vary actually within a
22 species, depending on the study area.
23 Three, critical thresholds can vary depending
24 on the scale of the study and also the landscape
25 that the study is done in.
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1 And critical thresholds can also vary with
2 the type of analysis that's done. So physical
3 analysis that's done.
4 So there's a lot of uncertainty in terms of
5 what the actual critical thresholds are for species
6 and whether or not they do exist for some species.
7 And there's some studies that have shown
8 thresholds that are much higher, for example 20 to
9 40 percent habitat loss that may cause a change in
10 a population trajectory.
11 So there's a lot of uncertainty around
12 thresholds, so we would caution the Panel in terms
13 of how they use those thresholds.
14 Q. And you mentioned uncertainty with respect to the
15 issue of critical thresholds. Would you agree that
16 using such a threshold is not precautionary?
17 A. That's correct.
18 Q. Now, you'd agree that one of the goals of the
19 Canadian Environmental Assessment assessment
20 process is to ensure that renewable resources like
21 wildlife are secure for future generations, would
22 you not?
23 A. Yes, I would agree to that.
24 Q. And you'd agree that one of the purposes of CEAA's
25 assessment or, sorry, Canadian Environmental
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1 Assessment Act assessments is to identify impacts
2 so that they can be avoided?
3 A. The purpose of CEAA is to identify the significance
4 of effects and to apply appropriate mitigation to
5 ensure there are not significant adverse effects.
6 Q. It's also -- part of its purpose is to protect the
7 environment from significant adverse effects, are
8 they not, is it not? And I can refer you to
9 Section 4 sub (a) of the Act.
10 MR. LAMBRECHT: Well, I am going to object.
11 I mean, the purposes of the statute set out in the
12 purposes section of the statute, are the purposes
13 of the statute stated therein. And you can read
14 the statute and everybody can see it. To ask a
15 witness to adopt those as fact is really not of any
16 value to the Panel. And I suggest to my friend
17 that she move to the point of the questioning
18 rather than get entangled in these preliminaries
19 which really won't give the Panel any additional
20 evidence of value.
21 MS. GORRIE: Well, my point simply is the
22 discussion of what is required in assessments,
23 which is the topic at hand here, is what is
24 involved in assessing a project. And as CEAA is
25 one of the governing pieces of legislation, it was
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1 just a question about assessments under that Act.
2 And I thought it was a simple question.
3 Q. It's just whether assessments are intended to
4 protect the environment from significant adverse
5 effects? My simple question.
6 A. MS. BARANIECKI: So, yes, that is correct. It
7 is outlined under Section 4 of the Act. It states
8 the various purposes of the Act.
9 Q. Okay, thank you. So given that the assessments are
10 intended to protect the environment, including
11 wildlife, would it not be fair to say that it needs
12 to then protect wildlife from heading to the brink
13 of extirpation or extreme population declines?
14 A. We just need a moment to confer here, please.
15 So just to answer that, I mean, generally the
16 principles of purposes, they are outlined again
17 under Section 4 of the Canadian Environmental
18 Assessment Act. And it describes the various
19 purposes of the Act in a, you know, a general
20 high-level context.
21 It also, under Section 5, describes the
22 environmental effects that are assessed. And, for
23 instance, it does reference migratory birds and
24 species at risk. And I'm not going to go through
25 the Act here. I'm assuming that's satisfactory.
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1 But also, there's other legislation such as
2 the Species at Risk Act that is very specific to
3 managing those issues and addressing those issues.
4 Q. You mentioned the Species at Risk Act and I would
5 like to touch on that a bit more later, but just to
6 follow up while we're on this question.
7 Would you agree that the Species at Risk Act
8 then would have an intent to protect wildlife from
9 the brink of extinction or extreme population
10 declines?
11 A. That is the Act's stated objective, yes.
12 Q. Thank you.
13 MS. GORRIE: Mr. Chairman, I have one
14 further line of questioning that I think should be
15 quite brief, so I'll go through that and then
16 suggest a break for lunch.
17 THE CHAIRMAN: Sure.
18 MS. GORRIE: Okay.
19 Q. I have a few questions for Dr. Song. You were a
20 panel witness at the Total Joslyn mine hearing;
21 correct?
22 A. MS. SONG: Yes, that's correct.
23 Q. Now, during that hearing you acknowledged that the
24 Terrestrial Ecological Management Framework or TEMF
25 was a valuable tool, did you not?
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1 A. Yes.
2 Q. And you also stated that it is a sound framework
3 for moving forward?
4 A. I think it's a good starting point, yes.
5 Q. And during the Total hearing, you also indicated
6 that you had some concerns about setting the
7 management trigger at 10 percent below the Natural
8 Range of Variation, in particular that by setting
9 the bound 10 percent below, you were delaying the
10 management response; is that correct?
11 A. Yes. I mean, the Natural Range of Variation, using
12 that as a tool, the idea is when you don't know
13 exactly what the thresholds are for a population or
14 a series of populations, that we can look back in
15 the history of how those species have responded to
16 the various stressors in their environment. And so
17 we use those bounds as kind of our best guess at
18 what stresses, future stresses they can withstand.
19 So the idea is that you maintain that
20 population within that range and you maintain the
21 amplitude. And as soon as it gets down to the
22 bottom, you're like, okay, this population may be
23 in trouble. And there's a trigger and you start to
24 look at your actions. And in some cases before you
25 get to that point.
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1 Q. So would you agree that it can be risky to delay
2 taking management actions until a species is below
3 it's 10 percent Natural Range of Variation?
4 A. Yes, that was the concern that we expressed in
5 response to the TEMF.
6 Q. And it would be risky in terms of preserving viable
7 population levels?
8 A. It's a risk, yes.
9 Q. And then back to your submissions at the Total
10 hearing. You stated that when dealing with species
11 at risk the risk tolerance is very, very low, did
12 you not? And I can take you to the piece if you
13 need.
14 A. Yes, I'm sorry, I don't recall whether that was my
15 colleague or myself, but it's quite possible I said
16 that. It sounds very logical.
17 Q. You already have the transcript excerpt. It's the
18 second-last page in the pamphlet. So it's
19 page 2207. It's the second page of that. It kind
20 of flows on to another. And it starts at line 20:
21 "Yes, I would agree that given these are dynamic
22 populations...".
23 A. Yes.
24 Q. Have you found that?
25 A. Yes.
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1 Q. Okay. So it's just this paragraph here, it says:
2
3 "Yes, I would agree that
4 given these are dynamic
5 populations, but being reminded
6 there's a caveat related to species
7 at risk where our risk tolerance is
8 just very, very low."
9
10 A. Yes.
11 Q. Okay. And, Mr. Chairman, I have multiple copies of
12 this. I'm sorry I didn't pass it out beforehand.
13 I can pass out copies or I can just ask to mark
14 this as an exhibit.
15 MR. LAMBRECHT: The witness has adopted the
16 evidence. I'm not sure that I understand why the
17 document would be tendered as an exhibit. It was
18 used as an aide-memoire to remind the witness of
19 prior testimony in order to assist in eliciting an
20 opinion in respect of that matter on this Project.
21 I have no objection. But I don't see the utility
22 in it.
23 MS. GORRIE: Fair enough.
24 THE CHAIRMAN: We have been marking aids to
25 cross-examination for identification. So I'll mark
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1 this one 017-040.
2
3 EXHIBIT 017-040: EXCERPT OF EVIDENCE FROM JOSLYN
4 NORTH MINE PROJECT, OCTOBER 7, 2010 TRANSCRIPT
5
6 Q. MS. GORRIE: So talking about the species
7 at risk, for those species, would you agree that
8 you need to be very conservative or precautionary
9 when assessing risk or determining impacts to them?
10 A. MR. WIACEK: That's correct.
11 Q. And for those species, even a small amount of
12 habitat loss could result in significant impacts;
13 is that correct?
14 A. The determination of significance is the Panel's
15 responsibility, so we can't comment on whether or
16 not it would be significant. What I'd like to
17 mention, though, is under SARA Section 79-2,
18 there's a requirement to avoid and lessen effects
19 on species at risk. And we have identified that in
20 our submission.
21 Q. You're actually getting ahead of me. I have some
22 questions on that later on. Thank you.
23 You mentioned it's the Panel's duty to
24 determine significance for this Project. In your
25 professional opinion, though, could even a small
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1 amount of habitat loss result in significant
2 impacts?
3 A. Well, you'd have to be specific about the species,
4 so what species are you referring to?
5 Q. Species at risk in general. And I said not for all
6 species, but that it could result in significant
7 impacts for some species at risk, is that a fair?
8 A. Depending on the species, it could. Again, our
9 objective is to avoid and lessen effects on species
10 at risk.
11 Q. Okay, thank you.
12 MS. GORRIE: Mr. Chairman, I think it
13 probably makes sense, if it's all right with you,
14 to take a lunch break now.
15 THE CHAIRMAN: It would. And we'll resume
16 at 1:10 p.m.
17
18 (The Luncheon Adjournment)
19 (Proceedings adjourned at 12:10 p.m.)
20 (Proceedings reconvened at 1:10 p.m.)
21
22 SCHEDULING MATTERS SPOKEN TO:
23 THE CHAIRMAN: Good afternoon, everyone. I
24 just want to speak briefly to the schedule.
25 On Friday, we have a constraint such that we
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1 can only sit until 1:00 p.m. and we'll do that
2 without a lunch break; we'll just carry on through
3 until 1:00 p.m. with suitable breaks for the
4 reporter.
5 And on our best estimates, and subject to
6 finishing the evidence, we plan to have final
7 argument commence on Wednesday of next week in
8 Edmonton. You recall in my opening remarks I
9 talked about the fact that we didn't have a venue
10 here in Fort McMurray and we have arranged for a
11 venue in Edmonton. And I don't know if I can add
12 to that detail. We'll take a reading later on this
13 afternoon about as to where we are with Canada's
14 panel and determine if we need to sit this evening.
15 And, of course, that would need to be with the
16 agreement of the parties.
17 So are there any questions about that?
18 MR. LAMBRECHT: Is there any flexibility in
19 the Wednesday date, sir, that it could be moved up
20 to Tuesday or Monday? I have another regulatory
21 hearing that I need to attend I believe beginning
22 on the Thursday or the Friday, the 22nd or 23rd.
23 And while I could do Wednesday, it would facilitate
24 my travel if we could hear final argument a day
25 earlier, even. If there's no flexibility, I
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1 understand that there might be some constraint in
2 that.
3 THE CHAIRMAN: Well, there is flexibility,
4 sir. We thought of Wednesday because it would give
5 parties that much more time to prepare.
6 MR. LAMBRECHT: Indeed.
7 THE CHAIRMAN: The panel itself is prepared
8 to commence final argument on the Tuesday.
9 MR. LAMBRECHT: All right, I'll speak with my
10 friends and see if any accommodations can be
11 reached.
12 THE CHAIRMAN: Thank you.
13 MR. DENSTEDT: Mr. Chairman, just for the
14 information for Panel, we will have a very small
15 rebuttal panel, it shouldn't be more than
16 60 minutes is my guess. And it's limited to a few
17 issues. And in respect of final argument, Tuesday
18 would be useful for us as well because we have a
19 dramatic loss of support starting Wednesday.
20 THE CHAIRMAN: That's helpful.
21 Mr. Perkins?
22 MR. PERKINS: Mr. Chairman, I know
23 Mr. Lambrecht indicated he would talk to other
24 counsel, and maybe in the discussion another matter
25 he could canvass is some time ago, so obviously on
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1 a very preliminary basis, there was a suggestion
2 from the collective of counsel that argument may be
3 a two-day affair, and so if people have constraints
4 later in the week, I think that should probably be
5 addressed as well.
6 THE CHAIRMAN: And thanks for that,
7 Mr. Perkins. We were factoring into that the
8 earlier remarks from counsel that we're probably
9 looking at something in the range of two days.
10 Well, we'll leave it at that for now and
11 we'll see if there are other comments later.
12 Would you like to continue, Mr. Lambrecht?
13 Sorry, Ms. Gorrie. I beg your pardon.
14
15 CROSS-EXAMINATION OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF CANADA
16 PANEL, BY OSEC, BY MS. GORRIE (CONTINUING):
17 Q. MS. GORRIE: So continuing on from this
18 morning, I'm going to be making some references to
19 your October 1st submission which was the
20 Exhibit 005-020. In your October 1st submission,
21 you state that:
22
23 "... reclamation has several
24 limitations that reduce its
25 effectiveness in mitigating the
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1 JPME Project effects on species at
2 risk and migratory bird habitat."
3
4 And my question to the panel is what are
5 those limitations?
6 A. MR. WIACEK: Those limitations are clearly
7 outlined in our submission. As acknowledged by
8 Shell, reclamation of peatlands is not currently
9 possible in the Oil Sands Region. So there may be
10 a permanent loss of habitat for peatland-dependent
11 species or species that use peatland habitats.
12 Another issue with reclamation is that for
13 upland habitats, it will take a considerable time
14 for old-growth habitats to reclaim and possibly be
15 functional for a number of species at risk and
16 migratory birds, so there's certainly a long time
17 lag for reclamation to occur for those species.
18 And there's also a great deal of uncertainty
19 regarding reclamation in terms of whether or not
20 certain species, including species at risk, will
21 recolonize some of those habitats in the long-term;
22 right now, we don't have any evidence to suggest
23 that that will occur.
24 There are some, there is some evidence that
25 reclaimed habitats are on a different trajectory,
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1 particularly reclamation on tailings sand, that
2 they may move towards novel ecosystems or ecosite
3 phases which we have no information on yet.
4 So there's a great deal of uncertainty in
5 terms of how successful reclamation will be in the
6 long-term.
7 Now, we certainly do recognize that
8 reclamation is important in terms of maintaining or
9 creating some sort of habitat on the landscape, but
10 in terms of how functional it will be is still to
11 be determined.
12 Q. Now, in your submissions, you state that:
13
14 "Shell Canada predicts
15 continued negative and high
16 magnitude effects and subsequent
17 high environmental consequence,
18 within the LSA for a number of
19 species at risk, as well as the
20 Black-throated Green Warbler,
21 following reclamation."
22
23 And my question to the panel, and perhaps
24 Mr. Wiacek would be the one to answer this it
25 seems, but is your professional opinion that the
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1 impacts on those species in the LSA are significant
2 even after mitigation is applied?
3 A. I certainly agree that the effects have a high
4 negative environmental consequence in the Local
5 Study Area in terms of whether they are
6 significant, that's up to the Panel to determine.
7 But the effects certainly are negative and of high
8 magnitude in the Local Study Area.
9 Q. And you'd agree that mining the LSA is incompatible
10 with preserving habitat for species at risk?
11 A. Mining the area will remove habitat for species at
12 risk and it is uncertain whether that habitat will
13 be reclaimed.
14 Q. Now, it's my understanding that one of the reasons
15 that the species are species at risk is that they
16 are already limited, their habitat is already
17 limited within Canada and particularly often within
18 north-eastern Alberta; is that fair to say?
19 A. In general, that would be fair to say. Species at
20 risk are affected by a number of threats across
21 their range, including on the breeding grounds as
22 well as the migration routes and on their wintering
23 grounds. So there's a variety of threats that are
24 affecting species at risk.
25 Q. And loss of habitat would be one of them?
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1 A. Certainly loss of habitat would be one of them,
2 yes.
3 Q. And, again, from your submission, it's page 22,
4 I'll read it out. If you afterwards feel the need
5 to look at it, that's fine. But you just state:
6
7 "Because peatlands cannot be
8 reclaimed or will be limited in
9 extent, the reclaimed landscape
10 will shift from a lowland dominated
11 ecosystem prior to development to
12 an upland dominated ecosystem
13 following closure, resulting in a
14 shift in the wildlife community."
15
16 And my question is about that last part, what
17 do you mean by "a shift in the wildlife community"?
18 A. The wildlife community in the reclaimed landscape
19 will be dominated by species that use upland
20 habitats as opposed to lowland habitats, so you'll
21 have a shift in the community of species that occur
22 within the project footprint area.
23 Q. So does that mean that the reclaimed landscape
24 won't provide suitable habitat for species that it
25 once did?
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1 A. That's correct, particularly for species that use
2 peatland habitats and wetland habitats in general.
3 There'll be considerably less wetland habitat on
4 the lease area following reclamation.
5 Q. In the same area there, you then go on to say that:
6 "In addition to this shift...", referring to the
7 wildlife community shift:
8
9 "... the upland vegetation
10 community..."
11
12 "... have relatively low
13 biodiversity potential and support
14 relatively few migratory bird
15 species."
16
17 Could I ask you just to elaborate on what you
18 mean by that in reference to the low biodiversity
19 potential?
20 A. That's in reference to some of the analysis that
21 Shell has done. They've evaluated biodiversity
22 potential for each of the ecosite phases. And the
23 dominant ecosite phases on the reclaimed landscape,
24 according to the tables and analysis that Shell has
25 provided, are black spruce and jackpine habitats.
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1 And according to Shell's analysis, they have low
2 biodiversity potential and considerably much lower
3 than the wetland habitats that were there
4 previously.
5 Q. So would it be fair to say that the reclaimed
6 landscape will support a lower level of
7 biodiversity comparative to pre-development
8 landscape?
9 A. I think that's fair to say. The shift in the
10 landscape and the dominance of the black spruce and
11 jackpine habitats, which have generally a much
12 lower biodiversity.
13 Q. And Canada's a signatory to the 1992 United Nations
14 Convention on Biological Diversity; is that right?
15 A. I believe so. Unfortunately Ron Bennett, who was
16 to be answering those questions, isn't here today,
17 but to my knowledge, that's correct.
18 Q. So is there anyone else on the panel that's able to
19 speak to Canada's commitments?
20 A. MS. BARANIECKI: We may have to undertake,
21 but.
22 Q. Well, we'll see how it goes.
23 A. Okay.
24 Q. And so signatories to that convention affirmed that
25 States are responsible for conserving their
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1 biological diversity and using their biological
2 resources in a sustainable manner. Is that
3 correct?
4 A. I think subject to check, we'd have to verify that
5 document.
6 Q. Okay, sure. Fair enough. And the federal species
7 at risk was enacted in part to satisfy Canada's
8 obligations under that convention, was it not?
9 MR. LAMBRECHT: Just before we go on, I would
10 like to adopt a technique that was used by
11 Mr. Denstedt during examination of the Shell panel,
12 and that is to make sure that I understand if an
13 undertaking has been given, before we move on in
14 the examination so that it's clear on the
15 transcript and the record, that this is so. I
16 heard a witness just a moment ago say "subject to
17 checking" and I didn't hear the word "undertaking,"
18 and so I didn't want to leave it vague or embark
19 upon this line of questioning without at least
20 seeking clarification as to whether it's my
21 friend's intent to request an undertaking or to
22 proceed on and request undertakings in future, if
23 need be.
24 MS. GORRIE: I think it was subject to
25 check. So I was happy to leave it at that.
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1 MR. LAMBRECHT: Does that mean in your view
2 that there's an undertaking to check?
3 MS. GORRIE: My understanding is that
4 Ms. Baraniecki would accept that to be the answer,
5 except if she were to go back and check and find
6 that that is not in fact correct, then she could
7 come back.
8 MR. LAMBRECHT: So on re-examination, if it's
9 not already done, I'll just sweep up all of these
10 subject to checks to make sure that that loop is
11 closed. Thank you.
12 THE CHAIRMAN: Thank you.
13 MS. GORRIE: Sorry, and I'll repeat my
14 last question for you.
15 Q. The Federal Species at Risk was enacted in part to
16 satisfy Canada's obligations under that convention,
17 was it not?
18 A. Sorry, I do not know the answer to that question.
19 Q. Okay. I guess -- could I ask for an undertaking,
20 then, to confirm whether that is, in fact, the
21 case?
22 A. Certainly. We can do that.
23 MR. LAMBRECHT: And for clarity, could you
24 just confirm what it is again that you would like
25 to have confirmed.
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1 MS. GORRIE: To confirm that the Federal
2 Species at Risk Act was enacted in part to satisfy
3 Canada's obligations under the UN Convention on
4 Biological Diversity.
5 A. I think this will be a quick response, because we
6 actually did just verify with the text of the Act
7 here in front of you.
8 Q. So you can verify that's correct for me?
9 A. Yes, it's in the preamble of the Act.
10 Q. I guess we don't need that undertaking. Thank you
11 for that quick check.
12 So in fact the preamble to the Species at
13 Risk Act, you said you have it before you right
14 now, states that the Government of Canada is
15 committed to conserving biological diversity;
16 correct?
17 A. That's correct.
18 Q. Now, referring to your submissions, maybe it's best
19 if I actually take you to that page just so that
20 you're clear. It's page 23.
21 A. MR. WIACEK: Okay.
22 Q. It says:
23
24 "... additional measures are
25 required to mitigate the permanent
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1 or long-term effects of the JPME
2 Project on habitat loss for species
3 at risk and migratory birds."
4
5 And so my question about this provision here
6 is, and it's probably again for Mr. Wiacek, is it
7 your professional opinion that the mitigation
8 proffered by Shell will be insufficient to mitigate
9 the permanent or long-term effects of the Project
10 on species at risk and migratory birds?
11 A. Those are our conclusions within our submission.
12 There's insufficient mitigation to avoid and lessen
13 effects on species at risk and therefore our
14 recommendation is for additional mitigation. That
15 follows a mitigation hierarchy. Our preference is
16 definitely avoidance of effects first, followed by
17 minimization of effects.
18 Q. Okay. Now, on the topic of mitigation measures to
19 mitigate loss of habitat. Now, Environment Canada
20 recently created an operational framework for the
21 use of conservation allowances; correct?
22 A. MS. BARANIECKI: Yes, that is correct.
23 Q. Could you explain what is meant by "conservation
24 allowance"?
25 A. MR. WIACEK: A conservation allowance is
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1 it's similar to the term "conservation offset," so
2 it is, for example, it could be a parcel of land
3 that's identified that has equal or greater value
4 to the area that is disturbed and is put aside as a
5 conservation allowance or a conservation offset.
6 Q. And so you'd agree that offsets can be an important
7 part of mitigating terrestrial impacts?
8 A. Conservation allowances are a tool within the
9 mitigation hierarchy. Again, our preference is for
10 avoidance and minimization of effects. And
11 conservation allowances could be considered as a
12 last resort, but certainly our preference is for
13 avoidance and minimization of effects.
14 Q. So in terms of using allowances or offsets, I'll
15 use the term interchangeably, would you agree that
16 in terms -- so I understand you want to avoid or
17 minimize effects, but if it's known that a project
18 is going to cause effects would you agree that
19 offsets would be particularly relevant or important
20 when dealing with impacts that are long-term such
21 as loss of old-growth forest, or in cases where
22 it's irreversible loss such as the loss of
23 peatlands?
24 A. MS. BARANIECKI: So, yes, that's correct. The
25 conservation allowance is, as Mr. Wiacek had
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1 stated, it is another tool in that toolbox, if you
2 will, for mitigation. So it is something that
3 could be considered to enable the mitigation for
4 any residual losses of habitat.
5 Q. It could be considered but would you agree that it
6 would be particularly important or relevant in
7 cases when you're dealing with long-term or
8 irreversible loss?
9 A. Again, these are the considerations you have to
10 look at each case by case, and determine whether or
11 not the allowance would be an appropriate tool or
12 an appropriate mechanism for that type of
13 mitigation. But it is one of the options that's
14 available.
15 Q. Okay, so, for example, if you're talking about loss
16 of peatlands, maybe Mr. Wiacek could answer me,
17 talking about loss of peatlands which is currently
18 irreversible loss we can't reclaim, would offsets
19 not be a particularly important aspect of
20 mitigation in that case?
21 A. They certainly could be considered. Of course
22 there's a number of criteria that would have to be
23 evaluated when looking at an offset in terms of
24 location, the equivalency, and so forth. So there
25 are definitely a number of criteria that have to be
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1 considered. And again, in terms of, for example,
2 loss of peatlands, our preference is to look at
3 other options first, whether the effects can be
4 avoided. For example, the drawdown effects on the
5 lenticular fen, which is a very unique fen within
6 the Regional Study Area. Shell indicates that
7 that's the only example of that fen within their
8 Regional Study Area. It has high biodiversity
9 value. It may support a number of species at risk.
10 There's a number of rare plants that occur on that
11 site. And Shell has identified it as a special
12 plant community and it's been identified as a
13 special plant community in other environmental
14 assessments, in particularly the Kearl
15 Environmental Assessment.
16 So we would first prefer that other measures
17 be used to mitigate effects on important habitats.
18 Q. And I understand that. But in this particular
19 case, we know that there's going to be significant
20 loss of wetlands, peatlands, particularly in the
21 LSA, and also there'll be some loss within the RSA
22 of peatlands, that's the plan, that's what Shell
23 has put forward. So in this case where you know
24 there's going to be loss of peatlands, would you
25 not agree that using offsets would be a
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1 particularly important or valuable tool for
2 mitigation?
3 A. MS. BARANIECKI: So, Mr. Chairman, just to
4 confirm. So I think what we're saying here, as
5 outlined within recommendation number 1, based on
6 our submission and based on the evidence provided
7 within the analysis, that there are a number of
8 tools that are available. So, again, the
9 conservation allowance is certainly one tool that
10 could be considered and could be suitable within
11 that suite.
12 Q. Okay. Now, would you agree that this is an
13 appropriate project for conservation offsets? I
14 know you said that there's a bunch of tools in the
15 toolbox, but is this Project, in particular, would
16 it be appropriate to use conservation offsets?
17 A. I would agree that's what we're saying within our
18 recommendation that that would be an appropriate
19 tool that could be considered.
20 Q. And in order for those offsets to be effective,
21 would you agree that they should be within the
22 Regional Municipality of Wood Buffalo?
23 A. I think at this point, that's where referring back
24 to the operational framework would then provide
25 that guidance. So If Shell were to consider the
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1 use of a conservation allowance, the operational
2 framework then provides that guidance of those
3 elements that could be considered and obviously the
4 location is one of the items that's indicated. I
5 mean, for the effectiveness of a conservation
6 allowance, it needs to be, you know, relative to
7 the habitat that we're trying to look at.
8 Q. So would that be "yes," then?
9 A. Yes.
10 Q. And I also note, speaking about the document, the
11 Conservation Allowance Framework, on page 8, you
12 state that conservation allowance could:
13
14 "... be a condition within a
15 Decision Statement issued under
16 CEAA 2012."
17
18 Would you recommend as Environment Canada or
19 as the Government of Canada that this Project be a
20 case where a condition is placed within the
21 Decision Statement for the use of conservation
22 allowances?
23 A. So at this point in time, it would be very
24 premature to even speculate on that point. The
25 purpose of our evidence and our testimony here,
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1 Panel Members, is to provide you with this
2 information. And at this point, it would be
3 premature to comment on and speculate what would be
4 in the Decision Statement issued by the Government
5 of Canada, as obviously we would first need to see
6 the report and recommendations from the Panel.
7 Q. But Environment Canada can make recommendations to
8 the Panel; correct?
9 A. Yes, Environment Canada has made a number of
10 recommendations throughout our submission.
11 Q. But you're saying it's premature to make a
12 recommendation in relation to offsets?
13 A. It's premature to make a recommend at this point in
14 time with respect to what may or may not be in the
15 Decision Statement, because that follows up after
16 the JRP has issued their report.
17 Q. Okay. Now turning to the issue of migratory birds.
18 And again this is a general question to the panel.
19 Would it be fair to say that Environment Canada is
20 concerned that the Project could cause impacts on
21 migratory bird species?
22 A. I think Dr. Song will be answering that.
23 A. MS. SONG: Yes.
24 Q. And there's currently no process available that you
25 are aware of that can completely prevent impacts to
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1 migratory birds caused by tailings ponds or
2 process-affected water during severe weather, is
3 there?
4 A. MR. WIACEK: There have been a number of
5 incidents of migratory birds landing in tailings
6 ponds during adverse weather conditions. So there
7 are certainly deficiencies with, or limitations
8 with the deterrent systems at those times.
9 Q. So then I'll just ask again. So then you're not
10 aware of any process that can completely prevent
11 impacts in those cases to migratory birds?
12 A. That's correct.
13 Q. Okay, thank you. Now, I also note in your
14 submissions from October 1st that you state that
15 there has only been one year of standardized data
16 collection regarding mortality of birds that landed
17 on process affected ponds. So would it be accurate
18 to say that little is currently known about the
19 impacts of landing on tailings on birds?
20 A. That's correct. I believe one of the
21 recommendations out of Colleen Cassady St. Clair's
22 2011 Report was to do some additional research on
23 the actual mortality rate. It's unclear really how
24 many birds do perish on the ponds.
25 Q. Okay.
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1 THE CHAIRMAN: Ms. Gorrie, sorry to
2 interrupt, could I ask you to try to speak a little
3 more slowly.
4 MS. GORRIE: Okay.
5 Q. And you also mention the off-site mortality. And
6 I'm just wondering, could you explain a little bit
7 more what you mean when you talk about "off-site
8 mortality"?
9 A. That refers to when birds may contact bitumen on a
10 tailings pond, but fly away. And because of that
11 contact, they may perish elsewhere. We have no
12 information on the rate or rate of mortality or how
13 much mortality there would be from that and whether
14 there would be any mortality from that.
15 Q. So it hasn't been investigated or looked into yet?
16 A. To my knowledge, no.
17 Q. Okay. And the Government of Canada has
18 international and federal commitments to protect
19 migratory birds, does it not?
20 A. That's correct. Under the Migratory Birds
21 Convention Act and regulations.
22 Q. And does Environment Canada have any concerns about
23 this Project frustrating the government's ability
24 to meet its commitments to protect migratory birds
25 and their habitat?
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1 A. MS. BARANIECKI: Sorry, what would you mean by
2 "frustrating"?
3 Q. Making it difficult to meet the commitments, making
4 it impossible, potentially.
5 A. I think we're getting into a policy question.
6 That's not something that we can answer.
7 Q. Okay. Now, another piece of your submission,
8 page 32, you don't really need to look at it. I'll
9 read it out. You state that:
10
11 "... a number of studies and
12 analyses have demonstrated high
13 levels of existing and potential
14 future habitat loss and possible
15 adverse effects on species at risk
16 and migratory birds in this
17 region."
18
19 And then you say that these studies include
20 Shell's own analysis. And then you also mention
21 Teck Resources 2011.
22 So my question is could you explain what
23 evidence is included in the Teck 2011 Application
24 that you reference?
25 A. MR. WIACEK: Teck, in their analysis, they
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1 looked at Natural Range of Variability in a number
2 of species at risk and other wildlife. And their
3 analysis shows that from the Pre-Industrial Case to
4 the Planned Development Case, so the cumulative
5 effects assessment, that a number of species were
6 being driven well below the lower boundary or the
7 lower level of their Natural Range of Variation.
8 And for some species, for example the olive eye
9 flycatcher, a threatened species under SARA, I
10 think it was in the magnitude of 40 to 50 percent
11 below the Natural Range of Variation. So that
12 certainly indicates that there's a substantial
13 amount of habitat loss within the Regional Study
14 Area that was analyzed for that project.
15 Q. Okay, thank you. And I just have some questions
16 about a document that's not on the record. I'm
17 guessing first I'll ask you. At page 20 of your
18 October 1st submission, you make a reference to a
19 SARA-CEAA document, 2010. And I'm guessing I know
20 which one that is, but I just want to confirm that.
21 A. The SARA-CEAA Guide, yes.
22 Q. Is it the Addressing Species at Risk Act
23 Considerations under the Canadian Environmental
24 Assessment Act for Species? I can pass you a copy
25 if it's easier. It's under the policy and
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1 guideline series for Species at Risk Act.
2 A. So is it the Addressing Species at Risk Act
3 Considerations under the Canadian Environmental
4 Assessment Act for Species under the Responsibility
5 of the Minister responsible for Environment Canada
6 and Parks Canada?
7 Q. So that document is Addressing Species at Risk Act
8 Considerations under the Canadian Environmental
9 Assessment Act for Species under the Responsibility
10 of the Minister responsible for Environment Canada
11 and Parks Canada. So I'll just pass out some
12 copies. So this is where earlier you'd mentioned
13 Section 79(2) of SARA and I said I'd get back to
14 that. I just wanted to point to this document.
15 There's a couple of points of interest. In
16 particular, page 14 of the document.
17 And it's the second paragraph, starts,
18 "However...". let me know when you've located?
19 A. I'm there.
20 Q. Okay, great. And so it reads:
21
22 "However, Subsection 79(2) of
23 SARA establishes a requirement to
24 avoid or lessen all adverse effects
25 of a project on listed wildlife
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1 species and critical habitat,
2 regardless of the significance of
3 those effects."
4
5 Correct?
6 A. That's correct. And that's how we framed our
7 submission or a portion of our submission.
8 Q. Right. And, yeah, I know it's in your submission
9 you were talking about -- so it's not just whether
10 it's significant effects, it's all adverse effects;
11 correct?
12 A. That's correct, yes. Under 79(2) there's the
13 obligation to avoid and lessen effects regardless
14 of their significance.
15 Q. Okay.
16 A. For species at risk.
17 Q. Thank you for that clarification. Now, if I could
18 just ask you to turn to page 34. And there's a
19 section entitled "Required Analysis."
20 A. Okay, I'm there.
21 Q. And it just reads:
22
23 "From a practical
24 perspective, the obligation under
25 subsection 79(2) of SARA, reinforce
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1 the need for federal and
2 environmental assessments to pay
3 particular attention to listed
4 wildlife species and their critical
5 habitat."
6
7 Correct?
8 A. That's correct, yes.
9 Q. I would just like to shift gears quickly here.
10 Just a quick question about caribou. Mr. Virc, I
11 realize that you're involved with caribou and the
12 recovery strategy and the recovery planning
13 process.
14 Now, the Woodland Caribou Boreal Population
15 Recovery Strategy, in and of itself does not
16 provide protection for the caribou herds in
17 north-eastern Alberta; is that correct?
18 A. MR. VIRC: For north-eastern Alberta, it
19 does where there are boreal caribou ranges
20 identified.
21 Q. What protection does it provide?
22 A. Well, the protections that are afforded under the
23 Species at Risk Act. And so now that we have a
24 Recovery Strategy that has been completed, and
25 posted, the Species at Risk Act can now come into
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1 force in terms of the Recovery Strategy. So
2 specifically, we have critical habitat that is
3 identified in the Recovery Strategy, and so where
4 there's Federal land, that would come into play.
5 Now, for the boreal caribou in north-eastern
6 Alberta, the ranges have been identified. So
7 that's how that would come into play.
8 Q. And you mentioned protection on federal land, but
9 the species in north-eastern Alberta are not on
10 federal land; correct?
11 A. That's correct. Well, there are some portions of
12 land that are federal land.
13 Q. Okay. So just to be clear, there are protections
14 provided to federal species on federal lands
15 automatically but not for species on provincial
16 land, which is what we're talking about here;
17 correct?
18 A. That's correct. And so primarily, the local
19 population ranges in the Recovery Strategy in
20 north-eastern Alberta are on provincial or
21 non-federal lands.
22 Q. Thank you.
23 Would you agree that the Government of
24 Alberta's efforts to date have been insufficient to
25 protect boreal caribou habitat in north-eastern
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1 Alberta?
2 A. I'm not able to comment on the Government of
3 Alberta's efforts unfortunately.
4 Q. So in your experience in doing recovery planning
5 for the species, you haven't had any experience on
6 what has been done provincially and the impacts of
7 provincial action?
8 A. With regards to the Province of Alberta and
9 developing the Recovery Strategy, they've been very
10 helpful in providing information and working with
11 the Federal Government in completing the Recovery
12 Strategy. So I can say that we have worked very
13 closely with the Province of Alberta and their
14 staff in developing our Federal Recovery Strategy.
15 Q. Okay, so you've worked closely with them, but in
16 terms of the actual actions that they've taken to
17 protect habitat, what's your experience?
18 A. In the context of the Recovery Strategy, there are
19 actions that are identified there. And we state
20 very clearly in the Recovery Strategy that there
21 are roles and responsibilities that are those of
22 the Province of Alberta, and as well as those of
23 the Federal Government. So those are outlined.
24 And with regards to the Recovery Strategy, there
25 are additional steps to be taken when moving on
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1 into the future, and Alberta again has been
2 supportive of those, so we are expecting that to
3 move forward very well.
4 Q. Just to get back for a second on the issue of
5 mitigation. We were talking about offsets or
6 conservation allowances. And the suite of tools in
7 the toolbox. In your opinion, are there any
8 mitigation measures that would be more effective
9 than offsets for mitigating loss to peatlands that
10 are permanently destroyed by the Project?
11 A. MR. WIACEK: As we indicated earlier, or
12 as I indicated earlier, avoidance would be our
13 preference and followed by minimization of effects.
14 Q. But in terms of mitigating effects that have
15 occurred?
16 A. MS. BARANIECKI: Sorry, we just need a moment
17 to clarify this.
18 Q. Certainly.
19 A. MR. WIACEK: Certainly monitoring would
20 come into play there, and adaptive management.
21 Q. Monitoring would mitigate the potential effects?
22 A. Well, it would provide information that would
23 assist in mitigating effects.
24 Q. But my question was if it was more effective than
25 offsets. So are you saying monitoring is more
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1 effective than offsets?
2 A. We're not saying that, no.
3 Q. So again, my question is is there any mitigation
4 more effective than offsets, and recognizing that
5 you should avoid or minimize if you can, but?
6 A. Well, really, offsets are the last or conservation
7 allowances are the last step within the mitigation
8 hierarchy, so, again, we would want to go through
9 the hierarchy and avoid, as we've talked about, and
10 minimize those effects. So when you've done those,
11 the last step would be, would be a conservation
12 allowance.
13 Q. So is it fair to say that it would be the most
14 effective tool for mitigating in that circumstance?
15 A. Again, it would be the last tool that should be
16 considered. And the most effective tools would be
17 to avoid and minimize effects.
18 Q. So I understand that you want to avoid and
19 minimize, but what are you recommending be done if
20 and when the area is mined and peatlands are lost?
21 A. MS. BARANIECKI: So I think, Panel Members,
22 just to confirm, that basically that that
23 recommendation, Recommendation 1, each of those
24 bullets are not individual and exclusive of each
25 other, it's one complete recommendation that
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1 outlines a series of mitigation options that could
2 be employed within this Project. It talks about
3 obviously avoidance and minimization, that we
4 talked about already. It talks about monitoring
5 and it talks about at the end there, the
6 consideration of conservation allowances. So
7 again, we need to look at these things as a
8 package. So it is one complete recommendation and
9 it outlines a number of opportunities for
10 mitigation.
11 Q. Yeah, I realize that and I read your
12 recommendation. I'm just asking, in the event, we
13 realize we want to minimize and avoid, but in the
14 event that that does not occur, and wetlands,
15 peatlands, are destroyed, would Environment Canada
16 recommend offsets?
17 A. At this point we are not recommending offsets. The
18 Proponent has not considered that as an option.
19 And so that option has not been evaluated. So we
20 are presenting this information here for the Panel
21 so that the Panel can consider the full suite of
22 mitigation that might be available.
23 Q. So, sorry, so you're saying because the Proponent
24 didn't raise it as an option, you didn't consider
25 it?
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1 A. It wasn't evaluated because it wasn't part of the
2 review. And so therefore our recommendation
3 includes the full suite of mitigation, and it's
4 noted that the consideration of a conservation
5 allowance is one of the options.
6 MS. GORRIE: And just to get direction
7 from you, Mr. Chairman. I didn't pass out the
8 Operational Framework, and it's not an exhibit and
9 I don't intend to refer to it again, but I'm just
10 wondering if you'd like to have it marked for
11 identification purposes since it was referenced.
12 THE CHAIRMAN: Sorry, the --
13 MS. GORRIE: The Operational Framework for
14 Use of Conservation Allowances. It's an
15 Environment Canada document that they referenced in
16 their materials, but an actual copy is not on the
17 record.
18 THE CHAIRMAN: I would like to mark it for
19 identification. And I'm not sure what the order
20 should be, but we had the species at risk document.
21 This one that should be marked. Should we mark
22 that 041?
23 MS. GORRIE: Sure.
24
25 EXHIBIT 017-041: SPECIES AT RISK ACT POLICIES
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1 AND GUIDELINE SERIES
2
3 THE CHAIRMAN: And the other will be 042.
4 MS. GORRIE: 042.
5
6 EXHIBIT 017-042: OPERATIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR USE
7 OF CONSERVATION ALLOWANCES
8
9 MS. GORRIE: Thank you.
10 A. MS. BARANIECKI: Sorry, Ms. Gorrie, if I may.
11 I just wanted to clarify, too, I know when we were
12 contacted earlier in October for this document, we
13 were in a period where this document was actually
14 being updated and translated. And so the copy you
15 did receive by e-mail was obviously the final
16 draft. I can say that that document is now
17 available, French and English, on the website. And
18 if it's useful to parties, we can also provide the
19 actual internet link. But that document is
20 available publicly as per the original intention.
21 Q. Okay, great, thank you. Shifting gears now, I want
22 to talk about some follow-up on past Panel
23 recommendations. And I have with me -- I guess
24 I'll back up.
25 OSEC submitted an Information Request in
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1 respect to some previous recommendations that were
2 directed towards at least in part to Environment
3 Canada, and received a response from counsel. And
4 so I have with me the Response to Oil Sands
5 Environmental Coalition Information Request to
6 Federal Government Participant Departments. And
7 that's from October of this year. So I'll just
8 pass out some copies.
9 A. We've got copies, thanks.
10 Q. So just a few questions on this. In particular,
11 I'm curious about Information Request 12. And
12 that's also found on page 12. Let me know when
13 you've found the page, please.
14 A. MR. WIACEK: I'm there.
15 Q. Great. So this is in reference to the Albian Sands
16 Decision Report which is 2006. And in that report,
17 it states in the preamble here:
18
19 "The Panel recommended that:
20 Environment Canada collaborate with
21 AENV", which is Alberta
22 Environment, "in a review of the
23 cumulative impacts on the Yellow
24 Rail in the oil sands region using
25 appropriate regional nocturnal
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1 surveys in areas of potentially
2 suitable habitat within the next
3 two years; the initiative should
4 also determine mitigation options
5 to minimize the impact on the
6 Yellow Rail."
7
8 So basically OSEC's request was for a
9 follow-up on that and to ask what had been done.
10 And I note that in your response you state that the
11 results of -- so you mention a project-specific
12 survey and regional surveys, and you also state
13 that (as read):
14
15 "The results of the surveys
16 should inform the determination of
17 mitigation measures and that EC is
18 working closely with AENV and mine
19 operators to develop mitigation
20 options."
21
22 So my question for the panel, I'm not sure
23 who the appropriate individual might be, but my
24 question is whether mitigation options have in fact
25 been developed?
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1 A. My understanding is that mitigation options for the
2 mines have not yet been developed. The operators
3 have conducted surveys on their leases. And we are
4 working, Environment Canada is working with AENV to
5 fulfill the monitoring requirements and the
6 identification of mitigation measures on the leases
7 as per the provincial EPEA permit conditions. So
8 we are working closely with the Province on that.
9 Q. Okay, so just to be clear, so the panel requested
10 that the mitigation options be determined by 2008;
11 but that work is still in process?
12 A. That's correct.
13 Q. Do you have any idea of when that work will be
14 completed?
15 A. Well, the monitoring program would be ongoing, so
16 it is an ongoing process. So I don't think there
17 would be a definitive end date to that. Additional
18 surveys are required on the leases. And we are
19 providing this informing to the Province.
20 Q. But in terms of determining mitigation options,
21 when will those options be finalized?
22 A. That will depend in part on the results of the
23 surveys.
24 Q. Which will be completed?
25 A. Well, the plan is to have additional surveys this
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1 coming -- or next summer. And I should clarify
2 that there have been surveys already. The Alberta
3 EPEA permit requires a monitoring program which
4 indicates repeated surveys on the sites to look at
5 changes in yellow rail populations. So, you know,
6 that monitoring is done over time. And as you
7 collect that information, that will inform the
8 mitigation in terms of whether you need to avoid
9 certain areas or apply certain mitigation in
10 particular areas. So it is a, it's a continuous
11 process.
12 Q. Right. Okay. So we're talking at least 2013,
13 maybe later, before we are going to see any
14 mitigation for the species at risk?
15 A. Correct.
16 Q. The next Information Request is number 15, which is
17 found at page 16. And I'm sorry I misled you, I
18 said I was just doing terrestrial and climate
19 change, but I have one question on naphthenic
20 acids. So have you found that spot?
21 A. MS. BARANIECKI: We have.
22 Q. So just to give some background. This request is
23 in relation to the 2011, January 2011 Joslyn North
24 Mine Decision Report. And in that report, the
25 Panel recommended that:
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1
2 "The federal and provincial
3 governments work with the Canadian
4 Council of Ministers of the
5 Environment to develop specific
6 water quality objectives for
7 naphthenic acids."
8
9 So we basically, OSEC I mean, requested an
10 update on where that is at. And in the response,
11 you stated that, let me just check here, you state
12 that in September of this year, Environment Canada
13 completed a comparative study to assess the current
14 analytical methods for total naphthenic acids. Is
15 that correct?
16 A. That's correct, as stated in the response.
17 Q. But you then began testing the aquatic toxicity of
18 total naphthenic acids. When did this work begin?
19 A. I think I just have to confer with Dr. Spry.
20 We're not sure on the exact date, but we do
21 know it was within sometime within the past year.
22 Q. So within sometime in 2012?
23 A. 2011.
24 Q. Okay. Now, at the end of your response, you state
25 that (as read):
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1
2 "Further substantial effort
3 will be required for EC to evaluate
4 total naphthenic acids to develop a
5 water quality objective for total
6 naphthenic acids."
7
8 So would it be fair to say that specific
9 water quality objectives for naphthenic acids are
10 still a ways away?
11 A. If I could just get you to repeat that phrase. It
12 doesn't line up with the text I have here.
13 Q. Sure. The last paragraph here, so it says "further
14 substantial effort...", do you see where I'm at,
15 page 16?
16 A. Yes, thank you.
17 Q. Do you need me to reread it?
18 A. Just what you were reading didn't line up with what
19 we had here.
20 Q. Did I skip some words?
21 A. Possibly. I just want to confirm that we are on
22 the same spot.
23 Q. Do you want to read in that paragraph just so we're
24 both clear on what it says?
25 A. Sure, that would be not a problem. So it says:
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1
2 "Further substantial effort
3 will be required for Environment
4 Canada to evaluate total naphthenic
5 acids from a variety of oil sands
6 process waters and natural waters,
7 using a full range of bioassays to
8 develop a water quality objective
9 for total naphthenic acid."
10
11 Q. Great. So then my question again would be, is it
12 fair to say that the specific water quality
13 objectives for NAs or naphthenic acids is still a
14 ways away?
15 A. That's fair to say.
16 Q. And could you give me a ballpark estimate in terms
17 of when we can expect to see these objectives?
18 A. Not realistically we can't provide that ballpark
19 right now.
20 Q. Can you give me like 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016?
21 A. I think Dr. Spry can clarify some of the
22 complexities around this particular item.
23 A. MR. SPRY: Well, as it relates to the
24 development of a water quality guideline, there are
25 a number of complexities that we will have to deal
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1 with. The, as you no doubt know, this is a very
2 complex group of chemicals. And so we're trying to
3 workout an approach, I guess it's basically a
4 two-pronged approach, looking at pure naphthenic
5 acids and testing those in bioassays.
6 We are also, the research scientists at
7 Environment Canada are working with extracts from
8 the tailings ponds and trying to characterize
9 those. We know that the toxicity within that group
10 is variable and so we're trying to work out an
11 approach, so that's going to take a while.
12 And the other, I guess the other sort of
13 bookkeeping part of the equation is moving it
14 through the Canadian Council of Ministers of the
15 Environment. And that is a 14-jurisdiction panel
16 that reaches agreement by consensus. And so that
17 process will add to the time that it takes to
18 develop this.
19 Q. Okay, it sounds like there's still a lot of work to
20 be done. So in terms of estimates, is it possible
21 that it could be decades before we see an
22 objective? Not trying to be funny, but honestly.
23 A. Well, I think since the goal of the Canadian Water
24 Quality Guidelines is to be protective, I think we
25 can perhaps find some model chemicals or some way
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1 of working through that a little more
2 expeditiously. And I would think that five years
3 might not be unreasonable.
4 Q. Okay. I'm wondering, do you know if the Government
5 of Alberta is undertaking any work to advance this
6 Project?
7 A. I don't specifically, although we will be trying to
8 work with Alberta Environment as we go forward.
9 Q. Okay.
10 MS. GORRIE: Mr. Chairman, I would like to
11 ask that this document be marked as an exhibit, the
12 Response to Oil Sands Environmental Coalition
13 Information Request to Federal Government
14 Participant Departments.
15 THE CHAIRMAN: 043.
16
17 EXHIBIT 017-043: RESPONSE TO THE OILSANDS
18 ENVIRONMENTAL COALITION INFORMATION REQUEST TO
19 FEDERAL GOVERNMENT PARTICIPANT DEPARTMENTS
20
21 MS. GORRIE: Sounds right to me.
22 Q. So my final line of questioning is in relation to
23 climate change.
24 Now, it's been referenced a few times and
25 it's referenced in your submissions that Canada's
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1 commitment to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by
2 17 percent below 2005 levels by 2020. So under
3 current Federal policies, Canada's failing to meet
4 that commitment; is that right?
5 A. MS. BARANIECKI: I disagree with that
6 statement. We are currently only in the year 2012
7 and that commitment was to meet that target by
8 2020.
9 Q. Okay, I'll rephrase that. You're not on track to
10 meet that commitment, are you?
11 A. I think as the Government of Canada has made
12 significant progress in this area, and we are
13 currently halfway to that target, and have already
14 started addressing some of the issues with two key
15 sectors, in particular transportation and
16 electricity, so I would say there has been
17 significant progress in this regard.
18 Q. But you're not actually on target to meet, like,
19 there has been evidence presented in this hearing,
20 Environment Canada documents presented showing the
21 trajectory in terms of how emissions are proceeding
22 in meeting the 2020 target. And so my question is
23 whether looking at the trajectory as it is right
24 now, are you headed towards meeting that target in
25 2020?
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1 A. The Government of Canada is still committed to
2 meeting that target. It's certainly acknowledged
3 that there's still work to be done.
4 Q. Okay. So in terms of this Project, if it were to
5 proceed, you'd agree that it will further
6 contribute to Canada's potential inability to meet
7 the 2020 target; correct?
8 A. Again, I would state that we're on -- we're
9 committed to meeting that target, so it wouldn't be
10 that these emissions are contributing to that
11 inability, but certainly this Project would
12 contribute to the overall emissions?
13 Q. I said potential inability. So is it contributing
14 to the potential inability to meet the target?
15 A. I disagree with that statement again in the sense
16 that there is still work to be done and there's
17 still regulations that are being developed for this
18 sector.
19 Q. So you disagree with the statement but you also
20 just said it's going to increase emissions, this
21 project will increase emissions. Sorry, I'm
22 confused as to how those two reconcile.
23 A. I mean, the Project as proposed indicates a certain
24 amount of emissions that would be obviously emitted
25 with respect to greenhouse gases.
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1 Q. Okay. So then if I rephrase it, it will make it
2 more difficult to meet the target if this Project
3 goes ahead?
4 A. I'm afraid we can't comment on that because we
5 don't have the draft regulations in hand.
6 Q. But you know what the target is and you know that
7 there's going to be increased emissions from this
8 Project; correct?
9 A. I think what's important here is that there's also
10 going to be further action with further regulation.
11 Q. But a project that is increasing emissions is not
12 going to help you meet your target, whatever the
13 target is; would you not agree with that?
14 A. I think we'd have to look at that in the context of
15 all the other actions being undertaken and the
16 other emissions within the sector.
17 Q. So you talk about your, about the federal
18 regulations. There currently are no federal
19 regulations in place, correct, in relation to
20 greenhouse gas emissions from the oil sands?
21 A. That's correct.
22 Q. Now, I note in your October 1st submission, you say
23 that you expect to release draft regulations next
24 year and those regulations will put limits on the
25 amount of greenhouse gas emissions from oil sands
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1 operations. Is that the intent?
2 A. It's premature for us to comment on what the
3 content of those regulations would entail.
4 Q. So there's regulations that are going to be coming
5 out but you don't know whether they are going to
6 include limits in terms of greenhouse gas emissions
7 and oil sands?
8 A. I just might need a mic at the back here.
9 Q. Continue your huddle.
10 A. That's better, less awkward.
11 Q. Mr. Fox?
12 A. MR. FOX: Yes. It's our
13 understanding that the greenhouse gas regulations
14 for oil and gas will include emissions from the oil
15 sands projects.
16 Q. And is the intent that those regulations will put
17 limits on the amount of emissions?
18 A. We're actually not privy to what the regulations
19 will be, so it's premature for us to really discuss
20 that.
21 Q. Okay.
22 A. But we have been assured that the plan is to have
23 draft greenhouse gas regulations out next year.
24 Q. So it's not at the drafting stage yet, as far as
25 you know?
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1 A. At this moment, it's still at the discussion
2 stages.
3 Q. Okay. And are you able to comment on when you
4 anticipate that there will actually be final
5 regulations in force? I realize you said a draft
6 next year, but in terms of seeing something on
7 paper that's in force.
8 A. No, I can't give you a date.
9 Q. Now, back in 2008, the Federal Government produced
10 a framework document entitled "Turning the Corner."
11 Are you familiar with that?
12 A. I'm familiar with the title, yes.
13 Q. And so you're familiar, then, in this document, the
14 Government of Canada committed to enacting
15 regulations limiting greenhouse gas emissions by
16 January 1st, 2010?
17 A. I'm sorry, I'm not that familiar with the document.
18 Q. Is anyone on the panel familiar with the
19 commitments that were made by the Government of
20 Canada in a Federal Government document?
21 A. MS. BARANIECKI: No, sorry.
22 Q. Okay. So turning back to your October 1st
23 submissions, at page 46, you state that:
24
25 "The activities listed by the
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1 Proponent do not include sufficient
2 detail about the measures that
3 Shell Canada plans to use at each
4 stage of their operations to help
5 minimize or reduce greenhouse gas
6 emissions."
7
8 So my question to the panel is what further
9 information would Environment Canada require from
10 Shell?
11 A. MR. FOX: With that recommendation, we
12 acknowledge that Shell has presented a list of
13 general mitigation options. We're looking for more
14 detail in exactly what those mitigation options
15 would be and we would really like to see some
16 numbers attached with that of potential greenhouse
17 gas reductions. We feel that would help our review
18 and assessment of the potential mitigations in
19 greenhouse gas reductions.
20 Q. So do I understand you correctly that you mean you
21 want them to be able to tell you this mitigation
22 measure X will reduce emissions by this amount Y?
23 A. That is correct.
24 Q. So you'd agree then that as it's laid out right
25 now, it's impossible to know what the mitigation
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1 options that they have laid out, are actually going
2 to be able to mitigate their emissions?
3 A. That is correct.
4 Q. So then would it be fair to say that Environment
5 Canada is not satisfied that Shell will be able to
6 sufficiently mitigate the effects of greenhouse gas
7 emissions from the Project?
8 A. Shell as well as the other oil sands facilities
9 will have to comply with the greenhouse gas
10 regulations when they are developed and
11 implemented.
12 Q. Right, but I'm not talking about regulations, I'm
13 talking about mitigating project-specific impacts.
14 So based on the information that Shell's presented
15 in all of their materials, would it be fair to say
16 that Environment Canada is not satisfied that it
17 will be able to sufficiently mitigate the effects
18 from this Project?
19 A. I think we'd be more satisfied if we had additional
20 details on what the mitigation involved.
21 Q. Now turning to my final aid for today. I'm sure
22 you'll all be happy about that. It's a PowerPoint
23 from Environment Canada entitled "Climate Change
24 Impacts in Canada" and it's from September 28th of
25 2012.
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1 So you have that document?
2 A. MS. BARANIECKI: Yes.
3 Q. So my understanding is that this document talks
4 about, as the title suggests, impacts due to
5 climate change, and it talks about temperatures
6 increasing and leading to a wide range of impacts.
7 And so if I could ask you to turn to page 25 of
8 that PowerPoint, and unfortunately the page numbers
9 are really, really tiny.
10 A. MR. BONSAL: Yes, I have it.
11 Q. And Environment Canada produced this PowerPoint;
12 correct?
13 A. I do believe so. The first time I saw it was last
14 night and I'm not familiar with this PowerPoint,
15 exactly who within Environment Canada did produce
16 it.
17 Q. Okay.
18 A. But I see the Environment Canada logo on it.
19 Q. We didn't copy and paste that in. So, yes, if I
20 could ask you to turn to page 25. And you've got
21 it?
22 A. Yes, I do, thanks.
23 Q. Now I have to get it. So it states here that --
24 I'm looking at the first bullet -- maybe can you
25 read out the first bullet to me?
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1 A.
2 "Forests stressed by
3 warmer, drier conditions and forest
4 pests can present highly flammable
5 conditions and lead to an increase
6 in area affected by wild fires."
7
8 Q. Right. And then you'd agree here that then it goes
9 on to talk about examples of where there's been an
10 increase in areas burned by fire in B.C. and the
11 Yukon; right?
12 A. Yes, I see that.
13 Q. So do you have any information regarding the
14 impacts of drier conditions in forests in Alberta
15 specifically?
16 A. I do not specifically have that, no.
17 Q. But you'd agree that warmer, drier conditions being
18 caused by climate change could lead to increase in
19 wildfires in Alberta?
20 A. Yes.
21 Q. And that would include the RSA, the Regional Study
22 Area?
23 A. Yes.
24 MS. GORRIE: Thank you, panel. Those are
25 all my questions. And I'll now hand it over to my
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1 colleague, Ms. Buss.
2 THE CHAIRMAN: We'll mark the excerpt from
3 the Environment PowerPoint as 017-044.
4 MS. GORRIE: Thank you very much.
5
6 EXHIBIT 017-044: ENVIRONMENT CANADA, KEY CLIMATE
7 CHANGE IMPACTS TO CANADA
8
9 CROSS-EXAMINATION OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF CANADA
10 PANEL, BY OSEC, BY MS. BUSS:
11 Q. MS. BUSS: Good afternoon, panel.
12 My name is Karin Buss and I have a couple of
13 different areas to ask some questions about.
14 First I wanted to compliment you on your
15 submission. It helped to really elucidate some of
16 the issues, but I'm going to have some questions
17 with respect to clarifying it.
18 First I had a question arising out of your
19 brief comments this morning, Ms. Baraniecki.
20 You said that Environment Canada was here to
21 provide evidence on the merits of the Project. And
22 I'm wondering if you could clarify that. You're
23 not here to talk about whether the Project itself
24 is a good idea or not; is that correct?
25 A. MS. BARANIECKI: That's correct. We're here
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1 to present evidence and advice to the Panel with,
2 specifically with respect to areas relevant to our
3 mandate.
4 Q. I'd like to put it another way. Is it also true
5 that you're here to provide information and opinion
6 in your fields of expertise? You talked about how
7 you have a technical and scientific panel?
8 A. Within the realm of, again, Environment Canada's
9 mandate, then we do have a number of experts here
10 that can speak to that advice and can offer
11 information in that regard.
12 Q. But you're here to give your advice as a specialist
13 department and as a body of, as individuals who
14 have expertise in a particular discipline; would
15 that be fair?
16 A. That's fair. Again with respect to the mandated
17 areas.
18 Q. And that's to assist the Board in understanding,
19 the Panel in understanding the environmental
20 impacts of the Project; is that correct?
21 A. Generally, yes, that's correct.
22 Q. And also what mitigation options are available and
23 how effective they might be?
24 A. That's correct. And in fact, within our
25 submission, actually just referring to page 5, we
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1 outline basically the contribution of the
2 Environment Canada panel, witness panel here, to
3 provide a review of the Project to determine those
4 potential environmental effects and also to speak
5 to the mitigation that's proposed as well as
6 considerations for additional mitigation.
7 So it does outline that role quite clearly in
8 the front of our submission.
9 Q. And Mr. Makowecki, on behalf of DFO, or the
10 Department of Fisheries, your department, staff and
11 scientists are hear also to provide information and
12 opinion within the field of their expertise?
13 A. MR. MAKOWECKI: That's correct.
14 Q. Now, one thing I noticed, Ms. Baraniecki, is that
15 you said that your panel was here to speak with
16 respect to the "technical aspects" of the water,
17 the joint water monitoring initiative. Did I hear
18 that correctly?
19 A. MS. BARANIECKI: That's correct. And to
20 clarify, we actually have a number of panel members
21 obviously from the disciplines of air, water and
22 wildlife that are all involved or able to speak to
23 technical components with respect to the Joint
24 Canada-Alberta Integrated Oilsands Monitoring
25 Program.
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1 Q. And are you permitted to speak about the funding or
2 lack of funding for the water monitoring program?
3 A. That's an area that's outside of the evidence that
4 we filed and we're not able to speak to that.
5 Q. Have you been specifically advised not to speak
6 about that issue?
7 A. No, it's just outside of the area that we can speak
8 to. We're, again, not the group of experts
9 involved in the program.
10 Q. And none of you are knowledgeable about the funding
11 commitments that have been made to the program?
12 A. I'm not knowledgeable to those funding commitments.
13 I do know that there's various discussions
14 underway, but no information on details, no.
15 Q. Well, that's helpful.
16 I'm going to change to go to the end of my
17 questions here, but I'll work backwards with your
18 assistance.
19 Mr. Fox, would you be the person who could
20 answer questions about oil sands emissions
21 submitted to the National Pollution Registry
22 Inventory, sorry, Release Inventory?
23 A. MR. FOX: No, I wouldn't be the right
24 person for that. I'm afraid we don't have anyone
25 here that could speak directly to the NPRI.
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1 Q. Are you or Ms. Watt familiar with emissions from
2 the Oil Sands Region?
3 A. Familiar, yes.
4 Q. Are either of you able to confirm that mercury or
5 arsenic emissions have, sorry, mercury and arsenic
6 emissions have increased by 50 percent or greater
7 between 2009 and 2010? I'm speaking just of aerial
8 release.
9 A. No, Mr. Chair, I'm afraid we don't have information
10 on that with us. We're not able to speak to that.
11 Q. And is the NPRI a source of information that you
12 use regularly in your work?
13 A. Yes, it is. My field is more to deal with criteria
14 contaminants and not into the metals or toxics. So
15 my familiarity with the NPRI would be more in that
16 area.
17 Q. And how about you, Ms. Watt, are you more familiar
18 with the metals?
19 A. MS. WATT: I'm more familiar with the
20 criteria air contaminants as well.
21 Q. Do we have anybody here that's familiar with the
22 metals?
23 A. MS. MORRISON: I can't speak to an
24 assessment of the latest numbers for the metals in
25 NPRI.
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1 But I can answer the question that in the
2 scientific area in which I work, which is in the
3 air quality research division, we frequently use
4 the information in the NPRI to do our modelling and
5 other scientific assessments of air quality and
6 emissions.
7 Q. Perhaps, Ms. Morrison, then you would be so kind as
8 to undertake to confirm that the airborne emissions
9 reported to the NPRI from the oil sands industry in
10 Canada increased by more than 50 percent for
11 mercury between 2008 and 2010, and the same for
12 arsenic.
13 A. Yes, we will undertake that.
14
15 UNDERTAKING 37: MS. MORRISON TO CONFIRM THAT THE
16 AIRBORNE EMISSIONS REPORTED TO THE NPRI FROM THE
17 OIL SANDS INDUSTRY IN CANADA INCREASED BY MORE
18 THAN 50 PERCENT FOR MERCURY BETWEEN 2008 AND
19 2010, AND THE SAME FOR ARSENIC AND LEAD
20
21 MS. BUSS: And can you also confirm the
22 amount of increase in lead from 2006? Maybe I
23 could put it to you this way. Could you just
24 confirm for me, I can assist you, I'll give you
25 Exhibit 017-037, in which there's a slide that has
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1 three graphs of NPRI data, which I think came
2 from -- these charts actually came from Environment
3 Canada, but I couldn't find it. So if you could
4 just confirm for the record that they are accurate
5 and you can undertake to do that later.
6
7 UNDERTAKING 38: WITH RESPECT TO EXHIBIT 017-037
8 IN WHICH THERE'S A SLIDE THAT HAS THREE GRAPHS OF
9 NPRI DATA FROM ENVIRONMENT CANADA, TO CONFIRM FOR
10 THE RECORD THAT THEY ARE ACCURATE WITH RESPECT TO
11 MERCURY, ARSENIC AND LEAD
12
13 MR. LAMBRECHT: All right, so just to
14 confirm, the undertaking is to confirm that
15 information in Exhibit 017-037 is accurate?
16 MS. BUSS: Yes, with respect to the --
17 MR. LAMBRECHT: With respect to mercury,
18 arsenic and lead.
19 MS. BUSS: Yes.
20 MR. LAMBRECHT: And that's yes. Thank
21 you.
22 Q. MS. BUSS: Now I'm assuming that
23 Ms. Chambers might be the best person to ask, but
24 I'm not clear. We don't have any of the authors
25 of, I'm calling it the Kirk study here with us
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1 today, as far as I can tell. Maybe I'll step back
2 for a moment.
3 MS. BUSS: Mr. Chairman, I'm now going
4 to ask some questions related to the SETAC abstract
5 that was marked earlier today, 005-026.
6 A. MS. BARANIECKI: If we could just obtain a
7 copy of that. I think our copy migrated over to
8 the other table.
9 MS. BUSS: Mr. Chairman, do each of the
10 Board Members have a copy?
11 THE CHAIRMAN: Yes.
12 MS. BUSS: Okay.
13 Q. It means that the panel needs to share fewer
14 copies.
15 The first study I want to ask you about is
16 abstract 424, which for brevity I'm referring to as
17 the Kirk study, but is it Janet Kirk?
18 A. MS. CHAMBERS: Jane Kirk.
19 Q. From Environment Canada, research scientist. And
20 as well as Muir, M-U-I-R?
21 A. Muir.
22 Q. As well as several other scientists from various
23 departments within Environment Canada.
24 Is the full paper available entitled "Trends
25 in Atmospheric Deposition of Inorganic Contaminants
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1 to the Alberta Oil Sands Region Obtained from
2 Snowpack and Lake Sediment Core Measurements"?
3 A. No, this hasn't been produced as a publication yet.
4 The work that was done as part of this paper was
5 just done in the last, well, some of it was just
6 undertaken in March. And so the full publication
7 hasn't been written yet.
8 Q. All right. And the research was undertaken in 2011
9 and 2012?
10 A. That's correct.
11 Q. And what is your familiarity with it, Ms. Chambers?
12 Or is it Dr. Chambers?
13 A. MS. CHAMBERS: It's Dr. Chambers.
14 I'm not particularly familiar with it. I was
15 not an author on the study and I wasn't involved in
16 it, although I'm part of the larger oil sands
17 research program and monitoring program and
18 Environment Canada, so I have an awareness of it.
19 But I haven't seen the results of it other than
20 what is presented here.
21 Q. All right. So as far as you know, this is an
22 accurate representation of what the research
23 findings were?
24 A. I haven't seen any findings from the research at
25 all. So this is all that I know about it is what's
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1 in the abstract. And I have no reason to
2 disbelieve it.
3 Q. Is it possible for Environment Canada to confirm
4 that this abstract is true to the study results?
5 A. I can confirm that. I don't see that there would
6 be any reason why they would put in something that
7 was incorrect. But I can confirm that.
8 Q. Okay.
9 A. I will have to say that because the work is very
10 recent, and this is presented then as an abstract,
11 it is at a preliminary stage. That's the nature of
12 a presentation of this sort. So that as the data,
13 as additional data come in, and not all the data
14 from a study come in within days or weeks, some of
15 it trickles in over the course of a year depending
16 upon the lab's availability to analyze the results,
17 the results can be modified as additional data come
18 in.
19 But I think to the best of my knowledge, this
20 represents the situation of the currently available
21 data.
22 Q. Okay, so it sounds to me like you have no concerns
23 about us relying upon it?
24 A. No, I think it's reasonable to take what's there,
25 given -- with the proviso that this is preliminary
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1 results that have not yet been vetted by the
2 scientific community and have not been fully
3 analyzed.
4 Q. And it would be similar to much of the, well, maybe
5 not similar, but much of the information that's in
6 the Environmental Impact Assessment, for example,
7 hasn't been vetted by the scientific community?
8 A. That's probably fair enough, yeah, a fair
9 statement.
10 Q. And much of that might be preliminary as well?
11 A. I presume some of it probably is. I haven't read
12 the whole of the document.
13 Q. And this research that's being reported in this
14 abstract is based on samples, for example this one,
15 there were snow samples taken and they were
16 analyzed for contaminants, and those are basically
17 hard data that was reported; would that be a fair
18 summation?
19 A. This is based upon snow samples that were collected
20 in spring, I believe March 2011 and 2012. The
21 samples went to the laboratory for analysis, and it
22 would appear from the abstract that they are
23 reporting in this preliminary presentation on the
24 results of 13 metals, and it looks like, yes, I
25 think it's just the 13 metals that are being
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1 presented.
2 Q. All right. And those include arsenic and mercury;
3 correct?
4 A. Yes.
5 Q. And they found that of these 13 priority
6 pollutants, which are mostly metals, were 1.5 to 3
7 times higher within 50 kilometres of upgraders in
8 the Oil Sands Region?
9 A. Actually, I think it's 1.5 to 13 times higher. I'm
10 having to hold it out a bit myself, too.
11 Q. I'll have to pull my glasses down. All right, so
12 that wouldn't be, that's not a surprising result,
13 though, would you agree?
14 A. Well, no, it's consistent with the paper by
15 Kelly/Schindler and others that was published I
16 believe in 2010.
17 Q. And it's not surprising that contaminant levels
18 were higher within 10 kilometres of the upgraders?
19 A. I think they just speak about within 50 kilometres
20 of the upgrader, if I'm not mistaken. Oh, no, they
21 do say "and were highest within 10 kilometres of
22 the upgraders".
23 Q. And I also notice that they found particulate-bound
24 methyl mercury increased exponentially with
25 proximity to upgraders, which they say is important
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1 because methyl mercury is a neurotoxin that bio
2 accumulates. What does "particulate-bound" mean?
3 A. It usually means, and I'm not a mercury specialist
4 and I'm not sure -- oh, Heather, Dr. Morrison could
5 probably say a little bit more about mercury and
6 its nature.
7 A. MS. MORRISON: It means in the
8 atmosphere, it's found not in gaseous form, so as a
9 gas, it's either found in what we call an aerosol,
10 which is like a tiny droplet, or in particle form,
11 which means it's bound to another chemical that, I
12 mean, in layman's terms, it's like dust.
13 Q. So metals that are emitted from stacks and boilers
14 and that kind of equipment tends to be bound to
15 particulate, come out in dust-like form?
16 A. Usually when mercury is emitted, it's emitted from
17 a stack in two forms: The predominant form would
18 be the gaseous form; and then the other form would
19 be what we call either reactive gaseous or a
20 particulate form. The reactive gaseous form and
21 the elemental form can undergo very rapid chemical
22 reactions as the very hot gases leave the stack and
23 go into the cool atmosphere. And there's a lot of
24 other chemicals that come out with the mercury, so
25 you can get a lot of reactions. Those reactions
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1 tend to form particulate mercury or more reactive
2 gaseous mercury, both of which tend to rapidly
3 deposit from the atmosphere onto the surface.
4 So what you tend to find when you have
5 emissions of mercury from a stack, is that you get
6 a lot of mercury depositing close to the stack.
7 And then the rest that's mostly in the elemental
8 form will then get transported with the air mass,
9 and it can go, gaseous elemental mercury can travel
10 around the globe. I mean it's a pollutant that is
11 subject to a long-range transport.
12 So that would be very typical pattern to see
13 close to a source of emission where you have a
14 higher concentration of deposition of particulate
15 mercury close to the source.
16 Q. I'm going to ask this question now because it seems
17 to be related. But I understand that from other
18 engines like combustion from mine fleet, for
19 example, that you will get, the primary source of
20 metals release or emissions from the mine fleet
21 will also be in particulate form. And what is that
22 process, is that similar?
23 A. All combustion sources, it would be the same. It
24 just depends on what chemistry happens with the
25 co-pollutants that are being emitted, and if
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1 there's a lot of reaction that results in either
2 reactive gaseous mercury or particulate mercury,
3 then you get a lot of deposition, you know, near
4 the source of emission.
5 Q. Okay. Can you confirm that the Jackpine Mine
6 Expansion Project is within about 50 kilometres of
7 the upgraders that were studied in the Kirk report.
8 A. MS. MORRISON: I think the Kirk report
9 focused around what is referred to in a couple of
10 the other reports as AR6, which is a site in the
11 Athabasca, but I can't say offhand exactly where
12 that is.
13 Q. Is anybody able to say whether the Compensation
14 Lake that has been proposed to DFO is located
15 within 50 kilometres of an upgrader?
16 A. MR. MAKOWECKI: Subject to check, we believe
17 the Compensation Lake would be very close to
18 50 kilometres away from an upgrader.
19 Q. Now, Dr. Chambers, there's another study in the
20 SETAC report by a J.L. Parrott or Parot?
21 A. MS. CHAMBERS: Parrott.
22 Q. Also from Environment Canada from the National
23 Water Research Institute. And is that a he or a
24 she, I'm not sure?
25 A. She.
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1 Q. She was working with a similar team and looked at
2 whether, and took some snow-melt samples within
3 this 50 kilometre radius of the upgraders, and then
4 put minnows or minnow eggs in it and found that the
5 snow melt was toxic to fish. Is that the upshot of
6 that study?
7 A. Well, it shows that the snow melt that was
8 collected within, and I'm just scanning that
9 abstract myself as a matter, but I think it was
10 within about 50 kilometres, were toxic to fish.
11 It's three snow samples from around the oil sands
12 mining and refining areas were toxic to larval
13 minnows at 25 to 100 percent.
14 Q. All right. Well, it would be really useful to
15 speak with Dr. Parrott, but I guess we can't.
16 Because that doesn't tell us whether she meant both
17 mining and refining areas or that those two were
18 combined.
19 Okay. And I notice that there was also
20 higher concentrations of Polycyclic Aromatic
21 Hydrocarbons in metals also in the snow melt
22 samples?
23 A. That's consistent with what was reported in the
24 previous abstract, the one that we just discussed
25 by Kirk. And I think that was number 424. That
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1 some of these chemicals were higher closer to the
2 upgrader.
3 I should point out, too, and I think it's in
4 this abstract, that they did look at not only the
5 snow melt, but they had occasion to look at the
6 water that came, the water that was in the
7 Athabasca River in the spring as well. And they
8 observed no toxicity in that case.
9 Q. And that was in the spring of 2010?
10 A. Yes, that's right.
11 Q. And I suppose once you go into the river, then that
12 snow melt had been diluted by the spring water
13 levels?
14 A. Yes, that's right. So that the snow melt was
15 diluted and of course that's ...
16 Q. That was helpful to the fish?
17 A. Yes, very helpful to the fish. The fish aren't
18 occurring in the snow itself.
19 Q. I have a question. Going down to abstract 427. Is
20 it Dr. Muir?
21 A. Dr. Muir.
22 Q. Muir. Has an abstract which relates to taking
23 sediment samples from five lakes within 35
24 kilometres of bitumen upgrading facilities. And
25 this again is similar to the work of Kelly and
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1 Schindler et al, where they looked at sediment
2 samples?
3 A. I think the Kelly/Schindler 2010 were primarily
4 looking at water samples.
5 Q. I think there is --
6 A. Or maybe it's the 2009 that had the cores.
7 Q. I think it could be.
8 A. Okay.
9 Q. Anyway, again, this is replicating the approach
10 that's been used before?
