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ISSN: 2152-1972 The IRM Inside... Visiting Fellows' Reports 2 Report on Castle Meeting 4 Current Articles 6 QuarterlySpring 2018, Vol. 28 No.1 ... and more throughout!

The 2018 Summer School in Rock Magnetism

Panoramic of the mini-workshop on micromagnetic modeling using MERRILL. Wyn Williams (University of Edinburgh) is teaching the classroom the fundamentals of magnetic modeling, while Lesleis Nagy (left) supervises. Photo by Josh Feinberg. Dario Bilardello goals and an indication of how rock magnetic studies could help the applicant’s research. This year we were able to award every participant a partial reimbursement Institute for Rock Magnetism offered by the United States National Science Founda- [email protected] tion. Three students received scholarships thanks to The fifth IRM Summer School in Rock Magnetism funds provided by the Geomagnetism, Paleomagne- was held between June 4-13th at the Institute for Rock tism, and Electromagnetism section of the American Magnetism, University of Minnesota. This was the first Geophysical Union: Congratulations to Marie Troyano Summer School held in the newly renovated home of the (IPGP), Christina Verhagen (Rutgers University) and IRM, the Tate Laboratory of Physics: SSRM 2.0, if you Gabriel West (Stockholm University) for taking home will. the AGU Scholarships! Since the Summer School of 2013, registration has Students were also asked to describe their research been capped at 20 students per school to ensure a “hands interests for the purpose of creating suitable afternoon on” and personal experience for every participant. This laboratory projects. Based on interest, the students were year, the 20 spots filled up within three days of open- subdivided into four groups that worked on: A) Paleoin- ing the registration, a real record! Moreover, the 10-spot tensity; B) DRM; C) Environmental Magnetism; and D) wait list also filled up soon after, with a handful of peo- Magnetic Anisotropy. The groups were guided by Josh ple still enquiring about the possibility to register. We Feinberg, Dario Bilardello, Pete Solheid and Mike Jack- sympathize with all those who were not able to partici- son, respectively. A shout-out also goes to IRM students, pate and we are very glad that the interest in the Summer postdocs and alumni Janelle Ruth, Kathryn Hobart, Max School is so high. Longchamp, Mike Volk and Dan Maxbauer for their help Participants were of different nationalities. Six stu- creating the projects and/or their assistance during the dents (US and international) traveled from five United lab sessions. States institutions (California Institute of Technology, As always, the true hero of the Summer School was Rutgers University, University of Massachusetts, Uni- IRM director Bruce Moskowitz who unremittingly versity of Oregon, and University of Rochester). The taught the majority of the morning classes, 8:30 to 12:00 remaining fourteen students travelled from eight differ- (fifteen hours of lecturing over the first eight days!). ent countries (Canada, China, France, Mexico, Norway, The lectures covered the whole spectrum of topics in Sweden, Taiwan, and United Kingdom). rock-magnetism, from basics to applications. Lectures When applying for the Summer School, participants included: the physics of magnetism; the geomagnetic field; magnetism of solids I and II; magnetic ; cont’d. on were offered the possibility to apply for a scholarship, pg. 12... based on a short research statement, describing research fine particle magnetism; superparamagnetism to multi- 1 crons). All samples have a magnetite Verwey transition (Tv) Visiting Fellow Reports between 112 K and 127 K (average 120.5 K; Fig. 1a), and two samples have a pyrrhotite Besnus transition at ~30 K. Some samples also show significant