11 A. Yes. The paleo-limnology work where they take
12 sediment cores and then they slice them and they
13 know what year those slices come from has been a
14 well-established technique.
15 Q. And what was interesting is that they found that
16 with respect to PAHs, and I guess that's primarily
17 what they are looking at, I'm not sure what DBTs
18 are, could you maybe explain that?
19 A. Oh, dibenzothiophenes. I can't tell you what they
20 are other than they are organic contaminant. If
21 somebody else can speak to that better than I. I
22 don't see anyone stepping up, I'm sorry.
23 Q. Okay, what about C1-C4-alkylated PAHs. That's just
24 a type of PAH?
25 A. Yes, that's just a type of PAH.
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1 Q. What was found by doing this work was that there
2 was an increase in PAHs since I believe the late
3 '70s, or since the early 1970s?
4 A. Yes.
5 Q. And what they noticed was that the total PAH flux,
6 do you know what a total PAH flux is?
7 A. Well, they've estimated the total amount based upon
8 analyzing the slices that have come from the cores
9 from the bottom of the lakes, they can calculate or
10 determine the total amount of PAH and look at the
11 total quantity that's been deposited in that
12 particular year or several years.
13 Q. So the total rise, it looks like went from 2.5 to
14 23 times greater than pre-1960 levels?
15 A. M'mm-hmm.
16 Q. Did I read that right?
17 A. Yes.
18 Q. And then the most -- sorry?
19 A. Yes, I was just going to repeat that sentence, yes.
20 Q. And the maximum concentrations were interestingly
21 in 2009 and 2010, so at the top of the sediment
22 strata. It says in four of the five near field
23 (phonetic) lakes.
24 A. Yes, maximum concentrations were observed from the
25 most recent, approximately 2009 to 2010 sediments.
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1 Q. All right. All right. So these, would you agree
2 that the effect of that study appears to be to
3 confirm that there is some effect on lakes or lakes
4 in the area are receiving contaminant loading of
5 some degree?
6 A. Well, the results indicate that there are PAHs
7 present in the sediments of the lakes, and that
8 they have increased in the last I think they say 20
9 years or so.
10 Q. Are any of these three, we talked about the first
11 one, but is there actually a full paper that's
12 available that's been submitted for publication or
13 submitted and circulated around Environment Canada
14 for example of papers of abstract 427 or 425?
15 A. Not to my knowledge. These are being presented as
16 preliminary, as early results.
17 Q. Is it possible to check?
18 A. Yes.
19 Q. Because I think if there's more information that
20 could be obtained on these studies, that might be
21 useful to the Panel. If there's a more fuller
22 description of the research in the form of a paper
23 or a fuller research report.
24 MR. LAMBRECHT: And is that a request by way
25 of undertaking?
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1 MS. BUSS: Yes, just to check if that's
2 available and if it's possible, to produce that.
3 A. So to check for a publication for 424, 425, and
4 427?
5 Q. If there's a full paper written or a more fulsome
6 research report written by the authors that would
7 be available to supplement the abstract.
8 MR. LAMBRECHT: Madam Reporter, I think
9 that's clear. Thank you.
10
11 UNDERTAKING 39: TO CHECK FOR A PUBLICATION FOR
12 424, 425, AND 427, AND IF THERE'S A FULL PAPER
13 WRITTEN OR A MORE FULSOME RESEARCH REPORT WRITTEN
14 BY THE AUTHORS THAT WOULD BE AVAILABLE TO
15 SUPPLEMENT THE ABSTRACT, TO PRODUCE SAME
16
17 MS. BUSS: I've had a request for a
18 break. I'm wondering if that would be convenient
19 to the Panel.
20 THE CHAIRMAN: It's a little early, but we
21 could do that. Are you thinking of the regular
22 break?
23 MS. BUSS: Yes. That would be fine.
24 THE CHAIRMAN: I have 2:51. We'll take
25 20 minutes.
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1 MS. BUSS: Thank you.
2
3 (The afternoon adjournment)
4
5 THE CHAIRMAN: Ladies and Gentlemen, we've
6 had some further input respecting next week. And
7 what we're going to do is commence argument on
8 Tuesday at 8:30 a.m. And the venue is the Sheridan
9 South on Argyll Road in Edmonton.
10 Would you like to continue, Ms. Buss.
11 MS. BUSS: Yes, thank you.
12 Q. I have another follow-up question for Environment
13 Canada. I'm assuming that the results of the three
14 research studies that we just looked at, would it
15 be correct that these results did not inform
16 Environment Canada's submission that's at
17 Exhibit 005-002?
18 A. MS. BARANIECKI: Yes, that's correct.
19 Q. And I take it that you weren't aware of this, the
20 panel wasn't aware of this research when they
21 arrived to give evidence this week?
22 A. MS. CHAMBERS: I was aware that the
23 fieldwork had been conducted but I wasn't aware
24 that the research was in a state that it was going
25 to be presented.
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1 Q. Prior to preparing your submission and preparing to
2 give evidence today, did you make inquiries as to
3 what research Environment Canada or Fisheries was
4 undertaking that might be relevant to oil sands in
5 particular, the issue before this Panel?
6 A. MR. BARANIECKI: Perhaps I could clarify a
7 little bit of our process that we undertake when we
8 do an Environmental Assessment particularly within
9 our department within Environment Canada.
10 So my group, the Environmental Protection
11 Operations Directorate in Prairie Northern Region,
12 we're responsible for the overall co-ordination of
13 the project review. And then we have a number of
14 team leads, lead coordinators on the various
15 subject matters who then network out within the
16 department in a very specified way to connect in
17 with various experts. And it will really largely
18 depend on what's contained within the project
19 proposal within that EIS review. So within that,
20 we look at the project as it's proposed, we analyze
21 that information, and then proceed with an analysis
22 with various experts. So that's how that's
23 performed.
24 So I guess to answer your question, Ms. Buss,
25 it wouldn't have been a general, I guess, survey,
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1 but the people that are working on this file are
2 the ones that are obviously knowledgeable about the
3 issues in this area and are linking in with our, I
4 guess: Our science generalists and our experts do
5 link in together as we complete our review.
6 Q. Well, judging by the CVs of some of the parties and
7 the fact that I've seen some of you at a number of
8 these similar occasions, is that you have people
9 who are tasked with reviewing environmental impact
10 assessments and commenting on them?
11 A. That's correct.
12 Q. But did you undertake prior to your submission any
13 kind of systematic search to determine if important
14 new research was being undertaken that might be
15 helpful for Panel to know?
16 A. Yes, so to clarify, within each of the science
17 teams, they would have conducted their review and
18 determined the information that was relevant as
19 part of that review in the formulation of questions
20 through the Supplementary Information Request
21 process, as well as through the development of the
22 submission, so we would have actually looked at the
23 information we had at hand within our body of
24 expertise. And again, our submission reflects sort
25 of those outstanding concerns and recommendations
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1 with respect to the project.
2 Q. From your team of people whose job it is to review
3 Environmental Impact Assessments; would that be
4 fair?
5 A. Partially fair. Some of the members of that team,
6 that's their primary function. But we do have a
7 number of members that are tasked as part of the
8 Environmental Assessment review team that are
9 primary researchers, for instance, but then they
10 come in on a specified component of the project
11 review.
12 Q. I guess what I'm trying to figure out is is there
13 other important work that might be going on that
14 isn't being presented? Because it was just
15 fortuitous that we were able to discover this,
16 these three papers.
17 A. MS. CHAMBERS: Well, I guess I could say
18 that there's certainly other research going on
19 because we've got a mandate to conduct research,
20 but the research that would have informed the
21 Environment Canada's position would largely have
22 been research that was already published, and so it
23 had been scientifically vetted, approved and
24 published and had been reviewed by the scientific
25 community in order to be able to meet the
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1 publication demands, the scientific publication
2 demands.
3 There's continuously other research that's
4 underway such as the studies that we discussed that
5 are being presented at SETAC. But it depends on
6 what comes up in a particular timeframe because
7 these are still preliminary results and, in fact, I
8 think there's some of them I think I could quite
9 safely say the data haven't all come in from the
10 2012, 2012 field trip. And so to then begin to
11 even think of speculating about what those data
12 mean and to interpret them in light of a submission
13 is a little premature.
14 Q. Maybe it would be for the Panel to interpret?
15 A. Fair enough.
16 Q. What about for Department of Fisheries and Oceans,
17 did you have a systematic way of ascertaining
18 whether there's relevant research going on in the
19 science division of Fisheries?
20 A. MR. MAKOWECKI: We have a process by which
21 our program requests information from science and
22 specifically lays out our priorities in any given
23 year for science to be done. And so by way of that
24 process, we're aware of the science that would help
25 inform us in our regulatory decisions. And we had
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1 made further inquiries on some of the issues
2 related to, specifically to mercury, actually,
3 prior to us attending here.
4 So we did inquire as to the status of some of
5 the research that's going on.
6 Q. What did you find out is there other research that
7 might shed some light on the potential impacts of
8 another oil sands mine?
9 A. We, at this stage, don't have any additional
10 information in our research division that would
11 help inform this Panel.
12 Q. And how about for Environment Canada, is there any
13 other research that might be potentially relevant
14 that you haven't told us about?
15 A. MS. CHAMBERS: There's research going on.
16 I'm not even sure whether the data -- I know in my
17 own case I have research going on in this general
18 area, but I haven't got the results back from the
19 laboratory yet. So it's underway, but I don't
20 think it's at a point where it can inform the
21 Panel.
22 Q. And what is the nature of that work?
23 A. I conduct water sampling in some of the tributaries
24 in the Oil Sands Region.
25 Q. Like the Muskeg River, for example?
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1 A. Yes.
2 Q. And when will that be available?
3 A. Well, I'm hoping -- I'm still waiting on results
4 from some of the analysis, in fact we're still
5 sampling, to the best of my knowledge. We've had
6 folks out in the last few days. The lab results
7 I'm hoping from this year will be completed by the
8 end of March. And I'm hoping to be able to have at
9 that time an inventory of the data that have been
10 collected available and probably, if the data all
11 come in by the end of March, within a month or so.
12 Some preliminary statistics from on that data.
13 Q. All right. Thank you.
14 Now, I do have a question about another
15 Environment Canada National Wildlife Research
16 Centre paper from Craig Hebert, which I provided to
17 your counsel yesterday. I think Ms. Baraniecki has
18 it. There's a hot demand for research reports so
19 I'm losing my copies here.
20 All right, so this paper on Metals and
21 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Colonial Water
22 Bird Eggs from Lake Athabasca and Peace-Athabasca
23 Delta was just published in February of 2011.
24 Would Dr. Chambers be familiar with this?
25 A. No, I don't know that work.
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1 Q. Does anybody on the panel know this work?
2 A. MS. BARANIECKI: So this paper specifically
3 would have been conducted with our scientists
4 involved in the wildlife toxicology group within
5 our department. On this panel, we actually do not
6 have an expert to speak to this specific issue from
7 the wildlife toxicology group. And the reason for
8 that, Panel Members, is that this was not an issue
9 that we really addressed within our submission.
10 So, therefore, we didn't obviously provide experts
11 here. However, we can certainly --
12 Q. Were you familiar with this paper before today?
13 A. So just --
14 Q. Or before yesterday?
15 A. Sorry, to just conclude my last statement there.
16 So we don't have the experts available here on this
17 panel to speak to it. However, in anticipation
18 that this is -- wildlife toxicology concerns are
19 important concerns to various Aboriginal members
20 and other folks in this region, we do have people
21 who might be able to undertake if you have a
22 specific question about this research.
23 Q. I guess what I was wanting to do is confirm that
24 the research documented in this study shows that
25 there are increasing levels of mercury and PAHs in
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1 bird eggs in the Athabasca delta, and that these
2 increases in concentrations are greatest at sites
3 that are receiving waters from the Athabasca River.
4 And I want that confirmed. Maybe I could put it
5 this way. Would it be safe for the Panel to rely
6 on this research report given it's from Environment
7 Canada and it has been published a peer-reviewed
8 journal?
9 A. Absolutely.
10 MS. BUSS: I'm wondering if we could
11 mark this as an exhibit, Mr. Chairman.
12 THE CHAIRMAN: 017-045.
13
14 EXHIBIT 017-045: SETAC PRESS, "METALS AND
15 POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS IN COLONIAL
16 WATERBIRD EGGS FROM LAKE ATHABASCA AND THE
17 PEACE-ATHABASCA DELTA, CANADA"
18
19 MR. DENSTEDT: Mr. Chairman, I just have a
20 question of clarification on this paper. Who am I
21 going to be able to cross-examine on it? No one?
22 A. MS. BARANIECKI: Sorry, as stated, we do not
23 have someone able to speak to this specific paper.
24 However we do have somebody available by
25 undertaking if there's a specific question related
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1 to this research.
2 MR. DENSTEDT: Thank you.
3 Q. MS. BUSS: My question, where I was
4 going with that paper, is that it would indicate
5 that there's potential for -- it would appear that
6 the oil sands development could be an important
7 source of mercury uptake by birds down river from
8 the Athabasca, and that Hebert Study essentially
9 points to the need for further monitoring. Is that
10 something that's going to be done and, if so, by
11 whom?
12 A. I believe Dr. Morrison has some additional
13 information to add.
14 A. MS. MORRISON: So I will just confirm
15 that the paper does state that further monitoring
16 is required and I can confirm that further
17 monitoring is taking place.
18 Q. Is that a follow up to this study or is that a
19 separate monitoring plan?
20 A. It's a follow-up to the study.
21 Q. And do you know when those results might be
22 available?
23 A. No, that would have to be confirmed with the lead
24 researcher, which is Craig Hebert.
25 Q. All right. Now I have some questions for the
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1 Department of Fisheries and Oceans as the primary
2 regulator of fish habitat in Canada; is that
3 correct?
4 A. MR. MAKOWECKI: Yes, that's correct.
5 Q. And I have a question about Recommendation 1. And
6 I'm turning now, Mr. Chair, Panel members, to
7 Exhibit 005-020. And page 7, PDF page 10. There's
8 a recommendation at the bottom of page 7 that:
9
10 "... the Joint Review Panel
11 include a recommendation to Shell
12 Canada Energy that cumulative
13 effects on downstream fish habitats
14 be assessed, including but not
15 limited to, middle reaches of the
16 Muskeg River, Shell Canada Energy's
17 Jackpine Mine and Imperial Oil's
18 Kearl Mine fish habitat offsets,
19 Kearl Lake, the lower reaches of
20 the Muskeg River and the Athabasca
21 River including the Athabasca River
22 delta. DFO believes that it is
23 possible for an individual oil
24 sands operator to undertake this
25 assessment."
Realtime Connection [email protected] 3204
1
2 Now, my question is, I take it from this
3 recommendation is that you don't believe that there
4 is sufficient understanding of what the cumulative
5 impacts are, A, to the Muskeg River Basin, and B,
6 to the downstream on the Athabasca River?
7 A. We looked at this recommendation and what we were
8 trying to convey here is what we believe would be a
9 worthwhile follow-up program. The information that
10 Shell's provided we believe is adequate for us to
11 understand what the effects are. It's the
12 uncertainty that's associated with these
13 developments that remains. And so from our
14 perspective, a follow-up program related to the
15 cumulative effects would be appropriate.
16 Q. And how significant are those uncertainties? Let
17 me put it this way. You must think that there are
18 significant uncertainties because this looks like a
19 big follow-up project?
20 A. I think that there are uncertainties that are
21 multifaceted here. There are uncertainties
22 associated with changes in flow. There are
23 uncertainties associated with how existing habitats
24 function to maintain productivity of the Athabasca
25 River and how the man-made habitats, the
Realtime Connection [email protected] 3205
1 compensation habitats will be able to do the same,
2 and how additional projects in the watershed may
3 impact attempts at compensating that are already in
4 place.
5 So there's just a multifaceted range of
6 uncertainty that we would like some follow-up to.
7 Q. Do you think it's important to do this follow-up
8 work in order to avoid significant adverse effects?
9 A. The follow-up work would be important to understand
10 whether the predictions in the Environmental
11 Assessment were accurate.
12 Q. And why is that important?
13 A. So that we can make better regulatory decisions in
14 the future and adaptively manage this Project if
15 it's necessary.
16 Q. And why do you want to adaptively manage, what's
17 the purpose?
18 A. Well, our purpose is to maintain the productivity
19 of fisheries in Canada, so if there were impacts
20 greater than what had been anticipated by the
21 environmental assessment, we would be looking to
22 Shell to offset those impacts attributed to their
23 Project.
24 Q. And you wouldn't be making a recommendation like
25 this unless you thought it was important, right?
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1 A. I think all recommendations that we made, we did so
2 believing that they are important.
3 Q. Okay. And my question is, with DFO as the
4 regulator and having the primary jurisdiction to
5 protect fish habitat, could you not make this
6 condition, this recommendation a condition of the
7 HADD approval for this Project?
8 A. Yeah, I believe we could.
9 Q. Okay. And do you intend to do that?
10 A. It would be something that we would talk with
11 stakeholders about, talk with Alberta about, talk
12 with Shell about, and see what the most appropriate
13 way of getting at the information required is. I
14 think, you know, when you stopped just before the
15 last sentence of that recommendation. And the
16 alternative there is that there could be other ways
17 of approaching this other than just Shell doing it
18 by themselves. And so, you know, we believe it's
19 important to do. Exactly how it gets done is
20 something to be determined.
21 Q. All right. You've already formed the opinion,
22 though, that it's possible for an individual oil
23 sands operator to do this assessment?
24 A. Well, in this particular case, our view is that
25 Shell is a major contributor to potential for
Realtime Connection [email protected] 3207
1 cumulative effects in the Muskeg River. And so in
2 this particular case, it wouldn't be without at
3 least some merit to consider Shell play at least a
4 major role in that work.
5 Q. It's because they have three mines in the Muskeg
6 River Delta, would that be fair?
7 A. In the Muskeg River drainage?
8 Q. Yes.
9 A. Three presently and one proposed.
10 Q. Right. Okay, thank you for that clarification.
11 I have a question about, at page 12 of your
12 submission, which would be PDF 15, with respect to
13 indirect habitat loss. I'm questioning my
14 reference. Sorry, it's the next page, bottom of
15 the third paragraph, sorry, page 12. The very last
16 sentence, the third full paragraph, on page 12, PDF
17 15 says, you're dealing with the issue of changes
18 to the stream flow in the Muskeg River, and you say
19 that as a result of the Project, there will be
20 variations in the flow which will also cause
21 habitat loss. Would you agree that that's a
22 general summary?
23 A. Yes.
24 Q. And, as a result of that, you calculate that
25 there'll be 51,244 cubic (sic) metres of alteration
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1 to or loss of fish habitat, that's the last
2 sentence?
3 A. Yes.
4 Q. Would that be fair to say this is called indirect
5 loss, habitat loss?
6 A. What this is is the estimate of losses when the
7 greatest impact to the Muskeg River would occur in
8 the Project's life.
9 Q. Okay. And are these, is this loss of habitat
10 included in or compensated for in your compensation
11 plan or in Shell's compensation plan?
12 A. Yes.
13 Q. Okay. Now, if I look at page 20, or could you turn
14 to page 20, you deal with cumulative effects of
15 water withdrawals in this section. That's PDF 23,
16 Section 7.1. And in the third paragraph under 7.1,
17 speaks to the additional water:
18
19 "The additional water
20 withdrawals will result in
21 reductions in flow in the Athabasca
22 River that could affect habitat
23 availability and fish habitat
24 conditions."
25
Realtime Connection [email protected] 3209
1 Do you mean that it could result in loss of
2 fish habitat?
3 A. Yes. We believe that water withdrawals may affect
4 fish habitat.
5 Q. But my question was, is your concern here that you
6 could lose fish habitat?
7 A. Well, water withdrawals, are, you know, an
8 interesting topic because, you know, the moment you
9 stop withdrawing the water, the fish habitat comes
10 back, there's some residual effects of that
11 occurring. But we believe that withdrawing water
12 can affect the productivity of the fish habitat.
13 Q. Now, is that loss of productivity quantified and
14 included in any compensation plan for any operators
15 or for the region?
16 A. No, it's not.
17 Q. Is it something that could potentially require a
18 HADD approval?
19 A. Yes.
20 Q. Sorry, by HADD, I mean harmful alteration and
21 destruction of -- I'm missing a D, damage to fish
22 habitat?
23 A. Yeah, it's possible that water withdrawals could
24 impact fish habitat in a way that would require a
25 Fisheries Act authorization.
Realtime Connection [email protected] 3210
1 Q. And how would you deal with that when the impacts
2 are cumulative?
3 A. Well, there are a few ways. I mean, you could
4 approach industry to see whether or not regional
5 compensation or offset could be done. Or you could
6 invoke a technique that would evaluate what the
7 overall cumulative effect is and divide it up by
8 company, depending on their rate of production or
9 percentage of water withdrawal overall.
10 Q. Has that been done in other areas in Canada?
11 A. Not to my knowledge.
12 Q. Now, I see that Shell's position is that their
13 water withdrawals will have no detectable effect.
14 Is the issue here really a cumulative one?
15 A. Yeah, I believe that water withdrawals on the
16 Athabasca River are a cumulative issue. Not as
17 much project-specific. And Shell has committed to
18 following Phase II of the Water Management
19 Framework. And in particular, you know, we looked
20 at low flows being the period where increased
21 stress to the aquatic environment might occur,
22 Shell had committed already that they would be
23 willing to go to 0.2 cubic metres a second water
24 withdrawal, again reducing the overall impact of
25 their Project on the aquatic environment.
Realtime Connection [email protected] 3211
1 Q. And that 0.2 is for all of their mines?
2 A. Yes.
3 Q. Okay. Now, with respect to page, turning back to
4 page 21, you talk about the Water Management
5 Framework in the second full paragraph. That's PDF
6 page 24. Now, the second sentence, you say:
7
8 "The science suggests that
9 cumulative water withdrawals, even
10 when water withdrawals are
11 restricted, may result in negative
12 effects on fish habitat."
13
14 What restrictions are you talking about?
15 A. Well, it's basically saying that there are times
16 when the water withdrawal can affect fish habitat
17 even when they are withdrawing less than what their
18 normal demand would be.
19 Q. Okay. I was just wondering if you're talking about
20 the levels of restriction that are under Phase I of
21 the Water Management Framework or what was
22 considered for the potential Phase II?
23 A. I think it's just more of a general statement.
24 Q. Well, under the Phase I Management Framework, would
25 this sentence still be true, if there was
Realtime Connection [email protected] 3212
1 restrictions in accordance with that framework, is
2 there still a risk that there will be negative
3 effects on fish habitat?
4 A. Well, our science review of Phase I determined that
5 there are risks, that there's uncertainty. But
6 that considering the length of time that we likely
7 implemented, the risks are not overwhelming and
8 that it's a sound basis for the time being.
9 Q. That's what was determined back in 2007; correct?
10 A. That's right.
11 Q. And that was before this Project; correct?
12 A. Yes. But it's based on a system that would include
13 this Project, so the low-flow water withdrawal
14 restriction on Phase I, I believe is eight cubic
15 metres a second that would be in place regardless
16 of whether this Project was operating or not.
17 Q. All right. I want to jump over now to a climate
18 change issue, but this is raised in Environment
19 Canada's submission at page 39, which would be PDF
20 page 81. Issue 5.1. Would this be Mr. Bonsal who
21 wrote this section?
22 A. MR. BONSAL: Yes.
23 Q. Good afternoon.
24 Is it a fair summation here to say that
25 Shell's -- Environment Canada took several -- did
Realtime Connection [email protected] 3213
1 not agree with Shell's approach to assessing the
2 impacts of climate change on the Athabasca River?
3 A. On the Athabasca River itself? There was a couple
4 of different areas. There was tributaries to the
5 Athabasca and the Athabasca.
6 Q. And you took issue that they took two different
7 approaches?
8 A. To both of those, yes.
9 Q. All right. And maybe I'll just cut to the chase
10 here. As a result, you concluded that (as read):
11
12 "The Environmental Impact
13 Assessment by Golder underestimated
14 the range in contaminant
15 concentrations and predicted
16 biological effects of the Project."
17
18 That's the last sentence on page 39 of the
19 hard copy.
20 A. Since the inputs from the climate change
21 assumptions, the temperature and precipitation are
22 the driver of the water quality models, yes, that's
23 the conclusion that we did come to.
24 Q. I just wanted to understand it. So your conclusion
25 is that the concentrations of contaminants in the
Realtime Connection [email protected] 3214
1 rivers could be higher than predicted as a result
2 of the way the modelling was done by Golder in this
3 case?
4 A. Yes, we would agree with that.
5 Q. Sorry, who is sitting next to you? He seems to be
6 answering more of the question than you are.
7 A. MR. BOOTY: Dr. Bill Booty. I'm the
8 modelling expert who reviewed all the surface
9 quality modelling work done by Shell.
10 Q. All right. Thank you. I'll have some questions
11 for you in a moment, then.
12 And, as a result, does that apply both to the
13 Athabasca River and the Muskeg that the approach
14 that Golder took to modelling climate change could
15 mean that contaminants in those both rivers were
16 underestimated?
17 A. MR. BONSAL: Yes.
18 Q. Your friend is saying "yes"?
19 A. MR. BOOTY: Two different models but the
20 same inputs.
21 A. MR. BONSAL: I should clarify that I was
22 looking at the climate model inputs, that type of
23 modelling. And Bill was looking at the water
24 quality modelling. So kind of a tandem here.
25 Q. All right. Thank you.
Realtime Connection [email protected] 3215
1 And this also means as a result that
2 predictions regarding the biological impact, and by
3 that I understand to mean impacts to fish and
4 benthic invertebrates, could also be underestimated
5 in the Environmental Impact Assessment; is that
6 correct?
7 A. MR. BOOTY: Correct.
8 Q. Thank you. And does this conclusion at all relate
9 to the contaminants that are contained in the end
10 pit lakes that are proposed for this Project, is it
11 the same modelling and conclusion?
12 A. No.
13 Q. Now, that takes me to flow levels in the Athabasca
14 River. Does Environment Canada agree that flows in
15 the Athabasca River have been decreasing over time?
16 A. MR. BONSAL: It depends on what time
17 period you're referring to.
18 Q. 1958 to 2009, I believe?
19 A. The linear trend would show, yes, that they are
20 decreasing over that time period.
21 Q. Now, is that the assumption that you think is
22 reasonable for the purpose of modelling the effect
23 of climate change or assessing the impact of
24 climate change?
25 A. Just to clarify, you mean -what do you mean by
Realtime Connection [email protected] 3216
1 assumption? Like going into the future?
2 Q. Well, I guess, let me ask it this other way. Do
3 you agree that the data indicates that flow, the
4 flow levels in the river have been decreasing over
5 a 50-year period?
6 A. Yes, that's what the data show.
7 Q. And do you agree that that's associated with
8 climate change?
9 A. No, I would not go as far to say that that's
10 associated with climate change.
11 Q. What would you say that the cause of that is?
12 A. There could be a few different causes. If you look
13 at the actual time series, it's made up of a lot of
14 different cycles. So there'll be high-flow
15 periods, low-flow periods, which is just the
16 natural variability of the region. So that's
17 within the time series. And then depending on
18 where you look at the linear trend within that
19 series, depending on which part of the cycles
20 you're in, you can get very different answers as to
21 whether you're having an increasing or decreasing
22 trend depending on where exactly that time period
23 is. Does that make sense?
24 Q. Yes, it does. So in your opinion, the 50 years of
25 data, does that tell us anything about climate
Realtime Connection [email protected] 3217
1 change?
2 A. It may be an indication, but I think, depending on
3 how far you're going into the future, it might not
4 be the whole story.
5 Q. And what would the whole story need to take into
6 account?
7 A. In my opinion, you need to take into account global
8 climate models or climate modelling to see the
9 future projections of the inputs to flow,
10 particularly temperature and precipitation, show
11 for the future period.
12 Q. Are the models indicating that the effects of
13 climate change are going to, like, speed up in time
14 going into the future or become more intense?
15 A. For certain variables, especially for temperature,
16 I would agree with you that some of the scenarios
17 are showing a ramping up of the temperature, not a
18 linear trend.
19 Q. Okay. So is it fair, then, fair summary to say
20 that what we should be most concerned about then is
21 looking at projected trends into the future rather
22 than looking at what's happened with flow levels
23 historically?
24 A. To properly do a climate change assessment into the
25 future, I would -- could you repeat that again so I
Realtime Connection [email protected] 3218
1 got that 100 percent straight.
2 Q. I'm trying to figure out what the Panel should be
3 concerned about. Should they be focusing on the
4 modelling and the inputs into the model in terms of
5 impacts of climate change on the Project going
6 forward, as opposed to looking for evidence of
7 climate change in historical flow levels?
8 A. Yes, I would say the former is more important in a
9 climate change assessment. Yes. And that is our
10 recommendation within our evidence filed.
11 Q. Now, Mr. Makowecki, I think you were at the first
12 Jackpine Mine hearing, does my memory serve me
13 correctly?
14 A. Yes, that's right.
15 Q. And 2005?
16 A. 2003, I think.
17 Q. Sorry, 2003. And at that time, DFO said it would
18 make every effort to get an in-stream flow needs
19 framework in place by 2005?
20 A. I remember the year, I can't remember exactly the
21 commitment.
22 Q. Okay. Well, I think I can short-circuit this by
23 asking you some questions about a particular
24 document. I'm going to show you a report from the
25 Office of the Auditor General of Canada, which is
Realtime Connection [email protected] 3219
1 dated August, it's about a petition that somebody
2 named Matt Price submitted to the Auditor General,
3 August 6th, 2008, about the status of various
4 recommendations in the oil sands. It includes an
5 official reply by the Department of Fisheries. And
6 that's what I'm going to be providing.
7 Now, at page 12 of that document, using the
8 page numbers at the top of the page, it starts
9 actually the bottom of page 11.
10 A. Mine goes from page 7 to 18.
11 Q. Okay. Have you got page 11, then?
12 A. Sorry, it stops at page 7 and then goes all the way
13 to page 18. So I do not.
14 Q. My apologies. We have a few pages missing from the
15 copy. I just gave you my copy.
16 Now, DFO's response to the petition back in
17 2008 was twofold: One, that DFO said it would make
18 every effort to get an IFN in place by 2005; and
19 secondly, that it was critically important to
20 mitigate against the cumulative environmental
21 effects associated with water withdrawals from the
22 Athabasca River. Is that correct?
23 A. Yes.
24 Q. And you agree with me that was the official
25 position of DFO as of 2008?
Realtime Connection [email protected] 3220
1 A. Yeah, I think that's what we believe, that is what
2 we believe today. Having said that, we've learned
3 a lot about the impacts of this industry by itself
4 on the Athabasca River in recent times.
5 Q. I hope so because you've been studying it for a
6 long time.
7 A. I know.
8 Q. So as a result of following up on a first Jackpine
9 Mine hearing in 2006, the Interim Framework was put
10 in place; is that correct?
11 A. Phase I of the Water Management Framework?
12 Q. Yes.
13 A. Yes.
14 Q. And work on Phase II began in 2007?
15 A. Yes, I think that's right.
16 Q. And then when we were at the Joint Review Panel
17 hearings for the Imperial Oil Kearl Project, you
18 were there as well; correct?
19 A. I was.
20 Q. And at that time the Panel recommended that DFO,
21 Alberta Environment, industry and stakeholders
22 devote the resources, staff and funding to ensure
23 Phase II would be implemented by January of 2011.
24 Is that a fair representation of the Panel's
25 recommendation?
Realtime Connection [email protected] 3221
1 A. Yes, I think so.
2 Q. All right. And at page 18 of the document I gave
3 you, DFO's response to Matt Price's petition, DFO
4 said it was working to implement the Phase II
5 Framework by 2011. Sorry, that was on page 19. It
6 doesn't matter if it's in that document. If you
7 remember, that that was DFO's plan at one time?
8 A. Yes, I believe that was our plan.
9 Q. There was a consultation process with stakeholders
10 that was undertaken to develop the Phase II, and
11 that consultation process was completed in
12 February of 2010; is that correct?
13 A. Yeah, I wouldn't characterize it as a "consultation
14 process," although it included a wide range of
15 stakeholders. It was really the science work that
16 went into understanding how water withdrawals might
17 affect fish and fish habitat as well as the
18 economics of the impacts that might occur as well
19 as impacts on the socio-economics.
20 Q. There was tables of stakeholders who tried to come
21 up with a consensus recommendation on the Phase II;
22 is that correct?
23 A. That's right.
24 MS. BUSS: I'm wondering before I move
25 on, Mr. Chairman, if we could mark the excerpts
Realtime Connection [email protected] 3222
1 from the DFO's Response to Matt Price's Petition of
2 2008 to the Auditor General.
3 THE CHAIRMAN: And you'll get us corrected
4 copies?
5 MS. BUSS: Sorry?
6 THE CHAIRMAN: You said there are pages
7 missing.
8 MS. BUSS: Yes, and I'll provide you a
9 full copy for the record.
10 THE CHAIRMAN: We'll reserve 017-046.
11
12 EXHIBIT 017-046: OFFICE OF THE AUDITOR GENERAL
13 OF CANADA, PETITION
14
15 Q. MS. BUSS: All right.
16 I have as well, for you, Mr. Makowecki, a
17 copy of the, a summary of the Science Advisory
18 Report that was undertaken by DFO in response to
19 one of the proposals in the Phase 2 Framework.
20 You're probably intimately familiar with it, but I
21 will give you a copy.
22 This is a summary, is it not, Mr. Makowecki,
23 of the Scientific Evaluation of Environmental Flows
24 that DFO undertook in 2010?
25 A. It appears to be.
Realtime Connection [email protected] 3223
1 Q. And is it accurate that although uncertainty still
2 remained around what constitutes an EBF, which I
3 understand to be an Ecological Base Flow, there was
4 concurrence that a flow should be established for
5 the Lower Athabasca River below which there would
6 be no water withdrawals. Is that a fair statement
7 from the conclusion of the Scientific Advisory
8 Evaluation?
9 A. I think the group agreed that continued work should
10 happen to further attempt to define that number,
11 yes.
12 Q. But there was general agreement that a flow should
13 be established below which no water withdrawals
14 would be permitted?
15 A. I think the general agreement was that there
16 probably is a number somewhere that would represent
17 a flow below which no water withdrawals should take
18 place.
19 Q. And this was the participants in the Scientific
20 Review; correct?
21 A. That's correct.
22 Q. And the Scientific Review participants also agreed
23 that the flow should be established on a
24 precautionary approach?
25 A. Yes, that's true.
Realtime Connection [email protected] 3224
1 Q. And the participants in this Scientific Evaluation
2 would have been scientists; correct?
3 A. For the most part. Yeah, for the most part.
4 Q. All right. And now here we are in November of 2012
5 and there's still no Ecological Base Flow for the
6 river; is that correct?
7 A. That's right. Today we don't have an EBF in place.
8 So one of the things, though, that is probably
9 worth elaborating on is that the work that was
10 done, put some I guess readjusted our, the concern
11 we had with requiring one. I think when we look at
12 some of our responses, even what you had provided
13 earlier in response to the Office of the Auditor
14 General, and the way Panel had looked at the
15 evidence provided in 2006, there was some concern
16 that the industry, as we had it then and was likely
17 to come very shortly, would and could withdraw
18 water to a point where we would -- or basically
19 there'd be an impact to the river that would be
20 irreversible.
21 I think we did a lot of work, a lot of good
22 work with a broad range of people with some very
23 good skills and expertise, a lot of good science,
24 and we determined that with a growth scenario that
25 we were evaluating, which is an oil sands industry
Realtime Connection [email protected] 3225
1 that's larger than the Project that we have in
2 front of us today would contribute to, that there
3 would be, that there's time to figure that out.
4 And even still, we had, although we couldn't
5 come to a specifically science-based number, that
6 we would specifically ramp down water withdrawals,
7 we got to a point where, for all intents and
8 purposes, that recommendation would include an
9 Ecosystem Base Flow for all new operators.
10 Q. Okay. And this was the second Scientific Review of
11 the In-Stream Flow Needs for the Athabasca River;
12 correct?
13 A. Yes.
14 Q. There was one prior to release of Phase I; correct?
15 A. That's correct. I'm referring to the one I believe
16 you gave me the summary for.
17 Q. Yes, the second one in 2010.
18 And both Scientific Reviews recommended a
19 minimum flow level be established; correct?
20 A. Yeah, both recommended that work be undertaken to
21 determine where an EBF might need to be placed.
22 Q. Well, in fact, if I recall correctly, your Science
23 Review Panel back in 2006 recommended that
24 particular number; is that correct?
25 A. I'd have to double-check that. I don't recall
Realtime Connection [email protected] 3226
1 that.
2 MS. BUSS: All right. Well, I would be
3 happy to take that as an undertaking; to confirm
4 that, back in 2006, the Scientific Review or
5 evaluation undertaken by DFO, recommended an EBF
6 number.
7
8 UNDERTAKING 40: TO CONFIRM THAT, BACK IN 2006,
9 THE SCIENTIFIC REVIEW OR EVALUATION UNDERTAKEN BY
10 DFO, RECOMMENDED AN EBF NUMBER
11
12 Q. MS. BUSS: Mr. Makowecki, do you agree
13 that it would be precautionary to have such a
14 number?
15 MR. LAMBRECHT: I just want to make sure that
16 the witnesses are content with the undertaking as
17 it was framed.
18 A. MR. MAKOWECKI: I think so.
19 MR. LAMBRECHT: All right, thank you.
20 A. It would be precautionary to have a number.
21 Q. MS. BUSS: Thank you. At page 17 of
22 your submission, there's a discussion regarding the
23 Compensation Lake. And it's at PDF page 20. And
24 there's a discussion about in the third paragraph,
25 it says:
Realtime Connection [email protected] 3227
1
2 "DFO is aware of methyl
3 mercury issues associated with
4 constructed waterbodies."
5
6 And then in the next paragraph you say:
7
8 "Based on the literature
9 about boreal forest reservoirs,
10 elevated mercury in fish tissue
11 lasts a maximum of 20 to 30 years
12 without the implementation of
13 mitigation measures."
14
15 And then you go on to talk about the
16 mitigation measures which include: Removing large
17 bodied fish from the lake; removal of terrestrial
18 vegetation; and the temporary isolation of fish
19 until mercury levels subside.
20 What do you mean by the "temporary isolation
21 of fish"?
22 A. Well, what we meant, I guess, was that the fish
23 could be contained within the no net loss lake, so
24 they wouldn't be moving downstream into other
25 environments where people might be fishing them.
Realtime Connection [email protected] 3228
1 Q. Okay. And fishing them would be prohibited in the
2 lake?
3 A. Well, we don't set the rules around that. I think
4 that what would happen is people would be aware of
5 what mercury levels would be. So it would be our
6 intention, if we could, advise those that would
7 actually be able to restrict access is to actually
8 restrict access not only for this potential issue,
9 but for our ability to assess the productivity of
10 the lake prior to unmeasured harvest.
11 Q. Is it true that removing the terrestrial vegetation
12 would not have a significant effect on the mercury
13 levels?
14 A. I'm certainly not an expert in mercury, and so
15 we've taken information from Shell and, you know,
16 this is their proposal and we have no reason to
17 believe that the information they've provided us
18 isn't accurate.
19 Q. Well, Mr. Berryman, do you know something about
20 whether the removal of vegetation from a
21 Compensation Lake would have any significant impact
22 over the mercury levels?
23 A. MR. BERRYMAN: I'm not a mercury expert,
24 but I would imagine removing -- well, Shell
25 proposes removing this vegetation to help decrease
Realtime Connection [email protected] 3229
1 the amount of mercury that would be uptaken into
2 fish throughout time. And I'm not sure if there's
3 a timeline associated with that.
4 Q. Would it be fair to say, then, that mercury would
5 continue to be an issue for 20 to 30 years
6 regardless?
7 A. MR. MAKOWECKI: The literature that we've
8 looked at and I think that Shell's looked at
9 suggests that that would be 20 to 30 years without
10 the implementation of any mitigation measures. So
11 there were things proposed. I'm not sure that we
12 can comment on the effectiveness of those
13 mitigation measures specifically, but as far as we
14 understand, Shell's proposal to remove vegetation
15 as well as remove large-bodied fish would
16 contribute potentially to shorter periods of time
17 of maximum elevated mercury levels.
18 Q. Okay. So the jury's out, would that be fair to
19 say, we don't know what effect these mitigation
20 measures would have, or you don't know, apparently?
21 A. I think it's fair to say that we don't have
22 specific expertise. There seems to be some body of
23 work on the subject, though, that would suggest
24 that there's some knowledge that would conclude
25 that there are in fact some mitigation measures
Realtime Connection [email protected] 3230
1 that would minimize or reduce the longevity of
2 methyl mercury in the lake.
3 Q. Well, before approving this proposed lake as
4 compensation, is this something that DFO is going
5 to find out?
6 A. Well, it's a Draft No Net Loss Plan, and we would
7 continue to work with stakeholders in the region
8 and continue to ask questions. I think there's,
9 you know, new information all the time, as we have
10 been discussing here today, and so some of that
11 information might generate new questions from our
12 perspective.
13 But what we understood as the potential for
14 mercury in this lake is that it's manageable and
15 that the amount of time we'd expect mercury to be
16 elevated is within a range of time that we would
17 likely expect there to be ongoing work and study to
18 determine the actual productivity of the lake prior
19 to it being open for public consumption of fish.
20 Q. I'm just surprised that you don't have the
21 expertise, though, to opine on that, you've told us
22 already that nobody has that information in DFO?
23 A. There are some scientists that we can access. And
24 inside DFO, outside DFO, academics, as well as
25 folks in Environment Canada. So we would look at
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1 employing all those options to gather information.
2 Q. Is it true, then, that we don't know whether the
3 fish habitat loss from this Project will be
4 compensated yet?
5 A. Well, we believe that it will be compensated for as
6 long as monitoring is undertaken to demonstrate
7 what the effectiveness of compensation ends up
8 being and that Shell commits to following up if
9 impacts are greater than first anticipated.
10 Q. But I thought you said you were going to consult
11 with stakeholders first about this plan?
12 A. I don't believe my answer precluded that.
13 Q. Okay. So you're going to consult with them. And
14 what if the end of the consultation is that a
15 Compensation Lake isn't a good idea because of
16 mercury or whatever reason?
17 A. Then we would look for other options to compensate.
18 Q. What are those?
19 A. Well, there's a hierarchy of preferences, including
20 stocking. So we could move the compensation
21 outside of this area to -- there are other options
22 to compensate in this area. This isn't the first
23 compensation proposal. So there are -- so
24 there's -- there are options.
25 Q. Like putting more fish in existing lakes, is that
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1 what you mean by stocking?
2 A. Yeah, putting more fish into the Athabasca River,
3 into existing waterbodies, that is one option.
4 Q. That's an option for how many, 18,000, how many
5 square kilometres of fish habitat do you need to
6 replace?
7 A. Well, it's not, strictly, simply just a number. We
8 determine the value of that habitat based on the
9 species that are present through habitat
10 suitability models. But it...
11 Q. It's a large amount of habitat replacement?
12 A. It is a large amount.
13 Q. And is it conceivable that that could be replaced
14 by fish stocking?
15 A. You know, I think they stock fish on the Pacific
16 Coast for fishing in the ocean, so I suppose, yes.
17 Q. The ocean's a bit bigger than the Athabasca River,
18 right?
19 A. Exactly.
20 Q. Okay, so those other options haven't been
21 evaluated?
22 A. The other options haven't been evaluated.
23 Q. Okay. And the period of time that mercury may be
24 elevated in the lake, assuming one is built, over
25 the next 20 to 30 years, during that time, does
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1 that lake count as habitat compensation?
2 A. If it's not able to contribute downstream, in that
3 we have to isolate fish to ensure that they are
4 maintained, then that would go against the value of
5 it at that time. Which is why compensation ratios
6 aren't, you know, specifically 1:1, there's lots of
7 uncertainty.
8 Q. But does it become fish habitat when the fish are
9 fit for consumption?
10 A. Yes.
11 Q. Okay. So there's a period of time, maybe 20-30
12 years when the habitat and fish that are lost by
13 this Project won't be compensated for in making
14 another fishery available?
15 A. Well, it would depend on the monitoring results and
16 whether or not the fish have to be isolated.
17 Q. But for so long as their mercury levels are
18 elevated?
19 A. That's right.
20 Q. Okay. Now, I want to turn to some questions about
21 RAMP. I understand that DFO is a member of the
22 Steering Committee of RAMP; is that right?
23 A. We are, yes.
24 Q. Who particularly is on it?
25 A. Marek Janowicz, yes.
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1 Q. I'm sorry if I'm mispronouncing your name. Good
2 afternoon.
3 A. MR. JANOWICZ: Good afternoon.
4 Q. Now, one of the objectives of RAMP is to monitor
5 the aquatic environment in the Athabasca Oil Sands
6 Region to detect and assess cumulative effects and
7 regional trends; is that correct?
8 A. I think that's what it states in the terms of
9 reference for this group.
10 Q. And have you reviewed Shell's Environmental Impact
11 Assessment for this Application?
12 A. Within my area of expertise, yes.
13 Q. And is it true that RAMP data informs a lot of the
14 predictions with respect to aquatic impacts in
15 Shell's EIA?
16 A. I think it informs the predictions, but to
17 quantify, I'm not really sure I can do that.
18 Q. Okay. Now, I would like you to turn to page 22 of
19 DFO's submission, PDF 25, Section 7.2.
20 A. MR. MAKOWECKI: Just on this pause, I just
21 wanted to make sure I answered the question that
22 you asked me just before you moved on to RAMP
23 properly. And I think I heard the word "elevated"
24 or "isolated", sorry, when you said the word
25 "elevated".
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1 Q. Yes.
2 A. So your question as to whether or not it would
3 count as far as compensation goes, if the fish were
4 isolated and unable to contribute to the natural
5 ecosystem, then that wouldn't be considered very
6 effective compensation. There's no doubt about
7 that.
8 If the fish were elevated in some way but
9 still able to contribute to the productivity of the
10 natural ecosystem, then we would consider that
11 compensation.
12 The fish in the natural ecosystem today have
13 elevated levels of mercury.
14 Q. Okay. So these fish would be considered
15 compensation in the Compensation Lake provided they
16 don't have higher mercury levels than what would be
17 found in fish in comparable lakes; would that be
18 fair?
19 A. Well, what we would look at is we would request
20 advice on human consumption guidelines and
21 advisories and we would make decisions around that.
22 Q. Okay. So unless they are fit to eat, they are
23 going to have reduced value as compensation; is
24 that correct?
25 A. That's fair.
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1 Q. Okay.
2 A. But it is related to the ability to provide
3 productivity to the natural ecosystem.
4 Q. Okay. I'm turning to page 22 of your submissions,
5 subsection 7.2, fourth paragraph. Have you found
6 that?
7 A. Yes.
8 Q. Okay. It says that:
9
10 "Assessing the influence of
11 oil sands development on the status
12 of commercial, recreational and
13 Aboriginal fisheries and the fish
14 and fish habitat that support them
15 is challenging. The review of the
16 monitoring information to date
17 indicates there is limited spatial
18 coverage within the fish population
19 dataset, a lack of reference areas
20 and sites, a limited number of
21 years of information gathered and
22 the complication of alterations to
23 the sampling design between years.
24 These factors make it difficult to
25 establish the level of natural
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1 variability of fish populations at
2 the regional level."
3
4 Now, when you're speaking about in this
5 paragraph "the monitoring data to date," are you
6 referring to RAMP data?
7 A. MR. JANOWICZ: That includes RAMP data.
8 Q. And Alberta Environment data?
9 A. Yes.
10 Q. Now, are you familiar with the Auditor General's
11 Report 2001, he had a chapter where he audited the
12 assessment of cumulative environmental impacts on
13 oil sands projects between 1997 and 2007?
14 A. You're talking about 2001 report or 2011?
15 Q. No, I believe I misstated the date. No, it's dated
16 October 2011.
17 A. Okay.
18 A. MR. MAKOWECKI: We're familiar with that.
19 MS. BUSS: Mr. Chairman, I failed to
20 make a note as to whether I had marked the DFO
21 Scientific Evaluation of Phase 2 Water Management
22 Framework summary page as an exhibit.
23 THE CHAIRMAN: 017-047.
24
25 EXHIBIT 017-047: SCIENCE ADVISORY REPORT
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1 2010/055, SCIENCE EVALUATION OF INSTREAM FLOW
2 NEEDS (IFN) FOR THE LOWER ATHABASCA RIVER
3
4 MS. BUSS: And before I forget, I'm
5 wondering if we can mark the next exhibit right
6 away, which is October 2011 Report of the
7 Commissioner of Environment and Sustainable
8 Development. Sorry, I misdescribed this report to
9 the witness. And it's Chapter 2, Assessing
10 Cumulative Environmental Effects of Oil Sands
11 Projects: Published by the Office of the Auditor
12 General of Canada.
13 THE CHAIRMAN: 017-048.
14
15 EXHIBIT 017-048: CHAPTER 2, ASSESSING CUMULATIVE
16 ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF OIL SANDS PROJECTS
17
18 Q. MS. BUSS: Now, Mr. Janowicz, would
19 you be so kind to confirm that this was a review of
20 the effectiveness of the Department of Fisheries
21 and Oceans and Environments Canada's assessment of
22 major Oil Sands Projects from 1999 to 2007, in
23 other words, from Suncor Millennium Mine to the
24 Kearl Project?
25 A. Well, I am not that familiar with this report to
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1 confirm that. Definitely we've participated in the
2 audit and we responded to questions that were
3 posted by the Office of the Auditor General.
4 Q. Okay. I'll find that reference. It's stated in
5 the documents.
6 Anyway, you don't have any reason to believe
7 that's not what it's about?
8 A. No.
9 Q. Sorry, page 81 of the document, the last page I
10 handed you. There's a section it says "period
11 covered."
12 A. Okay.
13 Q. And I take it, then, that you participated,
14 Mr. Janowicz in this audit?
15 A. Yes.
16 Q. Now at page 62, there's a statement under a heading
17 "Why it's important". Would you mind reading that
18 paragraph out for us.
19 A. Okay.
20
21 "Considering cumulative
22 environmental effects as part of
23 the environmental assessment
24 process is important to protect the
25 environment in areas where multiple
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1 large-scale projects operate or are
2 planned. Assessing cumulative
3 effects requires information on
4 potentially affected ecosystems,
5 including baseline information and
6 the carrying capacity of given
7 terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems,
8 so that federal authorities can
9 appropriately analyze the
10 environmental effects of a project
11 in relation to other projects.
12 Failure to predict cumulative
13 environmental effects and
14 incorporate appropriate mitigation
15 measures into the design and
16 implementation of a project before
17 the project is constructed can lead
18 to a significant environmental
19 degradation as well as increased
20 costs."
21
22 Q. And when it refers to "carrying capacity of given
23 terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems," what does that
24 refer to?
25 A. I guess in general terms, how much the ecosystem
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1 can withstand changes until they are irreversible,
2 or significant.
3 Q. All right. And that's one of the reasons that
4 baseline information is gathered; is that correct?
5 A. In the real world, yes.
6 Q. Now, the conclusion of the report or the Auditor's
7 Report is in the next paragraph. And what he found
8 was, or she found:
9
10 "Incomplete environmental
11 baselines and environmental data
12 monitoring systems needed to
13 understand changing environmental
14 conditions in northern Alberta have
15 hindered the ability of Fisheries
16 and Oceans Canada and Environment
17 Canada to consider in a thorough
18 and systematic manner the
19 cumulative environmental effects of
20 oil sands projects in that area."
21
22 Did DFO agree with that assessment?
23 A. MR. MAKOWECKI: I think in a general sense we
24 agree with that.
25 Q. I believe that your department accepted all of the
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1 Commissioner's recommendations?
2 A. I believe so.
3 Q. And did this problem of incomplete baseline and
4 environmental data monitoring systems, did that
5 also affect your submission for this Project?
6 A. What do you mean "affect"?
7 Q. Well, the incomplete environmental baselines and
8 the environmental data monitoring systems needed to
9 understand the changing environmental conditions in
10 northern Alberta, that gap still exists as of
11 today; correct?
12 A. There are components that we don't fully
13 understand. For example, the Muskeg River in the
14 '80s seemed to have significantly more grayling
15 going up than it does today. And it's not fully
16 understood as to why. We don't know that we have a
17 good understanding of what the baseline was in the
18 '80s. However, we do have good information today
19 to understand the fisheries resources that
20 currently exist in the Muskeg River. And so as a
21 baseline condition of using that as today's case,
22 we believe we understand how this Project is likely
23 to impact the fishery's resources in the area that
24 will be disturbed.
25 Q. But this paragraph, the finding of the commission
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1 related to the cumulative environmental impacts of
2 oil sands projects?
3 A. Right. And so I'd go back to arctic grayling and
4 say that, you know, the cumulative effect of oil
5 sands projects has the potential to impact arctic
6 grayling in a way that we don't fully understand,
7 because I don't believe we fully have a good
8 baseline set for the distribution of arctic
9 grayling in north-eastern Alberta, for instance.
10 Q. Okay, so that's one example. But you agree with me
11 that not only this report, but several others,
12 have, around the same time period, identified
13 pretty significant deficiencies in baseline
14 environmental data monitoring that's informed the
15 environmental assessment work in the oil sands up
16 to date? We can look at the next one if you want.
17 For example, the Oil Sands Advisory Panel to the
18 Federal Minister of the Environment came to a
19 similar conclusion, did it not?
20 A. I'd let Environment Canada comment on that.
21 Q. Okay. So you haven't reviewed it?
22 A. That panel report?
23 Q. Yes.
24 A. I've looked at it briefly. I wouldn't say that --
25 if you ask me a question about it and turn me to a
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1 page, I may have an answer. But there are better
2 people here.
3 Q. I will ask Environment Canada. I was just
4 surprised, because being on the Steering Committee
5 of RAMP -- I'm sorry, Mr. Janowicz. That report
6 would have been read by the Steering Committee, I
7 would assume; is that right, Mr. Janowicz?
8 A. MR. JANOWICZ: I can't speak for the other
9 members of the Steering Committee, but definitely
10 we looked at this report. And you know what, at
11 the same time there were like two or three
12 different reports, I don't remember which one is
13 which, sorry. But it's very hard to disagree with
14 Advisory Panel. It was basically people that were
15 on the panel were, like, very respected scientists,
16 so I'm not going to disagree.
17 Q. Okay. Now, did Environment Canada accept the
18 findings and conclusions of the report of the
19 Commissioner of Environmental and Sustainable
20 Development in this Report of October 2011?
21 A. MS. BARANIECKI: I believe we did.
22 Q. Now, I understand that some measures have been put
23 in place to fix these deficiencies identified. And
24 one of them might be this joint, new joint
25 monitoring program. Now, is there any others?
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1 A. I guess maybe this might be a good point in time,
2 Mr. Chairman and Panel Members, to just I guess
3 confirm that I think the monitoring plan is a very
4 comprehensive program that's being established and
5 implemented right now, meant to address obviously
6 these recommendations that came out of a number of
7 reports pointing to the need for increased baseline
8 data in order to understand the impacts and
9 understand what's going on on the landscape within
10 a cumulative and a regional scale. So I would say
11 that, yes, in fact, in response to a number of
12 these reports, Environment Canada and obviously
13 working with Alberta as a joint plan, have been
14 working very hard to implement this program in --
15 Q. Can I just stop you a minute. My question was was
16 there any other response? Are you going to get to
17 that question, other than any other action taken
18 other than this joint, new joint monitoring plan?
19 A. I'm not sure --
20 Q. To respond to this report and the others like it.
21 A. I think that question, it's a bit difficult to
22 answer in the sense that, what I was about to get
23 to, as that joint monitoring plan, there's a number
24 of components. So it would be I guess not accurate
25 to say that that's the only thing because in fact
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1 it's a large comprehensive plan with a number of
2 facets.
3 Q. So it's the only thing but it's a big thing?
4 A. I guess that would be a fair characterization.
5 Q. Okay. And that is a plan at this stage that's in
6 the process of being operationalized over the next
7 few years?
8 A. MS. CHAMBERS: It is operational at the
9 moment. The joint plan between Canada and Alberta
10 was approved I believe it was in February of 2012.
11 And we began implementing that plan, bits and
12 pieces had already been started before then under
13 other research auspices, and of course there'd been
14 some monitoring on behalf of Environment Canada
15 that had been going on for decades.
16 The plan was really needed to bring all these
17 disparate bits together and to join them and to
18 thread them together into a unit so that we could
19 make cumulative effects assessment.
20 And so in that regard, the plan has started
21 being implemented in the last, well, in this past
22 spring, and continues to be rolled out over the
23 next couple of years.
24 Q. Has the on-the-ground monitoring changed yet?
25 A. Oh, yes. I mean, our Minister, Minister Kent was
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1 out -- I met with his counterpart from Alberta in
2 July and went to a number of the sites where we had
3 implemented new monitoring, installed new devices,
4 and had new work going on.
5 Q. And those were installed in 2012?
6 A. Yes.
7 Q. Okay. And so the results of that work has not been
8 incorporated in the Project Review for the JPME
9 Expansion?
10 A. Came at too late a point.
11 Q. Okay. So I just handed you the report submitted to
12 the Minister of Environment. I believe at that
13 time it was Minister Prentice who commissioned this
14 report; is that correct?
15 A. I can't say for sure.
16 Q. He appointed the Oil Sands Advisory Panel chaired
17 by Liz Dowdeswell?
18 A. Dowdeswell.
19 Q. And they produced a report entitled "The Foundation
20 for the Future: Building an Environmental
21 Monitoring System for the Oil Sands"?
22 A. MS. BARANIECKI: Just one quick point of
23 clarification, it was Minister Baird who actually
24 accepted the report, but.
25 Q. Okay, because Prentice had left by that point?
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1 A. Yes.
2 Q. This was his last act. Maybe end of a chapter
3 anyway.
4 MS. BUSS: So may we mark this as an
5 exhibit, I think we're on 049, Mr. Chairman.
6 THE CHAIRMAN: That's right.
7
8 EXHIBIT 017-049: OILSANDS ADVISORY PANEL, "A
9 FOUNDATION FOR THE FUTURE: BUILDING AN
10 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING SYSTEM FOR THE OIL SANDS"
11
12 Q. MS. BUSS: Now, it sounds like
13 Dr. Chambers might be the most informed with
14 respect to this report. Could you turn to page 33.
15 A. M'mm-hmm.
16 Q. Okay.
17 A. MS. CHAMBERS: Okay.
18 Q. And the first paragraph, it starts with the
19 sentence:
20
21 "We observed that while on
22 the surface the multi-stakeholder
23 approaches often appear equitable
24 and balanced, they lack clearly
25 defined and recognized and accepted
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1 leadership. An holistic and
2 systemic perspective, a clearly
3 focused set of objectives, and a
4 statistically sound decision-making
5 process that can allow for adaptive
6 management in a rapidly changing
7 oil sands environment does not
8 exist."
9
10 Now, does Environment Canada agree that that
11 last sentence sets out the criteria that must be in
12 place in order for adaptive management to work?
13 A. So you're asking, then, does adaptive management in
14 order to be successful require a holistic and
15 systemic perspective, clear set of objectives,
16 statistically sound decision-making process?
17 Q. Yes.
18 A. I would say that's a good portion of what adaptive
19 management requires.
20 Q. And what's the other portion?
21 A. It doesn't talk about the data and data collection
22 and those actual on-the-ground parts.
23 Q. That getting those done systematically and getting
24 it done right --
25 A. Holistically, yes, is very important.
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1 Q. And those are all prerequisites to adaptive
2 management?
3 A. You mean the data acquisition, yes, it's imperative
4 for adaptive management.
5 Q. And then skipping to the third paragraph, it says:
6
7 "While some of the elements
8 of an integrated, coordinated
9 system can be seen working in WBEA,
10 and to some extent in CEMA, they
11 were most noticeably lacking in
12 RAMP."
13
14 And then it goes on to say that:
15
16 "... it was not designed to
17 be systemic, holistic or adaptive",
18 and there was "little integration
19 across media or with other
20 organizations..."
21
22 And it has in that paragraph a whole series
23 of deficiencies, including that:
24
25 "The program suffers from a
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1 lack of scientific leadership, it
2 is not focused on hypothesis
3 testing (i.e., the sampling program
4 design is not effects based). It
5 is not producing world-class
6 scientific output in a transparent,
7 peer-reviewed format and it is not
8 adequately communicating its
9 results to the scientific community
10 or the public."
11
12 Now, that would indicate that adaptive
13 management capability is hampered if one just
14 relied on the RAMP program; correct?
15 A. Yes, that's correct.
16 Q. And if we turn over to page 34, the first full
17 paragraph, that says:
18
19 "In addition to the
20 established monitoring programs,
21 there are significant
22 academic-based environmental
23 research activities concerning
24 water quality in the oil sands
25 region. Several of these studies
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1 have produced important results
2 that challenge some of the
3 assertions made by some of the
4 ongoing monitoring efforts. The
5 inability of the institutional
6 monitoring programs to explain the
7 water quality issues raised in the
8 research is of concern."
9
10 Now, it would appear that the Scientific
11 Review Panel who wrote this report thought that the
12 scientific research was important to take into
13 account. And would you, Environment, agree that
14 it's important for this Panel to be informed about
15 and consider the scientific research that is being
16 conducted and is being published related to oil
17 sands?
18 A. This report says that it's "significant
19 academic-based environmental research," and I would
20 certainly agree with that.
21 Q. And would you agree that it would be wise for the
22 Panel to rely not just solely on consultants'
23 reports?
24 A. I think we've got to make best use of all the
25 knowledge that's available to us in the region and
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1 applicable knowledge from outside the region.
2 Q. Now, both Environment Canada and DFO are
3 participants in CEMA; is that correct?
4 A. That's correct.
5 A. MS. BARANIECKI: Yes, that's correct.
6 Q. Now, there was a recent letter from the Canadian
7 Association of Petroleum Producers that was sent to
8 Minister McQueen for Alberta and to Minister Kent
9 for the Federal Ministry of Environment. I believe
10 you've seen this letter?
11 A. No.
12 Q. Sorry, I meant to provide a copy yesterday. Can
13 you confirm if anybody on your panel has seen this
14 letter before?
15 A. No.
16 Q. You might have to answer this by undertaking, then.
17 If you look at page 2 --
18 A. MR. MAKOWECKI: I didn't have a look at the
19 letter.
20 Q. Again, I seem to have run out of copies.
21 A. So I'm familiar with that letter. I think it was
22 reported on in the media at the time of its
23 release.
24 Q. Besides your personal familiarity, has it been
25 considered by Department of Fisheries and Oceans?
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1 A. If my perspective is that the letter generally
2 expressed concern about the role of RAMP in the
3 region, then we have considered that concern. And
4 DFO believes that -- sorry not RAMP, CEMA. DFO
5 believes that a regional group made up of
6 multi-stakeholders is important. Whether it should
7 be CEMA, you know, forever, it is to be debated, I
8 suppose. But the idea that a multi-stakeholder
9 group be available to government to work on
10 developing solutions is something we support.
11 Q. Okay, well, in this letter at page 2, second
12 paragraph from the bottom, it says, referring to
13 CAPP:
14
15 "However, we do not see the
16 merit in continuing roles for both
17 CEMA and RAMP and we encourage
18 Alberta to wind down these
19 particular entities as
20 expeditiously as possible. This is
21 important to assure appropriate
22 oversight, as well as cost
23 management and efficiency."
24
25 So does DFO have a position on that
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1 recommendation to wind down CEMA and RAMP?
2 A. We just have a position related to the importance
3 of having a multi-stakeholder group in the region
4 which we can consult with and discuss issues and
5 develop solutions.
6 So as it relates specifically to the
7 recommendation on those two groups, we haven't
8 considered whether or not in particular that that
9 should or shouldn't happen, but we believe that
10 there needs, if it were to be contemplated by
11 Alberta, we do believe a substitution of some kind,
12 another forum for that type of discussion, should
13 be --
14 Q. With respect to cumulative effects, you mean, or
15 anything else in particular?
16 A. Specifically related to environmental effects. I
17 mean, specifically from our perspective, effects
18 related to impacts on commercial, recreation or
19 Aboriginal fisheries.
20 Q. Now, this letter was specifically addressed to
21 Environment. Can you undertake to advise us,
22 Ms. Baraniecki, whether Environment Canada agrees
23 with this request?
24 A. MS. BARANIECKI: So just to confirm, this is
25 the statement there with respect to winding down
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1 RAMP and CEMA. We could certainly confirm the
2 position on that, but I mean, we do participate in
3 CEMA right now, and our position on that is, while
4 there continues to be value and if Alberta
5 continues to feel that that's an appropriate
6 mechanism, we're prepared to continue to
7 participate in CEMA to the best of our ability
8 related to our scientific expertise and advice that
9 we can provide.
10 But we could certainly undertake to determine
11 what our departmental view is with respect to this
12 comment in the letter.
13
14 UNDERTAKING 41: WITH RESPECT TO THE LETTER FROM
15 THE CANADIAN ASSOCIATION OF PETROLEUM PRODUCERS
16 THAT WAS SENT TO MINISTER MCQUEEN FOR ALBERTA AND
17 TO MINISTER KENT FOR THE FEDERAL MINISTRY OF
18 ENVIRONMENT, THIS LETTER WAS SPECIFICALLY
19 ADDRESSED TO "ENVIRONMENT"; THEREFORE, TO ADVISE
20 WHETHER ENVIRONMENT CANADA AGREES WITH THE
21 LETTER'S REQUEST
22
23 Q. And it would be useful to know firmly from DFO what
24 their position is. Because I believe it's a
25 condition, isn't it, of a number of permits from
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1 your department, that proponents participate in
2 RAMP?
3 A. MR. MAKOWECKI: Regional initiatives, I
4 believe. You know, I think we were careful to not
5 specify one particular program or another because
6 it's, you know, times change, titles change. But
7 we believe it's important, as stated before, that
8 opportunities to discuss issues with regional
9 stakeholders be available.
10 Q. Thank you. I think I understand your position. So
11 there's no undertaking with respect to DFO, then.
12 The other thing that I wanted to ask about is
13 on page 1 of that letter, second paragraph from the
14 end that begins with:
15
16 "A second and important
17 rationale for the monitoring
18 program is to provide public
19 assurance that the oil sands are
20 being developed in an
21 environmentally responsible
22 manner."
23
24 And then the third sentence, it says:
25
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1 "It is extremely important to
2 provide authoritative perspective
3 on the meaning of the monitoring
4 data, as it would be extremely
5 unhelpful if this analysis is left
6 to misinterpretation and
7 speculation."
8
9 Now, my understanding is that the new
10 monitoring program is intended to be transparent
11 and the data publicly and readily available to
12 anyone?
13 A. MS. CHAMBERS: That's true.
14 Q. And so can you give us some assurance that the data
15 will not be "authoritatively interpreted" before
16 it's released?
17 A. Well, I can say two things: The data will be
18 released in the, if you will, the raw data, the
19 validated raw data, so there'll be various chemical
20 measurements that are released, flows of rivers,
21 whatever data we have of that nature, will come out
22 and be available to anyone who wishes to download
23 the information and do their own analysis of the
24 data; at the same time, the data, well, not
25 necessarily at the same time, let me correct
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1 myself. At some point once the data are validated
2 and released, they'll also be analyzed by
3 Environment Canada scientists and interpretive
4 reports produced as well. So there'll be at least
5 two different ways in which the data will be
6 provided. In both, it's uninterpreted form, if you
7 want to call it that, versus an interpreted form in
8 terms of reports and papers.
9 Q. Now, one of the things I read in your submission,
10 Environment Canada, was that this joint, new joint
11 monitoring plan does not include compliance
12 monitoring for individual project operators. Is
13 that a final decision by Canada?
14 A. Yes, compliance monitoring is undertaken generally
15 to respond to monitoring that's laid out in
16 permits. And so the industry undertakes to do the
17 monitoring that's part of its permit is generally
18 the way this works.
19 Q. It's not part of your joint monitoring plan?
20 A. MS. BARANIECKI: Just had one kind of point to
21 add to that. However, like, we do make a number of
22 recommendations regarding the site-specific
23 monitoring and that data would be integrated within
24 the data, I guess the realm of data that 's being
25 collected under this monitoring plan. So I guess
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1 we'll just -- I think Dr. Morrison has something
2 else to add.
3 A. MS. MORRISON: I would say that we are
4 not doing compliance monitoring under the joint
5 plan. Compliance monitoring, our interpretation of
6 it, is that would be facility-specific monitoring
7 to address facility-specific concern. And the
8 monitoring that we are doing is trying to assess
9 the cumulative environmental impact of the
10 development that's going on in that region in
11 general, so it is more sector-specific rather than
12 facility-specific.
13 Q. Because in this letter from CAPP, they are
14 requesting to have all their approvals amended for
15 the operators to remove their requirement to do
16 compliance monitoring. So I'm wondering if there's
17 potential then for the scope of the new joint
18 monitoring plan to change, or is that carved in
19 stone that it won't be doing compliance monitoring
20 for the oil sands industry?
21 A. We'll have to do an undertaking on that, I think.
22 Q. All right. So Dr. Morrison has undertaken to
23 advise whether this is a firm feature of the
24 monitoring program, joint Federal/Provincial
25 monitoring program, not to include compliance
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1 monitoring. And that CAPP's request that it do so
2 is not currently being entertained.
3
4 UNDERTAKING 42: DR. MORRISON HAS UNDERTAKEN TO
5 ADVISE WHETHER IT IS A FIRM FEATURE OF THE
6 MONITORING PROGRAM, JOINT FEDERAL/PROVINCIAL
7 MONITORING PROGRAM, NOT TO INCLUDE COMPLIANCE
8 MONITORING AND THAT CAPP'S REQUEST THAT IT DO SO
9 IS NOT CURRENTLY BEING ENTERTAINED
10
11 A. MS. BARANIECKI: So Ms. Buss, so just to
12 confirm, obviously that was one question. And I
13 believe we're still -- you're still interested in
14 the other question with respect to CEMA? That we
15 had discussed earlier? I think so we've got kind
16 of two together with respect to this letter. Is
17 that my understanding?
18 Q. Oh, yes, and then there was an earlier question as
19 to what Environment Canada's position was on,
20 whether they support or approve or take no position
21 on the request to wind down CEMA and RAMP.
22 A. Okay.
23 MS. BUSS: Might we mark the CAPP letter
24 as the next exhibit, Mr. Chairman?
25 THE CHAIRMAN: 017-050.
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1
2 EXHIBIT 017-050: CANADIAN ASSOCIATION OF
3 PETROLEUM PRODUCERS, LETTER DATED SEPTEMBER 7,
4 2012 TO MINISTER MCQUEEN AND MINISTER KENT
5
6 THE CHAIRMAN: Ms. Buss, how much more do
7 you have?
8 MS. BUSS: Not very much, fortunately.
9 I probably have 20 minutes to half an hour. I
10 would be really grateful if we could have a
11 five-minute break, though.
12 THE CHAIRMAN: Well, we need to take a break
13 for dinner. So if we could do that.
14 MS. BUSS: Certainly, so we will be
15 sitting into the evening, then?
16 THE CHAIRMAN: I think we need to.
17 Mr. Lambrecht, is your panel prepared to
18 continue on?
19 MR. LAMBRECHT: Yes, sir.
20 THE CHAIRMAN: Thank you very much.
21 And Mr. Murphy, you would be next for
22 questions.
23 MR. MURPHY: Yes, that's correct,
24 Mr. Chairman. My colleague, Jenny Biem, and I are
25 going to try and divide the questions up.
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1 Depending on how long Ms. Buss takes, we can
2 certainly get started with that this evening.
3 THE CHAIRMAN: Thank you. All right, so
4 we'll be back at 6:00 p.m.
5
6 (The Dinner Adjournment)
7 (The Hearing Adjourned at 5:08 p.m.)
8 (The Hearing Reconvened at 6:00 p.m.)
9
10 THE CHAIRMAN: Good evening. So our plan
11 was to go to about 8:00 p.m. So would you like to
12 continue, Ms. Buss.
13 MS. BUSS: Yes, and before I start, I
14 wanted to address a housekeeping matter before I
15 forget. With respect to Dr. Schindler's departure
16 before his questioning was concluded, I had
17 addressed this with Shell. And his only
18 availability is for next Monday. And in the event
19 that the hearing concluded by Friday, which appears
20 likely at this stage, Shell was content to put in
21 rebuttal evidence to address Dr. Schindler's
22 evidence without the need to call him back.
23 But I raise this in the event that the Panel
24 wanted to ask questions in which case we'd have to
25 address that. So I will just leave that with you
Realtime Connection [email protected] 3264
1 at this stage.
2 THE CHAIRMAN: One possibility would be, if
3 we have any questions, to do that in writing.
4 MS. BUSS: Yes, that would be another
5 possibility.
6 THE CHAIRMAN: We'll let you know.
7 MS. BUSS: Thank you, sir.
8 Q. Now I'm turning to the question of hydraulic
9 modelling uncertainties at page 35, which is PDF
10 page 77 of Canada's submission, Exhibit 005-020.
11 And would that be you, is it Dr. Bonsal?
12 A. MR. BONSAL: Just looking for a copy of
13 it, just a moment.
14 Q. At page 35 of your submission, you identify four
15 major uncertainties with respect to the hydraulic
16 modelling:
17 One, is that Shell Canada had assumed a zero
18 discharge of contaminated waters, whereas you've
19 identified that there'll be numerous additional
20 pathways for mine-related contaminants to be
21 released.
22 Secondly, that there was a sequence of models
23 used and that the coupling between the models may
24 propagate the uncertainties.
25 Thirdly, that each model uses simplified
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1 assumptions.
2 And fourth, that the models are a
3 simplification of a complex system of
4 climate-surface water-groundwater interactions.
5 Now, my question is with respect to those
6 uncertainties, is there a way to quantify the
7 uncertainties?
8 A. Yes. We've been doing that for about 25 years in
9 our group.
10 Q. Perfect. And what are those methods?
11 A. You have to fully link the models together so that
12 they are not running independently, and in theory
13 they're running in parallel and so then you know
14 what the overall uncertainty is when you run the
15 models that way rather than independently, and
16 determining the uncertainties independently because
17 there has to be feedback between the models as
18 well. So there's a number of different techniques,
19 there's software you can buy that can do this
20 actually, now. So it's possible.
21 Q. Okay. And have you undertaken that?
22 A. With these particular models?
23 Q. Yes, have you run these models concurrently to
24 assess the degree of uncertainty?
25 A. No, Environment Canada has not run these models.
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1 We discussed that early on with Shell. We had a
2 meeting September 28th and 29th last year with
3 Shell and their consultants to discuss all the
4 details of the modelling. So we decided at that
5 time that Environment Canada would not re-run all
6 these models. It was a major undertaking for us to
7 do that. And we just made recommendations to
8 Shell's consultants as to how we thought they could
9 go forward.
10 Q. All right. And you make some recommendations here
11 that once sufficient data is collected and the
12 model is calibrated and validated, more confidence
13 can be placed in the long-term predictions?
14 A. Yes.
15 Q. Now, what my question is is can we get a sense of
16 what degree of uncertainty we're talking about as a
17 result of these four factors you identified?
18 A. Well, what our attempt to do was was to reduce the
19 uncertainty by improving the data that they were
20 using and to reduce uncertainty by -- there's
21 different types of uncertainty, of course. There's
22 the non-reducible uncertainty in the models, and
23 that's the probablistic uncertainty. There's also
24 the knowledge-based uncertainty that's reducible by
25 increased knowledge of the systems that you're
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1 modelling. So you assume that we could at least
2 reduce that component of the uncertainty by having
3 the models use better data and possibly improve
4 some of the process functions in the models.
5 Q. Well, let me put it this way, is the degree of
6 uncertainty such that the Environmental Assessment
7 conclusion that the Project will only have
8 negligible effects, would it be prudent to treat
9 that as a hypothesis subject to further testing and
10 calibration of models and collecting data?
11 A. Well, that's why we recommended that as new
12 information came along, that the models be re-run
13 to see if there were changes in those results.
14 Q. So at best the conclusion that the Project will
15 only have negligible effects is a hypothesis at
16 this stage?
17 A. That's Shell's consultants' conclusion based on the
18 modelling that they've been able to do so far with
19 the data that's been available.
20 Q. What I want to try and get at is what degree of
21 confidence do you have in that conclusion, or can
22 we all take from that modelling?
23 A. It's up to I believe the Panel to decide what level
24 of confidence in the model results they are willing
25 to find acceptable. So.
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1 Q. Right, they can determine what's acceptable. I'm
2 trying to get your assistance as to determining
3 what the degree of uncertainty is?
4 A. Well, they've carried out uncertainty analyses on
5 the individual model. So you can look at those.
6 But that's not the total.
7 Q. Total level of uncertainty?
8 A. Right.
9 Q. So are we talking about a lot of uncertainty, could
10 we go that far?
11 A. Well, I mean, we calibrate and validate these
12 models to certain levels of confidence. And you
13 hope to attain that. You can only, you know, try
14 to improve it with better data. So we typically
15 look at a 95 percent confidence interval or
16 something like that and use different metrics for
17 looking at the accuracy of the model. So, you
18 know, you can always strive to improve it. But you
19 get what you get with the data that you use to
20 calibrate it and to validate the model. And that's
21 why they had to go to a stochastic approach in
22 running their models because they didn't have what
23 they felt to be good data at the time to be able to
24 run it in an ordinary deterministic method.
25 So basically what they used is a resampling
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1 of the available data to generate distributions,
2 probability of distributions of the different
3 parameters as input. So compared to a normal
4 deterministic, one input and one output, they had a
5 probabilistic, you know, range of data and they get
6 the same type of thing out. So it's what they had
7 to do. And I've run stochastic models myself, and
8 those stochastic models give you good numbers on
9 the uncertainty because that's basically what
10 you're doing. So there's nothing wrong with the
11 approach, it's just it's always better to have as
12 much data as you can get to do the job as well as
13 you can. So we're always limited by data. Us
14 modellers, that's our curse.
15 Q. Well, would you wager your house on the outcome?
16 A. Yeah, well, I mean, definitely, the modelling
17 results I guess -- we pointed out some problems
18 with the drivers, with the climate change, I'm not
19 really sure what those differences are because they
20 haven't been re-run with the new climate change
21 bounds. And there's some assumptions in there that
22 I'm not sure are the most conservative, but I'd say
23 that the modelling results are -- I don't see major
24 problems with the results, so I can afford to lose
25 my house, I guess.
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1 A. MS. CHAMBERS: I think one aspect, too, is
2 the temporal aspect as well, because the modelling
3 starts in the very, you know, almost in the present
4 and goes well into the future, and as we move
5 further and further along in time, the problems
6 become compounded so that we have less certainty as
7 we move further into the future than where we are
8 now.
9 Q. So we're less likely, would you be less likely to
10 bet your house on the reliability of the model in
11 terms of predicting 50 years hence, for example?
12 A. Versus three years hence.
13 A. MR. BOOTY: Fifty years out is pushing
14 things in most modelling, you know, work, and some
15 of this is going further than that, so that's
16 definitely where things start to get --
17 Q. Shaky?
18 A. Yes.
19 Q. All right. Let me turn now to the subject of air
20 emissions, which starts at page 44, chapter 6, and
21 it's PDF 86 of Canada's submission.
22 And who would I ask questions about mine
23 fleet emissions, would that be you, Ms. Watt, or
24 you, Mr. Fox?
25 A. MR. FOX: I'll take those questions.
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1 Q. All right. Now, the current estimate or prediction
2 of emissions from the mine fleet for this Project,
3 those are based on emission factors; is that
4 correct?
5 A. That's correct.
6 Q. And those emission factors have a number of
7 assumptions, they are based on manufacturers'
8 specifications associated with the tier level of
9 the vehicle; correct?
10 A. Correct.
11 Q. And then I take it you make assumptions about the
12 load factor?
13 A. Correct.
14 Q. And then you make assumptions about the
15 deterioration of the vehicle?
16 A. Correct.
17 Q. And is there other assumptions that are taken into
18 account?
19 A. Those are the main assumptions in the estimates.
20 Q. Okay. And the mine fleet emissions include
21 Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds and trace metals; is
22 that correct?
23 A. That's correct.
24 Q. And also includes trace metals that are mostly
25 emitted as particulate matter?
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1 A. That's correct as well.
2 Q. And the emissions are, for mine fleets, are not
3 measured, they are just estimated based on these
4 assumptions?
5 A. In this assessment, yes.
6 Q. Is there measurements of mine fleet emissions that
7 are undertaken regularly in the region?
8 A. I wouldn't say regularly. I think there's been
9 some one-offs that WBEA has contracted with the
10 Desert Research Institute. But it's not a regular
11 occurrence.
12 Q. All right. And the WBEA Emission Study, is that
13 available?
14 A. I believe a draft version is. I'm not sure if the
15 final paper.
16 Q. So that's pioneering work that WBEA has done?
17 A. It would be, yes. At least for this region.
18 Q. And at page 46 of Environment Canada's submission,
19 you say that, you conclude that the mine fleet
20 emissions may be understated.
21 A. That's correct.
22 Q. And that was based on, you had some doubts,
23 Mr. Fox, that the mine would transition into
24 TIER-IV trucks by 2025; correct?
25 A. That's our reason, yes.
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1 Q. And were you aware that Shell testified that it
2 could not commit to rolling over all of their stock
3 to TIER-IV trucks by 2025?
4 A. Yes, I'm aware of that.
5 Q. And so, therefore, is your conclusion confirmed
6 that the predicted emissions for the mine fleet are
7 underestimated?
8 A. I don't think we can say definitively one way or
9 the other, because it is a Future Case scenario,
10 and Future Case scenarios are often -- they are
11 speculative. And I think, although we disagree
12 with some of the assumptions that they made, namely
13 on the mine-fleet lifetime, as well as the
14 availability of the TIER-IV, what Shell proposed is
15 a possible scenario. We would have liked to have
16 seen a little more conservatism thrown into it, but
17 it is a possible scenario.
18 Q. And we'll only be able to tell, confirm this in the
19 future if some sort of monitoring is done with
20 respect to what's actually emitted from the mine
21 fleet, correct, in order to confirm the prediction?
22 A. I'm sorry, do you mean emissions monitoring or
23 ambient monitoring?
24 Q. I think I mean emissions monitoring. We'd have to
25 somehow, you'd have to measure what was actually
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1 coming out of the pipe. And I don't know if that
2 can be, that information can be obtained from
3 ambient monitoring or if you'd have to somehow
4 measure what's actually emitted per vehicle.
5 A. That would definitely benefit and inform the
6 decisions for Future Cases for sure, if we did have
7 onboard emissions monitors.
8 Q. And are we able to determine mine-fleet emissions
9 from ambient monitoring, depending on where the
10 monitors are located?
11 A. We could estimate, but it would be hard to
12 dissociate the mine fleet emissions from other
13 sources.
14 Q. Okay. So the prediction is possibly correct and it
15 also may, the NOx emission estimates also may be 16 overestimated, that's your final opinion?
17 A. Sorry, maybe I --
18 Q. I asked you a double-barrel.
19 A. May be overestimated or underestimated?
20 Q. As of today is your opinion that the NOx emissions 21 may be underestimated?
22 A. It may be. Or it may be possible, as I said, it's
23 a possible scenario, but we would have liked to err
24 it on the conservative side, so it may be
25 underestimated.
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1 Q. Okay. And then I have a question with respect to
2 NRCan's submission at page 8. And I believe it's
3 for Dr. Kasperski, because it deals with VOCs. And
4 that's page, I think it's PDF page 121, and it's
5 page 8 of the NRCan's submission.
6 A. MS. KASPERSKI: I'm there.
7 Q. Now, your opinion is that the VOC emissions from
8 the tailings ponds are underestimated to a
9 significant degree in the Environmental Impact
10 Assessment; correct?
11 A. That was my initial conclusion here.
12 Q. Is there any data being collected that could be
13 used to validate the predictions in Shell's EIA
14 with respect to VOC emissions?
15 A. I don't know if you would classify it as being in
16 their EIA, but there was a response from Shell to
17 our points here that they did reply. I don't know
18 if that's in evidence or not.
19 Q. Can you tell us whether there's monitoring going on
20 of VOC emissions from the tailings ponds?
21 A. They did in their statement say that they based
22 their conclusion, first, on a monitoring of a
23 Syncrude pond, which they then developed a model,
24 which they applied to one of their muskeg, I think
25 Muskeg River Mine pond, and showed that their
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1 model, based on the Syncrude data, matched this
2 quiescent MRM pond. I had a couple of issues with
3 their conclusions, but.
4 Q. And what are they?
5 A. They said their model did match the data from that
6 one pond.
7 Q. And what were your issues?
8 A. Well, when I first read their response, they said
9 they based it on the Syncrude data. Syncrude uses
10 naptha in their froth treatment as a solvent, which
11 has a huge range of compound -- hydrocarbons in it,
12 most of which are less volatility than the
13 paraffinic solvents that Shell uses. So the
14 solvents that Shell uses in their froth treatment,
15 which is the solvent that creates the VOCs once
16 they reach the pond, are much more volatile and
17 less soluble in water.
18 So that was my first caveat, the fact that
19 they based their model on a naptha pond, or a pond
20 that had naptha solvent in it.
21 The second thing I questioned was when they
22 said a quiescent pond. In some of the work we've
23 done in-house, we created two mini-ponds, one was
24 definitely not quiescent, there was a lot of
25 bacterial activity, and showed 100 percent loss of
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1 VOCs in a period of about a year. When we --
2 from -- we had doped the pond with solvent.
3 In another pond, which was not as active, it
4 showed a steady decrease in solvents but it hasn't
5 reached a 100 percent yet. It's maybe 70 percent
6 loss.
7 Q. What does "quiescent" mean?
8 A. I'm not sure if that's the exact word that Shell
9 used in their response, meaning it's not -- it's
10 like it's not disturbed. The material in it is
11 left undisturbed, not moving. So a lot of the
12 issues with solvent release, I think, in my
13 opinion, is to do with the mass transfer of the
14 solvent, how does the solvent make its way through
15 the material, how easily does it make its way
16 through the material. So if there's gas bubbles
17 being created in the pond, that provides pathways
18 for the solvent to move through the material more
19 easily. So if it's a quiet pond, there's no
20 bacterial activity, no gas channels, if they are
21 not pumping the MFT out, then, yeah, that would be
22 a quiet pond.
23 MS. BUSS: Okay. Well, thank you very
24 much, panel. That's all of my questions answered.
25 Thank you so much.
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1 THE CHAIRMAN: Thanks, Ms. Buss.
2 Mr. Murphy?
3
4 CROSS-EXAMINATION OF ATTORNEY GENERAL OF CANADA PANEL, BY
5 ATHABASCA CHIPEWYAN FIRST NATION, BY MR. MURPHY:
6 MR. MURPHY: If I could just have a moment
7 to move my materials up here.
8 Q. Yes, thank you, Mr. Chairman.
9 Good evening, panel, thanks for coming out.
10 My name is Eamon Murphy and I'm one of the lawyers
11 for Athabasca Chipewyan First Nation and I'm going
12 to be asking you some questions, and then my
13 colleague, Jenny Biem, is going to ask you
14 questions.
15 Good news, bad news, good news is Ms. Buss
16 took care of a number of the questions that I was
17 going to ask you. The bad news is I'm not sure
18 we're going to finish tonight.
19 Mr. Makowecki, I think these first questions
20 are for you in DFO. The first question we had is
21 about pit lakes. Does DFO consider pit lakes to be
22 compensatory for habitat loss?
23 A. MR. MAKOWECKI: We haven't reviewed a
24 proposal for a pit lake to be a compensation lake.
25 Q. So certainly not in this proposal before the Panel?
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1 A. No.
2 Q. Okay. Ms. Buss asked you some questions about
3 DFO's submissions and I'll just refer to Canada's
4 submissions and these are again at Exhibit 005-020.
5 I'm looking at PDF page 20. That's page 17 of
6 DFO's submissions. I just have a few questions
7 about compensation lakes.
8 DFO is aware of ACFN concerns about the
9 diversion of the Muskeg River; is that right?
10 A. Yes.
11 Q. I understand DFO is also aware of the concerns that
12 ACFN has raised about access to the fishing and
13 hunting areas as a result of low water levels; is
14 that right?
15 A. Yes.
16 Q. The discussion that you have about compensation
17 lakes, I'm just curious, what does DFO suggest
18 might be compensation or mitigation, I suppose is
19 the better way to put it, in respect of the
20 concerns that ACFN is raising?
21 A. With respect to access to hunting grounds?
22 Q. Well, let's start with diversion of the Muskeg
23 River.
24 A. Maybe you could frame that question a different
25 way. I'm not sure I understand your question.
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1 Q. Sure. Has DFO proposed for example that the
2 Compensation Lake that's part of this Project would
3 be adequate mitigation in respect of ACFN's
4 concerns about the diversion of the Muskeg River?
5 A. Well, as it relates to opportunities in the future
6 to fish, I believe it would form part of that
7 mitigation. ACFN's concerns related to diversion
8 of the Muskeg River I think go beyond fishing,
9 though. So that would be my answer related to our
10 mandate.
11 Q. Right, and right now I'm just asking you in
12 relation to DFO's mandate.
13 And what about in respect, then, of concerns
14 about access to fishing and hunting areas, is the
15 Compensation Lake what you'd view as an
16 accommodation of those concerns as well?
17 A. I guess I'd probably ask ACFN their view on that.
18 If there's a Compensation Lake in the future that's
19 accessible and available for harvesting fish, it
20 would seem to me that that would at least partly
21 mitigate some concerns about lost access to areas
22 to fish. Your question was broader than that,
23 though. I wouldn't be able to answer the other
24 part.
25 Q. Well, no, I'm specifically wondering what DFO's
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1 response is in respect of what they would say is
2 mitigation to concerns ACFN has raised with you.
3 A. Well, in particular, related to ability to fish, I
4 would say that this would possibly add some
5 opportunity in the future for them to carry on
6 those pursuits. And ensure that the habitats that
7 are remaining remain functional to afford them that
8 opportunity as well.
9 Q. And what do you mean by that, by making sure that
10 habitats remain functional that are in existence?
11 A. Well, DFO's view of compensation isn't just to
12 offset the physical footprint of what's being lost,
13 it's also to ensure to the extent we can that the
14 habitats that remain untouched also continue to
15 function in the future and provide opportunity. So
16 by creating productivity in the watershed, where
17 productivity has been lost, you, you know, that
18 integration of that productivity is essential to
19 keep the rest of the watershed healthy.
20 Q. And so in respect of ACFN's concerns, what do you
21 suggest is something DFO is doing or would do to
22 maintain productivity?
23 A. Well, with respect to fishing, the Compensation
24 Lake would be one mitigation that would ensure that
25 the Athabasca River remains productive and that
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1 there's another, an opportunity created that might
2 offset any opportunity lost in the Muskeg River.
3 Q. And, sorry, were those two different things,
4 there's the Compensation Lake and that the
5 Athabasca River remains productive?
6 A. Yeah, they are connected obviously. It's one
7 aquatic ecosystem. But there's two goals in the
8 Compensation Lake. One of them is to actually, in
9 the nature of itself, actually be a location where
10 someone could go and fish, but also because it
11 would be connected to the natural environment, that
12 it would make sure that remaining habitats are
13 viable and productive.
14 Q. And are there other forms of compensation that you
15 are aware of in respect of this Project that DFO
16 would endorse as being that ACFN could utilize?
17 A. Other forms of fish habitat compensation?
18 Q. That's correct, yes.
19 A. There were other options proposed by Shell. I
20 think there were six or so. And there was some
21 evaluation of those. This was the one that came
22 out on top as far as that evaluation went.
23 Q. Are there other mitigation options, I just want to
24 make sure, I think you had addressed this in part
25 with Ms. Buss, are there other mitigation options
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1 that are being considered by DFO to address some of
2 the ACFN concerns?
3 A. The concerns related to fishing?
4 Q. Well, you know, one of the things -- yeah, sorry,
5 go ahead.
6 A. Well, the concerns related to access and hunting,
7 DFO doesn't have any particular mitigation measures
8 proposed, or Shell I don't believe. We are not
9 reviewing those mitigation measures if Shell has
10 proposed them.
11 Q. No, and I'm not speaking about those. What I'm
12 speaking about is access to fishing sites,
13 diversion of the Muskeg River. Are there other
14 mitigation options that DFO in particular is
15 considering?
16 A. None that I can think of.
17 Q. Okay. And I just want to clarify that because
18 you'd mentioned something about stocking, for
19 example, stocking existing waterbodies, and I just
20 wanted to see if there were other options that
21 you'd been looking at in respect of this Project
22 for ACFN's concerns?
23 A. No, that response to earlier questioning was
24 related to other options that might exist to
25 maintain productivity of the Lower Athabasca River.
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1 So there are other options and, like I said, I
2 think there were six proposed different options
3 proposed by Shell over, you know, it's over the
4 course of a number of years now. And as far as
5 we're concerned, the proposed Redclay Lake has a
6 good potential to offset impacts to fish and fish
7 habitat.
8 Q. And Ms. Buss had asked you some questions about the
9 mercury that's present in those lakes. And I don't
10 propose to go over those questions, but there are a
11 couple that I had that arose from that. One of the
12 things that comes out of your report is that, (as
13 read):
14
15 "... mitigation measures to
16 ensure that mercury levels drop or
17 include removal of large bodied
18 fish, removal of terrestrial
19 vegetation, and the temporary
20 isolation of fish until mercury
21 levels subside."
22
23 Without doing that, your report says it's 20
24 to 30 years before the elevated mercury levels
25 drop. With those measures, what's the timeframe
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1 we're looking at?
2 A. Well, like I said to Ms. Buss, we're not mercury
3 experts. Some of the literature I think suggests
4 that it can be reduced by to approximately eight to
5 twelve years.
6 Q. And I take it ACFN has expressed the concern to you
7 that the lake is not actually going to be usable to
8 them for some time. And have you responded with
9 the answer you just gave now?
10 A. The reason we have compensation ratios that are
11 greater than 1:1 is we acknowledge and proponents
12 usually acknowledge that there will be some delay,
13 depending on when the lake is constructed. So, I
14 mean, in theory, Shell might be able to develop a
15 compensation lake before, or any proponent, before
16 any impacts occur and that lag time could be not
17 experienced in the same way. But typically, they
18 start concurrently with losses and so there is some
19 period of productivity that's lost and it forms
20 part of the reason why our compensation ratios are
21 usually or have been typically 2:1.
22 Q. And what I'm curious about is what's the timeframe
23 that you've suggested, if you have, what's the
24 timeframe that you've suggested to ACFN that they
25 would be able to actually go in and fish in that
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1 lake after it's been constructed?
2 A. We've told them that, you know, depending on the
3 mitigation measures that are put in place, like if
4 one of the options if it ends up being the
5 large-bodied fish are being removed and
6 smaller-bodied fish or younger fish are edible,
7 then timing might change as to when they would be
8 able to access it. But regardless of the issues
9 around mercury, it's typical in these projects that
10 we would expect, you know, 10, 12 years of
11 monitoring and baseline information of the lake's
12 productivity before unmeasurable harvest is
13 occurring so that we understand actually how this
14 lake contributes to the productivity of the rest of
15 the ecosystem.
16 Q. So at 10 to 12 years you'd hope that the lake would
17 be fishable, but it's not guaranteed, I guess?
18 A. It's not guaranteed. I think that our expectation
19 is that it would, that the literature suggests with
20 mitigation, that it might be around 12 years. But
21 maybe the time might actually be extended more
22 around our ability to be sure that it's functioning
23 correctly.
24 Q. And what do you mean by that?
25 A. Well, the lake would have some period of filling.
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1 It would have a period of, you know, trophic
2 development. And so depending on how it was
3 stocked or how fish colonized the lake, it would
4 take some time to come to some equilibrium so we
5 would be able to assess its productivity and its
6 ability to produce any particular species.
7 Q. So 10 to 12 years until it could be utilized, good
8 chance it could be longer than that?
9 A. I'd say it would be 10 years minimum. And I don't
10 expect it to be 20, but we'll have to see.
11 Q. And what are the fish species that you've suggested
12 to ACFN that they would be able to harvest?
13 A. Mr. Janowicz will answer that.
14 A. MR. JANOWICZ: Our approach, general
15 approach is that we expect fish species that are
16 already there to colonize the lake. So for the
17 west side of Athabasca, that would be pike for
18 sure, possibly walleye, burbot.
19 We've had some talks with Aboriginal groups,
20 they would really like to see whitefish in the
21 lake, but that's kind of like we think about it as
22 a bonus at this point.
23 Possibly perch, and then several forage
24 species. And suckers.
25 Q. Thank you. I understand there's a section of the
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1 new, the revised Fisheries Act, in Section 6, which
2 provides that there can be agreements between DFO
3 and the provinces regarding such things as habitat
4 management. Have any agreements been reached with
5 Alberta about habitat management in the
6 Peace-Athabasca Delta under Section 6?
7 A. MR. MAKOWECKI: I wouldn't be able to comment
8 on that. We're not briefed on that level of
9 discussion, if there is or isn't any.
10 Q. Are you aware of whether there's any similar
11 provision for agreements such as that with First
12 Nations through the Fisheries Act?
13 A. I'm not.
14 Q. Not that you know of?
15 A. Not that I know of.
16 Q. No. The Fisheries Act doesn't actually provide for
17 agreements between DFO and First Nations with
18 respect to things like habitat management, does it?
19 A. I'm not aware if it does.
20 Q. If a Section 35(2) authorization is provided here,
21 is that going to be done by DFO or is that going to
22 be done through a delegated authority, like through
23 the Province or another agency?
24 A. My expectation is it will be through DFO.
25 Q. DFO isn't delegating that decision to somebody
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1 else, is it?
2 A. I'm not aware of discussions that could confirm or
3 deny that. I'm just not briefed on that.
4 Q. Could you undertake to provide that information?
5 A. So what's your question exactly? It's whether or
6 not there's discussions under way to --
7 Q. No. Whether or not DFO is going to provide the
8 Section 35(2) authorization or whether that will be
9 delegated to another agency or the Province?
10 A. I can inquire.
11 Q. Thank you. I'll take that as an undertaking.
12
13 UNDERTAKING 43: ADVISE WHETHER OR NOT DFO IS
14 GOING TO PROVIDE THE SECTION 35(2) AUTHORIZATION
15 OR WHETHER THAT WILL BE DELEGATED TO ANOTHER
16 AGENCY OR THE PROVINCE
17
18 Q. I think this is a couple questions for NRCan. I
19 saw that in the news yesterday there was a report
20 that the International Energy Agency had come out
21 with its World Energy Outlook. Can anybody confirm
22 that that's the case?
23 A. MS. KASPERSKI: I remember seeing it in the
24 news, but that's all I know about it. Or hearing
25 it, sorry, on the morning news report.
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1 Q. I understand that Canada's a member country of the
2 International Energy Agency, so I take it it would
3 be privy to the report, at least?
4 A. That's way outside my area of expertise. I would
5 not know.
6 MR. LAMBRECHT: I rise because my friend has
7 courteously provided me with a copy of a newspaper
8 article from the Globe and Mail yesterday that he
9 would propose to tender to the witnesses I think as
10 an aide-memoire and then propose to mark it as an
11 exhibit. It is the news media report that I think
12 he references. He does not have the report itself.
13 And I really think this is going a little bit too
14 far afield in presenting our witnesses, who are
15 here to testify about subject matters within their
16 evidence. So I rise to indicate that I think I'm
17 going to object to this particular document and its
18 use.
19 THE CHAIRMAN: Mr. Murphy.
20 MR. MURPHY: Yes, thank you. The purpose
21 in putting before the Panel was twofold. One is
22 that the Minister of Natural Resources Mr. Oliver
23 has commented publicly on it. But I wanted to ask
24 how it, if at all, factors into the ultimate
25 decision that's made under CEAA, and it's Section
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1 52 of CEAA, the decision made to approve this
2 Project or not.
3 THE CHAIRMAN: What I'm hearing, sir, is
4 there is no witness on the panel who could deal
5 with that. Have I misunderstood, Mr. Lambrecht?
6 MR. LAMBRECHT: No, sir, and indeed that is a
7 future, you have not misunderstood, that is a
8 future event. I'm not sure how a witness could
9 swear today how a future event might take account
10 of information that is referenced tangentially in a
11 newspaper article from yesterday.
12 THE CHAIRMAN: Sir, I think we ought to move
13 on to something else.
14 MR. MURPHY: Thank you.
15 Q. My next set of questions are for Environment
16 Canada. And I'd like you to turn to Chapter 8 of
17 the Environment Canada submission. And I'm looking
18 at the recommendations and they start at PDF 94.
19 And it's Environment Canada page 52.
20 A. MS. BARANIECKI: Yes.
21 Q. Ms. Baraniecki, earlier you'd mentioned that you
22 referenced page 5 of the report and I think one of
23 the things you said is part of Environment Canada's
24 role is to provide some recommendations to this
25 Panel; is that right?
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1 A. That's correct.
2 Q. And so the recommendations that are set out in
3 Chapter 8, I mean there's a summary of all the
4 recommendations through the report, are these
5 recommendations that are considered to be in
6 overall mitigations related to this Project?
7 A. So I think again I'd actually like to refer you
8 back to the introduction of our submission. And
9 specifically back to page 6 within the summary
10 that, really, what the suite of recommendations
11 encompasses is what Environment Canada feels would
12 be the types of recommendations that should this
13 Project proceed and should those recommendations be
14 implemented, the suite of recommendations that
15 would improve the overall environmental performance
16 of this Project.
17 Q. So are they mitigations? I've characterized them
18 that way, would that be a fair characterization?
19 A. Mitigations for certain impacts for sure.
20 Q. Okay. Are these things that Environment Canada
21 would like to see as conditions, then, on any
22 approval of the Project?
23 A. That's premature at this point. Really, at this
24 point we're providing our review of the Project to
25 the Panel. And at that point when we have the
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1 Panel Report in hand, that is when, during the
2 process, that we would be looking at that report
3 and evaluating that information at that time. So
4 it's really hard to say that, you know, this
5 specific clause could be. We can't speculate at
6 this time because it really all depends on the
7 recommendations coming back from the Panel.
8 Q. No, I'm not asking you to speculate. I guess I'm
9 going back to where it says on page 5 that you
10 provide a review of the proposed mitigation and
11 then considerations for additional mitigation
12 measures. And I'm just trying to understand the
13 recommendations, whether they fall into that latter
14 category. And I'll go through some specific ones
15 for you, but I'm just trying to understand, is that
16 what you're get getting at with these
17 recommendations?
18 A. I think what we're at, it's a combination of both,
19 actually. So in some cases, we've reviewed
20 mitigation as proposed by the proponent. And in
21 other cases we are looking at some additional
22 measures. And have made those recommendations
23 based on our review. So it is a combination that
24 you see combined there within the Chapter 8.
25 Q. Right. And so a number of these would, I would
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1 think, become conditions of any approval or at
2 least they would be Environment Canada's hope that
3 they would be, a number of these recommendations?
4 A. Not necessarily. This doesn't preclude that they
5 could be.
6 Q. Okay.
7 A. But that's not a foregone conclusion.
8 Q. Are there things that are not in there, then, that
9 you would want to see attached as conditions of
10 this Project?
11 A. No, this submission represents the suite of
12 recommendations that we have.
13 Q. And I want to take you to some of your
14 recommendations specifically, but it looks like a
15 lot of the detail on how to is left to Shell's
16 discretion. And I want to take you to for example
17 to Recommendation 1.
18 A. Okay.
19 Q. If you look at Recommendation 1 (a), it says,
20 "Identify and implement measures":
21
22 "Environment Canada requests
23 the Panel recommend that Shell
24 Canada: Identify and implement
25 measures that avoid direct loss of
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1 species at risk and migratory bird
2 habitat."
3
4 I'm wondering what Environment Canada
5 recommends, what measures would Environment Canada
6 recommend?
7 A. Okay, so I believe Mr. Wiacek will be able to speak
8 to that. Or at least start off.
9 A. MR. WIACEK: Well, there are a number of
10 measures that may be available to Shell to avoid
11 direct loss of habitat. For example, some of their
12 facilities may not be underlain by bitumen, so they
13 maybe have some flexibility in terms of where they
14 may be able to put them. Really, so it's up to
15 Shell to identify those. But we feel that there
16 may be some options for them there.
17 Q. But I'm just curious why Environment Canada doesn't
18 actually recommend those measures. Like, I'm just
19 looking for some specificity I guess from
20 Environment Canada about what it would suggest.
21 And I guess it goes back to Ms. Buss's question to
22 you about, you know, you all bring some expertise
23 here that I think could benefit everybody and,
24 quite frankly, the Panel, and so I'm just wondering
25 where those recommendations are?
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1 A. We certainly bring expertise in terms of wildlife
2 and wildlife habitat use. However, we are not the
3 engineers of the Project, so we do not understand
4 all the technicalities about building an oil sands
5 project, so we may not be able to provide the best
6 options for Shell. I think it's up to them to
7 evaluate that and provide us with options.
8 Q. So you would leave it up to Shell, then, for
9 example in 1 (a), to:
10
11 "Identify and implement
12 measures that avoid a direct loss
13 of species at risk and migratory
14 bird and habitat".
15
16 A. We would leave it up to Shell, yes, to identify
17 measures to avoid as well as lessen effects.
18 Q. And I take it the same is true, then, when you get
19 to sub (b) and sub (c) where it says identify and
20 implement measures, Environment Canada's not
21 suggesting any measures, they are saying Shell has
22 to come up with those measures?
23 A. Well, the technical aspects of avoiding the effects
24 of drawdown, we would certainly look at Shell to
25 provide those details. We certainly aren't
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1 engineers in oil sands mine development.
2 Q. But fair enough. But surely you've considered what
3 possible measures might do the things that you're
4 suggesting be done, isn't that true?
5 A. Well, in this case, it's to avoid the effects of
6 drawdown on the lenticular fen, so that's a
7 particular location on their lease.
8 Q. Well, were there any measures that Environment
9 Canada would suggest that would protect the fen,
10 for example?
11 A. You're referring to technical measures? Or could
12 you be more specific there, please.
13 Q. Well, I'm just trying to understand, I guess, what
14 it is Environment Canada is getting at when it says
15 "Shell should implement measures as necessary to
16 maintain the condition and function of the fen."
17 A. Sorry, would you mind repeating that question.
18 Q. Sure, and I'm looking specifically at
19 Recommendation 1 (d)(2) now. And it talks about
20 first of all it talks about monitoring the
21 condition of the lenticular fen, but then it goes
22 on to say that Shell Canada should:
23
24 "Implement measures, as
25 necessary, to maintain the
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1 condition and function of the fen."
2
3 And I guess the question that I have that
4 comes out of that is what measures could protect
5 the fen? Has Environment Canada turned its
6 collective mind to that?
7 A. We have not provided any specific recommendations
8 to Shell on that. We are aware that measures are
9 being explored for the Suncor Fort Hills Project to
10 maintain the integrity of the McClelland Lake fen,
11 and certainly measures that are being considered
12 and proposed for that project could be applied for
13 this Project.
14 Q. Are you aware of any measures that Shell has
15 proposed to maintain the condition of the end
16 function of the fen?
17 A. I am not aware of any measures they've proposed.
18 In Shell's Environmental Assessment, they indicate
19 I believe about 16 percent of the fen will be
20 directly impacted by mine development and the
21 remainder would be affected by drawdown. I believe
22 they indicated they would monitor it, but I don't
23 believe they are offering any mitigation for loss
24 of the fen.
25 Q. Okay. And just to wrap that up, I mean, is there
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1 anything that you're aware of that might actually
2 either mitigate the drawdown of the fen or the
3 actual removal of the fen?
4 A. Are you referring from again a technical aspect?
5 Q. Well, from your own experiences as an Environment
6 Canada scientist.
7 A. Again, I would refer to the work that's being done
8 on the McClelland Lake fen. I think that's very
9 relevant for this situation.
10 Q. And is that information that Environment Canada has
11 submitted before this Panel?
12 A. No. I have had discussions with the Province. I
13 don't sit on the -- I believe there's a McClelland
14 Lake Wetland Complex Working Group. I do not sit
15 on that group, so I do not have the information
16 from that, but I have spoken to the Province and
17 they've indicated that when the information becomes
18 available, they will be able to provide it to us.
19 Q. Okay. So getting back to this Project, then, there
20 aren't any measures proposed at this point, then,
21 to maintain the condition and function of the fen
22 with respect to this Project?
23 A. Again, in terms of technical measures, we would
24 leave that up to Shell to determine.
25 Q. But I believe you've said there aren't any that you
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1 know of.
2 A. Again, there are measures that are being considered
3 for the McClelland Lake fen that could be applied
4 to this Project.
5 Q. Right, but I'm asking you whether Shell has
6 proposed those. And think your answer is no.
7 A. No, Shell has not proposed yet.
8 Q. And those certainly aren't incorporated into your
9 recommendations?
10 A. Sorry, could you repeat that?
11 Q. The reference to McClelland Lake and the work
12 that's been done there, those aren't incorporated
13 into your recommendations here, are they?
14 A. No, they are not.
15 Q. The Recommendation 1 (e), it says:
16
17 "Consider, in the event that
18 proposed measures cannot mitigate
19 direct and indirect habitat loss
20 for species at risk and migratory
21 birds, the use of conservation
22 allowances."
23
24 Are Treaty Rights for First Nations like
25 Athabasca Chipewyan First Nation, are those
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1 factored into conservation allowances?
2 A. MS. BARANIECKI: They could be, actually,
3 within the operational framework. There is a
4 reference to the fact that within the -- if there
5 is a decision that a conservation allowance is an
6 appropriate mitigation tool, that it could be used
7 as part of that, I guess, those considerations as
8 well.
9 Q. Okay. And has Environment Canada considered doing
10 that in respect of this Project?
11 A. Again to clarify, our recommendation is that it is
12 one of the options that Shell could consider for
13 the mitigation, so we have not specifically
14 considered that, no.
15 THE CHAIRMAN: Mr. Murphy, were you moving
16 on to something else, another area? It's just that
17 at this time of day, we need to give the reporter a
18 break more frequently than we normally would. So
19 could we take 10 minutes now.
20 MR. MURPHY: Oh, sure.
21 THE CHAIRMAN: Back in 10 minutes.
22
23 (Brief Break)
24
25 THE CHAIRMAN: Could we resume, please.
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1 Mr. Murphy, could you take us to about
2 eight o'clock?
3 MR. MURPHY: Yes, thank you. I'd start
4 but I think the people that I'm wanting to question
5 are not quite here yet.
6 Thank you, Panel.
7 Q. Just a couple more questions about the
8 recommendations. If you look at Recommendation
9 2(j). And it says:
10
11 "Environment Canada requests
12 the Panel recommend that Shell
13 Canada: Design the Kearl Lake
14 levee to avoid impacts to aquatic
15 habitats used by migratory birds."
16
17 And again, I'm just wondering whether
18 Environment Canada has any suggestions about how a
19 levee might be designed to avoid impacts to aquatic
20 habitats for migratory birds?
21 A. MS. BARANIECKI: Again, I think not being
22 technical experts or engineers, definitely the
23 design of a levee would be very much outside of our
24 area of expertise.
25 Collectively, these recommendations are made
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1 with respect to those ecosystem components or those
2 species that are of interest or with respect to
3 trying to mitigate specific environmental impacts.
4 So while we may not have had the technical
5 knowledge on how that could be implemented, what
6 we're recommending there is that obviously if there
7 are some mitigation options, why that
8 recommendation is important is to avoid those
9 impacts to those aquatic habitats used by those
10 migratory birds.
11 So again, it's the objective we were getting
12 at, not necessarily the specifics and technical
13 aspects of those recommendations.
14 Q. Okay, thanks for that. So how do you know, then,
15 that a levee would actually be a suitable
16 mitigation, then, in that case?
17 A. I don't think this is so much the design, whether
18 the levee is there or not. It's the design of the
19 levee so that it's - that's taken into
20 consideration in order to avoid those impacts,
21 because I do believe with the current design, I
22 believe
23 Mr. Wiacek is just verifying, that with that
24 current design there would be impacts. So whether
25 or not there's other design considerations that
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1 could mitigate those impacts, that's what we were
2 getting at with that recommendation.
3 A. MR. WIACEK: I guess one point we made in
4 our submission is that the extent and the use of
5 the lake by migrating and nesting birds that may
6 decrease is unknown, and it will depend obviously
7 on the design of that levee. So our recommendation
8 is to design it in such a way that minimizes
9 effects on the migrating nesting birds, then to
10 monitor the use of the levee and then apply
11 adaptive management to address any effects that may
12 be identified on the use of the lake.
13 Q. So just so I understand what you're saying, has
14 Environment Canada then reached a conclusion that
15 the present levee is not suitable?
16 A. It is uncertain whether it is suitable, so we are
17 requesting some monitoring be done. And adaptive
18 management.
19 Q. And the reason I ask that is it says "design the
20 Kearl Lake levee", so I don't know if you're
21 suggesting that it needs to be re-designed or the
22 present levee is just not suitable and there needs
23 to be work on that. I'm just trying to understand
24 what that recommendation is getting at.
25 A. Well, we are concerned that there'll be a change in
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1 the littoral habitat and the use of the lake by
2 migrating birds, but we're uncertain what that
3 change will be, so we're proposing an adaptive
4 management approach where Shell evaluates the use
5 of that lake and applies appropriate mitigation if
6 effects are identified.
7 Q. Okay, so you're leaving that to Shell, then, to do
8 that evaluation and apply other mitigations if
9 Shell deems it suitable?
10 A. That's correct. Well, the mitigation is the
11 responsibility of Shell.
12 Q. Does Environment Canada monitor that mitigation?
13 A. MS. BARANIECKI: Sorry, we're just confirming
14 here.
15 A. So I think it would be a little bit difficult at
16 this point to speculate on the type of monitoring
17 for effectiveness. That could be something that
18 the proponent might do as part of their onsite
19 monitoring with respect to the Project. So, again,
20 depends on what type of mitigation was being
21 proposed, then that would determine the type of
22 appropriate mitigation and then from there the
23 determination of who and how.
24 Q. And I'm not asking you to speculate. I'm sorry if
25 I came across that way. I'm just trying to get a
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1 sense of when Environment Canada says, okay, Shell,
2 we want you to design the levee to avoid impacts to
3 bird habitat, for example, I mean, does Environment
4 Canada play a role, then, in following up to make
5 sure this is done?
6 A. MR. WIACEK: Under CEAA, there's the
7 requirement of a follow-up program, so we would be
8 involved in that program.
9 Q. So that's yes?
10 A. That's a yes.
11 Q. Okay. And is Environment Canada responsible for
12 enforcing the Migratory Birds Convention Act?
13 A. Yes, we are.
14 Q. Okay. Turning your attention to page 26 of your
15 report, it's PDF 68. And the paragraph under "EC's
16 Conclusions:", I wonder if you could have a look at
17 that.
18 A. Okay, I'm there.
19 Q. And so my question about that is in reaching the
20 conclusions that you set out there in that
21 paragraph, did Environment Canada consider the
22 consequences of avian mortality on traditional use
23 in the exercise of Treaty Rights?
24 A. We certainly are aware of ACFN's concerns.
25 Q. And I'm just wondering if Environment Canada looks
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1 at when it's considering the consequences of avian
2 mortality, does it consider the consequences of
3 avian mortality on the traditional use and ACFN's
4 Treaty Rights?
5 A. We focus on the legislative requirements and the
6 science.
7 Q. And when you say "the legislative requirements,"
8 what are you referring to?
9 A. Requirements under the Migratory Birds Convention
10 Act.
11 Q. Okay. You're now referring to the Constitution Act
12 Section 35, I take it?
13 A. No.
14 Q. Okay. At the middle of the following pages, PDF
15 69, page 27 of the Environment Canada Report, in
16 the middle of the page, it says:
17
18 "Environment Canada also
19 recommends that Shell Canada
20 implement additional measures to
21 minimize the surface distribution
22 of oils on process-affected ponds,
23 to reduce the potential risk of
24 mortality should birds land."
25
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1 Again, what does Environment Canada do to
2 ensure that Shell is subject to binding conditions
3 that take into account those additional measures?
4 A. MS. BARANIECKI: So in this case, the
5 Migratory Birds Convention Act obviously is a law.
6 And compliance with a law, irrespective of whatever
7 decisions are taken on a specific project or those
8 specific conditions that might come out, compliance
9 with the law is mandatory. So we do have an
10 enforcement program that does enforce that law.
11 Q. And I'm thinking more in respect of recommendations
12 that might come out of this process, how does
13 Environment Canada then ensure that those
14 recommendations are being complied with? And I'm
15 wondering specifically in relation to that
16 recommendation that I just read to you.
17 A. Depends what happens with this recommendation
18 through this process. Again, I'm not being able to
19 speculate on where this might land, post-Panel
20 report, but you know, that's going to depend.
21 Regardless, the Migratory Birds Convention Act
22 would still apply, so that would still be
23 enforceable. With respect to the specific
24 recommendation, again, the Canadian Environmental
25 Assessment Act does require a follow-up program, so
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1 presumably there would at least be that aspect, but
2 whether or not there'd be an enforceable aspect, we
3 can't say.
4 Q. And you mentioned a moment ago, you said
5 "regardless the Act would apply." And how so in
6 respect of the recommendation there that I just
7 read to you?
8 A. Sorry, could you repeat that question, please.
9 Q. Yes, you had mentioned, you said "regardless the
10 Act would apply." And I was asking, you know, in
11 respect of recommendations that would come out of
12 this process, one of your comments was "regardless
13 the Act would apply." And I'm just wondering, is
14 that the case with respect to that recommendation
15 that you're referring to?
16 A. It's actually with respect to any recommendation.
17 So, for instance, provisions under the Canadian
18 Environmental Protection Act, the Species at Risk
19 Act, the Migratory Birds Convention Act and the
20 Fisheries Act, as described in our submission are
21 sort of the four cornerstone pieces of legislation.
22 Regardless of whatever conditions might be applied
23 to a proponent on a project, they don't supersede
24 the law, obviously the law would still apply.
25 Q. Right. And maybe I'm being misunderstood. I'm
Realtime Connection [email protected] 3310
1 just curious about the actual recommendations. I
2 mean, I understand that you've got the Act, the Act
3 applies and if there are violations of that Act,
4 then presumably there could be enforcement action.
5 But in respect of recommendations that come out of
6 this process, I mean, I don't think you're
7 suggesting that all of the recommendations that
8 come out of this process would get the force of law
9 which could then be enforced under the Migratory
10 Birds Convention Act, are you?
11 A. No.
12 Q. No. So that's what I was just referring to is how
13 then do you ensure those recommendations, like the
14 one I just mentioned, is adhered to?
15 A. So in general, there's the follow-up monitoring
16 programs. There is the opportunity under the new
17 legislation under the Canadian Environmental
18 Assessment Act for enforceable conditions. But
19 we're certainly not there yet.
20 Q. Okay. And are you asking that all of the
21 recommendations that you're making here be part of
22 a follow-up monitoring program?
23 A. It's a requirement under the Canadian Environmental
24 Assessment Act for follow-up, so, in a sense, they
25 would be captured that way.
Realtime Connection [email protected] 3311
1 Q. Thank you. At page 17 of the Environment Canada
2 Report, it's PDF 59.
3 A. Yes.
4 Q. In the summary, it says:
5
6 "Developing integrated
7 management frameworks, monitoring
8 cumulative effects of multiple
9 stressors through an integrated
10 monitoring program, and
11 implementing coordinated mitigation
12 measures are necessary to manage
13 the oil sands region from an
14 economic, social and environmental
15 perspective."
16
17 Where in that suite of perspectives,
18 economic, social and environmental, would you say
19 that the First Nation Rights are considered, or are
20 they?
21 A. I think they would be considered throughout those
22 three categories.
23 Q. And can you say that they have been?
24 A. With respect to any of those three?
25 Q. Yes, I'm just wondering where in there is the, you
Realtime Connection [email protected] 3312
1 know, the Aboriginal perspective, the Aboriginal
2 Rights perspective considered. I mean, it
3 explicitly says "economic, social and environmental
4 perspective," and I'm just wondering where the
5 Aboriginal Rights perspective fits in. And perhaps
6 it doesn't, but I'm just trying to understand.
7 A. I think it does. And in fact throughout our
8 submission and our text, and leading into our
9 recommendations, and even throughout this process,
10 we have taken in the information that we've
11 obtained through information that's been filed
12 through this process, various letters, various
13 dialogue that we've had, and that is taken into
14 consideration that we've had discussions with
15 Aboriginal peoples as we've formulated our own
16 specific recommendations, so those are actively
17 taken into consideration. So we've heard, for
18 instance, where there's an Aboriginal concern with
19 respect to, you know, air quality, and we've looked
20 at that and we've considered that information while
21 we've been doing our own assessment and formulating
22 our recommendations.
23 Q. So does, if I can step it one step further, does
24 Environment Canada acknowledge that protecting
25 First Nation and Aboriginal Treaty Rights is a
Realtime Connection [email protected] 3313
1 priority in terms of the work that you're doing
2 here?
3 A. I think that's really important.
4 Q. And so I guess I'm just trying to understand where
5 in the balancing act here, when you're looking at
6 managing the oil sands region from an economic,
7 social and environmental perspective, where in the
8 balance do Aboriginal Rights fit versus say Shell's
9 economic interests, can you say? I mean, you said
10 "I think so," and I'm just trying to understand.
11 A. That's getting into a policy-level discussion that,
12 you know, really is outside of what we can
13 certainly speak to here.
14 What's really important in this section to
15 appreciate is this section is really actually
16 speaking to cumulative effects and specifically the
17 regional initiatives that are at play, so it wasn't
18 meant to be an all-encompassing description of all
19 of the factors that might be considered.
20 Really, within our submission, we've done two
21 things: We focussed a lot on some very specific
22 project-specific recommendations for mitigation,
23 and then at the same time what we are acknowledging
24 here is the cumulative effects issue, at the large
25 scale. And within that, what we're describing
Realtime Connection [email protected] 3314
1 within this section, and in what's summarized
2 there, is that there's a number of initiatives at
3 play. And we all know about these things. The
4 Joint Canada/Alberta Implementation Plan for Oil
5 Sands Monitoring is a huge piece for us to that.
6 Obviously we have participated in the development
7 of LARP. And we have been an active member of
8 CEMA.
9 And so we are just acknowledging that there's
10 a number of these things at play that collectively
11 are being used to manage cumulative effects to
12 implement the various monitoring to enable
13 decision-making and ultimately that's to enable the
14 adaptive management framework going forward.
15 So it's not exclusive of Aboriginal
16 considerations, because any one of these things,
17 for instance the Joint Canada-Alberta
18 Implementation Plan does include considerations for
19 Aboriginal interests within that. So, again, it's
20 not necessarily explicitly written into this text
21 here because this text was for a different
22 summation, I guess you could say.
23 Q. And that was going to be my question. I didn't see
24 a lot of reference to Aboriginal and Treaty Rights
25 and considerations and so I'm just trying to
Realtime Connection [email protected] 3315
1 understand whether in fact that was an explicit
2 part of this, and I think your answer is, no, it's
3 not?
4 A. It's not explicit in this part of the text.
5 However, throughout our submission we have
6 acknowledged where we had heard Aboriginal concerns
7 as we were considering that information in the
8 formulation of our recommendations. So we've
9 certainly taken a very concerted effort to listen
10 and understand with respect to those issues, as
11 we've formulated these recommendations.
12 Q. Thank you. The summary goes on to say:
13
14 "In addition, the important
15 role of oil sands developers to
16 utilize best available technology
17 in an environment of continuous
18 improvement over the life-time of
19 these projects also work towards
20 the management of cumulative
21 effects by enabling adaptive
22 management."
23
24 And is it fair to say effectiveness of
25 Environment Canada's recommendations here relies
Realtime Connection [email protected] 3316
1 upon oil sands developers utilizing best available
2 technology?
3 A. That's a very broad statement. And I think that's
4 a key component of a number of mitigation options.
5 Obviously better environmental performance, you
6 would see with better technologies that are being
7 used. So I think that's one of the key factors
8 that's important to underline.
9 Q. And I'm just referring to the text there. I'm
10 sorry if it was a broad question. I'm just pulling
11 the text out of the actual summary there.
12 A. For sure. I understand. It's a very broad
13 summary.
14 Q. And I guess one of the assumptions in that summary
15 is that the technology will continuously improve;
16 right?
17 A. Absolutely.
18 Q. And you're also assuming that adaptive management
19 plans will be successful; correct?
20 A. Well, adaptive management in and of itself allows
21 for change over time, so if things aren't working,
22 there's that mechanism to go back and improve upon
23 or make those adjustments in order to achieve the
24 successful outcome that people are trying to
25 achieve.
Realtime Connection [email protected] 3317
1 Q. Now, we've heard in this hearing that the adaptive
2 management plans that Shell has are a little more
3 than a twinkle in their eye. Does that give you
4 much comfort in terms of the conclusions that
5 you're reaching here?
6 A. Well, this isn't with respect to Shell's adaptive
7 management plans necessarily. That's one
8 component. As we've noted here, obviously the
9 proponents have a key role in ensuring proper
10 environmental performance, but there's a number of
11 other mechanisms that would enable adaptive
12 management besides just the proponent's plans.
13 Q. But in fairness in respect of that paragraph, the
14 reference to adaptive management is in the sentence
15 where you talk about the important role of oil
16 sands developers, so I'm just trying to tie it back
17 to what the sentence says.
18 A. That's fair. That's attached within that sentence.
19 We do have other places within our submission where
20 we do talk about adaptive management more
21 generally. And that's not tied to any specific
22 proponent.
23 Q. Okay. And I don't think I asked this specifically,
24 but obviously you're assuming that the developer is
25 going to use the best available technology as they
Realtime Connection [email protected] 3318
1 move through the life of the project?
2 A. That would be the hope.
3 Q. Yes. Now, there's no real way, though, of knowing
4 at this stage whether the best available technology
5 in say 10 years is going to be able to manage
6 environmental effects to any significant level,
7 like, we just don't know that right now, do we?
8 A. No, I don't think we can say for certain what the
9 technology will look like in 10 years.
10 Q. I guess that's part of the struggle and it's one of
11 the things that this Panel is to determine, is we
12 don't actually have an accurate picture of what the
13 cumulative effects are now, never mind 20 years
14 from now; would that be fair?
15 A. I guess just to clarify. The Proponent had
16 modelled with respect to this particular Project, I
17 guess the cumulative impacts at the regional study
18 level, so there is some information available.
19 Q. So some information at the regional level. Let me
20 just then turn your mind to the Kirk Muir report
21 that Ms. Buss took you to. Because I think this is
22 perhaps helpful in the context of the discussion on
23 cumulative effects. And I just can't find the
24 exhibit number. Do you have that abstract before
25 you?
Realtime Connection [email protected] 3319
1 A. We do, thank you.
2 Q. I just don't have the exhibit number here. And
3 from what I understand, and I appreciate that it's
4 just an abstract, but the results are only the
5 initial phases of a monitoring program; is that
6 right?
7 A. MS. CHAMBERS: Yes, it is.
8 Q. I take it more data is required from this
9 particular study that's going on by Kirk and Muir
10 before any sort of informed decision can be made
11 about the significance of cumulative impacts from
12 some of these contaminants showing up in the bottom
13 of these lakes; is that fair?
14 A. Yes, it is. I think the contaminants in the lakes,
15 though, refers to the abstract by Muir at 427. The
16 abstract by Kirk is 424 and it doesn't talk about
17 the lakes, it's the snow one.
18 Q. Thank you. So certainly further data with respect
19 to the study you just mentioned would be I guess
20 very helpful to try and assess cumulative impacts?
21 A. The lake study?
22 Q. Yes.
23 A. Yes. I think as it says here, it's data from five
24 lakes, yes, five lakes and one reference lake.
25 Q. Okay.
Realtime Connection [email protected] 3320
1 A. And I should point out, too, it's data in it's very
2 early stage of interpretation.
3 Q. And I guess we don't really know when we're going
4 to have enough data to make some more informed
5 decisions about what's happening?
6 A. Well, one certainly hopes as time goes on, but on
7 the basis of what's shown in the abstracts here,
8 this is still in the early stage.
9 Q. Right. Is Environment Canada able to make at this
10 juncture, given what you've just said, is
11 Environment Canada able to make any assessment of
12 whether these deposits that are showing up in the
13 lakes, are these deleterious substances with
14 respect to fish-bearing waters, are you able to
15 make that kind of assessment at this juncture?
16 A. Well, the abstract, and I can only speak to the
17 abstract because I'm not the specialist who
18 conducted this work, but I think one of the
19 abstracts says that the concentrations were below
20 guidelines or limits. Actually I think that might
21 be -- I have to check and see which one of these
22 abstracts it is. But of the three that we
23 discussed earlier in the day, certainly one of them
24 says that it was below guidelines. I think it was
25 the Muir abstract which is number 427.
Realtime Connection [email protected] 3321
1 Q. Okay. And that's below guidelines in respect of
2 whether there's deleterious substances?
3 A. Yes, yes. And you'll just have to let me confirm
4 which one it was, but I think it was the Muir one.
5 But when I'm saying guidelines, I'm referring to
6 CCME, the Canadian Council for Ministers of the
7 Environment.
8 Q. Is that something, I understand from the report,
9 the submissions of Environment Canada, that
10 Environment Canada administers Subsections 36(3) of
11 the Fisheries Act which prohibits the deposit of a
12 deleterious substance. So that's why I'm asking
13 you if that's something that you're able to tell
14 from this abstract. And is that something that
15 Environment Canada then keeps its eye on, I mean,
16 thus far given the findings?
17 A. MS. BARANIECKI: So absolutely. The
18 enforcement component of our department obviously
19 does follow up and do -- well, they do inspections
20 with respect to the Fisheries Act. So if they have
21 a suspicion or basically any operating facility
22 that might potentially fall under that Act could in
23 fact be inspected. They do follow up with
24 complaints. And this is all in accordance with
25 their compliance and enforcement policy, which I
Realtime Connection [email protected] 3322
1 can provide that reference if anyone is interested.
2 But there is a very specific policy within
3 our department that guides our enforcement officers
4 as they discharge those duties with respect to the
5 Fisheries Act. So if there was the potential or
6 the deposit of a deleterious substance, that is
7 something that they could go and inspect to
8 determine if in fact there was a violation.
9 Q. And I guess the question is, given these abstracts
10 that we now have before us, is that something then
11 that Environment Canada will be keeping its eye on?
12 A. Our enforcement officers are certainly aware of the
13 work to some extent that's going on within the
14 department. At this point, though, I think there's
15 a difference between let's say a facility that
16 might discharge directly into the river during an
17 accident as an example, versus this is preliminary
18 scientific data, it's not necessarily tied to any
19 particular source. So it would be very, I would
20 assume, not being an enforcement officer, but it
21 would be very difficult to tie this back at this
22 point, being that it's such preliminary data.
23 Q. And that was going to be my next question is how do
24 you actually tie it back to any specific operation?
25 I guess there's no real way to do that?
Realtime Connection [email protected] 3323
1 A. Not to my knowledge. But we do have enforcement
2 officers that are on the ground. They do come up
3 to Fort McMurray. We do have an office here and
4 they go out and do inspections in the area.
5 Q. I'm just trying to understand how if there is a
6 substance which ends up violating Section 36 of the
7 Fisheries Act, how do you actually, how are you
8 able to tie that back to an operator? Is there any
9 way you can do that, that you know of?
10 A. I think at this point we're getting into a very
11 legal type of discussion that an enforcement
12 officer would need to do through their inspections
13 and investigations. We're getting into the type of
14 evidence that they might need to collect and
15 whether or not that could be proven in a court of
16 law. So that's really outside of what we can speak
17 to. But in general, those are all the kinds of
18 steps that are involved.
19 Q. Going to the submissions again at page 32. This is
20 PDF page 74. In the second paragraph, do you have
21 that there?
22 A. Yes.
23 Q. Sort of partway through:
24
25 "Limited information is
Realtime Connection [email protected] 3324
1 available on population trends of
2 most species at risk and migratory
3 birds in the oil sands region..."
4
5 Is that statement still true?
6 A. MR. WIACEK: For most, that's correct.
7 Q. And it goes on to say: "... and the cumulative
8 effects of industrial development." Is that still
9 true?
10 A. In terms of population trajectories, that's
11 correct.
12 Q. Okay. And:
13
14 "Thresholds of habitat loss
15 that trigger changes in population
16 persistence (sustainability) or
17 resilience are also largely
18 unknown."
19
20 Is that still correct?
21 A. That's correct. We have no information on
22 thresholds for most species, whether they actually
23 occur for species.
24 Q. And is that why it goes on to say that you've
25 initiated an integrated monitoring program, and is
Realtime Connection [email protected] 3325
1 that why you've done that is to try and gather that
2 information for terrestrial biodiversity in the oil
3 sands area?
4 A. MS. SONG: Yes, that's part of the
5 reason is to fill in some of those gaps.
6 Q. And when is that program set to begin, do you know?
7 A. It has begun.
8 Q. Oh, okay. When is it going to be fully
9 implemented, do you know?
10 A. Our goal is in three years, so by 2015. But we've
11 said it's an adaptive management approach, and I
12 certainly anticipate that we'll be learning and
13 changing the program in the response to the
14 information we gain.
15 Q. All right. So you're still learning as you go and
16 you're going to presumably make some modifications
17 or changes as you go along?
18 A. Yes.
19 Q. Yes.
20 MR. MURPHY: I believe I'm just about done,
21 Mr. Chair. I'll just have one moment. Thanks. I
22 think I'm going to turn things over to my
23 colleague, Jenny Biem.
24 I note the time and I wonder if we should
25 just resume in the morning.
Realtime Connection [email protected] 3326
1 THE CHAIRMAN: That's probably a good plan,
2 sir.
3 MR. MURPHY: Thank you, Panel.
4 THE CHAIRMAN: Thank you, panel. See you at
5 8:30.
6
7 (The Proceeding Adjourned at 7:46 p.m.)
8 (The hearing to resume on Thursday,
9 November 15th, 2012 at 8:30 a.m.)
10
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Realtime Connection [email protected] 3327
1 REPORTER'S CERTIFICATION
2
3 I, Nancy Nielsen, RCR, RPR, CSR(A), Official
4 Realtime Reporter in the Provinces of British Columbia
5 and Alberta, Canada, do hereby certify:
6
7 That the proceedings were taken down by me in
8 shorthand at the time and place herein set forth and
9 thereafter transcribed, and the same is a true and
10 correct and complete transcript of said proceedings to
11 the best of my skill and ability.
12
13 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto subscribed
14 my name this 13th day of November, 2012.