unblocking Rock magnetic characterization of of the low- remanence below ~50 K, which may be an ilmenite component. A few samples have FC in-situ oceanic gabbros from Atlantis and ZFC curves that do not converge at T > Tv (Fig. Bank 1b), a property consistent with goethite; Liu et al. (2006) attribute this to the high saturation field of goethite and in-field cooling through the blocking temperature(s). Julie Bowles FORC data clearly show the presence of at least Geosciences, three different populations: a “pseudo-single-domain” University of Wisconsin- Milwaukee population (Fig. 2a), a non-interacting single-domain [email protected] population (Fig. 2b), and a lower-coercivity, somewhat interacting SD population (Fig. 2c). We suggest that IODP Expedition 360 to Atlantis Bank on the South- the non-interacting SD population is largely confined to west Indian Ridge was the first step in a planned multi- silicate-hosted inclusions, and measurements on min- expedition project designed to better understand the eral separates confirm that some silicates display simi- nature of lower oceanic and the Moho at slower lar FORC behavior. The interacting SD population may spreading ridges. This includes understanding the in- be linked to olivine alteration, and a similar FORC was teraction between magmatism and tectonism in accom- measured by Usui (2013) on olivine separates. Final- modating seafloor spreading at slow spreading centers. ly, the PSD population may be discrete magnetite, but Paleomagnetic and magnetic anisotropy data will play we note that at least some multidomain structures were a key role in answering these questions, and a better un- found as silicate inclusions using MFM. The MFM data derstanding of the magnetic mineralogy is therefore in also show that magnetic structures consistent with a non- order to properly interpret these data. interacting SD population are found as exsolution fea- There is relatively little rock magnetic data from in- tures in larger, non-magnetic oxides. Conversely, non- situ oceanic gabbros, but Gee and Kent (2007) summa- magnetic exsolution features in larger magnetic oxides rize observations of magnetite present in three forms: produce magnetic structures consistent with an interact- discrete, primary magnetite; fine-grained silicate-hosted ing SD population. magnetite; and magnetite associated with alteration of olivine. Low-temperature data presented by Zhao and Acknowledgements Tominaga (2009) also suggest at least the occasional I thank the IRM for the Visiting Fellowship that al- presence of pyrrhotite. lowed me to collect this data, and Mike, Peat, and Dario At the IRM, we measured hysteresis loops and for all their skilled assistance! Many thanks to T. Mor- FORCs on samples from both oxide-rich and oxide- ris and M. Tivey, my co-magnetists on board Expedition poor samples that displayed a wide variety of NRM and 360, as well all of the Expedition 360 scientists and crew. thermal demagnetization behavior. On a subset of these Travel to the IRM was additionally supported by funds samples, we also measured a room-temperature 2.5 T from the U.S. Science Support Program. IRM (RTSIRM) on cooling to 10K and warming back to room temperature. A 2.5 T IRM was applied at 10 K References Gee, J. S., and Kent, D. V. (2007), Source of oceanic mag- and measured on warming, following zero-field cooling netic anomalies and the geomagnetic polarity timescale, in (ZFC) and cooling in a 2.5 T field (FC). Finally, three Treatise on , v. 5, M. Kono (Ed.), pp. 455-507, samples were examined with the magnetic force micro- Elsevier, New York. scope (MFM) to investigate domain structures within Harrison, R. J., and Feinberg, J. M. (2008). FORCinel: An im- some of the very coarse oxides (tens to hundreds of mi- proved algorithm for calculating first-order reversal curve

360-U1473A- 360-U1473A- /kg) 2 31R-2,123 cm 21R-2,116 cm 8 Am

0.02 -3 6 0.01 AB4

M (x 10 100 200 300 100 200 300 Temperature (K) Temperature (K) Figure 1: Example FC (blue) and ZFC (red) data. 2 ABC ) (T u B

360-U1473A- 360-U1473A- 360-U1473A- 5R-1,12 cm 27R-3,112 cm 75R-4,127 cm

Bc (T) Bc (T) Bc (T) Figure 2. Example FORC data. Processed with FORCinel (Harrison and Feinberg, 2008) distributions using locally weighted regression smooth- mental evidence for it remains scarce, in part due to the ing. Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, 9, https:// difficulty to obtain samples with well-known- remag doi:10.1029/2008GC001987 netization , and was sometimes negative Usui, Y. (2013). Paleointensity estimates from oceanic gab- (Kent, 1985). Related is the problem of cooling rates, bros: Effects of hydrothermal alteration and cooling rate. i.e. the ability to obtain insight into how fast a rock body Earth Planets Space, 65, 985-996. Zhao, X., and Tominaga, M. (2009). Paleomagnetic and rock cooled after its formation or emplacement by analyzing magnetic results from lower crustal rocks of IODP Site its blocking temperatures during stepwise thermal de- U1309: Implication for thermal and accretion history of the magnetization. Knowledge of cooling rates is essential Atlantis Massif. , 474, 435-448. for paleointensity accurate estimates; as slower cooling rocks generally show higher magnetic intensities during thermal demagnetization. In a previous visit to the IRM, Blocking temperatures: Are they really we performed the first experimental study of this latter relation, between cooling rates and unblocking tempera- as we think they are? tures (Berndt et al., 2017), which yielded discrepancies to the theoretically predict temperatures that could only Thomas Berndt empirically be accounted for (Fig. 1). School of Earth and Space Sciences, In this second visit to the IRM, additional experi- ments were performed to verify the blocking relation Peking University predicted by Néel theory not only for thermoremanence [email protected] acquisition under cooling, but also under constant tem- peratures. Theoretically, the acquisition and demagneti- The ability to determine blocking temperatures of zation temperatures should fall onto the contours of the magnetic remanences of rocks is important to estimate widely used Pullaiah (1975) nomograms (Fig. 1) given emplacement temperatures, to distinguish primary or by the relationship secondary thermal magnetizations from viscous over- prints, and to use viscous remanent magnetizations for “VRM dating” of landslides, archeological artifacts, and 𝑇𝑇" 𝑡𝑡" 𝑇𝑇. 𝑡𝑡. % ln ( , = % ln ( , . floods (Berndt & Muxworthy, 2017). While a widely 𝑀𝑀$ 𝜏𝜏+ 𝑀𝑀$ 𝜏𝜏+ used, based on theoretical framework based on Néel’s The novelty in this study to verify this relationship is (1949) theory of single-domain grains exists, experi- that instead of heating the sample to progressively higher

Figure 1. Pullaiah (1975) nomograms showing the blocking temperatures of a Tiva Canyon Tuff sample under continuous heating/ cooling. Only after applying an empirical correction factor (right) does the blocking condition accurately predict the experimental data. 3 16th Castle Meeting, June 10 – 16 2018, Checiny, Poland

Andrea R. Biedermann Institute of Geophysics, ETH Zurich, Switzerland [email protected]

Figure 2. Viscous decay experiments to obtain unblocking tem- In June, 74 researchers and 3 accompanying persons from 21 countries gathered at ECEG temperatures, the temperature is kept constant and the (European Centre for Geological Education) in viscous decay with time is measured. This allows to de- Checiny, Poland, to discuss new trends on paleo, termine the relaxation time that corresponds to the re- rock and environmental magnetism. Twenty stu- spective blocking temperature, which translates into a dents were among the participants, 9 of which at- much higher accuracy than approaches using stepwise tended a short course on rock magnetism applied heating. Fig. 2 shows a series of preliminary viscous de- to structural geology prior to the conference. I cay curves for various different acquisition temperatures was one of many early career scientists attending and times: The point where the decay reaches zero can the 16th Castle Meeting. be used in the above equation to test the predictions of We shared our latest results in 49 talks and 31 Néel theory. The data will then be plotted on Pullaiah poster presentations. The topics ranged from nomograms in a similar way to Fig. 1 to confirm if the computational rock magnetism, to interpreting nomograms are accurate at predicting blocking tempera- magnetic anisotropy, to assessing pollution from tures. car brakes based on magnetic methods. Because all participants were staying, eating and spending References their free time in the same place, we had many Berndt, T., Paterson, G. A., Cao, C., & Muxworthy, A. opportunities for discussions, both scientifically R. (2017). Experimental test of the heating and cool- and otherwise. I had dinner with people I would ing rate effect on blocking temperatures. Geophysical not have a chance to talk to at the big EGU or Journal International, 210(1), 255–269. https://doi. AGU meetings. org/10.1093/gji/ggx153 The program included excursions to a cave Berndt, T., & Muxworthy, A. R. (2017). Dating Icelandic with beautiful stalagmites and stalactites, as well glacial floods using a new viscous remanent magneti- as a guided tour and dinner in a salt mine – 130 zation protocol. Geology, 45(4), 339–342. https://doi. m below the surface, surrounded by salt. Visits to org/10.1130/G38600.1 Kielce and Cracow, and an afternoon at Tokar- Pullaiah, G., Irving, E., Buchan, K., & Dunlop, D. nia ethnographic museum taught us a lot about (1975). Magnetization changes caused by burial and Polish history and life. And, of course, we spent uplift. Earth and Letters, 28, 133– an evening at Checiny Castle, where we expe- 143. https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(75)90221-6 rienced a fire show, sword fights, a ghost, and had competitions in important disciplines such as throwing horseshoes, rolling barrels and trans- porting one’s friends in a wheelbarrow. A big thank you to the Organizing Committee, as well as all the presenters and tour guides. After an intense week packed with fascinating science and interesting excursions, I am leaving ECEG with many impressions, exciting ideas, and new friends. See you all at the next Castle Meeting in 2 years in Croatia!