15
16
17
18 ______
19 Nancy Nielsen, RCR, RPR, CSR(A)
20 Official Realtime Reporter
21
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# 017-048 [3] - 2984:3; 3059:24; 3157:16; 3065:22; 3090:4; 3091:2; 3238:13, 15 3207:12, 17 3094:7; 3096:7; 3103:23; 017-049 [2] - 2984:5; 3248:8 150 [1] - 3036:8 3104:2; 3105:8; 3123:19; #175 [1] - 2978:17 017-050 [3] - 2984:8; 151 [1] - 2976:24 3140:14; 3143:18; #468 [1] - 2978:13 3261:25; 3262:2 1554388 [1] - 2976:4 3165:22; 3167:16, 22 039 [2] - 3109:15 15th [2] - 3091:19; 3326:9 $ 041 [1] - 3152:22 15TH [1] - 2982:20 2 042 [2] - 3153:3 16 [3] - 3157:17; 3159:15; 043 [1] - 3162:15 3298:19 $160,000 [1] - 3068:15 2 [10] - 2984:3; 3009:21; 049 [1] - 3248:5 17 [4] - 3163:2; 3226:21; $35,000 [1] - 3013:25 3039:19; 3082:21; 3279:5; 3311:1 3222:19; 3237:21; 3238:9, 1714 [2] - 3001:1, 5 ' 1 15; 3253:17; 3254:11 18 [4] - 2998:5; 3219:10, 13; 2(j) [1] - 3302:9 3221:2 1 [51] - 2978:19; 2980:5, 2,612 [1] - 3106:21 '30s [1] - 3048:16 18,000 [1] - 3232:4 9-10, 12-13, 17-18, 22; 2.5 [1] - 3190:13 '70s [3] - 3023:3; 3045:15; 1800s [1] - 3084:24 2981:2; 2988:11; 2989:21; 20 [21] - 3019:12; 3049:10; 3190:3 1867 [2] - 3048:3, 9 2990:12; 2992:16; 2993:4; 3065:5; 3108:14; 3112:8; '80s [3] - 3053:9; 3242:14, 18 1869/'70 [1] - 3035:15 2994:1, 8; 3018:1; 3019:1; 3117:20; 3143:17; 3191:8; 1870 [2] - 3036:6; 3052:15 3020:8; 3055:21, 23; 3192:25; 3208:13; 1885 [1] - 3035:18 0 3060:16, 25; 3061:4; 3226:23; 3227:11; 3229:5, 19 [2] - 2976:10; 3221:5 3063:20; 3064:6; 3068:21; 9; 3232:25; 3262:9; 1900s [1] - 3084:25 0.2 [2] - 3210:23; 3211:1 3069:5; 3070:25; 3073:24; 3279:5; 3284:23; 3287:10; 1905 [1] - 3036:13 001-001J [1] - 2996:20 3074:1; 3076:1; 3077:18; 3318:13 1906 [1] - 3076:19 001-006A [2] - 3070:17, 20 3080:23; 3137:5; 3150:23; 20-30 [1] - 3233:11 1909 [2] - 2992:22; 2993:6 001-051E [1] - 3110:8 3203:5; 3257:13; 3294:17, 20.5 [1] - 3106:22 193 [1] - 2992:6 001-051F [1] - 3061:1 19; 3296:9; 3297:19; 2000 [2] - 2976:7 1930 [1] - 3021:4 001-051R [1] - 2998:5 3300:15 2001 [2] - 3237:11, 14 1930s [3] - 3010:6, 18; 001-061 [1] - 3070:18 1.0 [2] - 2983:7; 3107:21 2003 [4] - 3039:12; 3049:15; 3026:7 005-002 [1] - 3193:17 1.5 [2] - 3183:6, 9 3218:16 1933 [2] - 3027:18, 20 [17] 2004 [1] - 3053:18 005-020 [4] - 3123:20; 10 - 3019:13; 3071:2; 1935 [13] - 2988:23; 2989:4; 3203:7; 3264:10; 3279:4 3088:6; 3116:7, 9; 3117:3; 2005 [5] - 3105:15; 3163:2; 2998:9, 20; 3012:10, 18; 005-026 [4] - 2983:5; 3183:18, 21; 3203:7; 3218:15, 19; 3219:18 3023:23; 3024:4; 3029:20; 3093:21, 23; 3179:5 3286:10, 16; 3287:7, 9; 2006 [8] - 2985:16; 3154:16; 3301:19, 21; 3318:5, 9 3033:19; 3056:17; 3057:2; 3177:22; 3220:9; 3224:15; 010-004 [1] - 3026:23 3058:14 100 [6] - 3071:5; 3093:19; 3225:23; 3226:4, 8 010-004A [1] - 3059:23 1939 [1] - 3048:10 3187:13; 3218:1; 3276:25; 2007 [11] - 2996:19; 3001:2, 010-006 [4] - 2990:23; 1958 [1] - 3215:18 3009:21; 3020:9; 3026:24 3277:5 7, 18; 3061:9; 3071:8; 105 [1] - 3072:1 1970s [3] - 3007:10; 3028:20; 3109:19; 3212:9; 3220:14; 010-025 [1] - 3012:12 10:16 [1] - 3065:4 3190:3 3237:13; 3238:22 010-027 [3] - 2983:3; 1971 [1] - 3034:16 3087:22, 24 11 [3] - 3060:1; 3219:9, 11 2008 [12] - 2985:6; 2991:21; [1] 11th [1] - 3091:18 1976 - 3047:4 3042:3; 3058:15; 3156:10; 017-037 [4] - 2985:8; 1978 [1] - 3023:10 3167:9; 3177:11, 18; 3177:25; 3178:7, 15 12 [11] - 3100:10; 3154:11; 3207:11, 15-16; 3219:7; 1980s [2] - 3047:16; 3051:9 3219:3, 17, 25; 3222:2 017-039 [3] - 2983:6; 1981 [1] - 3046:20 2009 [6] - 3071:8; 3176:7; 3107:18, 20 3286:10, 16, 20; 3287:7 121 [1] - 3275:4 1982 [1] - 3034:21 3189:6; 3190:21, 25; 017-040 [3] - 2983:8; 3119:1, 1983 [2] - 3034:13, 19 3215:18 3 125 [3] - 2998:14; 3056:16; 3065:24 1987 [1] - 3001:11 2010 [17] - 2983:9; 2985:6; 017-041 [2] - 2983:10; 1992 [3] - 3047:17; 3048:24; 3109:18; 3119:4; 3143:19; 3152:25 126 [1] - 3001:8 12:00 [2] - 3104:20, 25 3129:13 3167:16; 3176:7; 3177:11, 017-042 [2] - 2983:11; 3153:6 12:10 [2] - 2982:5; 3120:19 1993 [2] - 3045:17; 3049:13 19; 3183:16; 3188:9; 017-043 [2] - 2983:13; 1994 [2] - 3029:18; 3076:15 3189:3; 3190:21, 25; 3162:17 12:15 [1] - 3104:25 1996 [1] - 3008:12 3221:12; 3222:24; 3225:17 017-044 [3] - 2983:15; 13 [5] - 2976:17; 3182:24; 1997 [1] - 3237:13 2010/055 [2] - 2983:22; 3172:3, 6 3183:5, 9 1998 [1] - 3053:18 3238:1 017-045 [3] - 2983:17; 135 [1] - 3065:24 1999 [1] - 3238:22 2011 [15] - 3140:22; 3142:21, 3201:12, 14 13th [1] - 3327:14 1:00 [2] - 3121:1, 3 23; 3157:23; 3158:23; 017-046 [3] - 2983:20; 14 [4] - 2976:16; 2980:3; 1:1 [2] - 3233:6; 3285:11 3180:8; 3182:20; 3199:23; 3222:10, 12 2987:1; 3144:16 1:10 [3] - 2982:5; 3120:16, 20 3220:23; 3221:5; 3237:14, 017-047 [3] - 2983:21; 14-jurisdiction [1] - 3161:15 1st [17] - 3027:20; 3059:19; 16; 3238:6; 3244:20 3237:23, 25 15 [6] - 3023:13; 3046:1;
Realtime Connection - the Realtime EXPERTS - [email protected] 2 Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion, Fort McKay, Alberta - Volume 13
2012 [28] - 2976:10, 16; 3284:24 42 [2] - 2986:3; 3261:4 3119:4; 3203:7; 3219:10, 2980:3; 2982:20; 2984:9; 3055 [1] - 2980:17 424 [6] - 2985:12; 3179:16; 12; 3262:3 2987:1; 2998:2; 3001:2, 3065 [1] - 2980:20 3187:25; 3192:3, 12; 7.1 [2] - 3208:16 18; 3060:25; 3061:21; 3073 [2] - 2980:21; 2981:2 3319:16 7.2 [2] - 3234:19; 3236:5 3064:1; 3110:8; 3138:16; 3087 [2] - 2981:5; 2983:3 425 [4] - 2985:12; 3191:14; 70 [2] - 3109:20; 3277:5 3158:22; 3163:6; 3169:25; 3088 [2] - 2981:6 3192:3, 12 74 [1] - 3323:20 3180:9; 3182:20; 3197:10; 3090 [1] - 2981:23 427 [7] - 2985:12; 3188:19; 75 [1] - 3009:24 3224:4; 3246:10; 3247:5; 3093 [1] - 2983:5 3191:14; 3192:4, 12; 77 [1] - 3264:10 3262:4; 3326:9; 3327:14 3095 [1] - 2981:24 3319:15; 3320:25 79(2 [4] - 3144:13, 22; 2013 [3] - 3042:21; 3157:12; 31 [1] - 3023:12 43 [2] - 2986:7; 3289:13 3145:12, 25 3160:20 3104 [1] - 2982:2 44 [1] - 3270:20 79-2 [1] - 3119:17 2014 [1] - 3160:20 3107 [1] - 2983:6 46 [3] - 3070:7; 3167:23; 7:46 [2] - 2982:19; 3326:7 2015 [2] - 3160:20; 3325:10 3119 [1] - 2983:8 3272:18 2016 [1] - 3160:20 3120 [2] - 2982:4, 6 48-page [2] - 3070:6, 8 8 2020 [5] - 3163:2, 8, 22, 25; 3123 [1] - 2982:7 3164:7 3152 [1] - 2983:10 5 8 [6] - 3138:11; 3275:2, 5; 2025 [2] - 3272:24; 3273:3 3153 [1] - 2983:11 3291:16; 3292:3; 3293:24 2041 [3] - 3106:3, 20; 3107:8 3162 [1] - 2983:13 5 [6] - 2998:3; 3062:25; 80 [1] - 3023:11 21 [1] - 3211:4 3172 [2] - 2982:9; 2983:15 3114:21; 3173:25; 81 [2] - 3212:20; 3239:9 22 [3] - 3127:3; 3234:18; 3177 [1] - 2985:4 3291:22; 3293:9 85 [1] - 3010:5 3236:4 3178 [1] - 2985:8 5,221 [1] - 3107:9 86 [1] - 3270:21 2207 [1] - 3117:19 3192 [1] - 2985:12 5-22 [1] - 3072:4 88 [1] - 3006:9 22nd [1] - 3121:22 3193 [1] - 2982:11 5-71 [1] - 3105:24 8:00 [1] - 3263:11 23 [4] - 2998:6; 3132:20; 32 [2] - 3142:8; 3323:19 5-74 [1] - 3106:16 8:30 [6] - 2980:4; 2982:20; 3190:14; 3208:15 3201 [1] - 2983:17 5-77 [1] - 3107:5 2331 [3] - 3001:7; 3006:3; 2987:2; 3193:8; 3326:5, 9 3222 [1] - 2983:20 3011:7 5.1 [1] - 3212:20 8th [1] - 3058:15 3226 [1] - 2985:16 50 [15] - 2985:6; 3036:8; 23rd [1] - 3121:22 3237 [1] - 2983:21 3143:10; 3176:6; 3177:10, 24 [1] - 3211:6 9 3238 [1] - 2984:3 18; 3183:7, 19; 3186:6, 15, 25 [6] - 3072:6; 3170:7, 20; 3248 [1] - 2984:5 3187:13; 3234:19; 3265:8 18; 3187:3, 10; 3216:24; 3256 [1] - 2985:18 3270:11 90 [2] - 2996:22; 3109:21 25.5 [1] - 3106:7 3261 [1] - 2986:3 50-year [1] - 3216:5 91-24 [3] - 3048:3, 9, 14 25.8 [1] - 3107:10 3262 [1] - 2984:8 51,244 [1] - 3207:25 92 [1] - 3070:22 26 [2] - 3060:2; 3306:14 3263 [1] - 2982:14 52 [3] - 2976:10; 3291:1, 19 94 [1] - 3291:18 27 [1] - 3307:15 3278 [1] - 2982:17 55 [1] - 3048:25 95 [1] - 3268:15 28th [2] - 3169:24; 3266:2 3289 [1] - 2986:7 59 [1] - 3311:2 97 [1] - 3008:18 2976 [1] - 2976:18 33 [1] - 3248:14 59540 [1] - 2976:5 98 [1] - 3008:18 2986 [1] - 2980:3 3326 [1] - 2982:19 5:08 [2] - 2982:15; 3263:7 99-year [1] - 3032:20 2988 [2] - 2980:5, 8 34 [3] - 3023:12; 3145:18; 5C5 [1] - 2976:25 2989 [1] - 2980:9 3251:16 A 2990 [1] - 2980:12 35 [9] - 3046:16-18; 3049:12; 6 2991 [1] - 2980:16 3076:9; 3188:23; 3264:9, 29th [1] - 3266:2 14; 3307:12 A.M [2] - 2980:4; 2982:20 a.m [3] - 2987:2; 3193:8; 2:1 [1] - 3285:21 35(2 [4] - 2986:8; 3288:20; 6 [4] - 3270:20; 3288:1, 6; 2:51 [1] - 3192:24 3289:8, 14 3292:9 3326:9 abandoned [1] - 3051:24 36 [1] - 3323:6 60 [1] - 3122:16 ability [16] - 3021:23; 3031:2; 3 36(3 [1] - 3321:10 61 [1] - 3070:21 3069:12; 3075:6; 3083:6, 37 [2] - 2985:4; 3177:15 62 [1] - 3239:16 14; 3095:17; 3141:23; 38 [2] - 2985:8; 3178:7 63 [1] - 2992:13 3 [7] - 2990:22; 3020:7, 10; 3228:9; 3236:2; 3241:15; 39 [4] - 2985:12; 3192:11; 66 [1] - 3023:15 3059:24; 3060:2, 22; 3256:7; 3281:3; 3286:22; 3212:19; 3213:18 662 [1] - 3009:21 3183:6 3287:6; 3327:11 68 [1] - 3306:15 3-23 [1] - 3110:9 able [61] - 2996:2, 8-9; 69 [1] - 3307:15 3.1.1.2 [1] - 2997:11 4 3007:9; 3010:9; 3011:21; 6:00 [3] - 2982:16; 3263:4, 8 3.2.2.1 [1] - 2996:22 3016:13; 3017:16; 6th [1] - 3219:3 3.3.2.3 [1] - 3008:17 4 [3] - 3113:9; 3114:7, 17 3047:20; 3054:18; 3.4.6 [1] - 3001:8 4,256 [1] - 3106:6 7 3059:16; 3070:5; 3074:16; 3.4.6.1 [2] - 3001:10; 3002:1 40 [6] - 2985:16; 3007:16; 3089:25; 3092:25; 30 [7] - 2998:2; 3227:11; 3112:9; 3143:10; 3226:8 3095:13; 3096:22; 3229:5, 9; 3232:25; 41 [2] - 2985:18; 3256:14 7 [8] - 2983:9; 2984:9; 3129:18; 3148:2; 3167:3;
Realtime Connection - the Realtime EXPERTS - [email protected] 3 Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion, Fort McKay, Alberta - Volume 13
3168:21; 3169:2, 5, 17; accommodated [4] - 3013:3; 16; 3306:12; 3307:10; 3064:19; 3066:14; 3174:22; 3175:4; 3176:4, 3049:2; 3081:12 3308:5, 21, 25; 3309:5, 10, 3069:16; 3090:19; 10; 3186:13; 3196:15, 25; accommodation [9] - 13, 18-20; 3310:2, 10, 18, 3100:18; 3103:19; 3245:5; 3199:8; 3200:21; 3201:21, 3037:12; 3038:10, 17-18; 24; 3321:11, 20, 22; 3260:7; 3263:14, 21, 25; 23; 3205:1; 3228:7; 3039:9, 21; 3041:9; 3322:5; 3323:7 3283:1; 3304:11 3233:2; 3235:9; 3267:18; 3051:6; 3280:16 act [2] - 3248:2; 3313:5 ADDRESSED [2] - 2985:21; 3268:23; 3273:18; 3274:8; accommodations [1] - ACT [5] - 2976:7, 10; 3256:19 3280:23; 3285:14, 25; 3122:10 2983:10; 3152:25 addressed [6] - 3059:13; 3286:8; 3287:5, 12; accompanying [1] - 3030:8 Act's [1] - 3115:11 3123:5; 3200:9; 3255:20; 3288:7; 3295:7, 14; accord [1] - 3048:23 Acting [1] - 3097:25 3263:17; 3282:24 3296:5; 3299:18; 3308:18; Accord [4] - 3047:22; action [4] - 3148:7; 3165:10; Addressing [3] - 3143:22; 3318:5; 3320:9, 11, 14; 3049:1, 5 3245:17; 3310:4 3144:2, 7 3321:13; 3323:8 accordance [2] - 3212:1; actions [5] - 3116:24; addressing [3] - 3080:8; Aboriginal [38] - 2991:19, 3321:24 3117:2; 3148:16, 19; 3115:3; 3163:14 22; 2993:15; 2994:9, 19; according [2] - 3128:24; 3165:15 adequacy [2] - 3095:8, 11 3001:9; 3021:23; 3028:19; 3129:1 active [3] - 3074:10; 3277:3; adequate [2] - 3204:10; 3034:15, 24; 3035:3; account [9] - 3077:4; 3080:7; 3314:7 3280:3 3042:13; 3045:15; 3081:25; 3217:6; 3252:13; actively [1] - 3312:16 adequately [1] - 3251:8 3046:25; 3048:10; 3049:4; 3271:18; 3291:9; 3308:3 activities [3] - 2997:23; adhered [1] - 3310:14 3075:19; 3076:18; 3094:9; accumulates [1] - 3184:2 3167:25; 3251:23 adjourned [3] - 3120:19; 3095:1, 13, 15-16; accuracy [1] - 3268:17 activity [3] - 3079:3; 3263:7; 3326:7 3200:19; 3236:13; ACCURATE [2] - 2985:10; 3276:25; 3277:20 ADJOURNED [3] - 2982:5, 3255:19; 3287:19; 3312:1, 3178:10 actual [14] - 3033:13; 3051:7; 15, 19 5, 15, 18, 25; 3313:8; accurate [9] - 3140:17; 3071:20; 3112:5; 3140:23; adjournment [5] - 3065:7; 3314:15, 19, 24; 3315:6 3178:4, 15; 3180:22; 3148:16; 3152:16; 3088:9; 3120:18; 3193:3; abridge [1] - 3090:14 3205:11; 3223:1; 3228:18; 3153:19; 3216:13; 3263:6 absence [1] - 3094:13 3245:24; 3318:12 3230:18; 3249:22; 3299:3; ADJOURNMENT [5] - absolutely [4] - 2987:22; accurately [1] - 3002:10 3310:1; 3316:11 2980:20; 2981:6; 2982:4, 3201:9; 3316:17; 3321:17 ACFN [18] - 2998:17; Adams [1] - 2977:7 11, 14 ABSTRACT [2] - 2985:14; 3001:14; 3021:22; 3068:8, adaptive [22] - 3149:20; adjustments [1] - 3316:23 3192:15 10, 14, 16; 3074:21; 3249:5, 12-13, 18; 3250:1, administers [1] - 3321:10 Abstract [2] - 3091:20; 3279:8, 12, 20; 3280:17; 4, 17; 3251:12; 3304:11, administrative [2] - 3080:22 3092:22 3281:2; 3282:16; 3283:2; 17; 3305:3; 3314:14; administrator [1] - 3019:8 abstract [25] - 3091:7, 23; 3285:6, 24; 3287:12 3315:21; 3316:18, 20; administrators [1] - 3018:20 3092:4; 3179:4, 16; ACFN's [8] - 2999:5; 3317:1, 6, 11, 14, 20; admit [1] - 3044:20 3181:1, 4, 10; 3182:14, 22; 3000:24; 3280:3, 7; 3325:11 Adobe [2] - 3059:24; 3072:1 3187:9, 24; 3188:4, 19, 22; 3281:20; 3283:22; adaptively [2] - 3205:14, 16 adopt [2] - 3113:15; 3130:10 3191:14; 3192:7; 3318:24; 3306:24; 3307:3 add [8] - 3085:25; 3111:4; adopted [4] - 3078:12; 3319:4, 15-16; 3320:16, achieve [2] - 3316:23, 25 3121:11; 3161:17; 3082:13; 3095:19; 3118:15 25; 3321:14 acid [1] - 3160:9 3202:13; 3259:21; 3260:2; advance [4] - 3066:22; abstracts [8] - 3092:5, 16; acids [10] - 3157:20; 3158:7, 3281:4 3094:16; 3095:17; 3162:5 3093:13; 3320:7, 19, 22; 14, 18; 3159:4, 6, 9; adding [1] - 3001:25 advantage [1] - 3012:8 3322:9 3160:5, 13; 3161:5 addition [8] - 2992:18; adverse [8] - 3113:5, 7; academic [5] - 2991:18; acknowledge [4] - 3168:12; 2993:11; 2994:1; 2997:11; 3114:4; 3140:6; 3142:15; 2993:13, 17; 3251:22; 3285:11; 3312:24 3006:1; 3128:6; 3251:19; 3144:24; 3145:10; 3205:8 3252:19 acknowledged [4] - 3115:23; 3315:14 advice [7] - 3038:20; academic-based [2] - 3124:7; 3164:2; 3315:6 additional [25] - 3002:10; 3100:14; 3173:1, 10, 12; 3251:22; 3252:19 acknowledging [3] - 3040:8; 3006:3; 3068:17; 3098:4; 3235:20; 3256:8 academics [1] - 3230:24 3313:23; 3314:9 3113:19; 3132:24; ADVISE [6] - 2985:22; accept [2] - 3131:4; 3244:17 acknowledgment [1] - 3133:14; 3140:22; 2986:3, 7; 3256:19; acceptable [2] - 3267:25; 3033:13 3148:25; 3156:17, 25; 3261:5; 3289:13 3268:1 acquisition [1] - 3250:3 3169:19; 3174:6; 3181:13, advise [4] - 3103:16; 3228:6; accepted [4] - 3012:16; acre [1] - 3032:19 17; 3198:9; 3202:12; 3255:21; 3260:23 3241:25; 3247:24; 3248:25 Act [58] - 3034:21; 3048:3, 3205:2; 3208:17, 19; advised [4] - 3065:13, 16; access [12] - 3015:19; 7-8; 3084:17; 3113:1, 9; 3264:19; 3293:11, 21; 3066:3; 3175:5 3063:2; 3228:7; 3230:23; 3114:1, 7-8, 18-19, 25; 3307:20; 3308:3 advising [1] - 2987:9 3279:12, 21; 3280:14, 21; additionally [5] - 2999:18; 3115:2, 4, 7; 3132:2, 6, 9, advisories [1] - 3235:21 3283:6, 12; 3286:8 3005:13; 3012:9; 3024:15; 13; 3141:21; 3143:22, 24; advisors [1] - 3033:15 accessible [1] - 3280:19 3025:24 3144:1, 4, 7, 9; 3146:23, ADVISORY [4] - 2983:21; accident [1] - 3322:17 25; 3209:25; 3288:1, 12, address [14] - 3050:1; 2984:5; 3237:25; 3248:8
Realtime Connection - the Realtime EXPERTS - [email protected] 4 Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion, Fort McKay, Alberta - Volume 13
Advisory [5] - 3222:17; agreed [8] - 3039:17; 3243:9; 3245:13; 3246:9; Analysis [2] - 3021:2; 3223:7; 3243:17; 3244:14; 3042:18; 3045:21; 3247:1; 3253:8; 3254:18; 3145:19 3247:16 3046:24; 3047:9; 3223:9, 3255:11; 3256:4; 3288:5; analysis [17] - 2999:13; AENV [3] - 3154:21; 3155:18; 22 3314:17; 3327:5 3001:4; 3038:23; 3112:2; 3156:4 agreement [17] - 2988:19; ALBERTA [16] - 2976:2, 11; 3128:20, 24; 3129:1; aerial [1] - 3176:7 2989:5, 7; 3038:1; 2980:5, 9, 12, 17, 21; 3137:7; 3142:20, 25; aerosol [1] - 3184:9 3039:14; 3040:6, 15, 21; 2981:2; 2985:20; 2988:11; 3143:3; 3182:21; 3194:21; affair [1] - 3123:3 3044:11; 3051:4, 7; 2989:20; 2990:12; 3199:4; 3258:5, 23 Affairs [1] - 3042:14 3068:7; 3121:16; 3161:16; 3055:21; 3073:24; 3256:16 analyst [4] - 3100:1, 5; affect [9] - 3078:9; 3208:22; 3223:12, 15 Alberta's [4] - 3049:3; 3102:22, 25 3209:3, 12; 3211:16; Agreement [1] - 3084:20 3059:19; 3147:24; 3148:3 analytical [1] - 3158:14 3221:17; 3242:5 agreements [9] - 2989:1; Albian [2] - 2989:6; 3154:15 analyze [3] - 3181:16; affected [14] - 3078:2, 23; 3039:23; 3068:19, 22; Alex [1] - 2977:4 3194:20; 3240:9 3079:4, 7; 3080:1; 3083:2, 3082:17; 3288:2, 4, 11, 17 alive [2] - 3007:7, 24 analyzed [4] - 3143:14; 9; 3126:20; 3140:2, 17; agrees [1] - 3255:22 all-encompassing [1] - 3182:3, 16; 3259:2 3171:6; 3240:4; 3298:21; AGREES [2] - 2985:22; 3313:18 analyzing [1] - 3190:8 3307:22 3256:20 allow [2] - 3088:2; 3249:5 AND [56] - 2976:3, 5-6, 8-9, affecting [2] - 3014:17; Agricultural [1] - 3027:19 allowance [12] - 3133:24; 11; 2980:5, 9-10, 12, 3126:24 Aguas [1] - 2977:14 3134:5, 25; 3135:11; 17-18, 22; 2981:3, 8; Affidavit [1] - 3010:13 ahead [8] - 2988:9; 3007:8; 3137:9; 3138:1, 6, 12; 2983:10, 17-18; 2984:9; AFFIRMED [6] - 2980:14; 3014:2; 3067:11; 3089:19; 3150:12; 3152:5; 3301:5 2985:6, 11-12, 20; 2986:5; 2981:7; 2990:15; 3088:12 3119:21; 3165:3; 3283:5 Allowance [1] - 3138:11 2988:11-13; 2989:21; affirmed [1] - 3129:24 ahold [1] - 3084:3 Allowances [1] - 3152:14 2990:12; 3055:22; affirming [1] - 3089:21 aid [1] - 3169:21 allowances [10] - 3133:21; 3073:25; 3088:14; 3153:1; afford [2] - 3269:24; 3281:7 aide [2] - 3118:18; 3290:10 3134:8, 11, 14; 3138:22; 3177:18; 3178:11; afforded [2] - 3076:9; aide-memoire [2] - 3118:18; 3149:6; 3150:7; 3151:6; 3192:12; 3201:14, 16; 3146:22 3290:10 3300:22; 3301:1 3256:16; 3261:8; 3262:4 afield [1] - 3290:14 aids [1] - 3118:24 ALLOWANCES [2] - AND/OR [2] - 2981:7; afraid [4] - 3108:19; 3165:4; ain't [1] - 3047:12 2983:12; 3153:7 3088:11 3175:24; 3176:9 air [13] - 3099:19, 23; 3100:1, allows [1] - 3316:20 animals [3] - 3010:23; Afshan [1] - 2977:19 5, 7; 3174:21; 3176:20; alluded [1] - 3024:3 3015:18; 3062:19 AFTERNOON [1] - 2982:11 3177:3, 5; 3185:8; almost [3] - 3049:10; 3055:9; Ann [1] - 3058:20 afternoon [7] - 3120:23; 3270:19; 3312:19 3270:3 ann [1] - 3058:21 3121:13; 3172:11; 3193:3; Air [2] - 3079:11; 3099:21 alphabetical [1] - 2978:5 Anna [2] - 2978:15; 2979:11 3212:23; 3234:2 airborne [1] - 3177:8 Altalink [1] - 2992:17 Anne [1] - 3058:18 afterwards [1] - 3127:4 AIRBORNE [2] - 2985:4; alteration [2] - 3207:25; annotated [1] - 3008:17 agency [2] - 3288:23; 3289:9 3177:16 3209:20 annual [1] - 3085:10 AGENCY [5] - 2976:5; al [2] - 3109:18; 3189:1 alterations [1] - 3236:22 ANOTHER [2] - 2986:9; 2977:6; 2986:9; 3289:16 Alberta [92] - 2976:24; alternative [1] - 3206:16 3289:15 Agency [2] - 3289:20; 3290:2 2978:18, 24; 2987:11, 21; Amanda [2] - 2977:12; answer [42] - 3008:9; 3017:5; ago [10] - 3033:25; 3035:7; 2991:17, 23; 2992:15; 3089:23 3019:8; 3076:11; 3078:4; 3038:14; 3041:11; 2993:4, 24; 2994:8, 18, 22; ambient [3] - 3273:23; 3090:11; 3093:1; 3094:5; 3042:23; 3081:17; 3007:12; 3012:17; 3021:4, 3274:3, 9 3095:1, 9; 3097:12, 20; 3082:20; 3122:25; 9, 24; 3027:18; 3030:13, amended [1] - 3260:14 3098:2, 11, 21; 3099:2, 7, 3130:16; 3309:4 23; 3036:14, 19; 3037:8, amendment [1] - 3048:2 16, 22; 3100:2, 6; 3101:12; agree [47] - 2999:5; 3046:7; 11, 14-16; 3038:4, 16, 19, Amiot [1] - 3001:9 3103:2; 3114:15; 3125:24; 3063:10; 3075:18; 24-25; 3041:25; 3043:8, amount [16] - 3031:11; 3131:4, 18; 3135:16; 3112:15, 18, 23-24; 22; 3045:8; 3051:1; 3108:25; 3119:11; 3120:1; 3142:6; 3175:20; 3177:1; 3115:7; 3117:1, 21; 3060:16; 3069:4; 3076:2, 3143:13; 3164:24; 3194:24; 3231:12; 3244:1; 3118:3; 3119:7; 3126:3, 9; 22, 24; 3078:16; 3079:12; 3165:25; 3166:17; 3245:22; 3253:16; 3280:9, 3134:6, 15, 18; 3135:5; 3080:5, 20; 3081:15, 20; 3168:22; 3177:22; 3190:7, 23; 3285:9; 3287:13; 3136:25; 3137:12, 17, 21; 3082:14; 3083:1, 17; 10; 3229:1; 3230:15; 3300:6; 3315:2 3147:23; 3164:5; 3165:13; 3098:13; 3099:17, 24; 3232:11 answered [2] - 3234:21; 3168:24; 3171:8, 17; 3102:3, 16; 3126:18; amounts [1] - 3068:14 3277:24 3183:13; 3191:1; 3207:21; 3146:17; 3147:6, 9, 20; amplitude [1] - 3116:21 answering [5] - 3075:17; 3213:1; 3214:4; 3215:14; 3148:1, 8, 13, 22; 3149:1; AN [4] - 2984:6; 2985:17; 3111:3; 3129:16; 3139:22; 3216:3, 7; 3217:16; 3154:21; 3157:2; 3162:5, 3226:10; 3248:9 3214:6 3219:24; 3226:12; 8; 3171:14, 19; 3174:24; analogy [1] - 3084:2 answers [1] - 3216:20 3241:22, 24; 3243:10; 3180:1; 3206:11; 3220:21; analyses [2] - 3142:12; anticipate [2] - 3167:4; 3249:10; 3252:13, 20 3237:8; 3241:14; 3242:10; 3268:4 3325:12
Realtime Connection - the Realtime EXPERTS - [email protected] 5 Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion, Fort McKay, Alberta - Volume 13
anticipated [2] - 3205:20; approve [2] - 3261:20; 3083:3 3143:5; 3168:18; 3176:24; 3231:9 3291:1 argue [1] - 2995:10 3203:25; 3205:21; anticipation [1] - 3200:17 approved [5] - 3060:18; argues [1] - 2997:12 3206:23; 3217:24; 3218:9; Antoine [1] - 3003:11 3061:21; 3069:9; 3196:23; argument [6] - 3121:7, 24; 3237:12; 3238:21; Anuik [1] - 3024:21 3246:10 3122:8, 17; 3123:2; 3193:7 3239:23; 3241:22; anyway [7] - 3019:24; approving [1] - 3230:3 Argyll [1] - 3193:9 3243:15; 3246:19; 3272:5; 3047:13; 3050:8, 18; approximate [1] - 3019:13 arise [2] - 3093:6, 10 3312:21; 3320:11, 15 3189:9; 3239:6; 3248:3 April [1] - 3027:20 arising [2] - 2989:15; ASSESSMENT [3] - 2976:5, anyways [1] - 3015:9 aquatic [13] - 3098:12; 3172:18 10; 2977:6 Anzac [2] - 3015:12; 3023:13 3099:10; 3158:17; AROMATIC [2] - 2983:17; Assessment [28] - 2995:8; AOSERP [2] - 3023:2 3210:21, 25; 3234:5, 14; 3201:15 3006:2; 3097:11, 19; apologies [1] - 3219:14 3240:7, 23; 3282:7; Aromatic [3] - 3187:20; 3101:2, 6; 3108:19; apologize [3] - 2994:25; 3302:14, 19; 3303:9 3199:21; 3271:21 3112:19; 3113:1; 3114:18; 3027:2, 17 AR6 [1] - 3186:10 arose [1] - 3284:11 3136:15; 3143:24; 3144:4, appear [4] - 3182:22; 3202:5; Archival [1] - 3029:5 arranged [1] - 3121:10 9; 3182:6; 3194:8; 3196:8; 3248:23; 3252:10 Archives [2] - 3002:11; arrived [1] - 3193:21 3205:11; 3213:13; 3215:5; APPEARANCES [1] - 2977:1 3030:23 ARSENIC [4] - 2985:6, 11; 3234:11; 3267:6; 3275:10; 3298:18; 3308:25; appearing [1] - 3098:8 archives [2] - 3030:13, 25 3177:19; 3178:11 3310:18, 24 Appendix [2] - 2998:3; arctic [3] - 3243:3, 5, 8 arsenic [5] - 3176:5; 3060:25 ARE [2] - 2985:10; 3178:10 3177:12; 3178:18; 3183:2 Assessment" [1] - 2998:4 Assessments [4] - 2994:12; applicable [2] - 3041:12; area [75] - 2991:2; 2992:24; artefacts [1] - 3002:3 3001:2; 3015:8; 3196:3 3253:1 2995:14; 2998:11; article [4] - 2993:23; assessments [10] - 2999:7; APPLICANT [1] - 2978:1 3001:20; 3002:17; 3004:4, 3091:10; 3290:8; 3291:11 3113:1, 22; 3114:1, 3, 9; application [1] - 3101:8 15; 3007:5, 15, 23; 3008:1, articles [2] - 2993:14; 3136:14; 3146:2; 3177:5; Application [3] - 3056:3; 7; 3009:18; 3010:4, 18; 3109:17 3195:10 3142:23; 3234:11 3011:9, 16, 19, 24; 3013:7, artifical [1] - 3076:20 assist [6] - 3048:15; 3097:3; APPLICATION [1] - 2976:4 10, 23; 3015:5-7, 24; artificial [2] - 3022:13; 3118:19; 3149:23; applied [5] - 3126:2; 3029:3, 9, 22-23; 3030:19; 3036:15 3173:18; 3177:24 3275:24; 3298:12; 3300:3; 3031:22; 3032:20; Arts [1] - 2991:14 assistance [3] - 3090:10; 3309:22 3035:19; 3040:20, 22; ascertaining [1] - 3197:17 3175:18; 3268:2 applies [2] - 3305:5; 3310:3 3045:9; 3058:4; 3061:7; aside [2] - 3000:7; 3134:4 assisted [1] - 3102:25 apply [10] - 3113:4; 3157:9; 3062:9; 3076:2; 3077:12; aspect [10] - 3041:23; 3214:12; 3304:10; 3305:8; 3079:8, 14, 22; 3102:4; 3043:14; 3044:17; associated [10] - 3091:20; 3308:22; 3309:5, 10, 13, 3111:22; 3126:11; 3050:11; 3135:19; 3270:1; 3204:12, 22-23; 3216:7, 24 3127:22; 3128:4; 3134:4; 3299:4; 3309:1 10; 3219:21; 3227:3; 3229:3; 3271:8 appointed [1] - 3247:16 3150:20; 3163:12; 3171:6; aspects [7] - 3045:14; Association [2] - 2978:12; appreciate [5] - 2990:9; 3175:3, 7; 3176:16; 3098:12; 3099:3, 16; 3253:7 3055:8, 10; 3313:15; 3177:2; 3191:4; 3195:3; 3174:16; 3296:23; 3303:13 3198:18; 3231:21; association [1] - 3035:3 3319:3 assemble [1] - 3088:2 3234:12; 3241:20; ASSOCIATION [4] - 2984:8; approach [18] - 2999:6; assembled [3] - 3089:22; 3002:20; 3021:24; 3053:5; 3242:23; 3290:4; 3301:16; 3090:11, 17 2985:19; 3256:15; 3262:2 3302:24; 3323:4; 3325:3 assume [7] - 3076:1; 3078:6, 3161:3, 11; 3189:9; assembling [1] - 3101:7 Area [19] - 2994:14; 2997:22; 20; 3079:16; 3244:7; 3210:4; 3213:1; 3214:13; Assembly [1] - 3040:11 2998:21; 2999:16, 22; 3267:1; 3322:20 3223:24; 3268:21; assert [2] - 3001:15; 3076:8 3001:6; 3006:21; 3031:19; assumed [1] - 3264:17 3269:11; 3287:14; 3305:4; assertions [1] - 3252:3 3058:1; 3126:5, 8; 3136:6, assumes [1] - 2998:15 3325:11 assess [9] - 3093:9; 3095:7; 8; 3143:14; 3171:22 assuming [7] - 3041:22; approaches [2] - 3213:7; 3158:13; 3228:9; 3234:6; areas [31] - 2996:25; 2997:1; 3114:25; 3178:22; 3248:23 3260:8; 3265:24; 3287:5; 3004:18, 24; 3005:1; 3193:13; 3232:24; approaching [1] - 3206:17 3319:20 3013:23; 3015:19; 3316:18; 3317:24 appropriate [18] - 2997:20; assessed [2] - 3114:22; 3021:25; 3027:12; 3031:6; assumption [2] - 3215:21; 3104:21; 3113:4; 3135:11; 3203:14 3074:8; 3079:18; 3090:17; 3216:1 3137:13, 16, 18; 3154:25; assessing [7] - 3108:10; 3105:8; 3155:1; 3157:9; assumptions [11] - 3213:21; 3155:23; 3204:15; 3113:24; 3119:9; 3213:1; 3171:10; 3172:13; 3173:2, 3265:1; 3269:21; 3271:7, 3206:12; 3240:14; 3215:23; 3236:10; 3240:2 17; 3187:12, 17; 3210:10; 11, 14, 17, 19; 3272:4; 3254:21; 3256:5; 3301:6; Assessing [1] - 3238:9 3213:4; 3236:19; 3239:25; 3273:12; 3316:14 3305:5, 22 ASSESSING [2] - 2984:3; 3279:13; 3280:14, 21 assurance [2] - 3257:19; appropriately [1] - 3240:9 3238:15 Areas [3] - 2997:7, 20; 3258:14 approval [4] - 3206:7; assessment [26] - 2998:15; 3063:6 assure [1] - 3254:21 3209:18; 3292:22; 3294:1 3095:10; 3102:22, 25; arguably [2] - 3077:10; assured [1] - 3166:22 approvals [1] - 3260:14 3109:9, 11; 3112:19, 25;
Realtime Connection - the Realtime EXPERTS - [email protected] 6 Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion, Fort McKay, Alberta - Volume 13
AT [9] - 2976:15; 2982:5, 3288:22 B 2993:21, 25; 3023:11-13; 15-16, 19-20; 2983:10; authorization [3] - 3209:25; 3040:16; 3041:1; 3061:21; 3152:25 3288:20; 3289:8 3137:5; 3169:14; 3182:14, Athabasca [44] - 2978:7; AUTHORIZATION [2] - B.C [2] - 3042:14; 3171:10 19; 3190:7; 3212:12; 2993:3; 2994:2; 2997:4; 2986:8; 3289:14 BA [1] - 2991:12 3225:5; 3227:8; 3232:8; 3011:25; 3022:5; 3023:3; authors [2] - 3178:24; BACK [2] - 2985:16; 3226:8 3251:22; 3252:19; 3030:6; 3060:15; 3061:17; 3192:6 background [4] - 2995:22; 3266:24; 3267:17; 3271:3, 3186:11; 3188:7; 3199:22; AUTHORS [2] - 2985:14; 3006:23; 3091:4; 3157:22 7; 3272:3, 22; 3275:21; 3201:1, 3; 3202:8; 3192:14 backwards [1] - 3175:17 3276:1, 9, 19; 3293:23 3203:20; 3204:6, 24; automatically [1] - 3147:15 bacterial [2] - 3276:25; based) [1] - 3251:4 3208:21; 3210:16; 3213:2, availability [4] - 3181:16; 3277:20 baseline [10] - 3008:14; 5; 3214:13; 3215:13, 15; 3208:23; 3263:18; 3273:14 bad [3] - 3010:7; 3278:15, 17 3240:5; 3241:4; 3242:3, 3219:22; 3220:4; 3223:5; available [52] - 2995:21; Baird [1] - 3247:23 17, 21; 3243:8, 13; 3245:7; 3225:11; 3232:2, 17; 2998:15; 3007:1; 3013:24; balance [1] - 3313:8 3286:11 3234:5; 3278:11; 3281:25; 3015:3; 3020:21; 3021:8; balanced [1] - 3248:24 baselines [2] - 3241:11; 3282:5; 3283:25; 3287:17; 3028:17; 3030:13; balancing [1] - 3313:5 3242:7 3288:6; 3300:25 3031:13; 3033:9; 3091:7; Balazs [2] - 3020:25; Basin [4] - 3008:13, 19; ATHABASCA [8] - 2982:17; 3094:2; 3098:7; 3101:18, 3021:15 3028:5; 3204:5 2983:18, 23; 3201:16; 23; 3102:6; 3135:14; Ball [2] - 3100:21; 3101:1 basis [8] - 2997:21; 3044:9; 3238:2; 3278:5 3137:8; 3139:24; 3151:22; BALL [4] - 2981:19; 3089:10; 3046:14; 3073:7; 3077:17; atmosphere [3] - 3184:8, 23; 3153:17, 20; 3173:22; 3100:23; 3103:25 3123:1; 3212:8; 3320:7 3185:3 3179:24; 3181:20; ball [1] - 3103:22 Batoche [1] - 3035:19 Atmospheric [1] - 3179:25 3191:12; 3192:2, 7; ballot [1] - 3085:16 Bay [3] - 3035:16; 3079:14 attached [3] - 3168:16; 3199:2, 10; 3200:16; ballot-box [1] - 3085:16 BE [4] - 2985:14; 2986:9; 3294:9; 3317:18 3201:24; 3202:22; ballpark [2] - 3160:16, 18 3192:14; 3289:15 attain [1] - 3268:13 3233:14; 3252:25; 3254:9; band [1] - 3084:15 Beach [1] - 3091:19 attempt [3] - 2993:12; 3257:9; 3258:11, 22; Band [1] - 2978:17 bear [3] - 3059:20; 3070:23; 3223:10; 3266:18 3267:19; 3269:1; 3272:13; BAOLIN [2] - 2981:20; 3106:23 attempts [1] - 3205:3 3280:19; 3295:10; 3089:13 bearing [2] - 3080:24; attend [1] - 3121:21 3299:18; 3315:16; 3316:1; Baraniecki [9] - 3096:9, 13; 3320:14 attendance [1] - 3072:14 3317:25; 3318:4, 18; 3104:1; 3131:4; 3172:19; Beauval [2] - 3079:16, 22 attended [1] - 3014:23 3324:1 3174:14; 3199:17; Beaver [2] - 3012:3 attending [1] - 3198:3 AVAILABLE [2] - 2985:14; 3255:22; 3291:21 beaver [1] - 3012:5 attention [2] - 3146:3; 3192:14 BARANIECKI [37] - 2981:11; became [3] - 3003:17; 3306:14 avian [3] - 3306:22; 3307:1, 3 3088:20; 3096:11; 3104:4; 3015:14; 3036:16 ATTORNEY [13] - 2981:7, 24; avoid [23] - 3119:18; 3120:9; 3110:10; 3114:6; 3129:20; become [8] - 3007:19; 2982:2, 7, 9, 12, 17; 3133:12; 3134:16; 3133:22; 3134:24; 3137:3; 3011:17; 3013:23; 3088:11; 3095:24; 3144:24; 3145:13; 3150:5, 3142:1; 3149:16; 3150:21; 3024:19; 3217:14; 3233:8; 3104:13; 3123:15; 3172:9; 9, 17-18; 3151:13; 3157:8; 3153:10; 3157:21; 3163:5; 3270:6; 3294:1 3278:4 3205:8; 3294:25; 3295:10; 3167:21; 3170:2; 3172:25; becomes [1] - 3299:17 Attorney [2] - 2978:8, 23 3296:12, 17; 3297:5; 3174:19; 3179:6; 3193:18; beforehand [1] - 3118:12 attributed [1] - 3205:22 3302:14, 19; 3303:8, 20; 3194:6; 3200:2; 3201:22; beg [1] - 3123:13 audience [1] - 3027:4 3306:2 3244:21; 3247:22; 3253:5; began [3] - 3158:17; audit [2] - 3239:2, 14 avoidance [6] - 3069:15; 3255:24; 3259:20; 3220:14; 3246:11 audited [1] - 3237:11 3133:16; 3134:10, 13; 3261:11; 3291:20; 3301:2; begin [3] - 3158:18; 3197:10; AUDITOR [2] - 2983:20; 3149:12; 3151:3 3302:21; 3305:13; 3308:4; 3325:6 3222:12 avoided [2] - 3113:2; 3136:4 3321:17 beginning [3] - 3044:15; Auditor [7] - 3218:25; avoiding [1] - 3296:23 Barb [8] - 3001:20; 3002:5; 3046:9; 3121:21 3219:2; 3222:2; 3224:13; aware [32] - 3008:6; 3015:4; 3003:1; 3004:5, 16; begins [1] - 3257:14 3237:10; 3238:11; 3239:3 3033:6; 3056:22; 3057:2; 3005:3, 13 begun [1] - 3325:7 3058:13, 24; 3059:6; Auditor's [1] - 3241:6 barrel [1] - 3274:18 behalf [7] - 2979:5, 10-11; August [2] - 3219:1, 3 3064:22; 3139:25; Barrie [1] - 3098:24 3066:16; 3174:9; 3246:14 3140:10; 3193:19, 22-23; auspices [1] - 3246:13 BARRIE [2] - 2981:12; behind [5] - 3084:19; 3099:5; 3197:24; 3227:2; 3228:4; Austin [1] - 2977:21 3088:22 3101:20; 3102:1, 23 3273:1, 4; 3279:8, 11; author [2] - 3033:14; Barter [1] - 2977:13 BEING [2] - 2986:6; 3261:9 3282:15; 3288:10, 19; 3180:15 base [4] - 3037:5, 20; believes [4] - 3070:12; 3289:2; 3298:8, 14, 17; authoritative [1] - 3258:2 3046:15; 3051:10 3203:22; 3254:4 3299:1; 3306:24; 3322:12 authoritatively [1] - 3258:15 Base [3] - 3223:3; 3224:5; below [14] - 3058:3; 3108:14; awareness [1] - 3180:18 authorities [1] - 3240:8 3225:9 3116:7, 9; 3117:2; 3143:6, awkward [1] - 3166:10 authority [2] - 3048:6; based [32] - 2991:18; 11; 3163:2; 3223:5, 13, 17;
Realtime Connection - the Realtime EXPERTS - [email protected] 7 Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion, Fort McKay, Alberta - Volume 13
3320:19, 24; 3321:1 20 bitumen [4] - 3072:25; 3080:23 Bench [1] - 3076:16 BICKERTON [2] - 2981:17; 3141:9; 3188:24; 3295:12 boundary [5] - 3036:11; Benchmarks [2] - 3099:8 3089:7 black [3] - 3106:23; 3128:25; 3076:20; 3077:1; 3080:24; beneath [1] - 3018:9 Biem [4] - 2978:7; 3262:24; 3129:10 3143:6 benefit [4] - 3040:6; 3055:2; 3278:13; 3325:23 Black [3] - 2977:12; 3089:24; bounds [2] - 3116:17; 3274:5; 3295:23 big [5] - 3053:14; 3054:22; 3125:20 3269:21 benefited [1] - 3100:10 3070:25; 3204:19; 3246:3 Black-throated [1] - 3125:20 box [1] - 3085:16 benefits [1] - 3069:14 bigger [1] - 3232:17 block [1] - 3079:18 boxes [1] - 3053:19 BENNETT [2] - 2981:12; biggest [1] - 3021:17 blocking [1] - 3063:2 Boychuk [1] - 2977:16 3088:21 bill [2] - 3024:3; 3214:7 BOARD [6] - 2976:4, 11; Break [1] - 3301:23 Bennett [2] - 3098:6; Bill [2] - 3072:13; 3214:23 2977:9; 2980:23; 2981:4; break [15] - 3059:17; 3065:1, 3129:15 BILL [2] - 2980:6; 2988:13 3074:1 13; 3104:22, 24; 3111:11; benthic [1] - 3215:4 binder [1] - 3023:7 Board [6] - 2977:10; 3037:3; 3115:16; 3120:14; 3121:2; berries [1] - 3015:18 binders [1] - 3019:20 3173:18; 3179:10 3192:18, 22; 3262:11; Berryman [2] - 3102:24; binding [1] - 3308:2 bodied [5] - 3227:17; 3301:18 3228:19 bio [1] - 3184:1 3229:15; 3284:17; 3286:5 breaks [1] - 3121:3 BERRYMAN [3] - 2981:10; bioassays [2] - 3160:7; bodies [5] - 3036:23; 3039:5; breeding [1] - 3126:21 3088:17; 3228:23 3161:5 3047:2; 3083:11 breeds [1] - 3027:23 berryman [1] - 3102:24 biodiversity [9] - 3097:15; body [11] - 3034:10; 3039:3; brevity [1] - 3179:16 Bertolin [1] - 2978:18 3128:13, 18, 21; 3129:2, 7, 3047:2; 3049:24; 3050:10, Brian [2] - 3102:11, 14 beside [2] - 3079:13, 17 12; 3136:8; 3325:2 12; 3082:19; 3085:7; BRIAN [2] - 2981:9; 3088:15 best [24] - 2994:10; 3016:18; Biodiversity [1] - 3097:16 3173:13; 3195:23; 3229:22 brief [6] - 2995:5; 3069:25; 3018:6; 3052:2; 3055:5; Biological [2] - 3129:14; boilers [1] - 3184:13 3088:9; 3092:7; 3115:15; 3070:5; 3072:18; 3083:21; 3132:4 Bolton [2] - 2977:4; 3103:7 3172:19 3093:9; 3116:17; 3121:5; biological [5] - 3130:1; bombing [1] - 3079:13 Brief [1] - 3301:23 3132:18; 3178:23; 3132:15; 3213:16; 3215:2 BONSAL [8] - 2981:12; BRIEF [1] - 2981:6 3181:19; 3199:5; 3252:24; Birchall [1] - 2977:7 3088:22; 3170:10; briefed [2] - 3288:8; 3289:3 3256:7; 3267:14; 3296:5; Bird [1] - 3199:22 3212:22; 3214:17, 21; briefly [4] - 3033:3; 3087:9; 3315:16; 3316:1; 3317:25; bird [7] - 3124:2; 3128:14; 3215:16; 3264:12 3120:24; 3243:24 3318:4; 3327:11 3139:21; 3201:1; 3295:1; Bonsal [4] - 3098:25; 3099:2; bring [8] - 3022:1; 3046:4; bet [1] - 3270:10 3296:14; 3306:3 3212:20; 3264:11 3050:2; 3070:18; 3083:3; better [16] - 2992:19; 3013:2; birds [28] - 3062:16; bonus [1] - 3287:22 3246:16; 3295:22; 3296:1 3022:4, 11; 3024:18; 3097:13, 21; 3114:23; Book [2] - 3091:20; 3092:23 brink [2] - 3114:12; 3115:9 3030:5; 3166:10; 3189:21; 3124:16; 3133:3, 10; BOOK [2] - 2983:5; 3093:23 Britain [1] - 3034:20 3205:13; 3244:1; 3267:3; 3139:17; 3140:1, 5, 11, 16, book [10] - 2992:3; 3011:9; British [6] - 3036:22; 3268:14; 3269:11; 19, 24; 3141:9, 19, 24; 3027:10; 3033:12; 3041:15, 17; 3042:1; 3279:19; 3316:5 3142:16; 3202:7; 3300:21; 3086:20, 24; 3091:23; 3043:9; 3327:4 Betts [2] - 3110:7, 21 3302:15, 20; 3303:10; 3092:4; 3093:15 broad [8] - 3037:22; 3052:5; between [28] - 3015:24; 3304:5, 9; 3305:2; bookkeeping [1] - 3161:13 3076:11; 3096:22; 3017:9, 22; 3035:7; 3307:24; 3324:3 booklet [1] - 3056:8 3224:22; 3316:3, 10, 12 3038:2; 3039:23; 3043:8; Birds [7] - 3141:20; 3306:12; books [1] - 2993:14 broader [1] - 3280:22 3056:4, 16, 18; 3058:14; 3307:9; 3308:5, 21; Booty [3] - 3098:19, 21; broadly [2] - 3062:9; 3080:18 3059:5; 3071:17; 3074:9; 3309:19; 3310:10 3214:7 brought [4] - 3000:10; 3082:17; 3083:1; 3111:20; Bishop [4] - 2978:19; BOOTY [6] - 2981:13; 3042:21, 25; 3072:24 3176:7; 3177:11; 3236:23; 2987:25; 3068:5; 3086:12 3088:23; 3214:7, 19; bubbles [1] - 3277:16 3237:13; 3246:9; 3264:23; BISHOP [12] - 2988:1, 15; 3215:7; 3270:13 Buffalo [6] - 2979:3; 3265:17; 3288:2, 17; 2989:13; 2990:9, 18; border [4] - 3040:19; 3076:4, 3026:13; 3029:9; 3045:3, 3322:15 3020:5; 3057:4, 8; 22 20; 3137:22 BETWEEN [2] - 2985:6; 3065:11; 3086:13; 3087:4, Boreal [1] - 3146:14 build [1] - 3073:1 3177:18 19 boreal [5] - 3098:2; 3146:19; BUILDING [2] - 2984:6; Bevan [1] - 2977:18 bit [26] - 3000:8; 3006:23; 3147:5, 25; 3227:9 3248:9 beyond [4] - 3039:18; 3007:8; 3008:12; 3013:14; born [3] - 3003:6; 3009:23; building [2] - 3247:20; 3041:1; 3077:24; 3280:8 3014:2; 3018:10; 3025:12; 3010:5 3296:4 bibliography [2] - 3008:17; 3029:2, 6; 3036:11; bottom [7] - 3116:22; built [2] - 3031:21; 3232:24 3020:6 3037:17; 3056:15; 3060:6, 3190:9; 3203:8; 3207:14; bulldozed [1] - 3031:22 Biche [14] - 2992:24; 3003:6, 10; 3061:25; 3115:5; 3219:9; 3254:12; 3319:12 bullet [2] - 3170:24 17; 3015:12; 3025:3, 15; 3141:6; 3183:10; 3184:5; Boucher [1] - 2990:2 bullets [1] - 3150:24 3026:7; 3076:3; 3077:6; 3194:7; 3232:17; 3245:21; bound [5] - 3116:9; 3183:23; bunch [2] - 3072:24; 3137:14 3078:5, 21, 25 3290:13; 3305:15 3184:2, 11, 14 burbot [1] - 3287:18 Bickerton [3] - 3099:13, 15, bits [2] - 3246:11, 17 boundaries [2] - 3036:15; Burlington [3] - 3098:11, 21;
Realtime Connection - the Realtime EXPERTS - [email protected] 8 Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion, Fort McKay, Alberta - Volume 13
3099:15 17; 2983:15, 19-20; 3261:19; 3264:10; 3188:8; 3198:17; 3206:24; burned [1] - 3171:10 2985:5, 9, 22; 3055:23; 3270:21; 3272:18; 3279:3; 3207:2; 3214:3; 3242:21; bush [1] - 3063:3 3088:11, 14, 19; 3089:9, 3290:1; 3291:23; 3294:2; 3263:24; 3289:22; 3297:5; business [1] - 2994:3 15; 3095:24; 3104:13; 3296:20; 3315:25 3303:16; 3308:4; 3309:14 businesses [1] - 2989:2 3123:15; 3172:6, 9; Canada-Alberta [5] - Case [7] - 3106:2, 20; BUSS [38] - 2982:10, 13; 3177:17; 3178:9; 3201:17; 3098:13; 3099:17, 24; 3107:8; 3143:3; 3273:9 3104:9; 3172:10; 3177:21; 3222:13; 3256:20; 3278:4 3174:24; 3314:17 Cases [1] - 3274:6 3178:16, 19, 22; 3179:3, 9, Canada [164] - 2978:2, 9; Canada/Alberta [1] - 3314:4 cases [12] - 3044:22; 3046:1; 12; 3192:1, 17, 23; 3193:1, 2979:7; 2987:10; 3005:21; Canadian [17] - 2991:19; 3049:15; 3050:20; 3077:8; 11; 3201:10; 3202:3; 3034:14, 20-21; 3035:8, 2993:15; 3112:19, 25; 3078:14; 3116:24; 3221:24; 3222:5, 8, 15; 17; 3037:15; 3039:13; 3114:17; 3143:23; 3144:3, 3134:21; 3135:7; 3140:11; 3226:2, 12, 21; 3237:19; 3046:22; 3048:11; 8; 3158:3; 3161:14, 23; 3293:19, 21 3238:4, 18; 3248:4, 12; 3090:5-7; 3092:3; 3096:10, 3253:6; 3308:24; 3309:17; Cassady [1] - 3140:21 3261:23; 3262:8, 14; 15, 21; 3098:13; 3099:17, 3310:17, 23; 3321:6 castor [4] - 3009:23; 3263:13; 3264:4, 7; 24; 3100:13, 16, 22, 25; CANADIAN [7] - 2976:5, 9; 3011:14, 21; 3012:1 3277:23 3101:2, 4, 16, 22; 3102:16; 2977:6; 2984:8; 2985:19; Castor [24] - 3006:20; Buss [21] - 2978:11; 2979:1; 3103:5, 11, 14, 22; 3104:1; 3256:15; 3262:2 3007:4, 8; 3009:17; 3091:6, 23; 3104:8; 3125:14; 3126:17; Canadians [1] - 3048:25 3010:5; 3011:12, 17; 3105:5; 3172:1, 12; 3132:14; 3133:19; cancelled [1] - 3031:1 3012:6, 13, 20, 23; 3013:4; 3193:10; 3194:24; 3138:18; 3139:5, 7, 9, 19; CanmetENERGY [1] - 3014:4, 11; 3028:7; 3261:11; 3262:6; 3263:1, 3141:17, 22; 3144:5, 3102:3 3031:18, 25; 3032:1; 12; 3278:1, 15; 3279:2; 10-11; 3151:15; 3152:15; cannot [2] - 3127:7; 3300:18 3058:7, 10, 17; 3059:1, 9 3282:25; 3284:8; 3285:2; 3154:3, 20; 3156:4; canvass [1] - 3122:25 Castor's [3] - 3006:12; 3318:21 3158:12; 3160:4; 3161:7; capability [1] - 3251:13 3010:17; 3011:16 Buss's [1] - 3295:21 3163:11, 20; 3164:1; capacity [17] - 3017:12; Castors [1] - 3011:8 buy [2] - 3013:20; 3265:19 3167:14, 20; 3168:3, 9; 3020:15; 3053:15, 21; categories [1] - 3311:22 buys [1] - 3000:14 3169:5, 16, 23-24; 3054:4; 3061:4; 3062:10; category [1] - 3293:14 BY [44] - 2976:2, 11; 2980:8, 3170:11, 15, 18; 3172:20; 3064:7, 15; 3068:15, 23; caused [2] - 3140:1; 3171:18 3174:2, 24; 3177:10; 11, 16, 18-19, 23; 2981:4, 3069:18; 3071:12; causes [1] - 3216:12 3178:3; 3179:19, 23; 23; 2982:3, 8, 10, 13, 3074:18; 3075:2; 3240:6, caution [1] - 3112:12 3180:18; 3181:3; 3186:22; 17-18; 2985:5, 13, 17; 22 cautious [1] - 3111:15 3191:13; 3193:13; 3194:3, 2988:14; 2989:22; 2991:7; CAPP [3] - 3254:13; 3260:13; caveat [2] - 3118:6; 3276:18 9; 3198:12; 3199:15; 3055:23; 3074:1; 3090:3; 3261:23 CCME [1] - 3321:6 3201:7; 3203:2, 12, 16; 3104:14; 3123:16; CAPP's [1] - 3261:1 CDs [2] - 3019:19; 3053:16 3205:19; 3210:10; 3172:10; 3177:17; CAPP'S [2] - 2986:5; 3261:8 CEAA [10] - 2977:6; 3113:3, 3212:25; 3215:14; 3192:14; 3226:9; 3278:4 captive [1] - 3027:4 24; 3138:16; 3143:19, 21; 3218:25; 3230:25; captured [1] - 3310:25 3290:25; 3291:1; 3306:6 3238:12; 3241:16; C Cardinal [2] - 3058:21 CEAA's [1] - 3112:24 3243:20; 3244:3, 17; cards [1] - 3039:16 CEAR [1] - 2976:5 3245:12; 3246:9, 14; care [2] - 3050:11; 3278:16 CEMA [12] - 3250:10; 3253:3; c) [1] - 3027:17 3249:10; 3253:2; 3255:22; careful [3] - 2996:6; 3051:16; 3254:4, 7, 17; 3255:1; C.0-7 [1] - 2976:8 3259:3, 10, 13; 3264:17; 3257:4 3256:1, 3, 7; 3261:14, 21; C1-C4-alkylated [1] - 3265:25; 3266:5; 3291:16, carefully [1] - 3012:9 3314:8 3189:23 19; 3292:11, 20; 3294:22, caribou [8] - 3015:4; 3098:3; Centre [2] - 3099:1; 3199:16 cabin [9] - 3002:3, 5-6; 24; 3295:4, 17, 20; 3297:9, 3146:10, 16, 19; 3147:5, certain [9] - 3090:25; 3006:10, 12, 19; 3011:12; 14, 22; 3298:5; 3299:6, 10; 25 3124:20; 3157:9; 3164:23; 3032:21 3301:9; 3302:11, 13, 18; Caribou [1] - 3146:14 3217:15; 3268:12; cabinet [1] - 3037:2 3304:14; 3305:12; 3306:1, carried [2] - 2997:23; 3268:4 3292:19; 3318:8 cabins [6] - 3015:22; 3022:9; 4, 11, 21, 25; 3307:15, carry [3] - 3082:21; 3121:2; certainly [45] - 3033:11; 3031:11; 3074:7, 9 18-19; 3308:1, 13; 3311:1; 3281:5 3055:1; 3059:10; 3077:17; calculate [2] - 3190:9; 3312:24; 3314:17; 3320:9, carrying [2] - 3240:6, 22 3079:1; 3080:7; 3093:8; 3207:24 11; 3321:9, 15; 3322:11; carve [1] - 3084:25 3124:16; 3125:7; 3126:3, Calgary [1] - 2991:13 3327:5 carved [1] - 3260:18 7; 3127:1; 3131:22; calibrate [2] - 3268:11, 20 Canada's [31] - 3034:25; case [34] - 3001:5; 3037:11; 3134:12; 3135:21; 3137:9; calibrated [1] - 3266:12 3096:19; 3097:2, 6; 3038:5; 3039:12; 3040:17; 3140:7; 3143:12; 3149:18; calibration [1] - 3267:10 3102:17, 21; 3103:16; 3041:12; 3042:13; 3164:2, 11; 3196:18; California [1] - 3091:19 3121:13; 3129:13, 19; 3048:11, 20; 3050:7, 22; 3200:11; 3228:14; CANADA [39] - 2976:2, 12; 3130:7; 3131:16; 3132:3; 3081:14; 3085:4; 3108:13; 3252:20; 3256:1, 10; 2980:19; 2981:7, 11, 18, 3162:25; 3163:3; 3164:6; 3131:21; 3135:10, 20; 3262:14; 3263:2; 3278:25; 21, 25; 2982:3, 8, 10, 13, 3173:8; 3193:16; 3196:21; 3212:19; 3238:21; 3136:19, 23; 3138:20; 3296:1, 24-25; 3298:11;
Realtime Connection - the Realtime EXPERTS - [email protected] 9 Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion, Fort McKay, Alberta - Volume 13
3300:8; 3306:24; 3310:19; 3258:13; 3270:1; 3319:7 chemical [3] - 3184:11, 21; 3065:20; 3068:11; 3075:4, 3313:13; 3315:9; 3319:18; chance [3] - 3014:21; 3258:19 13; 3130:14; 3132:20; 3320:6, 23; 3322:12; 3091:3; 3287:8 chemicals [5] - 3099:10; 3147:13; 3156:9; 3159:24; 3325:12 Change [1] - 3169:23 3161:2, 25; 3184:24; 3178:24; 3192:9; 3249:15 certainty [1] - 3270:6 change [34] - 3054:2; 3077:1; 3188:1 clearly [13] - 2995:10; CERTIFICATION [1] - 3327:1 3099:3; 3105:7; 3111:7; chemistry [3] - 3102:5, 7; 3023:17; 3059:1; 3064:3; certify [1] - 3327:5 3112:9; 3157:19; 3162:23; 3185:24 3066:7; 3069:7; 3083:16; cetera [3] - 3024:13; 3170:5; 3171:18; 3175:16; Chemistry [1] - 3091:17 3094:24; 3124:6; 3148:20; 3068:18; 3069:14 3212:18; 3213:2, 20; CHERYL [2] - 2981:11; 3174:7; 3248:24; 3249:2 chain [1] - 3026:9 3214:14; 3215:23; 3216:8, 3088:20 Clearwater [1] - 2978:17 Chair [7] - 2977:3; 2990:10; 10; 3217:1, 13, 24; 3218:5, Cheryl [2] - 3096:9, 13 CLEM [2] - 2980:15; 2990:16 3065:11; 3087:19; 3176:9; 7, 9; 3257:6; 3260:18; Chief [2] - 3084:7, 9 Clem [6] - 2990:20; 3025:7; 3203:6; 3325:21 3269:18, 20; 3286:7; Chiefs [1] - 3100:24 3072:20; 3082:24; 3083:7; chaired [1] - 3247:16 3304:25; 3305:3; 3316:21 Chipewyan [19] - 2978:7; 3086:2 Chairman [29] - 3055:18; CHANGE [2] - 2983:16; 2997:4; 2998:14, 25; clients [7] - 3019:6; 3044:22; 3064:25; 3066:25; 3172:7 3015:13; 3017:25; 3049:19; 3065:23; 3067:13; 3086:8; 3089:20; changed [4] - 3018:14; 3018:11; 3025:2, 16; 3066:16; 3087:1 3093:25; 3096:11; 3054:5; 3246:24 3026:4, 12; 3029:17, 25; climate [26] - 3099:3; 3105:7; 3100:23; 3103:6; 3104:19; changes [9] - 3014:14; 3077:11; 3078:10; 3081:3; 3157:18; 3162:23; 3170:5; 3115:13; 3118:11; 3028:2; 3157:5; 3204:22; 3278:11; 3300:25 3171:18; 3212:17; 3213:2, 3120:12; 3122:13, 22; 3207:17; 3241:1; 3267:13; CHIPEWYAN [2] - 2982:17; 20; 3214:14, 22; 3215:23; 3137:3; 3152:7; 3179:3, 9; 3324:15; 3325:17 3278:5 3216:8, 10, 25; 3217:8, 13, 3201:11, 19; 3221:25; changing [4] - 3241:13; choice [1] - 3008:8 24; 3218:5, 7, 9; 3265:4; 3237:19; 3245:2; 3248:5; 3242:9; 3249:6; 3325:13 chose [2] - 3052:19; 3066:9 3269:18, 20 3261:24; 3262:24; 3278:8 channels [1] - 3277:20 chosen [3] - 3003:23; CLIMATE [2] - 2983:16; chairman [1] - 3162:10 CHAPTER [2] - 2984:3; 3006:25; 3035:22 3172:6 CHAIRMAN [76] - 2987:4, 8, 3238:15 Chronic [2] - 3099:8 Climate [1] - 3169:23 14, 23; 2988:8; 2989:15; chapter [3] - 3237:11; circuit [1] - 3218:22 climate-surface [1] - 3265:4 2990:8; 3055:12, 16; 3248:2; 3270:20 circulated [1] - 3191:13 Clinton [1] - 2979:9 3065:3, 9; 3066:23; Chapter [4] - 3238:9; circumstance [1] - 3150:14 close [8] - 2988:4; 3012:3; 3067:11; 3073:21; 3086:9; 3291:16; 3292:3; 3293:24 cited [5] - 3006:17; 3008:16; 3020:17; 3087:10; 3185:6, 3087:3, 12, 17, 22; 3088:6; characterization [2] - 3020:12; 3044:23; 3110:21 13, 15; 3186:17 3089:19; 3093:11, 15, 21; 3246:4; 3292:18 cites [2] - 3109:17; 3110:4 closed [1] - 3131:11 3095:22; 3104:7, 11, 18, characterize [2] - 3161:8; Claim [2] - 3076:16, 21 closely [4] - 3148:13, 15; 23; 3107:18; 3109:14; 3221:13 claim [2] - 3047:4, 24 3155:18; 3156:8 3115:17; 3118:24; characterized [1] - 3292:17 claiming [1] - 3076:17 closer [2] - 3011:23; 3188:1 3120:15, 23; 3122:3, 7, 12, charged [1] - 3045:19 claims [1] - 2994:12 closure [1] - 3127:13 20; 3123:6; 3131:12; Charles [1] - 2977:7 Clair's [1] - 3140:21 Club [1] - 2979:4 3141:1; 3152:12, 18; Charlottetown [4] - 3047:17, CLARIFICATION [2] - CNRL [1] - 2992:17 3153:3; 3162:15; 3172:2; 19, 23; 3049:1 2980:8; 2988:14 co [4] - 3096:21; 3105:5; 3179:11; 3192:20, 24; CHARTIER [7] - 2980:15; clarification [7] - 2988:6; 3185:25; 3194:12 3193:5; 3201:12; 3222:3, 2990:16; 3034:4; 3056:6; 2989:14; 3130:20; co-counsel [1] - 3105:5 6, 10; 3237:23; 3238:13; 3075:21; 3080:17; 3084:12 3145:17; 3201:20; co-ordination [2] - 3096:21; 3248:6; 3261:25; 3262:6, Chartier [7] - 2990:20; 3207:10; 3247:23 3194:12 12, 16, 20; 3263:3, 10; 3029:5; 3033:22; 3034:1; clarify [18] - 2988:3, 18; co-pollutants [1] - 3185:25 3264:2, 6; 3278:1; 3056:1; 3075:10; 3080:10 3060:11; 3066:2; 3067:1; COALITION [2] - 2983:13; 3290:19; 3291:3, 12; chartier [1] - 3055:8 3149:17; 3153:11; 3157:1; 3162:18 3301:15, 21, 25; 3326:1, 4 Chartrand [1] - 3040:14 3160:21; 3172:22; Coalition [4] - 2979:1; challenge [2] - 3076:14; charts [1] - 3178:2 3174:20; 3194:6; 3195:16; 3105:4; 3154:5; 3162:12 3252:2 chase [1] - 3213:9 3214:21; 3215:25; Coast [1] - 3232:16 challenging [2] - 3052:23; check [13] - 2993:8; 3130:4, 3283:17; 3301:11; 3318:15 code [1] - 3009:19 3236:15 25; 3131:2, 5; 3132:11; clarifying [1] - 3172:17 cognizant [1] - 3104:20 Chambers [9] - 3098:10; 3158:11; 3186:16; clarity [1] - 3131:23 cohesive [1] - 3053:5 3178:23; 3180:11-13; 3191:17; 3192:1, 3; class [1] - 3251:5 Cole [1] - 3079:14 3186:19; 3199:24; 3248:13 3225:25; 3320:21 Classics [1] - 2991:17 collaborate [1] - 3154:20 CHAMBERS [13] - 2981:13; CHECK [2] - 2985:12; classify [1] - 3275:15 collaboration [1] - 3082:7 3088:24; 3179:18; 3192:11 clause [2] - 3046:24; 3293:5 colleague [6] - 3104:9; 3180:13; 3186:21; checking [1] - 3130:17 clear [20] - 2989:8; 3012:23; 3117:15; 3172:1; 3262:24; 3193:22; 3196:17; checks [1] - 3131:10 3015:14; 3016:1; 3024:19; 3278:13; 3325:23 3198:15; 3246:8; 3248:17; Chelsea [1] - 2979:4 3041:14; 3045:10; collect [4] - 2996:3; 3005:16;
Realtime Connection - the Realtime EXPERTS - [email protected] 10 Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion, Fort McKay, Alberta - Volume 13
3157:7; 3323:14 commitments [7] - 3129:19; comparative [2] - 3129:7; comply [1] - 3169:9 collected [8] - 3005:19; 3141:18, 24; 3142:3; 3158:13 component [8] - 3097:16; 3061:11; 3182:19; 3187:8; 3167:19; 3175:11 compare [1] - 2996:4 3098:13; 3099:23; 3199:10; 3259:25; commits [1] - 3231:8 compared [1] - 3269:3 3196:10; 3267:2; 3316:4; 3266:11; 3275:12 committed [6] - 3132:15; compensate [2] - 3231:17, 3317:8; 3321:18 collecting [1] - 3267:10 3164:1, 9; 3167:14; 22 components [4] - 3174:23; collection [2] - 3140:16; 3210:17, 22 compensated [4] - 3208:10; 3242:12; 3245:24; 3303:1 3249:21 Committee [5] - 3027:19; 3231:4; 3233:13 composition [1] - 3094:4 collective [7] - 3052:17, 19; 3233:22; 3244:4, 6, 9 compensates [1] - 3079:20 compound [1] - 3276:11 3081:10; 3123:2; 3298:6 common [2] - 3079:1; 3080:8 compensating [1] - 3205:3 compounded [1] - 3270:6 collectively [3] - 3038:22; Commons [1] - 3044:12 Compensation [12] - Compounds [2] - 3102:8; 3302:25; 3314:10 communal [1] - 3021:25 3186:13, 17; 3226:23; 3271:21 collectives [2] - 3075:20, 22 communicate [1] - 3016:13 3228:21; 3231:15; comprehensive [2] - 3245:4; Colleen [1] - 3140:21 communicating [1] - 3251:8 3235:15; 3280:2, 15, 18; 3246:1 COLONIAL [2] - 2983:18; Communication [1] - 3281:23; 3282:4, 8 compresses [1] - 3000:4 3201:15 2977:13 compensation [26] - 3205:1; computer [1] - 3009:25 Colonial [1] - 3199:21 communications [1] - 3208:10; 3209:14; 3210:5; computers [1] - 3088:3 colonize [1] - 3287:16 3094:7 3230:4; 3231:7, 20, 23; conceivable [2] - 3049:8; colonized [1] - 3287:3 Communications [1] - 3233:1, 5; 3235:3, 6, 11, 3232:13 Columbia [6] - 3036:22; 2977:8 15, 23; 3278:24; 3279:7, concentrated [1] - 3079:9 3041:15, 17; 3042:1; communities [17] - 2993:12; 16, 18; 3281:11; 3282:14, concentration [1] - 3185:14 3043:9; 3327:4 3014:17; 3017:10; 17; 3285:10, 15, 20 concentrations [7] - combination [2] - 3293:18, 3018:22; 3019:17; 3025:9; compensatory [1] - 3278:22 3187:20; 3190:20, 24; 23 3051:12; 3053:2; 3056:5; compilation [1] - 3067:3 3201:2; 3213:15, 25; combined [2] - 3187:18; 3070:10; 3071:18; complaints [1] - 3321:24 3320:19 3293:24 3077:21; 3078:14; 3083:2, complete [15] - 2994:8; concept [1] - 3109:19 combustion [2] - 3185:18, 10; 3084:10 2996:8; 3005:7; 3006:25; Concern [5] - 2989:4; 23 communities' [1] - 3061:9 3012:18; 3024:10; 2990:1; 3012:16, 22; comfort [1] - 3317:4 community [73] - 2988:25; 3062:10; 3064:7; 3068:17; 3029:11 comfortable [2] - 3064:23; 2989:4; 2993:5, 13, 21; 3074:14; 3093:18; concern [14] - 3060:15; 3075:16 3000:15; 3016:19; 3150:25; 3151:8; 3195:5; 3063:10; 3066:18; 3069:3; coming [12] - 2993:22; 3023:21; 3024:23, 25; 3327:10 3117:4; 3209:5; 3224:10, 3003:19; 3019:19; 3025:10, 18, 23; 3026:2; completed [30] - 2991:11, 15; 3252:8; 3254:2; 3034:21; 3040:8; 3048:21; 3041:13; 3045:6, 23; 14; 2992:5, 7, 9, 12; 3260:7; 3285:6; 3312:18 3053:1; 3157:1; 3166:4; 3050:23; 3051:14, 18; 2993:11, 25; 3002:10; concerned [7] - 3013:7; 3274:1; 3278:9; 3293:7 3052:9; 3054:12; 3055:1, 3006:5; 3008:14; 3009:13; 3062:20; 3139:20; commence [3] - 3121:7; 6; 3062:7, 22; 3064:9; 3010:25; 3011:13; 3217:20; 3218:3; 3284:5; 3122:8; 3193:7 3067:5; 3075:19; 3076:10; 3014:19; 3020:25; 3023:2, 3304:25 comment [15] - 3068:2; 3077:7, 14-15, 19; 5, 14; 3024:15; 3025:4; concerning [4] - 2993:15; 3069:21; 3108:17; 3078:13-15; 3080:14-17, 3028:7, 18; 3031:25; 3016:8; 3093:6; 3251:23 3109:12; 3119:15; 3139:3; 21, 25; 3081:4, 9, 19; 3146:24; 3156:14, 24; concerns [60] - 2999:23; 3148:2; 3165:4; 3166:2; 3082:5, 18; 3084:13; 3158:13; 3199:7; 3221:11 3006:6; 3010:11, 16; 3167:3; 3229:12; 3243:20; 3085:6, 21-23; 3092:10; completely [3] - 3075:2; 3012:13, 20, 25; 3014:8, 3256:12; 3288:7 3127:14, 17-18, 21; 3139:25; 3140:10 22; 3015:15, 17, 19-20; commented [1] - 3290:23 3128:7; 3136:12; 3182:2, completing [4] - 2992:14, 3017:4, 6, 13; 3019:21; commenting [1] - 3195:10 7; 3196:25; 3251:9 18; 2993:13; 3148:11 3059:4, 12; 3060:7; comments [6] - 2988:18; Community [1] - 2978:12 Complex [1] - 3299:14 3061:8, 15; 3062:2, 13; 3067:24; 3108:20; community's [1] - 3051:13 complex [4] - 3083:8; 3064:9; 3065:19, 25; 3123:11; 3172:19; 3309:12 Community's [1] - 2994:2 3161:2; 3265:3 3066:12; 3069:2, 6-8, 10, commercial [2] - 3236:12; community-based [1] - complexities [2] - 3160:22, 16-17; 3116:6; 3141:22; 3255:18 2993:21 25 3181:22; 3195:25; commission [1] - 3242:25 community-level [1] - compliance [10] - 3259:11, 3200:18; 3279:8, 11, 20; commissioned [2] - 3051:18 14; 3260:4, 16, 19, 25; 3280:4, 7, 13, 16, 21; 3024:21; 3247:13 community.. [1] - 3128:10 3308:6, 8; 3321:25 3281:2, 20; 3283:2, 6, 22; Commissioner [2] - 3238:7; companies [3] - 2992:16; COMPLIANCE [2] - 2986:5; 3306:24; 3315:6 3244:19 3014:16; 3083:13 3261:7 concerted [1] - 3315:9 Commissioner's [1] - 3242:1 company [3] - 2999:25; complication [1] - 3236:22 conclude [3] - 3200:15; commit [1] - 3273:2 3009:13; 3210:8 complied [1] - 3308:14 3229:24; 3272:19 commitment [5] - 3163:1, 4, Company [1] - 3035:16 compliment [1] - 3172:14 concluded [3] - 3213:10; 7, 10; 3218:21 comparable [1] - 3235:17 complimentary [1] - 3053:7 3263:16, 19