4 Pictures from the Castle Meeting provided by Andrea Biedermann. Bottom picture was "borrowed" from the Castle Meeting website.

5 local basin factors: Insight from the Lower Devonian of the Prague Basin, Czech Republic, Sedimentary Geology, 364, Current Articles 71-88. Bakke, J., N. Balascio, W. G. M. van der Bilt, R. Bradley, W. J. D'Andrea, M. Gjerde, S. Olafsdottir, T. Rothe, and G. De A list of current research articles dealing with various topics in the physics and chemistry of magnetism is a regular feature of Wet (2018), The Island of Amsterdamoya: A key site for the IRM Quarterly. Articles published in familiar geology and studying past climate in the Arctic Archipelago of Svalbard, geophysics journals are included; special emphasis is given to Quaternary Science Reviews, 183, 157-163. current articles from physics, chemistry, and materials-science Baleeiro, A., S. Fiol, A. Otero-Farina, and J. Antelo (2018), journals. Most are taken from ISI Web of Knowledge, after Surface chemistry of iron oxides formed by neutralization which they are subjected to Procrustean culling for this news- of acidic mine waters: Removal of trace metals, Applied letter. An extensive reference list of articles (primarily about Geochemistry, 89, 129-137. rock magnetism, the physics and chemistry of magnetism, Camargo, L. A., J. Marques, V. Barron, L. R. F. Alleoni, G. and some ) is continually updated at the IRM. T. Pereira, D. D. Teixeira, and A. Bahia (2018), Predicting This list, with more than 10,000 references, is available free of potentially toxic elements in tropical soils from iron oxides, charge. Your contributions both to the list and to the Current magnetic susceptibility and diffuse reflectance spectra, Cat- Articles section of the IRM Quarterly are always welcome. ena, 165, 503-515. Costabel, S., C. Weidner, M. Muller-Petke, and G. Houben Archeomagnetism (2018), Hydraulic characterisation of iron-oxide-coated Lowe, K. M., S. M. Mentzer, L. A. Wallis, and J. Shulmeister sand and gravel based on nuclear magnetic resonance re- (2018), A multi-proxy study of anthropogenic sedimenta- laxation mode analyses, Hydrology and Earth System Sci- tion and human occupation of Gledswood Shelter 1: explor- ences, 22(3), 1713-1729. ing an interior sandstone rockshelter in Northern Australia, Deschamps, C. E., G. St-Onge, J. C. Montero-Serrano, and L. Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences, 10(2), 279- Polyak (2018), Chronostratigraphy and spatial distribution 304. of magnetic sediments in the Chukchi and Beaufort seas Pares, J. M., et al. (2018), Chronology of the cave interior since the last deglaciation, Boreas, 47(2), 544-564. sediments at Gran Dolina archaeological site, Atapuerca Di Bella, M., F. Italiano, S. Magazu, A. F. Mottese, M. Interdo- (Spain), Quaternary Science Reviews, 186, 1-16. nato, F. Gentile, and G. Sabatino (2018), Risk assessment of bottom ash from fuel oil power plant of Italy: mineralogi- Biomagnetism cal, chemical and leaching characterization, Environmental Bautista, F., M. E. Gonsebatt, R. Cejudo, A. Goguitchaichvili, Earth Sciences, 77(5). M. C. Delgado, and J. J. Morales (2018), Evidence of small Donders, T. H., et al. (2018), Land-sea coupling of early Pleis- ferrimagnetic concentrations in mice (Mus musculus) livers tocene glacial cycles in the southern North Sea exhibit and kidneys exposed to the urban dust: A reconnaissance dominant Northern Hemisphere forcing, Climate of the study, Geofisica Internacional, 57(1), 81-88. Past, 14(3), 397-411. Ebert, Y., R. Shaar, S. Emmanuel, N. Nowaczyk, and M. Stein Famera, M., T. M. Grygar, J. Elznicova, and H. Grison (2018), (2018), Overwriting of sedimentary magnetism by bacteri- Geochemical normalization of magnetic susceptibility for ally mediated mineral alteration, Geology, 46(4), 291-294. investigation of floodplain sediments, Environmental Earth Liu, S. N., and H. A. Wiatrowski (2018), Reduction of Hg(II) Sciences, 77(5). to Hg(0) by Biogenic Magnetite from two Magnetotactic Font, E., T. Adatte, M. Andrade, G. Keller, A. M. Bitchong, C. Bacteria, Geomicrobiology Journal, 35(3), 198-208. Carvallo, J. Ferreira, Z. Diogo, and J. Mirao (2018), Deccan Parker, C. W., A. S. Auler, M. D. Barton, I. D. Sasowsky, J. M. volcanism induced high-stress environment during the Cre- Senko, and H. A. Barton (2018), Fe(III) Reducing Micro- taceous-Paleogene transition at Zumaia, Spain: Evidence organisms from Iron Ore Caves Demonstrate Fermentative from magnetic, mineralogical and biostratigraphic records, Fe(III) Reduction and Promote Cave Formation, Geomicro- Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 484, 53-66. biology Journal, 35(4), 311-322. Galan-Abellan, A., and J. M. Frias (2018), Environmental con- Poggenburg, C., R. Mikutta, A. Schippers, R. Dohrmann, and ditions of E Iberia's Early Triassic: an Earth example for G. Guggenberger (2018), Impact of natural organic matter understanding the habitability of ancient Mars, Episodes, coatings on the microbial reduction of iron oxides, Geochi- 41(1), 33-50. mica Et Cosmochimica Acta, 224, 223-248. Garcia-Hidalgo, J. F., J. Elorza, J. Gil-Gil, J. M. Herrero, and Zhu, X. H., A. P. Hitchcock, L. Le Nagard, D. A. Bazylinski, M. Segura (2018), Evidence of synsedimentary microbial V. Morillo, F. Abreu, P. Leao, and U. Lins (2018), X-ray activity and iron deposition in ferruginous crusts of the Absorption and Magnetism of Synthetic Late Cenomanian Utrillas Formation (Iberian Basin, central Greigite and Greigite Magnetosomes in Magnetotactic Bac- Spain), Sedimentary Geology, 364, 24-41. teria, Geomicrobiology Journal, 35(3), 215-226. Gonet, T., B. Gorka-Kostrubiec, and B. Luczak-Wilamowska (2018), Assessment of topsoil contamination near the Stani- Environmental magnetism and Climate slaw Siedlecki Polish Polar Station in Hornsund, Svalbard, Allard, T., C. Gautheron, S. B. Riffel, E. Balan, B. F. Soares, using magnetic methods, Polar Science, 15, 75-86. R. Pinna-Jamme, A. Derycke, G. Morin, G. T. Bueno, and Gwizdala, M., M. Jelenska, and L. Leczynski (2018), The mag- N. do Nascimento (2018), Combined dating of goethites netic method as a tool to investigate the Werenskioldbreen and kaolinites from ferruginous duricrusts. 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Huang (2018), Origins of two types of ser- pentinites from the Qinling orogenic belt, central China and associated fluid/melt-rock interactions, Lithos, 302, 50-64. 11 cont’d. from pg. 1... groups presented the findings of their projects. Regard- domain behavior; low temperature magnetism; envi- less of project theme, the goal of the lab exercises is for ronmental magnetism; remanent magnetizations (TRM, the students to learn about experimental techniques and VRM, CRM, TVRM); and paleointensity. acquiring data on the instruments available at the IRM. Additional lectures were taught by Mike Jackson (hys- The paleointensity group gave a presentation titled: teresis loops, magnetic fabrics), Josh Feinberg (FORC “Palaeointensity of a Montana slag using the calibrat- diagrams), and Dario Bilardello (DRM and relative pa- ed Pseudo-Thellier method.” Slags of known age from leointensity). a copper mine in Montana were studied. The slags had quenched glassy margins and more crystallized interiors, This year’s Summer School also incorporated two and images under light microscopy and SEM were ac- new mini-workshops on micromagnetic modeling and quired to evaluate the mineralogy/grainsize, and further on archiving data using the MagIC database. permitted EDS analysis to determine the element com- Wyn Williams (University of Edinburgh) and Lesleis position. Specimens from both the glassy margins and Nagy (Scripps Institution of Oceanography), ran a com- crystalline interiors were analyzed rock-magnetically to puter laboratory session on micromagnetic modeling determine magnetic mineralogy and domain state distri- using the MERRILL software package (https://www. bution, to better inform a calibrated non-heating paleo- geos.ed.ac.uk/geosciences/research/projects/rockmag). intensity experiment. Conclusions of the study were that During the workshop students learnt the basic details of the relatively high coercivity distribution of the material micromagnetic modeling and were able to gain experi- did not allow existing non-heating paleointensity proto- ence performing simple simulations of uniformly and cols to recover the known field, whereas thermal paleo- non-uniformly magnetized simple shapes (cubes and intensity methods (e.g., the IZZI protocol) would have spheres), and extract their hysteresis loops. Demonstra- been more appropriate. tions also covered more complex shapes and magnetic The title of the presentation from the DRM group was: structures. “Inclination shallowing in redeposited sediments.” This Nick Jarboe (Scripps Institution of Oceanography) led a workshop on the Magnetic Information Consortium (MagIC, https://www2.earthref.org/MagIC) database for archiving and sharing rock-magnetic and paleomagnetic data. After a short introduction on the usefulness of ar- chiving/sharing data, Nick led the students in a demon- stration on searching the database and preparing data en- tries. The students were then able to create user accounts and upload their own data generated during the Summer School.