Realtime Connection - the Realtime EXPERTS - [email protected] 11 Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion, Fort McKay, Alberta - Volume 13
conclusion [18] - 3006:5; confused [2] - 3060:11; 3283:1; 3292:5; 3297:2; contained [3] - 3194:18; 3073:8; 3213:23; 3215:8, 3164:22 3298:11; 3300:2; 3301:9, 3215:9; 3227:23 11; 3223:7; 3241:6; confusing [1] - 3061:25 14; 3311:19, 21; 3312:2, contaminant [4] - 3183:17; 3243:19; 3267:7, 14, 17, confusion [1] - 3001:25 20; 3313:19 3189:20; 3191:4; 3213:14 21; 3273:5; 3275:11, 22; Congress [1] - 3034:15 considering [6] - 3108:5; contaminants [9] - 3176:14, 3294:7; 3304:14 Conklin [3] - 2992:5; 3212:6; 3239:21; 3283:15; 20; 3182:16; 3213:25; conclusions [5] - 3133:11; 3026:16; 3078:21 3307:1; 3315:7 3214:15; 3215:9; 3264:20; 3244:18; 3276:3; 3306:20; connect [1] - 3194:16 consistency [1] - 3053:12 3319:12, 14 3317:4 connected [3] - 3026:15; consistent [2] - 3183:14; Contaminants [1] - 3179:25 Conclusions [1] - 3306:16 3282:6, 11 3187:23 contaminated [1] - 3264:18 concrete [1] - 3070:3 connection [1] - 3006:20 consists [1] - 3096:17 contemplated [1] - 3255:10 concurrence [1] - 3223:4 Connection [1] - 2979:15 constituents [3] - 3049:21; content [3] - 3166:3; concurrently [2] - 3265:23; connections [2] - 3011:24; 3098:16 3226:16; 3263:20 3285:18 3025:11 constitutes [1] - 3223:2 context [7] - 3000:6; 3081:8; condition [11] - 3138:14, 20; consciousness [1] - 3035:14 Constitution [7] - 3034:20, 3093:10; 3114:20; 3206:6; 3242:21; 3256:25; consensus [2] - 3161:16; 25; 3046:20; 3047:10; 3148:18; 3165:14; 3318:22 3297:16, 21; 3298:1, 15; 3221:21 3048:3; 3049:5; 3307:11 continue [16] - 2999:21; 3299:21 consequence [2] - 3125:17; Constitutional [2] - 3049:9; 3018:2; 3023:19; 3035:19; conditions [16] - 3140:6; 3126:4 3095:6 3042:24; 3044:16; 3156:7; 3171:3, 5, 14, 17; consequences [3] - 3306:22; constitutional [3] - 3034:22; 3123:12; 3166:9; 3193:10; 3208:24; 3241:14; 3242:9; 3307:1 3046:13; 3047:16 3229:5; 3230:7; 3256:6; 3292:21; 3294:1, 9; conservation [25] - 3038:18; constraint [2] - 3120:25; 3262:18; 3263:12; 3281:14 3308:2, 8; 3309:22; 3133:21, 23, 25; 3134:1, 5, 3122:1 CONTINUED [1] - 2984:1 3310:18 8, 11, 25; 3137:9, 13, 16; constraints [1] - 3123:3 continued [12] - 2994:13; conduct [2] - 3196:19; 3138:1, 5, 12, 21; 3149:6; constructed [4] - 3227:4; 3003:3; 3011:18, 25; 3198:23 3150:6, 11; 3151:6; 3240:17; 3285:13; 3286:1 3012:2; 3022:15-17; conducted [6] - 3156:3; 3152:4; 3300:21; 3301:1, 5 consult [7] - 3054:3; 3023:17; 3024:14; 3193:23; 3195:17; 3200:3; CONSERVATION [7] - 3068:16, 24; 3084:5; 3125:15; 3223:9 3252:16; 3320:18 2976:4, 6, 8, 11; 2977:9; 3231:10, 13; 3255:4 continues [3] - 3246:22; confer [2] - 3114:14; 3158:19 2983:12; 3153:7 consultant [2] - 3019:12; 3256:4 conference [2] - 3034:22; Conservation [2] - 3138:11; 3045:13 continuing [2] - 3123:17; 3091:21 3152:14 consultants [2] - 3266:3, 8 3254:16 conferences [3] - 2993:18; conservatism [1] - 3273:16 consultants' [2] - 3252:22; CONTINUING [3] - 2982:8, 3047:16, 18 conservative [3] - 3119:8; 3267:17 13; 3123:16 conferencing [1] - 3046:13 3269:22; 3274:24 consultation [36] - 3025:19; continuous [2] - 3157:10; confidence [5] - 3266:12; conserving [2] - 3129:25; 3036:3; 3037:12; 3038:9, 3315:17 3267:21, 24; 3268:12, 15 3132:15 18; 3039:4, 9, 20; 3041:9; continuously [2] - 3197:3; confidential [1] - 3068:7 consider [13] - 2996:3; 3051:6; 3056:16; 3065:18; 3316:15 confirm [44] - 2988:15; 3137:25; 3151:21, 24; 3066:1, 14; 3067:23; contracted [1] - 3272:9 3014:5; 3056:2, 21; 3207:3; 3235:10; 3241:17; 3068:12; 3070:4, 7, 9, contribute [7] - 3164:6, 12; 3059:8; 3064:21; 3071:8; 3252:15; 3278:21; 14-15; 3071:17; 3073:4, 6, 3225:2; 3229:16; 3233:2; 3096:24; 3109:6; 3131:20, 3300:17; 3301:12; 9; 3082:22; 3084:4, 8; 3235:4, 9 24; 3132:1; 3137:4; 3306:21; 3307:2 3085:5; 3095:2, 11, 15; contributes [1] - 3286:14 3143:20; 3150:22; considerable [1] - 3124:13 3221:9, 11, 13; 3231:14 contributing [2] - 3164:10, 3159:21; 3176:4; 3177:8, considerably [2] - 3128:3; Consultation [10] - 3056:4; 13 21, 24; 3178:4, 14; 3181:3, 3129:2 3067:10; 3069:23; contribution [1] - 3174:1 5, 7; 3186:5; 3191:3; consideration [5] - 3151:6; 3070:17; 3071:7, 20; contributor [1] - 3206:25 3200:23; 3202:14, 16; 3152:4; 3303:20; 3312:14, 3075:11, 19; 3094:12; control [3] - 3096:8; 3226:3; 3238:19; 3239:1; 17 3095:8 3103:24; 3104:3 3245:3; 3253:13; 3255:24; considerations [8] - 3135:9; consulted [5] - 2995:21; convenient [1] - 3192:18 3256:1; 3261:12; 3273:18, 3174:6; 3293:11; 3301:7; 3020:22; 3049:24; Convention [9] - 3129:14; 21; 3289:2, 21; 3321:3 3303:25; 3314:16, 18, 25 3050:10, 24 3132:3; 3141:21; 3306:12; CONFIRM [6] - 2985:4, 10, Considerations [3] - consumption [3] - 3230:19; 3307:9; 3308:5, 21; 16; 3177:15; 3178:9; 3143:23; 3144:3, 8 3233:9; 3235:20 3309:19; 3310:10 3226:8 considered [30] - 3108:15; CONT'D [3] - 2981:1; 2982:1; convention [3] - 3129:24; confirmed [5] - 3013:5; 3109:7; 3134:11; 3135:3, 2986:1 3130:8; 3131:16 3131:25; 3201:4; 3202:23; 5, 21; 3136:1; 3137:10, 19; contact [7] - 3011:18; convey [1] - 3204:8 3273:5 3138:3; 3150:16; 3151:18; 3012:3; 3015:24; 3033:5; Cooke [4] - 2977:4; 3017:3; confirming [1] - 3305:13 3211:22; 3235:5, 14; 3035:7; 3141:9, 11 3069:1; 3103:7 conformity [1] - 3082:8 3253:25; 3254:3; 3255:8; contacted [1] - 3153:12 cool [1] - 3184:23
Realtime Connection - the Realtime EXPERTS - [email protected] 12 Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion, Fort McKay, Alberta - Volume 13
coordinate [2] - 2992:4; 3316:19; 3324:6, 11, covering [1] - 3071:7 3237:12; 3239:21; 3240:2, 3024:5 20-21; 3327:10 covers [1] - 3079:12 12; 3241:19; 3243:1, 4; coordinated [2] - 3250:8; corrected [1] - 3222:3 Craig [2] - 3199:16; 3202:24 3245:10; 3246:19; 3311:11 correctly [9] - 3072:12, 15, create [1] - 3083:23 3255:14; 3260:9; 3311:8; coordinating [3] - 2992:2; 24; 3105:21; 3168:20; created [6] - 3036:15; 3313:16, 24; 3314:11; 3101:7, 9 3174:18; 3218:13; 3076:20; 3133:20; 3315:20; 3318:13, 17, 23; Coordinator [1] - 2977:12 3225:22; 3286:23 3276:23; 3277:17; 3282:1 3319:11, 20; 3324:7 coordinators [1] - 3194:14 corridor [1] - 3026:17 creates [1] - 3276:15 CUMULATIVE [2] - 2984:4; copies [10] - 3094:2; Corrina [1] - 3099:25 creating [2] - 3125:9; 3238:15 3118:11, 13; 3144:12; cost [1] - 3254:22 3281:16 curious [5] - 3154:11; 3154:8; 3179:14; 3199:19; costs [1] - 3240:20 credentials [1] - 2994:6 3279:17; 3285:22; 3222:4; 3253:20 Council [21] - 3034:3, 11-12, Cree [8] - 2978:17, 21; 3295:17; 3310:1 copy [23] - 3060:1; 3070:24; 14, 18; 3035:23; 3036:25; 2992:10; 2997:5; 3003:14; current [10] - 2996:24; 3071:4; 3072:4; 3091:22; 3037:4, 9; 3038:11; 3005:17; 3035:9; 3074:21 3000:3, 11; 3002:3; 3106:17; 3110:12; 3039:2; 3042:2; 3046:11, criteria [6] - 3109:12; 3039:11; 3158:13; 3163:3; 3143:24; 3152:16; 22; 3047:21; 3083:3; 3135:22, 25; 3176:13, 20; 3271:1; 3303:21, 24 3153:14; 3170:19; 3179:7, 3084:7, 10; 3158:4; 3249:11 CURRENTLY [2] - 2986:6; 10; 3213:19; 3219:15; 3161:14; 3321:6 critical [14] - 3109:19, 22; 3261:9 3222:9, 17, 21; 3253:12; councils [4] - 3082:18; 3110:24; 3111:6, 16, 18, curse [1] - 3269:14 3264:12; 3290:7 3084:13, 15; 3085:6 20, 23; 3112:1, 5, 15; customs [1] - 3035:12 Core [1] - 3180:2 counsel [11] - 3000:10, 24; 3145:1; 3146:4; 3147:2 cut [1] - 3213:9 cores [3] - 3189:6, 12; 3001:14; 3089:23; 3094:8; critically [1] - 3219:19 CV [2] - 2993:7; 3098:5 3190:8 3105:5; 3122:24; 3123:2, cross [12] - 3065:12, 14; CVs [1] - 3195:6 CORINNA [2] - 2981:16; 8; 3154:3; 3199:17 3066:13, 15; 3067:2; cycles [2] - 3216:14, 19 3089:5 Counsel [4] - 2977:7, 10 3068:4, 8; 3087:6; Cynthia [1] - 2978:18 Corner [1] - 3167:10 count [2] - 3233:1; 3235:3 3090:14, 20; 3118:25; cornerstone [1] - 3309:21 counterpart [1] - 3247:1 3201:21 D correct [131] - 3026:22; country [2] - 3100:12; 3290:1 CROSS [13] - 2980:9, 17; 3034:4; 3058:8, 11; couple [16] - 2992:22; 2982:2, 7, 9, 12, 17; d)(2 [1] - 3297:19 3075:8, 25; 3104:4; 3020:2; 3023:6; 3038:13; 2989:20; 3055:21; 3105:22; 3106:12, 17; 3041:11; 3074:3; 3109:17; 3104:13; 3123:15; 3172:9; dad [1] - 3001:22 3107:2, 13-14; 3108:15, 3144:15; 3172:12; 3186:9; 3278:4 DALE [2] - 2981:22; 3089:16 Dale [2] - 3103:5, 9 22; 3109:9, 25; 3110:22, 3213:3; 3246:23; 3276:2; cross-examination [6] - 24; 3112:17; 3114:6; 3284:11; 3289:18; 3302:7 3065:12; 3068:4, 8; damage [1] - 3209:21 3115:21; 3116:10; coupling [1] - 3264:23 3090:14, 20; 3118:25 Dan [1] - 2978:3 3119:10, 13; 3128:1; course [23] - 3001:21; CROSS-EXAMINATION [13] Dana [1] - 3058:21 3129:17; 3130:3; 3131:6; 3002:5; 3003:12; 3004:1; - 2980:9, 17; 2982:2, 7, 9, Daniel [1] - 2977:19 3132:8, 16-17; 3133:21; 3025:15; 3035:6; 3036:14; 12, 17; 2989:20; 3055:21; Daniela [1] - 2978:22 3134:24; 3139:8; 3140:12, 3041:21; 3043:22; 3044:5; 3104:13; 3123:15; 3172:9; Daniels [2] - 3046:21; 20; 3141:20; 3145:5, 3045:2, 6; 3077:10; 3278:4 3048:20 11-12; 3146:7, 17; 3081:7; 3084:18; 3092:10; cross-examine [4] - 3066:13; Darin [1] - 2977:13 3147:10, 17-18; 3156:12; 3121:15; 3135:21; 3067:2; 3087:6; 3201:21 darned [1] - 3015:1 3157:15; 3158:15; 3164:7; 3181:15; 3188:15; Crown [6] - 3075:11, 18; data [68] - 2995:23; 3140:15; 3165:8, 19, 21; 3168:23; 3246:13; 3266:21; 3284:4 3094:11; 3095:8, 19 3178:1; 3181:12, 17, 21; 3169:3; 3170:12; 3172:24; Court [5] - 3039:13; 3048:11, CSR(A [3] - 2979:15; 3327:3, 3182:17; 3197:9, 11; 3173:20, 24; 3174:13, 19; 21; 3076:16; 3077:8 19 3198:16; 3199:9, 12; 3180:10; 3183:3; 3193:15, COURT [3] - 2979:14; cubic [3] - 3207:25; 3210:23; 3216:3, 6, 25; 3234:13; 18; 3195:11; 3203:3; 2981:10; 3088:17 3212:14 3237:5-8; 3241:11; 3242:4, 3212:9, 11; 3215:6; court [4] - 3050:19; 3089:21; cultural [2] - 3002:19; 8; 3243:14; 3245:8; 3219:22; 3220:10, 18; 3102:24; 3323:15 3003:12 3249:21; 3250:3; 3258:4, 3221:12, 22; 3223:20; courteously [1] - 3290:7 Cultural [8] - 2994:12; 11, 14, 17-19, 21, 24; 3224:2, 6; 3225:12, 14-15, Courtney [1] - 2977:20 2995:6; 2996:19; 2998:3; 3259:1, 5, 23-24; 3266:11, 19, 24; 3234:7; 3235:24; courts [4] - 3039:15; 3046:7; 3001:2; 3006:2; 3015:8 19; 3267:3, 10, 19; 3241:4; 3242:11; 3247:14; 3049:13; 3050:2 culture [1] - 3035:12 3268:14, 19, 23; 3269:1, 5, 12-13; 3275:12; 3276:1, 5, 3251:14; 3253:3-5; Courts [5] - 3041:15; Cumulative [1] - 3238:10 3258:25; 3262:23; 3271:4, 9; 3319:8, 18, 23; 3320:1, 3046:10; 3050:4, 9 cumulative [37] - 3064:4; 9-10, 13, 16, 22-23; 4; 3322:18, 22 coverage [4] - 3090:25; 3143:4; 3154:23; 3203:12; 3272:1, 21, 24; 3273:21; 3091:9; 3092:15; 3236:18 3204:4, 15; 3207:1; DATA [2] - 2985:9; 3178:9 3274:14; 3275:10; [1] covered [4] - 3003:19; 3208:14; 3210:2, 7, 14, 16; dataset - 3236:19 3282:18; 3292:1; 3305:10; 3082:24; 3086:3; 3239:11 3211:9; 3219:20; 3234:6; date [11] - 3042:10; 3064:22;
Realtime Connection - the Realtime EXPERTS - [email protected] 13 Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion, Fort McKay, Alberta - Volume 13
3121:19; 3147:24; 3277:4; 3304:6 2989:17, 23-24; 2990:7; detailed [4] - 2995:19; 3156:17; 3158:20; 3167:8; decreasing [5] - 3111:10; 3122:13; 3201:19; 3202:2 2996:9; 3008:22; 3031:5 3236:16; 3237:5, 15; 3215:15, 20; 3216:4, 21 deny [1] - 3289:3 detailing [1] - 3030:24 3243:16 deems [1] - 3305:9 denying [1] - 3083:8 details [9] - 2993:8; 3031:10; dated [2] - 3219:1; 3237:15 defend [1] - 3045:19 Department [8] - 3090:6; 3041:10; 3059:15; DATED [2] - 2984:8; 3262:3 defending [1] - 3049:13 3102:11; 3174:10; 3169:20; 3175:14; 3266:4; dates [3] - 3057:7; 3064:18, deficiencies [5] - 2999:9; 3197:16; 3203:1; 3219:5; 3296:25 21 3140:7; 3243:13; 3244:23; 3238:20; 3253:25 detect [1] - 3234:6 DAVE [2] - 2981:14; 3088:25 3250:23 department [11] - 3096:24; detectable [1] - 3210:13 David [3] - 3040:14; 3100:4 define [3] - 3034:23; 3173:13; 3174:10; 3194:9, deterioration [1] - 3271:15 Dawn [1] - 3020:25 3083:15; 3223:10 16; 3200:5; 3241:25; determination [7] - 3005:10; days [5] - 3033:25; 3083:25; defined [8] - 3025:10; 3257:1; 3321:18; 3322:3, 3046:15; 3081:1; 3097:4; 3123:9; 3181:14; 3199:6 3046:7, 9; 3080:18; 14 3119:14; 3155:16; 3305:23 DBTs [1] - 3189:17 3108:18; 3110:18; 3111:7; Department's [1] - 3047:5 determine [21] - 2995:15; deal [16] - 3009:16; 3030:19; 3248:25 departmental [1] - 3256:11 3049:23; 3080:21; 3044:7; 3047:21; 3048:5; defining [3] - 2997:21; DEPARTMENTS [2] - 3119:24; 3121:14; 3126:6; 3052:19; 3059:14, 17; 3046:5, 25 2983:14; 3162:19 3135:10; 3155:4; 3174:3; 3093:5; 3124:18; 3125:4; definitely [10] - 3031:23; Departments [3] - 3090:5; 3190:10; 3195:13; 3160:25; 3176:13; 3133:16; 3135:25; 3239:1; 3154:6; 3162:14 3225:21; 3230:18; 3232:8; 3208:14; 3210:1; 3291:4 3244:9; 3269:16; 3270:16; departments [6] - 3090:8, 3256:10; 3268:1; 3274:8; dealing [9] - 3039:25; 3274:5; 3276:24; 3302:22 16; 3096:2, 4; 3179:23 3299:24; 3305:21; 3042:6; 3052:4; 3117:10; definitive [1] - 3156:17 departure [1] - 3263:15 3318:11; 3322:8 3134:20; 3135:7; 3207:17 definitively [1] - 3273:8 dependent [1] - 3124:10 determined [10] - 3050:3, 6; deals [3] - 3043:3; 3083:23; degradation [1] - 3240:19 deposit [3] - 3185:3; 3125:11; 3156:10; 3275:3 degree [7] - 3191:5; 3265:24; 3321:11; 3322:6 3195:18; 3206:20; 3212:4, dealt [3] - 3040:3; 3052:16; 3266:16; 3267:5, 20; deposited [1] - 3190:11 9; 3224:24 3079:20 3268:3; 3275:9 depositing [1] - 3185:6 determining [4] - 3119:9; Deb [1] - 3070:24 degrees [1] - 3078:23 Deposition [1] - 3179:25 3156:20; 3265:16; 3268:2 debatable [1] - 3017:19 delay [2] - 3117:1; 3285:12 deposition [2] - 3185:14; deterministic [2] - 3268:24; debate [3] - 3021:12; delaying [1] - 3116:9 3186:3 3269:4 3027:15, 21 DELEGATED [2] - 2986:9; deposits [1] - 3320:12 deterrent [1] - 3140:8 debated [1] - 3254:7 3289:15 Depression [1] - 3048:17 Detour [1] - 3040:4 Debbie [3] - 2978:19; 2991:8; delegated [2] - 3288:22; depth [2] - 3071:15 dev [1] - 3042:25 3011:2 3289:9 Deranger [2] - 2978:10 develop [11] - 3039:20; Deborah [1] - 2977:21 delegating [1] - 3288:25 describe [1] - 3077:12 3051:24; 3056:25; decades [2] - 3161:21; deleterious [4] - 3320:13; described [2] - 3080:18; 3155:19; 3158:5; 3159:4; 3246:15 3321:2, 12; 3322:6 3309:20 3160:8; 3161:18; 3221:10; December [1] - 3058:15 deliver [1] - 3038:5 describes [2] - 3114:18, 21 3255:5; 3285:14 decide [2] - 3017:22; delivered [1] - 3053:20 describing [2] - 3072:20; developed [8] - 3080:5; 3267:23 delivering [1] - 3012:2 3313:25 3082:8; 3155:25; 3156:2; decided [1] - 3266:4 DELTA [2] - 2983:19; description [2] - 3191:22; 3164:17; 3169:10; decision [14] - 3002:22; 3201:17 3313:18 3257:20; 3275:23 3005:10; 3040:16; Delta [3] - 3199:23; 3207:6; DESCRIPTION [3] - 2980:2; developer [1] - 3317:24 3048:21; 3050:20; 3249:4, 3288:6 2983:2; 2985:2 developers [3] - 3315:15; 16; 3259:13; 3288:25; delta [2] - 3201:1; 3203:22 Desert [1] - 3272:10 3316:1; 3317:16 3290:25; 3291:1; 3301:5; demand [2] - 3199:18; deserved [1] - 3013:1 developing [4] - 3148:9, 14; 3314:13; 3319:10 3211:18 design [14] - 3236:23; 3254:10; 3311:6 Decision [6] - 3138:15, 21; demands [2] - 3197:1 3240:15; 3251:4; 3302:13, development [19] - 2996:25; 3139:4, 15; 3154:16; democratic [1] - 3085:17 23; 3303:17, 21, 24-25; 2999:24; 3037:6; 3042:6, 3157:24 demonstrate [5] - 2995:10; 3304:7, 19; 3306:2 11, 20; 3092:11; 3127:11; decision-making [3] - 3008:5; 3023:20; 3024:13; designed [3] - 3250:16; 3129:7; 3160:24; 3195:21; 3249:4, 16; 3314:13 3231:6 3302:19; 3304:21 3202:6; 3236:11; 3260:10; decisions [7] - 3038:24; demonstrated [1] - 3142:12 Desjarlais [1] - 3004:20 3287:2; 3297:1; 3298:20; 3314:6; 3324:8 3197:25; 3205:13; demonstrating [2] - 2995:25; destroyed [2] - 3149:10; 3235:21; 3274:6; 3308:7; 3023:17 3151:15 Development [5] - 2997:7; 3042:15; 3143:4; 3238:8; 3320:5 Dene [1] - 3035:9 destruction [2] - 3015:22; 3244:20 decline [1] - 3111:12 denied [1] - 3043:25 3209:21 development's [1] - 3007:17 declines [4] - 3109:23; Denstedt [3] - 2978:2; detail [7] - 2999:25; 3074:21; 3111:1; 3114:13; 3115:10 2989:16; 3130:11 3092:7; 3121:12; 3168:2, developments [1] - 3204:13 devices [1] - 3247:3 decrease [3] - 3228:25; DENSTEDT [8] - 2980:11; 14; 3294:15
Realtime Connection - the Realtime EXPERTS - [email protected] 14 Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion, Fort McKay, Alberta - Volume 13
devolved [1] - 3037:25 3094:14; 3096:8, 25; district [1] - 2992:23 3288:21; 3297:4; 3299:7; Devon [1] - 3102:3 3102:17; 3103:18; 3152:6 District [1] - 3102:15 3300:12; 3304:17; 3306:5; devote [1] - 3220:22 directly [15] - 3004:3, 14; disturbance [1] - 3097:15 3313:20; 3325:1, 20 DFO [49] - 2981:8; 2985:17; 3010:4; 3011:5-7; 3014:9; disturbed [3] - 3134:4; Donna [2] - 2978:10 2986:8; 3088:14; 3174:9; 3037:25; 3039:3; 3058:10; 3242:24; 3277:10 doped [1] - 3277:2 3186:14; 3203:22; 3206:3; 3078:2; 3079:4; 3175:25; diversion [6] - 3016:3; double [2] - 3225:25; 3218:17; 3219:17, 25; 3298:20; 3322:16 3279:9, 22; 3280:4, 7; 3274:18 3220:20; 3221:3; 3222:18, Director [1] - 3096:14 3283:13 double-barrel [1] - 3274:18 24; 3226:5, 10; 3227:2; Directorate [2] - 3096:15; Diversity [2] - 3129:14; double-check [1] - 3225:25 3230:4, 22, 24; 3233:21; 3194:11 3132:4 doubt [2] - 3161:1; 3235:6 3237:20; 3241:22; 3253:2; dirty [1] - 3048:16 diversity [2] - 3130:1; doubts [1] - 3272:22 3254:4, 25; 3256:23; disagree [6] - 3163:5; 3132:15 DOUG [2] - 2981:15; 3089:3 3257:11; 3278:20; 3279:8, 3164:15, 19; 3244:13, 16; divide [2] - 3210:7; 3262:25 Doug [1] - 3099:5 11, 17; 3280:1; 3281:21; 3273:11 divided [2] - 2994:24; 2995:4 Dowdeswell [2] - 3247:17 3282:15; 3283:1, 7, 14; disappointing [1] - 3014:12 Division [3] - 3048:21; down [22] - 2992:23; 3288:2, 17, 21, 24-25; disbelieve [1] - 3181:2 3099:21; 3101:3 3001:12; 3009:25; 3011:2, 3289:7, 13 discharge [3] - 3264:18; division [4] - 3037:17; 13; 3022:9; 3025:2; DFO's [11] - 3103:3; 3219:16; 3322:4, 16 3177:3; 3197:19; 3198:10 3029:1; 3040:19; 3048:22, 3221:3, 7; 3222:1; discipline [1] - 3173:14 DO [2] - 2986:6; 3261:8 25; 3075:14; 3116:21; 3234:19; 3279:3, 6; disciplines [1] - 3174:21 DOCUMENT [2] - 2983:6; 3183:11; 3188:19; 3202:7; 3280:12, 25; 3281:11 discounted [4] - 3043:19; 3107:20 3225:6; 3254:18; 3255:1, dialogue [5] - 3059:5; 3080:13; 3081:25 document [46] - 2996:23; 25; 3261:21; 3327:7 3061:10; 3063:16; discover [1] - 3196:15 2997:2, 11, 13; 3000:2; download [1] - 3258:22 3085:21; 3312:13 discretion [1] - 3294:16 3024:8; 3065:14; 3070:6, downstream [4] - 3203:13; Diane [1] - 3058:18 discuss [5] - 3020:12; 8, 25; 3071:23; 3072:1, 3204:6; 3227:24; 3233:2 dibenzothiophenes [1] - 3166:19; 3255:4; 3257:8; 19-20; 3083:23; 3093:18; Downsview [1] - 3099:21 3189:19 3266:3 3107:16; 3108:2; 3118:17; DR [2] - 2986:3; 3261:4 died [1] - 3010:24 discussed [5] - 3187:24; 3130:5; 3138:10; 3143:16, Dr [44] - 2999:6; 3091:12; difference [4] - 2996:15; 3197:4; 3261:15; 3266:1; 19; 3144:7, 14, 16; 3097:10, 12; 3098:9, 11, 3019:16; 3084:15; 3322:15 3320:23 3152:15, 20; 3153:12, 16, 19, 21, 24; 3099:2, 5, 7, differences [2] - 2996:4; discussing [2] - 3076:23; 19; 3162:11; 3167:10, 13, 20, 22; 3101:1, 15, 17, 3269:19 3230:10 17, 20; 3170:1, 3; 3182:12; 20-21; 3102:2, 5; 3111:4; different [32] - 2996:11; discussion [18] - 2999:9; 3218:24; 3219:7; 3221:2, 3115:19; 3139:22; 2999:2; 3005:22; 3022:2; 3013:4; 3022:23; 3049:18; 6; 3239:9; 3290:17 3158:19; 3160:21; 3027:11; 3044:18; 3067:4, 3069:13; 3080:15; 3083:7; documented [3] - 3012:14; 3180:12; 3184:4; 3186:19; 8; 3068:6; 3078:9; 3113:22; 3122:24; 3167:1; 3095:5; 3200:24 3187:15; 3188:20; 3083:16; 3086:4; 3109:1; 3226:22, 24; 3255:12; documents [8] - 3065:17; 3199:24; 3202:12; 3214:7; 3124:25; 3172:13; 3213:4, 3279:16; 3288:9; 3313:11; 3066:4, 19; 3083:15; 3248:13; 3260:1, 22; 6; 3214:19; 3216:12, 14, 3318:22; 3323:11 3093:7; 3163:20; 3239:5 3263:15, 21; 3264:11; 20; 3244:12; 3259:5; discussions [10] - 3041:20; domestic [1] - 3040:25 3275:3 3265:18; 3266:21; 3043:1, 12; 3051:5; dominance [1] - 3129:10 Draft [1] - 3230:6 3268:16; 3269:2; 3279:24; 3082:12; 3175:13; 3289:2, dominant [2] - 3078:15; draft [8] - 3042:19; 3083:14; 3282:3; 3284:2; 3314:21 6; 3299:12; 3312:14 3128:23 3153:16; 3165:5, 23; difficult [11] - 3070:3; disparate [1] - 3246:17 dominated [3] - 3127:10, 12, 3166:23; 3167:5; 3272:14 3085:9; 3108:17; 3109:3; disposal [1] - 3101:24 19 drafting [1] - 3166:24 3142:3; 3165:2; 3236:24; dispossessed [2] - 3043:24; Don [2] - 2977:18; 2978:21 drainage [1] - 3207:7 3245:21; 3305:15; 3322:21 3052:22 done [52] - 2996:16; 3003:9; drained [1] - 3063:21 difficulty [1] - 3086:20 dispossession [1] - 3084:24 3004:13; 3009:22; 3018:9; dramatic [1] - 3122:19 digitally [1] - 3059:21 dissected [1] - 3036:10 3028:19, 21; 3030:5; drastic [2] - 3109:23; 3111:1 Dilay [4] - 2977:3; 3088:1; dissertation [1] - 2991:16 3031:8; 3036:2; 3061:9; draw [2] - 2994:16; 2999:18 3104:5, 15 dissociate [1] - 3274:12 3108:10; 3109:5; 3111:25; drawdown [5] - 3136:4; diluted [2] - 3188:12, 15 distinct [3] - 3035:5, 10; 3112:2; 3128:21; 3131:9; 3296:24; 3297:6; 3298:21; DINNER [1] - 2982:14 3049:2 3148:6; 3150:10, 19; 3299:2 dinner [2] - 3262:13; 3263:6 distinction [2] - 3003:13; 3155:9; 3157:6; 3161:20; drawn [1] - 3020:19 direct [10] - 3059:5; 3066:15; 3075:5 3164:3, 16; 3180:4; drier [3] - 3171:3, 14, 17 3079:21; 3086:12; distinguish [1] - 3074:9 3197:23; 3202:10; drive [1] - 3045:5 3090:14; 3294:25; distinguishing [1] - 3074:13 3206:19; 3210:5, 10; Drive [1] - 2976:24 3295:11; 3296:12; 3300:19 distribution [2] - 3243:8; 3214:2, 9; 3224:10; driven [1] - 3143:6 directed [1] - 3154:2 3307:21 3249:23; 3272:16; driver [1] - 3213:22 direction [7] - 3083:5; distributions [2] - 3269:1 3273:19; 3276:23; drivers [1] - 3269:18
Realtime Connection - the Realtime EXPERTS - [email protected] 15 Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion, Fort McKay, Alberta - Volume 13
drop [2] - 3284:16, 25 20; 3311:14, 18; 3312:3; 3218:18; 3219:18; 3315:9 3177:6, 8; 3185:5, 20; droplet [1] - 3184:10 3313:6, 9 effort.. [1] - 3159:14 3270:20, 23; 3271:2, 20; dropped [1] - 3053:16 Economic [1] - 3042:15 efforts [3] - 3147:24; 3148:3; 3272:2, 6, 20; 3273:6, 22, dropping [1] - 3019:19 economics [2] - 3221:18 3252:4 24; 3274:7, 12, 20; 3275:7, Ducharme [9] - 3001:22; ecosite [3] - 3125:2; 3128:22 eggs [2] - 3187:4; 3201:1 14, 20 3002:2, 14, 16; 3003:6, 11; ecosystem [10] - 3127:11; EGGS [2] - 2983:18; 3201:16 emitted [8] - 3164:24; 3011:9; 3025:14 3235:5, 10, 12; 3236:3; Eggs [1] - 3199:22 3184:13, 16; 3185:25; Ducharme's [1] - 3002:25 3240:25; 3282:7; 3286:15; EIA [9] - 3008:3; 3105:15, 19, 3271:25; 3273:20; 3274:4 due [2] - 3015:23; 3170:4 3303:1 24; 3109:7; 3110:4; employed [1] - 3151:2 Duncan [2] - 3042:13, 22 Ecosystem [1] - 3225:9 3234:15; 3275:13, 16 employee [1] - 3019:7 Duncanson [4] - 2978:2; ecosystems [4] - 3125:2; EIAs [2] - 3105:11; 3108:10 employees [1] - 3033:15 3055:17; 3066:24; 3073:21 3240:4, 7, 23 eight [4] - 3043:22; 3212:14; employing [1] - 3231:1 DUNCANSON [10] - 2980:19; edible [1] - 3286:6 3285:4; 3302:2 employment [1] - 3037:25 3055:18, 24-25; 3057:6, editorial [1] - 3033:15 EIS [1] - 3194:19 enable [4] - 3135:3; 3314:12; 10; 3064:25; 3066:25; Edmond [6] - 3001:22; either [13] - 3001:1, 18; 3317:11 3067:12; 3073:19 3002:2, 14, 16; 3003:6; 3009:12; 3054:4; 3061:12; enabling [1] - 3315:21 during [11] - 3048:16; 3025:14 3075:7; 3080:22; 3083:12; enacted [3] - 3130:7; 3097:8; 3115:23; 3116:5; Edmonton [8] - 3091:10; 3176:4; 3184:9, 19; 3131:15; 3132:2 3130:11; 3140:2, 6; 3094:21; 3097:12, 20; 3186:1; 3299:2 enacting [1] - 3167:14 3232:25; 3293:1; 3322:16 3100:1; 3121:8, 11; 3193:9 elaborate [1] - 3128:17 Enbridge [1] - 3043:11 dust [2] - 3184:12, 15 education [3] - 2991:2; elaborating [1] - 3224:9 encompasses [1] - 3292:11 dust-like [1] - 3184:15 3054:18, 21 Elder [1] - 3029:16 encompassing [1] - 3313:18 duties [1] - 3322:4 effect [8] - 3191:2; 3210:7, Elders [9] - 3045:17; encourage [3] - 3031:24; duty [1] - 3119:23 13; 3215:22; 3228:12; 3058:14; 3061:9, 15; 3041:18; 3254:17 dynamic [2] - 3117:21; 3229:19; 3243:4 3072:25; 3096:12; end [16] - 3016:5; 3040:12; 3118:4 effective [9] - 3137:20; 3100:24; 3102:13; 3103:7 3075:1; 3102:23; 3151:5; 3149:8, 24; 3150:1, 4, 14, Elders' [1] - 3061:7 3156:17; 3158:24; E 16; 3173:23; 3235:6 elections [1] - 3085:13 3175:16; 3199:8, 11; effectiveness [7] - 3123:25; electricity [1] - 3163:16 3215:9; 3231:14; 3248:2; 3138:5; 3229:12; 3231:7; electronically [1] - 3086:21 3257:14; 3298:15 E&P [1] - 2979:8 3238:20; 3305:17; 3315:24 elemental [3] - 3184:21; endorse [1] - 3282:16 e) [2] - 3023:1; 3026:21 Effects [3] - 3099:8; 3238:10 3185:7, 9 ends [3] - 3231:7; 3286:4; E-10 [1] - 2976:7 effects [81] - 2997:16; elements [3] - 3016:2; 3323:6 e-mail [2] - 3094:7; 3153:15 3064:4; 3113:4, 7; 3114:5, 3138:3; 3250:7 ENERGY [4] - 2976:3, 6, 11; Eamon [2] - 2978:7; 3278:10 22; 3119:18; 3120:9; elevated [9] - 3227:10; 2977:9 early [10] - 3028:20; 3065:19; 3124:1; 3125:16; 3126:3, 3229:17; 3230:16; Energy [5] - 2992:17; 3084:25; 3092:19; 3190:3; 7; 3133:1, 9, 13, 16-17; 3232:24; 3233:18; 3203:12; 3289:20; 3290:2 3191:16; 3192:20; 3266:1; 3134:10, 13, 17-18; 3234:23; 3235:8, 13; Energy's [1] - 3203:16 3320:2, 8 3136:3, 17; 3142:15; 3284:24 enforce [2] - 3041:3; 3308:10 [1] easier - 3143:25 3143:5; 3144:24; 3145:3, elevated" [1] - 3234:25 enforceable [3] - 3308:23; [1] easiest - 3056:11 10, 13; 3149:13, 21, 23; Elford [1] - 2978:9 3309:2; 3310:18 easily [3] - 3084:22; 3277:15, 3150:10, 17; 3169:6, 17; eliciting [1] - 3118:19 enforced [1] - 3310:9 19 3174:4; 3203:13; 3204:11, eloquently [1] - 3003:2 enforcement [9] - 3308:10; eastern [10] - 2991:23; 15; 3205:8; 3207:1; elsewhere [3] - 3044:12; 3310:4; 3321:18, 25; 3076:24; 3126:18; 3208:14; 3209:10; 3091:14; 3141:11 3322:3, 12, 20; 3323:1, 11 3146:17; 3147:5, 9, 20, 25; 3211:12; 3212:3; 3213:16; Elsie [1] - 3058:18 enforcing [1] - 3306:12 3243:9 3217:12; 3219:21; 3234:6; elucidate [1] - 3172:15 engage [8] - 2993:12; easy [1] - 3085:2 3239:22; 3240:3, 10, 13; embark [1] - 3130:18 2999:9; 3014:16; 3019:9; eat [1] - 3235:22 3241:19; 3246:19; 3251:4; emergency [1] - 3094:20 3040:23; 3042:4; 3083:11; EBF [6] - 2985:17; 3223:2; 3255:14, 16-17; 3267:8, Emission [1] - 3272:12 3095:12 3224:7; 3225:21; 3226:5, 15; 3296:17, 23; 3297:5; emission [5] - 3185:13; engaged [8] - 3041:2; 10 3304:9, 11; 3305:6; 3186:4; 3271:3, 6; 3274:15 3042:10, 12; 3045:13; ec [1] - 3042:25 3311:8; 3313:16, 24; EMISSIONS [2] - 2985:4; 3051:19, 22; 3055:3 EC [4] - 2981:11; 3088:19; 3314:11; 3315:21; 3318:6, 3177:16 engagement [2] - 3017:8; 3155:17; 3159:3 13, 23; 3324:8 emissions [45] - 3163:1, 21; 3095:5 EC's [2] - 3111:14; 3306:15 EFFECTS [2] - 2984:4; 3164:10, 12, 20-21, 24; engagements [1] - 3083:13 ec-dev [1] - 3042:25 3238:16 3165:7, 11, 16, 20, 25; engineers [3] - 3296:3; efficiency [1] - 3254:23 Ecological [3] - 3115:24; 3166:6, 14, 17; 3167:15; 3297:1; 3302:22 efficient [1] - 3110:13 3223:3; 3224:5 3168:6, 22; 3169:2, 7; engines [1] - 3185:18 effort [5] - 3159:2; 3160:2; economic [8] - 3042:5, 10, 3175:20; 3176:1, 5-6; English [1] - 3153:17
Realtime Connection - the Realtime EXPERTS - [email protected] 16 Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion, Fort McKay, Alberta - Volume 13
ensure [15] - 3042:23; 23; 3292:11, 20; 3294:2, erased [1] - 3002:21 3012:11; 3014:24; 3015:2; 3043:2; 3053:12; 3054:23; 22; 3295:4, 17, 20; ERCB [7] - 2976:4; 2977:9, 3020:1; 3021:22; 3026:2, 3112:20; 3113:5; 3220:22; 3296:20; 3297:8, 14; 13; 2980:23; 2981:4; 4; 3032:3; 3065:23; 3233:3; 3281:6, 13, 24; 3298:5; 3299:5, 10; 3005:20; 3074:1 3066:5, 15; 3067:22; 3284:16; 3308:2, 13; 3301:9; 3302:11, 18; Erin [1] - 2977:17 3071:16; 3087:11; 3090:7, 3310:13 3304:14; 3305:12; 3306:1, Ernie [1] - 3029:16 12, 15; 3091:1; 3094:6; ensuring [1] - 3317:9 3, 11, 21, 25; 3307:15, 18; err [1] - 3274:23 3095:3, 14, 18; 3096:7; entail [1] - 3166:3 3308:1, 13; 3311:1; errors [1] - 2995:2 3100:13; 3101:13, 18, 23; entangled [1] - 3113:18 3312:24; 3315:25; 3320:9, Eskimos [1] - 3048:13 3102:6; 3103:22; 3104:2; entered [4] - 3040:5, 14; 11; 3321:7, 9-10, 15; especially [3] - 2993:20; 3113:20; 3118:16; 3121:6; 3042:2; 3044:11 3322:11 3066:7; 3217:15 3124:22, 24; 3137:6; ENTERTAINED [2] - 2986:6; environmental [43] - 3101:8; Esq [9] - 2977:7, 10; 2978:2, 3138:25; 3142:23; 3261:9 3102:22, 25; 3114:22; 7, 9, 13, 23; 2979:3 3163:19; 3172:21; 3173:1; entertained [1] - 3261:2 3125:17; 3126:4; 3136:13; essence [1] - 3000:4 3175:3; 3193:21; 3194:2; 3218:6, 10; 3224:15; entities [1] - 3254:19 3146:2; 3173:19; 3174:4; essential [1] - 3281:18 3263:21; 3275:18; entitled [5] - 3145:19; 3195:9; 3205:21; 3219:20; essentially [2] - 3111:6; 3167:10; 3169:23; 3237:12; 3239:22; 3202:8 3290:16; 3323:14 3240:10, 13, 18; 3241:10, EVIDENCE [4] - 2980:8; 3179:24; 3247:19 establish [2] - 3073:5; Entitled [1] - 2998:3 13, 19; 3242:4, 7-9; 3236:25 2983:8; 2988:14; 3119:3 3243:1, 14-15; 3251:22; exact [2] - 3158:20; 3277:8 ENTITLED [2] - 2983:6; ESTABLISHED [1] - 2976:1 3252:19; 3255:16; 3260:9; exactly [12] - 3063:17; 3107:20 established [8] - 3077:8; 3292:15; 3303:3; 3311:14, entrenchment [2] - 3034:25; 3189:14; 3223:4, 13, 23; 3070:9; 3082:13; 3116:13; 18; 3312:3; 3313:7; 3049:4 3225:19; 3245:4; 3251:20 3168:14; 3170:15; 3316:5; 3317:10; 3318:6 3186:11; 3206:19; envelopes [1] - 3054:1 establishes [1] - 3144:23 Environmental [48] - 2979:1; 3216:22; 3218:20; ENVIRONMENT [12] - estimate [4] - 3160:16; 2993:18, 24; 2995:6, 13; 3232:19; 3289:5 2981:11; 2983:15; 2985:9, 3208:6; 3271:1; 3274:11 2996:2, 19; 2997:18; EXAMINATION [13] - 2980:9, 21-22; 3088:19; 3172:6; estimated [2] - 3190:7; 3023:4; 3030:6; 3091:17; 17; 2982:2, 7, 9, 12, 17; 3178:9; 3256:18 3272:3 3096:14; 3097:19; 3101:1, 2989:20; 3055:21; environment [11] - 3113:7; estimates [5] - 3102:8; 3, 6; 3103:10; 3105:4; 3104:13; 3123:15; 3172:9; 3114:4, 10; 3116:16; 3121:5; 3161:20; 3271:19; 3108:19; 3112:19, 25; 3278:4 3210:21, 25; 3234:5; 3274:15 3114:17; 3136:15; examination [9] - 3065:12; 3239:25; 3249:7; 3282:11; et [5] - 3024:13; 3068:18; 3143:23; 3144:3, 8; 3068:4, 8; 3090:14, 20; 3315:17 3069:14; 3109:18; 3189:1 3154:5; 3162:12; 3182:6; 3118:25; 3130:11, 14; Environment [128] - 2987:9; evaluate [4] - 3159:3; 3194:8, 10; 3196:3, 8; 3131:8 3090:7; 3092:3; 3096:10, 3160:4; 3210:6; 3296:7 3205:10; 3213:12; 3215:5; examine [4] - 3066:13; 15, 19, 21; 3097:2, 6; evaluated [7] - 3000:17; 3222:23; 3234:10; 3067:2; 3087:6; 3201:21 3100:13, 16; 3104:1; 3128:21; 3135:23; 3238:10; 3244:19; examined [1] - 2999:25 3133:19; 3138:18; 3139:7, 3151:19; 3152:1; 3232:21 3247:20; 3267:6; 3275:9; examines [1] - 3038:21 9, 19; 3141:22; 3144:5, 10; evaluates [1] - 3305:4 3298:18; 3308:24; examining [1] - 3000:1 3151:15; 3152:15; 3154:2, evaluating [2] - 3224:25; 3309:18; 3310:17, 23 example [43] - 3002:9, 11; 20, 22; 3156:4; 3158:5, 12; 3293:3 ENVIRONMENTAL [9] - 3012:4; 3018:25; 3025:17; 3160:3; 3161:7, 15; evaluation [7] - 2993:2; 2976:5, 9; 2977:6; 3028:9; 3031:4; 3037:24; 3162:8; 3163:20; 3168:9; 2994:1; 2997:16; 3226:5; 2983:13; 2984:4, 6; 3039:7; 3040:4; 3051:9; 3169:4, 16, 23; 3170:11, 3282:21; 3305:8 3162:18; 3238:16; 3248:10 3062:14, 20; 3068:12; 15, 18; 3172:3, 20; 3173:8; EVALUATION [4] - 2983:22; environmentally [1] - 3072:8; 3079:10; 3111:9, 3174:2; 3178:2; 3179:19, 2985:17; 3226:9; 3238:1 3257:21 11; 3112:8; 3134:2; 23; 3180:18; 3181:3; Evaluation [4] - 3222:23; environments [1] - 3227:25 3135:15; 3136:1, 4, 7; 3186:22; 3191:13; 3223:8; 3224:1; 3237:21 3193:12, 16; 3194:3, 9; Environments [1] - 3238:21 3143:8; 3182:6, 14; evaporates [1] - 3000:17 3196:21; 3198:12; EPEA [2] - 3156:7; 3157:3 3185:19; 3191:14; evening [6] - 3033:23; equal [2] - 3069:12; 3134:3 3198:25; 3242:13; 3199:15; 3201:6; 3212:18, 3121:14; 3262:15; 3263:2, equals [1] - 3070:14 3243:10, 17; 3270:11; 25; 3215:14; 3220:21; 10; 3278:9 3230:25; 3237:8; 3238:7; equate [1] - 3109:4 3280:1; 3283:19; 3294:16; event [7] - 3151:12, 14; 3241:16; 3243:18, 20; equates [1] - 3108:25 3295:11; 3296:9; 3297:10; 3263:18, 23; 3291:8; 3244:3, 17; 3245:12; equation [1] - 3161:13 3306:3; 3322:17 3300:17 3246:14; 3247:12; equilibrium [1] - 3287:4 examples [2] - 3005:23; everywhere [1] - 3070:2 3249:10; 3252:13; 3253:2, equipment [1] - 3184:14 3171:9 evidence [61] - 2988:3; 9; 3255:21; 3259:3, 10; equitable [1] - 3248:23 exceedances [1] - 3099:9 2994:13; 2996:14; 3261:19; 3265:25; 3266:5; equivalency [1] - 3135:24 exceeded [2] - 3109:23; 2998:19, 24; 2999:18; 3272:18; 3291:15, 17, 19, equivalent [2] - 3084:9, 12 3110:25 3000:18; 3002:12;
Realtime Connection - the Realtime EXPERTS - [email protected] 17 Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion, Fort McKay, Alberta - Volume 13
except [3] - 3043:22; Expansion [8] - 3060:18; extended [1] - 3286:21 3011:11, 17 3090:15; 3131:5 3062:4; 3063:11, 22; extends [4] - 3024:25; failed [2] - 3049:7; 3237:19 excerpt [5] - 3071:6; 3101:5; 3108:4; 3186:6; 3025:2; 3076:22; 3077:9 failing [1] - 3163:3 3093:17; 3105:18; 3247:9 extensively [1] - 3066:13 failure [2] - 3047:18; 3240:12 3117:17; 3172:2 EXPANSION [1] - 2976:1 extent [6] - 3029:3; 3127:9; fair [55] - 3002:23; 3019:23; EXCERPT [4] - 2983:5, 8; expansion [1] - 3079:3 3250:10; 3281:13; 3304:4; 3030:4; 3056:15; 3058:25; 3093:23; 3119:3 Expansion.. [1] - 2998:12 3322:13 3061:18, 22-23; 3062:5; excerpts [2] - 3091:22; expect [7] - 3160:17; externally [1] - 3081:13 3063:14; 3073:13; 3221:25 3165:23; 3230:15, 17; extinction [3] - 3109:24; 3109:13; 3114:11; excess [1] - 3039:19 3286:10; 3287:10, 15 3111:1; 3115:9 3118:23; 3120:7; 3126:18; excited [1] - 3027:17 expectation [2] - 3286:18; extinguished [1] - 3047:7 3129:5, 9; 3130:6; exclusive [2] - 3150:24; 3288:24 extirpation [2] - 3111:13; 3139:19; 3150:13; 3159:8; 3314:15 expecting [1] - 3149:2 3114:13 3160:12, 15; 3169:4, 15; EXCUSED [2] - 2981:5; expeditiously [4] - 3088:4; extracts [1] - 3161:7 3173:15; 3182:8, 17; 3087:15 3089:25; 3162:2; 3254:20 extraordinarily [2] - 3014:12; 3196:4; 3197:15; 3207:6; excused [1] - 3087:13 expensive [1] - 3013:11 3030:15 3208:4; 3212:24; 3217:19; exercise [1] - 3306:23 experience [6] - 2991:2; extreme [2] - 3114:13; 3220:24; 3223:6; 3229:4, exerts [1] - 3025:24 2994:21; 3075:15; 3148:4, 3115:9 18, 21; 3235:18, 25; Exhibit [16] - 2990:23; 17 extremely [3] - 3111:15; 3246:4; 3292:18; 3297:2; 2996:20; 2998:5; 3012:12; experienced [1] - 3285:17 3258:1, 4 3315:24; 3317:18; 3020:9; 3059:23; 3061:1; experiences [1] - 3299:5 eye [4] - 3143:8; 3317:3; 3318:14; 3319:13 3070:17; 3110:8; 3123:20; expert [11] - 2994:9; 3321:15; 3322:11 fairly [4] - 2993:10; 3019:4; 3177:25; 3178:15; 3016:12; 3090:8; 3096:21; eyes [1] - 3000:13 3043:12; 3059:13 3193:17; 3203:7; 3264:10; 3097:6; 3101:17; 3102:4; fairness [3] - 3067:20, 24; 3279:4 3200:6; 3214:8; 3228:14, F 3317:13 EXHIBIT [30] - 2983:3, 5-6, 8, 23 fall [4] - 3046:17; 3106:23; 10-11, 13, 15, 17, 20-21; expertise [15] - 2991:19; 3293:13; 3321:22 2984:3, 5, 8; 2985:8; 3090:17; 3173:6, 14; face [1] - 2987:16 fall-back [1] - 3046:17 3087:24; 3093:23; 3174:12; 3195:24; facets [1] - 3246:2 fallback [1] - 3049:11 3107:20; 3119:3; 3152:25; 3224:23; 3229:22; facilitate [1] - 3121:23 familiar [24] - 3033:1; 3153:6; 3162:17; 3172:6; 3230:21; 3234:12; 3256:8; facilities [5] - 3100:12; 3078:17; 3105:15; 3178:7; 3201:14; 3222:12; 3290:4; 3295:22; 3296:1; 3101:25; 3169:8; 3188:24; 3110:19; 3167:11-13, 3237:25; 3238:15; 3248:8; 3302:24 3295:12 17-18; 3170:14; 3176:1, 3, 3262:2 experts [16] - 2999:5; facility [5] - 3260:6, 12; 17, 19, 21; 3180:14; exhibit [26] - 2990:24; 3000:25; 3001:15; 3321:21; 3322:15 3199:24; 3200:12; 2998:4; 3026:22; 3057:4, 3016:13; 3018:22; facility-specific [3] - 3260:6, 3222:20; 3237:10, 18; 8, 11; 3059:16; 3064:18, 3100:10; 3173:9; 3175:8; 12 3238:25; 3253:21 24; 3087:20; 3092:1, 23; 3194:17, 22; 3195:4; fact [40] - 2998:21; 3001:25; familiarity [4] - 3063:25; 3105:19; 3107:17; 3200:10, 16; 3285:3; 3002:17; 3007:4, 7; 3176:15; 3180:11; 3253:24 3118:14, 17; 3152:8; 3302:22 3017:12; 3023:20; 3025:5; families [9] - 3011:18; 3162:11; 3201:11; explain [9] - 3010:3; 3020:4; 3042:25; 3043:5; 3046:6; 3014:1; 3022:3; 3026:11, 3237:22; 3238:5; 3248:5; 3034:5; 3092:7; 3133:23; 3049:10; 3056:3, 18; 14; 3027:11; 3029:9, 13 3261:24; 3290:11; 3141:6; 3142:22; 3189:18; 3057:6; 3059:9; 3062:2; family [26] - 3002:25; 3003:7; 3318:24; 3319:2 3252:6 3077:2; 3087:5; 3092:19; 3004:1, 8-9, 14, 17; exhibits [3] - 2993:15; explained [2] - 3001:10; 3113:15; 3121:9; 3131:6, 3006:20; 3007:4, 23; 3067:4; 3086:18 3068:7 20; 3132:12; 3155:24; 3010:18; 3011:9, 11, 16, EXHIBITS [2] - 2983:1; explaining [2] - 3005:14; 3173:24; 3195:7; 3197:7; 20; 3012:3, 13, 24; 2984:1 3010:19 3199:4; 3225:22; 3229:25; 3022:15; 3025:14; exist [8] - 3000:15; 3015:5; explains [1] - 3002:1 3245:11, 25; 3276:18; 3031:20; 3094:20 3031:2; 3082:10; 3112:6; explanation [1] - 3006:19 3301:4; 3312:7; 3315:1; family's [2] - 3009:17; 3013:8 3321:23; 3322:8 3242:20; 3249:8; 3283:24 explicit [2] - 3315:1, 4 far [19] - 3005:18; 3009:10; factor [2] - 3074:13; 3271:12 existed [1] - 3017:9 explicitly [2] - 3312:3; 3053:8; 3076:3; 3093:1; existence [4] - 3025:17; 3314:20 factored [1] - 3301:1 3097:10; 3166:24; 3179:1; factoring [1] - 3123:7 3026:1; 3077:2; 3281:10 explored [2] - 3006:1; 3298:9 3180:21; 3216:9; 3217:3; [7] existent [1] - 3013:21 exponentially [1] - 3183:24 factors - 3236:24; 3229:13; 3235:3; 3267:18; 3266:17; 3271:3, 6; existing [6] - 3063:3; express [4] - 3014:8, 21; 3268:10; 3282:22; 3284:4; 3142:13; 3204:23; 3017:4, 13 3290:24; 3313:19; 3316:7 3290:14; 3321:16 facts [6] - 2999:14; 3001:17; 3231:25; 3232:3; 3283:19 expressed [6] - 3016:18, farm [2] - 3010:20, 23 exists [3] - 3005:4; 3091:11; 22-23; 3117:4; 3254:2; 3014:6; 3018:7, 12 father [2] - 3003:9; 3010:20 3242:10 3285:6 Faichney [3] - 3006:16; feasible [1] - 3013:25
Realtime Connection - the Realtime EXPERTS - [email protected] 18 Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion, Fort McKay, Alberta - Volume 13
feature [1] - 3260:23 3103:3; 3195:1 firstly [1] - 3095:2 flight [1] - 3062:15 FEATURE [2] - 2986:4; filed [14] - 2990:21; 3032:5; fish [72] - 3015:18; 3040:24; flip [3] - 3023:15; 3033:13; 3261:5 3065:21; 3076:15; 3090:7; 3187:5, 10; 3188:16; 3071:25 February [4] - 3053:18; 3091:2; 3094:7; 3096:7; 3203:2, 13, 18; 3206:5; flipped [1] - 3071:11 3199:23; 3221:12; 3246:10 3098:5; 3103:23; 3104:2; 3208:1, 23; 3209:2, 4, 6, 9, Flook [1] - 2979:4 Federal [30] - 3037:23; 3175:4; 3218:10; 3312:11 12, 21, 24; 3211:12, 16; FLOW [2] - 2983:22; 3238:1 3038:2, 4, 12-13; 3042:4, files [4] - 3030:22, 24; 3212:3; 3215:3; 3221:17; Flow [4] - 3223:3; 3224:5; 12; 3043:10, 25; 3044:3, 6; 3031:1 3227:10, 17-18, 21-22; 3225:9, 11 3048:4, 12, 20; 3052:18; fill [1] - 3325:5 3229:2, 15; 3230:19; flow [21] - 3052:8; 3110:2; 3084:16; 3094:10; filling [1] - 3286:25 3231:3, 25; 3232:2, 5, 3204:22; 3207:18, 20; 3131:15; 3132:1; 3147:4; final [13] - 3038:23; 3107:4; 14-15; 3233:3, 8, 12, 16; 3208:21; 3212:13; 3148:11, 14, 23; 3154:6; 3121:6, 24; 3122:8, 17; 3235:3, 8, 12, 14, 17; 3215:13; 3216:3, 14-15; 3162:13; 3163:3; 3167:9, 3153:15; 3162:22; 3167:4; 3236:13, 18; 3237:1; 3217:9, 22; 3218:7, 18; 20; 3243:18; 3253:9 3169:21; 3259:13; 3280:6, 19, 22; 3281:3; 3223:4, 12, 17, 23; federal [13] - 3130:6; 3272:15; 3274:16 3282:10, 17; 3284:6, 18, 3225:19 3141:18; 3146:1; 3147:8, finalized [1] - 3156:21 20; 3285:25; 3286:5; Flows [1] - 3222:23 10, 12, 14, 21; 3158:2; finally [7] - 2997:8; 2998:1; 3287:3, 11, 15; 3320:14 flows [5] - 3083:12; 3117:20; 3165:17; 3240:8 3014:18; 3045:17; 3100:4; fish-bearing [1] - 3320:14 3210:20; 3215:14; 3258:20 FEDERAL [4] - 2983:14; 3102:1; 3103:5 fishable [1] - 3286:17 flux [2] - 3190:5 2985:20; 3162:19; 3256:17 financing [1] - 3047:25 fished [1] - 2998:10 fly [1] - 3141:10 Federal/Provincial [1] - findings [6] - 3029:4; fisheries [4] - 3205:19; flycatcher [1] - 3143:9 3260:24 3092:20; 3180:23; 3236:13; 3242:19; 3255:19 flying [1] - 3055:9 FEDERAL/PROVINCIAL [2] - 3244:18; 3321:16 Fisheries [23] - 3090:6; focus [3] - 2999:13; 3083:4; 2986:4; 3261:6 fine [4] - 3047:14; 3087:3; 3102:12, 15-16, 20; 3307:5 Federation [4] - 3036:21; 3127:5; 3192:23 3174:10; 3194:3; 3197:16, focused [5] - 3022:21; 3040:11, 14; 3041:4 finish [2] - 3065:2; 3278:18 19; 3203:1; 3209:25; 3026:3; 3186:9; 3249:3; Feds [1] - 3048:14 finished [1] - 2987:20 3219:5; 3238:20; 3241:15; 3251:2 fee [1] - 3052:21 finishes [1] - 3065:12 3253:25; 3288:1, 12, 16; focusing [1] - 3218:3 feedback [1] - 3265:17 finishing [1] - 3121:6 3309:20; 3321:11, 20; focussed [1] - 3313:21 3322:5; 3323:7 Felix [1] - 3012:3 fire [1] - 3171:10 FOIP [2] - 3031:3, 7 FISHERIES [2] - 2981:8; fell [1] - 3036:11 Firebag [1] - 3004:25 folks [4] - 3008:1; 3199:6; felt [4] - 2988:25; 3012:17; fires [1] - 3171:6 3088:14 3200:20; 3230:25 fisherman [1] - 3029:21 3035:1; 3268:23 FIRM [2] - 2986:4; 3261:5 follow [23] - 3012:18; fen [18] - 3136:5, 7; 3297:6, firm [1] - 3260:23 fishery [1] - 3233:14 3050:20; 3080:10; 9, 16, 21; 3298:1, 5, 10, firmly [1] - 3256:23 fishery's [1] - 3242:23 3108:12; 3115:6; 3153:22; 16, 19, 24; 3299:2, 8, 21; first [42] - 2988:22; 2995:5; fishing [11] - 3003:8; 3155:9; 3193:12; 3202:18, 3300:3 2996:17, 23; 3000:1; 3079:23; 3227:25; 3228:1; 20; 3204:9, 14, 19; 3205:6, few [25] - 2995:2; 3005:15; 3020:24; 3022:2; 3023:11; 3232:16; 3279:12; 3280:8, 9; 3306:7; 3308:25; 3007:3; 3008:13; 3025:7; 3024:4; 3035:15; 3056:14, 14; 3281:23; 3283:3, 12 3310:15, 22, 24; 3321:19, 3031:9; 3033:25; 3054:1; 21; 3068:10; 3074:4; Fishing [1] - 3063:6 23 3055:19; 3056:10; 3090:21; 3105:10; fit [3] - 3233:9; 3235:22; follow-up [15] - 3153:22; 3060:10; 3071:6; 3086:14; 3133:16; 3136:3, 16; 3313:8 3155:9; 3193:12; 3202:20; 3094:1; 3115:19; 3122:16; 3139:5; 3143:17; 3170:13, fits [1] - 3312:5 3204:9, 14, 19; 3205:6, 9; 3128:14; 3154:10; 24-25; 3172:14, 18; five [13] - 3036:23, 25; 3306:7; 3308:25; 3310:15, 3162:24; 3199:6; 3210:3; 3179:15; 3191:10; 3042:13; 3062:5; 3085:15; 22, 24 3216:12; 3219:14; 3246:7; 3218:11; 3220:8; 3231:9, 3088:1; 3093:20; 3162:2; followed [2] - 3133:16; 3279:6 11, 22; 3248:18; 3251:16; 3188:23; 3190:22; 3149:13 fewer [2] - 3009:2; 3179:13 3275:22; 3276:8, 18; 3262:11; 3319:23 following [9] - 3025:5; fiddler [1] - 3003:10 3278:19; 3297:20 five-minute [1] - 3262:11 3125:21; 3127:13; 3128:4; field [6] - 3016:12; 3069:13; FIRST [2] - 2982:18; 3278:5 fix [1] - 3244:23 3210:18; 3220:8; 3231:8; 3174:12; 3176:13; First [36] - 2978:7, 11, 13, fixing [1] - 3002:4 3306:4; 3307:14 3190:22; 3197:10 16, 22; 2992:8, 10; 2993:5; flammable [1] - 3171:4 follows [3] - 3021:15; fields [1] - 3173:6 2996:5; 2997:4-6; 3000:16; fleet [12] - 3185:18, 20; 3133:15; 3139:15 fieldwork [3] - 3092:8, 20; 3007:14; 3013:19; 3270:23; 3271:2, 20; footprint [2] - 3127:22; 3193:23 3017:16, 19, 23; 3019:14; 3272:6, 19; 3273:6, 13, 21; 3281:12 fifth [1] - 3071:25 3028:21; 3035:8; 3041:7; 3274:8, 12 FOR [22] - 2983:12, 22; fifty [1] - 3270:13 3070:9, 13, 15; 3074:22; fleets [1] - 3272:2 2984:6; 2985:6, 10, 12, 20; figure [5] - 3025:20; 3196:12; 3084:2, 5; 3278:11; flexibility [5] - 3104:24; 3153:6; 3177:18; 3178:9; 3218:2; 3225:3 3288:11, 17; 3300:24; 3121:18, 25; 3122:3; 3192:11; 3238:2; 3248:9; file [4] - 2989:25; 3018:3; 3311:19; 3312:25 3295:13 3256:16
Realtime Connection - the Realtime EXPERTS - [email protected] 19 Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion, Fort McKay, Alberta - Volume 13 forage [1] - 3287:23 fortuitous [1] - 3196:15 3256:14 G force [5] - 3034:21; 3147:1; fortunately [1] - 3262:8 front [5] - 3027:1; 3091:10; 3167:5, 7; 3310:8 forum [1] - 3255:12 3132:7; 3174:8; 3225:2 forced [1] - 3022:13 forward [14] - 2987:6; front-page [1] - 3091:10 gain [1] - 3325:14 foregone [1] - 3294:7 3041:19; 3085:20; 3090:1; froth [2] - 3276:10, 14 Galosky [1] - 3058:23 forest [3] - 3134:21; 3171:3; 3093:8; 3094:23; 3095:21; frustrating [4] - 3015:9; game [1] - 3097:13 3227:9 3116:3; 3136:23; 3149:3; 3016:16; 3141:23; 3142:2 gap [1] - 3242:10 forests [2] - 3171:2, 14 3162:8; 3218:6; 3266:9; fulfill [1] - 3156:5 gaps [1] - 3325:5 forever [1] - 3254:7 3314:14 FULL [2] - 2985:13; 3192:12 garden [1] - 3032:21 forget [2] - 3238:4; 3263:15 Foundation [1] - 3247:19 full [17] - 2993:7; 3002:3; Gardiner [1] - 3063:5 form [19] - 3036:24; 3037:2; FOUNDATION [2] - 2984:6; 3006:25; 3020:16; Gardiner-Namur [1] - 3063:5 3081:4; 3184:8, 10, 15, 3248:9 3151:21; 3152:3; 3160:7; Gary [1] - 2977:10 17-18, 20-21; 3185:1, 8, four [11] - 3039:13; 3047:15, 3179:24; 3180:6; 3191:11; gas [16] - 3163:1; 3165:20, 21; 3191:22; 3259:6; 18; 3085:14; 3086:19; 3192:5; 3207:16; 3211:5; 25; 3166:6, 13-14, 23; 3280:6 3093:19; 3096:1; 3190:22; 3222:9; 3251:16 3167:15; 3168:5, 17, 19; formalize [1] - 3039:24 3264:14; 3266:17; 3309:21 fuller [2] - 3191:21, 23 3169:6, 9; 3184:9; format [3] - 3093:19; 3251:7 four-point [1] - 3039:13 fully [13] - 3014:16; 3051:18, 3277:16, 20 formed [6] - 3034:15, 18; fourth [2] - 3236:5; 3265:2 20-21; 3062:11; 3069:19; gaseous [7] - 3184:8, 18-20; 3035:10, 14; 3046:10; FOX [6] - 2981:14; 3088:25; 3182:2; 3242:12, 15; 3185:2, 9; 3186:2 3206:21 3166:12; 3168:11; 3243:6; 3265:11; 3325:8 gases [2] - 3164:25; 3184:22 former [3] - 3013:8, 18; 3175:23; 3270:25 fulsome [1] - 3192:5 gather [2] - 3231:1; 3325:1 3218:8 fox [1] - 3166:11 FULSOME [2] - 2985:13; gathered [2] - 3236:21; forms [4] - 3184:17; 3282:14, Fox [6] - 3100:4, 6; 3175:19; 3192:13 3241:4 17; 3285:19 3270:24; 3272:23 function [7] - 3196:6; Gathering [1] - 3063:6 formulated [2] - 3312:15; fragmented [2] - 3053:4; 3204:24; 3281:15; GCOSs [1] - 3007:18 3315:11 3077:24 3297:16; 3298:1, 16; gears [2] - 3146:9; 3153:21 formulating [1] - 3312:21 frame [1] - 3279:24 3299:21 genealogical [1] - 3025:11 formulation [2] - 3195:19; framed [2] - 3145:6; 3226:17 functional [4] - 3124:15; genealogy [1] - 3025:6 3315:8 Framework [13] - 3115:24; 3125:10; 3281:7, 10 GENERAL [15] - 2981:7, 24; FORT [1] - 2976:2 3138:11; 3152:8, 13; functioning [1] - 3286:22 2982:3, 8, 10, 13, 17; Fort [53] - 2976:24; 3210:19; 3211:5, 21, 24; functions [1] - 3267:4 2983:20; 3088:11; 2978:11-13, 15; 2992:8, 3220:9, 11; 3221:5; funding [8] - 2996:12; 3095:24; 3104:13; 12; 2993:4; 2997:3, 5; 3222:19; 3237:22 3047:3, 8; 3175:1, 10, 12; 3123:15; 3172:9; 3222:12; 2998:8, 13, 25; 3005:25; FRAMEWORK [2] - 2983:11; 3220:22 3278:4 3007:5, 11; 3009:24; 3153:6 funds [6] - 2994:8; 3005:7; general [28] - 3015:23; 3011:22; 3012:1, 24; framework [9] - 3116:2; 3031:16; 3068:9; 3074:14; 3037:6; 3039:6; 3051:25; 3015:12; 3017:15, 17, 3133:20; 3137:24; 3138:2; 3083:11 3052:9; 3068:21; 3085:10; 22-23, 25; 3018:11; 3167:10; 3212:1; 3218:19; funny [3] - 3000:9; 3013:13; 3099:11; 3105:10, 16; 3019:11; 3023:12; 3025:2, 3301:3; 3314:14 3161:22 3114:19; 3120:5; 3126:19; 16; 3026:4, 12, 15; frameworks [1] - 3311:7 Fur [1] - 2997:19 3128:2; 3139:18; 3168:13; 3029:17-19, 25; 3074:22; frankly [1] - 3295:24 fur [2] - 3035:7; 3079:18 3194:25; 3198:17; 3077:10; 3078:10; 3081:3; Fraser [1] - 3030:1 FURTHER [2] - 2980:9; 3207:22; 3211:23; 3121:10; 3298:9; 3323:3 Fred [1] - 3030:1 2989:20 3223:12, 15; 3240:25; forth [3] - 3045:24; 3135:24; free [1] - 3068:1 furthermore [5] - 3001:3; 3241:23; 3260:11; 3327:8 freely [1] - 3030:13 3003:23; 3011:3; 3033:14; 3287:14; 3310:15; 3323:17 Fortna [26] - 2990:19, 21, 25; French [2] - 3003:14; 3072:23 General [9] - 2978:8, 23; 2991:4; 3020:5; 3026:18, 3153:17 future [23] - 3112:21; 3040:11; 3218:25; 3219:2; 23; 3027:16; 3033:21; frequently [2] - 3177:3; 3116:18; 3130:22; 3222:2; 3224:14; 3238:12; 3056:10, 15; 3057:24; 3301:18 3142:14; 3149:1; 3205:14; 3239:3 3059:18; 3060:24; Friday [3] - 3120:25; 3216:1; 3217:3, 9, 11, 14, General's [1] - 3237:10 3067:15, 20; 3070:16; 3121:22; 3263:19 21, 25; 3270:4, 7; 3273:19; generalists [1] - 3195:4 3071:6, 16; 3073:5, 19; friend [8] - 3065:12, 14; 3280:5, 18; 3281:5, 15; generally [9] - 3020:14; 3074:4; 3080:9; 3082:22; 3066:2; 3107:25; 3110:1; 3291:7 3038:3; 3114:15; 3129:11; 3085:25; 3087:8 3113:16; 3214:18; 3290:6 Future [4] - 3247:20; 3273:9; 3173:21; 3254:1; 3259:14, FORTNA [13] - 2980:14, 16; friend's [1] - 3130:21 3274:6 17; 3317:21 2983:4; 2990:15; 2991:7; friends [5] - 3004:5; 3066:18; FUTURE [2] - 2984:6; 3248:9 generate [2] - 3230:11; 3057:15; 3068:2; 3074:11; 3094:15, 22; 3122:10 3269:1 3080:11; 3082:24; 3086:2; FROM [10] - 2983:8, 18; generated [1] - 3008:22 3087:24 2985:5, 9, 19; 3119:3; generations [1] - 3112:21 Fortna's [1] - 3087:21 3177:16; 3178:9; 3201:16; gentleman [1] - 3058:6
Realtime Connection - the Realtime EXPERTS - [email protected] 20 Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion, Fort McKay, Alberta - Volume 13