Field trip Now a staple of the Summer School is a one-day field trip to nearby Taylor’s Falls at Interstate State Park. The Saint Croix river flows over modern-day Taylor’s Falls and the site is renowned for hosting some of the larg- est pot holes in the world, excavated within ~1.1 Gy basalts. The pot holes are a recent geomorphological feature carved into the landscape during the catastrophic outpouring of waters from Glacial Lake Duluth ~10 ka ago, at the end of the Wisconsin Glaciation. The basalts are associated with the failed North American Mid- Continental rift event, the extent of which can be traced using gravity and aeromagnetic methods as far south as Oklahoma. The State Park allows students to leisurely walk through the basalt outcrops and admire the potholes and scenic views along the St. Croix river. Above the basalts is the “younger” Franconia Formation, a Cam- brian sandstone deposited in a shallow marine environ- ment. The sandstone displays trough cross stratification and impressive liesegang bands, formed by precipitation of iron oxides like hematite and goethite, minerals that many rock-magnetists are very familiar with.

Group Presentations Outcrop of the Franconia Sandstone at Interstate State Park. On the last day of the Summer School the four student Photo: Mike Volk. 12 Group photo overlooking the St. Croix River valley. Photo: Mike Volk. group investigated the rock-magnetic properties of a va- tectonic implications of the samples. The students were riety of subglacial sediments from different localities in able to evaluate the effects of both deformation resulting North America, evaluating the respective magnetic min- from the transform faulting, and the effects of serpenti- eralogies and grainsizes/domain states. Ultimately, the nization on the magnetic properties of the rocks, which group analyzed a mud and silt that were redeposited in likely occurred after the ophiolite obduction. the lab under identical field conditions, in order to evalu- ate the different recording of the DRM by the different Final party grain-sized sediments and obtain relative paleointensity As per tradition, the Summer School ended over din- estimates by using both the “classic” normalizing (ARM ner and drinks at a local establishment. Time to unwind and IRM) technique, and the Pseudo-Thellier method. and mingle with newly met friends and/or older acquain- The Environmental magnetism group gave a presen- tances. It is always a pleasure to watch Mike explain tation titled: “Using rock magnetism in one case of envi- the history of the IRM guestbook, and even more so to ronmental study: Cannon River Wilderness Area, North- watch the students (and staff) leave their unforgettable field, MN.” signatures: “pigs drawn whilst blindfolded.” The tight The group studied a soil profile from the Cannon River schedule of the Summer School often does not allow for Wilderness Area, south of Minneapolis, MN. The soil much downtime and it is nice for all to be able to finally profile is a 2.2 meter accumulation of eroded top soil in draw a large breath together: hurrah, mission accom- a valley bottom which was deposited starting with the plished! onset of european agricultural practices in 1850 to the 1930’s when erosion control practices halted the deposi- tion. The profile was sampled every 10 cm and included a ~1.1 m top clay-rich layer, the first 60 cm of which contained plant roots, a ~20 cm layer