gentlemen [1] - 3086:7 3085:1, 15; 3113:25 3164:25; 3165:20, 25; 3319:19; 3320:3; 3322:9, Gentlemen [5] - 3096:12; government [26] - 3035:15, 3166:6, 13, 23; 3167:15; 25 3100:25; 3102:14; 3103:8; 18, 24; 3036:4; 3037:2, 5; 3168:5, 16, 19; 3169:6, 9 guessing [2] - 3143:17, 19 3193:5 3039:11; 3044:9, 14; GREG [2] - 2981:17; 3089:7 guidance [3] - 3051:25; Geological [2] - 3101:16, 21 3046:16; 3047:25; 3048:2, Greg [1] - 3099:13 3137:25; 3138:2 Geologist [1] - 3099:14 14; 3050:12, 14, 16; grew [1] - 3004:11 Guide [1] - 3143:21 geotechnical [1] - 3101:22 3051:10; 3052:18; Grolosky [1] - 3058:22 GUIDELINE [2] - 2983:10; Gertie [1] - 3032:1 3054:24; 3082:20; 3083:6, ground [10] - 3037:8, 13; 3153:1 Gill [1] - 2979:16 12; 3085:18; 3254:9 3074:15; 3078:1; 3079:24; guideline [2] - 3144:1; given [19] - 3067:13; 3085:5; GOVERNMENT [3] - 3081:2; 3082:4; 3246:24; 3160:24 3087:5; 3092:11, 17, 19; 2976:12; 2983:14; 3162:19 3249:22; 3323:2 Guidelines [2] - 3099:6; 3107:25; 3114:9; 3117:21; Government [41] - 3007:12; ground-truthing [1] - 3161:24 3118:4; 3130:13; 3181:25; 3012:17; 3034:9; 3037:20, 3074:15 guidelines [8] - 3052:8; 3197:22; 3201:6; 3240:6, 23; 3038:2, 4, 12-13, 24; grounded [1] - 2999:14 3054:2; 3084:4; 3235:20; 22; 3320:10; 3321:16; 3039:25; 3042:4; 3043:10; grounds [3] - 3126:21, 23; 3320:20, 24; 3321:1, 5 3322:9 3044:1, 7; 3048:4, 12; 3279:21 guides [1] - 3322:3 Gladue [1] - 3028:24 3052:18; 3081:14; groundwater [3] - 3099:16; guys [1] - 3020:1 Gladys [1] - 2977:15 3082:14; 3083:1, 18; 3101:19; 3265:4 glasses [1] - 3183:11 3132:14; 3138:19; 3139:4; group [15] - 3050:23; 3096:5; H glean [1] - 2987:17 3141:17; 3147:23; 3148:2, 3161:2, 9; 3175:8; global [1] - 3217:7 11, 23; 3154:6; 3162:4, 13; 3194:10; 3200:4, 7; habitat [84] - 3097:15; globe [1] - 3185:10 3163:11; 3164:1; 3167:9, 3223:9; 3234:9; 3254:5, 9; 14, 19 3106:8, 10, 23, 25; Globe [1] - 3290:8 3255:3; 3265:9; 3299:15 Government's [1] - 3021:24 3107:11; 3108:14, 21, goal [3] - 3000:1; 3161:23; Group [1] - 3299:14 24-25; 3109:1, 8, 21; 3325:10 government's [1] - 3141:23 group's [1] - 3029:7 government-to- 3111:10; 3112:9; 3119:12; goals [2] - 3112:18; 3282:7 groups [14] - 2978:19; government [2] - 3044:9, 3120:1; 3124:2, 10; GOING [2] - 2986:8; 3289:14 2991:22; 2993:3, 6; 14 3125:9; 3126:10-12, 16, Gold [1] - 3040:4 2994:9, 20, 22; 2996:12; governments [9] - 3035:14; 25; 3127:1, 24; 3128:3; Golder [28] - 2996:20; 3036:3; 3084:6; 3094:9; 3133:2, 19; 3135:4; 2999:4, 7; 3000:3, 11, 17, 3040:8; 3043:19; 3051:18; 3095:13; 3255:7; 3287:19 3138:7; 3141:25; 3142:14; 20; 3002:1, 9, 20; 3006:2, 3052:3; 3081:14; 3084:14; GROUPS [11] - 2980:5, 10, 3143:13; 3145:1; 3146:5; 9, 18; 3008:2, 5, 9, 16, 18; 3085:20; 3158:3 12, 18, 22; 2981:3; 3147:2, 25; 3148:17; 3009:10; 3011:10; 3012:9; Governors [1] - 3037:3 2988:12; 2989:21; 3155:2; 3203:2, 18; 3030:4; 3031:5; 3032:25; graduation [1] - 3080:2 2990:13; 3055:22; 3073:25 3206:5; 3207:13, 21; 3033:6; 3213:13; 3214:2, grammar [1] - 2995:2 growing [1] - 3004:5 3208:1, 5, 9, 22-23; 14 Grand [1] - 3043:7 growth [3] - 3124:14; 3209:2, 4, 6, 9, 12, 22, 24; grandfather [1] - 3003:11 3134:21; 3224:24 Golder's [1] - 3018:7 3211:12, 16; 3212:3; Grant [4] - 3003:25; 3028:9, guaranteed [2] - 3286:17 Golosky [2] - 3028:9, 15 3221:17; 3231:3; 3232:5, 15; 3032:8 Guertin [2] - 3032:14; Goodjohn [3] - 3033:2, 10 8-9, 11; 3233:1, 8, 12; graphics [1] - 3036:6 3062:14 Goodon [1] - 3040:17 3236:14; 3278:22; GRAPHS [2] - 2985:9; guess [61] - 3006:22; 3010:5; goodwill [1] - 3085:19 3282:17; 3284:7; 3288:3, 3178:8 3011:11; 3012:15; Googleable [1] - 2993:10 5, 18; 3295:2, 11; 3296:2; graphs [1] - 3178:1 3026:21; 3058:25; GORRIE [32] - 2982:3, 8; 3300:19; 3305:1; 3306:3; grateful [1] - 3262:10 3066:17; 3067:12; 3068:2; 3104:14, 19; 3105:2; 3324:14 grave [2] - 3005:3; 3015:22 3069:11, 21; 3074:25; 3107:15; 3108:7; 3109:16; habitat" [1] - 3296:14 grayling [4] - 3242:14; 3075:16; 3080:2; 3098:18; 3110:6; 3113:21; 3115:13, habitats [24] - 3124:11, 3243:3, 6, 9 3116:17; 3122:16; 18; 3118:23; 3119:6; 13-14, 21, 25; 3127:20; Great [1] - 3034:20 3131:19; 3132:10; 3120:12; 3123:16; 3128:2, 25; 3129:3, 11; great [13] - 2990:7; 2991:8; 3153:23; 3161:3, 12; 3130:24; 3131:3, 13; 3136:17; 3203:13; 3009:16; 3017:15, 24; 3187:15; 3189:16; 3132:1; 3141:4; 3152:6, 3204:23, 25; 3205:1; 3030:19; 3031:11; 3194:24; 3195:4; 3196:12, 13, 23; 3153:4, 9; 3162:10, 3281:6, 10, 14; 3282:12; 3124:18; 3125:4; 3144:20; 17; 3200:23; 3216:2; 21; 3171:24; 3172:4 3302:15, 20; 3303:9 3153:21; 3154:15; 3160:11 3224:10; 3227:22; Gorrie [10] - 2979:1, 6, 9, 11; HADD [3] - 3206:7; 3209:18, greater [6] - 3134:3; 3176:6; 3240:25; 3245:1, 24; 3104:11; 3105:3; 3109:14; 20 3190:14; 3205:20; 3231:9; 3246:4; 3259:24; 3269:17, 3123:13; 3141:1; 3153:10 half [6] - 3019:5, 7; 3027:23; 3285:11 25; 3280:17; 3286:17; governance [2] - 3036:19; 3045:5; 3070:10; 3262:9 greatest [2] - 3201:2; 3208:7 3293:8; 3295:19, 21; 3080:20 halfway [1] - 3163:13 Green [2] - 3077:6; 3125:20 3297:13; 3298:3; 3301:7; governing [11] - 3036:24; Hamelin [1] - 3058:18 green [1] - 3024:6 3304:3; 3313:4; 3314:22; 3037:1, 7; 3038:1; 3039:3; hampered [1] - 3251:13 3049:24; 3050:12; 3052:1; greenhouse [13] - 3163:1; 3316:14; 3318:10, 15, 17;
Realtime Connection - the Realtime EXPERTS - [email protected] 21 Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion, Fort McKay, Alberta - Volume 13
hand [8] - 3010:22; 3020:17; Hebert [3] - 3199:16; 3202:8, 2992:7, 9, 12, 25; 2995:19; hydraulic [2] - 3264:8, 15 3113:23; 3165:5; 3171:25; 24 2996:23; 2999:14; 3000:3, Hydro [1] - 3099:14 3195:23; 3293:1 held [2] - 3030:12; 3040:17 6; 3006:3; 3015:21; hydrocarbons [1] - 3276:11 handed [2] - 3239:10; Held [1] - 2976:23 3018:7; 3024:12, 20; Hydrocarbons [2] - 3187:21; 3247:11 help [9] - 2991:9; 2997:8; 3030:24; 3032:2; 3074:10; 3199:21 Hannon [3] - 3109:18; 3041:2; 3165:12; 3168:4, 3218:7 HYDROCARBONS [2] - 3110:7, 21 17; 3197:24; 3198:11; historically [2] - 3029:13; 2983:17; 3201:15 happy [5] - 3100:18; 3228:25 3217:23 hydrogeology [1] - 3101:17 3103:19; 3130:25; helped [5] - 2992:4; 3024:13, History [3] - 2991:12, 14, 16 Hydrology [1] - 3099:1 3169:22; 3226:3 18; 3172:15 history [18] - 2991:19; hypothesis [3] - 3251:2; hard [16] - 2988:24; 3023:7; helpful [12] - 3021:18; 2993:16, 20; 3000:4, 12, 3267:9, 15 3060:1; 3070:24; 3071:4, 3040:1; 3110:3, 14; 25; 3001:1, 17; 3002:21; 14; 3072:4; 3073:12; 3122:20; 3148:10; 3003:21; 3007:21; I 3086:3; 3182:17; 3213:19; 3175:15; 3188:16; 3021:16; 3024:8; 3030:8; 3244:13; 3245:14; 3195:15; 3318:22; 3319:20 3078:24; 3116:15 3274:11; 3293:4 helping [2] - 3018:4; 3019:3 hmm [5] - 3058:5; 3060:9; i.e [1] - 3251:3 hare [1] - 3107:10 helpless [1] - 3016:20 3063:23; 3190:15; 3248:15 idea [9] - 3070:3; 3071:19; harmful [1] - 3209:20 hence [2] - 3270:11 hold [2] - 2991:15; 3183:10 3092:16; 3116:12, 19; 3156:13; 3172:24; Harry [1] - 3046:21 Henry [1] - 3030:17 holders [1] - 3030:18 3231:15; 3254:8 harvest [3] - 3228:10; herds [1] - 3146:16 holistic [3] - 3249:1, 14; identifiable [2] - 3084:16, 22 3286:12; 3287:12 hereby [1] - 3327:5 3250:17 identification [4] - 3118:25; harvester [1] - 3039:16 herein [1] - 3327:8 holistically [1] - 3249:25 3152:11, 19; 3156:6 harvesters [3] - 3015:25; hereunto [1] - 3327:13 home [2] - 3013:8; 3086:17 identified [23] - 3001:7; 3016:25; 3063:3 Heritage [1] - 2991:12 homeland [4] - 3022:6; 3006:10; 3011:8, 10-11; harvesting [7] - 3015:18; Hermansen [4] - 3001:21; 3036:9; 3076:25 3066:7; 3094:18; 3101:14; 3039:14; 3040:15, 24; 3003:1, 24 homestead [1] - 3032:12 3119:19; 3134:3; 3136:11; 3043:24; 3083:19; 3280:19 Hermansen's [3] - 3027:10; homesteaded [1] - 3003:16 3146:20; 3147:3, 6; HAS [4] - 2985:9; 2986:3; 3064:12; 3086:24 honest [2] - 3058:25; 3148:19; 3243:12; 3178:8; 3261:4 hi [1] - 3104:19 3061:12 3244:23; 3264:19; hate [2] - 3044:20; 3110:1 hidden [1] - 3085:24 honestly [1] - 3161:22 3266:17; 3304:12; 3305:6 Head [1] - 3098:19 hierarchy [5] - 3133:15; hope [8] - 3014:13; 3033:11; identifies [1] - 3023:15 head [4] - 3018:3; 3036:4; 3134:9; 3150:8; 3231:19 3058:19; 3220:5; 3268:13; Identify [1] - 3294:20 3097:11; 3111:12 high [10] - 3054:20; 3109:9; 3286:16; 3294:2; 3318:2 identify [11] - 3034:23; headed [1] - 3163:24 3114:20; 3125:15, 17; hopes [1] - 3320:6 3057:19, 25; 3113:1, 3; heading [2] - 3114:12; 3126:3, 7; 3136:8; hoping [7] - 2993:22; 3264:14; 3294:24; 3239:16 3142:12; 3216:14 3060:11; 3067:2, 14; 3295:15; 3296:11, 16, 19 healthy [1] - 3281:19 high-flow [1] - 3216:14 3199:3, 7 IF [2] - 2985:13; 3192:12 hear [5] - 3093:5; 3121:24; high-level [1] - 3114:20 hospital [1] - 3010:9 IFN [3] - 2983:22; 3219:18; 3130:17; 3174:11, 17 higher [9] - 3112:8; 3183:7, hot [2] - 3184:22; 3199:18 3238:2 heard [11] - 2990:6; 3007:19; 9, 18; 3185:14; 3187:20; hour [2] - 3045:5; 3262:9 ignored [1] - 3007:16 3019:17; 3053:15; 3073:9; 3188:1; 3214:1; 3235:16 House [1] - 3044:11 II [7] - 3210:18; 3211:22; 3081:11; 3130:16; highest [1] - 3183:21 house [4] - 3269:15, 25; 3220:14, 23; 3221:4, 10, 3234:23; 3312:17; 3315:6; highlights [1] - 2992:1 3270:10; 3276:23 21 3317:1 highly [1] - 3171:4 housekeeping [4] - 2987:24; ill [2] - 3014:4; 3098:7 hearing [21] - 2992:11; Hills [1] - 3298:9 2988:2; 3086:14; 3263:14 imagine [1] - 3228:24 3013:5; 3014:18, 24; himself [2] - 3014:4; 3058:17 However..." [1] - 3144:18 immediate [1] - 3103:12 3096:19; 3101:10; hindered [1] - 3241:15 HU [1] - 3108:22 immediately [4] - 3055:9; 3115:20, 23; 3116:5; hinged [1] - 3024:24 huddle [1] - 3166:9 3097:24; 3098:24; 3099:5 3117:10; 3121:21; hints [1] - 2996:10 Hudson's [1] - 3035:16 Impact [6] - 3182:6; 3196:3; 3163:19; 3218:12; 3220:9; hire [3] - 3016:13; 3018:22; huge [2] - 3276:11; 3314:5 3213:12; 3215:5; 3234:10; 3263:7, 19; 3289:24; 3053:22 human [1] - 3235:20 3291:3; 3317:1; 3326:8 3275:9 hired [3] - 3010:22; 3024:5 hundred [3] - 3035:7; 3079:5 Hearing [1] - 2977:12 impact [21] - 3015:17; historian [3] - 3025:21; Hunt [1] - 3041:2 3040:5; 3061:16; 3062:8, HEARING [4] - 2976:15; 3027:3; 3061:14 hunted [1] - 2998:10 2982:15, 19 18; 3069:14, 19; 3101:8; historic [12] - 2995:25; Hunting [1] - 3063:5 3155:5; 3195:9; 3205:3; hearings [1] - 3220:17 3004:17, 20-21; 3007:5, hunting [7] - 3003:8; 3009:7; 3208:7; 3209:24; 3210:24; HEATHER [2] - 2981:14; 22; 3015:22; 3024:23, 25; 3040:17; 3279:13, 21; 3215:2, 23; 3224:19; 3089:1 3025:22; 3027:8; 3029:9 3280:14; 3283:6 3228:21; 3242:23; 3243:5; Heather [2] - 3099:20; Historic [1] - 2995:23 HUs [5] - 3106:6, 21; 3107:9; 3184:4 3260:9 historical [21] - 2991:24; 3108:22, 24
Realtime Connection - the Realtime EXPERTS - [email protected] 22 Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion, Fort McKay, Alberta - Volume 13
impacted [8] - 3012:20; 16; 3258:1; 3303:8; incorrect [1] - 3181:7 inform [7] - 3155:16; 3157:7; 3028:1; 3077:14, 19, 22; 3313:3, 14; 3315:14; increase [8] - 3111:12; 3193:15; 3197:25; 3078:25; 3079:19; 3298:20 3316:8; 3317:15 3164:20; 3171:5, 10, 18; 3198:11, 20; 3274:5 impacting [1] - 3062:15 important" [1] - 3239:17 3177:22; 3190:2 information [102] - 2987:16; impacts [64] - 2995:16; impossible [2] - 3142:4; INCREASED [2] - 2985:5; 2995:9, 20, 22; 2997:8; 2997:9; 3006:7; 3014:22; 3168:25 3177:17 2998:13; 3005:9, 19; 3018:23; 3062:11, 23; impression [1] - 3059:2 increased [9] - 3165:7; 3006:1, 4; 3008:10; 3063:17; 3080:3; 3100:15; improve [6] - 3267:3; 3176:6; 3177:10; 3183:24; 3009:16; 3010:10; 3105:6; 3108:9, 11; 3268:14, 18; 3292:15; 3191:8; 3210:20; 3240:19; 3028:17; 3030:16, 20; 3109:7; 3113:1; 3119:9, 3316:15, 22 3245:7; 3266:25 3031:4, 12; 3033:9, 17; 12; 3120:2, 7; 3126:1; improvement [1] - 3315:18 increases [1] - 3201:2 3056:25; 3061:11; 3067:1, 3134:7, 20; 3139:20, 25; improving [1] - 3266:19 increasing [4] - 3165:11; 6, 8-9; 3072:17; 3074:17; 3140:11, 19; 3148:6; IN [15] - 2976:1, 3, 5-6, 8-9; 3170:6; 3200:25; 3216:21 3090:9; 3091:1, 13; 3154:23; 3169:13; 3170:4, 2983:17; 2985:5, 8, 16; indeed [2] - 3122:6; 3291:6 3093:2, 5, 9; 3096:6; 6; 3171:14; 3173:20; 3177:17; 3178:8; 3201:15; independently [3] - 3265:12, 3097:3; 3101:9; 3109:4; 3198:7; 3204:5; 3205:19, 3226:8; 3327:13 15 3110:4; 3122:14; 3125:3; 22; 3210:1; 3213:2; in-house [1] - 3276:23 INDEX [7] - 2980:1; 2981:1; 3139:2; 3141:12; 3148:10; 3215:3; 3218:5; 3220:3; in-stream [1] - 3218:18 2982:1; 2983:1; 2984:1; 3149:22; 3151:20; 3157:7; 3221:18; 3231:9; 3234:14; In-Stream [1] - 3225:11 2985:1; 2986:1 3168:9; 3169:14; 3171:13; 3237:12; 3243:1; 3245:8; inability [6] - 3020:15; Indian [5] - 3046:25; 3048:7; 3173:5, 11; 3174:11; 3255:18; 3284:6; 3285:16; 3164:6, 11, 13-14; 3252:5 3081:19; 3084:17 3175:14; 3176:9, 11; 3292:19; 3302:14, 19; Inc [1] - 2979:15 Indians [5] - 3048:5, 8-9, 13 3177:4; 3178:15; 3182:5; 3303:3, 9, 20, 24; 3304:1; incidents [1] - 3140:5 indicate [8] - 3074:7; 3096:6; 3191:19; 3194:21; 3306:2; 3318:17; 3319:11, 3195:18, 23; 3197:21; INCLUDE [2] - 2986:5; 3097:7; 3191:6; 3202:4; 20 3261:7 3251:12; 3290:16; 3298:18 3198:10; 3202:13; 3204:9; Impacts [1] - 3169:24 3206:13; 3228:15, 17; include [20] - 2992:1; indicated [10] - 2990:4; IMPACTS [2] - 2983:16; 3008:10; 3028:4; 3031:14; 3091:24; 3095:12; 3116:5; 3230:9, 11, 22; 3231:1; 3172:7 3046:25; 3142:19; 3166:6, 3122:23; 3138:4; 3149:11; 3236:16, 21; 3240:3, 5; imperative [1] - 3250:3 14; 3168:1; 3171:21; 3298:22; 3299:17 3241:4; 3242:18; 3258:23; 3267:12; 3274:2; 3286:11; Imperial [2] - 3203:17; 3183:2; 3203:11; 3212:12; indicates [7] - 3092:2; 3220:17 3225:8; 3227:16; 3259:11; 3136:6; 3143:12; 3157:4; 3289:4; 3291:10; 3293:3; implement [10] - 3221:4; 3260:25; 3271:20; 3164:23; 3216:3; 3236:17 3299:10, 15, 17; 3312:10, 20; 3315:7; 3318:18; 3245:14; 3294:20, 24; 3284:17; 3314:18 indicating [1] - 3217:12 3323:25; 3324:21; 3325:2, 3296:11, 20; 3297:15, 24; included [28] - 3001:18; indication [1] - 3217:2 14 3307:20; 3314:12 3003:22; 3004:22; 3005:6, indirect [3] - 3207:13; INFORMATION [2] - Implementation [2] - 3314:4, 24; 3008:3, 14; 3015:7; 3208:4; 3300:19 2983:14; 3162:18 18 3017:18, 20, 24-25; individual [8] - 2989:1; Information [7] - 2995:7; implementation [3] - 3018:1, 5; 3020:4, 6, 18; 3052:21; 3150:24; 3153:25; 3154:5, 11; 3227:12; 3229:10; 3240:16 3027:6; 3028:12, 16, 24; 3155:23; 3203:23; 3157:16; 3162:13; 3195:20 implemented [9] - 3169:11; 3030:21; 3091:1; 3142:23; 3206:22; 3259:12; 3268:5 informed [8] - 3022:23; 3212:7; 3220:23; 3245:5; 3208:10; 3209:14; 3221:14 individualized [1] - 3052:20 3094:8; 3196:20; 3243:14; 3246:21; 3247:3; 3292:14; includes [5] - 2998:11; individually [1] - 3053:2 3248:13; 3252:14; 3303:5; 3325:9 3152:3; 3219:4; 3237:7; INDIVIDUALS [11] - 2980:5, 3319:10; 3320:4 implementing [3] - 3036:3; 3271:24 10, 12, 17, 22; 2981:3; informing [1] - 3156:19 3246:11; 3311:11 including [20] - 2992:17; 2988:11; 2989:21; informs [2] - 3234:13, 16 importance [1] - 3255:2 2993:3; 3001:1; 3015:11, 2990:12; 3055:22; 3073:25 initial [3] - 3092:20; 3275:11; important [55] - 3001:16; 16; 3016:2; 3042:5; individuals [6] - 2978:19; 3319:5 3002:7, 17, 19; 3003:12, 3043:11; 3058:4, 17; 3022:13; 3052:16; 21; 3004:17; 3005:1, 17; 3065:24; 3074:15; 3075:24; 3094:18; 3173:13 initiate [2] - 3014:7; 3085:21 initiated [2] - 3041:7; 3007:20, 25; 3017:17; 3114:10; 3124:20; Industrial [1] - 3143:3 3324:25 3030:16; 3035:5; 3040:9; 3126:21; 3203:14, 21; industrial [1] - 3324:8 3073:16; 3087:1; 3125:8; initiative [2] - 3155:3; 3231:19; 3240:5; 3250:23 INDUSTRY [2] - 2985:5; 3174:17 3134:6, 19; 3135:6, 19; inclusion [1] - 3043:14 3177:17 3136:17; 3137:1; 3165:9; initiatives [4] - 2993:2; income [1] - 3009:8 industry [16] - 3019:9; 3257:3; 3313:17; 3314:2 3183:25; 3195:13; incompatible [1] - 3126:9 3040:2; 3043:2, 11, 19-20; inorganic [1] - 3098:15 3196:13; 3200:19; 3202:6; incomplete [3] - 3241:10; 3053:1; 3085:20; 3177:9; 3205:7, 9, 12, 25; 3206:2, 3242:3, 7 3210:4; 3220:3, 21; Inorganic [1] - 3179:25 19; 3218:8; 3219:19; incorporate [1] - 3240:14 3224:16, 25; 3259:16; input [4] - 3077:25; 3193:6; 3239:24; 3249:25; 3252:1, incorporated [3] - 3247:8; 3260:20 3269:3 12, 14; 3254:6, 21; 3257:7, inputs [5] - 3213:20; 3300:8, 12 influence [1] - 3236:10
Realtime Connection - the Realtime EXPERTS - [email protected] 23 Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion, Fort McKay, Alberta - Volume 13
3214:20, 22; 3217:9; 3314:19 involvement [2] - 3054:25; 8, 17, 21; 3063:11, 21; 3218:4 Interim [1] - 3220:9 3077:25 3101:5; 3108:4; 3109:3, 5; inquire [3] - 3091:3; 3198:4; internally [3] - 3039:24; IRCs [1] - 3068:6 3186:5; 3203:17; 3218:12; 3289:10 3067:5; 3081:13 ironic [1] - 3000:24 3220:8 inquiries [2] - 3194:2; 3198:1 international [2] - 3091:16; irrespective [1] - 3308:6 jackpine [2] - 3128:25; inside [1] - 3230:24 3141:18 irreversible [5] - 3134:22; 3129:11 inspect [1] - 3322:7 International [2] - 3289:20; 3135:8, 18; 3224:20; JACKPINE [1] - 2976:1 inspected [1] - 3321:23 3290:2 3241:1 Jamault [1] - 2977:8 inspections [3] - 3321:19; internationally [1] - 3037:22 IS [6] - 2986:3, 6, 8; 3261:5, James [2] - 2978:9; 3030:2 3323:4, 12 internet [1] - 3153:19 9; 3289:13 Jane [1] - 3179:18 installed [2] - 3247:3, 5 interpret [2] - 3197:12, 14 island [1] - 3004:9 Janet [1] - 3179:17 instance [6] - 3114:23; interpretation [2] - 3260:5; Island [5] - 2976:23; JANOWICZ [6] - 2981:9; 3196:9; 3243:9; 3309:17; 3320:2 3009:25; 3010:1, 3; 3011:5 3088:16; 3234:3; 3237:7; 3312:18; 3314:17 interpreted [2] - 3258:15; isolate [1] - 3233:3 3244:8; 3287:14 instead [3] - 2999:10, 13; 3259:7 isolated [4] - 3082:6; Janowicz [8] - 3102:19; 3012:15 interpretive [1] - 3259:3 3233:16; 3234:24; 3235:4 3233:25; 3238:18; Institute [5] - 3038:7; interrelated [1] - 3026:16 isolation [4] - 3055:4; 3239:14; 3244:5, 7; 3098:20; 3099:15; interrupt [2] - 3110:1; 3141:2 3227:18, 20; 3284:20 3287:13 3186:23; 3272:10 interval [1] - 3268:15 issue [29] - 3037:12; 3042:7; Jans [1] - 3079:14 institutional [1] - 3252:5 INTERVENERS [1] - 2978:5 3051:2; 3054:22; 3064:17; January [6] - 3042:17; INSTREAM [2] - 2983:22; interview [13] - 3003:23; 3066:7; 3083:8; 3094:17, 3046:20; 3053:18; 3238:1 3009:20; 3011:14; 3028:6, 23; 3095:10; 3105:13; 3157:23; 3167:16; 3220:23 insufficient [3] - 3133:8, 12; 16, 18, 24-25; 3029:15; 3108:9; 3112:15; 3124:12; Jean [1] - 2977:20 3147:24 3031:24; 3032:6, 8, 14 3139:17; 3149:4; 3175:6; Jean-Pierre [1] - 2977:20 Integrated [4] - 3097:16; interviewed [3] - 3004:7; 3194:5; 3200:6, 8; Jeerakathil [1] - 2978:13 3098:19; 3099:24; 3174:24 3029:25; 3030:17 3207:17; 3210:14, 16; Jefferson [5] - 2989:18; integrated [5] - 3250:8; interviews [12] - 3004:13; 3212:18, 20; 3213:6; 3017:3, 5; 3067:17, 21 3259:23; 3311:6, 9; 3014:20; 3015:14; 3024:2, 3228:8; 3229:5; 3313:24 Jefferson's [1] - 3068:25 3324:25 16-17; 3028:5, 8, 14, 22; issued [3] - 3138:15; 3139:4, Jenny [4] - 2978:7; 3262:24; integration [2] - 3250:18; 3030:12 16 3278:13; 3325:23 3281:18 intimately [1] - 3222:20 issues [30] - 3015:17; Jill [1] - 2977:7 integrity [1] - 3298:10 introduce [5] - 2990:18; 3016:14; 3038:22; 3042:5, Jim [1] - 2977:3 intend [4] - 3066:19, 21; 3065:17; 3090:16; 3096:4; 8; 3059:21; 3068:23; job [6] - 3010:23; 3015:1; 3152:9; 3206:9 3097:5 3083:24; 3086:14; 3093:5; 3025:21; 3030:8; 3196:2; intended [3] - 3114:3, 10; introduction [3] - 3096:1; 3094:11; 3098:5; 3115:3; 3269:12 3258:10 3097:8; 3292:8 3122:17; 3163:14; jobs [1] - 3054:14 intending [1] - 3094:25 INTRODUCTION [4] - 3172:16; 3195:3; 3198:1; John [2] - 2978:15; 3032:8 intends [1] - 3065:17 2981:24; 2983:7; 3095:24; 3227:3; 3252:7; 3255:4; Johnny [1] - 3003:25 intense [1] - 3217:14 3107:21 3257:8; 3276:2, 7; Johnston [2] - 2978:15; intent [4] - 3115:8; 3130:21; Inuit [3] - 3047:1; 3048:12, 3277:12; 3286:8; 3315:10 2979:8 3166:1, 16 15 IT [4] - 2986:3, 6; 3261:5, 8 join [1] - 3246:17 intention [3] - 3066:3; invasion [1] - 3026:9 it.. [1] - 3232:10 Joint [9] - 2977:7; 3098:13; 3153:20; 3228:6 inventory [1] - 3199:9 item [6] - 3022:25; 3062:5, 3099:17, 23; 3174:23; intents [1] - 3225:7 Inventory [2] - 3175:22 25; 3063:20; 3072:6; 3203:10; 3220:16; 3314:4, interactions [2] - 3036:5; invertebrates [1] - 3215:4 3160:22 17 3265:4 investigated [2] - 2995:15; items [3] - 3019:2; 3071:23; JOINT [5] - 2976:1; 2977:2; interchangeably [1] - 3141:15 3138:4 2986:4; 3261:6 3134:15 investigations [1] - 3323:13 itself [13] - 3022:7; 3039:22; joint [15] - 3043:8; 3174:17; interest [7] - 3011:19; invite [4] - 3090:15; 3092:23; 3041:4; 3051:11; 3122:7; 3244:24; 3245:13, 18, 23; 3027:13; 3042:1; 3080:8; 3096:3; 3108:5 3146:15; 3172:23; 3246:9; 3259:10, 19; 3188:18; 3213:3; 3220:3; 3094:19; 3144:15; 3303:2 invited [1] - 3094:15 3260:4, 17, 24 3282:9; 3290:12; 3316:20 interested [3] - 3002:4; invoke [1] - 3210:6 JOSLYN [2] - 2983:8; 3119:3 IV [3] - 3272:24; 3273:3, 14 3261:13; 3322:1 involved [19] - 2988:25; Joslyn [2] - 3115:20; interesting [5] - 3023:5, 9; 2993:1; 3029:7; 3033:8; 3157:23 3027:22; 3189:15; 3209:8 3044:23; 3045:11; 3055:3; J journal [1] - 3201:8 interestingly [2] - 3009:10; 3077:19; 3081:6; 3105:16; Journal [1] - 3091:10 3190:20 3113:24; 3146:11; JPME [3] - 3124:1; 3133:1; J.L [1] - 3186:20 interests [8] - 3000:19; 3169:20; 3174:22; 3175:9; 3247:8 Jackpine [17] - 2989:11; 3003:3; 3008:1; 3035:21; 3180:15; 3200:4; 3306:8; [1] 2998:11; 3060:17; 3062:3, JRP - 3139:16 3055:5; 3078:7; 3313:9; 3323:18 judging [1] - 3195:6
Realtime Connection - the Realtime EXPERTS - [email protected] 24 Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion, Fort McKay, Alberta - Volume 13
Julian [2] - 3028:24 3259:20; 3261:15; 3230:2, 14, 18; 3232:24; 3308:19 July [1] - 3247:2 3287:21; 3320:15 3233:1; 3278:24; 3285:7, LAND [2] - 2983:6; 3107:21 Jumbo [3] - 3018:19; kinds [1] - 3323:17 13, 15; 3286:1, 14, 16, 25; Land [5] - 2992:15; 3005:8; 3019:17, 20 Kirk [11] - 2978:8; 3178:25; 3287:3, 16, 21; 3304:5, 12; 3035:17; 3038:6; 3074:14 jump [1] - 3212:17 3179:17; 3186:7; 3187:25; 3305:1, 5; 3319:21, 24 landed [1] - 3140:16 jumping [2] - 3007:8; 3014:2 3318:20; 3319:9, 16 LAKE [2] - 2983:18; 3201:16 landing [2] - 3140:5, 19 juncture [2] - 3320:10, 15 Kirkland [2] - 3103:5, 9 Lake [37] - 3004:25; 3005:1, lands [7] - 3043:24; 3047:7; jurisdiction [15] - 3036:17; KIRKLAND [3] - 2981:22; 5, 15; 3033:18; 3057:17, 3048:5; 3052:23; 3076:18; 3037:13, 17; 3038:17, 20; 3089:16; 3103:6 22; 3058:4; 3063:9, 21; 3147:14, 21 3044:2, 4, 7; 3048:4; knowing [2] - 3069:9; 3318:3 3064:5, 11; 3077:7; landscape [11] - 3000:5; 3051:2; 3052:2; 3084:17; Knowledge [4] - 2993:19, 3079:11; 3180:2; 3186:14, 3111:24; 3125:9; 3127:9, 3206:4 24; 2995:13; 2996:2 17; 3199:22; 3203:19; 18, 23; 3128:23; 3129:6, 8, jurisdictions [1] - 3038:15 knowledge [22] - 2996:24; 3226:23; 3228:21; 10; 3245:9 jury's [1] - 3229:18 2997:3; 3000:14; 3008:15; 3231:15; 3235:15; 3280:2, landscapes [1] - 3000:19 Justice [3] - 2978:23; 3036:1; 3039:6; 3054:19; 15, 18; 3281:24; 3282:4, 8; language [3] - 3003:14; 3046:23; 3047:5 3072:18; 3090:9; 3129:17; 3284:5; 3298:10; 3299:8, 3035:11 3141:16; 3181:19; 14; 3300:3, 11; 3302:13; large [12] - 3020:21; 3025:7; K 3191:15; 3199:5; 3210:11; 3304:20 3040:20; 3227:16; 3229:24; 3252:25; 3253:1; lake's [1] - 3286:11 3229:15; 3232:11; 3240:1; 3266:24; 3303:5; 3323:1 Lakeland [1] - 2992:23 3246:1; 3284:17; 3286:5; Karin [5] - 2978:11; 2979:1; knowledge-based [1] - lakes [23] - 2987:10; 3016:5; 3313:24 3091:6; 3105:5; 3172:12 3266:24 3188:23; 3190:9, 23; large-bodied [2] - 3229:15; Kasperski [4] - 3102:2, 5; knowledgeable [3] - 3191:3, 7; 3215:10; 3286:5 3275:3 3175:10, 12; 3195:2 3231:25; 3235:17; large-scale [1] - 3240:1 [4] KASPERSKI - 2981:19; known [4] - 3003:17; 3278:21; 3279:7, 17; largely [7] - 3061:6, 13; 3089:11; 3275:6; 3289:23 3029:16; 3134:17; 3140:18 3284:9; 3319:13, 17, 24; 3064:9; 3074:24; 3194:17; Katherine [1] - 2979:3 Kolenick [1] - 2978:3 3320:13 3196:21; 3324:17 Kearl [10] - 3005:1; 3105:15, Krista [1] - 2977:16 Lakes [1] - 3063:5 larger [5] - 2998:10; 3025:9; 18; 3136:14; 3203:18; Lambrecht [10] - 2978:8; 3080:25; 3180:16; 3225:1 3220:17; 3238:24; L 2987:5, 8; 3055:13; LARP [1] - 3314:7 3302:13; 3304:20 3087:17; 3089:19; larval [1] - 3187:12 keep [2] - 3073:12; 3281:19 3122:23; 3123:12; laser [1] - 3001:20 keeping [1] - 3322:11 l) [1] - 3030:7 3262:17; 3291:5 last [41] - 3020:2; 3021:11; lab [2] - 3102:3; 3199:6 keeps [1] - 3321:15 LAMBRECHT [37] - 2981:23; 3022:21; 3024:3; 3033:23; lab's [1] - 3181:16 Keith [1] - 2979:6 2987:7, 13, 22; 3055:14; 3042:17; 3050:5; 3063:19; Kellie [1] - 2979:8 labelled [1] - 3026:25 3088:1, 7; 3089:20; 3064:17; 3069:22; Kelly [1] - 3188:25 laboratory [2] - 3182:21; 3090:3; 3093:14, 17; 3075:21; 3083:24; 3084:1; Kelly/Schindler [2] - 3198:19 3094:3; 3095:25; 3100:21; 3085:25; 3087:19; 3107:4; 3183:15; 3189:3 labour [1] - 3078:12 3104:5; 3107:23; 3110:1; 3110:9; 3117:18; 3127:16; Kent [2] - 3246:25; 3253:8 Labrador [1] - 3050:7 3113:10; 3118:15; 3131:14; 3134:12; 3150:6, KENT [4] - 2984:9; 2985:20; Lac [14] - 2992:24; 3003:6, 3121:18; 3122:6, 9; 11, 15; 3159:13; 3170:13; 3256:17; 3262:4 17; 3015:12; 3025:3, 15; 3130:9; 3131:1, 8, 23; 3180:5; 3191:8; 3199:6; KEY [2] - 2983:16; 3172:6 3026:6, 8; 3076:3; 3077:6; 3178:13, 17, 20; 3191:24; 3200:15; 3206:15; key [13] - 2995:9; 3011:9; 3078:5, 21, 25 3192:8; 3226:15, 19; 3207:15; 3208:1; 3213:18; 3016:2; 3023:21; 3030:18; LaCasse [1] - 2977:11 3262:19; 3290:6; 3291:6 3239:9; 3246:21; 3248:2; 3031:6; 3033:14; 3060:15; lack [10] - 3015:23; 3017:8; land [56] - 2991:24; 2995:13, 3249:11; 3266:2 3163:14; 3316:4, 7; 3317:9 3020:15; 3053:14; 20, 25; 2996:4, 10, 24; lastly [2] - 2996:1; 3031:23 keys [1] - 3015:20 3071:17; 3073:8; 3175:2; 2997:2, 10, 17; 2999:1, 15, lasts [1] - 3227:11 kilometre [1] - 3187:3 3236:19; 3248:24; 3251:1 19, 21; 3000:3; 3001:16; late [9] - 3010:6; 3023:2; kilometres [10] - 3183:7, lacking [1] - 3250:11 3003:4; 3005:21; 3009:3, 3031:25; 3033:23; 18-19, 21; 3186:6, 15, 18; Lacorde [1] - 3058:21 8; 3013:16; 3016:7, 11; 3045:15; 3058:17; 3187:10; 3188:24; 3232:5 Ladha [1] - 2979:7 3021:19, 23; 3022:17; 3084:24; 3190:2; 3247:10 3023:18, 22; 3028:11, 23; Kim [1] - 3102:2 Ladies [5] - 3096:12; latest [1] - 3176:24 3029:1, 3; 3030:20; KIM [2] - 2981:19; 3089:11 3100:25; 3102:14; 3103:7; latitude [1] - 3108:1 3031:12; 3037:5, 20; kind [18] - 2994:23; 3008:16; 3193:5 latter [1] - 3293:13 3042:8; 3045:16; 3046:15; 3025:1; 3026:1; 3051:4; lag [2] - 3124:17; 3285:16 launching [1] - 3033:3 3047:24; 3051:10; 3061:25; 3116:17; laid [3] - 3168:24; 3169:1; law [8] - 3308:5, 9-10; 3052:20; 3077:2, 16; 3117:19; 3177:7; 3184:14; 3259:15 3309:24; 3310:8; 3323:16 3084:16; 3134:2; 3147:4, 3195:13; 3214:24; lake [31] - 3029:20; 3057:21; Laws [1] - 3041:1 8, 10, 12, 16; 3307:24; 3238:19; 3255:11; 3227:17, 23; 3228:2, 10; lawyer [7] - 3044:19, 24-25;
Realtime Connection - the Realtime EXPERTS - [email protected] 25 Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion, Fort McKay, Alberta - Volume 13
3045:11, 18; 3075:13 length [1] - 3212:6 3263:20; 3270:9 3057:2; 3058:1; 3065:24; lawyers [1] - 3278:10 lenticular [3] - 3136:5; limbo [1] - 3044:4 3078:10; 3080:13; 3126:4, lay [1] - 3064:9 3297:6, 21 limitation [1] - 3095:17 8 layman's [1] - 3184:12 Les [2] - 2977:4; 3069:1 limitations [5] - 2995:24; local [19] - 2997:1; 3051:12, layperson's [1] - 3061:13 less [10] - 3008:21; 3026:8; 3123:24; 3124:5; 3140:7 15; 3053:6, 10; 3058:14; lays [1] - 3197:22 3128:3; 3166:10; 3211:17; LIMITED [1] - 2976:2 3071:18; 3077:20; 3078:5; lead [11] - 3096:2; 3109:23; 3270:6, 9; 3276:12, 17 limited [12] - 2996:3; 3081:4; 3082:5, 18; 3110:25; 3171:5, 18; lessen [6] - 3119:18; 3120:9; 2999:19; 3074:18; 3083:5, 10; 3085:6, 12, 22; 3177:22; 3178:18; 3133:12; 3144:24; 3122:16; 3126:16; 3127:8; 3147:18 3194:14; 3202:23; 3240:17 3145:13; 3296:17 3203:15; 3236:17, 20; locally [1] - 3080:6 LEAD [4] - 2985:7, 11; LETTER [6] - 2984:8; 3269:13; 3323:25 Locals [6] - 3056:19; 3064:7; 3177:19; 3178:11 2985:19, 21; 3256:14, 18; limiting [1] - 3167:15 3067:23; 3068:20; Lead [1] - 3102:20 3262:3 limits [5] - 3031:2; 3165:24; 3078:19; 3084:14 leader [2] - 3046:21; 3096:20 letter [21] - 2988:21; 3166:6, 17; 3320:20 located [5] - 3012:25; leaders [4] - 2989:1; 3085:22 3012:10, 21-23; 3029:11; limnology [1] - 3189:11 3110:5; 3144:18; 3186:14; leadership [8] - 3016:24; 3046:22; 3047:1; 3253:6, line [14] - 3000:21; 3001:11; 3274:10 3041:8; 3049:6; 3075:16; 10, 14, 19, 21; 3254:1, 11; 3002:2, 14; 3011:12, 17; locating [1] - 3057:11 3085:15, 23; 3249:1; 3255:20; 3256:12; 3013:19; 3084:1; 3115:14; location [4] - 3135:24; 3251:1 3257:13; 3260:13; 3117:20; 3130:19; 3138:4; 3282:9; 3297:7 leading [2] - 3170:6; 3312:8 3261:16, 23 3159:12, 18; 3162:22 Loche [1] - 3077:9 leads [2] - 3090:15; 3194:14 LETTER'S [2] - 2985:23; lineage [2] - 3001:15; logical [1] - 3117:16 learned [8] - 3003:5, 16; 3256:21 3003:15 logo [1] - 3170:18 3004:7, 24; 3010:17; letters [6] - 3007:10; linear [3] - 3215:19; 3216:18; Logs [6] - 3056:4; 3067:10; 3011:15; 3012:12; 3220:2 3026:25; 3027:2; 3054:6, 3217:18 3069:23; 3070:17; 3071:7, learning [2] - 3325:12, 15 13; 3312:12 lines [3] - 3013:21; 3022:14; 20 Learning [1] - 2994:2 levee [12] - 3302:14, 19, 23; 3104:25 logs [1] - 3066:4 lease [6] - 3032:10, 16, 3303:15, 18-19; 3304:7, Lingen [1] - 2977:17 long-range [1] - 3185:11 19-20; 3128:4; 3297:7 10, 15, 20, 22; 3306:2 link [3] - 3153:19; 3195:5; long-term [7] - 3124:21; leases [4] - 3032:23; 3156:3, level [36] - 3037:19; 3038:11; 3265:11 3125:6; 3133:1, 9; 6, 18 3042:17; 3051:18-21; linking [1] - 3195:3 3134:20; 3135:7; 3266:13 least [24] - 2987:16; 2993:23; 3052:7, 9; 3053:10, 19; list [5] - 2990:24; 3056:20; longevity [1] - 3230:1 2995:15; 2999:3, 7; 3054:6, 9, 12; 3055:1; 3064:18, 21; 3168:12 look [44] - 2995:18; 3000:12; 3008:6; 3013:1; 3033:19; 3066:1, 14; 3074:21; listed [6] - 2996:22; 3033:14; 3009:11; 3029:8; 3037:11; 3053:9; 3054:11; 3110:3; 3077:25; 3082:17; 3092:4; 3144:25; 3146:3; 3038:17, 22; 3045:18; 3130:19; 3154:2; 3157:12; 3085:12; 3114:20; 3129:6; 3167:25 3051:8; 3053:22; 3054:4, 3207:3; 3259:4; 3267:1; 3143:7; 3225:19; 3236:25; listen [2] - 3016:22; 3315:9 7; 3062:24; 3116:14, 24; 3272:17; 3280:20; 3290:3; 3237:2; 3267:23; 3268:7; listing [1] - 3057:6 3127:5; 3135:10; 3136:2; 3294:2; 3295:8; 3309:1 3271:8; 3288:8; 3313:11; lists [1] - 3091:21 3138:7; 3142:8; 3151:7; leastly [1] - 3031:23 3318:6, 18 literature [6] - 3020:16; 3157:4; 3165:14; 3188:4; leave [10] - 3059:2; 3087:10; levels [28] - 3016:24; 3082:9; 3111:7; 3227:8; 3229:7; 3190:10; 3194:20; 3123:10; 3130:18, 25; 3085:12; 3117:7; 3142:13; 3285:3; 3286:19 3208:13; 3216:12, 18; 3184:22; 3263:25; 3296:8, 3163:2; 3183:17; 3188:13; litigation [3] - 3041:17; 3224:11; 3230:25; 16; 3299:24 3190:14; 3200:25; 3044:18; 3046:5 3231:17; 3235:19; leaving [1] - 3305:7 3211:20; 3215:13; 3216:4; littoral [1] - 3305:1 3243:16; 3253:17; 3268:5, 3217:22; 3218:7; 3227:19; left [16] - 3002:3; 3011:19; live [2] - 3029:25; 3031:20 15; 3294:19; 3296:24; 3228:5, 13, 22; 3229:17; 3039:5; 3055:4; 3097:10, lived [2] - 3022:8; 3029:17 3302:8; 3306:16; 3318:9 3233:17; 3235:13, 16; 24; 3098:24; 3099:13, 19, lives [1] - 3029:18 looked [17] - 3002:12; 3268:12; 3279:13; 3030:11; 3069:25; 25; 3102:1; 3247:25; living [3] - 3003:7; 3009:3; 3284:16, 21, 24 3258:5; 3277:11; 3294:15 3026:11 3141:15; 3143:1; 3187:1; library [1] - 3021:9 3189:1; 3193:14; 3195:22; legal [5] - 3042:9; 3045:13; Liz [1] - 3247:17 life [3] - 3208:8; 3315:18; 3204:7; 3210:19; 3224:14; 3047:6; 3075:14; 3323:11 load [1] - 3271:12 3318:1 3229:8; 3243:24; 3244:10; legally [1] - 3075:12 loading [1] - 3191:4 life-time [1] - 3315:18 3312:19 legislated [1] - 3083:20 Local [37] - 2988:23; 2992:6, lifetime [1] - 3273:13 looking [32] - 3049:22; legislation [5] - 3028:2; 13, 22; 2993:6; 2994:15; light [3] - 3020:2; 3197:12; 3051:9; 3059:23; 3060:2; 3113:25; 3115:1; 3309:21; 2997:21; 2998:9, 14, 20, 3198:7 3061:7; 3064:23; 3070:21; 3310:17 22, 25; 2999:16, 22; likely [11] - 3066:20; 3123:9; 3135:23; 3161:4; legislative [2] - 3307:5, 7 3001:6; 3006:21; 3007:11; 3077:11; 3109:23; 3163:23; 3168:13; Legislature [1] - 3027:19 3012:10, 18, 24; 3024:4; 3110:25; 3212:6; 3224:16; 3170:24; 3189:4, 17; legitimate [1] - 3012:25 3028:10; 3029:19; 3230:17; 3242:22; 3205:21; 3214:22; legitimately [1] - 3013:15 3045:20-22; 3056:16;
Realtime Connection - the Realtime EXPERTS - [email protected] 26 Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion, Fort McKay, Alberta - Volume 13
3217:21; 3218:6; 3264:12; M 22; 3316:18, 20; 3317:2, 7, materials [3] - 3152:16; 3268:17; 3279:5; 3283:21; 12, 14, 20; 3325:11 3169:15; 3278:7 3285:1; 3291:17; 3293:2, manager [1] - 3033:12 Matt [3] - 3219:2; 3221:3; 21; 3295:19; 3297:18; m'mm [5] - 3058:5; 3060:9; Manager [7] - 2977:7; 3222:1 3313:5 3063:23; 3190:15; 3248:15 3097:25; 3099:6, 20; MATTER [6] - 2976:1, 3, 5-6, looks [5] - 3182:24; 3190:13; m'mm-hmm [5] - 3058:5; 3102:15; 3103:10 8 3204:18; 3294:14; 3306:25 3060:9; 3063:23; 3190:15; managing [2] - 3115:3; matter [16] - 2988:2; loop [1] - 3131:10 3248:15 3313:6 3000:16; 3032:5; 3065:20; lose [2] - 3209:6; 3269:24 MacDonald [4] - 2976:23; mandate [6] - 3096:23; 3085:19; 3090:21, 24; losing [1] - 3199:19 3004:8 3173:3, 9; 3196:19; 3091:3; 3092:12; 3094:4; loss [45] - 3108:14; 3109:21; Macisland [1] - 3004:10 3280:10, 12 3118:20; 3122:24; 3187:9; 3111:10; 3112:9; 3119:12; Madam [1] - 3192:8 mandated [1] - 3173:16 3221:6; 3263:14; 3271:25 3120:1; 3122:19; 3124:10; magnitude [3] - 3125:16; mandatory [1] - 3308:9 MATTERS [4] - 2981:23; 3126:25; 3127:1; 3133:2, 3126:8; 3143:10 Manitoba [9] - 3036:7, 21; 2982:6; 3090:3; 3120:22 19; 3134:21; 3135:8, 15, Mahmood [1] - 2977:19 3039:7; 3040:10, 13, 18; matters [5] - 3090:9, 18; 17-18; 3136:2, 20-21, 24; mail [2] - 3094:7; 3153:15 3041:4; 3049:16 3092:24; 3194:15; 3290:15 3142:14; 3143:13; 3149:9; Mail [1] - 3290:8 manner [3] - 3130:2; maximum [4] - 3190:20, 24; 3207:13, 21; 3208:1, 5, 9; Maillie's [1] - 3030:9 3241:18; 3257:22 3227:11; 3229:17 3209:1, 13; 3227:23; main [3] - 2994:24; 2995:4; manufacturers' [1] - 3271:7 McClelland [5] - 3298:10; 3231:3; 3276:25; 3277:6; 3271:19 map [16] - 3010:2; 3012:14, 3299:8, 13; 3300:3, 11 3278:22; 3294:25; maintain [11] - 3116:19; 21; 3022:1; 3025:1; McCormack [2] - 2999:6; 3295:11; 3296:12; 3204:24; 3205:18; 3031:9; 3056:11; 3057:12; 3025:25 3298:23; 3300:19; 3324:14 3281:22; 3283:25; 3059:24; 3060:2, 6, 22; McCormack's [1] - 3026:20 Loss [1] - 3230:6 3297:16, 25; 3298:10, 15; 3061:25; 3062:5, 25; MCFN [1] - 2998:17 losses [4] - 3079:21; 3135:4; 3299:21 3063:20 McKay [16] - 2978:11, 16; 3208:6; 3285:18 maintained [1] - 3233:4 maps [5] - 3024:13; 3027:8; 2992:13; 2993:4; 3005:25; lost [7] - 3150:20; 3233:12; maintaining [1] - 3125:8 3074:5; 3086:19 3012:1; 3017:15, 18, 3280:21; 3281:12, 17; major [8] - 3016:6; 3042:2; March [5] - 3043:7; 3180:6; 22-23; 3019:11; 3023:13; 3282:2; 3285:19 3206:25; 3207:4; 3238:22; 3182:20; 3199:8, 11 3029:24; 3081:4 Loutitt [6] - 2988:2, 5, 15; 3264:15; 3266:6; 3269:23 MAREK [2] - 2981:9; 3088:16 MCKAY [1] - 2976:2 2989:24; 3072:13; 3086:15 majority [6] - 3014:23; Marek [2] - 3102:19; 3233:25 McLelland [4] - 3057:22; LOUTITT [7] - 2980:6, 8, 11; 3024:15; 3032:22; 3064:6; marginalized [1] - 3081:24 3058:4; 3063:21; 3064:4 2988:13, 17; 2989:22 3106:9, 24 Mark [6] - 2992:2; 3023:23; McLennan [7] - 3004:25; loved [2] - 3031:14 Makowecki [8] - 3102:11, 14; 3024:5; 3033:1, 4; 3086:16 3005:5, 15; 3011:6; low [11] - 3106:25; 3109:8; 3174:9; 3218:11; 3222:16, mark [16] - 3077:16; 3091:25; 3033:18; 3057:17; 3064:10 3117:11; 3118:8; 3128:12, 22; 3226:12; 3278:19 3092:22; 3093:13, 21; McMurray [22] - 2976:24; 18; 3129:1; 3210:20; MAKOWECKI [16] - 2981:9; 3118:13, 25; 3152:18, 21; 2978:13; 2992:8; 2997:3, 3212:13; 3216:15; 3279:13 3088:15; 3102:13; 3172:2; 3201:11; 3221:25; 6; 2998:8; 3007:5, 11; low-flow [2] - 3212:13; 3174:13; 3186:16; 3238:5; 3248:4; 3261:23; 3009:24; 3011:22; 3216:15 3197:20; 3203:4; 3226:18; 3290:10 3012:25; 3015:12; low-quality [1] - 3106:25 3229:7; 3234:20; 3237:18; marked [6] - 3107:16; 3017:25; 3018:12; lower [7] - 3009:3; 3129:2, 6, 3241:23; 3253:18; 3257:3; 3152:10, 21; 3162:11; 3023:12; 3026:15; 12; 3143:6; 3203:19 3278:23; 3288:7 3179:5; 3237:20 3029:19; 3074:22; Lower [2] - 3223:5; 3283:25 Malcolm [1] - 2978:15 marking [1] - 3118:24 3077:10; 3121:10; 3323:3 LOWER [2] - 2983:22; Mallon [1] - 2978:21 Marlene [1] - 3058:21 McMurray/Fort [1] - 2978:16 3238:2 man [1] - 3204:25 married [1] - 3025:16 MCQUEEN [4] - 2984:9; lowland [2] - 3127:10, 20 man-made [1] - 3204:25 Martin [1] - 3028:15 2985:20; 3256:16; 3262:4 LSA [9] - 2995:11; 2996:21; manage [5] - 3205:14, 16; Martineau [1] - 2977:19 McQueen [1] - 3253:8 2999:21; 3006:7; 3013:1; 3311:12; 3314:11; 3318:5 mass [2] - 3185:8; 3277:13 mean [68] - 3000:8; 3004:21; 3125:18; 3126:1, 9; manageable [1] - 3230:14 Master's [1] - 2991:14 3011:23; 3022:5; 3026:2; 3136:21 Management [8] - 2997:19; match [1] - 3276:5 3033:11; 3051:14; Ltd [3] - 2978:2; 2979:7 3115:24; 3210:18; 3211:4, matched [1] - 3276:1 3054:13, 16; 3061:8; Lucille [1] - 2977:8 21, 24; 3220:11; 3237:21 material [26] - 2990:21; 3070:1, 5; 3072:16; lunch [4] - 3104:22; 3115:16; management [33] - 3100:5; 2994:5, 17, 19-20; 2995:8; 3074:23; 3079:5; 3083:3, 3120:14; 3121:2 3102:4, 7; 3116:7, 10; 2998:1; 3007:1; 3020:20; 19, 21; 3084:13; 3113:11; luncheon [1] - 3120:18 3117:2; 3149:20; 3249:6, 3026:20; 3054:15; 3061:2, 3114:15; 3116:11; LUNCHEON [1] - 2982:4 12-13, 19; 3250:2, 4; 5; 3064:15; 3067:3; 3127:17, 23; 3128:18; 3251:13; 3254:23; 3288:4, 3074:5, 7, 9, 12; 3075:4; 3131:1; 3138:5; 3141:7; 18; 3304:11, 18; 3305:4; 3277:10, 15-16, 18 3142:1; 3158:9; 3164:23; 3311:7; 3314:14; 3315:20, materially [1] - 3078:9 3168:20; 3184:2, 12;
Realtime Connection - the Realtime EXPERTS - [email protected] 27 Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion, Fort McKay, Alberta - Volume 13
3185:10; 3197:12; 3209:1, 3042:17, 22; 3043:8; 3185:1, 5-6, 9, 15; 3186:2; 3126:22 20; 3210:3; 3214:15; 3056:22; 3057:3, 7; 3198:2; 3200:25; 3202:7; migratory [23] - 3097:13, 21; 3215:3, 25; 3227:20; 3058:13, 24; 3059:1, 4, 8; 3227:3, 10, 19; 3228:5, 12, 3114:23; 3124:2, 16; 3232:1; 3242:6; 3246:25; 3064:18, 21-22; 3072:12, 14, 22-23; 3229:1, 4, 17; 3128:14; 3133:3, 10; 3250:3; 3255:14, 17; 14; 3073:13, 18; 3091:16; 3230:2, 14-15; 3231:16; 3139:17, 21; 3140:1, 5, 11; 3256:2; 3268:11; 3269:16; 3163:22, 24; 3164:2, 9; 3232:23; 3233:17; 3141:19, 24; 3142:16; 3273:22, 24; 3277:7; 3266:2 3235:13, 16; 3284:9, 16, 3295:1; 3296:13; 3300:20; 3281:9; 3285:14; 3286:24; meetings [11] - 3041:6; 20, 24; 3285:2; 3286:9 3302:15, 20; 3303:10; 3292:3; 3298:25; 3306:3; 3042:16; 3043:6; 3056:18, merit [2] - 3207:3; 3254:16 3324:2 3310:2, 6; 3312:2; 3313:9; 20; 3059:12, 15; 3066:11; merits [2] - 3097:4; 3172:21 Migratory [7] - 3141:20; 3321:15 3070:13; 3071:1; 3085:10 met [4] - 3003:1; 3025:25; 3306:12; 3307:9; 3308:5, meaning [2] - 3258:3; 3277:9 MEG [1] - 2992:17 3033:3; 3247:1 21; 3309:19; 3310:9 meaningful [16] - 3015:24; Meighan [1] - 2977:11 metals [12] - 3176:14, 18, 22, Mihiretu [1] - 2977:15 3017:8, 14; 3022:22; MEK [1] - 2993:19 24; 3182:24; 3183:6; Mike [1] - 3032:14 3043:4; 3061:10; 3063:16; Melissa [5] - 2979:1, 6, 9, 11; 3184:13; 3185:20; Mikisew [4] - 2978:21; 3067:23; 3068:2; 3069:13, 3105:3 3187:21; 3271:21, 24 2992:10; 2997:5; 3074:21 17; 3071:17; 3073:3, 8; melt [7] - 3187:2, 5, 7, 21; METALS [2] - 2983:17; miles [5] - 3009:24; 3036:8; 3077:22; 3083:23 3188:5, 12, 14 3201:14 3079:5 meaningfully [3] - 3068:16, MEMBER [2] - 2980:10; Metals [1] - 3199:20 Millennium [1] - 3238:23 24; 3083:11 2989:22 method [1] - 3268:24 million [2] - 3039:19; means [5] - 3179:13; 3184:3, Member [2] - 2977:4 methods [2] - 3158:14; 3082:21 7, 11; 3215:1 member [10] - 3029:19; 3265:10 mind [9] - 3024:23, 25; meant [6] - 3133:23; 3033:2; 3038:1; 3045:21; methyl [4] - 3183:24; 3184:1; 3025:3, 22; 3239:17; 3187:16; 3227:22; 3245:5; 3052:1; 3064:7; 3097:7; 3227:2; 3230:2 3297:17; 3298:6; 3318:13, 3253:12; 3313:18 3233:21; 3290:1; 3314:7 Metis [1] - 3012:24 20 meanwhile [1] - 3019:11 Members [7] - 3096:12; metres [3] - 3207:25; mine [23] - 3063:12; 3101:24; measure [4] - 3109:2; 3100:24; 3139:1; 3150:21; 3210:23; 3212:15 3115:20; 3155:18; 3168:22; 3273:25; 3274:4 3179:10; 3200:8; 3245:2 metrics [1] - 3268:16 3185:18, 20; 3198:8; measured [1] - 3272:3 members [27] - 2992:23; MFT [1] - 3277:21 3219:10; 3264:20; measurement [1] - 3108:24 2998:8, 20, 25; 3004:7; mic [1] - 3166:8 3270:22; 3271:2, 20; measurements [2] - 3007:6, 24; 3012:24; Michael [3] - 2977:18; 3272:2, 6, 19, 23; 3273:6, 3258:20; 3272:6 3016:19; 3022:15; 3029:16 13, 20; 3274:8, 12; 3297:1; Measurements [1] - 3180:2 3023:21; 3031:18; 3037:1, Michalko [3] - 3058:18, 20 3298:20 measures [49] - 3132:24; 7; 3062:7, 22; 3064:10; Michif [2] - 3003:11; 3035:13 Mine [17] - 2989:11; 2998:12; 3133:18; 3136:16; 3149:8; 3085:16; 3096:5; 3101:13; Michigan [1] - 3003:19 3060:17; 3062:3; 3063:11, 3155:17; 3156:6; 3168:2; 3105:11; 3174:20; 3196:5, middle [5] - 3079:2; 3203:15; 21; 3101:5; 3108:4; 3227:13, 16; 3229:10, 13, 7; 3200:19; 3203:6; 3244:9 3307:14, 16 3157:24; 3186:5; 3203:17; 20, 25; 3240:15; 3244:22; memoire [2] - 3118:18; might [56] - 2991:3; 2996:10; 3218:12; 3220:9; 3238:23; 3283:7, 9; 3284:15, 25; 3290:10 3003:5; 3005:23; 3014:21; 3275:25 3286:3; 3293:12, 22; Memorial [1] - 2991:15 3108:2; 3110:2; 3122:1; MINE [3] - 2976:1; 2983:8; 3294:20, 25; 3295:5, 10, memory [2] - 3001:19; 3151:22; 3155:23; 3162:3; 3119:4 18; 3296:12, 17, 20-22; 3218:12 3166:8; 3173:23; 3178:23; mine-fleet [2] - 3273:13; 3297:3, 8, 11, 15, 24; mention [6] - 3027:6; 3098:4; 3182:10; 3191:20; 3194:4; 3274:8 3298:4, 8, 11, 14, 17; 3119:17; 3141:5; 3142:20; 3195:14; 3196:13; 3198:7, mine-related [1] - 3264:20 3299:20, 23; 3300:2, 18; 3155:11 13; 3200:21; 3202:21; mined [1] - 3150:20 3307:20; 3308:3; 3311:12 mentioned [28] - 3005:13; 3210:21; 3217:3; 3221:16, mines [3] - 3156:2; 3207:5; mechanism [3] - 3135:12; 3006:15; 3014:3; 3030:9; 18; 3225:21; 3227:25; 3211:1 3256:6; 3316:22 3032:25; 3037:19; 3230:11; 3244:24; 3245:1; mini [2] - 3043:6; 3276:23 mechanisms [1] - 3317:11 3044:18; 3046:4; 3050:25; 3248:13; 3253:16; mini-ponds [1] - 3276:23 media [7] - 2987:8, 17; 3058:6; 3076:13, 19; 3261:23; 3279:18; 3282:1; minimization [5] - 3133:17; 3090:25; 3091:9; 3250:19; 3080:4; 3082:15, 19; 3283:24; 3285:14; 3286:7, 3134:10, 13; 3149:13; 3253:22; 3290:11 3092:15; 3112:14; 3115:4; 20-21; 3291:9; 3297:3; 3151:3 medicines [2] - 3005:17; 3119:23; 3144:12; 3147:8; 3299:1; 3302:19; 3305:18; minimize [11] - 2997:9; 3015:19 3283:18; 3291:21; 3309:4, 3308:8, 12, 19; 3309:22; 3134:17; 3150:5, 10, 17, meds [1] - 3043:6 9; 3310:14; 3319:19 3313:19; 3320:20; 19; 3151:13; 3155:5; meet [12] - 3083:6; 3141:24; MERCURY [4] - 2985:6, 10; 3321:22; 3322:16; 3323:14 3168:5; 3230:1; 3307:21 3142:3; 3163:3, 7, 10, 18; 3177:18; 3178:11 migrated [1] - 3179:7 minimizes [1] - 3304:8 3164:6, 14; 3165:2, 12; mercury [47] - 3176:4; migrating [3] - 3304:5, 9; minimum [2] - 3225:19; 3196:25 3177:11; 3178:17; 3183:2, 3305:2 3287:9 meeting [27] - 3026:11; 24; 3184:1, 3, 5, 16, 24; migration [2] - 3026:9; mining [4] - 3126:9, 11;
Realtime Connection - the Realtime EXPERTS - [email protected] 28 Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion, Fort McKay, Alberta - Volume 13
3187:12, 17 3135:2, 13, 20; 3137:2; monitor [4] - 3234:4; mostly [3] - 3183:6; 3185:7; Minister [19] - 2978:23; 3149:5, 8; 3150:3, 7; 3298:22; 3304:10; 3305:12 3271:24 3034:23; 3042:12, 22; 3151:1, 10, 22; 3152:3; monitoring [74] - 3149:19, mother [1] - 3030:17 3043:17; 3044:10; 3155:4, 17, 19, 24; 3156:1, 21, 25; 3151:4; 3156:5, 15; move [19] - 2996:17; 3011:1; 3046:23; 3144:5, 10; 6, 10, 20; 3157:8, 14; 3157:3, 6; 3174:17; 3028:2; 3041:19; 3085:20; 3243:18; 3246:25; 3168:13, 21, 25; 3169:20; 3175:2; 3180:17; 3202:9, 3093:8; 3095:20; 3113:17; 3247:12, 23; 3253:8; 3173:22; 3174:5; 3227:13, 15, 17, 19; 3231:6; 3125:2; 3130:13; 3149:3; 3290:22 16; 3229:10, 13, 19, 25; 3233:15; 3236:16; 3237:5; 3221:24; 3231:20; 3270:4, MINISTER [8] - 2984:9; 3240:14; 3279:18; 3280:3, 3241:12; 3242:4, 8; 7; 3277:18; 3278:7; 2985:20; 3256:16; 3262:4 7; 3281:2, 24; 3282:23, 25; 3243:14; 3244:25; 3245:3, 3291:12; 3318:1 ministerial [1] - 3042:16 3283:7, 9, 14; 3284:15; 18, 23; 3246:14, 24; moved [4] - 3011:22; Ministers [4] - 3042:14; 3286:3, 20; 3293:10, 20; 3247:3; 3251:20; 3252:4, 3053:19; 3121:19; 3234:22 3158:4; 3161:14; 3321:6 3298:23; 3301:6, 13; 6; 3257:17; 3258:3, 10; movement [2] - 3041:24; MINISTRY [2] - 2985:20; 3303:7, 16; 3305:5, 10, 12, 3259:11, 14-15, 17, 19, 23, 3078:13 3256:17 20, 22; 3311:11; 3313:22; 25; 3260:4-6, 8, 16, 18-19, moving [14] - 2994:5; Ministry [1] - 3253:9 3316:4 24-25; 3261:1; 3273:19, 3006:8; 3026:6, 8, 10; minnow [1] - 3187:4 mitigations [5] - 3168:18; 22-24; 3274:3, 9; 3275:19, 3076:24; 3098:18; 3116:3; minnows [2] - 3187:4, 13 3292:6, 17, 19; 3305:8 22; 3286:11; 3297:20; 3148:25; 3161:13; Minor [1] - 2991:12 mixtures [1] - 3099:10 3304:17; 3305:16, 19; 3227:24; 3277:11; 3301:15 minute [4] - 2988:6; 3104:16; MNA's [1] - 3075:4 3310:15, 22; 3311:7, 10; MR [145] - 2980:8, 11, 16, 19, 3245:15; 3262:11 mobility [1] - 3029:22 3314:12; 3319:5; 3324:25 23; 2981:4, 23; 2982:18; minutes [11] - 3007:3; mode [1] - 3035:20 MONITORING [8] - 2984:6; 2983:4; 2987:7, 13, 22; 3025:8; 3059:8; 3065:5; model [14] - 3161:25; 2986:4; 3248:10; 3261:6 2988:14, 17; 2989:17, 3088:2, 6; 3122:16; 3214:22; 3218:4; 3264:25; Monitoring [7] - 3097:17; 22-24; 2990:7; 2991:7; 3192:25; 3262:9; 3301:19, 3266:12; 3267:24; 3268:5, 3098:14; 3099:17, 24; 3034:4; 3055:14, 18, 21 17, 20; 3270:10; 3275:23; 3174:24; 3247:21; 3314:5 24-25; 3056:6; 3057:6, 10, Miroslav [1] - 3101:15 3276:1, 5, 19 monitors [2] - 3274:7, 10 15; 3064:25; 3066:25; MIROSLAV [2] - 2981:20; modelled [1] - 3318:16 month [2] - 3053:25; 3199:11 3067:12; 3068:2; 3073:19; 3089:12 modellers [1] - 3269:14 months [2] - 2993:22; 3074:2, 11; 3075:21; miscellaneous [1] - 3032:20 Modelling [1] - 3098:20 3047:12 3080:11, 17; 3082:24; misdescribed [1] - 3238:8 modelling [23] - 3098:22; moose [1] - 3106:8 3084:12; 3086:2, 6; misinterpretation [1] - 3099:3; 3177:4; 3214:2, MORE [4] - 2985:5, 13; 3087:24; 3088:1, 7; 3258:6 8-9, 14, 23-24; 3215:11, 3177:17; 3192:13 3089:20; 3090:3; 3093:14, misled [1] - 3157:17 22; 3217:8; 3218:4; Morianos [1] - 2979:3 17, 25; 3094:3; 3095:25; 3100:21, 23; 3102:13; mismatched [1] - 3070:2 3264:9, 16; 3266:4; morning [16] - 2987:4; 3103:6; 3104:5; 3105:14; mispronouncing [1] - 3267:1, 18, 22; 3269:16, 3065:1, 7; 3067:16; 3234:1 23; 3270:2, 14 3089:23; 3090:22; 3107:23; 3110:1, 14; 3113:10; 3118:15; misrepresentation [1] - models [24] - 3213:22; 3096:11; 3100:23; 2998:23 3214:19; 3217:8, 12; 3102:13; 3103:6; 3104:15; 3119:10; 3121:18; 3122:6, 9, 13, 22; 3124:6; 3130:9; missing [3] - 3209:21; 3232:10; 3264:22; 3265:2, 3105:3; 3123:18; 3172:19; 3131:1, 8, 23; 3132:21; 3219:14; 3222:7 11, 15, 17, 22-23, 25; 3289:25; 3325:25 3266:6, 22; 3267:3, 10, 12; [1] 3133:25; 3140:4; 3142:25; mission [1] - 3003:6 MORNING - 2980:20 3268:12, 22; 3269:7 3146:18; 3149:11, 19; misstated [1] - 3237:15 Morrison [7] - 3099:20, 22; moderate [3] - 3106:10, 25; 3177:7; 3184:4; 3202:12; 3154:14; 3160:23; mistaken [1] - 3183:20 3109:8 3260:1, 22 3166:12; 3168:11; mistakes [1] - 2995:2 modifications [1] - 3325:16 MORRISON [11] - 2981:14; 3170:10; 3174:13; mistrust [1] - 3015:23 modified [1] - 3181:17 2985:4; 2986:3; 3089:1; 3175:23; 3178:13, 17, 20; misunderstood [3] - 3291:5, 3186:16; 3191:24; 3192:8; 7; 3309:25 moment [15] - 2989:18; 3176:23; 3177:15; 3184:7; 3105:19; 3110:10; 3186:8; 3202:14; 3260:3; 3194:6; 3197:20; 3201:19; mitigate [14] - 3132:25; 3261:4 3202:2; 3203:4; 3212:22; 3133:8, 19; 3136:17; 3114:14; 3130:16; 3214:7, 17, 19, 21; 3215:7, 3149:21; 3169:2, 6, 17; 3149:16; 3167:1; 3179:2; mortality [11] - 3140:16, 23; 16; 3226:15, 18-19; 3219:20; 3280:21; 3299:2; 3209:8; 3214:11; 3246:9; 3141:5, 8, 12-14; 3306:22; 3228:23; 3229:7; 3234:3, 3300:18; 3303:3; 3304:1 3264:13; 3278:6; 3309:4; 3307:2, 24 3325:21 most [21] - 2992:21; 2997:20, 20; 3237:7, 18; 3241:23; mitigated [1] - 3013:3 Monday [2] - 3121:20; 22; 3036:9; 3040:22; 3244:8; 3253:18; 3257:3; mitigating [7] - 3123:25; 3263:18 3150:13, 16; 3190:18, 25; 3262:19, 23; 3264:12; 3134:7; 3149:9, 14, 23; [5] 3206:12; 3217:20; 3224:3; 3270:13, 25; 3278:5, 23; 3150:14; 3169:13 money - 3013:12; 3053:22; 3068:5, 11, 14 3248:13; 3250:11; 3287:14; 3288:7; 3290:6, mitigation [77] - 3069:14; 3269:22; 3270:14; 20; 3291:6, 14; 3295:9; 3113:4; 3126:2; 3133:7, monies [2] - 3045:23; 3276:12; 3324:2, 6, 22 3301:20; 3302:3; 3304:3; 12, 14-15, 18; 3134:9; 3068:17
Realtime Connection - the Realtime EXPERTS - [email protected] 29 Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion, Fort McKay, Alberta - Volume 13
3306:6; 3324:6; 3325:20; multiplied [1] - 3108:25 3047:1, 20-22, 24-25; 3051:1, 11, 14; 3053:17; 3326:3 Municipality [2] - 2979:2; 3048:19; 3049:5; 3050:7, 3059:19; 3060:16; 3061:4; MRM [1] - 3276:2 3137:22 18, 23; 3051:1, 11, 13; 3064:6; 3068:21; 3069:4; MS [140] - 2982:3, 8, 10, 13; Murphy [7] - 2978:7; 3053:17; 3054:24; 3056:5; 3074:22; 3080:5, 19-20; 2985:4; 2988:1, 15; 3262:21; 3278:2, 10; 3059:18; 3060:16; 3061:4; 3082:14; 3084:6; 3278:11; 2989:13; 2990:9, 18; 3290:19; 3301:15; 3302:1 3062:12; 3063:3; 3064:6; 3300:25; 3311:19; 3312:25 3020:5; 3057:4, 8; MURPHY [10] - 2982:18; 3065:24; 3067:23; NATION [13] - 2980:5, 9, 12, 3065:11; 3086:13; 3087:4, 3262:23; 3278:5; 3290:20; 3068:20; 3069:2, 4-5, 15, 17, 21; 2981:2; 2982:18; 19; 3096:11; 3104:4, 9, 3291:14; 3301:20; 3302:3; 18; 3070:10, 14; 3071:18; 2988:11; 2989:20; 14-15, 19; 3105:2; 3325:20; 3326:3 3073:4; 3074:22; 3076:2, 2990:12; 3055:21; 3107:15; 3108:7; 3109:16; Museum [1] - 2991:12 9; 3078:13, 18, 20; 3073:24; 3278:5 3110:6, 10; 3113:21; museum [1] - 2993:14 3079:13, 15-16, 21; nation-to-nation [1] - 3044:8 3114:6; 3115:13, 18, 22; muskeg [1] - 3275:24 3080:5, 20; 3081:4, 20, 24; National [21] - 3034:2, 11-12, 3118:23; 3119:6; 3120:12; Muskeg [20] - 3016:3; 3082:3, 14, 23; 3083:2, 20; 18; 3035:23; 3036:25; 3123:16; 3129:20; 3198:25; 3203:16, 20; 3084:10, 23; 3085:15; 3037:4, 9; 3039:2; 3042:2; 3130:24; 3131:3, 13; 3204:5; 3207:1, 5, 7, 18; 3086:16 3046:10; 3047:21; 3083:3; 3132:1; 3133:22; 3134:24; 3208:7; 3214:13; 3242:13, Métis-specific [1] - 3031:15 3098:1, 20, 25; 3099:6, 14; 3137:3; 3139:23; 3141:4; 20; 3275:25; 3279:9, 22; 3175:21; 3186:22; 3199:15 3142:1; 3149:16; 3150:21; 3280:4, 8; 3282:2; 3283:13 N national [10] - 3037:1, 19; 3152:6, 13, 23; 3153:4, must [8] - 3051:20; 3070:25; 3042:20; 3043:5; 3047:2; 9-10; 3157:21; 3162:10, 3081:6, 11; 3082:5; 3051:25; 3053:19; 3054:6, name [12] - 3004:20; 3058:6; 21; 3163:5; 3167:21; 3085:5; 3204:17; 3249:11 9; 3085:7 3089:24; 3096:13; 3170:2; 3171:24; 3172:4, MÉTIS [11] - 2980:5, 9, 12, nationally [1] - 3037:21 3100:25; 3102:14; 3103:9; 10-11, 25; 3174:19; 17, 21; 2981:2; 2988:11; Nations [15] - 2996:5; 3105:3; 3172:12; 3234:1; 3176:19, 23; 3177:15, 21; 2989:20; 2990:12; 3000:16; 3007:14; 3278:10; 3327:14 3178:16, 19, 22; 3179:3, 6, 3055:21; 3073:24 3013:19; 3028:21; 3035:8; named [2] - 2978:20; 3219:2 9, 12, 18; 3180:13; 3184:7; Métis [238] - 2978:12, 18; 3041:7; 3070:9, 13, 15; NAMED [11] - 2980:5, 10, 12, 3186:8, 21; 3192:1, 17, 23; 2987:20; 2988:23; 2992:3, 3084:2; 3129:13; 3288:12, 18, 22; 2981:3; 2988:12; 3193:1, 11, 18, 22; 5, 15, 22; 2993:3, 6, 18, 17; 3300:24 2989:21; 2990:13; 3196:17; 3198:15; 3200:2; 20, 23, 25; 2994:7, 13, 18, Native [2] - 3034:14; 3046:22 3055:22; 3073:25 3201:10, 22; 3202:3, 14; 22; 2995:11, 17, 20, 25; NATURAL [2] - 2981:18; namely [1] - 3273:12 3221:24; 3222:5, 8, 15; 2996:2, 4, 10-11; 2998:9, 3089:9 names [1] - 3025:6 3226:2, 12, 21; 3237:19; 14, 20, 25; 2999:15, 20; Natural [14] - 3021:3; Namur [2] - 3063:5, 9 3238:4, 18; 3244:21; 3000:15, 18; 3001:13; 3084:19; 3090:5; 3100:22; Nancy [3] - 2979:15; 3327:3, 3246:8; 3247:22; 3248:4, 3002:17; 3003:10, 14; 3101:2, 4; 3103:22; 19 12, 17; 3253:5; 3255:24; 3004:17, 20-21; 3005:2, 3116:7, 11; 3117:3; naphthenic [11] - 3157:19; 3258:13; 3259:20; 3260:3; 21, 23; 3006:6; 3007:11, 3143:1, 7, 11; 3290:22 3158:7, 14, 18; 3159:4, 6, 3261:11, 23; 3262:8, 14; 13-14, 22; 3008:1, 7; natural [9] - 3104:24; 3160:6; 9; 3160:4, 9, 13; 3161:4 3263:13; 3264:4, 7; 3011:9; 3012:10, 18; 3216:16; 3235:4, 10, 12; 3270:1; 3275:6; 3277:23; 3013:19, 25; 3014:14, 20; naptha [3] - 3276:10, 19 3236:3, 25; 3282:11 Narrows [2] - 3045:4, 20 3289:23; 3291:20; 3301:2; 3015:10, 15; 3016:13, 16; nature [7] - 3092:18; 3093:1; 3302:21; 3305:13; 3308:4; 3017:4, 6, 9, 13, 23; NAs [1] - 3160:13 3181:11; 3184:6; 3198:22; 3319:7; 3321:17; 3325:4 3018:1, 11, 16; 3019:1, Nastev [2] - 3101:15, 17 3258:21; 3282:9 Mueller [1] - 2977:11 15-16; 3020:8; 3022:6, 8; NASTEV [2] - 2981:20; Navigable [1] - 3103:13 Muir [10] - 3179:20; 3023:16, 18, 20, 23; 3089:12 near [2] - 3186:3; 3190:22 [4] 3188:20-22; 3318:20; 3024:4, 9, 14, 21, 23; nation - 3036:16; 3044:8; nearby [1] - 3079:24 3052:20 3319:9, 15; 3320:25; 3026:6; 3027:12, 24; nearly [1] - 3086:4 3321:4 Nation [82] - 2978:7, 11, 14, 3028:10, 22-23; 3029:3, 5, nebulous [1] - 2996:13 MUIR [1] - 3179:20 16, 18, 22; 2987:20; 12, 15, 19; 3031:15; necessarily [7] - 3079:23; multi [4] - 3248:22; 3254:6, 3033:1, 4; 3034:2, 9-12, 2992:8, 10, 15; 2993:3, 5, 3258:25; 3294:4; 3303:12; 8; 3255:3 16, 18; 3035:1, 5, 23-24; 25; 2994:7, 18; 2997:4-6; 3314:20; 3317:7; 3322:18 multi-stakeholder [3] - 3007:13; 3017:16, 19, 23; 3036:3, 18, 20-22, 24-25; necessary [8] - 2996:8; 3018:1; 3019:1, 14; 3248:22; 3254:8; 3255:3 3037:3, 7, 9, 13, 16, 21; 3014:14; 3068:24; 3020:8; 3034:9; 3035:24; multi-stakeholders [1] - 3038:2, 4, 10, 16, 21, 23; 3069:19; 3205:15; 3036:18, 20-22, 24; 3254:6 3039:2, 9, 19, 21; 3040:2, 3297:15, 25; 3311:12 3037:3, 7, 14, 16, 21; multifaceted [2] - 3204:21; 6, 9, 11, 13, 17, 23; need [51] - 2999:11; 3012:17; 3038:2, 4, 10, 16, 23; 3205:5 3041:1, 4, 8, 12, 25; 3018:20; 3025:4; 3043:2; 3039:9, 19, 21; 3040:6; multiple [5] - 3022:3; 3042:3, 7, 11, 15; 3043:3, 3044:16; 3047:8; 3049:24; 3041:25; 3042:1, 3, 12; 3024:17; 3118:11; 8-9, 15, 18, 23; 3044:1, 3, 3053:4, 13; 3054:23; 3043:8; 3044:5; 3047:20, 3239:25; 3311:8 5; 3045:2, 20; 3046:5, 10; 3072:2; 3081:12; 3083:5, 22; 3049:5; 3050:7;
Realtime Connection - the Realtime EXPERTS - [email protected] 30 Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion, Fort McKay, Alberta - Volume 13
14, 16; 3087:17; 3093:7; 23; 3261:24; 3262:21; noted [2] - 3152:4; 3317:8 O 3111:14; 3114:14; 3263:18; 3291:15; 3322:23 notes [1] - 3056:23 3117:13; 3119:8; 3121:14, nice [2] - 3059:7; 3106:2 nothing [3] - 3016:20; 21; 3127:4; 3130:23; Nielsen [3] - 2979:15; 3076:22; 3269:10 O'Callaghan [1] - 2978:22 3132:10; 3139:5; 3142:8; 3327:3, 19 notice [3] - 3085:5; 3183:23; o'clock [1] - 3302:2 3146:1; 3149:16; 3151:7; night [3] - 3024:3; 3033:23; 3187:19 Oakley [1] - 3004:14 3157:8; 3159:17; 3166:8; 3170:14 noticeably [1] - 3250:11 OATH [2] - 2980:7; 2988:13 3202:9; 3217:5, 7; NO [5] - 2976:4; 2980:2; noticed [2] - 3174:14; 3190:5 oath [1] - 2988:16 3225:21; 3232:5; 3245:7; 2983:2; 2985:2 Notices [1] - 3095:6 Obijbwe [1] - 3035:10 3262:12, 16; 3263:22; nobody [3] - 3016:21; novel [1] - 3125:2 object [3] - 3066:20; 3301:17; 3323:12, 14 3054:7; 3230:22 NOVEMBER [3] - 2976:16; 3113:10; 3290:17 needed [4] - 3035:2; nocturnal [1] - 3154:25 2980:3; 2982:20 objection [1] - 3118:21 3241:12; 3242:8; 3246:16 non [7] - 3001:9; 3013:21; November [5] - 2987:1; objective [6] - 3115:11; needing [1] - 3015:20 3072:22; 3097:13; 3091:18; 3224:4; 3326:9; 3120:9; 3159:5; 3160:8; Needs [1] - 3225:11 3147:21; 3266:22 3327:14 3161:22; 3303:11 needs [14] - 2996:16; 3025:3; Non [1] - 2978:15 NOx [2] - 3274:15, 20 objectives [9] - 2996:21; 3026:2; 3051:21; 3077:3; non-Aboriginal [1] - 3001:9 NPRI [11] - 2985:5, 9; 3037:23; 3158:6; 3159:9; 3080:2, 4; 3114:11; non-existent [1] - 3013:21 3175:25; 3176:11, 15, 25; 3160:13, 17; 3234:4; 3138:6; 3179:13; 3218:18; non-federal [1] - 3147:21 3177:4, 9, 16; 3178:1, 9 3249:3, 15 3255:10; 3304:21 non-game [1] - 3097:13 NRCAN [2] - 2981:18; 3089:9 obligation [2] - 3145:13, 24 NEEDS [2] - 2983:22; 3238:2 non-reducible [1] - 3266:22 NRCan [4] - 3101:4, 12; obligations [3] - 3130:8; negative [5] - 3125:15; non-specific [1] - 3072:22 3102:10; 3289:18 3131:16; 3132:3 3126:4, 7; 3211:11; 3212:2 Non-Status [1] - 2978:15 NRCan's [7] - 3101:7, 10, 12, observed [3] - 3188:8; negligible [2] - 3267:8, 15 non-technical [1] - 3072:22 18; 3102:2; 3275:2, 5 3190:24; 3248:21 negotiate [5] - 3039:4, 13; none [3] - 3047:12; 3175:10; NUMBER [2] - 2985:17; obtain [1] - 3179:6 3042:19; 3047:21 3283:16 3226:10 obtained [3] - 3191:20; negotiated [1] - 3040:21 normal [2] - 3211:18; 3269:3 number [82] - 2991:21; 3274:2; 3312:11 negotiating [1] - 3051:10 normally [1] - 3301:18 2998:4; 3014:19; 3015:15; Obtained [1] - 3180:1 negotiation [1] - 3083:1 north [14] - 2991:23; 3019:6; 3028:4, 8, 22; obviously [24] - 3084:9; negotiations [3] - 3039:7; 3009:24; 3010:21; 3011:1; 3029:12; 3031:10; 3042:5; 3110:15; 3122:25; 3138:3; 3046:21; 3053:9 3028:1; 3076:24; 3126:18; 3056:18; 3057:8, 11; 3139:5; 3151:3; 3153:15; neighbour [1] - 3068:19 3146:17; 3147:5, 9, 20, 25; 3059:25; 3060:21; 3164:24; 3174:21; 3195:2; nesting [2] - 3304:5, 9 3243:9 3064:19, 24; 3068:15; 3200:10; 3245:5, 12; net [1] - 3227:23 NORTH [2] - 2983:8; 3119:4 3074:5; 3076:12; 3083:25; 3261:12; 3282:6; 3303:6; Net [1] - 3230:6 North [1] - 3157:23 3087:20; 3092:2, 14; 3304:6; 3308:5; 3309:24; 3314:6; 3316:5; 3317:8, network [1] - 3194:15 north-eastern [10] - 2991:23; 3097:9; 3109:15; 3111:16; neurotoxin [1] - 3184:1 3076:24; 3126:18; 3124:15; 3125:18; 24; 3321:18 never [5] - 2989:7; 2990:4, 6; 3146:17; 3147:5, 9, 20, 25; 3126:20; 3135:22, 25; occasion [1] - 3188:5 3027:3; 3318:13 3243:9 3136:9; 3137:5, 7; 3139:9; occasions [1] - 3195:8 new [19] - 2987:9; 3066:6; northeast [1] - 3045:8 3140:4; 3142:11; 3143:1, occur [11] - 3111:18; 3067:7; 3195:14; 3225:9; Northeastern [2] - 2993:24; 5; 3151:9; 3157:16; 3124:17, 23; 3127:21; 3230:9, 11; 3244:24; 2994:22 3160:25; 3173:9; 3174:20; 3136:10; 3151:14; 3208:7; 3210:21; 3221:18; 3245:18; 3247:3; 3258:9; Northern [9] - 2987:11; 3187:25; 3194:13; 3195:7; 3259:10; 3260:17; 3008:13, 19; 3028:5; 3196:7; 3223:10, 16; 3285:16; 3324:23 3267:11; 3269:20; 3288:1; 3096:16; 3102:16; 3225:5, 24; 3226:6, 14, 20; occurred [1] - 3149:15 3310:16 3103:11, 15; 3194:11 3232:7; 3236:20; 3245:6, occurrence [1] - 3272:11 Newfoundland [1] - 2991:15 northern [5] - 3005:4; 11, 23; 3246:1; 3247:2; occurring [4] - 3091:18; news [8] - 3278:15, 17; 3040:4; 3048:16; 3241:14; 3256:25; 3259:21; 3188:18; 3209:11; 3286:13 3289:19, 24-25; 3290:11 3242:10 3265:18; 3271:6; 3278:16; ocean [1] - 3232:16 3284:4; 3293:25; 3294:3; newspaper [3] - 3092:15; Northwest [4] - 3029:2; ocean's [1] - 3232:17 3290:7; 3291:11 3035:17; 3076:4; 3096:18 3295:9; 3314:2, 10; Oceans [10] - 3090:6; 3316:4; 3317:10; 3318:24; next [31] - 3010:2; 3046:1; northwest [4] - 3045:3, 7; 3102:12, 15-16, 21; 3051:19; 3081:22; 3076:14, 17 3319:2; 3320:25 3197:16; 3203:1; 3238:21; numbered [1] - 2990:23 3100:21; 3101:20; NOT [6] - 2986:5-7; 3261:7, 3241:16; 3253:25 3102:11; 3106:16; 3121:7; 9; 3289:13 numbers [6] - 3060:6; OCEANS [2] - 2981:8; 3168:16; 3170:8; 3176:24; 3155:2; 3157:1, 16; note [11] - 3017:17; 3026:18; 3088:14 3165:23; 3166:23; 3167:6; 3035:5; 3067:12; 3106:1; 3219:8; 3269:8 OCR [1] - 2979:16 3193:6; 3207:14; 3214:5; 3138:10; 3140:13; numerous [1] - 3264:19 October [21] - 3048:24; 3227:6; 3232:25; 3238:5; 3155:10; 3165:22; Nunavit [1] - 3096:18 3059:19; 3065:22; 3090:4; 3241:7; 3243:16; 3246:6, 3237:20; 3325:24 3091:2; 3094:7; 3096:7;
Realtime Connection - the Realtime EXPERTS - [email protected] 31 Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion, Fort McKay, Alberta - Volume 13
3103:23; 3104:2; 3105:8; 2985:5; 3177:17; 3238:16; 3074:6; 3077:8; 3078:4, 3137:24; 3138:1; 3246:8; 3123:19; 3140:14; 3248:10 11; 3079:1; 3080:10; 3301:3 3143:18; 3153:12; 3154:7; oil [43] - 3073:1; 3102:4; 3085:16; 3087:19; Operational [2] - 3152:8, 13 3165:22; 3167:22; 3105:12, 18; 3154:24; 3090:21; 3091:25; OPERATIONAL [2] - 3237:16; 3238:6; 3244:20 3160:5; 3165:20, 25; 3094:17; 3107:4; 3111:18; 2983:11; 3153:6 OCTOBER [2] - 2983:8; 3166:7, 14; 3169:8; 3112:18, 24; 3113:25; operationalized [1] - 3246:6 3119:4 3175:20; 3177:9; 3180:16; 3115:13; 3119:1; 3125:24; Operations [2] - 3096:14; odours [2] - 3062:15 3187:11; 3194:4; 3198:8; 3126:14, 25; 3127:1; 3194:11 OF [83] - 2976:1, 3, 5-6, 8-9, 3202:6; 3203:23; 3206:22; 3135:13; 3137:9; 3138:4; operations [2] - 3166:1; 12; 2980:1, 5-6, 9, 12, 17, 3219:4; 3224:25; 3236:11; 3140:15, 20; 3143:20; 3168:4 21; 2981:1, 7, 24; 3237:13; 3241:20; 3243:2, 3150:25; 3151:8; 3152:5, operator [3] - 3203:24; 2982:1-3, 7-10, 12-13, 17; 4, 15; 3249:7; 3251:24; 21; 3157:19; 3174:14; 3206:23; 3323:8 2983:1, 3, 5, 8, 12, 20, 22; 3252:16; 3257:19; 3182:14; 3187:24; operators [6] - 3155:19; 2984:1, 4, 8; 2985:1, 9, 19, 3260:20; 3296:4; 3297:1; 3191:11; 3201:21; 3207:9; 3156:2; 3209:14; 3225:9; 21; 2986:1, 4; 2988:11, 13; 3311:13; 3313:6; 3315:15; 3210:14; 3219:17; 3221:7; 3259:12; 3260:15 2989:20; 2990:12; 3316:1; 3317:15; 3324:3; 3222:19; 3224:8, 11; opine [1] - 3230:21 3055:21; 3073:24; 3325:2 3225:14, 17; 3232:3, 24; opinion [19] - 3047:6; 3087:24; 3088:11; Oil [21] - 2979:1; 3023:3; 3234:4; 3241:3; 3243:10, 3071:21; 3075:14; 3076:7; 3093:23; 3095:24; 3030:6; 3098:13; 3099:17; 16; 3244:12, 24; 3247:22; 3092:11; 3118:20; 3104:13; 3119:3; 3123:15; 3105:4; 3124:9; 3154:4; 3251:13; 3257:5; 3259:9, 3119:25; 3125:25; 3133:7; 3153:7; 3172:9; 3178:8; 3162:12; 3176:2; 3180:1; 20; 3261:12; 3264:2, 17; 3149:7; 3173:5; 3174:12; 3222:12; 3238:1, 16; 3183:8; 3198:24; 3220:17; 3269:4; 3270:1; 3272:9; 3206:21; 3216:24; 3217:7; 3256:15, 17; 3261:5; 3234:5; 3238:10, 22; 3273:8; 3275:24; 3276:6, 3274:16, 20; 3275:7; 3262:2; 3278:4 3243:17; 3247:16, 21; 23; 3278:10; 3281:24; 3277:13 off-site [2] - 3141:5, 7 3314:4 3282:6, 8, 21; 3283:4; opinions [1] - 3056:25 offer [1] - 3173:10 Oil's [1] - 3203:17 3284:11; 3286:4; 3290:21; opportunities [4] - 3013:20; offered [1] - 3012:5 oils [1] - 3307:22 3291:22; 3301:12; 3304:3; 3151:9; 3257:8; 3280:5 3309:12; 3310:14; offering [1] - 3298:23 OILSANDS [4] - 2983:13; opportunity [14] - 2990:10; offhand [1] - 3186:11 2984:5; 3162:17; 3248:8 3312:23; 3314:16; 3316:7, 3007:18; 3043:18; 3049:8; OFFICE [2] - 2983:20; Oilsands [3] - 3097:16; 14; 3317:7; 3318:10; 3065:22; 3066:8, 22; 3222:12 3099:24; 3174:24 3319:17, 24; 3320:6, 18, 3100:17; 3281:5, 8, 15; 21, 23; 3321:4; 3325:21 office [4] - 3054:7, 10; old [8] - 3002:3; 3006:12; 3282:1; 3310:16 one's [1] - 3094:23 3099:7; 3323:3 3007:10; 3011:12; opposed [2] - 3127:20; Office [4] - 3218:25; 3024:11; 3124:14; 3134:21 one-and-a-half [1] - 3070:10 3218:6 one-half-time [1] - 3019:7 3224:13; 3238:11; 3239:3 old-growth [2] - 3124:14; option [5] - 3151:18, 24; officer [2] - 3322:20; 3323:12 3134:21 one-offs [1] - 3272:9 3232:3 Officer [3] - 3097:19; 3101:2; olive [1] - 3143:8 ones [3] - 3055:2; 3195:2; options [36] - 3135:13; 3103:13 Oliver [1] - 3290:22 3293:14 3136:3; 3151:1; 3152:5; officers [3] - 3322:3, 12; ON [1] - 2982:19 ongoing [5] - 3092:21; 3155:4, 20, 24; 3156:1, 10, 3323:2 on-the-ground [5] - 3037:8; 3156:15; 3230:17; 3252:4 20-21; 3168:13; 3169:1; offices [1] - 3100:11 3081:2; 3082:4; 3246:24; online [3] - 2993:10; 3091:11 3173:22; 3231:1, 17, 21, Official [2] - 3327:3, 20 3249:22 Onovwiona [1] - 2977:15 24; 3232:20, 22; 3282:19, official [2] - 3219:5, 24 onboard [1] - 3274:7 onsite [1] - 3305:18 23, 25; 3283:14, 20, 24; officials [4] - 3042:18, 24; once [9] - 3013:18; 3046:11; Ontario [12] - 3036:12, 20; 3284:1; 3286:4; 3295:16; 3043:9; 3100:24 3086:17; 3127:25; 3039:8, 10, 20, 22; 3040:5; 3296:6; 3301:12; 3303:7; offs [1] - 3272:9 3188:11; 3259:1; 3266:11; 3042:14; 3082:15, 20 3316:4 offset [8] - 3134:1, 5; 3276:15 open [3] - 3045:4; 3053:20; OR [10] - 2985:13, 16; 3135:23; 3205:22; 3210:5; one [148] - 2988:1; 2993:23; 3230:19 2986:7-9; 3192:13; 3226:9; 3281:12; 3282:2; 3284:6 3001:4, 17; 3005:15; OPENING [2] - 2983:3; 3289:13, 15 offsets [18] - 3134:6, 14, 19; 3008:13; 3010:24; 3011:2; 3087:24 oral [2] - 2995:1; 3030:8 3135:18; 3136:25; 3016:18; 3018:11; 3019:7, Opening [4] - 2990:25; order [14] - 2978:5; 3068:16; 3137:13, 16, 20; 3139:12; 12; 3021:17; 3022:2; 2991:1; 3019:24; 3057:16 3104:25; 3118:19; 3149:5, 9, 25; 3150:1, 4, 6; 3024:19; 3027:1; 3028:8, opening [3] - 2991:5; 3137:20; 3152:19; 3151:16; 3203:18 14-15; 3030:4, 14, 18, 24; 3087:21; 3121:8 3196:25; 3205:8; 3245:8; often [10] - 3013:24; 3014:1; 3031:10, 18, 24; 3034:7; opens [2] - 3070:23 3249:12, 14; 3273:21; 3022:16; 3025:10; 3043:7, 16; 3045:17; operate [2] - 3038:8; 3240:1 3303:20; 3316:23 3054:16; 3059:11; 3049:23; 3050:6; 3051:14, operating [2] - 3212:16; ordinary [1] - 3268:24 3068:22; 3126:17; 16; 3053:14; 3060:12; 3321:21 ordination [2] - 3096:21; 3248:23; 3273:10 3062:20; 3069:3, 25; operation [1] - 3322:24 3194:12 OIL [7] - 2976:8; 2984:4, 7; 3070:10; 3071:6; 3072:8; operational [5] - 3133:20; organic [1] - 3189:20
Realtime Connection - the Realtime EXPERTS - [email protected] 32 Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion, Fort McKay, Alberta - Volume 13
Organic [1] - 3102:8 3085:1; 3095:14; 3142:20; paleo-limnology [1] - 2989:22; 2990:14; organization [8] - 3034:5, 7, 3198:17; 3258:23; 3299:5; 3189:11 3055:23; 3074:1; 3088:11; 13; 3036:1; 3050:10, 14, 3312:15, 21 pamphlet [2] - 3056:7; 3104:14; 3123:16; 16; 3076:8 owned [2] - 3001:8; 3002:14 3117:18 3172:10; 3248:8; 3278:4 organizations [2] - 3034:17; owner [3] - 3001:13; 3002:2, Panel [97] - 2977:3, 7; Panel's [3] - 3119:14, 23; 3075:3 4 2991:9; 2992:4; 2994:17; 3220:24 organizations.. [1] - 3250:20 ownership [3] - 3000:25; 3001:19; 3002:22; PANELS [2] - 2981:25; organized [1] - 3036:17 3052:21 3006:24; 3010:1; 3014:10, 3095:24 orientate [1] - 3110:16 owns [1] - 3000:21 13; 3017:21; 3020:20; PAPER [2] - 2985:13; orientation [1] - 3072:17 3034:5; 3038:21; 3049:18; 3192:12 original [6] - 3009:11, 14; P 3050:1; 3069:5; 3073:17, paper [19] - 3059:22; 3030:12; 3036:7; 3110:23; 20; 3074:19; 3090:8, 10; 3081:17; 3093:20; 3167:7; 3153:20 3091:2, 14; 3093:4, 8; 3179:24; 3180:4; 3183:14; P.M [5] - 2982:5, 15-16, 19 originally [4] - 3003:15; 3094:14; 3095:7, 11, 18; 3191:11, 22; 3192:5; p.m [10] - 3120:16, 19-20; 3025:15; 3029:17; 3057:14 3096:12; 3097:3; 3100:14, 3199:16, 20; 3200:2, 12; 3121:1, 3; 3263:4, 7-8, 11; origins [1] - 3023:9 16, 24; 3101:6, 10; 3201:20, 23; 3202:4, 15; 3326:7 OSEC [9] - 2982:3, 8, 10, 13; 3102:13; 3108:5; 3112:12; 3272:15 Pacific [1] - 3232:15 3104:14; 3123:16; 3113:16, 19; 3122:14; papers [4] - 3051:11; package [3] - 3093:13; 3153:25; 3158:9; 3172:10 3126:6; 3139:1, 6, 8; 3191:14; 3196:16; 3259:8 3098:6; 3151:8 OSEC's [1] - 3155:8 3150:21; 3151:20; paraffinic [1] - 3276:13 PAGE [3] - 2980:2; 2983:2; Osume [1] - 2979:11 3153:22; 3154:19; paragraph [30] - 3107:5; 2985:2 Osuoka [1] - 2979:11 3157:25; 3173:1, 19; 3110:9, 15, 17, 19; 3118:1; page [107] - 2996:22; 2998:5; 3191:21; 3192:19; 3194:5; Ottawa [3] - 3033:24; 3098:1; 3144:17; 3159:13, 23; 3001:8, 10, 12; 3006:9; 3099:7 3195:15; 3197:14; 3207:15; 3208:16; 3211:5; 3009:21; 3023:8, 11, 15; 3198:11, 21; 3200:8; ought [1] - 3291:12 3226:24; 3227:6; 3236:5; 3033:13; 3059:24; 3060:1; 3201:5; 3203:6, 10; ourselves [4] - 3034:8; 3237:5; 3239:18; 3241:7; 3063:19; 3071:5, 25; 3218:2; 3220:16, 20; 3035:4; 3044:6; 3046:11 3242:25; 3248:18; 3250:5, 3072:1, 4, 6; 3091:10; 3224:14; 3225:23; outcome [2] - 3269:15; 22; 3251:17; 3254:12; 3105:24; 3106:16; 3107:5; 3243:17; 3244:14; 3245:2; 3316:24 3257:13; 3306:15, 21; 3110:9; 3117:18; 3127:3; 3247:16; 3252:11, 14, 22; 3317:13; 3323:20 outlets [2] - 2987:8, 17 3132:19; 3138:11; 3142:8; 3263:23; 3267:23; parallel [1] - 3265:13 outline [2] - 3174:1, 7 3143:17; 3144:16; 3278:25; 3290:21; parameters [1] - 3269:3 outlined [7] - 3060:8; 3145:18; 3154:12; 3291:25; 3292:25; 3293:1, 3064:11; 3114:7, 16; parcel [1] - 3134:2 3157:17; 3159:15; 7; 3294:23; 3295:24; 3124:7; 3137:5; 3148:23 pardon [1] - 3123:13 3167:23; 3170:7, 20; 3299:11; 3302:6, 12; outlines [2] - 3151:1, 9 Park [1] - 2976:23 3173:25; 3203:7; 3207:11, 3308:19; 3318:11; 3326:3 Outlook [1] - 3289:21 Parker [1] - 3030:3 14-16; 3208:13; 3211:3, 6; panel [55] - 2987:21; output [2] - 3251:6; 3269:4 Parks [2] - 3144:6, 11 3212:19; 3213:18; 2990:19; 2992:22; outset [1] - 3090:22 Parot [1] - 3186:20 3219:7-13; 3221:2, 5; 3007:21; 3015:10; outside [11] - 3036:13; Parrott [2] - 3186:20; 3226:21, 23; 3234:18; 3016:24; 3033:2; 3055:15; 3043:23; 3175:3, 7; 3187:15 3236:4; 3237:22; 3239:9, 3066:13; 3074:4; 3086:10; parrott [1] - 3186:21 3230:24; 3231:21; 3253:1; 16; 3244:1; 3248:14; 3087:12, 18; 3090:19; part [51] - 2994:5, 17; 3290:4; 3302:23; 3313:12; 3251:16; 3253:17; 3092:24; 3094:5; 3096:1; 3323:16 3011:14; 3025:9; 3028:7, 3254:11; 3257:13; 3264:9, 3097:6; 3104:6; 3105:3, 18; 3034:13; 3040:21; outstanding [2] - 3048:18; 14; 3270:20; 3272:18; 11; 3115:20; 3121:14; 3041:6; 3047:22; 3048:1; 3195:25 3275:2, 4-5; 3279:5; 3122:7, 15; 3124:4; 3073:14; 3075:21; overall [10] - 3096:20; 3291:19, 22; 3292:9; 3125:23; 3129:18; 3076:25; 3077:7; 3079:18; 3098:14; 3164:12; 3293:9; 3306:14; 3307:15; 3130:11; 3139:18; 3094:17; 3109:8; 3113:6; 3194:12; 3210:7, 9, 24; 3311:1; 3323:19 3155:22; 3156:9; 3161:15; 3127:16; 3130:7; 3131:15; 3265:14; 3292:6, 15 PAGES [1] - 2976:18 3167:18; 3168:8; 3171:24; 3132:2; 3134:7; 3152:1; overestimated [2] - 3274:16, pages [13] - 3008:18; 3023:6, 3172:11; 3173:7; 3174:2, 3154:2; 3156:22; 3161:13; 19 19; 3031:9; 3070:7, 10; 15, 20; 3179:13; 3193:20; 3180:4, 16; 3195:19; oversight [1] - 3254:22 3071:22; 3086:15, 17; 3200:1, 5, 17; 3243:22; 3196:7; 3216:19; 3224:3; OVERVIEW [2] - 2983:6; 3093:19; 3219:14; 3222:6; 3244:15; 3253:13; 3239:22; 3259:17, 19; 3107:21 3307:14 3262:17; 3277:24; 3278:9; 3280:2, 6, 24; 3282:24; overwhelming [1] - 3212:7 PAH [5] - 3189:24; 3190:5, 3291:4; 3326:4 3285:20; 3291:23; 3301:7; owed [4] - 3075:19, 22, 24 10 PANEL [28] - 2976:1; 2977:2, 3305:18; 3310:21; 3315:2, own [21] - 3001:23; 3010:10; PAHs [5] - 3189:16, 23; 14; 2980:6, 10, 13, 18, 23; 4; 3318:10; 3325:4 3018:7, 22; 3022:13; 3190:2; 3191:6; 3200:25 2981:4, 7; 2982:3, 8, 10, partially [1] - 3196:5 3035:2, 10; 3037:14, 17; paid [1] - 3074:24 13, 17; 2984:6; 2988:12; Participant [2] - 3154:6; 3073:1; 3075:15; 3084:14; paleo [1] - 3189:11
Realtime Connection - the Realtime EXPERTS - [email protected] 33 Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion, Fort McKay, Alberta - Volume 13
3162:14 pathways [2] - 3264:20; 3200:20; 3224:22; permitted [2] - 3175:1; PARTICIPANT [2] - 2983:14; 3277:17 3227:25; 3228:4; 3244:2, 3223:14 3162:19 Patricia [3] - 3025:25; 14; 3302:4; 3316:24 persistence [1] - 3324:16 participants [4] - 3223:19, 3026:19; 3098:9 people's [2] - 3021:23; person [13] - 3000:14, 21; 22; 3224:1; 3253:3 PATRICIA [2] - 2981:13; 3064:12 3013:20; 3018:11; 3045:2; participate [3] - 3256:2, 7; 3088:24 Peoples [1] - 3034:15 3052:22; 3076:8; 3085:16; 3257:1 pattern [1] - 3185:12 peoples [6] - 3034:24; 3094:19; 3175:19, 24; participated [3] - 3239:1, 13; patterns [2] - 2998:16; 3035:4; 3046:25; 3048:10; 3178:23 3314:6 3062:15 3081:3; 3312:15 person's [1] - 3030:24 participation [3] - 2978:25; Paul [2] - 2977:14; 2978:17 peoples' [1] - 3035:20 personal [1] - 3253:24 3009:5; 3101:10 pause [1] - 3234:20 per [5] - 3048:8; 3052:21; persons [1] - 3096:3 particle [1] - 3184:10 pay [1] - 3146:2 3153:20; 3156:7; 3274:4 perspective [17] - 2997:15; particular [40] - 2987:10; PDF [23] - 2996:22; 2998:6; PERCENT [2] - 2985:6; 3062:12; 3111:14; 2995:18; 3051:2; 3055:15; 3023:8; 3070:22; 3071:5; 3177:18 3145:24; 3204:14; 3077:14; 3079:8; 3094:11; 3093:19; 3203:7; 3207:12, percent [23] - 3048:25; 3230:12; 3249:2, 15; 3109:18; 3116:8; 3136:18; 16; 3208:15; 3211:5; 3070:25; 3071:2; 3106:7, 3254:1; 3255:17; 3258:2; 3137:15; 3144:16; 3146:3; 3212:19; 3226:23; 22; 3107:10; 3108:14; 3311:15; 3312:1, 4-5; 3154:10; 3157:10; 3234:19; 3264:9; 3270:21; 3109:21; 3112:9; 3116:7, 3313:7 3160:22; 3163:15; 3275:4; 3279:5; 3291:18; 9; 3117:3; 3143:10; perspectives [1] - 3311:17 3173:14; 3190:12; 3194:5; 3306:15; 3307:14; 3311:2; 3163:2; 3176:6; 3177:10; Peru [2] - 3033:24; 3055:10 3197:6; 3206:24; 3207:2; 3323:20 3187:13; 3218:1; 3268:15; pests [1] - 3171:4 3210:19; 3218:23; Peace [2] - 3199:22; 3288:6 3276:25; 3277:5; 3298:19 PETER [2] - 2980:14; 3225:24; 3254:19; 3255:8, PEACE [2] - 2983:18; percentage [1] - 3210:9 2990:15 15; 3257:5; 3265:22; 3201:17 perch [1] - 3287:23 PETITION [2] - 2983:20; 3281:3; 3283:7, 14; Peace-Athabasca [2] - perfect [1] - 3265:10 3222:13 3287:6; 3290:17; 3297:7; 3199:22; 3288:6 perform [4] - 3020:16; petition [3] - 3219:1, 16; 3318:16; 3319:9; 3322:19 PEACE-ATHABASCA [2] - 3061:5; 3064:16; 3071:12 3221:3 particularly [23] - 2996:21; 2983:18; 3201:17 performance [3] - 3292:15; Petition [1] - 3222:1 3009:16; 3022:19; 3026:7; peatland [3] - 3124:10; 3316:5; 3317:10 PETROLEUM [4] - 2984:8; 3027:12; 3033:17; 3035:9; 3128:2 performed [1] - 3194:23 2985:19; 3256:15; 3262:3 3039:11; 3046:6; 3098:15; peatland-dependent [1] - perhaps [23] - 2987:19; petroleum [1] - 3253:7 3125:1; 3126:17; 3128:1; 3124:10 2989:17; 3024:1; 3041:18; Ph.D [1] - 2991:16 3134:19; 3135:6, 19; peatlands [12] - 3124:8; 3050:2; 3055:4; 3056:11, Phase [15] - 3210:18; 3136:14, 20; 3137:1; 3127:7; 3134:23; 3135:16; 19; 3057:24; 3064:20, 25; 3211:20, 22, 24; 3212:4, 3180:14; 3194:8; 3217:10; 3136:2, 20, 22, 24; 3149:9; 3071:4; 3072:2; 3074:25; 14; 3220:11, 14, 23; 3233:24 3150:20; 3151:15 3079:19; 3096:9; 3125:23; 3221:4, 10, 21; 3222:19; particulate [9] - 3183:23; peer [5] - 2993:14, 23; 3161:25; 3177:7; 3194:6; 3225:14; 3237:21 3184:2, 15, 20; 3185:1, 14, 3092:9; 3201:7; 3251:7 3312:5; 3318:22 phases [4] - 3125:3; 21; 3186:2; 3271:25 peer-reviewed [4] - 2993:14, period [16] - 3048:17; 3128:22; 3319:5 particulate-bound [2] - 23; 3201:7; 3251:7 3153:13; 3210:20; phones [1] - 3019:9 3183:23; 3184:2 people [74] - 2993:9; 3215:17, 20; 3216:5, 22; phonetic [1] - 3190:23 parties [5] - 3095:16; 2999:15, 20; 3000:19; 3217:11; 3232:23; phrase [1] - 3159:11 3121:16; 3122:5; 3153:18; 3002:18; 3003:13; 3005:2, 3233:11; 3239:10; physical [2] - 3112:2; 3195:6 24; 3006:6; 3007:14; 3243:12; 3277:1; 3285:19; 3281:12 partly [1] - 3280:20 3009:19; 3013:11, 15; 3286:25; 3287:1 picked [1] - 3010:25 partner [2] - 2994:3; 3017:16 3014:14, 20, 23; 3015:11, periods [3] - 3216:15; picture [1] - 3318:12 partnership [4] - 2992:16; 15; 3016:16; 3017:6, 13; 3229:16 piece [5] - 3020:24; 3084:16; 3017:18, 22; 3083:17 3018:16; 3019:6, 14; perish [2] - 3140:24; 3141:11 3117:12; 3142:7; 3314:5 parts [3] - 2995:4; 3085:19; 3022:8; 3023:18, 20; Perkins [4] - 2977:10; pieces [3] - 3113:25; 3249:22 3024:9, 17; 3025:6; 3073:22; 3122:21; 3123:7 3246:12; 3309:21 partway [1] - 3323:23 3026:6, 10; 3027:24; PERKINS [7] - 2980:23; Pierre [4] - 2977:20; 3004:15; pass [12] - 2991:3; 3048:7; 3028:21; 3035:2, 6; 2981:4; 3074:2; 3086:6; 3062:3; 3063:12 3071:4; 3072:19; 3105:20; 3036:16; 3037:6; 3040:23; 3093:25; 3122:22 pike [1] - 3287:17 3111:4; 3118:12; 3143:24; 3043:21; 3045:8, 18; [3] permanent - 3124:10; pinpointed [1] - 3110:3 3144:11; 3152:7; 3154:8 3046:5, 13, 16; 3049:13; 3132:25; 3133:9 pioneering [1] - 3272:16 passionate [1] - 2989:3 3050:23; 3052:15, 18; permanently [1] - 3149:10 pipe [1] - 3274:1 past [6] - 2994:6; 3052:12; 3054:12; 3069:6, 18; permit [4] - 3028:3; 3156:7; pit [7] - 3016:5; 3101:24; 3108:10; 3153:22; 3077:2, 5; 3078:1, 25; 3157:3; 3259:17 3215:10; 3278:21, 24 3158:21; 3246:21 3083:20; 3086:4; 3097:9; permits [2] - 3256:25; pitcher [1] - 3005:14 paste [1] - 3170:19 3123:3; 3195:1, 8; 3196:2; 3259:16 place [26] - 3002:7, 19;
Realtime Connection - the Realtime EXPERTS - [email protected] 34 Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion, Fort McKay, Alberta - Volume 13
3018:21; 3044:15; 3045:3; 3245:1; 3247:10, 22, 25; 3094:24; 3095:4, 19; Pre-Industrial [1] - 3143:3 3052:6; 3054:25; 3081:16; 3259:1, 20; 3287:22; 3196:21; 3210:12; preamble [3] - 3132:9, 12; 3082:2; 3084:8, 24-25; 3292:23-25; 3299:20; 3219:25; 3254:25; 3255:2; 3154:17 3087:18; 3165:19; 3304:3; 3305:16; 3320:1; 3256:2, 24; 3257:10; precautionary [5] - 3112:16; 3202:17; 3205:4; 3212:15; 3322:14, 22; 3323:10 3261:19 3119:8; 3223:24; 3226:13, 3218:19; 3219:18; point's [1] - 3017:17 possibility [2] - 3264:2, 5 20 3220:10; 3223:18; 3224:7; pointed [1] - 3269:17 possible [19] - 2993:12; precipitation [2] - 3213:21; 3244:23; 3249:12; 3286:3; pointing [1] - 3245:7 2994:10; 3117:15; 3124:9; 3217:10 3327:8 points [4] - 3021:17; 3142:14; 3161:20; 3181:3; preclude [1] - 3294:4 placed [3] - 3138:20; 3144:15; 3202:9; 3275:17 3191:17; 3192:2; 3203:23; precluded [1] - 3231:12 3225:21; 3266:13 POLICIES [2] - 2983:10; 3206:22; 3209:23; predict [1] - 3240:12 places [5] - 3005:15; 3152:25 3254:20; 3265:20; predicted [6] - 3106:7, 22; 3016:21; 3065:9; 3067:14; policies [6] - 3039:4; 3052:8; 3273:15, 17; 3274:22; 3107:11; 3213:15; 3214:1; 3317:19 3053:7; 3081:13; 3163:3 3297:3 3273:6 Plamondon [5] - 3003:18; policy [23] - 3037:6, 22; possibly [8] - 3079:9; predicting [1] - 3270:11 3010:20; 3019:19; 3038:11; 3039:21; 3041:9; 3124:14; 3159:21; 3267:3; prediction [3] - 3271:1; 3067:18, 21 3042:20, 25; 3051:25; 3274:14; 3281:4; 3287:18, 3273:21; 3274:14 plan [28] - 3121:6; 3136:22; 3052:9; 3053:6; 3080:4; 23 predictions [6] - 3205:10; 3156:25; 3166:22; 3081:16, 18; 3082:2; post [1] - 3308:19 3215:2; 3234:14, 16; 3202:19; 3208:11; 3083:19; 3142:5; 3143:25; post-Panel [1] - 3308:19 3266:13; 3275:13 3209:14; 3221:7; 3231:11; 3313:11; 3321:25; 3322:2 postage [1] - 3036:9 predicts [1] - 3125:14 3245:3, 13, 18, 23; 3246:1, policy-level [1] - 3313:11 posted [2] - 3146:25; 3239:3 predominant [1] - 3184:17 5, 9, 11, 16, 20; 3259:11, political [4] - 3018:17; potential [39] - 2995:16; prefer [1] - 3136:16 19, 25; 3260:5, 18; 3035:14; 3044:4; 3049:7 2996:4, 7; 2999:1; preference [6] - 3051:23; 3263:10; 3326:1 pollutant [1] - 3185:10 3006:20; 3014:22; 3133:15; 3134:9, 12; Plan [4] - 3099:24; 3230:6; pollutants [2] - 3183:6; 3015:22; 3018:23; 3136:2; 3149:13 3314:4, 18 3185:25 3045:24; 3053:10; preferences [1] - 3231:19 planned [2] - 3016:4; 3240:2 pollution [2] - 3100:1, 5 3065:17; 3078:7; 3100:14; prejudice [1] - 3095:16 Planned [1] - 3143:4 Pollution [1] - 3175:21 3109:24; 3111:1; 3128:13, preliminaries [1] - 3113:18 planning [5] - 2993:2; 19, 22; 3129:2; 3142:13; Polycyclic [3] - 3187:20; Preliminary [1] - 3021:4 3016:6; 3057:14; 3146:12; 3149:21; 3164:6, 13-14; 3199:21; 3271:21 preliminary [15] - 3090:18; 3148:4 POLYCYCLIC [2] - 2983:17; 3168:16, 18; 3174:4; 3092:18; 3094:3, 17, 23; plans [6] - 2987:15; 3168:3; 3201:15 3198:7; 3202:5; 3206:25; 3123:1; 3181:11, 25; 3316:19; 3317:2, 7, 12 pond [14] - 3141:10; 3211:22; 3228:8; 3230:13; 3182:10, 23; 3191:16; plant [7] - 3005:14, 16-17; 3275:23, 25; 3276:2, 6, 16, 3243:5; 3260:17; 3284:6; 3197:7; 3199:12; 3322:17, 3032:21; 3073:2; 3136:12 19, 22; 3277:2, 17, 19, 22 3307:23; 3322:5 22 potentially [13] - 3005:10; plants [4] - 3015:6, 18; ponds [11] - 3016:4; 3102:9; premature [8] - 3138:24; 3136:10 3140:1, 6, 17, 24; 3161:8; 3013:3; 3069:9, 15-16; 3139:3, 11, 13; 3166:2, 19; platform [2] - 3092:4 3275:8, 20; 3276:23; 3078:8; 3142:4; 3155:1; 3197:13; 3292:23 3198:13; 3209:17; play [8] - 3147:4, 7; 3149:20; 3307:22 Premier [3] - 3040:12; 3229:16; 3240:4; 3321:22 3207:3; 3306:4; 3313:17; poor [1] - 3010:23 3041:7 power [1] - 3016:17 3314:3, 10 populated [1] - 3040:22 Prentice [2] - 3247:13, 25 PowerPoint [5] - 3169:22; played [2] - 3038:11; 3073:1 population [15] - 3111:8; preparation [3] - 2992:10; playing [1] - 3069:12 3112:10; 3114:13; 3115:9; 3170:8, 11, 14; 3172:3 3013:5; 3014:18 powers [1] - 3037:18 pleasure [1] - 3097:5 3116:13, 20, 22; 3117:7; prepare [2] - 3104:17; 3122:5 Powley [3] - 3039:12; plug [2] - 3082:22; 3088:3 3147:19; 3236:18; 3324:1, prepared [13] - 2990:25; plus [1] - 3049:5 10, 15 3040:16; 3049:15 3096:7, 25; 3102:17; pocket [1] - 3084:21 Population [2] - 3097:11; practical [1] - 3145:23 3103:2, 17, 23; 3104:2, 5; poignant [1] - 3018:25 3146:14 practices [1] - 3009:6 3105:12; 3122:7; 3256:6; point [49] - 2996:23; populations [5] - 3035:9; practising [2] - 3045:12; 3262:17 3075:12 3000:10, 22; 3006:8, 12; 3116:14; 3118:5; 3157:5; preparing [5] - 3020:22; 3017:1, 11; 3018:6; 3237:1 prairie [2] - 3034:16; 3096:17 3032:4; 3089:24; 3194:1 3036:10; 3039:13; populations..." [1] - 3117:22 Prairie [6] - 2979:4; 3043:7; prerequisites [1] - 3250:1 3096:15; 3103:11, 14; 3050:22; 3071:10; portion [3] - 3145:7; presence [1] - 3074:7 3194:11 3080:10; 3089:25; 3100:9; 3249:18, 20 present [12] - 2991:4; 3111:10; 3113:17, 21; portions [2] - 3032:4; pre [1] - 3129:7 3090:13; 3092:19; 3116:4, 25; 3137:23; 3147:11 Pre [1] - 3143:3 3094:13; 3171:4; 3173:1; 3138:23; 3139:2, 13; position [19] - 3044:1; pre-1960 [1] - 3190:14 3191:7; 3232:9; 3270:3; 3144:14; 3151:17; 3188:3; 3046:12; 3047:14; pre-development [1] - 3284:9; 3304:15, 22 3198:20; 3224:18; 3225:7; 3049:12; 3051:12; 3129:7 PRESENTATION [2] -
Realtime Connection - the Realtime EXPERTS - [email protected] 35 Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion, Fort McKay, Alberta - Volume 13
2980:16; 2991:7 probability [1] - 3269:2 3210:8 3027:13; 3028:12; presentation [10] - 2994:6, probablistic [1] - 3266:23 productive [4] - 2999:8; 3029:22; 3030:6, 11; 11, 16, 23; 2995:1, 3; problem [2] - 3159:25; 3281:25; 3282:5, 13 3056:3; 3058:2; 3061:3, 3074:6; 3092:17; 3181:12; 3242:3 productivity [17] - 3204:24; 16, 20; 3062:8, 17, 21; 3182:23 problematic [1] - 2999:8 3205:18; 3209:12; 3228:9; 3064:4, 8; 3069:8, 24; presentations [5] - 2993:17; problems [4] - 3053:14; 3230:18; 3235:9; 3236:3; 3071:13; 3072:21; 3073:7; 3091:21; 3092:3, 8, 18 3269:17, 24; 3270:5 3281:16-18, 22; 3283:25; 3077:15; 3078:8; 3097:4; presented [17] - 2992:3; procedure [1] - 3093:12 3285:19; 3286:12, 14; 3100:15; 3101:5; 3102:21; 2995:8; 3002:21; 3091:13; proceed [9] - 3088:4; 3287:5 3103:1; 3106:2, 20; 3096:6; 3163:19; 3168:12; 3089:25; 3091:5; 3093:3, professional [3] - 3119:25; 3107:8; 3108:4; 3109:3, 5; 3169:14; 3180:20; 10; 3130:22; 3164:5; 3125:25; 3133:7 3118:20; 3119:24; 3124:1; 3181:10; 3183:1; 3191:15; 3194:21; 3292:13 proffered [1] - 3133:8 3133:2, 9; 3137:15; 3193:25; 3196:14; 3197:5 PROCEEDING [1] - 2982:19 Program [7] - 2994:3; 3138:19; 3139:20; presenting [5] - 3067:7, 9; proceeding [3] - 2987:18; 3023:4; 3097:17; 3098:14; 3141:23; 3149:10; 3151:2; 3095:9; 3151:20; 3290:14 3163:21; 3326:7 3099:18; 3103:14; 3174:25 3162:6; 3164:4, 11, 23; presently [1] - 3207:9 PROCEEDINGS [6] - PROGRAM [4] - 2986:4; 3165:2, 8; 3169:7, 18; preserving [2] - 3117:6; 2976:15; 2980:1; 2981:1; 3261:6 3172:21, 23; 3173:20; 3126:10 2982:1, 5 program [31] - 3156:15; 3174:3; 3186:6; 3205:14, 23; 3206:7; 3207:19; President [1] - 3040:14 proceedings [9] - 2988:4; 3157:3; 3175:2, 9, 11; president [10] - 2988:23; 3090:23; 3100:17; 3180:17; 3197:21; 3204:9, 3210:25; 3212:11, 13, 16; 2990:3; 3007:11; 3028:9; 3103:17; 3107:25; 14; 3244:25; 3245:4, 14; 3213:16; 3215:10; 3218:5; 3034:2; 3035:25; 3037:2; 3120:19; 3327:7, 10 3250:25; 3251:3, 14; 3220:17; 3225:1; 3231:3; 3233:13; 3238:24; 3242:5, 3039:2; 3053:17; 3081:19 Process [1] - 3042:15 3257:5, 18; 3258:10; 22; 3247:8; 3267:7, 14; presidents [1] - 3036:25 process [48] - 2992:14; 3260:24; 3306:7; 3308:10, 3271:2; 3280:2; 3282:15; PRESS [2] - 2983:17; 3016:18; 3018:15; 25; 3310:22; 3311:10; 3201:14 3039:24; 3042:11; 3319:5; 3324:25; 3325:6, 3283:21; 3291:2; 3292:6, 13, 16, 22, 24; 3294:10; presumably [5] - 3058:13; 3046:13; 3047:15, 24; 13 3063:24; 3309:1; 3310:4; 3049:7; 3066:1; 3077:23; programs [5] - 3037:8; 3296:3; 3298:9, 13; 3325:16 3082:16; 3101:10; 3102:5, 3038:5; 3251:20; 3252:6; 3299:19, 22; 3300:4; 3301:10; 3305:19; 3318:16 presume [2] - 3057:23; 7; 3112:20; 3139:24; 3310:16 3182:11 3140:2, 10, 17; 3146:13; progress [2] - 3163:12, 17 Project's [1] - 3208:8 Project-specific [1] - presuming [1] - 3073:2 3156:11, 16; 3157:11; prohibited [1] - 3228:1 3029:22 pretty [4] - 3056:7; 3065:20; 3160:6; 3161:17; 3185:22; prohibits [1] - 3321:11 3092:16; 3243:13 3194:7; 3195:21; 3197:20, PROJECT [3] - 2976:2; project-specific [11] - 3005:8; 3011:3; 3012:19; prevent [2] - 3139:25; 24; 3221:9, 11, 14; 2983:8; 3119:4 3019:2; 3059:12; 3068:18, 3140:10 3239:24; 3246:6; 3249:5, project [50] - 2989:6; 22; 3155:11; 3169:13; previous [4] - 3001:13; 16; 3267:4; 3293:2; 2995:14; 3005:8; 3011:3; 3002:2; 3154:1; 3187:24 3307:22; 3308:12, 18; 3012:19; 3014:23; 3019:2; 3210:17; 3313:22 projected [1] - 3217:21 previously [1] - 3129:4 3309:12; 3310:6, 8; 3023:2; 3024:6, 16; projections [1] - 3217:9 Price [1] - 3219:2 3312:9, 12 3029:5; 3033:1, 4, 6, 12; projects [17] - 2991:24; Price's [2] - 3221:3; 3222:1 process-affected [2] - 3059:12; 3062:3; 3063:13; 3012:13; 3018:24; 3042:2; primarily [11] - 2990:22; 3140:2; 3307:22 3068:18, 22; 3084:2; 3069:20; 3105:12; 2994:16; 3019:2, 8; processes [3] - 3013:13; 3105:17; 3113:24; 3166:15; 3205:2; 3237:13; 3026:3; 3028:21; 3036:12; 3014:15; 3082:21 3127:22; 3134:17; 3240:1, 11; 3241:20; 3077:7; 3147:18; 3189:3, produce [7] - 3066:20; 3137:13; 3143:14; 3243:2, 5; 3286:9; 3315:19 16 3069:2; 3094:1, 25; 3144:25; 3155:11; Projects [3] - 3098:1; primary [6] - 3024:11; 3170:15; 3192:2; 3287:6 3164:21; 3165:11; 3238:11, 22 3185:19; 3196:6, 9; PRODUCE [2] - 2985:14; 3169:13; 3194:13, 18, 20; PROJECTS [2] - 2984:4; 3203:1; 3206:4 3192:15 3196:1, 10; 3204:19; 3238:16 Prime [1] - 3034:23 produced [11] - 2996:20; 3210:17; 3240:10, 16-17; promoting [1] - 3045:16 prime [3] - 3025:17; 3040:4; 3012:21; 3051:11; 3259:12; 3296:5; 3298:12; pronged [1] - 3161:4 3051:9 3062:17; 3095:2; 3167:9; 3308:7; 3309:23; 3313:22; 3318:1 pronounced [1] - 3058:19 Primrose [1] - 3079:11 3170:11; 3180:3; 3247:19; Project [118] - 2989:9; pronouncing [1] - 3105:21 principles [5] - 3042:21; 3252:1; 3259:4 3052:5; 3082:8, 10; PRODUCERS [4] - 2984:8; 2991:10; 2992:3; 2995:16; propagate [1] - 3264:24 3114:16 2985:19; 3256:15; 3262:3 2996:25; 2997:6, 9; proper [4] - 3050:10, 23; 3004:4, 15; 3005:24; 3076:8; 3317:9 priorities [1] - 3197:22 Producers [1] - 3253:7 3009:18; 3010:4; 3011:15; properly [3] - 3086:18; priority [2] - 3183:5; 3313:1 producing [2] - 3094:5; 3012:15, 20; 3013:7; 3217:24; 3234:23 privy [2] - 3166:18; 3290:3 3251:5 3014:7; 3015:16; 3016:2; proponent [5] - 3285:15; probabilistic [1] - 3269:5 production [2] - 3093:6;
Realtime Connection - the Realtime EXPERTS - [email protected] 36 Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion, Fort McKay, Alberta - Volume 13
3293:20; 3305:18; 3174:3, 11; 3200:10; provisions [1] - 3309:17 3061:20; 3098:15, 22-23; 3309:23; 3317:22 3222:8; 3236:2; 3253:12; proviso [1] - 3181:25 3099:4, 11; 3100:2, 7; Proponent [6] - 2994:20; 3256:9; 3257:18; 3258:2; proximity [1] - 3183:25 3106:10, 25; 3109:1, 8-9; 3084:5; 3151:18, 23; 3281:15; 3288:16; 3289:4, prudent [1] - 3267:8 3158:6; 3159:5, 9; 3160:8, 3168:1; 3318:15 7; 3291:24; 3293:10; public [5] - 2991:20; 12, 24; 3177:3, 5; 3213:22; proponent's [1] - 3317:12 3296:5, 7, 25; 3299:18; 3009:15; 3230:19; 3214:9, 24; 3251:24; proponents [3] - 3257:1; 3322:1 3251:10; 3257:18 3252:7; 3312:19 3285:11; 3317:9 provided [38] - 2994:8, 17, PUBLICATION [2] - 2985:12; Quality [2] - 3099:21; Proponents [1] - 3020:22 19-20; 2996:12; 2999:19; 3192:11 3161:24 proportions [1] - 3009:4 3002:12; 3005:9, 22; publication [6] - 3180:3, 6; quantified [1] - 3209:13 proposal [7] - 3091:5; 3014:24; 3020:13; 3191:12; 3192:3; 3197:1 quantify [2] - 3234:17; 3194:19; 3228:16; 3031:16; 3039:18; publicly [5] - 2995:21; 3265:6 3229:14; 3231:23; 3278:24 3052:20; 3068:10, 12, 14, 3007:1; 3153:20; 3258:11; quantity [2] - 3101:19; proposals [1] - 3222:19 17; 3069:18; 3071:12; 3290:23 3190:11 propose [6] - 3091:25; 3072:19, 25; 3074:22; published [7] - 3183:15; quarter [1] - 3104:20 3092:22; 3093:3; 3284:10; 3082:20; 3091:23; 3196:22, 24; 3199:23; Quebec [3] - 3048:11, 14, 16 3290:9 3128:25; 3137:6; 3147:14; 3201:7; 3238:11; 3252:16 Quebec's [1] - 3049:2 PROPOSED [1] - 2976:2 3199:16; 3204:10; pull [6] - 2996:9; 3056:11; Queen's [1] - 3076:16 proposed [29] - 2995:16; 3224:12, 15; 3228:17; 3057:10; 3059:18; questioned [3] - 3002:15; 3015:16; 3084:3; 3164:23; 3235:15; 3259:6; 3288:20; 3110:11; 3183:11 3094:19; 3276:21 3174:5; 3186:14; 3194:20; 3290:7; 3298:7 pulled [1] - 3023:6 questioning [12] - 3049:25; 3207:9; 3215:10; 3229:11; provides [7] - 3048:4; pulling [2] - 2995:9; 3316:10 3064:14; 3066:16; 3230:3; 3273:14; 3280:1; 3060:6; 3084:17; 3100:13; pumping [1] - 3277:21 3104:10; 3110:2; 3113:17; 3138:2; 3277:17; 3288:2 3282:19; 3283:8, 10; purchase [1] - 3013:9 3115:14; 3130:19; providing [7] - 3064:15; 3284:2, 5; 3293:10, 20; purchased [1] - 3001:11 3162:22; 3207:13; 3066:6; 3100:16; 3148:10; 3298:12, 15, 17; 3299:20; Purdy [2] - 2979:2 3263:16; 3283:23 3156:19; 3219:6; 3292:24 3300:6, 18; 3305:21 pure [1] - 3161:4 questions [76] - 3001:14; Province [18] - 3037:15; proposes [1] - 3228:25 purporting [1] - 3035:16 3018:2; 3055:7, 13, 15, 19; 3038:19, 25; 3039:4; proposing [2] - 3090:13; purports [1] - 3000:2 3056:10; 3065:2; 3073:20; 3040:13; 3041:2, 8, 18; 3305:3 purpose [9] - 3048:13; 3074:3; 3086:7, 11; 3054:1; 3148:8, 13, 22; protect [13] - 3113:6; 3114:4, 3092:9; 3113:3, 6; 3090:12; 3092:23; 3094:6, 3156:8, 19; 3288:23; 10, 12; 3115:8; 3141:18, 3138:25; 3205:17; 16; 3095:1, 9; 3097:1, 12, 3289:9; 3299:12, 16 24; 3147:25; 3148:17; 3215:22; 3290:20 21; 3098:2, 12, 22; 3099:2, province [16] - 3036:7, 9, 13, 3206:5; 3239:24; 3297:9; purposes [10] - 3040:25; 8, 16, 22; 3100:3, 7, 18; 17-18; 3039:15, 18; 3298:4 3112:24; 3113:11; 3114:8, 3101:12; 3103:2, 19; 3040:22; 3041:21; 3044:3; protecting [1] - 3312:24 16, 19; 3152:11; 3225:8 3104:6; 3105:6; 3107:15; 3051:1, 3; 3054:24; protection [3] - 3146:16, 21; pursue [2] - 3037:5, 22 3108:3; 3115:19; 3119:22; 3080:19 3121:17; 3129:16; 3147:8 pursuit [1] - 3037:20 PROVINCE [2] - 2986:9; 3143:15; 3154:10; Protection [4] - 3096:14; pursuits [1] - 3281:6 3289:16 3171:25; 3172:13, 16; 3103:14; 3194:10; 3309:18 pushed [1] - 3014:1 Provinces [2] - 3036:14; 3175:17, 20; 3179:4; protections [2] - 3146:22; pushing [3] - 3044:17; 3327:4 3195:19; 3202:25; 3147:13 3270:13 provinces [6] - 3036:2; 3214:10; 3218:23; 3230:8, protective [1] - 3161:24 put [24] - 3016:6; 3027:23; 3039:6; 3044:19; 3085:11; 11; 3233:20; 3239:2; Protocol [1] - 3042:3 3046:18; 3047:9; 3065:19; 3096:18; 3288:3 3262:22, 25; 3263:24; protocol [1] - 3044:12 3069:23; 3134:4; 3136:23; Provincial [5] - 3002:11; 3264:3; 3270:22, 25; proven [1] - 3323:15 3165:24; 3166:16; 3173:4; 3030:23; 3039:25; 3277:24; 3278:12, 14, 16, PROVIDE [2] - 2986:8; 3177:23; 3181:6; 3187:4; 3043:10; 3081:14 19; 3279:2, 6; 3284:8, 10; 3289:14 3201:4; 3204:17; 3220:9; provincial [22] - 3036:11, 17; 3289:18; 3291:15; 3302:7 provide [58] - 2994:10, 13; 3224:10; 3244:22; 3044:2; 3047:2; 3051:21; QUESTIONS [2] - 2980:21; 2995:19, 22; 2997:8, 20; 3263:20; 3267:5; 3279:19; 3053:6, 11; 3054:10; 3073:24 3006:19, 23; 3010:10; 3286:3; 3295:14 3077:1; 3081:9; 3082:9, quick [6] - 3055:25; 3105:23; 3017:6; 3031:3; 3045:22; putting [3] - 3231:25; 18; 3083:4, 10; 3085:7, 13, 3132:5, 11; 3146:10; 3057:5; 3059:10, 16; 3232:2; 3290:21 3061:4; 3065:23; 3066:4, 23; 3147:15, 20; 3148:7; 3247:22 3156:7; 3158:2 19; 3067:25; 3068:6, 23; Q quicker [1] - 3111:13 3074:16, 18, 20; 3075:7; provincially [2] - 3080:6; quickly [1] - 3146:9 3086:17; 3097:3; 3127:24; 3148:6 quiescent [4] - 3276:2, 22, 3137:24; 3139:1; 3146:16, provision [3] - 3034:22; Q.C [4] - 2978:2, 8, 21; 24; 3277:7 21; 3149:22; 3153:18; 3133:5; 3288:11 2979:2 quiet [2] - 3277:19, 22 3160:18; 3172:21; 3173:5; provisional [2] - 3035:15, 18 quality [29] - 3060:14; quite [17] - 3004:1; 3022:12;
Realtime Connection - the Realtime EXPERTS - [email protected] 37 Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion, Fort McKay, Alberta - Volume 13
3024:7; 3029:21; 3040:7; 3304:21 3295:14; 3313:3, 12, 3204:3, 7; 3205:24; 3041:4; 3054:21; 3058:10; re-designed [1] - 3304:21 14-15, 20; 3320:3; 3323:16 3206:6, 15; 3218:10; 3077:11; 3082:24; 3085:2; re-direct [2] - 3086:12 realm [2] - 3173:8; 3259:24 3220:25; 3221:21; 3225:8; 3115:15; 3117:15; 3174:7; re-examination [1] - 3131:8 REALTIME [1] - 2979:14 3255:1, 7; 3301:11; 3197:8; 3295:24; 3302:5 re-run [3] - 3266:5; 3267:12; Realtime [2] - 3327:4, 20 3303:8; 3304:2, 7, 24; quote [1] - 3027:24 3269:20 realtime [1] - 2979:15 3308:16, 24; 3309:6, 14, quoted [1] - 3091:12 reach [1] - 3276:16 rear [1] - 3098:18 16 quoting [1] - 2997:13 reached [5] - 3109:20; reason [14] - 3011:20; recommendations [52] - 3122:11; 3277:5; 3288:4; 3017:17; 3046:4; 3181:1, 3139:6, 10; 3140:21; R 3304:14 6; 3200:7; 3228:16; 3153:23; 3154:1; 3195:25; reaches [3] - 3161:16; 3231:16; 3239:6; 3272:25; 3206:1; 3219:4; 3242:1; 3203:15, 19 3285:10, 20; 3304:19; 3245:6; 3259:22; 3266:7, R.S.A [2] - 2976:7 reaching [2] - 3306:19; 3325:5 10; 3291:18, 24; 3292:2, radius [1] - 3187:3 3317:5 reasonable [3] - 3093:12; 4-5, 10, 12-14; 3293:7, 13, Rail [1] - 3154:24 reaction [1] - 3186:1 3181:24; 3215:22 17, 22; 3294:3, 12, 14; rail [2] - 3155:6; 3157:5 reactions [3] - 3184:22, 25 reasons [3] - 3111:17; 3295:25; 3298:7; 3300:9, raise [5] - 3066:18; 3094:16; reactive [4] - 3184:19; 3126:14; 3241:3 13; 3302:8, 25; 3303:13; 3108:9; 3151:24; 3263:23 3185:1; 3186:2 rebuttal [10] - 3059:10, 15; 3308:11, 14; 3309:11; raised [17] - 3002:6; 3003:2; read [28] - 3022:24; 3026:24; 3064:20; 3065:18, 23; 3310:1, 5, 7, 13, 21; 3004:4, 11; 3016:14; 3031:24; 3044:21; 3066:5; 3067:7, 18; 3312:9, 16, 22; 3313:22; 3059:3; 3066:11; 3090:22, 3054:18; 3060:12, 24; 3122:15; 3263:21 3315:8, 11, 25 24; 3094:22; 3105:8; 3061:2; 3065:21; 3110:15; RECALLED [2] - 2980:6; recommended [8] - 3154:19; 3212:18; 3252:7; 3279:12; 3113:13; 3127:4; 3142:9; 2988:13 3157:25; 3220:20; 3281:2 3151:11; 3155:13; receive [3] - 3093:4, 9; 3225:18, 20, 23; 3226:5; raises [1] - 3045:23 3158:25; 3159:23; 3153:15 3267:11 raising [1] - 3279:20 3170:25; 3182:11; received [2] - 3046:22; RECOMMENDED [2] - RAMP [17] - 3233:21; 3234:4, 3190:16; 3213:10; 3244:6; 3154:3 2985:17; 3226:10 13, 22; 3237:6; 3244:5; 3259:9; 3276:8; 3284:13; receiving [3] - 3047:3; recommending [3] - 3250:12; 3251:14; 3254:2, 3308:16; 3309:7 3191:4; 3201:3 3150:19; 3151:17; 3303:6 4, 17; 3255:1; 3256:1; readily [1] - 3258:11 recent [7] - 2987:9; 3019:4; recommends [2] - 3295:5; 3257:2; 3261:21 reading [10] - 3005:18; 3039:7; 3181:10; 3190:25; 3307:19 ramp [1] - 3225:6 3020:2; 3024:11; 3061:13; 3220:4; 3253:6 reconcile [1] - 3164:22 ramping [1] - 3217:17 3081:17; 3108:1; 3121:12; recently [4] - 2992:21; reconvene [1] - 3088:5 Range [7] - 3079:12; 3116:8, 3159:18; 3239:17 3036:2; 3040:10; 3133:20 RECONVENED [2] - 2982:5, 11; 3117:3; 3143:1, 7, 11 readjusted [1] - 3224:10 reclaim [2] - 3124:14; 16 range [14] - 3079:17; reads [2] - 3144:20; 3145:21 3135:18 reconvened [2] - 3120:20; 3116:20; 3123:9; 3126:21; ready [2] - 3088:4; 3104:16 reclaimed [8] - 3124:25; 3263:8 3160:7; 3170:6; 3185:11; Real [1] - 3028:15 3126:13; 3127:8, 18, 23; record [28] - 2988:4; 3205:5; 3213:14; 3221:14; real [4] - 3017:1; 3241:5; 3128:23; 3129:5 2999:11, 14; 3000:23; 3224:22; 3230:16; 3269:5; 3318:3; 3322:25 reclamation [10] - 3123:23; 3007:20, 25; 3009:15; 3276:11 realistically [1] - 3160:18 3124:8, 12, 17, 19; 3125:1, 3026:22; 3065:15, 19; ranges [4] - 3076:3; 3146:19; 3067:4, 15; 3068:13; reality [7] - 2996:11; 3061:2; 5, 8, 21; 3128:4 3147:6, 19 3062:22; 3071:11; recognition [1] - 3044:15 3069:24; 3071:7; 3073:17; Rangi [1] - 2978:13 3074:23; 3082:25 recognize [1] - 3125:7 3086:20, 25; 3087:2, 8; rapid [1] - 3184:21 3094:24; 3095:20; 3108:2; realize [4] - 3146:11; recognized [1] - 3248:25 rapidly [2] - 3185:2; 3249:6 3130:15; 3143:16; 3151:11, 13; 3167:5 recognizing [1] - 3150:4 rare [1] - 3136:10 3152:17; 3178:4; 3222:9 really [47] - 2996:9, 15; recolonize [1] - 3124:21 rate [6] - 3111:11, 13; RECORD [2] - 2985:10; 3010:7; 3021:10; 3022:5, recommend [7] - 3138:18; 3140:23; 3141:12; 3210:8 24; 3050:21; 3053:23; 3139:13; 3151:16; 3178:10 rather [5] - 3067:16; 3113:18; 3055:8; 3071:14; 3072:21; 3294:23; 3295:6, 18; recording [1] - 3061:6 3217:21; 3260:11; 3265:15 3074:20; 3083:4; 3092:19; 3302:12 records [2] - 3067:13; 3073:6 rationale [1] - 3257:17 Recovery [12] - 3098:1; 3113:15, 19; 3140:23; Recommendation [7] - ratios [3] - 3233:5; 3285:10, 3142:8; 3150:6; 3166:19; 3150:23; 3203:5; 3294:17, 3146:15, 24; 3147:1, 3, 19; 20 3168:15; 3170:9; 3172:15; 19; 3297:19; 3300:15; 3148:9, 11, 14, 18, 20, 24 raw [2] - 3258:18 3187:14; 3194:17; 3200:9; 3302:8 recovery [4] - 3098:3; Ray [3] - 2979:2; 3029:16 3146:12; 3148:4 3210:14; 3221:15; recommendation [34] - RCR [3] - 2979:15; 3327:3, 3234:17; 3246:16; 3133:14; 3137:5, 18; recreation [1] - 3255:18 19 3262:10; 3269:19; 3139:12; 3150:23, 25; recreational [1] - 3236:12 re [7] - 3086:12; 3131:8; 3287:20; 3290:13; 3151:8, 12; 3152:2; Redclay [1] - 3284:5 3266:5; 3267:12; 3269:20; 3292:10, 23; 3293:4, 6; 3168:11; 3203:8, 11; reduce [10] - 3000:20;
Realtime Connection - the Realtime EXPERTS - [email protected] 38 Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion, Fort McKay, Alberta - Volume 13
3123:24; 3163:1; 3168:5, regardless [10] - 3145:2, 13; registering [4] - 2979:5, 10 remain [3] - 3281:7, 10, 14 22; 3230:1; 3266:18, 20; 3212:15; 3229:6; 3286:8; Registry [1] - 3175:21 remainder [1] - 3298:21 3267:2; 3307:23 3308:21; 3309:5, 9, 12, 22 regular [2] - 3192:21; remained [1] - 3223:2 reduced [3] - 3004:10; regards [3] - 2993:20; 3272:10 remaining [2] - 3281:7; 3235:23; 3285:4 3148:8, 24 regularly [3] - 3176:12; 3282:12 reduces [1] - 3000:4 Reggie [1] - 3029:24 3272:7 remains [3] - 3204:13; reducible [2] - 3266:22, 24 region [44] - 2990:3; regulation [1] - 3165:10 3281:25; 3282:5 reducing [1] - 3210:24 2991:22; 2992:20; regulations [17] - 3141:21; remarks [2] - 3121:8; 3123:8 reduction [6] - 3106:5, 9, 21, 2994:14, 21; 2999:24; 3164:17; 3165:5, 18-19, remember [9] - 3041:10; 24; 3107:9; 3108:21 3005:16; 3008:15; 23-24; 3166:3, 13, 16, 18, 3072:12, 15, 24; 3218:20; reductions [3] - 3168:17, 19; 3014:21; 3015:11, 20; 23; 3167:5, 15; 3169:10, 3221:7; 3244:12; 3289:23 3208:21 3017:10, 12; 3019:10; 12 remembers [1] - 3003:18 refer [13] - 3034:7; 3067:14; 3023:10, 18; 3024:4, 9, 14; regulator [2] - 3203:2; remind [1] - 3118:18 3071:22; 3091:8; 3093:15; 3029:13; 3039:23; 3206:4 REMINDED [2] - 2980:6; 3110:7; 3113:8; 3152:9; 3065:25; 3069:20; regulatory [4] - 3019:4; 2988:13 3240:24; 3279:3; 3292:7; 3070:11; 3076:7; 3085:6; 3121:20; 3197:25; 3205:13 reminded [1] - 3118:5 3299:7 3096:17; 3142:17; reinforce [1] - 3145:25 removal [5] - 3227:17; reference [19] - 3028:6; 3154:24; 3200:20; reiterate [1] - 2999:11 3228:20; 3284:17; 3299:3 3048:11; 3072:3; 3114:23; 3209:15; 3216:16; 3230:7; relate [1] - 3215:8 remove [4] - 3126:11; 3128:18, 20; 3142:24; 3251:25; 3252:25; 3253:1; related [27] - 2995:8; 3229:14; 3260:15 3143:18; 3154:15; 3254:3; 3255:3; 3260:10; 3002:15; 3062:2; 3063:11; removed [1] - 3286:5 3272:7, 17; 3311:13; 3207:14; 3234:9; 3236:19; 3103:2; 3118:6; 3179:4; removing [5] - 3000:5; 3239:4; 3300:11; 3301:4; 3313:6 3185:17; 3198:2; 3201:25; 3227:16; 3228:11, 24 REGION [22] - 2980:5, 9-10, 3314:24; 3317:14; 3204:14; 3236:2; 3243:1; renewable [1] - 3112:20 12-13, 17-18, 22; 2981:2; 3319:24; 3322:1 3252:16; 3255:2, 16, 18; repatriation [1] - 3034:19 2988:11; 2989:21; referenced [10] - 3029:10; 3256:8; 3264:20; 3280:7, repeat [6] - 3131:13; 3030:3; 3032:1; 3072:13; 2990:12; 3055:21, 23; 9; 3281:3; 3283:3, 6, 24; 3159:11; 3190:19; 3152:11, 15; 3162:24; 3073:24; 3074:1 3292:6 3217:25; 3300:10; 3309:8 Region [27] - 2978:19; 3291:10, 22 relates [7] - 3091:15; 3094:4; repeated [2] - 3052:25; references [2] - 3123:18; 2992:16; 2993:4; 2994:1, 3108:3; 3160:23; 3188:22; 3157:4 8; 3018:1; 3019:1; 3020:8; 3290:12 3255:6; 3280:5 repeating [1] - 3297:17 3060:16; 3061:4; 3064:6; referencing [1] - 3071:24 relating [6] - 2989:9; rephrase [2] - 3163:9; 3165:1 3068:21; 3069:4; 3076:1; referendum [1] - 3048:24 3065:18; 3066:4; 3092:24; replace [1] - 3232:6 3077:18; 3080:23; referred [6] - 2993:19; 3094:11; 3105:6 replaced [1] - 3232:13 3027:25; 3035:13; 3096:16; 3103:11, 15; relation [8] - 2997:6; replacement [1] - 3232:11 3086:15; 3087:8; 3186:9 3124:9; 3176:2; 3180:1; 3139:12; 3157:23; replicating [1] - 3189:9 referring [26] - 3026:19, 23; 3183:8; 3194:11; 3198:24; 3162:22; 3165:19; reply [3] - 3066:9; 3219:5; 3234:6 3027:16; 3056:13; 3057:5, 3240:11; 3280:12; 3308:15 3275:17 12; 3067:1; 3110:16; region.. [1] - 3324:3 relationship [4] - 3039:10; REPORT [4] - 2983:22; regional [32] - 2995:14; 3120:4; 3128:6; 3132:18; 3044:13; 3084:18 2985:13; 3192:13; 3237:25 3137:23; 3173:25; 3025:8; 3051:15, 20; relationships [1] - 3083:16 report [71] - 2994:9; 2998:2, 3179:16; 3215:17; 3052:7; 3053:6, 10-11; relative [1] - 3138:6 6; 3001:12; 3004:22; 3225:15; 3237:6; 3254:12; 3077:7, 17, 24; 3080:21, relatively [3] - 3040:20; 3005:6; 3006:4, 16; 3297:11; 3299:4; 3307:8, 24; 3081:9; 3082:9, 17; 3128:12, 14 3020:6, 25; 3021:11; 11; 3309:15; 3310:12; 3083:4, 10; 3085:12, 22; Release [1] - 3175:22 3022:18, 24; 3023:1, 5, 17, 3316:9; 3321:5 3154:25; 3155:12; 3210:4; release [6] - 3165:23; 25; 3024:22; 3026:13; refers [3] - 3141:9; 3240:22; 3234:7; 3237:2; 3245:10; 3176:8; 3185:20; 3225:14; 3027:7, 14-15; 3029:8, 10, 3254:5; 3257:3, 8; 3319:15 3253:23; 3277:12 12, 14; 3030:2, 21; 3031:3; 3313:17; 3318:17, 19 refining [2] - 3187:12, 17 released [5] - 3258:16, 18, 3139:6, 16; 3154:16; Regional [14] - 2979:2; reflects [1] - 3195:24 20; 3259:2; 3264:21 3157:24; 3186:7, 20; 2994:14; 2998:21; refresh [1] - 3001:19 relevance [1] - 2987:18 3191:23; 3192:6; 3201:6; 2999:16, 22; 3031:19; regard [5] - 3091:5; 3095:3; relevant [11] - 3107:24; 3218:24; 3237:14; 3238:8, 3096:13; 3103:9, 13; 3163:17; 3173:11; 3246:20 3108:8; 3134:19; 3135:6; 25; 3241:6; 3243:11, 22; 3136:6, 8; 3137:22; regarding [18] - 2993:18; 3173:2; 3194:4; 3195:18; 3244:5, 10, 18; 3245:20; 3143:13; 3171:21 2995:23; 2998:13; 3006:2; 3197:18; 3198:13; 3299:9 3247:11, 14, 19, 24; regionally [1] - 3080:6 3095:15; 3097:2; 3100:14; reliability [1] - 3270:10 3248:14; 3252:11, 18; regions [1] - 3039:22 3101:12, 18, 23; 3102:6; relied [2] - 3057:1; 3251:14 3284:12, 23; 3289:19, 25; Registered [2] - 2997:19; 3124:19; 3140:16; relies [1] - 3315:25 3290:3, 11-12; 3291:22; 3021:5 3171:13; 3215:2; 3226:22; rely [2] - 3201:5; 3252:22 3292:4; 3293:2; 3306:15; registered [1] - 3021:17 3259:22; 3288:3 relying [1] - 3181:23 3308:20; 3318:20; 3321:8
Realtime Connection - the Realtime EXPERTS - [email protected] 39 Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion, Fort McKay, Alberta - Volume 13