containing red- orange cobbles, a ~40 cm layer characterized by increas- ing moisture content, and a bottom ~40 cm thick sandy layer. The samples were dried, crushed and sieved at 1 mm to remove pebbles and prepared for rock-magnetic measurements. The goal of the project was to determine the relationship between magnetic properties and rainfall abundance and other environmental conditions. Finally, the anisotropy group presented on: “Mag- netic fabrics in the New Caledonia Ophiolite.” Samples for this project consisted in harzburgites collected by Prof. Christian Teyssier (University of Minnesota) from within and outside the Ouassé mylonite zone, which is thought to represent a paleo oceanic transform fault zone. Samples spanned a ~15 km transect across the ~5 km mylonite zone. The goal of the project was to de- termine the magnetic mineralogy, measure the magnetic fabrics of the different rocks in order to compare samples from within and outside the shear zone and evaluate the Liesegang bands in cross-bedded Franconia Sandstone. 13 Inclination Shallowing in PALAEOINTENSITY OF A MONTANA SLAG USING THE CALIBRATED Redeposited Sediments PSEUDO THELLIER METHOD Summer School for Rock Magnetism 2018 Group B (Supervisor: Dario Bilardello) Group A Arthur Bieber Marie Troyano, Tinghong Zhou, Simon Lloyd, Larry Syu-Heng Lai Daniele Thallner, Yael Engbers Tatiana Savranskaia Gabriel West 1

Using rock magnetism in one case of environmental study: Cannon River Wilderness Area, Northfield, MN. Magnetic Fabrics In the New Caledonia Ophiolite Institute for Rock Magnetism 2018 Summer School IRM 2018 Summer School -- Group D June 13th 2018

M. Albán Albarrán Santos Pinru Huang Joshua Bridges Wenjun Jao Sarah Letaïef Marie-Pier St-Onge Title slides from the Groups' presentations.

1 QuarterlyThe IRM The Institute for Rock Magnetism is dedi- The IRM Quarterly is published four cated to providing state-of-the-art facilities times a year by the staff of the IRM. If you and technical expertise free of charge to any or someone you know would like to be on interested researcher who applies and is ac- our mailing list, if you have something you cepted as a Visiting Fellow. Short proposals would like to contribute (e.g., titles plus are accepted semi-annually in spring and abstracts of papers in press), or if you have fall for work to be done in a 10-day period any suggestions to improve the newsletter, during the following half year. Shorter, less please notify the editor: formal visits are arranged on an individual basis through the Facilities Manager. Dario Bilardello The IRM staff consists of Subir Baner- Institute for Rock Magnetism jee, Professor/Founding Director; Bruce Department of Earth Sciences Moskowitz, Professor/Director; Joshua University of Minnesota Feinberg, Assistant Professor/Associate 150 John T Tate Hall Director; Mike Jackson, Peat Sølheid and 116 Church Street SE Dario Bilardello, Staff Scientists. Minneapolis, MN 55455-0128 Funding for the IRM is provided by the phone: (612) 624-5274 National Science Foundation, the W. M. e-mail: [email protected] Keck Foundation, and the University of www.irm.umn.edu Minnesota. The U of M is committed to the policy that all people shall have equal access to its programs, facilities, and employment without regard to race, religion, color, sex, national origin, handicap, age, veteran status, or sexual orientation.

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