Report [23] - 2995:6; 3294:22; 3302:11 3047:7; 3076:19; 3112:20; 3162:17 2996:20; 2997:18; require [5] - 3168:9; 3130:2; 3220:22; 3242:19, responses [1] - 3224:12 3000:11; 3001:7; 3002:1; 3209:17, 24; 3249:14; 23 responsibilities [2] - 3006:9, 18; 3008:16; 3308:25 RESOURCES [6] - 2976:3, 6, 3096:23; 3148:21 3011:10; 3026:13; 3030:4; required [8] - 3113:22; 11; 2977:9; 2981:18; responsibility [4] - 3038:16; 3140:22; 3154:16; 3132:25; 3156:18; 3159:3; 3089:9 3044:2; 3119:15; 3305:11 3157:24; 3222:18; 3160:3; 3202:16; 3206:13; Resources [9] - 3021:3; Responsibility [2] - 3144:4, 3237:11; 3238:6; 3241:7; 3319:8 3084:20; 3090:5; 3100:22; 9 3244:20; 3293:1; 3307:15; Required [1] - 3145:19 3101:2, 4; 3103:22; responsible [9] - 3044:6; 3311:2 requirement [5] - 3119:18; 3142:21; 3290:22 3096:20; 3101:7; 3129:25; report's [1] - 3000:13 3144:23; 3260:15; 3306:7; respect [77] - 3026:19; 3144:5, 10; 3194:12; reported [6] - 3009:5; 3310:23 3042:8; 3087:4; 3095:4; 3257:21; 3306:11 3177:9; 3182:13, 17; requirements [4] - 3156:5; 3097:13, 22; 3098:16, 22; rest [3] - 3185:7; 3281:19; 3187:23; 3253:22 3307:5, 7, 9 3099:3, 11, 23; 3100:3, 7; 3286:14 REPORTED [2] - 2985:5; requires [3] - 3157:3; 3112:14; 3118:20; restrict [4] - 3021:21; 3228:7 3177:16 3240:3; 3249:19 3122:17; 3139:14; 3154:1; restricted [1] - 3211:11 Reporter [3] - 3192:8; requiring [1] - 3224:11 3164:25; 3172:17; 3173:2, restriction [2] - 3211:20; 3327:4, 20 reread [1] - 3159:17 16; 3174:16, 23; 3178:16; 3212:14 reporter [3] - 3089:21; resampling [1] - 3268:25 3189:16; 3196:1; 3207:12; restrictions [2] - 3211:14; 3121:4; 3301:17 Research [9] - 3023:4; 3211:3; 3234:14; 3248:14; 3212:1 REPORTER'S [1] - 3327:1 3030:6; 3098:20; 3099:1, 3255:14, 25; 3256:11; result [16] - 3119:12; 3120:1, REPORTING [1] - 2979:14 14, 21; 3186:23; 3199:15; 3257:11; 3261:14, 16; 6; 3183:12; 3207:19, 24; reporting [1] - 3182:23 3272:10 3263:15; 3264:15; 3265:5; 3208:20; 3209:1; 3211:11; Reports [1] - 3001:18 research [62] - 2991:25; 3273:20; 3275:1, 14; 3213:10; 3214:1, 12; reports [18] - 2987:12; 2992:7, 9, 12; 2993:1, 21; 3279:19, 21; 3280:3, 13; 3215:1; 3220:8; 3266:17; 3003:22; 3005:19; 3018:8; 2996:15; 2999:20; 3281:1, 20, 23; 3282:15; 3279:13 3024:12, 20; 3031:8; 3002:10; 3009:22; 3013:2; 3283:21; 3288:18; resulting [1] - 3127:13 3045:24; 3087:6; 3186:10; 3018:10; 3024:11; 3299:22; 3301:10; 3303:1; results [29] - 3155:11, 15; 3199:18; 3244:12; 3245:7, 3028:19; 3029:4; 3030:10; 3305:19; 3308:11, 23; 3156:22; 3180:19; 3181:4, 12; 3252:23; 3259:4, 8 3045:13, 15; 3098:10, 25; 3309:6, 11, 14, 16; 3310:5; 16-17; 3182:1, 24; 3186:1; represent [8] - 3019:14; 3100:12; 3101:22; 3311:24; 3312:19; 3191:6, 16; 3193:13, 15; 3034:6, 10; 3035:4, 20; 3140:22; 3161:6; 3177:3; 3315:10; 3317:6, 13; 3197:7; 3198:18; 3199:3, 3037:21; 3046:11; 3223:16 3179:19; 3180:8, 17, 22, 3318:16; 3319:18; 6; 3202:21; 3233:15; representation [6] - 3010:12; 24; 3182:13; 3191:22; 3320:14; 3321:1, 20; 3247:7; 3251:9; 3252:1; 3053:11; 3085:11; 3192:6; 3193:14, 20, 24; 3322:4 3267:13, 24; 3269:17, 3180:22; 3220:24 3194:3; 3195:14; RESPECT [6] - 2985:8, 10, 23-24; 3319:4 Representative [1] - 3034:9 3196:18-20, 22; 3197:3, 18; 3178:7, 10; 3256:14 RESUME [1] - 2982:19 representatives [1] - 18; 3198:5, 10, 13, 15, 17; respected [1] - 3244:15 resume [4] - 3120:15; 3018:18 3199:18; 3200:22, 24; respecting [2] - 3095:1; 3301:25; 3325:25; 3326:8 represented [2] - 2978:10; 3201:6; 3202:1; 3246:13; 3193:6 returning [2] - 3033:24; 3015:10 3251:23; 3252:8, 12, 15, respective [1] - 3038:15 3094:21 representing [1] - 3094:9 19 respond [5] - 2994:11; REVIEW [4] - 2976:1; represents [4] - 3076:2; RESEARCH [2] - 2985:13; 3080:9; 3097:1; 3245:20; 2985:16; 3226:9 3077:18; 3181:20; 3294:11 3192:13 3259:15 Review [11] - 2977:7; 3101:6; request [12] - 3031:3, 7; researcher [2] - 3033:7; responded [3] - 3116:15; 3203:10; 3220:16; 3130:21; 3155:8; 3157:22; 3202:24 3239:2; 3285:8 3223:20, 22; 3225:10, 23; 3191:24; 3192:17; researchers [1] - 3196:9 respondents [2] - 3009:2, 4 3226:4; 3247:8; 3252:11 3235:19; 3255:23; 3261:1, reserve [1] - 3222:10 responding [1] - 3067:22 review [37] - 2995:5; 2996:9; 21 Reserve [1] - 2992:8 response [24] - 3060:8; 3006:25; 3012:19; 3015:3; REQUEST [6] - 2983:14; reserved [1] - 3048:5 3066:23; 3069:1; 3080:12; 3020:16; 3061:5; 3064:8, 2985:23; 2986:5; 3162:18; reserves [1] - 3043:22 3116:10; 3117:5; 3132:5; 16; 3066:22; 3070:6; 3256:21; 3261:8 reservoirs [1] - 3227:9 3154:3; 3155:10; 3158:10, 3071:12, 20; 3092:9; Request [7] - 2995:7; reside [1] - 3084:15 16, 24; 3219:16; 3221:3; 3101:8; 3102:21; 3103:1; 3153:25; 3154:5, 11; Residential [1] - 3042:6 3222:18; 3224:13; 3105:17; 3152:2; 3154:22; 3157:16; 3162:13; 3195:20 residual [2] - 3135:4; 3245:11, 16; 3275:16; 3168:17; 3174:3; 3194:13, requested [2] - 3156:9; 3209:10 3276:8; 3277:9; 3281:1; 19; 3195:5, 17, 19; 3196:2, 3283:23; 3325:13 3158:9 resilience [1] - 3324:17 8, 11; 3212:4; 3236:15; Response [4] - 2998:2; requesting [2] - 3260:14; resolved [1] - 3048:19 3238:19; 3292:24; 3154:4; 3162:12; 3222:1 3304:17 resort [1] - 3134:12 3293:10, 23 RESPONSE [2] - 2983:13; requests [3] - 3197:21; resources [8] - 3015:21; reviewed [22] - 2993:14, 23;
Realtime Connection - the Realtime EXPERTS - [email protected] 40 Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion, Fort McKay, Alberta - Volume 13
3012:10; 3056:3, 23; 20-21; 3204:5, 25; 3207:1, samples [10] - 3182:14, 19, 3273:9, 15, 17; 3274:23 3069:23; 3070:16; 3071:9, 6-7, 18; 3208:7, 22; 21; 3187:2, 11, 22; scenarios [2] - 3217:16; 14; 3073:6, 11; 3105:11; 3210:16; 3213:2; 3214:13; 3188:23; 3189:2, 4 3273:10 3109:11; 3196:24; 3201:7; 3215:14; 3219:22; 3220:4; sampling [4] - 3198:23; schedule [1] - 3120:24 3214:8; 3234:10; 3243:21; 3223:5; 3225:11; 3232:2, 3199:5; 3236:23; 3251:3 SCHEDULING [2] - 2982:6; 3251:7; 3278:23; 3293:19 17; 3242:13, 20; 3275:25; sand [2] - 3073:1; 3125:1 3120:22 reviewing [3] - 3009:14; 3279:9, 23; 3280:4, 8; Sander [1] - 2978:2 Schindler [2] - 3091:12; 3195:9; 3283:9 3281:25; 3282:2, 5; Sands [21] - 2979:1; 3023:4; 3189:1 Reviews [1] - 3225:18 3283:13, 25 3030:6; 3098:13; 3099:17; Schindler's [2] - 3263:15, 21 reviews [2] - 3009:12; RIVER [2] - 2983:23; 3238:2 3105:4; 3124:9; 3154:4, school [2] - 3011:22; 3062:11 rivers [3] - 3214:1, 15; 15; 3162:12; 3176:2; 3054:20 revised [1] - 3288:1 3258:20 3180:1; 3183:8; 3198:24; Schools [1] - 3042:6 RFMAs [1] - 2997:19 road [2] - 3045:4; 3075:14 3234:5; 3238:10, 22; SCIENCE [4] - 2983:21; RICHARD [2] - 2981:17; Road [1] - 3193:9 3243:17; 3247:16, 21; 3237:25; 3238:1 3089:6 Robert [1] - 2977:11 3314:5 Science [2] - 3222:17; Richard [2] - 3058:22; role [14] - 3024:1; 3035:25; SANDS [7] - 2976:8; 2984:4, 3225:22 3097:18 3036:4; 3037:4; 3038:10; 7; 2985:5; 3177:17; science [12] - 3195:4, 16; Rick [1] - 2990:2 3077:22; 3174:7; 3207:4; 3238:16; 3248:10 3197:19, 21, 23-24; Rights [13] - 3028:19; 3254:2; 3291:24; 3306:4; sands [42] - 3073:2; 3102:4; 3211:8; 3212:4; 3221:15; 3038:21; 3045:15; 3049:4; 3315:15; 3317:9, 15 3105:12, 19; 3154:24; 3224:23; 3225:5; 3307:6 3300:24; 3306:23; 3307:4; roles [3] - 3096:23; 3148:21; 3160:5; 3165:20, 25; science-based [1] - 3225:5 3311:19; 3312:2, 5, 25; 3254:16 3166:7, 15; 3169:8; scientific [18] - 3090:9; 3313:8; 3314:24 rolled [2] - 3067:5; 3246:22 3175:20; 3177:9; 3180:16; 3092:10; 3094:6; 3173:7; rights [17] - 3007:13; rolling [1] - 3273:2 3187:11; 3194:4; 3198:8; 3177:2, 5; 3182:2, 7; 3034:24; 3040:3, 18; Ron [2] - 3098:6; 3129:15 3202:6; 3203:24; 3206:23; 3196:24; 3197:1; 3251:1, 3042:9; 3043:21, 24; RON [2] - 2981:12; 3088:21 3219:4; 3224:25; 3236:11; 6, 9; 3252:12, 15; 3256:8; 3045:16; 3046:5; 3047:6, Rothwell [1] - 2978:23 3237:13; 3241:20; 3243:2, 3322:18 9; 3052:17; 3076:9, 18; roughly [2] - 2994:25; 3058:3 5, 15; 3249:7; 3251:24; SCIENTIFIC [2] - 2985:16; 3080:22, 24 round [1] - 3047:17 3252:17; 3257:19; 3226:9 rights-bearing [1] - 3080:24 routes [1] - 3126:22 3260:20; 3296:4; 3297:1; Scientific [10] - 3222:23; ring [1] - 3018:3 row [1] - 3102:23 3311:13; 3313:6; 3315:15; 3223:7, 19, 22; 3224:1; rise [3] - 3190:13; 3290:6, 16 RPR [3] - 2979:15; 3327:3, 3316:1; 3317:16; 3324:3; 3225:10, 18; 3226:4; Risk [13] - 3115:2, 4, 7; 19 3325:3 3237:21; 3252:10 3131:15; 3132:2, 13; RSA [5] - 2995:11; 2999:21; SARA [7] - 3119:17; 3143:9, scientifically [1] - 3196:23 3143:22; 3144:1, 7; 3028:11; 3136:21; 3171:21 19, 21; 3144:13, 23; scientist [6] - 3061:12; 3145:25 3146:23, 25; 3309:18 rules [3] - 3041:3; 3228:3 3098:10, 25; 3101:22; SARA-CEAA [2] - 3143:19, RISK [2] - 2983:10; 3152:25 run [12] - 3048:1; 3056:19; 3179:19; 3299:6 risk [40] - 3060:17; 3061:20; 3064:20; 3253:20; 21 scientists [12] - 3092:3, 9; 3097:21; 3114:24; 3117:8, 3265:14, 23, 25; 3266:5; Saskatchewan [20] - 3094:5; 3101:11; 3161:6; 11; 3118:7; 3119:7, 9, 19; 3267:12; 3268:24; 3269:7, 3035:19; 3036:15, 22; 3174:11; 3179:22; 3200:3; 3120:5, 7, 10; 3124:2, 15, 20 3040:20; 3041:6, 13; 3224:2; 3230:23; 3244:15; 3045:3, 7; 3046:2; 20; 3125:19; 3126:10, 12, running [3] - 3265:12; 3259:3 15, 20, 24; 3130:7; 3133:3, 3268:22 3049:16; 3053:17; scope [1] - 3260:17 3054:11; 3076:15, 17; 10, 13; 3136:9; 3142:15; Rupert's [2] - 3035:17; screen [2] - 3057:13, 25 3077:6, 9; 3078:18; 3143:2; 3145:16; 3152:20; 3038:6 scrip [2] - 3052:13; 3076:13 3079:11, 14 3157:14; 3212:2; 3295:1; scroll [2] - 3004:3; 3009:25 Saskatoon [1] - 3099:1 3296:13; 3300:20; S search [1] - 3195:13 satisfactory [1] - 3114:25 3307:23; 3324:2 seated [8] - 3097:18, 24; risks [2] - 3212:5, 7 satisfied [3] - 3169:5, 16, 19 3098:9; 3099:19, 25; risky [2] - 3117:1, 6 S.C [1] - 2976:10 satisfy [3] - 3130:7; 3131:16; 3102:19, 23; 3103:12 sad [3] - 2996:11; 3004:23; river [11] - 3002:18; 3022:7; 3132:2 second [23] - 2990:19; 3029:20; 3062:9, 19; 3064:14 saw [4] - 2992:22; 3069:25; 2997:2; 3022:25; 3035:18; 3188:11; 3202:7; 3216:4; safe [1] - 3201:5 3170:13; 3289:19 3061:3; 3094:3; 3102:23; 3224:6, 19; 3322:16 safely [1] - 3197:9 scale [4] - 3111:24; 3240:1; 3110:9; 3117:18; 3144:17; River [53] - 2978:17; Samantha [2] - 3097:10; 3245:10; 3313:25 3149:4; 3210:23; 3211:5; 3004:16, 25; 3008:13, 19; 3111:4 scan [1] - 3086:17 3212:15; 3225:10, 17; 3011:25; 3016:3; 3022:5; SAMANTHA [2] - 2981:15; scanning [1] - 3187:8 3254:11; 3257:13, 16; 3028:5; 3060:15; 3061:17; 3089:2 scared [1] - 3016:11 3276:21; 3323:20 3062:3; 3063:12; 3188:7; SAME [4] - 2985:6, 15; scary [1] - 3016:15 SECOND [7] - 2980:13, 18, 3198:25; 3201:3; 3203:16, 3177:19; 3192:15 scenario [5] - 3224:24; 22; 2981:3; 2990:13;
Realtime Connection - the Realtime EXPERTS - [email protected] 41 Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion, Fort McKay, Alberta - Volume 13
3055:23; 3074:1 seeing [2] - 3167:6; 3289:23 setting [2] - 3116:6, 8 3317:2 second-last [2] - 3110:9; seeking [1] - 3130:20 Setting [2] - 2995:6; 2997:18 Shell's [34] - 2994:12; 3117:18 seem [2] - 3253:20; 3280:20 Settings [1] - 2996:19 3000:10, 24; 3001:13; secondary [1] - 3020:24 self [6] - 3037:5, 20; settle [1] - 3053:3 3015:8; 3018:8; 3060:25; secondly [5] - 3056:22; 3046:15; 3047:25; 3051:10 settlements [1] - 3043:23 3061:21; 3064:1; 3065:22; 3095:4, 13; 3219:19; Self [1] - 2978:10 several [14] - 3035:6; 3062:1; 3066:13; 3068:8; 3069:23; 3264:22 self-determination [1] - 3067:4, 14; 3081:17; 3070:7; 3110:4; 3129:1; SECRETARIAT [1] - 2977:14 3046:15 3082:17; 3100:11; 3142:20; 3169:14; Secretariat [1] - 3094:1 self-government [5] - 3123:23; 3179:22; 3204:10; 3208:11; SECTION [4] - 2983:6; 3037:5, 20; 3046:16; 3190:12; 3212:25; 3210:12; 3212:25; 3213:1; 2986:8; 3107:20; 3289:14 3047:25; 3051:10 3243:11; 3251:25; 3287:23 3229:8, 14; 3234:10, 15; section [18] - 2996:18; Self-represented [1] - severe [1] - 3140:2 3266:8; 3267:17; 3275:13; 3006:16; 3046:19; 2978:10 shaky [1] - 3270:17 3294:15; 3298:18; 3313:8; 3097:14, 22; 3098:17, 23; Selinger [1] - 3040:13 SHANNON [2] - 2981:22; 3317:6 3099:4, 11; 3113:12; sell [3] - 3012:6; 3013:24; 3089:17 Shelley [2] - 3100:21; 3101:1 3145:19; 3208:15; 3035:16 Shannon [1] - 3103:12 SHELLEY [2] - 2981:19; 3212:21; 3239:10; Senate [1] - 3049:3 share [1] - 3179:13 3089:10 3287:25; 3313:14; 3314:1 Senior [3] - 3097:19; Shawn [1] - 2978:2 Sheridan [1] - 3193:8 Section [28] - 2996:22; 3099:13; 3101:1 shed [1] - 3198:7 shift [7] - 3127:10, 14, 17, 2997:11; 3001:8, 10; senior [2] - 3102:22, 24 Sheliza [1] - 2979:7 21; 3128:7; 3129:9; 3146:9 3002:1; 3008:17; sense [12] - 3020:20; 3079:1, SHELL [4] - 2976:2; 2980:19; shift.. [1] - 3128:6 3046:16-18; 3048:3; 25; 3105:16; 3120:13; 3055:23 shifting [1] - 3153:21 3049:12; 3076:9; 3098:19; 3164:15; 3216:23; Shell [135] - 2978:2; 2988:19; shore [3] - 3003:17; 3005:5; 3113:9; 3114:7, 17, 21; 3241:23; 3245:22; 2989:5; 2990:4; 2995:6, 9, 3006:13 3119:17; 3144:13; 3266:15; 3306:1; 3310:24 15, 21; 2996:12, 21; short [4] - 3033:25; 3095:7; 3208:16; 3234:19; 3288:1, sent [2] - 3047:1; 3253:7 2998:1; 2999:3; 3002:8, 3101:4; 3218:22 6, 20; 3289:8; 3290:25; SENT [2] - 2985:19; 3256:16 20; 3003:23; 3006:25; Short [1] - 3021:2 3307:12; 3323:6 sentence [13] - 3190:19; 3008:2, 6; 3012:9, 17; short-circuit [1] - 3218:22 sections [1] - 2994:24 3206:15; 3207:16; 3208:2; 3013:6; 3014:6, 10; shorter [1] - 3229:16 sector [3] - 3164:18; 3211:6, 25; 3213:18; 3015:5, 24; 3016:5; shorthand [1] - 3327:8 3165:16; 3260:11 3248:19; 3249:11; 3017:9; 3025:20; 3030:10; shortly [2] - 3046:23; sector-specific [1] - 3260:11 3257:24; 3317:14, 17 3031:4; 3033:2, 15, 18-19; 3224:17 sectors [1] - 3163:15 sentences [1] - 3109:11 3055:17; 3056:4, 16, 18; Shott [3] - 3030:17; 3031:20 secure [1] - 3112:21 separate [2] - 3086:18; 3058:9, 14; 3059:5; show [16] - 2998:19, 24; sediment [4] - 3188:23; 3202:19 3061:3; 3062:7, 17; 2999:15; 3010:1, 15; 3189:1, 12; 3190:21 SEPTEMBER [2] - 2984:9; 3063:17; 3065:17; 3066:8; 3021:13, 18-19; 3025:1; Sediment [1] - 3180:2 3262:3 3068:4-6; 3069:7, 20; 3028:16; 3108:3; 3215:19; sediments [2] - 3190:25; September [5] - 3040:12; 3070:12; 3071:18; 3216:6; 3217:10; 3218:24 3191:7 3042:3; 3158:12; 3169:24; 3072:15, 18, 24; 3074:11; showed [3] - 3275:25; see [56] - 2994:23; 3009:19; 3266:2 3083:13; 3087:5; 3100:25; 3276:25; 3277:4 3011:5; 3022:2; 3031:9, sequence [1] - 3264:22 3108:4; 3109:2, 5, 17; showing [6] - 3015:1; 18; 3052:12; 3053:1; SERIES [2] - 2983:10; 3124:8; 3125:14; 3128:21, 3029:21; 3163:20; 3057:11; 3059:7; 3060:20, 3153:1 24; 3130:11; 3133:8; 3217:17; 3319:12; 3320:12 23; 3062:4; 3063:8, 22; series [8] - 3057:7; 3116:14; 3136:6, 11, 22; 3137:25; shown [2] - 3112:7; 3320:7 3070:18; 3072:4, 6; 3144:1; 3151:1; 3216:13, 3168:3, 10, 12; 3169:5, 8; shows [12] - 2996:14; 3075:1; 3077:23; 3093:2; 17, 19; 3250:22 3203:11, 16; 3205:22; 2999:20; 3000:18; 3095:9, 15; 3113:14; seriously [1] - 3008:2 3206:12, 17, 25; 3207:3; 3029:12; 3031:17, 19; 3118:21; 3122:10; serve [1] - 3218:12 3210:17, 22; 3214:9; 3056:12; 3059:24; 3228:15, 24; 3231:8; 3123:11; 3129:22; 3139:5; Services [1] - 3103:10 3061:25; 3143:3; 3187:7; 3157:13; 3159:14; 3263:17, 20; 3264:17; services [4] - 3037:8; 3200:24 3160:17; 3161:21; 3038:6; 3045:22 3266:1, 3; 3273:1, 14; sic [3] - 3026:23; 3068:16; 3168:15; 3170:18; 3275:16; 3276:13; 3277:8; Session [1] - 3027:18 3207:25 3171:12; 3181:5; 3185:12; 3282:19; 3283:8; 3284:3; set [10] - 3113:11; 3228:3; sic) [1] - 3010:6 3285:14; 3294:23; 3189:22; 3206:12; 3210:4, 3243:8; 3249:3, 15; side [5] - 3047:21; 3062:19; 3295:10, 15; 3296:6, 8, 16, 12; 3217:8; 3254:15; 3291:15; 3292:2; 3306:20; 3079:14; 3274:24; 3287:17 21, 24; 3297:15, 22; 3267:13; 3269:23; 3325:6; 3327:8 sides [1] - 3062:8 3283:20; 3287:10, 20; 3298:8, 14; 3299:24; SETAC [6] - 2983:17; Sierra [1] - 2979:4 3292:21; 3293:24; 3294:9; 3300:5, 7; 3301:12; 3091:18; 3179:4; 3186:20; sign [1] - 3010:13 3314:23; 3316:6; 3320:21; 3302:12; 3305:4, 7, 9, 11; 3197:5; 3201:14 signals [1] - 3040:2 3326:4 3306:1; 3307:19; 3308:2; sets [2] - 3071:7; 3249:11 signatories [1] - 3129:24
Realtime Connection - the Realtime EXPERTS - [email protected] 42 Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion, Fort McKay, Alberta - Volume 13
signatory [1] - 3129:13 3079:13; 3119:11, 25; 3219:12; 3221:5; 3222:5; 3296:13; 3300:20; 3303:2; signed [3] - 3044:13; 3122:14 3234:1, 24; 3238:8; 3324:2, 22 3082:16 smaller [4] - 3077:13, 17; 3239:9; 3244:5, 13; SPECIES [2] - 2983:10; significance [8] - 3006:13; 3080:25; 3286:6 3253:12; 3254:4; 3273:22; 3152:25 3108:18; 3113:3; 3119:14, smaller-bodied [1] - 3286:6 3274:17; 3282:3; 3283:4; specific [57] - 2999:23; 24; 3145:2, 14; 3319:11 snow [12] - 3182:15, 19; 3289:25; 3297:17; 3005:8; 3006:6; 3008:21; significant [37] - 3040:7, 9; 3187:2, 5, 7, 11, 21; 3300:10; 3305:13, 24; 3011:3; 3012:19; 3017:6; 3041:5; 3077:25; 3082:5; 3188:5, 12, 14, 18; 3309:8; 3316:10 3019:2; 3023:6; 3027:20; 3106:5, 21; 3107:9; 3319:17 sort [9] - 2995:1; 3125:9; 3028:6; 3029:8, 22; 3108:8, 11, 15, 21; 3113:5, snow-melt [1] - 3187:2 3161:12; 3181:12; 3030:14; 3031:15; 7; 3114:4; 3119:12, 16; Snowpack [1] - 3180:2 3195:24; 3273:19; 3059:12; 3066:11; 3120:1, 6; 3126:1, 6; snowshoe [1] - 3107:10 3309:21; 3319:10; 3323:23 3068:14, 18, 22; 3071:22; 3136:19; 3145:10; SO [2] - 2986:6; 3261:8 sound [4] - 3116:2; 3212:8; 3072:2, 22; 3073:18; 3163:12, 17; 3204:16, 18; SoC [1] - 3012:21 3249:4, 16 3115:2; 3120:3; 3155:11; 3205:8; 3228:12, 21; social [4] - 3311:14, 18; sounds [7] - 3093:11; 3158:5; 3159:8; 3160:12; 3240:18; 3241:2; 3243:13; 3312:3; 3313:7 3105:2; 3117:16; 3161:19; 3169:13; 3200:6, 22; 3251:21; 3252:18; 3275:9; society [2] - 3035:11; 3049:2 3162:21; 3181:22; 3248:12 3201:23, 25; 3210:17; 3318:6 Society [1] - 3091:17 source [9] - 3009:8; 3030:10; 3229:22; 3259:22; 3260:6, significantly [1] - 3242:14 socio [1] - 3221:19 3176:11; 3185:13, 15, 19; 11-12; 3293:5, 14; signing [1] - 2989:1 socio-economics [1] - 3186:4; 3202:7; 3322:19 3297:12; 3298:7; 3303:3; similar [12] - 2998:16; 3221:19 sources [7] - 2995:19; 3308:7, 23; 3312:16; 3313:21; 3317:21; 3322:2, 3029:24; 3037:14; 3134:1; socioeconomic [1] - 2993:1 3020:12, 17, 19, 24; 24 3182:4; 3185:22; 3187:1; software [1] - 3265:19 3185:23; 3274:13 SPECIFICALLY [2] - 3188:25; 3195:8; 3243:19; sold [2] - 3013:18, 20 South [2] - 2977:18; 3193:9 2985:21; 3256:18 3288:10 solely [1] - 3252:22 south [3] - 3003:17; 3029:1; [3] 3076:3 specifically [40] - 2999:6; simple - 3052:21; 3114:2, soluble [1] - 3276:17 5 southern [2] - 3006:13; 3003:5; 3009:22; 3014:6; solutions [2] - 3254:10; 3015:21; 3027:23; simplification [1] - 3265:3 3255:5 3040:18 [1] spatial [1] - 3236:17 3031:17; 3032:6; 3038:3; simplified - 3264:25 solvent [8] - 3276:10, 15, 20; 3050:19; 3059:24; 3062:4, simply [9] - 2997:12; 3025:5; 3277:2, 12, 14, 18 speaking [11] - 2990:21; 2995:23; 3002:5; 3010:14; 24; 3070:16; 3073:14; 3056:24; 3067:2, 5, 8; solvents [3] - 3276:13; 3147:2; 3162:7; 3171:15; 3085:19; 3113:21; 3232:7 3277:4 3073:3; 3138:10; 3176:7; 3237:4; 3283:11; 3313:16 3173:2; 3175:5; 3197:22; SIR [4] - 2998:2; 3008:4; someone [2] - 3201:23; 3198:2; 3200:2; 3225:5; 3110:8 3282:10 speaks [10] - 2991:1; 3017:8, 11; 3026:1, 14; 3028:25; 3229:13; 3233:6; 3255:6, sit [4] - 3121:1, 14; 3299:13 sometime [3] - 3048:19; 16-17, 20; 3280:25; site [5] - 3136:11; 3141:5, 7; 3158:21 3029:2; 3080:13; 3108:21; 3208:17 3292:9; 3294:14; 3297:18; 3186:10; 3259:22 sometimes [2] - 2993:19; 3301:13; 3308:15; site-specific [1] - 3259:22 3024:16 special [3] - 3015:6; 3136:11, 13 3313:16; 3317:23 sites [8] - 3005:4, 12; somewhat [4] - 2996:13; specifications [1] - 3271:8 3015:23; 3157:4; 3201:2; 3000:23; 3031:1; 3033:16 specialist [4] - 3090:8; 3173:12; 3184:3; 3320:17 specificity [1] - 3295:19 3236:20; 3247:2; 3283:12 somewhere [1] - 3223:16 Species [16] - 3115:2, 4, 7; specifics [1] - 3303:12 sitting [2] - 3214:5; 3262:15 SONG [5] - 2981:15; 3089:2; specified [2] - 3194:16; situation [4] - 3078:22; 3115:22; 3139:23; 3325:4 3131:15; 3132:2, 12; 3143:22, 24; 3144:1, 4, 7, 3196:10 3081:23; 3181:20; 3299:9 Song [5] - 3097:10, 12; 9; 3146:23, 25; 3309:18 specify [1] - 3257:5 six [4] - 3046:1; 3082:1; 3111:4; 3115:19; 3139:22 species [77] - 3097:21; speculate [7] - 3138:24; 3282:20; 3284:2 soon [2] - 3000:13; 3116:21 3109:24; 3111:2, 12, 19, 3139:3; 3293:5, 8; skill [1] - 3327:11 sorry [59] - 3011:3; 3026:21; 21-22; 3112:5; 3114:24; 3305:16, 24; 3308:19 skills [1] - 3224:23 3027:1, 16; 3028:13; 3116:15; 3117:2, 10; speculating [1] - 3197:11 skimmed [1] - 3073:10 3060:21; 3070:21; 3078:3, 3118:6; 3119:6, 11, 19; speculation [1] - 3258:7 skip [1] - 3159:20 8; 3087:19; 3112:25; 3120:3-9; 3124:1, 11, 15, speculative [1] - 3273:11 skipping [1] - 3250:5 3117:14; 3118:12; 17, 20; 3125:19; 3126:1, speed [1] - 3217:13 Sled [4] - 3009:24; 3010:1, 3; 3123:13; 3131:13, 18; 10-11, 15, 19, 24; 3127:19, spelling [1] - 2995:2 3011:5 3141:1; 3142:1; 3149:16; 21, 24; 3128:1, 15; 3130:6; spend [1] - 3070:7 slice [1] - 3189:12 3151:23; 3152:12; 3133:2, 10, 13; 3136:9; spent [3] - 2992:2; 3025:12 slices [2] - 3189:13; 3190:8 3153:10; 3157:17; 3139:21; 3142:15; 3143:2, spoken [2] - 3033:7; 3299:16 slide [1] - 3177:25 3164:21; 3167:17, 21; 5, 8-9; 3145:1, 16; 3146:4; SLIDE [2] - 2985:9; 3178:8 3175:22; 3176:5; 3189:22; SPOKEN [4] - 2981:23; 3147:9, 14-15; 3148:5; slope [1] - 3101:24 3190:18; 3200:15; 2982:6; 3090:3; 3120:22 3152:20; 3157:14; 3232:9; spot [3] - 3017:2; 3157:20; slowly [1] - 3141:3 3201:22; 3207:14; 3287:6, 11, 15, 24; 3295:1; 3159:22 small [6] - 3003:8; 3036:7; 3209:20; 3214:5; 3218:17;
Realtime Connection - the Realtime EXPERTS - [email protected] 43 Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion, Fort McKay, Alberta - Volume 13
spring [5] - 3182:20; 3188:7, 3140:14; 3142:9; 3148:19; stochastic [3] - 3268:21; study [36] - 2996:3; 2999:3; 9, 12; 3246:22 3155:10, 12; 3158:11, 24; 3269:7 3008:11; 3009:12; spruce [2] - 3128:25; 3164:8; 3167:23; 3193:24; stock [2] - 3232:15; 3273:2 3018:14; 3020:17; 3129:10 3202:15 stocked [1] - 3287:3 3023:14; 3025:3; 3028:12; SPRY [3] - 2981:15; 3089:3; Statement [15] - 2989:4, 25; stocking [5] - 3231:20; 3030:7, 9; 3031:5, 15; 3160:23 2990:25; 2991:1; 3012:16, 3232:1, 14; 3283:18 3033:19; 3061:7; 3111:22, Spry [4] - 3099:5, 7; 3158:19; 22; 3019:24; 3029:11; stone [1] - 3260:19 24-25; 3158:13; 3178:25; 3160:21 3057:16; 3076:15, 21; stop [2] - 3209:9; 3245:15 3179:15, 17; 3180:15; squabbling [1] - 3048:15 3138:15, 21; 3139:4, 15 stopped [2] - 3002:18; 3181:4, 14; 3186:19; square [1] - 3232:5 STATEMENT [2] - 2983:3; 3206:14 3187:6; 3191:2; 3200:24; SRD [1] - 3084:3 3087:24 stopping [1] - 3076:23 3202:18, 20; 3230:17; St [1] - 3140:21 statement [17] - 2991:5; stops [1] - 3219:12 3318:17; 3319:9, 19, 21 stability [1] - 3101:24 3060:12; 3061:19; story [5] - 3012:5; 3029:24; studying [1] - 3220:5 stack [4] - 3184:17, 22; 3063:24; 3087:21; 3163:6; 3052:24; 3217:4 stuff [7] - 3005:17; 3027:5; 3185:5 3164:15, 19; 3182:9; Strahl [1] - 3044:10 3053:16, 20, 22; 3054:8; stacks [1] - 3184:13 3200:15; 3211:23; 3223:6; straight [1] - 3218:1 3061:8 STAFF [3] - 2980:23; 2981:4; 3239:16; 3255:25; strange [1] - 3001:3 sub [3] - 3113:9; 3296:19 3275:21; 3316:3; 3324:5 3074:1 strata [1] - 3190:22 subject [13] - 3121:5; 3130:4, statements [1] - 3012:22 staff [5] - 3019:13; 3089:23; strategic [1] - 2993:2 16, 24; 3131:10; 3185:11; States [1] - 3129:25 3186:16; 3194:15; 3148:14; 3174:10; 3220:22 strategy [3] - 3042:20; stage [11] - 3166:24; 3168:4; states [7] - 3064:3; 3106:18; 3098:3; 3146:12 3229:23; 3267:9; 3270:19; 3114:7; 3132:14; 3154:17; 3290:15; 3308:2 3181:11; 3198:9; 3246:5; Strategy [11] - 3146:15, 24; 3263:20; 3264:1; 3267:16; 3170:23; 3234:8 3147:1, 3, 19; 3148:9, 12, submission [70] - 2994:18; 3318:4; 3320:2, 8 stating [1] - 3047:3 14, 18, 20, 24 3015:2; 3032:4; 3060:8; 3061:19; 3062:2; 3066:9; stages [1] - 3167:2 statistically [2] - 3249:4, 16 stream [2] - 3207:18; 3087:9; 3096:24; 3097:2, stakeholder [3] - 3248:22; statistics [1] - 3199:12 3218:18 14, 23; 3098:17, 23; 3254:8; 3255:3 Status [1] - 2978:15 Stream [1] - 3225:11 3099:4, 12; 3100:3, 8, 10, stakeholders [9] - 3206:11; status [3] - 3198:4; 3219:3; stress [1] - 3210:21 19; 3102:17; 3103:3, 17, 3220:21; 3221:9, 15, 20; 3236:11 stressed [1] - 3171:2 20; 3105:9; 3119:20; 3230:7; 3231:11; 3254:6; statute [4] - 3113:11 stresses [2] - 3116:18 3123:19; 3124:7; 3127:3; 3257:9 stay [1] - 3012:2 stressors [2] - 3116:16; 3133:11; 3137:6; 3139:10; stamp [1] - 3036:9 steady [1] - 3277:4 3311:9 3142:7; 3143:18; 3145:7; stand [4] - 3045:19; 3087:8; Steepbank [1] - 3031:10 strictly [1] - 3232:7 3165:22; 3172:15; 3097:7; 3101:13 Steering [4] - 3233:22; strive [1] - 3268:18 3173:25; 3174:8; 3193:16; standardized [1] - 3140:15 3244:4, 6, 9 strong [2] - 3011:24; 3194:1; 3195:12, 22, 24; Standards [1] - 3099:6 step [8] - 3041:5; 3055:3; 3065:25 3197:12; 3200:9; 3207:12; stands [1] - 3108:22 3078:4; 3150:7, 11; strongly [1] - 3051:17 3179:1; 3312:23 3212:19; 3226:22; start [15] - 3039:8; 3045:2; struck [1] - 3039:10 3234:19; 3242:5; 3259:9; 3055:25; 3057:13; STEPHEN [2] - 2981:16; structure [1] - 3036:19 3264:10, 14; 3270:21; 3076:12; 3096:9; 3111:3; 3089:4 structured [1] - 3013:18 3272:18; 3275:2, 5; 3116:23; 3263:13; Stephen [2] - 2979:16; struggle [1] - 3318:10 3291:17; 3292:8; 3294:11; 3270:16; 3279:22; 3097:25 studied [1] - 3186:7 3304:4; 3309:20; 3312:8; 3285:18; 3291:18; 3295:8; stepping [1] - 3189:22 studies [18] - 2987:10; 3313:20; 3315:5; 3317:19 3302:3 steps [2] - 3148:25; 3323:18 2991:18; 2995:10; 2996:8; Submission [4] - 3059:19; started [6] - 2992:21; Steven [1] - 2977:17 3008:14, 23; 3025:4; 3060:25; 3061:22; 3064:1 3049:13; 3163:14; Stewart [1] - 2979:6 3030:5; 3068:18; 3092:20; submissions [21] - 2990:22; 3246:12, 20; 3263:2 still [47] - 2988:16; 2996:7, 3110:20; 3112:7; 3142:11, 2993:7; 3020:7; 3044:21; starting [8] - 3043:13; 13; 3000:19; 3007:7, 24; 19; 3191:20; 3193:14; 3065:21; 3066:8; 3095:3; 3049:12; 3052:15; 3057:2, 3011:24; 3024:6; 3041:11; 3197:4; 3251:25 3117:9; 3125:12; 3132:18; 14; 3071:5; 3116:4; 3053:13; 3071:2; 3078:19; Studies [2] - 2991:13; 3140:14; 3162:25; 3122:19 3080:1; 3081:22; 3082:3; 2992:15 3167:23; 3236:4; 3279:3, starts [12] - 3000:11; 3125:10; 3156:11; Study [29] - 2992:19; 6; 3321:9; 3323:19 3009:21; 3060:2; 3070:22; 3159:10; 3160:13; 2994:14; 2997:21; submit [2] - 2993:22; 3108:7 3107:6; 3110:17; 3117:20; 3161:19; 3164:1, 3, 16-17; 2998:21; 2999:16, 22; submitted [8] - 3012:11; 3144:17; 3219:8; 3248:18; 3167:1; 3197:7; 3199:3; 3001:6; 3005:8; 3006:21; 3153:25; 3175:21; 3270:3, 20 3211:25; 3212:2; 3223:1; 3008:13, 19; 3021:5; 3191:12; 3219:2; 3247:11; state [20] - 2998:6; 3075:15; 3224:5; 3225:4; 3235:9; 3028:5; 3030:11; 3031:19; 3299:11 3076:20; 3095:20; 3242:10; 3261:13; 3058:1; 3074:15; 3126:5, subscribed [1] - 3327:13 3109:10; 3123:21; 3308:22; 3309:24; 3320:8; 8; 3136:6, 8; 3143:13; Subsection [1] - 3144:22 3125:12; 3127:5; 3138:12; 3324:5, 8, 20; 3325:15 3171:21; 3202:8; 3272:12
Realtime Connection - the Realtime EXPERTS - [email protected] 44 Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion, Fort McKay, Alberta - Volume 13
SUBSECTION [2] - 2983:6; summation [3] - 3182:18; 3212:12; 3250:9; 3265:3 technique [3] - 3130:10; 3107:21 3212:24; 3314:22 SYSTEM [2] - 2984:7; 3189:14; 3210:6 subsection [2] - 3145:25; summer [1] - 3157:1 3248:10 techniques [1] - 3265:18 3236:5 Suncor [2] - 3238:23; 3298:9 systematic [3] - 3195:13; technologies [1] - 3316:6 Subsections [1] - 3321:10 supersede [1] - 3309:23 3197:17; 3241:18 technology [6] - 3315:16; subsequent [1] - 3125:16 supervision [4] - 3102:18; systematically [1] - 3249:23 3316:2, 15; 3317:25; subside [2] - 3227:19; 3103:18, 24; 3104:3 systemic [3] - 3249:2, 15; 3318:4, 9 3284:21 SUPPLEMENT [2] - 2985:14; 3250:17 Teck [3] - 3142:21, 23, 25 substance [3] - 3321:12; 3192:15 systems [5] - 3140:8; TEMF [2] - 3115:24; 3117:5 3322:6; 3323:6 supplement [1] - 3192:7 3241:12; 3242:4, 8; temperature [4] - 3213:21; substances [2] - 3320:13; supplemental [1] - 3101:9 3266:25 3217:10, 15, 17 3321:2 Supplementary [2] - 2995:7; temperatures [1] - 3170:5 substantial [4] - 3143:12; 3195:20 T temporal [1] - 3270:2 3159:2, 14; 3160:2 support [8] - 3109:19; temporary [3] - 3227:18, 20; substantive [2] - 3069:3, 6 3122:19; 3128:13; 3129:6; 3284:19 T9H [1] - 2976:25 substitution [1] - 3255:11 3136:9; 3236:14; 3254:10; ten [2] - 3032:7; 3088:2 tab [14] - 3020:9; 3026:21, success [2] - 3039:12; 3261:20 tend [4] - 3034:8; 3185:1, 4 24; 3027:7, 16-18; 3028:4, 3047:19 supportive [1] - 3149:2 tender [2] - 3095:14; 3290:9 13; 3029:14; 3030:22 success/failure [1] - 3047:19 suppose [5] - 3034:7; tendered [1] - 3118:17 Tab [8] - 2990:22; 3020:7, successful [8] - 3037:24; 3188:11; 3232:16; 3254:8; tends [1] - 3184:14 10; 3023:1, 7; 3026:18; 3041:17; 3046:3; 3048:23; 3279:18 tent [1] - 3083:22 3030:7 3125:5; 3249:14; 3316:19, Supreme [2] - 3039:12; Tereasa [1] - 3030:9 table [9] - 3040:8; 3043:3; 24 3048:10 term [10] - 3078:11; 3124:21; 3049:9; 3069:12; 3088:3; suckers [1] - 3287:24 surely [1] - 3297:2 3125:6; 3133:1, 9; 3134:1, 3106:2, 17; 3107:5; 3179:8 suffers [1] - 3250:25 surface [7] - 3018:9; 15, 20; 3135:7; 3266:13 tables [2] - 3128:24; 3221:20 sufficient [3] - 3168:1; 3098:14; 3185:3; 3214:8; terminated [1] - 3047:5 tabs [7] - 2990:23; 3002:13; 3204:4; 3266:11 3248:22; 3265:4; 3307:21 terminology [1] - 3051:16 3007:2; 3009:20; 3013:14; sufficiently [2] - 3169:6, 17 surprised [2] - 3230:20; terms [50] - 3025:19; 3036:2; 3024:22; 3026:25 suggest [10] - 3066:5; 3244:4 3038:9; 3039:8, 14; tags [1] - 3089:24 3107:16; 3113:16; surprising [3] - 3033:16; 3040:15; 3045:16; tailings [12] - 3016:4; 3102:4, 3115:16; 3124:22; 3183:12, 17 3050:18; 3051:5; 3072:22; 6, 8; 3125:1; 3140:1, 5, 19; 3229:23; 3279:17; surrounding [1] - 2996:25 3074:12; 3078:16; 3141:10; 3161:8; 3275:8, 3281:21; 3295:20; 3297:9 survey [2] - 3155:12; 3108:10; 3111:15; 3112:4, 20 suggested [3] - 3285:23; 3194:25 12; 3117:6; 3124:19; talks [9] - 3023:9; 3151:2, 3287:11 Survey [2] - 3101:16, 21 3125:5, 8, 10; 3126:5; 4-5; 3170:3, 5; 3287:19; suggesting [4] - 3296:21; surveys [9] - 3155:1, 12, 15; 3134:14, 16; 3135:23; 3297:19 3297:4; 3304:21; 3310:7 3156:3, 18, 23, 25; 3157:2, 3136:1; 3147:1; 3148:16; tandem [1] - 3214:24 suggestion [2] - 3080:13; 4 3149:14; 3156:20; 3157:8; tangentially [1] - 3291:10 3123:1 suspicion [1] - 3321:21 3160:16; 3161:20; Tara [1] - 2977:16 suggestions [1] - 3302:18 sustainability [1] - 3324:16 3163:21; 3164:4; 3166:6; target [13] - 3163:7, 13, 18, suggests [6] - 3090:25; Sustainable [2] - 3238:7; 3167:6; 3184:12; 3218:4; 22, 24; 3164:2, 7, 9, 14; 3170:4; 3211:8; 3229:9; 3244:19 3234:8; 3240:25; 3259:8; 3165:2, 6, 12 3285:3; 3286:19 sustainable [1] - 3130:2 3270:11; 3295:13; 3296:1; tasked [2] - 3195:9; 3196:7 suitability [1] - 3232:10 swear [1] - 3291:9 3299:23; 3313:1; 3317:4; taxes [1] - 3048:1 suitable [9] - 3121:3; swearing [1] - 3089:21 3324:10 TC [2] - 2981:21; 3089:15 3127:24; 3137:10; 3155:2; sweep [1] - 3131:9 Terrestrial [1] - 3115:24 team [9] - 3014:19; 3096:19; 3303:15; 3304:15, 22; Swift [3] - 3109:18; 3110:7, terrestrial [10] - 3097:15; 3099:19; 3102:10; 3187:1; 3305:9 21 3105:6; 3134:7; 3157:18; 3194:14; 3196:2, 5, 8 suite [8] - 3137:11; 3149:6; SWORN [2] - 2981:7; 3227:17; 3228:11; 3240:7, teams [1] - 3195:17 3151:21; 3152:3; 3292:10, 3088:11 23; 3284:18; 3325:2 technical [24] - 3054:18, 21; 14; 3294:11; 3311:17 Symposium [1] - 3042:15 Territories [4] - 3029:2; 3059:20; 3061:5, 11; sum [1] - 3082:4 Syncrude [6] - 2979:7; 3035:17; 3076:4; 3096:18 3062:10; 3064:8, 16; summarized [1] - 3314:1 3031:21; 3275:23; 3276:1, territory [1] - 3004:21 3071:12; 3072:22; summarizes [1] - 3008:18 9 Territory [1] - 2992:19 3097:20; 3098:12; 3100:2, summary [15] - 3039:1; synonymous [1] - 3048:9 testified [1] - 3273:1 7; 3173:7; 3174:16, 23; 3060:7; 3207:22; 3217:19; System [2] - 3021:6; 3247:21 testify [2] - 3014:4; 3290:15 3296:23; 3297:11; 3299:4, 3222:17, 22; 3225:16; testimony [5] - 3024:24; system [16] - 3013:17; 23; 3302:22; 3303:4, 12 3237:22; 3292:3, 9; 3021:16, 18, 21; 3022:12; 3064:12; 3118:19; 3138:25 Technical [1] - 3102:20 3311:4; 3315:12; 3316:11, 3028:3; 3039:16; 3052:13; testing [4] - 3158:17; 3161:5; technicalities [1] - 3296:4 13 3076:13; 3085:1, 16; 3251:3; 3267:9
Realtime Connection - the Realtime EXPERTS - [email protected] 45 Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion, Fort McKay, Alberta - Volume 13
text [8] - 3132:6; 3159:12; 3047:8; 3061:6, 14; TIER-IV [3] - 3272:24; top [3] - 3190:21; 3219:8; 3312:8; 3314:20; 3315:4; 3064:8; 3133:13; 3152:2; 3273:3, 14 3282:22 3316:9, 11 3200:10; 3273:5 timber [1] - 3040:25 topic [4] - 2996:16; 3113:23; THAN [2] - 2985:6; 3177:18 therein [1] - 3113:13 time..." [1] - 3110:18 3133:18; 3209:8 THAT [18] - 2985:4, 9-10, 14, thesis [1] - 3026:3 timeframe [4] - 3197:6; Tore [1] - 2979:3 16, 19; 2986:5, 9; 3177:15; THEY [2] - 2985:10; 3178:10 3284:25; 3285:22, 24 total [14] - 3158:14, 18; 3178:8, 10; 3192:14; they've [12] - 3007:15; timeline [1] - 3229:3 3159:4; 3160:4, 9; 3226:8; 3256:16; 3261:8; 3051:5; 3128:21; 3148:9, timing [1] - 3286:7 3190:5-7, 10-11, 13; 3289:15 16; 3190:7; 3228:17; tiny [2] - 3170:9; 3184:10 3268:6 THE [162] - 2976:1, 3, 5-6, 3267:18; 3268:4; 3298:17; tissue [1] - 3227:10 TOTAL [1] - 2979:8 8-9, 11; 2980:5, 9, 12, 17, 3299:17 title [3] - 3076:18; 3167:12; Total [4] - 2992:11; 3115:20; 20, 22-23; 2981:3, 24; thinking [3] - 3068:3; 3170:4 3116:5; 3117:9 2982:2, 4, 7, 9, 11-12, 3192:21; 3308:11 titles [1] - 3257:6 totally [2] - 3016:17; 3062:6 14-16, 19; 2983:13, 18, 20, third [6] - 3207:15; 3208:16; TO [51] - 2976:1, 18; touch [2] - 3007:3; 3115:5 22; 2984:6; 2985:4-6, 10, 3226:24; 3250:5; 3257:24 2981:23; 2982:6, 19; Tough [2] - 2977:17; 3024:21 14, 16, 18-20, 23; 2986:4, thirdly [1] - 3264:25 2983:13, 16; 2984:9; tough [1] - 3051:13 8-9; 2987:4, 8, 14, 23; THIS [2] - 2985:21; 3256:18 2985:4, 8-10, 12, 14, 16, towards [5] - 3111:13; 2988:8, 11; 2989:15, 21; Thomas [1] - 2978:23 18-22; 2986:3, 5, 8-9; 3125:2; 3154:2; 3163:24; 2990:8, 12; 3055:12, 16, Thonney [1] - 2977:20 3090:3; 3120:22; 3162:17; 3315:19 22; 3065:3, 9; 3066:23; thorough [3] - 3009:13; 3172:7; 3177:15; 3178:7, Towers [1] - 3031:21 3067:11; 3073:21, 25; 3074:14; 3241:17 9-10; 3192:11, 14-15; towers [1] - 3031:21 3074:1; 3086:9; 3087:3, thoughts [1] - 3111:5 3226:8; 3256:14, 16-17, toxic [3] - 3187:5, 10, 12 12, 17, 22; 3088:6; thread [1] - 3246:18 19; 3261:4, 7; 3262:4; toxicity [3] - 3158:17; 3089:19; 3093:11, 15, 21; threatened [1] - 3143:9 3289:14 3161:9; 3188:8 3095:22, 24; 3104:7, 11, threats [2] - 3126:20, 23 today [24] - 2991:9; 3025:25; toxicology [4] - 3099:10; 13, 18, 23; 3107:18; three [23] - 2994:24; 2995:4; 3041:16; 3090:11; 3092:6; 3200:4, 7, 18 3109:14; 3115:17; 3005:22; 3034:16; 3045:5; 3097:1; 3100:10; 3101:11; Toxicology [1] - 3091:17 3118:24; 3120:15, 23; 3085:13; 3086:19; 3129:16; 3169:21; 3179:1, toxics [1] - 3176:14 3122:3, 7, 12, 20; 3123:6, 3096:17; 3101:11; 5; 3194:2; 3200:12; toys [1] - 3072:25 15; 3131:12; 3141:1; 3111:23; 3178:1; 3187:11; 3220:2; 3224:7; 3225:2; trace [2] - 3271:21, 24 3152:12, 18; 3153:3; 3191:10; 3193:13; 3230:10; 3235:12; track [2] - 3073:12; 3163:9 3162:15, 17; 3172:2, 9; 3196:16; 3207:5, 9; 3242:11, 15, 18; 3274:20; traction [1] - 3043:14 3177:15, 19; 3178:10; 3291:9 3244:11; 3270:12; traders [1] - 3035:8 3179:11; 3192:14, 20, 24; today's [2] - 3100:17; 3311:22, 24; 3320:22; traditional [22] - 2991:24; 3193:5; 3201:12, 16; 3325:10 3242:21 2996:24; 2997:2, 9, 17, 22; 3222:3, 6, 10, 12; 3226:9; THREE [2] - 2985:9; 3178:8 together [11] - 2978:20; 2999:19; 3001:16; 3237:23; 3238:2, 13; three-hour [1] - 3045:5 3022:11, 16-17; 3038:22; 3008:15; 3009:6; 3021:13, 3248:6, 9-10; 3256:14, 17, threshold [6] - 3109:20, 22; 3042:19; 3195:5; 3246:17; 19-20; 3030:20; 3031:11; 20; 3261:5, 25; 3262:6, 12, 3110:25; 3111:6; 3112:16 3261:16; 3265:11 3063:4; 3076:25; 3079:8; 16, 20; 3263:3, 10; 3264:2, thresholds [16] - 3109:20; TOGETHER [11] - 2980:6, 3306:22; 3307:3 6; 3278:1; 3289:14, 16; 3110:17, 24; 3111:16, 18, 10, 13, 18, 22; 2981:3; Traditional [3] - 2992:14; 3290:19; 3291:3, 12; 20, 23; 3112:1, 5, 8, 12-13, 2988:12; 2989:21; 3005:8; 3074:14 3301:15, 21, 25; 3326:1, 4 15; 3116:13; 3324:14, 22 2990:13; 3055:22; 3073:25 traditions [1] - 3035:12 themselves [11] - 3011:14; tolerance [2] - 3117:11; throated [1] - 3125:20 trails [1] - 3063:4 3039:23; 3050:8; 3051:7; throughout [12] - 3010:18; 3118:7 3081:7; 3085:8; 3092:18; trained [1] - 3075:12 3011:24; 3014:20; tomorrow [1] - 3094:21 3096:4; 3097:7; 3206:18 training [2] - 3037:25; 3015:11; 3019:9; 3045:25; tonight [1] - 3278:18 3061:14 theory [2] - 3265:12; 3285:14 took [12] - 3025:24; 3046:11; 3139:10; 3229:2; 3311:21; trajectories [1] - 3324:10 there'd [3] - 3224:19; 3312:7, 9; 3315:5 3047:14; 3050:11; 3246:13; 3309:2 trajectory [5] - 3111:8; thrown [1] - 3273:16 3084:24; 3187:2; 3212:25; 3112:10; 3124:25; there'll [8] - 3128:3; 3136:21; Thursday [2] - 3121:22; 3213:6; 3214:14; 3278:16; 3207:25; 3216:14; 3163:21, 23 3326:8 3318:21 3258:19; 3259:4; 3264:19; transcribed [1] - 3327:9 THURSDAY [1] - 2982:19 tool [11] - 3115:25; 3116:12; 3304:25 transcript [3] - 3117:17; tie [4] - 3317:16; 3322:21, 3134:8; 3135:1, 11; 3130:15; 3327:10 THERE'S [4] - 2985:8, 13; 3137:1, 9, 19; 3150:14; 24; 3323:8 TRANSCRIPT [2] - 2983:9; 3178:8; 3192:12 3301:6 tied [3] - 3068:22; 3317:21; 3119:4 thereafter [1] - 3327:9 toolbox [3] - 3135:1; 3322:18 transcripts [3] - 3009:11, 14; THEREFORE [2] - 2985:22; tier [1] - 3271:8 3137:15; 3149:7 3256:19 3010:15 tools [4] - 3137:8, 14; TIER [3] - 3272:24; 3273:3, Transfer [2] - 3021:3; therefore [9] - 3000:13; 3149:6; 3150:16 14 3084:20
Realtime Connection - the Realtime EXPERTS - [email protected] 46 Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion, Fort McKay, Alberta - Volume 13
transfer [1] - 3277:13 tributaries [2] - 3198:23; 3184:17; 3187:17; 3213:6; 3309:17; 3310:9, 16-17, transition [1] - 3272:23 3213:4 3214:19; 3244:11; 3255:7; 23; 3321:22 translated [1] - 3153:14 trickles [1] - 3181:15 3258:17; 3259:5; 3261:16; under-capacity [1] - 3075:2 transparent [2] - 3251:6; tried [1] - 3221:20 3276:23; 3282:3, 7; underestimated [8] - 3258:10 trigger [3] - 3116:7, 23; 3313:20 3213:13; 3214:16; 3215:4; transport [1] - 3185:11 3324:15 two-acre [1] - 3032:19 3273:7; 3274:19, 21, 25; Transport [5] - 3090:5; trip [2] - 3033:24; 3197:10 two-and-a-half [1] - 3045:5 3275:8 3103:5, 10, 14, 16 Triple [1] - 3049:3 two-day [1] - 3123:3 undergo [1] - 3184:21 TRANSPORT [2] - 2981:21; trophic [1] - 3287:1 two-pronged [1] - 3161:4 underlain [1] - 3295:12 3089:15 trouble [1] - 3116:23 twofold [2] - 3219:17; underline [1] - 3316:8 transportation [1] - 3163:15 trucks [2] - 3272:24; 3273:3 3290:21 underneath [2] - 3060:6; transported [1] - 3185:8 true [14] - 3003:10; 3173:4; type [14] - 3066:5; 3071:13; 3106:1 trap [4] - 2998:20; 3010:21; 3181:4; 3211:25; 3223:25; 3112:2; 3135:12; 3189:24; understated [1] - 3272:20 3011:16; 3031:3 3228:11; 3231:2; 3234:13; 3214:22; 3255:12; 3269:6; understood [5] - 3026:3; Trapline [2] - 2995:23; 3258:13; 3296:18; 3297:4; 3305:16, 20-21; 3323:11, 3080:12; 3087:7; 3230:13; 3021:5 3324:5, 9; 3327:9 13 3242:16 trapline [29] - 3000:14, 25; truth [1] - 3010:14 types [4] - 3032:22; 3083:14; undertake [11] - 3129:20; 3001:5, 23-24; 3003:3, 24; truthful [1] - 3010:12 3266:21; 3292:12 3177:8, 13; 3178:5; 3004:2, 16; 3006:3; truthing [1] - 3074:15 typical [2] - 3185:12; 3286:9 3194:7; 3195:12; 3200:21; 3011:7, 23; 3012:6; try [12] - 2988:24; 2994:10; typically [4] - 3084:7; 3203:24; 3255:21; 3013:10, 17-18; 3021:16, 3039:24; 3069:16; 3078:3; 3268:14; 3285:17, 21 3256:10; 3289:4 18, 21; 3022:12; 3024:13; 3093:12; 3141:2; 3262:25; typo [1] - 3057:23 undertaken [13] - 3165:15; 3027:8; 3028:3; 3030:18, 3267:20; 3268:13; 3180:6, 8; 3195:14; 25; 3032:10, 17; 3059:4 3319:20; 3325:1 U 3221:10; 3222:18; traplines [17] - 2993:21; trying [28] - 3019:9; 3056:24; 3225:20; 3226:5; 3231:6; 2997:12, 24; 3000:5, 12; 3073:5; 3086:4; 3138:7; 3259:14; 3260:22; ultimate [2] - 3049:14; 3004:12; 3013:22; 3161:2, 8, 10, 22; 3162:7; 3265:21; 3272:7 3290:24 3021:12; 3022:3, 9, 21, 23; 3196:12; 3204:8; 3218:2; UNDERTAKEN [4] - 2985:17; ultimately [1] - 3314:13 3027:21; 3031:1, 6; 3260:8; 3268:2; 3293:12, 2986:3; 3226:9; 3261:4 UN [1] - 3132:3 3056:12; 3074:8 15; 3297:13; 3303:3; undertakes [1] - 3259:16 unable [2] - 3012:7; 3235:4 trapped [3] - 2998:9, 22; 3304:23; 3305:25; 3312:6; UNDERTAKING [14] - 3022:10 3313:4, 10; 3314:25; uncertain [3] - 3126:12; 2985:4, 8, 12, 16, 18; 3304:16; 3305:2 trapper [1] - 3001:9 3316:24; 3317:16; 3323:5 2986:3, 7; 3177:15; uncertainties [11] - 3204:16, trappers [9] - 2997:1; tubs [1] - 3072:25 3178:7; 3192:11; 3226:8; 18, 20-21, 23; 3264:9, 15, 3000:11; 3023:10-12, 16; Tuesday [4] - 3121:20; 3256:14; 3261:4; 3289:13 24; 3265:6, 16 3032:5, 19, 22 3122:8, 17; 3193:8 undertaking [20] - 3009:14; uncertainty [26] - 3112:4, 11, trapping [7] - 2997:13; turn [18] - 3020:9; 3033:22; 3086:22; 3130:13, 17, 21; 3003:7; 3009:7; 3023:21; 3104:6; 3105:24; 3106:15; 14; 3124:18; 3125:4; 3131:2, 19; 3132:10; 3074:8; 3079:18, 23 3145:18; 3170:7, 20; 3204:12; 3205:6; 3212:5; 3162:5; 3178:14; 3191:25; 3223:1; 3233:7; 3265:14, trappings [1] - 3085:18 3208:13; 3233:20; 3194:4; 3201:25; 3226:3, 24; 3266:16, 19-24; travel [8] - 3010:21; 3011:25; 3234:18; 3243:25; 16; 3253:16; 3257:11; 3267:2, 6; 3268:3, 7, 9; 3015:20; 3022:17; 3248:14; 3251:16; 3260:21; 3266:6; 3289:11 3269:9 3045:23; 3062:18; 3270:19; 3291:16; undertakings [1] - 3130:22 unclear [1] - 3140:23 3121:24; 3185:9 3318:20; 3325:22 UNDERTAKINGS [2] - under [59] - 2988:16; travelled [1] - 3033:23 turned [1] - 3298:5 2985:1; 2986:1 2990:22; 3020:6; 3060:22; travelling [1] - 3034:1 turning [9] - 3090:19; undertook [2] - 3024:10; 3062:5, 25; 3063:20; treat [1] - 3267:8 3139:17; 3167:22; 3222:24 3068:8; 3075:2; 3076:9; treaties [1] - 3084:19 3169:21; 3203:6; 3211:3; underway [3] - 3175:14; 3084:3; 3096:7, 25; treatment [2] - 3276:10, 14 3236:4; 3264:8; 3306:14 3197:4; 3198:19 3102:17; 3103:17, 23; Treaty [7] - 3028:18; Turning [1] - 3167:10 undisturbed [1] - 3277:11 3104:2; 3106:17; 3114:1, 3081:19; 3300:24; twelve [1] - 3285:5 unextinguished [1] - 7, 17, 21; 3119:17; 3130:8; 3306:23; 3307:4; 3312:25; twinkle [1] - 3317:3 3076:17 3131:16; 3132:3; 3138:15; 3314:24 two [36] - 2988:6; 2992:2; unfamiliar [1] - 3045:9 3141:20; 3143:9, 23, 25; trend [4] - 3215:19; 3216:18, 3018:4; 3022:21; 3028:14; unfortunate [3] - 3014:3, 9; 3144:3, 8-9; 3145:12, 24; 22; 3217:18 3032:19; 3041:6; 3042:16, 3018:15 3146:22; 3163:2; 3208:16; Trends [1] - 3179:24 23; 3045:5; 3047:11; unfortunately [12] - 2994:7; 3211:20, 24; 3239:16; trends [3] - 3217:21; 3234:7; 3079:13, 16; 3082:19; 3005:6; 3006:18; 3010:7; 3246:12; 3259:25; 3260:4; 3324:1 3087:4; 3090:18; 3111:20; 3030:25; 3031:13, 15; 3288:6; 3289:6; 3290:25; Trevis [1] - 2977:20 3123:3, 9; 3155:3; 3161:4; 3078:12; 3098:7; 3129:15; 3306:6, 15; 3307:9; Trial [1] - 3048:21 3163:14; 3164:22; 3148:3; 3170:8
Realtime Connection - the Realtime EXPERTS - [email protected] 47 Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion, Fort McKay, Alberta - Volume 13
unfulfilled [1] - 3042:8 upland [4] - 3124:13; 11; 3193:8 walleye [1] - 3287:18 unhelpful [1] - 3258:5 3127:12, 19; 3128:9 verify [4] - 3025:5; 3130:4; Walter [1] - 3058:22 uninterpreted [1] - 3259:6 upshot [1] - 3187:5 3132:6, 8 Wang [3] - 2977:16; 3101:20 unique [1] - 3136:5 uptake [1] - 3202:7 verifying [1] - 3303:23 WANG [2] - 2981:20; unit [1] - 3246:18 uptaken [1] - 3229:1 version [4] - 3070:5; 3089:13 Unit [1] - 3097:11 upwards [1] - 3013:24 3091:11; 3272:14 wants [2] - 2993:8; 3031:5 United [1] - 3129:13 usable [1] - 3285:7 versus [4] - 3259:7; 3270:12; Warbler [1] - 3125:20 units [2] - 3108:22, 24 USE [2] - 2983:12; 3153:6 3313:8; 3322:17 warmer [2] - 3171:3, 17 university [1] - 3054:20 useful [6] - 3022:19; veterans [1] - 3042:7 warranted [1] - 2999:3 University [7] - 2991:13, 15, 3122:18; 3153:18; vetted [3] - 3182:1, 7; WAS [4] - 2985:19, 21; 17; 2993:3; 2994:2; 3187:14; 3191:21; 3256:23 3196:23 3256:16, 18 3021:8; 3030:13 usefulness [1] - 2995:24 viable [2] - 3117:6; 3282:13 waste [1] - 3101:24 unknown [2] - 3304:6; users [1] - 3023:22 vice [1] - 2990:3 water [58] - 3012:2; 3015:16; 3324:18 uses [6] - 2997:10; 3079:1; vice-president [1] - 2990:3 3060:14; 3061:20; unless [2] - 3205:25; 3264:25; 3276:9, 13 Victor [1] - 3001:8 3098:15, 22-23; 3099:4, 3235:22 utility [1] - 3118:21 victories [1] - 3049:14 11; 3102:5, 7; 3140:2; unlike [1] - 3072:20 utilize [2] - 3282:16; 3315:16 view [6] - 3131:1; 3206:24; 3158:6; 3159:5, 9; 3160:8, unmeasurable [1] - 3286:12 utilized [1] - 3287:7 3256:11; 3280:15, 17; 12, 24; 3174:16, 21; unmeasured [1] - 3228:10 utilizing [1] - 3316:1 3281:11 3175:2; 3188:6, 12; unreasonable [1] - 3162:3 views [1] - 3043:21 3189:4; 3198:23; 3208:15, untouched [1] - 3281:14 V village [3] - 3078:20; 3081:2; 17, 19; 3209:3, 7, 9, 11, unusual [1] - 2988:8 3082:5 23; 3210:9, 13, 15, 23; up [96] - 3000:10; 3002:4; villages [8] - 3077:20; 3211:9, 16; 3212:13; vague [1] - 3130:18 3004:3, 6, 11; 3006:22; 3078:16, 18-19; 3079:13, 3213:22; 3214:23; validate [3] - 3268:11, 20; 3010:25; 3012:18; 3022:1, 15, 17, 25 3219:21; 3221:16; 3223:6, 3275:13 9; 3024:4; 3026:6, 16; violating [1] - 3323:6 13, 17; 3224:18; 3225:6; validated [3] - 3258:19; 3036:10; 3039:10; violation [1] - 3322:8 3251:24; 3252:7; 3265:4; 3259:1; 3266:12 3040:21; 3041:8, 22; violations [1] - 3310:3 3276:17; 3279:13 valuable [6] - 3001:4; 3045:19; 3046:4; 3051:4; VIRC [3] - 2981:16; 3089:4; Water [10] - 3098:20; 3052:2; 3053:19; 3056:11; 3028:12; 3030:15; 3146:18 3099:14; 3161:23; 3115:25; 3137:1 3057:10, 12; 3059:18; Virc [3] - 3097:25; 3098:2; 3186:23; 3199:21; 3067:5; 3070:18, 23-24; value [8] - 3113:16, 20; 3146:10 3210:18; 3211:4, 21; 3134:3; 3136:9; 3232:8; 3076:4; 3077:9; 3080:10; virtually [1] - 3013:21 3220:11; 3237:21 3233:4; 3235:23; 3256:4 3081:18; 3082:4; 3083:24; visit [1] - 3002:11 water-groundwater [1] - van [1] - 2977:17 3097:7; 3101:14; 3108:12; visited [1] - 3022:10 3265:4 Variability [1] - 3143:1 3110:11; 3115:6; 3121:19; VOC [3] - 3275:7, 14, 20 WATERBIRD [2] - 2983:18; variability [2] - 3216:16; 3201:16 3126:6; 3131:9; 3139:15; VOCs [4] - 3102:7; 3275:3; 3237:1 3153:22, 24; 3155:9; 3276:15; 3277:1 waterbodies [3] - 3227:4; variable [1] - 3161:10 3232:3; 3283:19 3159:12, 18; 3189:22; voice [5] - 3035:2; 3081:10; 3193:12; 3197:6; 3202:18, variables [1] - 3217:15 3082:6 Waters [1] - 3103:13 Variation [5] - 3116:8, 11; 20; 3204:9, 14, 19; 3205:6, voices [2] - 3007:19; 3081:10 waters [5] - 3160:6; 3201:3; 3117:3; 3143:7, 11 3264:18; 3320:14 9; 3210:7; 3216:13; volatile [1] - 3276:16 variations [1] - 3207:20 watershed [3] - 3205:2; 3217:13, 17; 3220:8; Volatile [1] - 3102:8 3221:21; 3231:7; 3242:15; variety [2] - 3126:23; 3160:5 3281:16, 19 volatility [1] - 3276:12 3243:15; 3254:5; 3262:25; various [21] - 2991:23; watt [1] - 3176:17 Vollema [1] - 3103:13 3267:23; 3278:7; 3286:4; 3049:15; 3056:5, 12; Watt [4] - 3099:25; 3100:1; VOLLEMA [2] - 2981:22; 3058:14; 3060:5, 7; 3295:14; 3296:6, 8, 16, 22; 3089:17 3176:1; 3270:23 3298:25; 3299:24; 3306:4, 3114:8, 18; 3116:16; WATT [3] - 2981:16; 3089:5; VOLUME [1] - 2976:17 7; 3308:25; 3310:15, 22, 3175:13; 3179:22; 3176:19 volunteer [3] - 3019:18; 24; 3319:12; 3320:12; 3194:14, 17, 22; 3200:19; 3054:14; 3074:25 ways [6] - 3076:12; 3159:10; 3321:19, 23; 3323:2, 6 3219:3; 3258:19; 3312:12; 3160:14; 3206:16; 3210:3; volunteers [1] - 3054:13 update [1] - 3158:10 3314:12 3259:5 vote [1] - 3085:17 updated [1] - 3153:14 vary [4] - 3111:20, 23; WBEA [4] - 3250:9; 3272:9, voted [2] - 3048:25 upgrader [4] - 3183:20; 3112:1 12, 16 vegetation [7] - 3128:9; 3186:15, 18; 3188:2 W Weapons [1] - 3079:11 upgraders [5] - 3183:7, 18, 3227:18; 3228:11, 20, 25; weather [2] - 3140:2, 6 25; 3186:7; 3187:3 3229:14; 3284:19 website [1] - 3153:17 upgraders" [1] - 3183:22 vehicle [4] - 3035:22; 3271:9, wager [1] - 3269:15 Wednesday [6] - 2987:1; upgrading [1] - 3188:24 15; 3274:4 wagons [1] - 3003:19 3121:7, 19, 23; 3122:4, 19 upheld [1] - 3039:15 venue [4] - 3027:3; 3121:9, waiting [2] - 3082:3; 3199:3 WEDNESDAY [1] - 2980:3
Realtime Connection - the Realtime EXPERTS - [email protected] 48 Shell Jackpine Mine Expansion, Fort McKay, Alberta - Volume 13
week [8] - 3021:11; 3067:19; WILL [2] - 2986:9; 3289:15 woman [1] - 3025:16 20; 3085:14; 3155:3; 3091:18; 3098:7; 3121:7; WILLIAM [2] - 2981:13; wonder [4] - 2987:5, 14; 3162:2; 3190:12; 3191:9; 3123:4; 3193:6, 21 3088:23 3306:16; 3325:24 3216:24; 3227:11; 3229:5, weekend [3] - 3007:9; William [10] - 3007:8; wondering [21] - 3050:1; 9; 3232:25; 3233:12; 3014:5; 3058:12 3009:17; 3010:7; 3028:7; 3104:21; 3141:6; 3152:10; 3236:21, 23; 3246:7, 23; weekends [2] - 3020:2; 3031:18, 25; 3058:7, 12; 3162:4; 3172:22; 3192:18; 3265:8; 3270:11-13; 3074:25 3059:1; 3098:19 3201:10; 3211:19; 3284:4, 24; 3285:5; weeks [4] - 3022:21; willing [4] - 3008:8; 3010:13; 3221:24; 3238:5; 3260:16; 3286:10, 16, 20; 3287:7, 9; 3042:23; 3054:1; 3181:14 3210:23; 3267:24 3280:25; 3295:4, 24; 3318:5, 9, 13; 3325:10 well-established [1] - wind [3] - 3254:18; 3255:1; 3302:17; 3306:25; Yellow [1] - 3154:23 3189:14 3261:21 3308:15; 3309:13; yellow [2] - 3155:6; 3157:5 west [1] - 3287:17 winding [1] - 3255:25 3311:25; 3312:4 Yellowknife [1] - 3100:6 western [1] - 3034:16 Winnipeg [2] - 3003:15; Wood [4] - 2979:3; 3026:13; yesterday [27] - 2988:5, 16, Western [1] - 3035:8 3040:19 3029:9; 3137:22 21; 2992:4, 23; 3003:2; Westman [1] - 2979:9 winter [4] - 3010:24; 3045:4; wood [1] - 3040:25 3005:3, 13, 21; 3012:11; wetland [3] - 3128:2; 3129:3 3106:8; 3107:11 woodland [1] - 3098:3 3014:24; 3015:1; 3016:23; Wetland [1] - 3299:14 wintering [1] - 3126:22 Woodland [1] - 3146:14 3019:18; 3025:13; 3027:9; wetlands [2] - 3136:20; winters [1] - 3010:21 word [7] - 3049:22; 3051:13; 3049:18; 3062:14; 3151:14 wise [1] - 3252:21 3086:1; 3130:17; 3234:23; 3086:15; 3094:8; 3199:17; whereas [1] - 3264:18 wish [3] - 3094:15; 3095:14, 3277:8 3200:14; 3253:12; whereby [3] - 3042:4, 11; 18 words [2] - 3159:20; 3238:23 3289:19; 3290:8; 3291:11 3047:25 wishes [1] - 3258:22 workout [1] - 3161:3 yesterday's [1] - 3024:24 WHEREOF [1] - 3327:13 WITH [19] - 2980:6, 10, 13, works [4] - 3013:15; 3052:2; Yetimgeta [1] - 2977:15 WHETHER [8] - 2985:22; 18, 22; 2981:3; 2985:8, 10, 3085:1; 3259:18 younger [1] - 3286:6 2986:3, 7-8; 3256:20; 18, 22; 2988:12; 2989:22; world [2] - 3241:5; 3251:5 yourself [1] - 3110:16 3261:5; 3289:13, 15 2990:13; 3055:22; World [1] - 3289:21 Yukon [1] - 3171:11 WHICH [2] - 2985:8; 3178:8 3073:25; 3178:7, 10; world-class [1] - 3251:5 white [3] - 3000:13, 21; 3256:14, 20 worried [1] - 3062:7 Z 3013:20 withdraw [1] - 3224:17 worries [4] - 3015:16; whitefish [1] - 3287:20 withdrawal [4] - 3210:9, 24; 3069:3, 8; 3070:12 Zalik [1] - 2979:11 whole [14] - 3018:15; 3211:16; 3212:13 worry [1] - 3069:5 zero [1] - 3264:17 3026:15, 17; 3043:14; withdrawals [15] - 3208:15, worth [1] - 3224:9 3055:6; 3075:20; 3076:16; 20; 3209:3, 7, 23; 3210:13, worthwhile [1] - 3204:9 3077:23; 3078:20; 15; 3211:9; 3219:21; WOULD [2] - 2985:14; Î 3081:23; 3182:12; 3217:4; 3221:16; 3223:6, 13, 17; 3192:14 3250:22 3225:6 wrap [1] - 3298:25 Île-à-la-Crosse [3] - 3077:6; WIACEK [17] - 2981:17; withdrawing [3] - 3209:9, writing [3] - 3007:12; 3264:3 3079:15, 22 3089:6; 3105:14; 3110:14; 11; 3211:17 WRITTEN [4] - 2985:13; 3119:10; 3124:6; 3132:21; withdrew [1] - 3035:3 3192:13 3133:25; 3140:4; 3142:25; withstand [2] - 3116:18; written [9] - 2995:1; 3090:7; 3149:11, 19; 3154:14; 3241:1 3091:1; 3095:3; 3101:12; 3295:9; 3304:3; 3306:6; witness [15] - 3045:23; 3180:7; 3192:5; 3314:20 3324:6 3057:5; 3092:24; 3095:9; wrote [2] - 3212:21; 3252:11 Wiacek [10] - 3097:18, 20; 3096:5; 3098:8; 3113:15; 3105:20; 3108:16; 3115:20; 3118:15, 18; Y 3125:24; 3133:6; 3134:25; 3130:16; 3174:2; 3238:9; 3135:16; 3295:7; 3303:23 3291:4, 8 wide [2] - 3170:6; 3221:14 WITNESS [10] - 2980:13, 18, Yanik [1] - 3058:18 Wide [1] - 2992:19 23; 2981:3, 7; 2990:13; year [19] - 3042:18; 3043:7; wife [2] - 3031:25; 3058:18 3055:23; 3074:1; 3088:11; 3048:20; 3140:15; 3154:7; wild [1] - 3171:6 3327:13 3158:12, 21; 3163:6; 3165:24; 3166:23; 3167:6; wildfires [1] - 3171:19 witnesses [20] - 2990:19; 3181:15; 3189:13; wildlife [22] - 3040:24; 3041:22; 3049:19; 3087:5; 3097:14, 22; 3098:5; 3088:2; 3089:22; 3090:11, 3190:12; 3197:23; 3199:7; 3105:13; 3112:21; 16; 3092:6, 25; 3093:7; 3218:20; 3266:2; 3277:1 3114:11; 3115:8; 3127:14, 3094:10, 13, 18, 25; years [48] - 2992:2; 3003:20; 17-18; 3128:7; 3143:2; 3096:22; 3226:16; 3290:9, 3007:16; 3012:2; 3018:4; 3144:25; 3146:4; 3174:22; 14 3035:7; 3036:16; 3038:13; 3200:4, 7, 18; 3296:1 WITNESSES [2] - 2981:5; 3041:11; 3046:1; 3049:11; 3071:8; 3081:17; 3082:1, Wildlife [1] - 3199:15 3087:15
Realtime Connection - the Realtime EXPERTS - [email protected]